资源简介

(共34张PPT)
Unit 1 Teenage Life
Discovering Useful Structures
1
Students will be able to identify and analyze the structures and functions of noun phrases, adjective phrases, and adverb phrases.
2
Students can proficiently construct and use appropriate noun phrases, adjective phrases, and adverb phrases in their own writing and speaking.
Learning Objectives
Teaching Focus
Help students clearly understand the composition rules of noun phrases, adjective phrases and adverb phrases, and their roles as different sentence elements such as subject, object, attribute, adverbial and complement.
Teaching Challenges
The main difficulty for students lies in distinguishing between the three types of phrases, correctly using appropriate phrases, and avoiding common errors in phrase construction and application.
Teaching Focus and Teaching Challenges
Part 1
Phrases
Lead-in
Try to describe "Little Red Riding Hood".
Lead-in
A girl with a round face
A girl with a round face who is wearing a hood
A girl with a round face who is wearing a red hood
A girl with brown hair and a round face who is wearing a red hood
What is a phrase
A phrase is a small group of words that forms a unit, either on its own or within a sentence.
We use phrases to make sentences more interesting and complex.
Phrases
短语或词组（Phrases）是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。
1. 名词短语 (Noun Phrase)：指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。eg: a beautiful girl
2. 形容词短语 (Adjective Phrase)：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。eg: a little confusing
3. 副词短语 (Adverb Phrase)：指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。eg: quite quickly
Noun Phrase
名词短语（Noun Phrase）是以名词为中心的短语，在句子中的作用相当于一个名词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
名词的修饰语与名词有两种位置关系：一是放在被修饰名词的前面，作前置定语；二是放在被修饰名词的后面，作后置定语。
the book on the desk
the woman holding a baby
something important
a red apple
the school library
his running shoes
Noun Phrase
修饰语用于描述或补充说明名词，使名词短语的意义更加丰富。可以是形容词、介词短语、分词短语、不定式短语等。
形容词：a tall building
介词短语：the girl in red
现在分词短语：the running boy
过去分词短语：the broken window
不定式短语：the ability to speak English
Noun Phrase
修饰语用于描述或补充说明名词，使名词短语的意义更加丰富。可以是形容词、介词短语、分词短语、不定式短语等。
a tall building
the girl in red
the running boy
the broken window
the ability to speak English
介词短语
现在分词短语
不定式短语
过去分词短语
形容词
Noun Phrase
短语类型 组成 功能 例子
名词短语 (Noun Phrase) 1. 名词+and+名词 2. 名词+名词 3. 限定词+名词 4. 形容词+名词 5. 名词+介词短语 6. 不定式(短语)+名词 7. 动词-ing形式+名词 8. 动词-ed形式+名词 在句中用作主语/宾语/表语/宾语补足语 men and women
a bus stop
a beautiful campus
a campus of my school
a solution to the question
a swimming pool
fallen leaves
Noun Phrase
1.限定词
2.形容词
4.不定式短语
5.分词短语
1.介词短语
2.形容词短语
3.定语从句
6.同位语（从句）
核心
名词
to do
过去分词：done
现在分词：doing
名词短语结构图
“左三右六”
3.描述性名词
Adjective Phrase
形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词，可以做定语、表语、状语和补足语。
作定语（修饰名词）：She has a beautiful voice.
带补足语时需后置：This is a problem difficult to solve.
作表语（跟在系动词后）：The movie was extremely boring.
作宾语补足语：They found the task impossible to finish.
Adjective Phrase
短语类型 组成 功能 例子
形容词 短语(Adjective Phrase) 1. 形+and/but +形 2. 副+形 3. 形+介词 4. 形+不定式 在句中可以修饰名词或代词，作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语等 large and beautiful
extremely cold
full of
good for nothing
anxious to know
注意：多个形容词修饰同一名词时顺序口诀： 美（观）→ 小（尺寸）→ 圆（形状）→ 旧（新旧）→ 黄（颜色）→ 法国（产地）→ 木（材质）→ 书（用途）→ 房（核心名词）
Adverb Phrase
副词短语(Adverb Phrase)是以副词为中心的短语，在句子中的作用相当于一个副词，可以做定语、状语和补足语。
作状语（修饰动词/形容词/句子）：She arrived very late.
作定语（修饰名词，通常后置）：The people outside are waiting.
作补足语（补充说明形容词/动词）：The room is too hot to stay in.
