资源简介

(共111张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
Language Points
Ⅰ.核心单词
1．________ vi.& n. 行进；前进
2．________ n. 范围；界限
3．________ n. 典礼；仪式
4．________ n. 人物；数字；身材
vt. 认为
5．________ n. 收获
vi.& vt. 收割(庄稼)
march
range
ceremony
figure
harvest
6．________ vi. 集合
vt. 聚集；搜集
7．________ adj. 典型的，有代表性的
8．________ adj. 罪恶的
n. 邪恶；恶行
9．________ vt. 以……为特色
n. 特色；特征
gather
typical
evil
feature
Ⅱ.拓展单词
根据词义写单词并牢记拓展单词
1． __________ vt.祝贺，道贺→congratulation n．祝贺；恭喜
2． __________ n．起源；起因→original adj.原始的，最初的
3． __________ n．宗教；宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教的
4． __________ n．魅力→charming adj.迷人的
5． __________ n．高兴；喜悦→joyful adj.高兴的；快乐的
6． __________ n．感激之情；感谢→grateful adj.感激的
7． __________ adj.农业的→agriculture n．农业，农艺
8． __________ vt.装饰→decoration n．装饰；装修
congratulate
origin
religion
charm
joy
gratitude
agricultural
decorate
9． __________ adj.重大的；显著的→significance n．重要意义
10．__________ adj.商业(化)的→commercialise vt.使商业化→commercialisation n．商业化
11． __________ n．媒介　adj.中等的→(pl) media 媒体；新闻
12． __________ vt.显示；反映；反射→reflection n．反映；倒影→reflective adj.反光的
13． __________ n．信仰；信任→believe vt.相信
14． __________ n．宗教信仰；相信→faithful adj.忠实的
15． __________ n．时刻；场合；(适当的)机会→occasional adj.偶尔的→occasionally adv.偶然地
significant
commercial
medium
reflect
belief
faith
occasion
Ⅲ.阅读单词
1．lantern n. ________________
2．carnival n. ________________
3．costume n. ________________
4．riddle n. ________________
5．make-up n. ________________
6．crop n. ________________
7．church n. ________________
8．firecracker n. ________________
灯笼；提灯
狂欢节；嘉年华
服装；戏服
谜语；神秘事件
化妆品；性格
作物；庄稼
教堂
鞭炮
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．________________ 穿上盛装；装扮
2．________________ (从……到……之间)变动
3．________________ 逐渐消失
4．________________ 不管；尽管
5．________________ 利用；占……的便宜
6．________________ (兴趣、想法等方面)相同
7．after all ________________
dress (sb.) up
range from... to...
fade away
in spite of
take advantage of...
have sth. in common
毕竟；终究
Ⅴ.重点句型
1．不定式作目的状语
Children then take part in Easter egg hunts ________ the eggs and win prizes.
然后，孩子们参加复活节彩蛋搜寻活动，寻找彩蛋并赢取奖品。
2．with结构作伴随状语
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, ________ businesses ____________________________．
节日变得越来越商业化，同时这些生意会从中获利。
to find
with
taking advantage of the celebrations
3．although引导让步状语从句
________ some believe festivals should not be commercialised, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
尽管有一些人认为节日不应该变得如此商业化，但也有一些人认为消费增长有益于经济，也可以让大家感到幸福。
4．同位语从句
They are occasions ___________ allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.
它们是一个让我们得到放松、享受生活，并且暂时忘却工作的理由。
Although
that/which
Ⅰ.课文结构图解
Ⅱ.阅读理解(根据课文内容选择正确答案)
1．What do all the festivals have in common
A．They all originated from religions.
B．They are all connected with famous figures.
C．They all show the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love or peace.
D．They all have similar customs.
C
2．When was the Egyptian harvest season
A．Autumn. B．Summer.
C．Winter. D．Spring.
D
3．What's the function of the examples in Paragraph 2
A．To show the harvest festival is the most important in Egypt and China.
B．To show it is celebrated in almost all cultures.
C．To show the ways people celebrate it have changed.
D．To show all the people are grateful for the supply of crops.
B
4．Why have Chinese people in many big cities stopped lighting firecrackers
A．To protect the environment.
B．To save money.
C．To avoid injuries.
D．To get rid of old customs.
A
5．What is the writer's attitude towards the fact that festivals are becoming more and more commercial
A．Supportive. B．Objective.
C．Doubtful. D．Negative.
B
Ⅲ.文本素养提升：阅读技能综合运用
根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句。
1．Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children (非限制性定语从句), in spite of its religious origins (状语)．
译文：另外一个例子是万圣节，________________________________________________
_________。
它逐渐变成了令孩子们激动的节日，尽管它起源于宗教
2．Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised (让步状语从句), others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness (宾语从句)．
译文：___________________________，但是一些人认为_____________________________。
虽然一些人认为节日不应该商业化
消费增长有益于经济和公众的幸福
核心单词
1．range n．一系列；(变动或浮动的)范围、界限　vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化
(教材P4)They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events.节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。
a (wide/whole/full) range of 一系列的；各种各样的
in/within range (of) 在(……的)范围内
out of/beyond range (of) 超出(……的)范围
A range of buildings have sprung up along the river.沿河建起了一排建筑物。
Several cars are available within this price range.在这个价格范围内，有好几种汽车可供选购。
If the ball goes out of range, you will lose some points.如果球飞出了射程，你就会失去一些分数。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The piano is ________ our price range. We can afford it.
