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专题 句法结构的考查分析
(完形填空关键策略分析 2)
中考英语完形填空中句法结构的考查分析
中考英语完形填空对句法结构的考查途径主要包括：通过复合句引导词（如定语从句关系代词 / 副词、
名词性从句连接词、状语从句从属连词）的选择，考查考生对主从复合句逻辑关系的理解；借助 时态与语
态一致性，要求考生根据上下文时间线索或动作主被动关系确定动词形式；通过主谓一致 规则（如主语单
复数与谓语动词的匹配）检验语法准确性；设置非谓语动词考点（如不定式、动名词、分词的句法功能），
考查其在句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语的正确用法；涉及特殊句型结构（如倒装句、强调句、省略句）
及 并列句逻辑衔接词（如 and, but, or 等）的选择，要求考生依据句子结构关系和语义逻辑完成句法补全，
综合考查对句子内部结构及句间语法关联的分析能力。下面选取部分内容进行分析：
考查方式一：时态和语态的运用
【内容简析】
动词的时态与语态是英语表达中极为关键的部分。时态用于明确动作发生的时间范畴，像一般现在时
描述现阶段经常发生或存在的动作、状态；过去时聚焦过去某个时间点或时间段内发生的动作；将来时则
着眼于尚未发生的动作。语态方面，主动语态强调主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态突出主语是动作的承
受者。在中考英语完形填空中，对时态和语态的考查旨在检验学生能否依据具体语境，准确选择合适的动
词形式来传达正确的语义。
【考查方式】
题目会巧妙地在上下文设置时间状语，以此暗示动作发生的时间，比如 “yesterday（昨天）”“last week
（上周）”“now（现在）”“tomorrow（明天）” 等标志性词汇，要求学生敏锐捕捉这些信息来确定时态。同时，
通过分析动作的执行者与承受者之间的关系，判断是使用主动语态还是被动语态。
【关键提示】
做题时，学生务必高度关注时间状语，它就像是解题的 “指南针”，能精准指引动作发生的时间方向。
此外，仔细梳理上下文动作发生的先后顺序，这对于确定复杂语境中的时态起着关键作用。同时，清晰分
辨主语与动词之间的逻辑联系，明确主语到底是动作的发出者还是接受者，这是判断语态的核心要点。
【解答策略】
精准识别时间标志词是确定时态的关键步骤。当看到 “yesterday”“last night（昨晚）” 这类词汇，就能
迅速判断动作发生在过去，应优先考虑过去时态；“now”“at present（目前）” 则提示是现在进行的动作，要
用现在进行时；而 “tomorrow”“next week（下周）” 等词，表明动作还未发生，需选择将来时态。
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认真分析句子结构，确定主语与动词的关系。若主语是动作的执行者，就采用主动语态；若主语是动
作的承受者，那就得使用被动语态。比如 “The boy kicked the ball（男孩踢了球）”，男孩是踢这个动作的执
行者，用主动语态；“The ball was kicked by the boy（球被男孩踢了）”，球是承受者，要用被动语态。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
Last night, I __________ a movie and it was very interesting. The movie was about a brave
detective who solved a mysterious case. I had been looking forward to watching it for a long time.
A. watch
B. watched
C. have watched
D. will watch
[解答分析]
时间状语：“Last night” 明确无误地表明动作发生在过去。在这个句子里，它是判断时态的关键依据。
而且结合整个语境，“我看电影” 这个动作就是单纯在昨晚发生，没有对现在造成持续影响，也不存在和过去
其他动作的先后对比等复杂情况。
时态选择：一般过去时用于描述过去某个特定时间发生的动作，所以这里应该用一般过去时。
答案：B。“watched” 是 “watch” 的一般过去式，符合句子的时态要求。而 A 选项 “watch” 是动词原
形，用于一般现在时；C 选项 “have watched” 是现在完成时，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响；D
选项 “will watch” 是一般将来时，表示尚未发生的动作，均不符合 “Last night” 这个时间状语所限定的时态。
考查方式二：主谓一致与句子意义的统一
【内容简析】
主谓一致是英语句子结构的基本规则之一，要求主语和谓语动词在人称和数上保持协调一致。这意味着，
单数主语要搭配单数形式的谓语动词，复数主语则要与复数形式的谓语动词相匹配，这样才能保证句子表
达准确、逻辑清晰。
【考查方式】
中考完形填空中，会给出各种形式的主语，有简单的单数或复数名词作主语，也有像 “the group of...”“a
number of...” 这类容易混淆单复数概念的短语作主语的情况。学生需要依据主语的实际单复数形式，挑选
出与之对应的正确动词形式。
【关键提示】
在分析句子时，首先要精准判断主语是单数还是复数。对于一些特殊的主语形式，如集体名词，要根
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据其在语境中的具体含义来确定单复数。同时，注意主语与谓语动词之间可能存在插入语等干扰成分，不
能被其误导，要准确判断它们之间的远近关系，确保主谓一致。
【解答策略】
确定主语的人称和数：仔细分析句子结构，找出真正的主语。像 “Tom and Jerry are good friends（汤
姆和杰瑞是好朋友）”，“Tom and Jerry” 是复数主语；而 “Each of the students has a book（每个学生都有
一本书）”，“Each of the students” 强调个体，主语视为单数。
根据主谓一致原则，选择正确的动词形式：当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it 等）时，一般现在时的
动词要加 -s 或 -es；复数主语则用动词原形（除 be 动词外，复数用 are）。例如 “He likes reading（他
喜欢阅读）”，“They like reading（他们喜欢阅读）”。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
The group of students __________ going on a field trip next week. The teacher has prepared many
interesting activities for them. Each student is excited about the trip and they have all made their own
plans.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
[解答分析]
主语：“The group of students” 虽然中心词 “group” 是单数形式，但在这里它表示的是一群学生，强调
的是多个个体，具有复数意义。类似的结构还有 “a number of + 可数名词复数” 等，在主谓一致中都要按
复数来处理。
动词形式：根据 “next week” 可知，句子描述的是将来的计划，时态为一般现在时表将来（现在进行
时表将来的一种常见用法） 。在一般现在时中，复数主语对应的 be 动词形式是 “are”。
答案：B。A 选项 “is” 用于单数主语；C 选项 “was” 是一般过去时的单数形式；D 选项 “were” 是一
般过去时的复数形式，均不符合句子的时态和主语复数的要求。
考查方式三：从句引导词的运用
【内容简析】
从句在英语句子中扮演着丰富多样的角色，而从句引导词是连接主句和从句的关键纽带，它决定了从
句的类型和意义。名词性从句在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语等成分；定语从句用于修饰名词或代词，
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对先行词进行更详细的描述；状语从句则根据不同的逻辑关系，如时间、原因、条件等，说明主句动作发
生的背景或条件。不同类型的从句需要使用特定的引导词，这是考查的重点所在。
【考查方式】
题目会给出包含从句的句子，要求学生根据从句在整个句子中的功能、意义以及与主句的逻辑关系，
从多个引导词选项中挑选出最合适的一个。
【关键提示】
准确识别从句的类型是解题的第一步，只有确定了从句是名词性从句、定语从句还是状语从句，才能
进一步根据其特点选择引导词。同时，要深入理解每个引导词的具体功能和用法，比如 “that” 在名词性从
句中有时无实际意义，只起连接作用；在定语从句中，先行词为人或物时都可能使用，但要根据从句成分
判断。
【解答策略】
名词性从句：当从句在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分时，要根据具体情况选择引导词。如果从句结
构完整，不缺成分，常用 “that” 引导（作主语时 that 一般不能省略）；从句缺主语或宾语，指物用 “what”，
指人用 “who/whom”；表示 “是否” 的含义时，用 “whether” 或 “if”（但 “whether” 可引导主语从句、表语
从句等，“if” 一般不引导主语从句） 。例如 “I know that he is a good student（我知道他是个好学生）”，从
句不缺成分用 “that”；“What he said is true（他说的是真的）”，从句缺宾语用 “what”。
定语从句：首先明确先行词是人还是物，然后看从句中缺少什么成分。若先行词是人，从句缺主语用
“who”，缺宾语用 “whom”（可省略）；先行词是物，从句缺主语或宾语用 “which”；当从句缺少时间、地点
或原因状语时，分别用 “when”“where”“why”。如 “I love the book which/that I bought yesterday（我喜欢
我昨天买的那本书）”，先行词 “book” 是物，从句缺宾语；“I remember the day when we first met（我记得
我们初次见面的那天）”，先行词 “day”，从句缺时间状语。
状语从句：根据从句表达的逻辑关系选择引导词。表示时间关系，常用 “when”“while”“as”“before”“after”
等；原因关系用 “because”“since”“as”；条件关系用 “if”“unless” 等。例如 “I will call you when I get home
（我到家就给你打电话）”，时间状语从句；“He didn't go to school because he was ill（他因为生病没去上
学）”，原因状语从句。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
I remember the day __________ we first met in the park. It was a sunny day with beautiful flowers
blooming everywhere. We talked for a long time and shared a lot of interesting things about ourselves.
A. when
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B. where
C. that
D. which
[解答分析]
从句类型：此从句修饰先行词 “the day”，用来对 “那一天” 进行更详细的描述，所以它是定语从句。
从句成分：从句 “we first met in the park” 中，“we” 是主语，“met” 是谓语，“in the park” 是地点状语，
整个句子主谓宾结构完整，但缺少一个能表示时间的状语来连接先行词 “the day”，表明 “在那一天” 我们
相遇这个时间概念。
引导词选择：“when” 在定语从句中可以充当时间状语，符合该从句的需求。
答案：A。B 选项 “where” 在定语从句中作地点状语，不符合这里缺少时间状语的情况；C 选项 “that”
和 D 选项 “which” 在定语从句中主要作主语或宾语，而此从句不缺这些成分，所以也不正确。
考查方式四：非谓语动词在句子中的作用
【内容简析】
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词、过去分词），它们虽然不能单独作谓语，但在
句子中可以充当多种其他成分，像主语、宾语、定语、状语等，为句子表达增添丰富性和多样性。不同形
式的非谓语动词具有不同的语义和语法功能，这是考查的核心要点。
【考查方式】
在完形填空题目中，会给出含有非谓语动词的句子情境，要求学生根据句子的整体结构、语义逻辑以
及非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间的关系，从选项中选择正确的非谓语动词形式。
【关键提示】
明确非谓语动词在句子中所承担的功能是解题的关键。同时，要密切关注非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间
的主动或被动关系，这会直接影响非谓语动词形式的选择。
【解答策略】
动词不定式：它常常用于表达目的、将来要发生的动作或者出现在某些固定搭配中。例如 “To get good
grades, he studies hard（为了取得好成绩，他努力学习）”，“To get good grades” 表示目的；“I want to go
shopping（我想去购物）”，“want to do sth.” 是固定搭配。
动名词：主要用于作句子的主语、宾语或者介词宾语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，如 “Reading
is a good habit（阅读是个好习惯）”；作宾语时，常见于一些动词后，像 “enjoy”“finish”“mind” 等，例如 “I
enjoy reading books（我喜欢读书）”。
分词：现在分词表示主动和正在进行的动作，过去分词表示被动和已经完成的动作。比如 “the running
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boy（正在跑步的男孩）”，“running” 表示主动和正在进行；“the broken window（破碎的窗户）”，“broken” 表
示被动和完成。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
I enjoy __________ books in my free time. Reading books allows me to explore different worlds and
gain a lot of knowledge. It also helps me relax and forget about the stress of daily life.
A. read
B. to read
C. reading
D. reads
[解答分析]
非谓语动词功能：在这个句子中，“enjoy” 是谓语动词，其后需要一个词作宾语，这里考查的是非谓语
动词作宾语的用法。
固定搭配：“enjoy doing sth.” 是一个常见的固定搭配，意思是 “喜欢做某事”，在英语表达中是约定俗成
的用法。类似的还有 “finish doing sth.（完成做某事）”“mind doing sth.（介意做某事）” 等。
答案：C。A 选项 “read” 是动词原形，不能直接放在 “enjoy” 后面作宾语；B 选项 “to read” 虽然也
是非谓语动词形式，但不符合 “enjoy” 的用法搭配；D 选项 “reads” 是第三人称单数形式，是谓语动词形
式，不能作宾语，所以 A、B、D 均不正确。
考查方式五：倒装句的句法功能
【内容简析】
倒装句是一种特殊的句子结构，通过将句子中的某些成分（如助动词、情态动词、be 动词或谓语动词）
置于主语之前，改变正常的语序，以达到强调、平衡句子结构或满足特定语法规则的目的。倒装句分为部
分倒装和完全倒装，不同类型的倒装句有各自的适用场景和结构特点。
【考查方式】
中考完形填空中，会在句首设置否定词（如 “never”“hardly”“seldom” 等）、具有否定意义的副词（如
“little”“not until” 等）或特定句型（如 “only + 状语” 位于句首的情况），要求学生根据这些条件判断句子是
否需要倒装，并选择正确的倒装结构。
【关键提示】
牢记倒装句的标志词是识别倒装句的关键。一旦看到这些标志词位于句首，就要立刻警觉起来，考虑
句子是否需要倒装以及属于哪种倒装类型。同时，要准确掌握部分倒装和完全倒装的具体结构和用法差异。
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【解答策略】
部分倒装：当句首出现否定词或具有否定意义的副词时，需要将助动词、情态动词或 be 动词置于主
语之前，句子的其他部分保持正常语序。例如 “Never have I been to Paris（我从未去过巴黎）”，“never” 位
于句首，将助动词 “have” 提到主语 “I” 之前。
完全倒装：通常用于表示地点、方向或时间的副词（如 “here”“there”“up”“down”“now”“then” 等）开头
的句子中，将谓语动词直接置于主语之前。例如 “Here comes the bus（公交车来了）”，“here” 位于句首，
谓语动词 “comes” 放在主语 “the bus” 之前。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
Never before __________ such a beautiful sunset. The sky was painted with vivid colors of orange,
pink and purple. It was a sight that I would never forget.
