资源简介

(共17张PPT)
Unit 1 Teenage Life
Discovering Useful Structures
Phrases
短语或词组（Phrases）是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。
名词短语（Noun Phrases）：指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。
形容词短语（Adjective Phrases）：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。
副词短语（Adverb Phrases）：指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。
Phrases
名词短语(Noun Phrases)
（限定词）+（形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词）+名词+（介词短语）
在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补语。
a beautiful campus
some school clubs
a beautiful campus of my school
组成
功能
例子
Phrases
形容词短语(Adjective Phrases)
（副词）+形容词+（介词短语）
在句中当作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补语。
very suitable
really very confusing
strong enough
组成
功能
例子
再长的句子也是由这几个要素构成：
单词（word）；短语(phrase)；分句(clause)；句子(sentence)
短语
分类
名词短语（NP）
动词短语(VP)
形容词短语(adjP)
副词短语(advP)
介词短语(P.P)
Find and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories below. Then state their functions.
Activity 1
Improve a draft
Noun Phrase（NP）
word group with a noun as its head word
Adjective Phrase（AdjP）word group with an adjec-
tive as its head word
Adverb Phrase（AdvP）
word group with an adverb as its head word
Example:
1　The first week was a little confusing.
NP AdjP
名词短语
名词短语（Noun Phrase）
以名词为中心的短语
在句子中的作用相当于一个名词
在句中作主语、宾语、表语等
名词短语（Noun Phrase）的构成
① adj. + n. /n. + adj.
extra-curricular activities 课外活动
homeless people 无家可归的人
advanced maths 高等数学
② n. + n.
a woman doctor 一名女医生
③ n. + and + n.
teachers and students 老师和学生
名词短语的构成规则：
eg: the man in blue; a lot of work to do;
the first to come; the weather here;
a highway leading into the mountains
a highway which leads into the mountains
结构：名词+修饰语（后置定语）
放在被修饰名词的后面的修饰语：
here，there；介词短语；不定式；分词短语；定语从句
NP的功能：
eg:
1: The young man is a bus driver.
2: I have three close friends
3: They made him chairman of the meeting.
在句中当作名词用，一般做主语，宾语，
表语，或宾语补足语。
单句写作
1. 那些游客们回到宾馆，又累又困。
Those travelers returned to the hotel,
________________.
2. 他们很高兴地沿着这条路走着。
They walked along the way _________.
3. 史密斯先生决定吃的更健康。
Mr. Smith decided to eat ______________.
4. 期末考试令人难以置信地难。
The final exams were _________________.
5. 这个馅饼很好吃，但是非常贵。
This pie is ________ but ________________.
tired and sleepy
happily
more healthily
incredibly difficult
dilicious very expensive
6. 这只可爱的小猫在她的食物盘旁睡着了。
The _____________ fell asleep by her food
dish.
7. 到约会结束时，我对他相当厌倦。
By the end of the date, I was
__________________.
8. 白天越来越长，天气也越来越暖和。
The days get ____________ and the
weather gets ______________.
lovely kitty
pretty tired of him
longer
warmer
9. 这个健康苗条的女孩相当喜欢滑雪。
The ________________ girl is
_______________________skiing.
10. 两个男孩激动而紧张地跑到操场上。
Two boys ran _____________________ to
the playground.
healthy and slim
quite fond of
excitedly and nervously
I will finish my homework pretty soon.
My new teachers are very nice and patient.
Answer the questions using the phrases in brackets.
1. How soon do you think you’ll finish your homework (pretty soon)
2. What do you think of your new teachers (very nice and patient)
3. How many clubs have you joined this year (two clubs)
4. How well does Rita play the violin We need a new violinist in our music club. (quite well)
I have joined two clubs this year.
Rita plays the violin quite well.
5. What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course (too difficult but very interesting)
My adviser said that the advanced literature was too difficult but very interesting.
Joyce has just written a draft on page 16. Help her improve it by using noun/adjective/adverb phrases to add more information.

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