②The phenomenon is ________ range of my knowledge and I can't understand it.
③The boots range in price ________ $25 to $100.
④The two countries are separated by ________ range of mountains.
⑤He has had a number of different jobs, ________ (range) from the sailor to the actor.
⑥The school offers ____________________ (各种各样的) after-school activities to the school kids.
⑦It's difficult to find a house _____________________ (在我们的价格范围内).
in/within
beyond
from
a
ranging
a (wide/whole/full) range of
in/within our price range
2.origin n．起源；起因；出身
(教材P4)They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events.节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。
have one's origin(s) in 起源于
in origin 本质上，从起源上看
by origin 原籍为……；由于……的起源
Several of the major rivers of China have their origin in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
中国的几条主要河流都起源于青藏高原。
Many words in the English language are French in origin.英语中的许多词源于法语。
Many Americans are African by origin.许多美国人是非洲血统。
词语积累：
original adj.原来的，起初的
originally adv.原来，起初
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The family has its origin ________ Canada.
②After much discussion they settled on the plan __________ (origin) proposed.
③I'm a Chinese ________ origin.
④Some Japanese words are Chinese ________ origin.
⑤Many common English phrases and expressions ________________ (起源于) the Bible.
in
originally
by
in
have their origins in
3．figure n．人物；数字；身材　vt.认为，认定
(某事将发生或属实)；计算
(教材P4)They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events.节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。
keep one's figure 保持某人的身材
watch one's figure 注意某人的身材
have a good figure 身材好
The actress works out every day to keep her figure.这位女演员每天锻炼以保持她的身材。
Don't have too much meat, Tom. Watch your figure.汤姆，不要吃太多的肉。注意你的身材。
He still has a good figure even though he is in his fifties.
他虽然已经五十多岁了，但身材仍然很好。
词语积累：
figure (that)...认为……
figure out弄懂；计算出
figure in把……列入计算

语境助记：
We figured that he would arrive at around two o'clock.
我们估计他将在两点钟左右到达。
Let's go and figure out how much we have to pay for the project.
咱们去算算这个项目得花多少钱。
I figured in our train tickets but forgot the bus fares.
我把火车票算了进去，却把公共汽车费忘了。
即学即练　写出下列句中画线部分的含义/完成句子
①She is a leading figure in the music industry. ________
②They have figured out how much they will spend on the construction of the hospital. ________
③It's important for the figures to be updated regularly.________
④You'll lose your slim figure if you don't pay attention to your diet.____
⑤They figured it was better to stay where they were. ________
⑥If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you __________ (弄清楚).
⑦We __________ (把……算了进去) the travel expenses but forgot the cost of meals.
人物
计算出
数字
身材
认为
figure it out
figured in
4.joy n. [U]高兴；喜悦；[C]令人高兴的人(或事)；乐事
(教材P4)．..the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
……分享快乐、感恩、友爱或和平的精神存在于所有节日之中。
to one's (great) joy 令某人(非常)高兴的是
bring joy to sb. 给某人带来欢乐
jump for joy 高兴得跳起来
be filled with/be full of joy 充满欢乐
To his joy, the doctors finally found a cure for his disease.
使他高兴的是，医生们终于找到了治疗他疾病的方法。
They jumped for joy when they were told they would be given the good opportunity.
当被告知他们将得到这个好机会时，他们高兴得跳了起来。
The old man remembered the moment when his life was filled with joy.
老人回想起他的生活充满欢乐的那一刻。
词语积累：
joyful adj.高兴的；快乐的
a joyful occasion快乐的时刻
tears of joy喜悦的泪水
a feeling of joy喜悦之情
shouts/cries of joy欢呼
a sense of joy喜悦的感觉
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Listening to music is one of his greatest ________ (joy).
②They were singing and dancing to celebrate the ________ (joy) occasion.
③________ his joy, he was selected as a player of the football team.
④___________ (让我们高兴的是), she has been admitted into Beijing University.
⑤The riddles at the party _______________ (给我们带来了欢乐).
⑥The reunion with my families was __________________ (充满欢乐) and happiness.
joys
joyful
To
To our joy
brought joy to us
filled with/full of joy
5.gather vi.聚集；集合　vt.聚集；搜集；收割；增加
(教材P4)This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in.这一重要的农业节日会在所有庄稼收割完毕后举行。
gather in 收集；收割，收获
gather round/around 聚集，集合
gather together 聚集起来；合拢
gather up 采集；收拾
gather information 收集资料
gather speed/force 加快速度/加大力量
gather courage 鼓起勇气
When all the crops are safely gathered in, the farmers can rest.
