资源简介

(共57张PPT)
UNIT 1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
Section C Discovering Useful Structures
Lead-in
Have you ever heard about the festival named Thanksgiving Day
一、问题导学1 6’
Read the sentences below and discuss the functions and meanings of the red words.
1. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, Families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.（教材P4）
2. But, to be frank, the firework going off throughout the night were really annoying. (教材P4)
3. He stood beside the swimming pool, preparing to dive in.
二、点拨精讲2 6’
1. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, Families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.（教材P4）
2. But, to be frank, the firework going off throughout the night were really annoying. (教材P4)
现在分词作定语
现在分词短语作定语
3. He stood beside the swimming pool, preparing to dive in.
动名词作定语
=But, to be frank, the firework which went off throughout the night were really annoying.
=He stood beside the pool for swimming, preparing to dive in.
● These lanterns are amazing.
● During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
● Families celebrating the Lunar New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together.
1. Read the sentences below and discuss the functions and meanings of the–ing form.
用作表语，位于系动词后面，说明主语是什么或怎么样
前置定语，修饰、限定，说明后面名词的品质与特征
后置定语，修饰前面的名词Families
前置定语
● I think the Rio Carnival would be the most exciting. (表语)
● It’ll be too tiring to walk or dance for a long time in those shoes. (表语)
● Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins. (定语)
● You look amazing in your kimono. (表语)
1. Find more examples from the unit.
Let’s learn
Read the following messages posted by some exchange students on an Internet forum. Underline the -ing form used as the attribute or the predicative.
Today 9:05 am Sunnyli Discussion: Which festival is the best
Rio Carnival! I spent a really fun day there with my friends. It was great fun walking along the streets, enjoying the relaxing atmosphere! The performances were just amazing.
Today 9:11 am Vincent1119 The Spring Festival in China, especially the dinner on the Lunar New Year's Eve! All family members get together. And I get lucky money in red envelopes from my parents and relatives, so it's always an exciting time for me.
Let’s learn
Today 10:11 am Wizard_Oz Perhaps Thanksgiving. What could be better Families getting
together and eating delicious food, people watching sports games on TV, friends laughing and talking, etc. Plus there's Black Friday, if shopping is your thing.
Today 10:24 am Cooper_08 I think it's Christmas. I just can't take my eyes off the shining
lights on the Christmas trees everywhere. Lots of smiling faces, and people singing Christmas carols and wishing each other "Merry Christmas!"
Complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form
La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are ___________ because people are just eating. However, this festival is ___________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other!
boring
interesting
The number of people ___________ part in this tomato fight can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very ___________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The ___________ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. This is because the juice from tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!
taking
exciting
amazing
Answer the questions according to the article above.
Where are those people
What are they doing
Why are they so excited
They are in a town named Bunol in Spanish.
They are throwing tomatoes at each other.
There are so many people taking part in this tomato fight and the fight lasts for a whole hour.
词汇一　atmosphere n. 气氛；氛围；（地球的）大气（层）
◆教材原句
It was great fun walking along the streets， enjoying the relaxing atmosphere!
走在街上，享受着轻松的气氛，真是太有趣了!
◆要点必记
in the atmosphere 在大气中 pollution of the atmosphere 大气污染
an easy atmosphere 轻松的氛围 family/home atmosphere 家庭气氛
create an atmosphere 创造一种氛围
题组练·领悟方法
核心词汇
◆误区警示
atmosphere 如果作定语从句的先行词，且从句中缺少状语，则用where引导定语从句。
◆词语辨析
atmosphere 与air
·atmosphere 指地球上的空气，即大气层；也指气氛。
·air 指空气，也泛指一般气体。
单句语法填空
（1） My parents tried to create 　　　　 easy atmosphere to make me relaxed.
（2） She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students __　　　　 allows them to communicate freely with each other.
