资源简介 名词所有格用法解析及练习题一、名词所有格的概念名词所有格是表示名词之间所属关系的一种形式,简单来说,就是用来表明 “谁的” 东西。例如 “小明的书”,这里 “小明的” 就是用名词所有格形式来体现书的所属者是小明。在英语里,有多种方式来构成名词所有格。二、名词所有格的形式及用法(一)’s 所有格用于有生命的名词一般情况下,在单数名词后直接加 “’s”。比如:The boy’s bag is over there.(这个男孩的书包在那边。)My mother’s car is very nice.(我妈妈的汽车很漂亮。)以 -s 结尾的复数名词,只在词尾加 “’”。例如:The students’ desks are new.(学生们的课桌是新的。)The teachers’ office is on the second floor.(老师们的办公室在二楼。)不以 -s 结尾的复数名词,还是要加 “’s”。像:The children’s toys are everywhere.(孩子们的玩具到处都是。)The women’s clothes in this shop are very fashionable.(这家商店里女士的衣服很时尚。)用于表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词时间方面:today’s news(今天的新闻)tomorrow’s meeting(明天的会议)an hour’s drive(一小时的车程)距离方面:ten minutes’ walk(十分钟的步行路程)two kilometers’ distance(两公里的距离)国家、城市等:China’s history(中国的历史)Beijing’s streets(北京的街道)表示两者或多者共同拥有与各自拥有表示两者或多者共同拥有某事物时,只在最后一个名词后加 “’s”。例如:Lucy and Lily’s mother is a doctor.(露西和莉莉的妈妈是一名医生。说明露西和莉莉是同一个妈妈)Tom, Jack and Mike’s classroom is very clean.(汤姆、杰克和迈克的教室非常干净。表明他们共用一个教室)表示两者或多者各自拥有某事物时,每个名词后都要加 “’s”。比如:Lucy’s and Lily’s bags are different.(露西的书包和莉莉的书包不一样。说明她们各自有自己的书包)Tom’s, Jack’s and Mike’s books are on the desk.(汤姆的书、杰克的书和迈克的书都在桌子上。意味着他们各自的书)名词所有格所修饰词的省略现象表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词,其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。例如:I went to the doctor’s (office) yesterday.(我昨天去了诊所。)She is at the tailor’s (shop).(她在裁缝店。)We will go to my uncle’s (house) this weekend.(我们这个周末要去我叔叔家。)名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到过,往往可以省略,以免重复。比如:This is not my book. It’s Tom’s (book).(这不是我的书。是汤姆的书。book 前文已提,此处可省)Whose pen is this It’s Lucy’s (pen).(这是谁的钢笔?是露西的钢笔。pen 省略)(二)of 所有格用于无生命的名词:这是 of 所有格最常见的用法。比如:the legs of the table(桌子的腿)the cover of the book(书的封面)the name of the city(城市的名字)用于名词化的词:所谓名词化的词,就是一些原本不是名词,但在特定语境中当作名词使用的词。例如:the rich(富人),可以说 the life of the rich(富人的生活)the poor(穷人),如 the situation of the poor(穷人的状况)当修饰词较多时:用 of 所有格会使句子结构更清晰。例如:the very big and beautiful house of the old man in the village(村子里那位老人的又大又漂亮的房子)表示有生命的东西的名词:有时也可以用 of 所有格,特别是当这个名词有较长的修饰语时。比如:the children of the family who live next door(住在隔壁那家的孩子们)某些 of 所有格和 ’s 所有格可以互换:但意思可能会有细微差别。例如:the son of a poor peasant = a poor peasant’s son(一个贫农的儿子),这里意思基本相同。但 an old woman’s story(一个老妇人自己的故事,老妇人是故事的讲述者或主角)和 the story of an old woman(关于一个老妇人的故事,老妇人不一定是讲述者)意思不同。(三)双重所有格形式:“名词 + of + 名词性物主代词” 或 “名词 + of + ’s 所有格”。例如:a friend of mine(我的一个朋友),这里 mine 是名词性物主代词。a book of Tom’s(汤姆的一本书),Tom’s 是 ’s 所有格形式。意义:双重所有格通常表示部分观念,即全体中的一部分。比如 a friend of mine 意味着我有很多朋友,他只是其中之一。与指示代词连用时,常带有感彩。例如:Look at that beautiful picture of yours.(看看你那张漂亮的照片。这里带有赞赏的感情)I don’t like this big house of my uncle’s.(我不喜欢我叔叔的这所大房子。带有不满的感情)注意事项:不定冠词、数词、某些不定代词(some, any, many, no, few 等)以及 which 等限定词,一般不与形容词性物主代词或 ’s 所有格等一起放在名词前修饰名词,而采用 of 所有格或双重所有格形式。例如:不能说 some my books,要说 some books of mine 或 some of my books。不能说 which his pen,要说 which pen of his 或 which of his pens。三、练习题(一)用所给名词的适当形式填空This is __________ (Tom) bike.The __________ (students) classroom is very bright.March 8th is __________ (woman) Day.It’s about ten __________ (minutes) walk from my home to the school.That is the __________ (teacher) office.The __________ (children) toys are in the box.These are __________ (Lucy and Lily) bags.This is a photo of __________ (my father).The __________ (cat) tail is long.It’s __________ (today) newspaper.(二)单项选择This is __________ room. They like it very much.A. Lucy and LilyB. Lucy’s and Lily’sC. Lucy and Lily’s—Is this your ruler —No, it’s not mine. It’s __________.A. herB. hersC. sheLook at the photo. The girl beside __________ is me.A. heB. hisC. himThis is a photo of __________. I look very happy in the photo.A. IB. meC. myThe woman over there is __________ mother.A. Julia and Shelley’sB. Julia’s and Shelley’sC. Julia and ShelleyIt’s only five __________ walk from the park to the hotel.A. minuteB. minutesC. minutes’She is a friend of __________.A. Mary’s motherB. Mary’s mother’sC. mother of MaryLook at that long nose of __________.A. JackB. JacksC. Jack’s—Whose books are these —They are __________.A. the twinsB. the twins’C. twin’sThis is __________ eraser and that is __________ ruler.A. a; anB. an; aC. an; an(三)句型转换This is Lily’s dress.(对划线部分提问)__________ dress is this The book is Tom’s.(改为同义句)This is __________ __________.Those are their boxes.(改为单数句)That is __________ __________.It is Lucy and Lily’s bedroom.(改为一般疑问句)__________ __________ Lucy and Lily’s bedroom The boy under the tree is my brother.(对划线部分提问)__________ __________ is your brother 四、答案(一)用所给名词的适当形式填空Tom’sstudents’Women’sminutes’teacher’schildren’sLucy and Lily’smy father’scat’stoday’s(二)单项选择CBCBACBCBB(三)句型转换WhoseTom’s bookhis/her boxIs itWhich boy 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览