当所有的庄稼都安全入仓后，农民们便可以休息了。
Gather round, children, and I'll tell you a story.孩子们，到我身边来，我给你们讲个故事。
Give me a few minutes to gather my thoughts together.
给我几分钟，让我把思绪集中一下。
He gathered up the books and put them away.他把书收拾好放了起来。
词语辨析：
gather与collect
(1)gather “聚集，集合”，指从各处聚集而来。
(2)collect指有目的地选择并系统地收集，侧重于“精心地、有选择地收集”。
I like gathering while my younger sister likes collecting stamps.我喜欢聚会，而我妹妹喜欢集邮。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子/辨析填空(gather/collect)
①Gathering ___________ the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.
②It looks as if it is going to rain. The clothes should be gathered ____．
③I spent a week ________ (gather) the courage to say no.
④We __________ (采集) from various sources a great amount of first-hand data.
⑤Can you all _________________ (聚过来) I've got something to tell you.
⑥The clouds __________________ (正在聚拢) and it's going to rain.
⑦Samples were ________ from over 200 patients.
⑧________ around, everyone, so that you can see the screen.
round/around
in
gathering
gather up
gather round/around
are gathering together
collected
Gather
6.grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的
(教材P4)People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year's supply of food.人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。
be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事而感激某人
be grateful to do sth. 因做某事而感激
They sent us a grateful letter.他们给我们寄来了一封感谢信。
I'm really grateful to you for your help.我真的很感激你的帮助。
She seems to think I should be grateful to have a job at all.
她似乎认为我有份工作就该谢天谢地了。
词语积累：
gratefully adv.感激地
gratitude n．感激，感谢

学法点拨：
I would be grateful if you could/would...句型常用于表达委婉的请求，意为“如果你能……我将感激不尽”。类似于I would appreciate it if you could/would...的用法。
I would be grateful if you could give me an early reply.
如果你能尽早给我答复，我将感激不尽。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I'd be very grateful ________ you could let me know as soon as possible.
②Any help or donations will be ________ (grateful) received.
③I tried to convey in my speech how grateful we all were ________ his help.
④I _________________ (因……对你表示感激) your help when I'm in trouble.
⑤____________________________________________________ (如果你能……我将感激不尽) send me the book immediately.
if
gratefully
for
am grateful to you for
I would be grateful if you could/would或I would appreciate it if you could/would
7.feature vt.以……为特色；由……主演；起重要作用　n．特色；特征；特点；面容，容貌
(教材P4)It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports.
庆祝活动主要是游行和丰盛的宴席，载歌载舞，并伴有体育活动。
The city is featured as its beautiful surroundings.
这座城市以其优美的环境而闻名。
The economy featured very largely in the Prime Minister's speech.
经济在首相的讲话中占极其重要的地位。
The island's chief feature was its beauty.这个岛的主要特色是风景秀丽。
词语积累：
feature...as以……为特色；由……主演
feature in在……方面起重要作用/占重要地位；在……中主演
the main/important feature主要的/重要的特征
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①________ interesting feature of the city is the old market.
②A study of language should feature ________ an English literature course.
③The film features David ________ the professor.
④She has already ____________ (在……中主演) two award-winning movies this year.
⑤______________ (主要特征) of this actress is an absence of facial expression.
An
in
as
featured in
The main feature
8.decorate vt.装饰；装潢
(教材P4)．..people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit...……人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政厅……
decorate...with... 用……装饰……
be decorated with 装饰着……
We decorated the Christmas tree with glass balls and coloured light.
我们用玻璃球和彩灯来装饰圣诞树。
Their classroom is decorated with portraits of scientists.他们的教室挂了几幅科学家的肖像。
词语积累：
decoration n．装饰；装饰品
a table decoration餐桌装饰物
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①We decorated the dragon boat ________ pictures of all kinds of animals.
②With its simple _________ (decorate), the main bedroom becomes a peaceful place.
③They _________ the apartment ________ (用……装饰) party lights.
④All the streets ____________________ (装饰有) colourful flags to celebrate the National Day.
with
decoration
decorated
with
are/were decorated with
9.significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的
(教材P4)Customs play a significant role in festivals...风俗在节日中扮演重要角色……
It is significant that... ……很重要/很明显。
a significant difference between...and... ……和……的明显差别
be significant (＝be of significance) 重要的
It is significant that girls do better than boys in this examination.
很明显，在这次考试中女生的考试成绩比男生的好。
There is a significant difference between the two languages.
这两种语言之间有很大的差别。
Your success today may be significant for your whole future.
你今天的成功对你的整个未来可能是重要的。
词语积累：
(1) significance n．重要性，意义
be of great/no significance/importance
意义重大/无关紧要，没有意义
attach (great/little) significance/importance to认为……(很/几乎不)重要
Both countries atttach great significance to developing economic cooperation and trade.两国都高度重视发展经贸合作。
(2)significant adj.＋-ly→significantly adv.有重大意义地，显著地
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Eating a good diet can ____________ (significant) lessen the risk of heart disease.
