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专项提升
第二节 疑 问 句
知识梳理
一、疑问句的概念及分类
疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，询问情况。它分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种，在书写时句末用问号。因小学阶段比较少出现反意疑问句，反意疑问句也不在重点考查范围内，因此本章节重点分析一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和选择疑问句，不讨论反意疑问句。如：
一般疑问句：Is this your classroom？ 这是你的教室吗？
特殊疑问句：What is your name？你叫什么名字？
选择疑问句：Is your friend a boy or a girl？你的朋友是男孩还是女孩？
二、一般疑问句
1.一般疑问句的概念
一般疑问句通常用来询问一件事情是否属实，答句通常由“yes”或“no”引导，所以一般疑问句又称作“是非问句”，即“Yes/No questions”。朗读一般疑问句时用升调，而一般疑问句的简略答语则用降调。
2.陈述句改为一般疑问句的方法
情 况 方 法 举 例
句中含有be动词 将be动词置于句首 They are my friends. 他们是我的朋友。→Are they your friends 他们是你的朋友吗？
续表
情 况 方 法 举 例
句中含有情态动词 将情态动词置于句首 I will make a card for my mother. 我将会为我妈妈做一张卡片。→Will you make a card for your mother 你将会为你妈妈做一张卡片吗？
续表
情 况 方 法 举 例
句中含有实义动词 若谓语动词为原形，则在句首加Do We usually go to school on foot. 我们通常步行去上学。→Do you usually go to school on foot 你们通常步行去上学吗？
续表
情 况 方 法 举 例
句中含有实义动词 若谓语动词为第三人称单数形式，则在句首加Does，并把谓语动词变回原形 Mike cleans the room on the weekend. 迈克周末打扫房间。→Does Mike clean the room on the weekend 迈克周末有打扫房间吗？
续表
情 况 方 法 举 例
句中含有实义动词 若谓语动词为过去式，则在句首加Did，并把谓语动词变回原形 Ted played the piano last night. 特德昨晚弹钢琴了。→Did Ted play the piano last night 特德昨晚弹钢琴了吗？
【注】(1)将陈述句改为一般疑问句时，一般要将第一人称改为第二人称。如：
I am a lovely girl. 我是一个可爱的女孩。→Are you a lovely girl 你是一个可爱的女孩吗？
He is our new teacher. 他是我们的新老师。→Is he your new teacher 他是你们的新老师吗？
(2)陈述句中含有some或some-的合成词时，变为一般疑问句需将其改为any或any-的合成词；当some是固定搭配词组的组成部分时，则无需变化。如：
There is some water in the glass. 玻璃杯里有一些水。→Is there any water in the glass 玻璃杯里有水吗？
I do some shopping with my aunt on Saturday. 星期六我和我阿姨去购物。→Do you do some shopping with your aunt on Saturday 星期六你有和你阿姨去购物吗？
(3)对一般疑问句的回答要简洁，在yes/no之后，要用人称代词来代替问句中的主语。如：
A: Were Mike and John sick last week 上周迈克和约翰是不是生病了？
B: Yes, they were. 是的，他们生病了。
三、特殊疑问句
1.特殊疑问句的概念
以特殊疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子，叫作特殊疑问句。常见的特殊疑问词包括：what(什么)，when(什么时候)，where(哪里)，why(为什么)，how(怎么样)，which(哪一个)，who(谁)，whose(谁的)； 另外还有一些特殊疑问词
组，如：what time(什么时间)，what colour(什么颜色)，what size(什么尺码)，how many/much(多少/多少钱)，how long (多长；多久)，how tall（多高）,how heavy（多重），how often(多久一次)等。
2.常见的特殊疑问词(组)及其用法
特殊疑问词（组） 用 法 举 例
what 用于对指物的名词或动词短语提问 This is an apple. 这是一个苹果。→What's this 这是什么？
I read a book yesterday. 我昨晚看书了。→What did you do yesterday 你昨晚做了什么？
续表
特殊疑问词（组） 用 法 举 例
when 用于对时间提问 I go to school at 7. 我7点去上学。→When do you go to school 你什么时候去上学？
where 用于对地点提问 I am from China. 我来自中国。→Where are you from 你来自哪里？
续表
特殊疑问词（组） 用 法 举 例
why 用于对事情的原因提问 I like summer, because I can swim in summer. 我喜欢夏天，因为夏天我可以游泳。→Why do you like summer 你为什么喜欢夏天？
续表
特殊疑问词（组） 用 法 举 例
who 用于对人提问（用who对主语提问时，后面的谓语动词或助动词一般要用第三人称单数形式） That woman is my mother. 那个女人是我妈妈？→Who is that woman 那个女人是谁？