Adverb Phrase
短语类型 组成 功能 例子
副词短语 (Adverb Phrase) 1. 副+ and /but + 副 2. 副+副 3. very/ quite/ a lot/ a little+副 4. 副+enough 5. 副+介词 在句中可修饰动词/形容词/副词等，表示时间、地点、方式等。 again and again
extremely fast
quite well
clearly enough
注意： enough通常放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。
Summary
1. 名词短语 (Noun Phrase)：一个名词为中心构成的短语，功能相当于名词。
2. 形容词短语 (Adjective Phrase)：一个形容词为中心构成的短语，功能相当于形容词。
3. 副词短语 (Adverb Phrase)：一个副词为中心构成的短语，功能相当于副词。
1. The first week was a little confusing.
2. The building is so big that I'm completely lost.
NP: 主语
AdjP: 表语
NP: 主语
AdjP: 表语
AdjP: 表语
Activity 1
Find and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories below. Then state their functions.
3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper
plate.
4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in
the debate.
NP: 主语
NP: 宾语
AdvP: 状语
NP: 宾语
5. The new coach told me that I didn’t play well enough.
6. My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke
so fast!
NP: 主语
AdvP: 状语
NP: 主语
AdjP: 表语
AdvP: 状语
NP: 主语
Answer the questions using the phrases in brackets.
I will finish my homework pretty soon.
My new teachers are very nice and patient.
1. How soon do you think you’ll finish your homework (pretty soon)
2. What do you think of your new teachers (very nice and patient)
3. How many clubs have you joined this year (two clubs)
I have joined two clubs this year.
Activity 2
Answer the questions using the phrases in brackets.
4. How well does Rita play the violin We need a new violinist in our music club. (quite well)
Rita plays the violin quite well.
5. What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course (too difficult but very interesting)
My adviser said that the advanced literature course was too difficult but very interesting.
Activity 3
Joyce has just written a draft. Help her improve it by using noun/adjective/adverb phrases to add more information.
Cheerleader Try-outs
I've always wanted to be a cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for the team. It was hard. First, we had to dance. The teacher showed us how to move, and then we tried. Second, we practised singing a song about the school basketball team. Finally, some girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped and cheered. I think I did well, but the other girls were better. I'm not sure if I' ll make the team or not.
Activity 3
Joyce has just written a draft. Help her improve it by using noun/adjective/adverb phrases to add more information.
Cheerleader Try-outs
I've always wanted to be a high school cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for my school's cheerleading team. It was really hard. First, we had to dance to the strong beat of music. The dance teacher showed us how to move very energetically, and we tried very hard. Second, we practice singing an inspiring song about the school basketball team. Finally, some of the stronger girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped very high and cheered very happily. I think I did quite well, but the other girls were even better. I'm not quite sure if I'll make the cheerleading team or not.
Part 2
Language Points
plate n. 盘子；碟子
dinner plate 餐盘
plate rack 餐具架
silver plate 镀银餐具
on one's plate 手头有任务/责任
license plate 车牌
练习：With exams and work, she has too much on her ______.
plate
completely adv.完全地
completely different 完全不同
completely understand 完全理解
complete adj.完全的，彻底的；v.完成，结束
complete with 包括，连同
complete the task 完成任务
练习：Your answer is ____________ wrong.
completely
practise v.练习，实践；
put sth. into practice 将某事付诸实践
be out of practice 疏于练习
practise what you preach 言行一致；以身作则
practise on/upon 利用；欺骗
practise doing sth. 练习做某事
练习：He tried to practise ______ my sympathy.
on
Part 3
Exercise
The panda is one of 1. (最罕见的动物). People in the world like it 2. (非常)．There used to be 3.______________ (很多熊猫) in China long ago. As the balance of nature was destroyed and the weather was getting 4. (越来越暖和), pandas became fewer. But at present, 5. (熊猫的数量) is increasing 6.______________(逐年). There are now so many pandas that some are sent to 7. (其他国家) so that people there can enjoy them.
根据汉语提示用名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语完成短文。
the rarest animals
very much
many pandas
warmer and warmer
the number of pandas
year by year
other countries
Nowadays, 8. (最大的自然公园) for pandas in China is in Sichuan. There is 9. (一个研究中心) for nature and wildlife there. Scientists hope that one day they will have 10.____________ (足够多的熊猫) to be set free and let them live in the wild again.
the biggest nature park
a research centre
enough pandas
Homework
1. Summarise what we have learnt in this lesson;
2. Prepare for the next lesson
See you next time!

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