②Could you explain to me the ___________ (significant) of this part of the contract
③My parents attach great significance ________ honesty.
④They should pay attention to ____________________________ (……之间的显著差异) the two definitions.
⑤A theory, however good it is, is _______________ (没有意义) without being put into practice.
significantly
significance
to
the significant difference between
of no significance
10．fade vi. & vt.逐渐消失；(使)褪色；(身体)变得虚弱
(教材P4)．..some traditions may fade away and others may be established.
……一些传统可能会渐渐消失，而另一些则可能得以建立。
fade in (画面)淡入，渐显；(声音)渐强
fade out (画面)淡出，渐隐；(声音)渐弱
fade away 逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱
fade from 从……中消逝
fade into 在……里逐渐消失
We fade in the closing music as the hero rides off into the sunset.
随着主角朝着落日骑马而去，我们渐渐加大结尾音乐的音量。
The development of online education doesn't mean that teacher will fade out of the stage.
在线教育的发展并不意味着教师会淡出舞台。
The noise gradually faded away.喧闹声渐渐消失了。
The coastline faded into darkness.海岸线在黑暗中逐渐消失了。
词语积累：
fade into insignificance微不足道
Our problems fade into insignificance when compared with those of the people here.
与此处人们的问题相比，我们的问题微不足道。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He felt like picking up his studies again, but in the days that followed, this idea faded ________．
②A view of the grassland faded ________．
③The old style of the car gradually faded ________ of the market.
④With the development of society, some traditions __________ (逐渐消失).
⑤His name will never __________ (从……逐渐消失) the memory of the world.
away
in
out
fade away
fade from
11.typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的
(教材P4)One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year.中国春节燃放鞭炮以驱鬼神、贺新年这一典型风俗就是一个例子。
be typical of sb./sth. 是……的典型
It is typical of sb. to do sth. 某人经常做某事。
This wine is typical of the region.这种酒是本地区的特产。
It is typical of him to take hard jobs.抢艰苦的工作干是他的特点。
词语积累：
typically adv.典型地；具有代表性地
a typical feature/example/symptom典型的特征/事例/症状
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Jack is late again. It is typical of him ________ (keep) others waiting.
②The woman she acted in the film is typical ________ the women in the 1930s.
③The factory ________ (typical) produces 500 chairs a week.
④_______________ (她的一贯作风) to get straight to the point.
to keep
of
typically
It is typical of her
12.reflect v．显示；反映；反射；认真思考；沉思
(教材P5)They reflect people's wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life.
节日反映了人类的愿望、信仰、信念以及对生活的态度。
reflect on/upon 思考；反思
reflect back 反射；把……如实地反映出
reflect from 从……反射出
reflect in 在……中反射出来；在……中反映出来
reflect deeply/seriously 深思/认真思考
He paused for a moment and reflected on the work in front of him.
他停顿片刻，思考着他面前的工作。
The election results do not always reflect back the views of voters.
选举的结果并不总是真实地反映出选民的观点。
The light reflected from the water into my eyes.光线从水面反射进我的双眼。
The mountains are reflected in the water.群山倒映在水中。
词语积累：
reflection n．映像；反射；反映；沉思
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Sean's strong love for his country __________ (reflect) in his recently published poems.
②We should reflect ________ the likely reactions of the market before we act.
③Usually a child's behaviour is a ________ (reflect) of his family environment.
④The sea reflected ________ the bright sunlight.
⑤You should ________________ (认真思考) what you are to do in the future.
⑥The light ______________ (从……反射过来) the moon.
⑦White clouds ______________ (在……中映出) the lake.
is reflected
on
reflection
back
reflect seriously on
is reflected from
are reflected in
13.belief n．信仰；信心；信任
(教材P5)They reflect people's wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life.
节日反映了人类的愿望、信仰、信念以及对生活的态度。
One's belief is that... 某人相信/认为
It is one's belief that... 某人相信/认为……
in the belief that... 相信……
have belief in 相信……，信任……
beyond belief 令人难以置信
contrary to popular belief 与普遍的看法相反
My belief is that you should have excellent academic performance if you want to succeed in life.我认为，如果你想在生活中取得成功，你应该有优异的学习成绩。
It's my belief that her death was not an accident.我相信她的死亡并非一次意外事故。
He came to me in the belief that I could help him.他到我这来，相信我可以帮助他。
I have no great belief in his promises.我不大相信他许下的诺言。
He has changed beyond belief.他变得令人难以置信。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total ________ (believe) that you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
②It is my belief ________ we can rely on ourselves to solve the problem.
③I think that you should have belief ________ yourself.
④Some of the reports about him are _____________ (令人难以置信).
⑤He is very reliable. I ___________________ (相信) him.