Susan plays the violin well. 苏珊小提琴拉得很好。→Who plays the violin well 谁拉小提琴拉得好？
续表
特殊疑问词（组） 用 法 举 例
whose 用于对物主代词和名词所有格提问，通常和名词连用 This bag is Mike's. 这是迈克的包。→Whose bag is this 这是谁的包？
续表
特殊疑问词（组） 用 法 举 例
how 用于对方式或程度等提问 Amy goes to school on foot. 艾米步行去上学。→How does Amy go to school 艾米怎么去上学？
which 用于对名词前的修饰词提问，必须和名词连用 I want the big_ backpack. 我想要这个大的背包。→Which backpack do you want 你想要哪一个背包？
续表
特殊疑问词（组） 用 法 举 例
what time 用于对时刻提问 It's 9：00 p.m. 现在是9点。→What time is it 现在是几点钟？
续表
特殊疑问词（组） 用 法 举 例
what colour 用于对颜色提问 The shirt is white. 这件衬衫是白色的。→What colour is the shirt 这件衬衫是什么颜色的？
续表
特殊疑问词（组） 用 法 举 例
how many 用于对可数名词数量提问 I can see 5 birds in the sky. 我看见天上有5只鸟。→How many birds can you see？你看见天上有多少只鸟？
续表
特殊疑问词（组） 用 法 举 例
how much 用于对价格提问，以及对不可数名词数量提问 The dress is 150 yuan. 这件连衣裙150元。→How much is the dress 这件连衣裙多少钱？
I bought 2 bottles of juice. 我买了两瓶果汁。→How much juice did you buy 你买了多少果汁？
续表
特殊疑问词（组） 用 法 举 例
how often 用于对时间频率提问 I water the flowers once a day. 我一天浇一次花。→How often do you water the flowers 你多久浇一次花？
续表
特殊疑问词（组） 用 法 举 例
how far 用于对距离提问 It's about two kilometres from here to the country. 农村离这里大约2公里远。→How far is it from here to the country 农村离这里大约多远？
【注】对日期、星期及天气的提问，分别用：
问日期：What's the date today 今天是几月几日？
问星期：What day is it today 今天星期几？
问天气：What's the weather like today = How's the weather today 今天天气怎么样？
四、选择疑问句
选择疑问句是指说话人对问题提出两个或两个以上的答案供对方选择的疑问句。这类疑问句由两部分组成：疑问句＋选项A+or+选项B？如：
Is your pen pal a boy or a girl？你的笔友是男孩还是女孩？
Do you like playing football，basketball or baseball？ 你喜欢踢足球，打篮球还是打棒球？
Which flower do you like， the pink one or the purple one？ 你喜欢哪一朵花，粉色的还是紫色的？
【注】1. 一般的选择疑问句不能用“yes”或“no”回答，而要作选择回答。如：
A: Is your pen pal a boy or a girl？你的笔友是男孩还是女孩？
B: A girl. 女孩。
2. 若回答不在给出的选择中，则可用“no”，后面加上对提问的回答。如：
A: Shall we walk or go by bus？我们走路去还是坐公共汽车去？
B: No， we shall go by taxi. 不，我们应该坐出租车去。
考点精析
【例1】Listen and choose. 听录音，选择最合适的应答句，并将其字母编号填在括号内。
( )1.A.It is orange.
B.It is an orange.
( )2.A.It's about 15 cm long.
B.It's about 1.5 m tall.
考查特殊疑问词的理解运用
考点1
听力材料：1.What colour is the bike
2.How long is the fish
解析:本题考查特殊疑问词组所构成的特殊疑问句。这要求学生熟记各疑问词组的意思和用法， 同时根据问句分析，选择正确答句是关键。第1小题问句中的What colour提问颜色；第2小题问句中的How long提问长度。
答案： 1.A 2.A
一、Read and fill. 根据句意，用适当的特殊疑问词组填空，使对话合理、通顺并符合逻辑。
1. A: ____________ is your schoolbag？
B: Blue.
2. A: ____________ do you get up on the weekend？
B: At 8：00 a.m.
What colour
What time
3. A: ____________ do you wear？
B: I wear size L.
4. A: ____________ is it today？
B: It's Friday.
5. A: ____________ students are there in your school
B: There are 1,100.
What size
What day
How many
二、Read and fill. 根据句意，用适当的特殊疑问词填空，使对话合理、通顺并符合逻辑。
1.A: ____________ bike is that？
B: It's Mike's.
2.A: ____________ is my mobile phone (手机)？
B: It's on the sofa.