A. I have seen
B. have I seen
C. I saw
D. did I see
[解答分析]
倒装标志词：“Never before” 表示 “以前从未”，具有否定意义，当它位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。
部分倒装就是将助动词、情态动词或 be 动词提到主语之前，其他部分保持正常语序。
时态：从句子的语境来看，“我以前从未见过如此美丽的日落”，强调的是过去的经历对现在造成的影响，
即到现在为止都没见过这么美的日落，这种情况适合用现在完成时来表达。现在完成时的结构是 “have/has
+ 过去分词”。
答案：B。A 选项 “I have seen” 是正常语序，不符合倒装要求；C 选项 “I saw” 是一般过去时，不能
体现出对现在的影响；D 选项 “did I see” 是一般过去时的部分倒装，但时态不符合语境，所以 A、C、D 都
不正确。
考查方式六：虚拟语气的运用
【内容简析】
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用于表达与事实不符的假设、愿望、建议、命令或要求等。它通过
特定的动词形式变化来体现这种虚拟的语义，与陈述语气所表达的客观事实形成鲜明对比，在英语表达中
具有独特的语法规则和语义内涵。
【考查方式】
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在中考完形填空中，会给出含有虚拟语气的句子情境，通常在条件句或者表示建议、命令、要求等意
义的从句中，要求学生依据虚拟语气的规则，选择正确的动词形式。
【关键提示】
识别虚拟语气的标志词是解题的突破口。像 “if” 引导的条件句中，如果表达的是与事实不符的假设，
很可能要用虚拟语气；还有 “wish”“suggest”“order”“demand” 等动词后的宾语从句，也常常会用到虚拟语
气，要特别留意这些词出现的语境。
【解答策略】
含条件句的虚拟语气：当假设与现在事实相反时，从句用一般过去时（be 动词一律用 “were”），主句
用 “would/could/should/might + 动词原形”；与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），
主句用 “would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词”。例如 “If I were you, I would study harder（如果我
是你，我会更努力学习）”，与现在事实相反；“If I had known the news, I would have told you（如果我早知
道这个消息，我就会告诉你了）”，与过去事实相反。
宾语从句中的虚拟语气：在表示建议、命令、要求等动词（如 “suggest”“order”“demand”“insist” 等）
后的宾语从句中，常用 “should + 动词原形” 的结构，“should” 有时可以省略。例如 “He suggests that we
（should） go to the park（他建议我们去公园）”。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
[试题语段]
If I __________ you, I would accept the job offer. The salary is good and the working environment
seems nice. It would be a great opportunity for career development.
A. am
B. were
C. was
D. be
[解答分析]
虚拟语气类型：此句是由 “if” 引导的条件句，表达的是与现在事实相反的假设，因为在现实中 “我” 不
可能是 “你” ，这是虚拟语气在条件句中的典型用法。
动词形式：在与现在事实相反的条件句中，be 动词统一要用 “were”，不管主语是第几人称。这是虚拟
语气的特殊规定，需要牢记。
答案：B。A 选项 “am” 用于一般现在时的第一人称单数；C 选项 “was” 是一般过去时的第一、三人
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称单数形式，都不符合虚拟语气与现在事实相反时 be 动词的用法；D 选项 “be” 是动词原形，不能直接
用于这种语境，所以 A、C、D 均错误。
考查方式七：强调句的识别与运用
【内容简析】
强调句是一种用于突出句子中某一成分（如主语、宾语、状语等）的特殊句型，通过特定的结构 “It is/was
+ 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其他部分”，使被强调的部分得到强调，增强句子的表达效果和语义重点。
【考查方式】
中考完形填空中，会给出需要强调某一成分的句子情境，要求学生根据强调句的结构和句子意思，选
择正确的形式，判断 “that”“who” 等引导词的使用，或者补充完整强调句的结构。
【关键提示】
牢记强调句的标志结构 “It is/was... that/who...” 是识别强调句的关键。当看到类似结构时，要迅速判
断其是否为强调句，并分析被强调的成分，确定引导词的正确使用。
【解答策略】
识别被强调的成分：仔细分析句子，找出需要强调的部分，可以是主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语等。
例如 “It was Tom who broke the window（是汤姆打破了窗户）”，强调主语 “Tom”；“It was in the park that I
lost my keys（我是在公园里丢了钥匙）”，强调地点状语 “in the park”。
使用 “It is/was... that/who...” 结构进行强调：当被强调部分是人时，既可以用 “that” 也可以用 “who”；
被强调部分是物或其他情况时，一般用 “that”。注意，强调句去掉 “It is/was... that/who...” 结构后，句子仍
然完整，这是判断强调句的重要依据。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
It was yesterday __________ I met my old friend in the street. We hadn't seen each other for years
and we were both very excited. We talked for a long time and caught up on each other's lives.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. which
[解答分析]
强调句结构：此句符合强调句的典型结构 “It was... that...”，这里强调的是时间状语 “yesterday” 。强
调句的作用就是突出句子中的某一成分，在这个句子里就是强调 “我遇到老朋友” 这个动作发生的时间。判
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断强调句的方法是去掉 “It was... that...” 后，句子仍然完整，本句去掉后为 “I met my old friend in the street
yesterday”，句子结构和语义都完整合理。
答案：B。A 选项 “when” 引导时间状语从句或定语从句，在这里不符合强调句结构；C 选项 “where”
引导地点状语从句或定语从句；D 选项 “which” 引导定语从句，在这种强调句结构中均不适用，所以 A、
C、D 都不正确。
考查方式八：固定句型的比较与运用
【内容简析】
固定句型是英语语言在长期使用过程中形成的具有特定结构和意义的表达方式，它们在句子中起着固
定的语法和语义作用。像 “so... that...”（如此…… 以至于……）、“too... to...”（太…… 而不能……）、“not
only... but also...”（不但…… 而且……）、“either... or...”（要么…… 要么……）、“neither... nor...”（既不……
也不……）以及 “such... that...”（如此…… 以至于……）等，这些固定句型是英语表达中的重要组成部分。
它们不仅仅是一种语法结构，更承载着特定的语义逻辑，能够帮助人们更准确、更丰富地表达思想。
【考查方式】
在中考完形填空中，固定句型的考查方式较为多样。通常会给出一个含有部分固定句型结构的句子，
留出空白部分让考生选择正确的搭配。就像在给出的示例中“He is __________ tired __________ he can't
keep his eyes open.”，就是给出了句子的大致框架，让考生从选项中选择合适的固定句型来完善句子。有
时也会将固定句型与其他语法知识或词汇辨析结合起来考查，增加题目的难度和综合性。例如在一个句子中，
既考查固定句型的选择，又考查相关词汇的正确形式。同时，题目会设置一些干扰项，这些干扰项可能在
形式上与正确的固定句型相似，或者在语义上容易混淆，以此来检验考生对固定句型的掌握程度和对句子
语义的理解能力。
【关键提示】
首先，要熟练记忆各种固定句型的结构和含义，这是准确解题的基础。对于容易混淆的句型，如 “so...
that...” 和 “such... that...”，要清晰区分它们后面所接成分的不同，“so” 接形容词或副词，“such” 接
名词（名词前可有限定词）。其次，仔细分析句子的语义逻辑，判断句子想要表达的是程度与结果的关系、
并列关系还是选择关系等，从而确定应该使用哪种固定句型。再者，注意观察句子中所给的词汇和成分，
看其是否符合所选固定句型的要求。例如，如果句子中给出的是形容词，且表达程度导致的结果，那么 “so...
that...” 或 “too... to...” 可能是正确的方向；如果是名词，就要考虑 “such... that...”。另外，还要注意
固定句型中各个部分的搭配是否正确，比如 “too... to...” 中 “to” 后面必须接动词原形。
【解答策略】
理解句子含义：认真阅读整个句子，包括前后文的语境，明确句子想要表达的核心意思。比如在 “He
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is __________ tired __________ he can't keep his eyes open.” 这个句子中，通过阅读可以知道句子在
描述 “他” 因为累而出现眼睛睁不开的状况，是一种程度和结果的关系。
分析句型结构：根据句子的语义和所给的选项，分析可能适用的固定句型结构。结合这个句子，看到
选项中有 “so... that...”“too... to...”“not only... but also...”“such... that...”，从语义上判断是程度导致
结果的句型，初步确定在 “so... that...” 和 “such... that...” 以及 “too... to...” 中选择。
对比选项差异：仔细对比各个选项的具体用法和特点。“so... that...” 中 “so” 后接形容词或副词，
“such... that...” 中 “such” 后接名词，“too... to...” 后接动词原形表示否定结果。在本句中，“tired” 是
形容词，“he can't keep his eyes open” 是一个完整的句子，不是动词原形，所以 “too... to...” 不符合；
又因为 “tired” 不是名词，所以 “such... that...” 也不正确。
确定正确答案：经过前面的分析，“so... that...” 符合句子的语义和结构要求，所以选择 A 选项。在
做完选择后，最好将所选答案代入句子中，再次检查句子是否通顺、语义是否合理。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
He is __________ he can't keep his eyes open. He has been working hard all day without a break.
He really needs to get some rest.
A. so tired that
B. too tired to
C. not only tired but also
D. such tired that
[解答分析]
句意：从句子 “He is __________ he can't keep his eyes open.” 的意思来看，表达的是 “他太累了，
以至于眼睛都睁不开了” ，描述的是一种程度上的因果关系，即因为太累，所以导致眼睛睁不开的结果。
固定句型：“so... that...” 这个固定句型的意思就是 “如此…… 以至于……”，“so” 后面接形容词或副词，
“that” 引导结果状语从句，符合此句的语境和结构要求。“too... to...” 表示 “太…… 而不能……”，后面接动
词原形，例如 “He is too tired to walk（他太累了走不动）”，不符合本句结构；“not only... but also...” 表示 “不
但…… 而且……”，用于连接两个并列的成分，与本句语义不符；“such... that...” 也表示 “如此…… 以至
于……”，但 “such” 后面接名词（名词前可有限定词），例如 “such a beautiful girl that（如此漂亮的一个女
孩以至于）” ，本句中 “tired” 是形容词，所以 “such... that...” 也不合适。
答案：A。
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先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
1
I am 24 years old, and I grew up in America. Several years ago, I joined Habitat. It is an organization (组织)
that helps people in need build 1 .
For me, the idea of building other people’s houses is very 2 . In 2022, I went to Negros Island in
the Philippines as a Habitat 3 for the first time. I went back there the next year. 2024 was the 4
time that I had worked there as a helper.
The volunteers and the families on Negros Island became friends. Meeting these people was 5 for
us. We thought we went to help the people there, 6 they helped us to understand the meaning of life at
the same time. They helped us find out important things in life, such as 7 time with our family, friends
and neighbors, helping each other, and enjoying what we have. We sometimes 8 these things in our busy
life.
This time, I built a house 9 young people from around the world. In my group, there were
Filipinos, Americans, Indians, Chinese and Japanese. We worked together to build a house for a family. On the last
day, all of us stood inside the new house, having a feeling of 10 . We knew we did something truly
meaningful.
1．A．roads B．houses C．bridges D．schools
2．A．risky B．boring C．exciting D．simple
3．A．volunteer B．visitor C．engineer D．reporter
4．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
5．A．tiring B．surprising C．stressful D．wonderful
6．A．if B．or C．but D．so
7．A．wasting B．saving C．spending D．controlling
8．A．refuse B．forget C．share D．choose
9．A．by B．behind C．for D．with
10．A．trust B．fairness C．sadness D．satisfaction
2
As a British exchange student in China, I wanted to immerse (使沉浸于) myself in the local culture. One of
12 / 21
the activities my school offered was a calligraphy (书法) club, and I chose to 11 it to learn more about this
traditional Chinese art.
The calligraphy room was a quiet and peaceful place, which 12 the pleasant smell of ink and the soft
sound of brushes touching paper. Our calligraphy teacher, Mr. Li, was known for his 13 and skill.
On my first day, I watched attentively as Mr. Li 14 the art of calligraphy. He moved the brush with
grace and 15 , and the characters he created looked like beautiful paintings. I was amazed and couldn’t wait to
try it myself.
Mr. Li introduced the tools of calligraphy—the brush, ink, paper, and ink stone. He explained that these were
not just tools but the foundation (基础) of this ancient art. He taught us how to hold the brush 16 and how to
move our hands to create smooth flowing lines.
When it was my turn to try, I found it harder than it looked. My first characters were far from perfect and I
felt 17 , but Mr. Li patiently encouraged me and gave me support.
From then on, I 18 to attend the calligraphy club every week. Slowly I felt my skills improving. I
learned not only how to write the characters but also the 19 behind them. Calligraphy was more than just
20 . It was a way to express myself and connect with Chinese culture.
1．A．buy B．join C．run D．leave
2．A．was filled with B．was covered with C．was crowded with D．was made with
3．A．confidence B．difference C．patience D．bravery
4．A．viewed B．praised C．developed D．showed
5．A．difficulty B．care C．regret D．anger
6．A．happily B．silently C．usually D．correctly
7．A．surprised B．confident C．embarrassed D．interested
8．A．decided B．refused C．agreed D．pretended
9．A．reason B．history C．meaning D．purpose
10．A．painting B．reading C．showing D．writing
3
Alice is a student who came to my class last year. 1 she has already turned 60, Alice looks so fit
and happy, with a bright smile and a positive attitude. I am Alice’s teacher in class, but I feel she is my teacher in
life.
For my 2-hour class every Saturday morning, Alice has to take a 3-hour round trip on the road. But she is
13 / 21
never late for class. Alice is very 2 in learning English. She often says, “Don’t 3 me as a
60-year-old woman. I am just a new beginner. You know, I am very excited to come to the class!” So I feel a strong
sense of 4 to make sure what I teach is useful to her.
Alice came to me with very 5 English skills. However, she turns out to be a very fast learner
because she always puts English 6 in her daily life. I check her homework before every class. Her
homework is usually not what I gave for the class. It is something that she 7 to put together. She makes
various sentences using the important words and expressions she learned from our class. I am always 8
by her work.
I feel lucky to have a student like Alice. She has 9 me so much. Our interaction (相互作用) is a
great learning experience for both of us. I have no idea why she learns English, but I hope I can help her 10
her dream, whatever it is.
1．A．When B．Since C．Before D．Though
2．A．busy B．interested C．proud D．worried
3．A．realize B．mistake C．treat D．describe
4．A．safety B．direction C．duty D．humor
5．A．special B．basic C．good D．wonderful
6．A．in peace B．in silence C．in use D．in order
7．A．volunteers B．promises C．agrees D．hopes
8．A．remembered B．refused C．moved D．improved
9．A．taught B．allowed C．learned D．taken
10．A．get into the habit of B．find out C．keep clear of D．get closer to
4
At the end of my first year of high school, I realized I needed to find a summer job. I was tired of having to
ask my parents for 1 . I wanted to go to the shopping center or movies with friends without having to ask
for $20 from my parents. I imagined having a job at a store or at a summer camp where I could play games with
children. But what actually happened was 2 . The only job I managed to find was cleaning up tables at a
local 3 .
