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(共22张PPT)
Unit 1 Teenage Life
Section B Discovering Useful Structures
Part.1
Lead-in
Lead-in
Use phrases to describe the picture.
This is ____________.
The dog is ____________________.
The dog smiles ____________________.
a happy dog
very/really/quite happy
very/really/quite happily
短语或词组（Phrases）是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。
短语，又叫词组。它是大于词而又不成句的语法单位。从功能上可以分为:
名词性短语（Noun Phrase或NP）、
形容词性短语（Adjective Phrase或AdjP）、
副词性短语（Adverb Phrase或AdvP）、
介词短语（Prepositional Phrase或PP）
动词短语（Verb Phrase或VP）。
本单元重点学习前三种短语的用法。
基本知识概述
Leading in
名词短语、形容词短语、副词短语
【体验·悟】
阅读下面课文原句, 分析其短语类型。
1. Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
2. The first week was a little confusing.
3. First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take.
4. I know that Chinese is a very difficult language.
Leading in
5. I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough.
6. I’m a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course.
Leading in
【生成·得】
1. _________: 以一个名词为中心构成的短语, 在句中的功能相当于名词。
2. ___________: 以一个形容词为中心构成的短语, 在句中的功能相当于形
容词。
3. _________: 以一个副词为中心构成的短语, 在句中的功能相当于副词。
名词短语
形容词短语
副词短语
Part.2
While-class
While-class
短语 类型 组成 功能 例子
名词 短语 1. (限定词)+(形容词, 形容词短语, 描述性名词)+名词+(介词短语) 2. 名词+介词短语/不定式/定语从句等 在句中作名词用, 一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语 a long river,
some nice
books,
the capital city of China
While-class
一、名词短语
　　名词与修饰词有两种位置关系。一是放在被修饰的名词前叫定语或前置定语; 一种是放在被修饰的名词后叫后置定语。
1. 前置定语
　　一般来说有两种修饰语: 其一是限定词, 如a, the, these, my等, 对名词起泛指或特指, 定量或不定量的作用。其二是形容词用来表示名词的性质和特性, 如red, small, beautiful, long等。
a cute boy　　　　　 一个可爱的男孩
a lively city 一座充满生机的城市
副词短语 Adverb Phrases
三、副词短语( Adverb Phrases)
指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。常见副词短语的构成形式有:
(副词)+副词，如: much more beautifully
①He did his work here yesterday.他昨天在这里工作。
(副词短语here yesterday修饰动词did)
②Bill did the work very well.比尔做的这份工作很好。
(副词短语very well修饰动词did)
③We are all entirely responsible for our action
(副词短语all entirely, 修饰形容词短语responsible for)
副词短语 Adverb Phrases
Exercise Underline the adverb phrases.
1.You are driving too fast. Could you drive less slowly
2.Strangely enough, she didn’t seem to like ballet very much.
3.The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.
A small village
some school clubs
a beautiful campus of my school
really vey confusing
strong enough
good for nothing
quite well
far too fast
Underline the head word
Exercise
(Page 16, Activity 1, 2, 3)
Activity 1
1. The first week was a little confusing.
2. The building is so big that I'm completely lost.
3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.
Find and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories below. Then state their functions.
NP as the subject
AdjP as predicative
AdjP as predicative
AdjP as predicative
NP as the subject
NP as object
Activity 1
4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate.
5. The new coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
6. My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!
Find and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories below. Then state their functions.
AdvP as adverbial
NP as subject
AdvP as adverbial
NP as subject
AdjP as predicative
AdvP as adverbial
Activity 2
Answer the questions using the phrases in brackets.
1. How soon do you think you'll finish your homework (pretty soon)
2. What do you think of your new teachers (very nice and patient)
3. How many clubs have you joined this year (two clubs)
4. How well does Rita play the violin We need a new violinist in our music club.(quite well)
5. What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course (too difficult but very interesting)
I'll finish my homework pretty soon.
My new teachers are very nice and patient.
I have joined two clubs.
She plays the violin quite well.
The advanced literature course is too difficult but very interesting.
Joyce has just written a draft. Help her improve it by using phrases to add more information.
Activity 3
I’ve always wanted to be a high school cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for my school’s cheerleading team. It was really hard. First, we had to dance up and down around the basketball court for 20 minutes. The teacher showed us how to move, and then we tried very hard. Second, we practised singing a short fight song about the school basketball team. Finally, some of the stronger girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped very high and cheered so loudly. I think I did quite well in the try-out, but many of the other girls were even better. I’m not so sure whether I’ll make the cheerleading team this year or not.
Polished example
What do you think of the improved version
Is it necessary to make such improvement
What do you learn from the comparison
The phrases provide more specific details and enrich the meaning of the passage.
Homework
Polish your homework of last class. “ My Challenges in School ”. Use NP, Adj P and Adv P.
Thanks !

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