Whose
Where
3.A: ____________ is your father？
B: He's fine.
4.A: ____________ umbrella is yours？
B: The blue one.
5.A: ____________ do you like autumn？
B: Because it's colourful.
How
Which
Why
【例2】Ask and Answer. 根据上下文，写出问句，使对话合理、通顺并符合逻辑。
1.A: Sammy, there is a coat over there.
______________________________________
B: Maybe it's Ben's.His coat is green.
考查疑问句在情景交际中的运用
考点2
2. A: There was an NBA basketball game on TV last night. _____________________________________
B: No, I had much homework to do.
解析:这类题主要考查根据答句写出问句的能力，要求学生读懂答句的句意和语境，写出符合语境的问句。第1小题答句中的Ben's是物主代词，故应用whose提问。第2小题答句用no回答，所以问句是一般疑问句。
答案：1.Whose coat is it？
2. Did you watch it
三、Read and write. 就画线部分提问。
1. I can run fast.
_____________________________________________
2. The pair of shoes is 98 yuan.
_____________________________________________
3. Jason wants the brown coat.
_____________________________________________
What can you do？
How much is the pair of shoes？
Which coat does Jason want？
四、Ask and answer. 根据上下文，补全对话，使对话合理、通顺并符合逻辑。
Sam: Mum, what's the weather like today 1._______________________
Mum: Yes, it is. So you should wear some warm clothes.
Sam: OK. 2._______________________
Is it cold
What time is it now
Mum: It's 9：00 a.m.
Sam: I want to play basketball. Where is my ball 3._______________________
Mum: No, it's not under your bed. It's behind the door.
Is it under my bed
过关检测
一、Read and choose. 读句子，选择正确的答案，并将其字母编号填在括号内。
( )1.Sam: ___ is your shirt？
Tom: It's black and white.
A.What B.What colour C.Which
B
( )2.Sarah: ___ room is it？
Amy: It's Mike's.
A.What B.Which C.Whose
( )3.John: ___ room is Lucy's？
Lily: The pink one.
A.What B.Which C.Whose
C
B
( )4.___ you like some milk？
A.Are B.Can C.Would
( )5.Zip: ___ cups of tea do you want？
Zoom: Two.
A.How many B.How much C.How far
C
A
( )6.Chen Jie: ___ milk do you want？
Lucy: Two glasses.
A.How many B.How much C.How far
( )7.Will she ___ tomorrow？
A.come B. comes C.coming
B
A
( )8.___ you ___ swimming this Saturday？
A.Will； go to B.Will； go C.Will； going
( )9.Tom: ___？
Mum: It's November 11th.
A.What day is it B.What time is it C.What's the date
( )10.How many ___ can you see？
A.bird B.birds C.a bird
B
C
B
二、Ask and answer. 根据上下文，写出一般疑问句，使对话合理、通顺并符合逻辑。
1. A: My mother is a teacher. _____________________________________________
B: No, she is a nurse.
2. A: I had a nice weekend. _____________________________________________ B: Yes, I did. I went to the park with my family.
Is your mother a teacher, too
Did you have a nice weekend, too
3. A: I want to go to the hospital. __________________________________________
B: No, you can't walk there. It's too far.
4. A: My sister goes to work by car. __________________________________________
B: No, she goes to work on foot.
Can I walk there /Can I go there on foot
Does your sister go to work by car, too
5. A: Your school changed a lot. __________________________________________
B: No, there was no library in our school.
Was there a library in your school
三、Ask and answer. 根据上下文，写出特殊疑问句，使对话合理、通顺并符合逻辑。
1. A: Weekend is coming. __________________________________________
B: We are going to fly kites in the park.
2. A: Beijing is far from here. __________________________________________
B: We went there by plane.
What are you going to do
How did you go there
3. A: I can't find my bag. __________________________________________
B: Look! It's under the desk.
4. A: This dress is so beautiful. __________________________________________
B: It's Amy's.
Where is the bag
Whose dress is it
5. A: I'm 50 kg. __________________________________________
B: I'm 1 kg lighter than you. I'm 49 kg.
How heavy are you /What about you
四、Read and write. 就画线部分提问。
1.My mother does some shopping on Friday night.
__________________________________________
2.Dickson sings a song at the party.
__________________________________________
3.She writes to her parents once a week.
__________________________________________
When does your mother do some shopping
Who sings a song at the party
How often does she write to her parents？
4.She is going to read a book this Sunday.
__________________________________________
5.I'm going to the zoo because I want to see the baby panda.
__________________________________________
What is she going to do this Sunday？
Why are you going to the zoo？

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