At first, the idea of clearing tables upset me. The thought of getting up at dawn to go to clean up made me
4 ever asking for a job. The first day was terribly busy. I was running around, racing to get a table ready for
the waiting customers. I will never forget how 5 I felt that day, but I’ll also never forget sitting down
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6 lunch with my co-workers for the first time. People at my age or ten years older all sat together and talked
about their days. All of a sudden I was a part of that, and it felt good to be so 7 .
I’ ve now worked at the restaurant for almost one year. I’ve learned to be happy about getting up so early,
because I know there’re going to be a few good 8 every day there.
From starting there as a shy student, I’ve been able to grow into a person that can go up and 9
anyone at work or anywhere else. I’m also not as sensitive (敏感的) as I used to be. Getting an impolite customer
might make me feel bad, but very soon I can laugh it off with my co-workers.
The little job has given me so much, and I can’t wait to go back and continue to 10 from my
experience.
1．A．food B．money C．attention D．care
2．A．exciting B．encouraging C．disappointing D．surprising
3．A．restaurant B．cinema C．theatre D．hotel
4．A．forget B．enjoy C．realize D．regret
5．A．tired B．relaxed C．curious D．bored
6．A．of B．with C．for D．as
7．A．loved B．included C．needed D．required
8．A．dishes B．choices C．moments D．time
9．A．find B．own C．push D．greet
10．A．grow B．stand C．hide D．bring
5
In recent years, more and more people have shown great kindness to stray (流浪的) animals. They 1
to give food to those homeless cats and dogs, or find warm places for them to stay. It’s really nice to see such
2 as they show people’s love for animals.
But sometimes, things don’t go as 3 as we think. In some places, people find a lot of stray animals
in public areas, like in the community’s gardens. As a result, there is 4 everywhere after they eat. The
places become and give out bad smells. This 5 the life of the people living there. They can’t even open
their windows to get some 6 air.
So we need to know that when we show love to stray animals, we can’t 7 others. For example, we
can 8 the local animal centers and let them know where the stray animals munities can also
work together to 9 the problem, such as organizing adoption (收养) events or building feeding areas.
15 / 21
In a word, it’s great to show love to stray animals, but it’s also 10 to make sure that everyone’s
life should be comfortable. Only in this way can both people and stray animals live happily together.
1．A．choose B．expect C．agree D．fail
2．A．surveys B．tests C．words D．acts
3．A．fast B．hard C．well D．deep
4．A．smoke B．rubbish C．wood D．cheese
5．A．improves B．influences C．guards D．continues
6．A．dry B．cool C．thin D．fresh
7．A．treat B．thank C．trouble D．follow
8．A．control B．call C．satisfy D．serve
9．A．explain B．present C．cause D．solve
10．A．natural B．difficult C．necessary D．wrong
6
Six years ago after hosting a school’s ceremony, I found my 1 leg was a little swollen (肿胀的),
and very soon I could 2 walk. In fact, the swollen part became a 10-centimeter meatball that was 3
so much so that I could not sleep. Of course, I went to a local hospital, where I was given very 4 news.
This growth was a malignant tumor (恶性肿瘤) .
Over the next two years,I received chemotherapy (化疗), and it was the worst time of my life. I felt that the
pain was killing me. I lost all my body hair. I no longer needed a 5 to wake up in the morning. Instead
what woke me was my body telling me I needed to vomit (呕) .
For some 6 , my parents had to go back to work to make money, and for a long time, I faced my
time in hospital alone. Yet I acted like a warrior (战士) in fighting against all of this. So over the next two years, I
received 21 courses of chemotherapy and had three operations (手术).
Finally, I was able to 7 to school and made many new friends, and to my surprise, I could finally
walk 8 , and my left leg looked perfectly normal.
I have been so lucky to be able to find the strength and 9 to deal with all of this, and I can tell
anyone still fighting against difficulties: 10 in yourself and do not let bad moments make you down. Just
hang on and you will come through.
1．A．left B．right C．both D．either
2．A．always B．often C．usually D．hardly
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3．A．ugly B．painful C．useless D．meaningless
4．A．exciting B．wonderful C．special D．terrible
5．A．computer B．clock C．chalk D．heater
6．A．results B．reasons C．doubt D．opinions
7．A．return B．start C．protect D．create
8．A．quickly B．normally C．gradually D．especially
9．A．belief B．relax C．courage D．weight
10．A．fight B．produce C．believe D．understand
7
Miller is a successful businessman who is always busy with his work. One day, he 1 to spare
some time and went with his father to a nice restaurant for a meal.
When they walked into the restaurant, they heard beautiful music. A 2 was standing in a corner of
the restaurant. She was playing with all her 3 . The customers in the restaurant were all 4 in
the wonderful music.
While enjoying the music, Miller’s memories came back 5 tides(潮水). He remembered that he
had once been 6 about the violin. Back then, he would spend a lot of time 7 the violin every
day. He could feel the 8 and joy deep in his heart every time he played. 9 , as time went by, he
gradually put all his energies into business. Finally, he had to 10 his beloved violin in order to build his
career (事业).
At this moment, he couldn’t help but say to his father ,“ 11 I had kept up with the violin, maybe I
would be playing beautifully here now. ”“Yes, my child,” his father 12 , with his eyes full of love and
understanding, Then the father 13 slowly,“But there is no ‘if’ in our life.”
What the father said is 14 . Life is full of different choices. People can take completely different
paths (小路) and live quite different lives. But everyone should keep this in mind: There is no “if” in life and every
choice has its 15 . The best thing to do is to enjoy what we have in the moment.else knows.
1．A．managed B．refused C．forgot D．hoped
2．A．drummer B．singer C．pianist D．violinist
3．A．money B．heart C．time D．pride
4．A．found B．kept C．caught D．lost
5．A．up B．after C．like D．with
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6．A．nervous B．certain C．crazy D．honest
7．A．practicing B．repairing C．making D．teaching
8．A．imagination B．satisfaction C．surprise D．anger
9．A．Also B．Suddenly C．Luckily D．However
10．A．give up B．pick up C．hold up D．set up
11．A．Unless B．So C．If D．When
12．A．nodded B．cried C．laughed D．asked
13．A．continued B．compared C．regretted D．started
14．A．true B．meaningless C．unbelievable D．necessary
15．A．excuse B．method C．meaning D．problem
8
“Class, we’re going to the Opera House to enjoy a ballet performance!” Mrs. Periwinkle announced.
The classroom was full of excitement. “Ballet Really ” Ricardo 1 a smile, trying to hide his true
feelings. As the star player on the soccer team, he considered ballet very boring.
However, as the class entered the Opera House, Ricardo was amazed by the 2 building’s high
ceilings and fancy decorations (华丽的装饰). Then his eyes were 3 to the stage—the dancers were
moving so 4 and beautifully!
That night, Ricardo lay in bed and those dancers’ strength and grace (优雅) filled his mind, creating a lasting
impression on him. “What if I try ballet ” the boy was 5 at this sudden thought, “What will my friends
say They’ll probably laugh at me!”
However, the idea 6 go away. So he 7 signed up for ballet classes. Everything was
hard at the start, but his athletic skills from soccer helped him 8 in ballet. With each lesson. Ricardo
grew more confident. He loved the 9 and excitement of mastering each new step.
One afternoon, during soccer practice, his teammates noticed he was 10 “Where’s Ricardo ”
“I saw his name on a poster for a ballet performance!”one of them called.
“Ricardo Ballet ” the boys decided to check it out.
On the night of the performance, Ricardo’s heart raced as he stepped onto the stage. Then the boy 11
—his teammates were in the audience! Fears almost took over Ricardo, but he took a deep breath and 12
the music. He danced with all his heart, losing himself in the rhythm (韵律).
After the curtain fell, his friends rushed backstage to congratulate. Their cheers filled the room and Ricardo
18 / 21
felt the 13 spread through him. At that moment, he realized that following his love didn’t have to be
14 . With the friends’ support, he felt ready to 15 every part of who he was!
1．A．weighted B．prevented C．forced D．greeted
2．A．familiar B．magical C．common D．strange
3．A．glued B．carried C．listed D．served
4．A．gradually B．heavily C．painfully D．smoothly
5．A．treated B．fooled C．comforted D．shocked
6．A．wouldn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
7．A．hardly B．secretly C．luckily D．wisely
8．A．fail B．side C．mix D．improve
9．A．pressure B．worry C．challenge D．punishment
10．A．curious B．absent C．free D．anxious
11．A．relaxed B．lost C．calmed D．froze
12．A．focused on B．set off C．turned off D．put on
13．A．doubt B．fear C．warmth D．energy
14．A．embarrassing B．satisfying C．surprising D．confusing
15．A．trade B．explore C．hide D．manage
9
Once upon a time, there was a young boy who lived in a small village. He was known for his curiosity and
adventurous (敢于冒险的) spirit.
One day, he went to the woods near his home and unexpectedly saw a golden key under a tree. He 1
it up and wanted to find out what it could unlock. The boy rushed home to show the 2 to his mother.
“Look what I found! Maybe it can open a 3 door to a magical world,” he said to his mother excitedly.
His mother smiled but said, “The key is 4 , but not everything needs to be unlocked. There isn’t
any magical world.”
The boy decided to 5 a lock or door that would fit his golden key. He spent several days exploring
the 6 , asking every villager if they knew of any mysterious (神秘的) doors or locks.
One afternoon, an old man said to the boy, “There is an old door at the edge (边缘) of the 7 . It has
not been opened for many years. Perhaps your key can 8 the door.”
The next day, the boy hurried to the forest. He finally arrived at a large wooden door, The door looked
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9 and mysterious. He put the golden key into the lock and 10 it gently. To his surprise, the door
was opened. As soon as he opened the door, the golden key disappeared.
The boy couldn’t believe his 11 when he opened the door and went inside. What a magical place!
He 12 some strange flowers and cute animals. A fairy (精灵) 13 him and said,“Welcome
here and enjoy yourself.” After staying there for some time, the boy went back home 14 .
The boy thought what he saw was valuable 15 he lost the golden key. He would keep his curiosity
and adventurous spirit because he believed they could bring him more surprises!
1．A．picked B．fixed C．looked D．cleaned
2．A．note B．key C．lock D．tree
3．A．wide B．black C．secret D．heavy
4．A．lovely B．terrible C．awful D．smart
5．A．set up B．clear out C．search for D．put away
6．A．yard B．house C．farm D．village
7．A．forest B．country C．mountain D．garden
8．A．move B．open C．close D．change
9．A．common B．modern C．usual D．ancient
10．A．heated B．checked C．turned D．kicked
11．A．hands B．words C．ears D．eyes
12．A．saw B．hid C．sold D．bought
13．A．dressed B．greeted C．excused D．forced
14．A．madly B．angrily C．happily D．nervously
15．A．until B．after C．before D．although
10
As a small child, I was very 1 . I always got the best for myself. Slowly, everyone left me and I had
no 2 . One day, my father cooked two bowls of noodles. One had an egg on top while 3 had
none. He asked me to choose a bowl of noodles. Because eggs were 4 to come by those days, I chose the
bowl with an egg! To my surprise, my father’s bowl of noodles had two eggs at the 5 of the bowl! My
father said, “My child, if you make a habit of taking advantage of (占……的便宜) people, you will end up losing.”
The next day, my father again cooked two bowls of noodles: one has an egg on top and the other has 6
egg on top. Again, he asked me to choose. I was 7 this time and chose the bowl without an egg on top.
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But there wasn’t even a single egg at the bottom of the bowl! I was a little 8 . My father said, “My child,
you mustn’t always 9 your past experience because life can cheat you.” The third day, my father cooked
two bowls of noodles again: one with an egg on top and the other with no egg on top. 10 he asked me to
choose, I made a quick decision. “Dad, you choose first. You do the most 11 our family,” I said. My
father was very 12 . He chose the bowl with one egg on top. But as I ate my bowl of noodles, I 13
two eggs in the bowl. We 14 smiled. My father said, “My child, you must remember that when you do
something for the good of others, good things will 15 happen to you.” I always remember these three
sentences of my father.