⑥______________________ (与普遍的看法相反), there is no evidence that what you look like makes much difference to your life.
belief
that
in
beyond belief
have belief in/believe in
Contrary to popular belief
14.faith n．宗教信仰；信任；相信
(教材P5)They reflect people's wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life.
节日反映了人类的愿望、信仰、信念以及对生活的态度。
have faith in 相信……；信任……
lose faith in 不再信任……；对……失去信心
put faith in 对……抱有信心
break faith 背信弃义；失信
I haven't much faith in this medicine.我对这种药没有多大信心。
When you put faith in yourself, you will always be full of power.
当你对自己抱有信心时，你将永远充满力量。
Never break faith, or you will lose all your friends.
不要背信弃义，否则你将失去所有的朋友。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①How much should we put faith ________ anti-aging products
②We are all ________ (faith) listeners to the program.
③We took steps to ensure that rules should be ________ (faithful) carried.
④We have no reason to __________ (对……失去信心) the possibilities of the future.
in
faithful
faithfully
lose faith in
15.occasion n．特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会；场合
(教材P5)They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.节日是让我们放松、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。
on occasion 有时，偶尔
on one occasion 有一次；曾经
on this/that occasion 在这种/那种情况下
on the occasion of... 在……之际
if the occasion arises(＝if it becomes necessary) 如有机会
He has, on occasion, made a small mistake.他有时犯点小错误。
On one occasion I worked with a business owner who was experiencing a lot of stress.
有一次，我与一位承受着巨大压力的公司老板共事。
On this occasion, I would like to say a few words on language learning.
在此，我想就语言学习谈几点看法。
We all expect to hold an evening party on the occasion of the Moon Festival.
我们都希望在中秋节举办一场晚会。
I shall tell her what I think if the occasion arises.待有合适的时机，我会把我的想法告诉她。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①________ this occasion, he got a chance to go backstage to meet the actors.
②Describe an occasion ________ you had to give a presentation to an audience.
③He made _________ (occasion) visits to the cinema.
④___________ (occasional) she would go to an exhibition of Chinese paintings.
On
when
occasional
Occasionally
⑤This is not an occasion for laughter, ________ you must take things seriously.
⑥The artist will design posters for films __________ (有时).
⑦He was presented with the watch ______________ (在……之际) his retirement.
⑧She shouldn't have said such rude words _____________(在那种情况下).
where
on occasion
on the occasion of
on that occasion
第二版块|重要短语
1.in spite of不管；尽管
(教材P4)Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins.另一个例子是万圣节，虽然起源于宗教，但它渐渐成了孩子们纵情玩乐的一个节日。
In spite of the bad weather, we went fishing.我们不顾恶劣的天气而去钓鱼了。
误区警示：
in spite of为短语介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词等，不能跟that从句。
学法点拨：
(1) in spite of, regardless of, despite是(短语)介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词，不能引导从句。
(2)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”的连词有although, though, as (引导倒装句)
即学即练　完成句子/同义句转换
①___________________ (尽管年事已高), he was still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.
②In spite of the heavy rain, we went shopping yesterday.
→____________________________， we went shopping yesterday.(介词短语)
→____________________________， we went shopping yesterday.(状语从句)
In spite of his old age
Regardless of/Despite the heavy rain
Though/Although it rained heavily
2.take advantage of利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
(教材P5)Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。
I suggest you should take advantage of this opportunity.我建议你应该利用这个机会。
It is immoral to take advantage of others' kindness.利用别人的善良是不道德的。
You will be at an advantage if you have thought about the interview questions in advance.
如果你预先考虑过面试中提出的问题，你就会处于优势。
The condition is to the customers' advantage.这个条件对顾客有利。
Rich has an advantage over you since he can speak German.
理奇比你占优势，因为他会讲德语。
归纳拓展：
advantages and disadvantages利弊
be at an advantage处于优势
be at a disadvantage处于劣势
to one's advantage/disadvantage对某人有利/不利
have an advantage over比……有优势
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①We should take advantage ________ every chance to practise our spoken English.
②The situation is clearly ________ our advantage.
③The members of our team are more experienced and we have an advantage ________ their team.
④She is _____________ (处于优势) as her English is better than other applicants.
⑤I'm going to _______________ (利用)this tour to explore the history of the castle.
⑥It is unfair that males __________________ (比……有优势)females in applying for a job.
of
to
over
at an advantage
take advantage of
have an advantage over
3.have sth. in common(兴趣、想法等方面)相同；
有相同的特征
(教材P5)．..different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.
……不同的文化实际上有很多共同之处。
Though the two versions have much in common, there are some important differences.
这两个版本尽管有许多共同之处，还是有一些重要的差异。
They have little in common. They are on good terms with each other, though.
他们几乎没有共同点。不过，他们彼此关系很好。
Tom's parents have nothing in common in their manners.
汤姆的父母在举止上毫无共同之处。
In common with many others, she applied for a training place.