1．A．clever B．selfish C．curious D．generous
2．A．friends B．parents C．brothers D．sisters
3．A．one B．the other C．others D．another
4．A．new B．old C．hard D．easy
5．A．middle B．top C．end D．bottom
6．A．no B．one C．three D．two
7．A．crazier B．earlier C．smarter D．friendlier
8．A．afraid B．surprised C．proud D．relaxed
9．A．agree with B．look for C．check out D．depend on
10．A．When B．Although C．Unless D．Because
11．A．with B．from C．for D．of
12．A．strict B．silly C．nervous D．satisfied
13．A．found B．hid C．offered D．showed
14．A．all B．both C．neither D．either
15．A．necessarily B．recently C．naturally D．hardly
21 / 21专题 句法结构的考查分析
(完形填空关键策略分析 2)
中考英语完形填空中句法结构的考查分析
中考英语完形填空对句法结构的考查途径主要包括：通过复合句引导词（如定语从句关系代词 / 副词、
名词性从句连接词、状语从句从属连词）的选择，考查考生对主从复合句逻辑关系的理解；借助 时态与语
态一致性，要求考生根据上下文时间线索或动作主被动关系确定动词形式；通过主谓一致 规则（如主语单
复数与谓语动词的匹配）检验语法准确性；设置非谓语动词考点（如不定式、动名词、分词的句法功能），
考查其在句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语的正确用法；涉及特殊句型结构（如倒装句、强调句、省略句）
及 并列句逻辑衔接词（如 and, but, or 等）的选择，要求考生依据句子结构关系和语义逻辑完成句法补全，
综合考查对句子内部结构及句间语法关联的分析能力。下面选取部分内容进行分析：
考查方式一：时态和语态的运用
【内容简析】
动词的时态与语态是英语表达中极为关键的部分。时态用于明确动作发生的时间范畴，像一般现在时
描述现阶段经常发生或存在的动作、状态；过去时聚焦过去某个时间点或时间段内发生的动作；将来时则
着眼于尚未发生的动作。语态方面，主动语态强调主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态突出主语是动作的承
受者。在中考英语完形填空中，对时态和语态的考查旨在检验学生能否依据具体语境，准确选择合适的动
词形式来传达正确的语义。
【考查方式】
题目会巧妙地在上下文设置时间状语，以此暗示动作发生的时间，比如 “yesterday（昨天）”“last week
（上周）”“now（现在）”“tomorrow（明天）” 等标志性词汇，要求学生敏锐捕捉这些信息来确定时态。同时，
通过分析动作的执行者与承受者之间的关系，判断是使用主动语态还是被动语态。
【关键提示】
做题时，学生务必高度关注时间状语，它就像是解题的 “指南针”，能精准指引动作发生的时间方向。
此外，仔细梳理上下文动作发生的先后顺序，这对于确定复杂语境中的时态起着关键作用。同时，清晰分
辨主语与动词之间的逻辑联系，明确主语到底是动作的发出者还是接受者，这是判断语态的核心要点。
【解答策略】
精准识别时间标志词是确定时态的关键步骤。当看到 “yesterday”“last night（昨晚）” 这类词汇，就能
迅速判断动作发生在过去，应优先考虑过去时态；“now”“at present（目前）” 则提示是现在进行的动作，要
用现在进行时；而 “tomorrow”“next week（下周）” 等词，表明动作还未发生，需选择将来时态。
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认真分析句子结构，确定主语与动词的关系。若主语是动作的执行者，就采用主动语态；若主语是动
作的承受者，那就得使用被动语态。比如 “The boy kicked the ball（男孩踢了球）”，男孩是踢这个动作的执
行者，用主动语态；“The ball was kicked by the boy（球被男孩踢了）”，球是承受者，要用被动语态。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
Last night, I __________ a movie and it was very interesting. The movie was about a brave
detective who solved a mysterious case. I had been looking forward to watching it for a long time.
A. watch
B. watched
C. have watched
D. will watch
[解答分析]
时间状语：“Last night” 明确无误地表明动作发生在过去。在这个句子里，它是判断时态的关键依据。
而且结合整个语境，“我看电影” 这个动作就是单纯在昨晚发生，没有对现在造成持续影响，也不存在和过去
其他动作的先后对比等复杂情况。
时态选择：一般过去时用于描述过去某个特定时间发生的动作，所以这里应该用一般过去时。
答案：B。“watched” 是 “watch” 的一般过去式，符合句子的时态要求。而 A 选项 “watch” 是动词原
形，用于一般现在时；C 选项 “have watched” 是现在完成时，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响；D
选项 “will watch” 是一般将来时，表示尚未发生的动作，均不符合 “Last night” 这个时间状语所限定的时态。
考查方式二：主谓一致与句子意义的统一
【内容简析】
主谓一致是英语句子结构的基本规则之一，要求主语和谓语动词在人称和数上保持协调一致。这意味着，
单数主语要搭配单数形式的谓语动词，复数主语则要与复数形式的谓语动词相匹配，这样才能保证句子表
达准确、逻辑清晰。
【考查方式】
中考完形填空中，会给出各种形式的主语，有简单的单数或复数名词作主语，也有像 “the group of...”“a
number of...” 这类容易混淆单复数概念的短语作主语的情况。学生需要依据主语的实际单复数形式，挑选
出与之对应的正确动词形式。
【关键提示】
在分析句子时，首先要精准判断主语是单数还是复数。对于一些特殊的主语形式，如集体名词，要根
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据其在语境中的具体含义来确定单复数。同时，注意主语与谓语动词之间可能存在插入语等干扰成分，不
能被其误导，要准确判断它们之间的远近关系，确保主谓一致。
【解答策略】
确定主语的人称和数：仔细分析句子结构，找出真正的主语。像 “Tom and Jerry are good friends（汤
姆和杰瑞是好朋友）”，“Tom and Jerry” 是复数主语；而 “Each of the students has a book（每个学生都有
一本书）”，“Each of the students” 强调个体，主语视为单数。
根据主谓一致原则，选择正确的动词形式：当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it 等）时，一般现在时的
动词要加 -s 或 -es；复数主语则用动词原形（除 be 动词外，复数用 are）。例如 “He likes reading（他
喜欢阅读）”，“They like reading（他们喜欢阅读）”。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
The group of students __________ going on a field trip next week. The teacher has prepared many
interesting activities for them. Each student is excited about the trip and they have all made their own
plans.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
[解答分析]
主语：“The group of students” 虽然中心词 “group” 是单数形式，但在这里它表示的是一群学生，强调
的是多个个体，具有复数意义。类似的结构还有 “a number of + 可数名词复数” 等，在主谓一致中都要按
复数来处理。
动词形式：根据 “next week” 可知，句子描述的是将来的计划，时态为一般现在时表将来（现在进行
时表将来的一种常见用法） 。在一般现在时中，复数主语对应的 be 动词形式是 “are”。
答案：B。A 选项 “is” 用于单数主语；C 选项 “was” 是一般过去时的单数形式；D 选项 “were” 是一
般过去时的复数形式，均不符合句子的时态和主语复数的要求。
考查方式三：从句引导词的运用
【内容简析】
从句在英语句子中扮演着丰富多样的角色，而从句引导词是连接主句和从句的关键纽带，它决定了从
句的类型和意义。名词性从句在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语等成分；定语从句用于修饰名词或代词，
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对先行词进行更详细的描述；状语从句则根据不同的逻辑关系，如时间、原因、条件等，说明主句动作发
生的背景或条件。不同类型的从句需要使用特定的引导词，这是考查的重点所在。
【考查方式】
题目会给出包含从句的句子，要求学生根据从句在整个句子中的功能、意义以及与主句的逻辑关系，
从多个引导词选项中挑选出最合适的一个。
【关键提示】
准确识别从句的类型是解题的第一步，只有确定了从句是名词性从句、定语从句还是状语从句，才能
进一步根据其特点选择引导词。同时，要深入理解每个引导词的具体功能和用法，比如 “that” 在名词性从
句中有时无实际意义，只起连接作用；在定语从句中，先行词为人或物时都可能使用，但要根据从句成分
判断。
【解答策略】
名词性从句：当从句在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分时，要根据具体情况选择引导词。如果从句结
构完整，不缺成分，常用 “that” 引导（作主语时 that 一般不能省略）；从句缺主语或宾语，指物用 “what”，
指人用 “who/whom”；表示 “是否” 的含义时，用 “whether” 或 “if”（但 “whether” 可引导主语从句、表语
从句等，“if” 一般不引导主语从句） 。例如 “I know that he is a good student（我知道他是个好学生）”，从
句不缺成分用 “that”；“What he said is true（他说的是真的）”，从句缺宾语用 “what”。
定语从句：首先明确先行词是人还是物，然后看从句中缺少什么成分。若先行词是人，从句缺主语用
“who”，缺宾语用 “whom”（可省略）；先行词是物，从句缺主语或宾语用 “which”；当从句缺少时间、地点
或原因状语时，分别用 “when”“where”“why”。如 “I love the book which/that I bought yesterday（我喜欢
我昨天买的那本书）”，先行词 “book” 是物，从句缺宾语；“I remember the day when we first met（我记得
我们初次见面的那天）”，先行词 “day”，从句缺时间状语。
状语从句：根据从句表达的逻辑关系选择引导词。表示时间关系，常用 “when”“while”“as”“before”“after”
等；原因关系用 “because”“since”“as”；条件关系用 “if”“unless” 等。例如 “I will call you when I get home
（我到家就给你打电话）”，时间状语从句；“He didn't go to school because he was ill（他因为生病没去上
学）”，原因状语从句。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
I remember the day __________ we first met in the park. It was a sunny day with beautiful flowers
blooming everywhere. We talked for a long time and shared a lot of interesting things about ourselves.
A. when
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B. where
C. that
D. which
[解答分析]
从句类型：此从句修饰先行词 “the day”，用来对 “那一天” 进行更详细的描述，所以它是定语从句。
从句成分：从句 “we first met in the park” 中，“we” 是主语，“met” 是谓语，“in the park” 是地点状语，
整个句子主谓宾结构完整，但缺少一个能表示时间的状语来连接先行词 “the day”，表明 “在那一天” 我们
相遇这个时间概念。
引导词选择：“when” 在定语从句中可以充当时间状语，符合该从句的需求。
答案：A。B 选项 “where” 在定语从句中作地点状语，不符合这里缺少时间状语的情况；C 选项 “that”
和 D 选项 “which” 在定语从句中主要作主语或宾语，而此从句不缺这些成分，所以也不正确。
考查方式四：非谓语动词在句子中的作用
【内容简析】
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词、过去分词），它们虽然不能单独作谓语，但在
句子中可以充当多种其他成分，像主语、宾语、定语、状语等，为句子表达增添丰富性和多样性。不同形
式的非谓语动词具有不同的语义和语法功能，这是考查的核心要点。
【考查方式】
在完形填空题目中，会给出含有非谓语动词的句子情境，要求学生根据句子的整体结构、语义逻辑以
及非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间的关系，从选项中选择正确的非谓语动词形式。
【关键提示】
明确非谓语动词在句子中所承担的功能是解题的关键。同时，要密切关注非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间
的主动或被动关系，这会直接影响非谓语动词形式的选择。
【解答策略】
动词不定式：它常常用于表达目的、将来要发生的动作或者出现在某些固定搭配中。例如 “To get good
grades, he studies hard（为了取得好成绩，他努力学习）”，“To get good grades” 表示目的；“I want to go
shopping（我想去购物）”，“want to do sth.” 是固定搭配。
动名词：主要用于作句子的主语、宾语或者介词宾语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，如 “Reading
is a good habit（阅读是个好习惯）”；作宾语时，常见于一些动词后，像 “enjoy”“finish”“mind” 等，例如 “I
enjoy reading books（我喜欢读书）”。
分词：现在分词表示主动和正在进行的动作，过去分词表示被动和已经完成的动作。比如 “the running
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boy（正在跑步的男孩）”，“running” 表示主动和正在进行；“the broken window（破碎的窗户）”，“broken” 表
示被动和完成。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
I enjoy __________ books in my free time. Reading books allows me to explore different worlds and
gain a lot of knowledge. It also helps me relax and forget about the stress of daily life.
A. read
B. to read
C. reading
D. reads
[解答分析]
非谓语动词功能：在这个句子中，“enjoy” 是谓语动词，其后需要一个词作宾语，这里考查的是非谓语
动词作宾语的用法。
固定搭配：“enjoy doing sth.” 是一个常见的固定搭配，意思是 “喜欢做某事”，在英语表达中是约定俗成
的用法。类似的还有 “finish doing sth.（完成做某事）”“mind doing sth.（介意做某事）” 等。
答案：C。A 选项 “read” 是动词原形，不能直接放在 “enjoy” 后面作宾语；B 选项 “to read” 虽然也
是非谓语动词形式，但不符合 “enjoy” 的用法搭配；D 选项 “reads” 是第三人称单数形式，是谓语动词形
式，不能作宾语，所以 A、B、D 均不正确。
考查方式五：倒装句的句法功能
【内容简析】
倒装句是一种特殊的句子结构，通过将句子中的某些成分（如助动词、情态动词、be 动词或谓语动词）
置于主语之前，改变正常的语序，以达到强调、平衡句子结构或满足特定语法规则的目的。倒装句分为部
分倒装和完全倒装，不同类型的倒装句有各自的适用场景和结构特点。
【考查方式】
中考完形填空中，会在句首设置否定词（如 “never”“hardly”“seldom” 等）、具有否定意义的副词（如
“little”“not until” 等）或特定句型（如 “only + 状语” 位于句首的情况），要求学生根据这些条件判断句子是
否需要倒装，并选择正确的倒装结构。
【关键提示】
牢记倒装句的标志词是识别倒装句的关键。一旦看到这些标志词位于句首，就要立刻警觉起来，考虑
句子是否需要倒装以及属于哪种倒装类型。同时，要准确掌握部分倒装和完全倒装的具体结构和用法差异。
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【解答策略】
部分倒装：当句首出现否定词或具有否定意义的副词时，需要将助动词、情态动词或 be 动词置于主
语之前，句子的其他部分保持正常语序。例如 “Never have I been to Paris（我从未去过巴黎）”，“never” 位
于句首，将助动词 “have” 提到主语 “I” 之前。
完全倒装：通常用于表示地点、方向或时间的副词（如 “here”“there”“up”“down”“now”“then” 等）开头
的句子中，将谓语动词直接置于主语之前。例如 “Here comes the bus（公交车来了）”，“here” 位于句首，
谓语动词 “comes” 放在主语 “the bus” 之前。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
Never before __________ such a beautiful sunset. The sky was painted with vivid colors of orange,
pink and purple. It was a sight that I would never forget.
A. I have seen
B. have I seen
C. I saw
D. did I see
[解答分析]
倒装标志词：“Never before” 表示 “以前从未”，具有否定意义，当它位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。
部分倒装就是将助动词、情态动词或 be 动词提到主语之前，其他部分保持正常语序。
时态：从句子的语境来看，“我以前从未见过如此美丽的日落”，强调的是过去的经历对现在造成的影响，
即到现在为止都没见过这么美的日落，这种情况适合用现在完成时来表达。现在完成时的结构是 “have/has
+ 过去分词”。
答案：B。A 选项 “I have seen” 是正常语序，不符合倒装要求；C 选项 “I saw” 是一般过去时，不能
体现出对现在的影响；D 选项 “did I see” 是一般过去时的部分倒装，但时态不符合语境，所以 A、C、D 都
不正确。
考查方式六：虚拟语气的运用
【内容简析】
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用于表达与事实不符的假设、愿望、建议、命令或要求等。它通过
特定的动词形式变化来体现这种虚拟的语义，与陈述语气所表达的客观事实形成鲜明对比，在英语表达中
具有独特的语法规则和语义内涵。
【考查方式】
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在中考完形填空中，会给出含有虚拟语气的句子情境，通常在条件句或者表示建议、命令、要求等意
义的从句中，要求学生依据虚拟语气的规则，选择正确的动词形式。
【关键提示】
识别虚拟语气的标志词是解题的突破口。像 “if” 引导的条件句中，如果表达的是与事实不符的假设，
很可能要用虚拟语气；还有 “wish”“suggest”“order”“demand” 等动词后的宾语从句，也常常会用到虚拟语
气，要特别留意这些词出现的语境。
【解答策略】
含条件句的虚拟语气：当假设与现在事实相反时，从句用一般过去时（be 动词一律用 “were”），主句
用 “would/could/should/might + 动词原形”；与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），
主句用 “would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词”。例如 “If I were you, I would study harder（如果我
是你，我会更努力学习）”，与现在事实相反；“If I had known the news, I would have told you（如果我早知
道这个消息，我就会告诉你了）”，与过去事实相反。
宾语从句中的虚拟语气：在表示建议、命令、要求等动词（如 “suggest”“order”“demand”“insist” 等）
后的宾语从句中，常用 “should + 动词原形” 的结构，“should” 有时可以省略。例如 “He suggests that we
（should） go to the park（他建议我们去公园）”。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
[试题语段]
If I __________ you, I would accept the job offer. The salary is good and the working environment
seems nice. It would be a great opportunity for career development.
A. am
B. were
C. was
D. be
[解答分析]
虚拟语气类型：此句是由 “if” 引导的条件句，表达的是与现在事实相反的假设，因为在现实中 “我” 不
可能是 “你” ，这是虚拟语气在条件句中的典型用法。
动词形式：在与现在事实相反的条件句中，be 动词统一要用 “were”，不管主语是第几人称。这是虚拟
语气的特殊规定，需要牢记。
答案：B。A 选项 “am” 用于一般现在时的第一人称单数；C 选项 “was” 是一般过去时的第一、三人
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称单数形式，都不符合虚拟语气与现在事实相反时 be 动词的用法；D 选项 “be” 是动词原形，不能直接
用于这种语境，所以 A、C、D 均错误。
考查方式七：强调句的识别与运用
【内容简析】
强调句是一种用于突出句子中某一成分（如主语、宾语、状语等）的特殊句型，通过特定的结构 “It is/was
+ 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其他部分”，使被强调的部分得到强调，增强句子的表达效果和语义重点。
【考查方式】
中考完形填空中，会给出需要强调某一成分的句子情境，要求学生根据强调句的结构和句子意思，选
择正确的形式，判断 “that”“who” 等引导词的使用，或者补充完整强调句的结构。
【关键提示】
牢记强调句的标志结构 “It is/was... that/who...” 是识别强调句的关键。当看到类似结构时，要迅速判
断其是否为强调句，并分析被强调的成分，确定引导词的正确使用。
【解答策略】
识别被强调的成分：仔细分析句子，找出需要强调的部分，可以是主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语等。
例如 “It was Tom who broke the window（是汤姆打破了窗户）”，强调主语 “Tom”；“It was in the park that I
lost my keys（我是在公园里丢了钥匙）”，强调地点状语 “in the park”。
使用 “It is/was... that/who...” 结构进行强调：当被强调部分是人时，既可以用 “that” 也可以用 “who”；
被强调部分是物或其他情况时，一般用 “that”。注意，强调句去掉 “It is/was... that/who...” 结构后，句子仍
然完整，这是判断强调句的重要依据。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
It was yesterday __________ I met my old friend in the street. We hadn't seen each other for years
and we were both very excited. We talked for a long time and caught up on each other's lives.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. which
[解答分析]
强调句结构：此句符合强调句的典型结构 “It was... that...”，这里强调的是时间状语 “yesterday” 。强
调句的作用就是突出句子中的某一成分，在这个句子里就是强调 “我遇到老朋友” 这个动作发生的时间。判
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断强调句的方法是去掉 “It was... that...” 后，句子仍然完整，本句去掉后为 “I met my old friend in the street
yesterday”，句子结构和语义都完整合理。
答案：B。A 选项 “when” 引导时间状语从句或定语从句，在这里不符合强调句结构；C 选项 “where”
引导地点状语从句或定语从句；D 选项 “which” 引导定语从句，在这种强调句结构中均不适用，所以 A、
C、D 都不正确。
考查方式八：固定句型的比较与运用
【内容简析】
固定句型是英语语言在长期使用过程中形成的具有特定结构和意义的表达方式，它们在句子中起着固
定的语法和语义作用。像 “so... that...”（如此…… 以至于……）、“too... to...”（太…… 而不能……）、“not
only... but also...”（不但…… 而且……）、“either... or...”（要么…… 要么……）、“neither... nor...”（既不……
也不……）以及 “such... that...”（如此…… 以至于……）等，这些固定句型是英语表达中的重要组成部分。
它们不仅仅是一种语法结构，更承载着特定的语义逻辑，能够帮助人们更准确、更丰富地表达思想。
【考查方式】
在中考完形填空中，固定句型的考查方式较为多样。通常会给出一个含有部分固定句型结构的句子，
留出空白部分让考生选择正确的搭配。就像在给出的示例中“He is __________ tired __________ he can't
keep his eyes open.”，就是给出了句子的大致框架，让考生从选项中选择合适的固定句型来完善句子。有
时也会将固定句型与其他语法知识或词汇辨析结合起来考查，增加题目的难度和综合性。例如在一个句子中，
既考查固定句型的选择，又考查相关词汇的正确形式。同时，题目会设置一些干扰项，这些干扰项可能在
形式上与正确的固定句型相似，或者在语义上容易混淆，以此来检验考生对固定句型的掌握程度和对句子
语义的理解能力。
【关键提示】
首先，要熟练记忆各种固定句型的结构和含义，这是准确解题的基础。对于容易混淆的句型，如 “so...
that...” 和 “such... that...”，要清晰区分它们后面所接成分的不同，“so” 接形容词或副词，“such” 接
名词（名词前可有限定词）。其次，仔细分析句子的语义逻辑，判断句子想要表达的是程度与结果的关系、
并列关系还是选择关系等，从而确定应该使用哪种固定句型。再者，注意观察句子中所给的词汇和成分，
看其是否符合所选固定句型的要求。例如，如果句子中给出的是形容词，且表达程度导致的结果，那么 “so...
that...” 或 “too... to...” 可能是正确的方向；如果是名词，就要考虑 “such... that...”。另外，还要注意
固定句型中各个部分的搭配是否正确，比如 “too... to...” 中 “to” 后面必须接动词原形。
【解答策略】
理解句子含义：认真阅读整个句子，包括前后文的语境，明确句子想要表达的核心意思。比如在 “He
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is __________ tired __________ he can't keep his eyes open.” 这个句子中，通过阅读可以知道句子在
描述 “他” 因为累而出现眼睛睁不开的状况，是一种程度和结果的关系。
分析句型结构：根据句子的语义和所给的选项，分析可能适用的固定句型结构。结合这个句子，看到
选项中有 “so... that...”“too... to...”“not only... but also...”“such... that...”，从语义上判断是程度导致
结果的句型，初步确定在 “so... that...” 和 “such... that...” 以及 “too... to...” 中选择。
对比选项差异：仔细对比各个选项的具体用法和特点。“so... that...” 中 “so” 后接形容词或副词，
“such... that...” 中 “such” 后接名词，“too... to...” 后接动词原形表示否定结果。在本句中，“tired” 是
形容词，“he can't keep his eyes open” 是一个完整的句子，不是动词原形，所以 “too... to...” 不符合；
又因为 “tired” 不是名词，所以 “such... that...” 也不正确。
确定正确答案：经过前面的分析，“so... that...” 符合句子的语义和结构要求，所以选择 A 选项。在
做完选择后，最好将所选答案代入句子中，再次检查句子是否通顺、语义是否合理。
【示例分析】
[试题语段]
He is __________ he can't keep his eyes open. He has been working hard all day without a break.
He really needs to get some rest.
A. so tired that
B. too tired to
C. not only tired but also
D. such tired that
[解答分析]
句意：从句子 “He is __________ he can't keep his eyes open.” 的意思来看，表达的是 “他太累了，
以至于眼睛都睁不开了” ，描述的是一种程度上的因果关系，即因为太累，所以导致眼睛睁不开的结果。
固定句型：“so... that...” 这个固定句型的意思就是 “如此…… 以至于……”，“so” 后面接形容词或副词，
“that” 引导结果状语从句，符合此句的语境和结构要求。“too... to...” 表示 “太…… 而不能……”，后面接动
词原形，例如 “He is too tired to walk（他太累了走不动）”，不符合本句结构；“not only... but also...” 表示 “不
但…… 而且……”，用于连接两个并列的成分，与本句语义不符；“such... that...” 也表示 “如此…… 以至
于……”，但 “such” 后面接名词（名词前可有限定词），例如 “such a beautiful girl that（如此漂亮的一个女
孩以至于）” ，本句中 “tired” 是形容词，所以 “such... that...” 也不合适。
答案：A。
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先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
1
I am 24 years old, and I grew up in America. Several years ago, I joined Habitat. It is an organization (组织)
that helps people in need build 1 .
For me, the idea of building other people’s houses is very 2 . In 2022, I went to Negros Island in
the Philippines as a Habitat 3 for the first time. I went back there the next year. 2024 was the 4
time that I had worked there as a helper.
The volunteers and the families on Negros Island became friends. Meeting these people was 5 for
us. We thought we went to help the people there, 6 they helped us to understand the meaning of life at
the same time. They helped us find out important things in life, such as 7 time with our family, friends
and neighbors, helping each other, and enjoying what we have. We sometimes 8 these things in our busy
life.
This time, I built a house 9 young people from around the world. In my group, there were
Filipinos, Americans, Indians, Chinese and Japanese. We worked together to build a house for a family. On the last
day, all of us stood inside the new house, having a feeling of 10 . We knew we did something truly
meaningful.
1．A．roads B．houses C．bridges D．schools
2．A．risky B．boring C．exciting D．simple
3．A．volunteer B．visitor C．engineer D．reporter
4．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
5．A．tiring B．surprising C．stressful D．wonderful
6．A．if B．or C．but D．so
7．A．wasting B．saving C．spending D．controlling
8．A．refuse B．forget C．share D．choose
9．A．by B．behind C．for D．with
10．A．trust B．fairness C．sadness D．satisfaction
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．D
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【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者加入 Habitat 组织，在菲律宾内格罗斯岛作为志愿者帮助
有需要的人建造房屋的经历，以及在此过程中收获的友谊和对生活意义的感悟。
1．句意：这是一个帮助有需要的人建造房屋的组织。
roads 道路；houses 房屋；bridges 桥梁；schools 学校。根据后文“the idea of building other people’s houses”可
知，该组织是帮助建造房屋的，houses 符合语境。故选 B。
2．句意：对我来说，为别人盖房子的想法非常令人兴奋。
risky 有风险的；boring 无聊的；exciting 令人兴奋的；simple 简单的。根据后文作者多次参与志愿活动可知，
作者对帮人建房这件事是积极态度，exciting 符合语境。故选 C。
3．句意：2022 年，我第一次作为 Habitat 志愿者前往菲律宾的内格罗斯岛。
volunteer 志愿者；visitor 游客；engineer 工程师；reporter 记者。根据后文“The volunteers and the families on
Negros Island became friends.”可知，作者是以志愿者身份去的，volunteer 符合语境。故选 A。
4．句意：2024 年是我第三次作为帮手在那里工作。
first 第一；second 第二；third 第三；fourth 第四。根据“ In 2022, I went to Negros Island in the Philippines
as a Habitat ... for the first time. I went back there the next year. 2024 was the ... time that I had worked there as a
helper.”可知，前文提到 2022 年第一次去，2023 年又去了一次，因此 2024 年是第三次去，third 符合语境。
故选 C。
5．句意：遇见这些人对我们来说非常美好。
tiring 累人的；surprising 令人惊讶的；stressful 有压力的；wonderful 美好的。根据后文“We thought we went
to help the people there ... they helped us understand the meaning of life”可知，作者觉得这段经历很好，wonderful
符合语境。故选 D。
6．句意：我们以为我们是去帮助那里的人的，但他们同时也帮助我们理解了生活的意义。
if 如果；or 或者；but 但是；so 所以。根据“We thought we went to help the people there, ... they helped us to
understand the meaning of life at the same time.”可知，前后句是转折关系，我们去帮忙，却也从对方那里收获
了对生活意义的理解，but 符合语境。故选 C。
7．句意：比如与家人、朋友和邻居共度时光，互相帮助，享受我们所拥有的。
wasting 浪费；saving 节省；spending 花费、度过；controlling 控制。根据“... time with our family”可知，spend
time with sb.是固定搭配，意为“与某人共度时光”，spending 符合语境。故选 C。
8．句意：在忙碌的生活中，我们有时会忘记这些事情。
refuse 拒绝；forget 忘记；share 分享；choose 选择。根据“in our busy life”可知，忙碌时会忘掉这些生活中重
要的事，forget 符合语境。故选 B。
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9．句意：这次，我和来自世界各地的年轻人一起建造了一所房子。
by 通过；behind 在……后面；for 为了；with 和……一起。根据后文“We worked together”可知，是和各地年
轻人一起建房，with 符合语境。故选 D。
10．句意：最后一天，我们所有人都站在新房里，有一种满足感。
trust 信任；fairness 公平；sadness 悲伤；satisfaction 满足。根据后文“We knew we did something truly meaningful.”
可知，因为做了有意义的事，所以会有满足感，satisfaction 符合语境。故选 D。
2
As a British exchange student in China, I wanted to immerse (使沉浸于) myself in the local culture. One of
the activities my school offered was a calligraphy (书法) club, and I chose to 11 it to learn more about this
traditional Chinese art.
The calligraphy room was a quiet and peaceful place, which 12 the pleasant smell of ink and the soft
sound of brushes touching paper. Our calligraphy teacher, Mr. Li, was known for his 13 and skill.
On my first day, I watched attentively as Mr. Li 14 the art of calligraphy. He moved the brush with
grace and 15 , and the characters he created looked like beautiful paintings. I was amazed and couldn’t wait to
try it myself.
Mr. Li introduced the tools of calligraphy—the brush, ink, paper, and ink stone. He explained that these were
not just tools but the foundation (基础) of this ancient art. He taught us how to hold the brush 16 and how to
move our hands to create smooth flowing lines.
When it was my turn to try, I found it harder than it looked. My first characters were far from perfect and I
felt 17 , but Mr. Li patiently encouraged me and gave me support.