和许多人一样，她申请了一个训练地点。
词语积累：
have everything/something in common (with)(与……)一切都相同/有一些共同之处
have much/a lot in common (with)(与……)有许多共同之处
have little/nothing in common (with)(与……)几乎没有共同之处/没有共同之处
in common with与……一样
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①They have something ________ common—they both like classical music.
②Although they have little in common ________ each other, they are still good friends.
③The only thing we ______________ (有共同点)is that we've both been to France.
④Though they are twin sisters, they _________________ (几乎没有共同之处).
⑤_____________ (与……一样) many mothers, she feels torn between her family and her work.
in
with
have in common
have little in common
In common with
4.play a role in在……中起作用；参与；在……中扮演角色
(教材P4)Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time.习俗在节日中扮演着重要的角色，但有时它们会随着时间的推移而改变。
play an important role/part in 在……中起重要作用；在……中扮演重要角色
the role/part sb. plays in... 某人在……中起的作用/扮演的角色
The Panama Canal has played a very important role in transportation.
巴拿马运河在运输上起到了非常重要的作用。
The key role the teachers play in the learning process should not be ignored.
教师在学习过程中的关键作用是不该被忽视的。
He was invited to play a role in this TV play.他被邀请在这个电视剧里扮演一个角色。
归纳拓展：
play the role/part of Hamlet饰演哈姆雷特
the leading/starring role主角
a key/vital role关键/至关重要的作用
take on a role of扮演……角色；起……作用
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①We all think that she has played an important role ________ carrying out the plan.
②It's our hope that we will play ________ greater role in the market place and, therefore, supply more jobs.
③What an interesting role she ________ (play) in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar.
④The local leaders _________________ (发挥主导作用) in settling the dispute.
⑤Computers _________________________ (在……中起重要作用) our daily life.
in
a
played
played a leading role
play an important role/part in
5.over time随着时间的推移；久而久之
(教材P4)Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time.习俗在节日中扮演着重要的角色，但有时它们会随着时间的推移而改变。
all the time 一直
from time to time 偶尔，有时
in no time 立即，马上
at the same time 同时
比较：随着时间的推移
as time passes/goes by
as引导时间状语从句：as＋从句
＝with time going by
with复合结构；with＋名词＋现在分词
即学即练　完成句子
①随着时间的推移，随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切成小块，这样就能煮得更快。
____________， as/when the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
②随着时间的流逝，他的设计越来越精致了。
____________________________， his design has been fancier and fancier.
Over time
As time goes by/With time going by
6.in order to为了
(教材P4)Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pullution.如今，许多大城市为了避免空气污染已经放弃了这一习俗。
他戴上了眼镜，以便看清楚它。
He put on his glasses in order to see it clearly.
＝In order to see it clearly, he put on his glasses.
＝He put on his glasses so as to see it clearly.
＝He put on his glasses in order that/so that he could see it clearly.
说明：
(1)in order to和so as to表目的
·in order to可以放在句首或句中，否定形式是in order not to。
·so as to一般不放在句首，否定形式是 so as not to。
(2)in order that/so that可以引导目的状语从句，从句中常含有can，may，could, might等情态动词。
即学即练　完成句子
①为了确保我们都身体健康，她为我们制订了具体的计划。
__________ make sure all of us are in good health, she makes specific plans for us.
②为了做出改变，你需要确定它为什么重要。
___________make a change，you need to decide why it's important.
③为了不被听见，她向上伸出手指示意楼上有人在走动。
___________________， she pointed her finger upwards to signal that someone was moving about upstairs.
④为了让我们其余的人能够过上安全的生活，我们城市的警察工作很努力。
The police officers in our city work hard __________________ the rest of us can live a safe life.
In order to
In order to
In order not to be heard
in order that/so that
第三版块|典型句式
1.“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
(教材P4)However, no matter how different they may seem...然而，无论节日看起来多么不同……
[句式分析]　no matter how意为“不管多么……，无论多么……”，引导让步状语从句，相当于however，此时其后接形容词或副词的原级，即“no matter how＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语”。
No matter how busy you are, your kids deserve this time with you.
不管你有多忙，你的孩子都应该和你在一起。
学法点拨：
(1)“疑问词＋-ever”类词有whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever, wherever, whenever, however，它们可引导让步状语从句，此时通常可以转换为“no matter＋疑问词”。
Whenever/No matter when you are free, you can come here for a cup of tea.
不管你什么时候有空，都可以来这里喝杯茶。
(2)whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever还可引导名词性从句，此时不能转换为“no matter＋疑问词”。
Whoever leaves the room last should close the door.无论谁最后离开房间，都应该把门关上。
I am ready to do whatever you want me to do.我随时准备好做任何你想要我做的事。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①No matter ________ you may do, do it well.
②No matter ________ carefully I explained, she still didn't understand.
③No matter ________ Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
④_____________________________ (不管你怎么努力尝试), it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
⑤We promise ___________________________ (任何参加晚会的人) a chance to have a photo taken with the scientist.