From then on, I 18 to attend the calligraphy club every week. Slowly I felt my skills improving. I
learned not only how to write the characters but also the 19 behind them. Calligraphy was more than just
20 . It was a way to express myself and connect with Chinese culture.
1．A．buy B．join C．run D．leave
2．A．was filled with B．was covered with C．was crowded with D．was made with
3．A．confidence B．difference C．patience D．bravery
4．A．viewed B．praised C．developed D．showed
5．A．difficulty B．care C．regret D．anger
6．A．happily B．silently C．usually D．correctly
7．A．surprised B．confident C．embarrassed D．interested
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8．A．decided B．refused C．agreed D．pretended
9．A．reason B．history C．meaning D．purpose
10．A．painting B．reading C．showing D．writing
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．D
【解析】本文讲述了一位英国交换生通过参加书法俱乐部学习中国传统文化，从初学时的困难到逐渐领悟
书法内涵的经历。
1．句意：我校提供的活动之一是一个书法俱乐部，我选择加入俱乐部学习这项中国传统艺术。
buy 购买；join 加入；run 经营；leave 离开。根据“to learn more about this traditional Chinese art”可知，本空
表示“加入”书法俱乐部。故选 B。
2．句意：书法教室是个安静平和的地方，充满了墨香和笔触纸的声音。
was filled with充满；was covered with覆盖；was crowded with挤满；was made with由……制成。“pleasant smell”
和“soft sound”需要搭配“充满”氛围的词。故选 A。
3．句意：我们的书法老师李老师以耐心和技巧而闻名。
confidence 自信；difference 差异；patience 耐心；bravery 勇敢。根据后文提到的“patiently encouraged me”可
知，李老师很有“耐心”。故选 C。
4．句意：第一天，我聚精会神地看着李老师展示书法艺术。
viewed 观看；praised 赞扬；developed 发展；showed 展示。李老师示范书法动作需用“展示”。故选 D。
5．句意：他优雅而细致地运笔，创作出来的汉字看上去就像美丽的画。
difficulty 困难；care 细致；regret 后悔；anger 愤怒。and 连接两个并列结构，“grace”需搭配积极含义的动作。
故选 B。
6．句意：他教我们如何正确握笔、如何移动手来创造流畅的线条。
happily 开心地；silently 安静地；usually 通常；correctly 正确地。学习书法基础需强调“正确”方法。故选 D。
7．句意：我第一个字不太完美，我感到尴尬，但是李老师耐心地鼓励我，给予我支持。
surprised 惊讶的；confident 自信的；embarrassed 尴尬的；interested 感兴趣的。根据“far from perfect”和“Mr.
Li patiently encouraged me and gave me support”可知，本空应该是负面情绪。故选 C。
8．句意：从那时开始，我决定每周参加书法俱乐部。
decided 决定；refused 拒绝；agreed 同意；pretended 假装。根据后文“skills improving”可知，技能提升了，
说明“我”主动“决定”坚持。故选 A。
9．句意：我不仅学会了如何写汉字，还学会了汉字背后的含义。
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reason 原因；history 历史；meaning 含义；purpose 目的。根据“Calligraphy was more than just...It was a way to
express myself and connect with Chinese culture.”可知，书法不仅是书写，更需理解文字内涵。故选 C。
10．句意：书法不仅是书写。
painting 绘画；reading 阅读；showing 展示；writing 书写。前文提到“write the characters”，且书法本质是书
写艺术。故选 D。
3
Alice is a student who came to my class last year. 1 she has already turned 60, Alice looks so fit
and happy, with a bright smile and a positive attitude. I am Alice’s teacher in class, but I feel she is my teacher in
life.
For my 2-hour class every Saturday morning, Alice has to take a 3-hour round trip on the road. But she is
never late for class. Alice is very 2 in learning English. She often says, “Don’t 3 me as a
60-year-old woman. I am just a new beginner. You know, I am very excited to come to the class!” So I feel a strong
sense of 4 to make sure what I teach is useful to her.
Alice came to me with very 5 English skills. However, she turns out to be a very fast learner
because she always puts English 6 in her daily life. I check her homework before every class. Her
homework is usually not what I gave for the class. It is something that she 7 to put together. She makes
various sentences using the important words and expressions she learned from our class. I am always 8
by her work.
I feel lucky to have a student like Alice. She has 9 me so much. Our interaction (相互作用) is a
great learning experience for both of us. I have no idea why she learns English, but I hope I can help her 10
her dream, whatever it is.
1．A．When B．Since C．Before D．Though
2．A．busy B．interested C．proud D．worried
3．A．realize B．mistake C．treat D．describe
4．A．safety B．direction C．duty D．humor
5．A．special B．basic C．good D．wonderful
6．A．in peace B．in silence C．in use D．in order
7．A．volunteers B．promises C．agrees D．hopes
8．A．remembered B．refused C．moved D．improved
9．A．taught B．allowed C．learned D．taken
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10．A．get into the habit of B．find out C．keep clear of D．get closer to
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D
【解析】本文讲述了 60 岁的爱丽丝对学习英语很有激情，而且学习主动，给身为老师的作者留下了深刻印
象。
1．句意：尽管她已经 60 岁了，但爱丽丝看起来非常健康快乐，带着灿烂的笑容和积极的态度。
When 当……时候；Since 自从；Before 在……之前；Though 尽管。根据“she has already turned 60, Alice looks
so fit and happy, with a bright smile and a positive attitude.”可知，主句和从句之间是让步关系，此处表达尽管
她已经 60 岁了，但她看起来健康快乐。故选 D。
2．句意：爱丽丝对学习英语非常感兴趣。
busy 忙碌的；interested 感兴趣的；proud 自豪的；worried 担心的。be interested in“对……感兴趣”，固定短
语。故选 B。
3．句意：她常说：“别把我当作一个 60 岁的女人。”
realize 意识到；mistake 弄错；treat 对待；describe 描述。treat sb as...“把某人当作……”，此处指不要把“我”
当作一个 60 岁的女人，“我”只是一个初学者。故选 C。
4．句意：因此，我深感一种责任，要确保我教的内容对她有用。
safety 安全；direction 方向；duty 责任； humor 幽默。根据“make sure what I teach is useful to her”可知，作
者要确保所教的内容对她有用，因此有一种责任感。故选 C。
5．句意：爱丽丝刚来时英语水平非常基础。
special 特殊的；basic 基础的；good 好的；wonderful 极好的。根据“However, she turns out to be a very fast learner”
可知，事实证明爱丽丝进步很快，说明她原来的英语很基础。故选 B。
6．句意：然而，事实证明她学得很快，因为她总是在日常生活中使用英语。
in peace 平静地；in silence 沉默地；in use 在使用中；in order 有序地。根据“she always puts English ... in her
daily life”可知，爱丽丝进步很快的原因是把英语运用到日常生活中。故选 C。
7．句意：这是她主动整理的一些东西。
volunteers 自愿做；promises 承诺；agrees 同意；hopes 希望。根据“Her homework is usually not what I gave
for the class.”可知，爱丽丝的家庭作业通常不是作者给她的，而是她主动去做的。故选 A。
8．句意：她的作业总是让我感动。
remembered 记得；refused 拒绝；moved 感动；improved 改进。根据“ She makes various sentences using the
important words and expressions she learned from our class.”可知，爱丽丝利用作者课堂上教的重要单词和短语
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造句，由此推断作者被她的这种积极的学习态度所感动。故选 C。
9．句意：她教会我许多。
taught 教；allowed 允许；learned 学习；taken 带走。根据“Our interaction (相互作用) is a great learning experience
for both of us. ”可知，她们的互动对双方来说都是一次很好的学习经历，说明爱丽丝也在教作者一些东西。
故选 A。
10．句意：我不知道她为何学英语，但我希望我能帮她更接近她的梦想，无论那是什么。
get into the habit of 养成……习惯；find out 发现；keep clear of 避开；get closer to 更接近。根据“but I hope I
can help her...her dream,”可知，作者希望通过自己的帮助可以使爱丽丝更接近她的梦想。故选 D。
4
At the end of my first year of high school, I realized I needed to find a summer job. I was tired of having to
ask my parents for 1 . I wanted to go to the shopping center or movies with friends without having to ask
for $20 from my parents. I imagined having a job at a store or at a summer camp where I could play games with
children. But what actually happened was 2 . The only job I managed to find was cleaning up tables at a
local 3 .
At first, the idea of clearing tables upset me. The thought of getting up at dawn to go to clean up made me
4 ever asking for a job. The first day was terribly busy. I was running around, racing to get a table ready for
the waiting customers. I will never forget how 5 I felt that day, but I’ll also never forget sitting down
6 lunch with my co-workers for the first time. People at my age or ten years older all sat together and talked
about their days. All of a sudden I was a part of that, and it felt good to be so 7 .
I’ ve now worked at the restaurant for almost one year. I’ve learned to be happy about getting up so early,
because I know there’re going to be a few good 8 every day there.
From starting there as a shy student, I’ve been able to grow into a person that can go up and 9
anyone at work or anywhere else. I’m also not as sensitive (敏感的) as I used to be. Getting an impolite customer
might make me feel bad, but very soon I can laugh it off with my co-workers.
The little job has given me so much, and I can’t wait to go back and continue to 10 from my
experience.
1．A．food B．money C．attention D．care
2．A．exciting B．encouraging C．disappointing D．surprising
3．A．restaurant B．cinema C．theatre D．hotel
4．A．forget B．enjoy C．realize D．regret
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5．A．tired B．relaxed C．curious D．bored
6．A．of B．with C．for D．as
7．A．loved B．included C．needed D．required
8．A．dishes B．choices C．moments D．time
9．A．find B．own C．push D．greet
10．A．grow B．stand C．hide D．bring
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A
【解析】本文讲述了作者第一份暑期工作的经历。虽然工作并不如他所愿，但通过这份工作，他得到了成长，
学会了社交、承担责任并享受其中的美好时刻。
1．句意：他厌倦了向父母要钱。
food 食物；money 金钱；attention 注意力；care 关心。根据后文的“I wanted to go to the shopping center or movies
with friends without having to ask for $20 from my parents.”可知，此处表示向父母要钱，故选 B。
2．句意：但实际发生的事情令人失望。
exciting 令人兴奋的；encouraging 令人鼓舞的；disappointing 令人失望的；surprising 令人惊讶的。根据上
文“I imagined having a job at a store or at a summer camp”与“the only job I managed to find was cleaning up
tables”之间的落差，可知现实让人失望，故选 C。
3．句意：我唯一能找到的工作是在一家本地餐馆擦桌子。
restaurant 餐馆；cinema 电影院；theatre 剧院；hotel 宾馆。根据“I’ ve now worked at the restaurant for almost
one year.”可知，这项工作应发生在餐馆，故选 A。
4．句意：一想到天一亮就要起床去打扫，我就后悔找工作的决定。
forget 忘记；enjoy 享受；realize 意识到；regret 后悔。根据“At first, the idea of clearing tables upset me. ”可知，
是让他后悔找工作，故选 D。
5．句意：我永远不会忘记那天有多累，但我也永远不会忘记第一次和同事坐在一起吃午饭的场景。
tired 疲倦的；relaxed 放松的；curious 好奇的；bored 无聊的。根据前文“I was running around, racing to get a
table ready...”可知工作非常忙碌，应感到“累”，故选 A。
6．句意：我永远不会忘记那天有多累，但我也永远不会忘记第一次和同事坐在一起吃午饭的场景。
of 属于；with 和……一起；for 为了；as 作为。for lunch（吃）午饭，介词短语，固定搭配。故选 C。
7．句意：突然之间，我成了其中的一部分，被包括在内的感觉很好。
loved 被爱的；included 被包含的；needed 被需要的；required 被要求的。根据“sat together and talked about
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their days”可知他被接纳成为一部分，应选 included，故选 B。
8．句意：我已经学会了为这么早起床而感到高兴，因为我知道那里每天都会有一些美好的时刻。
dishes 菜肴；choices 选择；moments 时刻；time 时间。根据前文的“but I'll also never forget sitting down for
lunch with my co-workers for the first time.”可知，我喜欢和同事在一起吃午饭，交谈，认为这是一些美好的
时刻。故选 C。
9．句意：我从一开始害羞的学生时代，到如今无论在工作还是在任何地方，我已经能够走上前和任何一个
人打招呼。
find 找到；own 拥有；push 推；greet 打招呼。根据前文的“I've now worked at the restaurant for almost one year”
可知，我在餐馆里工作，因此要问候顾客。故选 D。
10．句意：这份小工作给了我很多，我迫不及待地想回去并继续从这段经历中成长。
grow 成长；stand 站立；hide 隐藏；bring 带来。根据前文的“From starting there as a shy student, I’ve been able
to grow into a person that can go up and greet anyone, at work or anywhere else.”可知，此处表示我成长了。故选
A。
5
In recent years, more and more people have shown great kindness to stray (流浪的) animals. They 1
to give food to those homeless cats and dogs, or find warm places for them to stay. It’s really nice to see such
2 as they show people’s love for animals.
But sometimes, things don’t go as 3 as we think. In some places, people find a lot of stray animals
in public areas, like in the community’s gardens. As a result, there is 4 everywhere after they eat. The
places become and give out bad smells. This 5 the life of the people living there. They can’t even open
their windows to get some 6 air.
So we need to know that when we show love to stray animals, we can’t 7 others. For example, we
can 8 the local animal centers and let them know where the stray animals munities can also
work together to 9 the problem, such as organizing adoption (收养) events or building feeding areas.
In a word, it’s great to show love to stray animals, but it’s also 10 to make sure that everyone’s
life should be comfortable. Only in this way can both people and stray animals live happily together.