⑥____________________________ (无论她去哪里), there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
what
how
where
However/No matter how hard you try
whoever attends the evening party
Wherever/No matter where she goes
2.make＋it＋adj./n.＋ (for sb.) to do sth.
(教材P5)Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物。
[句式分析]　该结构中，it是形式宾语，动词不定式短语作真正的宾语，it后的形容词或名词作宾语补足语，for用于引出不定式的逻辑主语。
The food made it possible for him to survive.食物使他有可能活下来。
She made it her business to find out who was responsible.她一定要查清楚到底该谁负责。
I don't think it possible for us to master a foreign language without much memory work.
我认为我们不可能在不做大量记忆工作的情况下掌握一门外语。
No matter where he is, he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
不管他在哪里，他总是在早饭前散步。
学法点拨：
make/feel/find/think＋it＋adj./n.＋

语境助记：
He feels it her duty to look after the kids well. 他觉得她有责任好好照顾孩子们。
I thought it a pity that you didn't come to the party.我认为你没来参加聚会很可惜。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The big brains make ________ harder for the body to move around and consume more energy.
②As a doctor, I consider it my duty ________ (cure) the patients of their diseases.
③My parents think ________ important to be honest and modest.
④He _____________(明确表示了) what he intended to do.
⑤The young college graduate considers it his responsibility __________________ (供养他的家庭).
⑥We ______________ (发现这是可能的) to rid people of the disease when it spread.
⑦Lin Qiaozhi __________________ (把……当作她的责任) to deliver babies for poor families.
it
to cure
it
made it clear
to support his family
found it possible
considered it her duty
3．with的复合结构
(教材P5)Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。
[句式分析]　构成：with＋宾语＋宾补
在句中常作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、条件或伴随等。具体形式主要有：
with＋宾语＋s
I can't work with all that noise going on.吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法工作。
With his hair cut, he looked much younger.他理了发，看上去年轻多了。
With so much work to do, I can't go on holiday.有这么多工作要做，我不能去度假。
He often sleeps with the windows open.他经常开着窗户睡觉。
He left the room with the light on.他开着灯离开了房间。
语境助记：
The teacher came in with a book in his hand.老师手里拿着一本书走了进来。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction, with only a few elderly speakers ________ (leave).
②I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time ________ (get) there before dark.
③China's image is improving steadily, with more countries ___________ (recognize) its role in international affairs.
④由她负责，我相信一切都会好起来的。
_________________， I was confident all would be OK.
left
to get
recognizing
With her in charge
4．although引导让步状语从句
(教材P5)Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised, others believe the increase...is good...尽管有人认为节日不应该被商业化，但是也有人认为增加……有利于……
[句式分析]　although意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，通常可与though互换。
although/though/as均可引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可与yet, still等连用。
I have a headache. It's nothing much, though.我头疼，不过并不厉害。
词语辨析：
①although引导让步状语从句时，从句用正常语序。
though引导让步状语从句时，从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。用倒装语序时，作表语的形容词或名词提至句首。
as引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序，把表语、状语或谓语动词中的实义动词提至句首。作表语的单数可数名词放在句首时，要省略冠词。
②though还可用作副词，放在句末；although则不能。
即学即练　单句语法填空/单句写作
①_______________ it was raining hard, (yet) we still went on working.
②Child ________ she was, she had a good command of English.
③虽然他很固执，但我已经说服了他和我们一起去。
___________________________________________________
Although/Though
though/as
Although he is very stubborn, I have persuaded him to go with us.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The largest studio in the hall is an open-plan activity space, ________ (以……为特色) a small making-up room and a practice room.
2．Now it is not the right time for you to ________(装饰), dress up yourself and walk around.
3．Effects and ___________ (重要性)of the feedback play an important role in teaching.
4．________(通常), you should enable yourself to adapt to the new environment.
5．My aim is to be admitted into one of the most popular majors at this university—English, ________ (商务) and economics.
featuring
decorate
significance
Typically
commerce
6．There is a wide ________ (范围) of energy sources, coal, oil, natural gases, water power, nuclear power and so on.
7．In addition to the ordinary shipping documents, please also submit certificate of ________ (起源) for each shipment.
8．Her aim is to own a slim ________ (身材), so she decided to lose weight from now on.
9．I have the opportunity to visit the island, whose ________ (魅力) lies in its unspoiled beauty.
10．To my ________ (高兴), I have a chance to look for another more suitable job where I can thoroughly perform my ability.
range
origin
figure
charm
joy
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated ________ houseplants.
2．Through participating in this picking activity, I have become aware of the ________ (significant) of work.
答案与解析：with　decorate...with...用……装饰……，此处用了被动语态。句意：在另一项(研究)中，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们被证明工作效率会提高15%。
答案与解析：significance　名词作介词of的宾语。句意：通过参与这次采摘活动，我认识到了工作的重要性。
3．But his smile ________ (fade) as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers, in thought.
4．Caffeine, a chemical ________ (typical) found in coffee, has caused a lot of concern because it is one of the few drugs that show up regularly in our food supply.