1．A．choose B．expect C．agree D．fail
2．A．surveys B．tests C．words D．acts
3．A．fast B．hard C．well D．deep
4．A．smoke B．rubbish C．wood D．cheese
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5．A．improves B．influences C．guards D．continues
6．A．dry B．cool C．thin D．fresh
7．A．treat B．thank C．trouble D．follow
8．A．control B．call C．satisfy D．serve
9．A．explain B．present C．cause D．solve
10．A．natural B．difficult C．necessary D．wrong
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．C
【解析】本文主要讲述了近年来人们对流浪动物表现出善意，但有时候事情并不像预期那样顺利，导致了
一些问题，最后提出需要平衡对动物的关爱和人类的生活质量。
1．句意：他们选择给这些无家可归的猫和狗食物。
choose 选择；expect 期待；agree 同意；fail 失败。根据“more and more people have shown great kindness to stray
animals.”可知，此处表示人们主动选择给这些无家可归的动物食物。choose to do“主动选择做某事”。故选 A。
2．句意：看到人们表现出对动物的爱真是太好了。
surveys 调查；tests 测验；words 单词，话；acts 行为。根据“They choose to give food to those homeless cats and
dogs, or find warm places for them to stay.”可知，前面说他们做这些行为，所以 such 后面接的是这些行为，故
选 D。
3．句意：但是有时候，事情没有按照我们想的那样顺利进行。
fast 快的；hard 难的；well 好；deep 深的。根据“things don’t go as...as we think.”可知，此处表示事情没有按
照我们想的那样顺利进行。go well“顺利进行”，符合语境。故选 C。
4．句意：结果是，他们吃完之后到处都是垃圾。
smoke 吸烟；rubbish 垃圾；wood 木头；cheese 奶酪。根据“there is...everywhere after they eat.”和“The places
become and give out bad smells.”可知，此处表示吃完之后地上到处都是垃圾。故选 B。
5．句意：这影响了住在这里的人的生活。
improves 改善；influences 影响；guards 守卫；continues 继续。根据“The places become and give out bad smells.”
可知，此处表示这个难闻的气味影响了人们的生活。故选 B。
6．句意：他们甚至不能打开窗户获得新鲜一些空气。
dry 干燥；cool 凉爽；thin 瘦的；fresh 新鲜的。根据“They can’t even open their windows to get some...air.”可知，
无法开窗导致无法获得“新鲜空气”，“fresh air”是常用搭配。故选 D。
7．句意：我们不能麻烦别人。
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treat 招待；thank 感谢；trouble 麻烦；follow 遵循。根据“So we need to know that when we show love to stray
animals, we can’t...others. ”可知，此处表示我们在帮助他人的同时，不能麻烦他人。“trouble others”表示给他
人造成困扰，符合语境。故选 C。
8．句意：例如，我们可以给当地的动物中心打电话，让他们知道哪里有流浪动物。
control 控制；call 给……打电话；satisfy 满意；serve 服务。根据“we can’t...others.”和“we can...the local animal
centers and let them know where the stray animals are.”可知，此处应该表示为了不麻烦别人，我们可以给当地
的动物中心打电话，让他们知道哪里有流浪动物。故选 B。
9．句意：社区可以一起协作解决问题。
explain 解释；present 呈现；cause 造成；solve 解决。根据“such as organizing adoption events or building feeding
areas.”可知，此处应该表示社区一起解决问题。故选 D。
10．句意：总而言之，向流浪动物表达爱是很好的，但确保每个人的生活都应该舒适也是很必要的。
natural 自然的；difficult 困难的；necessary 必要的；wrong 错误的。根据“Only in this way can both people and
stray animals live happily together.”可知，此处强调确保大家生活舒适是必要的，符合文章提倡的平衡态度。
故选 C。
6
Six years ago after hosting a school’s ceremony, I found my 1 leg was a little swollen (肿胀的),
and very soon I could 2 walk. In fact, the swollen part became a 10-centimeter meatball that was 3
so much so that I could not sleep. Of course, I went to a local hospital, where I was given very 4 news.
This growth was a malignant tumor (恶性肿瘤) .
Over the next two years,I received chemotherapy (化疗), and it was the worst time of my life. I felt that the
pain was killing me. I lost all my body hair. I no longer needed a 5 to wake up in the morning. Instead
what woke me was my body telling me I needed to vomit (呕) .
For some 6 , my parents had to go back to work to make money, and for a long time, I faced my
time in hospital alone. Yet I acted like a warrior (战士) in fighting against all of this. So over the next two years, I
received 21 courses of chemotherapy and had three operations (手术).
Finally, I was able to 7 to school and made many new friends, and to my surprise, I could finally
walk 8 , and my left leg looked perfectly normal.
I have been so lucky to be able to find the strength and 9 to deal with all of this, and I can tell
anyone still fighting against difficulties: 10 in yourself and do not let bad moments make you down. Just
hang on and you will come through.
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1．A．left B．right C．both D．either
2．A．always B．often C．usually D．hardly
3．A．ugly B．painful C．useless D．meaningless
4．A．exciting B．wonderful C．special D．terrible
5．A．computer B．clock C．chalk D．heater
6．A．results B．reasons C．doubt D．opinions
7．A．return B．start C．protect D．create
8．A．quickly B．normally C．gradually D．especially
9．A．belief B．relax C．courage D．weight
10．A．fight B．produce C．believe D．understand
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．C
【解析】本文主要介绍了作者的抗癌经历，传递逆境中保持信念与勇气的力量。
1．句意：六年前主持完学校典礼后，我发现左腿有点肿胀，很快我几乎无法行走。
left 左边的；right 右边的；both 两者都；either 也。根据下文“and my left leg looked perfectly normal.”可知，
空处指“左腿”有点肿胀。故选 A。
2．句意：六年前主持完学校典礼后，我发现左腿有点肿胀，很快我几乎无法行走。
always 总是；often 经常；usually 通常；hardly 几乎不。根据“a little swollen (肿胀的)”可知，因肿胀严重，
几乎无法行走。故选 D。
3．句意：事实上，肿胀部分变成了一个 10 厘米的肉球，疼痛到无法入睡。
ugly 丑陋的；painful 疼痛的；useless 无用的；meaningless 无意义的。根据下文“I felt that the pain was killing
me.”可知，肿胀部分疼痛到无法入睡。故选 B。
4．句意：当然，我去了一家当地医院，医院告知了糟糕的消息。
exciting 令人兴奋的；wonderful 完美的；special 特殊的；terrible 糟糕的。根据“This growth was a malignant
tumor (恶性肿瘤).”可知，恶性肿瘤是糟糕的消息。故选 D。
5．句意：我不再需要闹钟在早上叫醒我。
computer 电脑；clock 钟表；chalk 粉笔；heater 加热器。根据“to wake up in the morning.”可知，化疗期间不
再需要闹钟叫醒。故选 B。
6．句意：由于某些原因，父母需工作赚钱，我很长一段时间只能独自住院。
results 结果；reasons 理由；doubt 怀疑；opinions 观点。根据“my parents had to go back to work to make money”
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可知，由于某些原因，父母需工作赚钱，故选 B。
7．句意：最终我能重返学校并结交新朋友，令我吃惊的是，我最终能正常走路，我的左腿看上去正常如初。
return 回归；start 开始；protect 保护；create 创造。根据“to school and made many new friends”可知，我最终
能重返学校。故选 A。
8．句意：最终我能重返学校并结交新朋友，令我吃惊的是，我最终能正常走路，我的左腿看上去正常如初。
quickly 快速地；normally 正常地；gradually 逐渐地；especailly 特殊地。根据“and my left leg looked perfectly
normal.”可知，左腿恢复后能正常行走。故选 B。
9．句意：我如此幸运地找到了力量和勇气应对困境，我能告诉仍在与困难抗争的人：相信你自己，不要让
逆境打倒你。
belief 信仰；relax 放松；courage 勇气；weight 体重。根据“to deal with all of this”可知，力量和勇气让我应对
了困境。故选 C。
10．句意：我如此幸运地找到了力量和勇气应对困境，我能告诉仍在与困难抗争的人：相信你自己，不要
让逆境打倒你。
fight 打架；produce 生产；believe 相信；understand 理解。根据“...in yourself and do not let bad moments make
you down.”可知，相信你自己，不要让逆境打倒你。故选 C。
7
Miller is a successful businessman who is always busy with his work. One day, he 1 to spare
some time and went with his father to a nice restaurant for a meal.
When they walked into the restaurant, they heard beautiful music. A 2 was standing in a corner of
the restaurant. She was playing with all her 3 . The customers in the restaurant were all 4 in
the wonderful music.
While enjoying the music, Miller’s memories came back 5 tides(潮水). He remembered that he
had once been 6 about the violin. Back then, he would spend a lot of time 7 the violin every
day. He could feel the 8 and joy deep in his heart every time he played. 9 , as time went by, he
gradually put all his energies into business. Finally, he had to 10 his beloved violin in order to build his
career (事业).
At this moment, he couldn’t help but say to his father ,“ 11 I had kept up with the violin, maybe I
would be playing beautifully here now. ”“Yes, my child,” his father 12 , with his eyes full of love and
understanding, Then the father 13 slowly,“But there is no ‘if’ in our life.”
What the father said is 14 . Life is full of different choices. People can take completely different
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paths (小路) and live quite different lives. But everyone should keep this in mind: There is no “if” in life and every
choice has its 15 . The best thing to do is to enjoy what we have in the moment.else knows.
1．A．managed B．refused C．forgot D．hoped
2．A．drummer B．singer C．pianist D．violinist
3．A．money B．heart C．time D．pride
4．A．found B．kept C．caught D．lost
5．A．up B．after C．like D．with
6．A．nervous B．certain C．crazy D．honest
7．A．practicing B．repairing C．making D．teaching
8．A．imagination B．satisfaction C．surprise D．anger
9．A．Also B．Suddenly C．Luckily D．However
10．A．give up B．pick up C．hold up D．set up
11．A．Unless B．So C．If D．When
12．A．nodded B．cried C．laughed D．asked
13．A．continued B．compared C．regretted D．started
14．A．true B．meaningless C．unbelievable D．necessary
15．A．excuse B．method C．meaning D．problem
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．C 12．
A 13．A 14．A 15．C
【解析】本文讲述了一位商人 Miller 在餐厅听到小提琴演奏后，回忆起自己曾经对小提琴的热爱，但因事
业放弃梦想的故事，父亲的话点明人生没有“如果”，应珍惜当下。
1．句意：一天，他设法抽出了一些时间，和他的父亲一起去一家不错的餐厅吃饭。
managed 设法；refused 拒绝；forgot 忘记；hoped 希望。根据下文“went with his father to a nice restaurant for a
meal”可知他设法抽出了时间，manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”。故选 A。
2．句意：一位小提琴手正站在餐厅的一个角落里。
drummer 鼓手；singer 歌手；pianist 钢琴家；violinist 小提琴手。根据后文“He remembered that he had once
been...about the violin.”以及“She was playing with all her...”可知在餐厅角落演奏的是小提琴手。故选 D。
3．句意：她正全心全意地演奏着。
money 钱；heart 心；time 时间；pride 骄傲。with all one’s heart 是固定短语，意为“全心全意地”，这里指小
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提琴手全身心地演奏。故选 B。
4．句意：餐厅里的顾客都沉浸在这美妙的音乐中。
found 发现；kept 保持；caught 抓住；lost 沉浸，迷失。根据“The customers in the restaurant were all ... in the
wonderful music.”可知，这里表示餐厅里的顾客都沉浸在这美妙的音乐中，be lost in 是固定搭配，意为“沉浸
于，陶醉于”。故选 D。
5．句意：在欣赏音乐的时候，米勒的记忆像潮水一样涌了回来。
up 向上；after 在……之后；like 像；with 和……一起。根据“While enjoying the music, Miller’s memories came
back ... tides(潮水)”可知，like 在这里是介词，意为 “像”，“Miller’s memories came back like tides”表示“米勒的
记忆像潮水一样涌回来”。故选 C。
6．句意：他记得他曾经对小提琴很着迷。
nervous 紧张的；certain 确定的；crazy 着迷的；honest 诚实的。根据“he would spend a lot of time ... the violin
every day.”可知，他曾经对小提琴很着迷，be crazy about 表示“对……着迷”。故选 C。
7．句意：在那时，他每天会花很多时间练习小提琴。
practicing 练习；repairing 修理；making 制作；teaching 教。根据“the violin every day”可知是每天花时间练习
小提琴，spend+时间+doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”。故选 A。
8．句意：每次他演奏的时候，他都能感受到内心深处的满足和喜悦。
imagination想象；satisfaction满足；surprise惊讶；anger愤怒。根据“and joy deep in his heart every time he played”
可知每次演奏他能感受到内心深处的满足和快乐。故选 B。
9．句意：然而，随着时间的流逝，他逐渐把所有的精力都投入到了生意中。
Also 也；Suddenly 突然；Luckily 幸运地；However 然而。“He could feel the ... and joy deep in his heart every time
he played”和“as time went by, he gradually put all his energies into business”，前后是转折关系。故选 D。
10．句意：最后，为了建立他的事业，他不得不放弃他心爱的小提琴。
give up 放弃；pick up 捡起；hold up 举起；set up 建立。根据“in order to build his career”可知为了建立事业他
不得不放弃心爱的小提琴。故选 A。
11．句意：在这一刻，他忍不住对他的父亲说：“如果我当初坚持拉小提琴，也许我现在就能在这里美妙地演
奏了。”
Unless 除非；So 所以；If 如果；When 当……时候。根据“maybe I would be playing beautifully here now”可知
这是一种假设，如果他继续拉小提琴，也许现在就能在这美妙地演奏。故选 C。
12．句意：“是的，我的孩子，” 他的父亲点了点头，眼中充满了爱和理解。
nodded 点头；cried 哭；laughed 笑；asked 问。根据“with his eyes full of love and understanding”可知父亲是认
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同儿子说的话。故选 A。
13．句意：然后父亲慢慢地继续说道：“但是在我们的生活中没有‘如果’。”
continued 继续；compared 比较；regretted 后悔；started 开始。根据“But there is no ‘if’ in our life.”可知父亲接
着慢慢说。故选 A。
14．句意：父亲所说的是正确的。
true 正确的；meaningless 无意义的；unbelievable 难以置信的；necessary 必要的。根据后文对生活选择的阐
述可知父亲说的话是正确的，true 表示“正确的”。故选 A。
15．句意：生活中没有“如果”，每个选择都有它的意义。
excuse 借口；method 方法；meaning 意义；problem 问题。根据“There is no “if” in life and every choice has its ...”
可知，这里表示生活中没有“如果”，每个选择都有它的意义。故选 C。
8
“Class, we’re going to the Opera House to enjoy a ballet performance!” Mrs. Periwinkle announced.
The classroom was full of excitement. “Ballet Really ” Ricardo 1 a smile, trying to hide his true
feelings. As the star player on the soccer team, he considered ballet very boring.
However, as the class entered the Opera House, Ricardo was amazed by the 2 building’s high
ceilings and fancy decorations (华丽的装饰). Then his eyes were 3 to the stage—the dancers were
moving so 4 and beautifully!