答案与解析：faded　根据从句中的rubbed可判断用一般过去时。句意：但当他用瘦骨嶙峋的手指摩擦着胡须，陷入沉思时，他的笑容消失了。
答案与解析：typically　副词typically修饰found。句意：咖啡因，一种通常存在于咖啡中的化学物质，已经引起了很多关注，因为它是少数几种经常出现在我们的食物供应中的药物之一。
5．________ spite of all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.
6．If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage ________ Apple Day to see what's around.
答案与解析：In　in spite of尽管。句意：尽管有这些问题，有几个运动员还是表现得很出色。
答案与解析：of　take advantage of利用。句意：如果你是一个果农，或者想成为果农，利用苹果日看看周围有什么。
7．When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that ________ (reflect) my interest.
8．“This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special ________ (occasion) would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands，” Adeline says.
答案与解析：reflected　该句讲述的是过去的事情，故谓语动词用过去式形式。句意：当我要为一门课程做最后的决定时，我决定申请一门反映我兴趣的课程。
答案与解析：occasions　occasion为可数名词，由该句语境可知应使用复数。句意：“这枚奖章对我的父母来说非常珍贵。只有在特殊的场合，他们才会把它拿出来，让我们拿在手里，”艾德琳说。
9．A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little ________ common.
10．Experts say the way you design your home could play ________ role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.
答案与解析：in　have little in common“几乎没有共同之处”。句意：一位科学家在她的实验台上工作，一个六个月大的婴儿在玩他的食物，这两者似乎没有什么共同之处。
答案与解析：a　play a role in“在……中起作用”。句意：专家说，你设计房子的方式可能会对你的体重的增加或减少有影响。
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．不管你离我们有多么遥远，我们永远挂念你。
_____________ faraway you are, you are always in our inner thoughts.
2．我在演播室里坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。(with复合结构)
I sat in the studio for a few minutes __________________________．
3．我们的目标是在不牺牲他们的生活方式的情况下，使他们更容易做到那一点。
Our aim is to ________________________________ without sacrificing their lifestyle.(make it＋adj./n.＋for sb. to do sth.)
No matter how
with my eyes fixed on the ceiling
make it easier for them to do that
4．虽然我们不能抹掉过去，但是从现在起我们可以超越它。
_______________ we cannot erase the past, from now on we can go beyond it. (although/though引导让步状语从句)
5．跳槽是美国人的一个特征，他们喜欢尝试各种各样的工作。
____________________ to hop from job to job and they are fond of trying various kinds of jobs.
Although/Though
It is typical of Americans
Ⅳ.选择合适的短语填入下列句中(注意动词形式)
range from...to..., figure out, to my joy, with gratitude, be grateful to, decorate...with, play a significant role in, over time, fade away, be typical of
1．__________， though, you will be capable of learning from your mistakes and discover the key issues.
2．I will write to my teacher ____________； I can't recover so fast without my teacher.
3．As we all know, carnival and samba ____________ Brazilian culture.
4．Thanks for the advice, but this is something I have to _________ myself. After all it is my private thing.
Over time
with gratitude
are typical of
figure out
5．I feel so sorry about the losing arts. In my opinion, they are so classical and their charm will never __________．
6．His interests _________ soccer ________ chess. He takes advantage of all his spare time to practise them.
7．Advertising _____________________ American business. Moreover, it exerts enormous effects on the nation's economy.
8．__________， he fell in love with various kinds of performances.
9．If you ____________ life, it will bring you the firm belief that you will succeed one day.
10．_____________ these to the Christmas tree and they will be sure to lift your mood.
fade away
range from
to
plays a significant role in
To my joy
are grateful to
Decorated with
Ⅴ.短文语法填空
Festivals have a wide range of origins. However, no matter how different they may seem, the spirit of the festivals is common.
People in many countries celebrate the harvest festival to show they are 1.________ (thank) for the year's supply of food. The forms of celebration 2.________ (be) different in different countries. Though customs are of great 3.___________ (significant), they also change over time. Some traditions may fade away, while others may 4.___________ (establish). For example, people in many big cities have give up lighting firecrackers 5.________ (avoid) air pollution.
thankful
are
significance
be established
to avoid
Festivals are becoming more 6.__________ (commerce), about which people have different opinions. Festivals are occasions 7._________ allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for 8.________ while. If you study festivals 9.________ (careful), you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot 10.________ common.
commercial
which/that
a
carefully
in
Ⅵ.短文写作
利用下面所给的词汇，写一篇50词左右的小短文。
要求：至少要用上其中的5个词汇，用到的词汇在文中用下划线标出。
range, religion, figure, joy, gratitude, gather, grateful, feature, decorate, church, significant, typical, take advantage of, reflect, faith, occasion
We took advantage of the weekend to go to the zoo. The animals there ranged from parrots to elephants, which brought us much joy. Near the zoo was a church, which was typical of the European style. On some significant occasions the church was decorated with flowers.

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