That night, Ricardo lay in bed and those dancers’ strength and grace (优雅) filled his mind, creating a lasting
impression on him. “What if I try ballet ” the boy was 5 at this sudden thought, “What will my friends
say They’ll probably laugh at me!”
However, the idea 6 go away. So he 7 signed up for ballet classes. Everything was
hard at the start, but his athletic skills from soccer helped him 8 in ballet. With each lesson. Ricardo
grew more confident. He loved the 9 and excitement of mastering each new step.
One afternoon, during soccer practice, his teammates noticed he was 10 “Where’s Ricardo ”
“I saw his name on a poster for a ballet performance!”one of them called.
“Ricardo Ballet ” the boys decided to check it out.
On the night of the performance, Ricardo’s heart raced as he stepped onto the stage. Then the boy 11
—his teammates were in the audience! Fears almost took over Ricardo, but he took a deep breath and 12
the music. He danced with all his heart, losing himself in the rhythm (韵律).
After the curtain fell, his friends rushed backstage to congratulate. Their cheers filled the room and Ricardo
27 / 36
felt the 13 spread through him. At that moment, he realized that following his love didn’t have to be
14 . With the friends’ support, he felt ready to 15 every part of who he was!
1．A．weighted B．prevented C．forced D．greeted
2．A．familiar B．magical C．common D．strange
3．A．glued B．carried C．listed D．served
4．A．gradually B．heavily C．painfully D．smoothly
5．A．treated B．fooled C．comforted D．shocked
6．A．wouldn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
7．A．hardly B．secretly C．luckily D．wisely
8．A．fail B．side C．mix D．improve
9．A．pressure B．worry C．challenge D．punishment
10．A．curious B．absent C．free D．anxious
11．A．relaxed B．lost C．calmed D．froze
12．A．focused on B．set off C．turned off D．put on
13．A．doubt B．fear C．warmth D．energy
14．A．embarrassing B．satisfying C．surprising D．confusing
15．A．trade B．explore C．hide D．manage
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．
A 13．C 14．A 15．B
【解析】本文主要介绍了 Ricardo 是一名足球运动员，因一次偶然机会喜欢上了芭蕾，然后开始学芭蕾，得
到朋友称赞的故事。
1．句意：Ricardo 强颜欢笑，试图掩饰真实感受。
weighted 使加权；prevented 阻止；forced 迫使；greeted 问候。根据“a smile, trying to hide his true feelings.”可
知，此处是 force a smile“强颜欢笑”。故选 C。
2．句意：然而，当班级进入歌剧院时，Ricardo 被这座神奇建筑的高天花板和华丽装饰所震惊。
familiar 熟悉的；magical 神奇的；common 普通的；strange 奇怪的。根据“Ricardo was amazed by the ... building’
s high ceilings and fancy decorations”可知，是被这座神奇的高天花板和华丽装饰所震惊。故选 B。
3．句意：然后他的眼睛盯着舞台——舞者移动得如此流畅和美丽！
glued 粘贴；carried 携带；listed 列出；served 服务。根据“his eyes were ... to the stage”可知，是指眼睛盯着舞
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台，be glued to“盯着”，固定短语。故选 A。
4．句意：然后他的眼睛盯着舞台——舞者移动得如此流畅和美丽！
gradually 渐渐地；heavily 沉重地；painfully 痛苦地；smoothly 流畅地。根据“beautifully!”可知，舞者的动作
是流畅和美丽的。故选 D。
5．句意：这个突然的想法让男孩感到震惊。
treated 对待；fooled 愚弄；comforted 使舒适；shocked 震惊。根据“What if I try ballet ”可知，男孩被自己想
要尝试跳舞的这个想法所震惊。故选 D。
6．句意：然而，这个想法挥之不去。
wouldn’t 不会；can’t 不能；mustn’t 禁止；shouldn’t 不应该。根据“So he ... signed up for ballet classes.”可知，
这个想法不会消失在脑海。故选 A。
7．句意：所以他偷偷报名芭蕾课。
hardly 几乎不；secretly 秘密地；luckily 幸运地；wisely 明智地。根据“What will my friends say They’ll probably
laugh at me!”可知，担心朋友们会嘲笑自己，因此是偷偷报名芭蕾课。故选 B。
8．句意：一开始一切都很难，但他从足球中获得的运动技能帮助他提高芭蕾舞水平。
fail 失败；side 支持；mix 混合；improve 提高。根据“his athletic skills from soccer helped him ... in ballet.”可知，
是指运动技能帮助他提高芭蕾舞水平。故选 D。
9．句意：他喜欢掌握每一个新动作的挑战与兴奋。
pressure 压力；worry 担心；challenge 挑战；punishment 惩罚。根据“and excitement of mastering each new step.”
可知，是指掌握每一个新动作的挑战与兴奋。故选 C。
10．句意：一天下午，在足球训练中，他的队友注意到他缺席了。
curious 好奇的；absent 缺席的；free 自由的；anxious 焦急的。根据“Where’s Ricardo ”可知，他缺席了。故
选 B。
11．句意：然后男孩僵住了——他的队友在观众席里！
relaxed 放松的；lost 迷失的；calmed 平静；froze(因恐惧、惊讶等)呆立不动。根据“his teammates were in the
audience!”可知，看到队友出现在观众席了，应是呆住了。故选 D。
12．句意：恐惧几乎吞噬了 Ricardo，但他深吸一口气，专注于音乐。
focused on 专注于；set off 出发；turned off 关闭；put on 穿上。根据“He danced with all his heart, losing himself
in the rhythm”可知，他专注于音乐。故选 A。
13．句意：他们的欢呼声充满了房间，Ricardo 感到温暖传遍全身。
doubt 怀疑；fear 恐惧；warmth 温暖；energy 能量。根据“Their cheers filled the room”可知，朋友的欢呼声让
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他感到了温暖。故选 C。
14．句意：在那一刻，他意识到追随自己的热爱不必尴尬。
embarrassing 尴尬的；satisfying 满意的；surprising 令人惊讶的；confusing 令人困惑的。根据“following his love
didn’t have to be ...”及前文介绍他担心朋友会嘲笑他跳芭蕾可知，此处是指追随自己的热爱不必感到尴尬。
故选 A。
15．句意：在朋友们的支持下，他觉得自己已经准备好探索自己的每一个方面了！
trade 贸易；explore 探索；hide 隐藏；manage 管理。根据“he felt ready to ... every part of who he was!”可知，
是指准备好探索自己的每一个方面。故选 B。
9
Once upon a time, there was a young boy who lived in a small village. He was known for his curiosity and
adventurous (敢于冒险的) spirit.
One day, he went to the woods near his home and unexpectedly saw a golden key under a tree. He 1
it up and wanted to find out what it could unlock. The boy rushed home to show the 2 to his mother.
“Look what I found! Maybe it can open a 3 door to a magical world,” he said to his mother excitedly.
His mother smiled but said, “The key is 4 , but not everything needs to be unlocked. There isn’t
any magical world.”
The boy decided to 5 a lock or door that would fit his golden key. He spent several days exploring
the 6 , asking every villager if they knew of any mysterious (神秘的) doors or locks.
One afternoon, an old man said to the boy, “There is an old door at the edge (边缘) of the 7 . It has
not been opened for many years. Perhaps your key can 8 the door.”
The next day, the boy hurried to the forest. He finally arrived at a large wooden door, The door looked
9 and mysterious. He put the golden key into the lock and 10 it gently. To his surprise, the door
was opened. As soon as he opened the door, the golden key disappeared.
The boy couldn’t believe his 11 when he opened the door and went inside. What a magical place!
He 12 some strange flowers and cute animals. A fairy (精灵) 13 him and said,“Welcome
here and enjoy yourself.” After staying there for some time, the boy went back home 14 .
The boy thought what he saw was valuable 15 he lost the golden key. He would keep his curiosity
and adventurous spirit because he believed they could bring him more surprises!
1．A．picked B．fixed C．looked D．cleaned
2．A．note B．key C．lock D．tree
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3．A．wide B．black C．secret D．heavy
4．A．lovely B．terrible C．awful D．smart
5．A．set up B．clear out C．search for D．put away
6．A．yard B．house C．farm D．village
7．A．forest B．country C．mountain D．garden
8．A．move B．open C．close D．change
9．A．common B．modern C．usual D．ancient
10．A．heated B．checked C．turned D．kicked
11．A．hands B．words C．ears D．eyes
12．A．saw B．hid C．sold D．bought
13．A．dressed B．greeted C．excused D．forced
14．A．madly B．angrily C．happily D．nervously
15．A．until B．after C．before D．although
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．D 12．
A 13．B 14．C 15．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个充满好奇心和冒险精神的男孩在树林里捡到一把金钥匙，他
不顾母亲的劝阻，坚持不懈地寻找能打开的门，最终在森林边缘的一扇旧门处成功打开门，进入了一个神
奇的世界，虽然丢失了金钥匙，但他依然觉得这次经历很有价值，并且决定继续保持好奇心和冒险精神的
故事。
1．句意：他捡起它，想弄清楚它能打开什么。
picked 捡起；fixed 修理；looked 看；cleaned 打扫。根据前文“unexpectedly saw a golden key under a tree” 可
知，看到树下有一把金钥匙，此处应该是 “捡起” 这把钥匙。故选 A。
2．句意：这个男孩冲回家把这把钥匙拿给妈妈看。
note 笔记；key 钥匙；lock 锁；tree 树。根据上文“unexpectedly saw a golden key under a tree”以及“He picked
it up”可知，男孩捡到了一把钥匙，所以这里是把“钥匙”拿给妈妈看。故选 B。
3．句意：“看我找到了什么！也许它能打开通往魔法世界的一扇秘密之门。” 他兴奋地对妈妈说。
wide 宽的；black 黑色的；secret 秘密的；heavy 重的。根据“to a magical world”可知，通往魔法世界的门应
该是“秘密的”。故选 C。
4．句意：他的妈妈笑了笑但说道：“这把钥匙很可爱，但是并不是所有东西都需要被打开。没有什么魔法世
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界。”
lovely 可爱的；terrible 糟糕的；awful 可怕的；smart 聪明的。根据语境可知，妈妈在评价这把钥匙，结合选
项，lovely “可爱的” 可以用来形容钥匙，符合语境。故选 A。
5．句意：这个男孩决定寻找一把适合他这把金钥匙的锁或者门。
set up 建立；clear out 清理；search for 寻找；put away 放好。根据前文妈妈说没有魔法世界，结合后文“He
spent several days exploring...”可知，男孩还是想找到能被这把钥匙打开的锁或门，所以这里是“寻找”。故选
C。
6．句意：他花了好几天时间在村子里探索，问每一个村民他们是否知道有什么神秘的门或者锁。
yard 院子；house 房子；farm 农场；village 村子。根据第一段“there was a young boy who lived in a small village”
可知，男孩住在一个小村庄里，所以他应该是在“村子”里探索，询问村民。故选 D。
7．句意：一天下午，一位老人对男孩说：“在森林的边缘有一扇旧门。它已经很多年没有被打开过了。也许
你的钥匙能打开这扇门。”
forest 森林；country 国家；mountain 山；garden 花园。根据前文“One day, he went to the woods near his home...”
可知，男孩是在树林里捡到的钥匙，所以这里老人说的门应该也是在类似树林的地方。故选 A。
8．句意：一天下午，一位老人对男孩说：“在森林的边缘有一扇旧门。它已经很多年没有被打开过了。也许
你的钥匙能打开这扇门。”
move 移动；open 打开；close 关闭；change 改变。根据前文“Maybe it can open a...door to a magical world”以
及“Perhaps your key can...”可知，男孩一直想找到能被钥匙打开的门，所以这里是说也许钥匙能“打开”这扇
门。故选 B。
9．句意：这扇门看起来古老又神秘。
common 普通的；modern 现代的；usual 通常的；ancient 古老的。根据前文“There is an old door at the edge of
the forest. It has not been opened for many years.”可知，这扇门很多年没被打开过了，所以应该是 “古老的”，
ancient 符合语境。故选 D。
10．句意：他把金钥匙插进锁里，然后轻轻地转动它。
heated 加热；checked 检查；turned 转动；kicked 踢。根据 “He put the golden key into the lock and...it gently.
To his surprise, the door was opened.” 可知，把钥匙插进锁里，然后应该是“转动”钥匙才能打开门。故选 C。
11．句意：当男孩打开门走进去的时候，他简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。
hands 手；words 话；ears 耳朵；eyes 眼睛。根据“What a magical place!”可知，男孩看到了一个神奇的地方，
所以他应该是不敢相信自己“看到的”，即不敢相信自己的“眼睛”。故选 D。
12．句意：他看到了一些奇怪的花和可爱的动物。
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saw 看到；hid 隐藏；sold 卖；bought 买。根据“What a magical place!”可知，男孩进入了一个神奇的地方，
所以这里应该是“看到”了奇怪的花和可爱的动物。故选 A。
13．句意：一个精灵跟他打招呼并说道：“欢迎来到这里，玩得开心。”
dressed 给……穿衣服；greeted 打招呼；excused 原谅；forced 强迫。根据“Welcome here and enjoy yourself.”
可知，精灵是在欢迎男孩，所以应该是先“打招呼”。故选 B。
14．句意：在那里待了一段时间后，男孩开心地回到了家。
madly 疯狂地；angrily 生气地；happily 开心地；nervously 紧张地。根据“What a magical place! He saw some
strange flowers and cute animals. A fairy greeted him and said, ‘Welcome here and enjoy yourself.’”可知，男孩在
那个神奇的地方玩得很开心，所以他应该是“开心地”回家。故选 C。
15．句意：这个男孩认为尽管他丢失了金钥匙，但是他所看到的东西是很有价值的。
until 直到；after 在……之后；before 在……之前；although 尽管。根据“The boy thought what he saw was
valuable...he lost the golden key.”可知，“他所看到的东西很有价值”和“他丢失了金钥匙”之间是转折关系，此处
应该用 although 引导让步状语从句。故选 D。
10
As a small child, I was very 1 . I always got the best for myself. Slowly, everyone left me and I had
no 2 . One day, my father cooked two bowls of noodles. One had an egg on top while 3 had
none. He asked me to choose a bowl of noodles. Because eggs were 4 to come by those days, I chose t

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