（3） Creating an atmosphere 　　　　　　__ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
单句写作
（4） The hotel ___　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　（有一种愉快轻松的氛围）.
（5） The meeting was going on ____　　　　 　　　　 　　（ 在友好的氛围中）.
an
that/which
where/in which
has a lovely and relaxed atmosphere
in a friendly atmosphere
词汇二　take place 发生；举行（不用于进行时态和被动语态）
◆教材原句
La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August.
番茄大战是每年八月在西班牙小镇布尼奥尔举行的一个节日。
◆要点必记
take the place of = take one’s place 代替
in place of = in one’s place 代替
in place 在正确位置；准备就绪
out of place 位置不当；不恰当
◆词语辨析
take place，happen，occur，break out 与come about
·take place（根据安排或计划）发生
·happen（偶然）发生；碰巧
·occur 发生，occur to sb. 表示“（观念或想法）被某人想到”
·break out（战争、火灾、疾病等）突然发生、爆发
·come about（未经计划）发生、产生，常与how 连用
◆一言辨异
When the earthquake occurred/happened， many people happened to be out. After the earthquake an emergency rescue took place. Fortunately，no fire broke out during the earthquake. 地震发生的时候，许多人碰巧不在家。地震过后，一场紧急救援开始了。幸运的是，地震期间没有发生火灾。
单句语法填空
（1） The professor likes to put everything 　　　　 place.
（2） It would be difficult to find a man to take 　　　　 place of the secretary.
（3） Some of these books are 　　　　 of place. Please put them in right order.
（4） No one can be 　　　　 place of him in French literature.
单句写作
（5） Can I rely on it that this won’t 　　　　 　（发生）again
（6） Your teacher is ill，so I will 　　　　 　　　　 （ 代替）him to teach you English.
（7） I like to have everything 　　　　 （在正确位置）.
in
the
out
in
take place
take the place of
in place 　
辨析填空（take place/happen/occur/break out/come about）
（8） The disaster 　 　　　　　　　　 at midnight，when most people were asleep.
（9） This year’s event will 　 　　　 on November 19th，a week earlier than usual.
（10）A terrible fire 　 　　　 last night，but fortunately，no one was killed or injured.
（11）She was late again，but I’m not sure how it 　 　　　　 this time.
（12）It suddenly 　 　　　 to me that we could advertise for a new sales director.
occurred/happened
take place
broke out
came about
occurred
It occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想到……
词汇三　take part in 参加，参与
◆教材原句
The number of people taking part in this tomato fight can reach up to 20，000...
参加西红柿大战的人数可以达到2 万人……
◆要点必记
take part 参加
take an active part in 积极参加
play a part in 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色
◆误区警示
take part in 中，当 part 前有形容词修饰时，要加上不定冠词。若无宾语，则不用in。
◆词语辨析
take part in，join in，join 与 attend
·take part in 指参加群众性活动，并在其中发挥作用。
·join in 多指参加正在进行的活动或运动，常可与 take part in 换用。
·join 指加入某个组织或团体，成为其中的一员，也可指加入某人的行列。
·attend 指参加会议、婚礼、典礼或上课、上学等。
单句语法填空
（1）With his teacher’s encouragement，he determined to take part 　　　　 the speech contest.
（2） Nowadays women are taking 　　　　 active part in social activities.
单句写作
（3） One of the girls who 　　　　 　（参加）the talent show impressed us most.
（4） There will be a football match next week，but he won’t 　　　　（参加）.
（5） His parents hope he can 　　　　 　　　　 （积极参加）various school activities.
in
an
took part in
take part
take an active part in
辨析填空（take part in/join in/join/attend）
（6） He stared at them without 　　　　 the conversation.
（7）［2018·全国Ⅲ 卷］In the writing class，some of us were confident and eager to _______________the class activity；others were nervous and anxious.
（8） I hope everybody will 　　　　 the meeting at 10 am tomorrow.
（9） I apologised for not being able to 　　　　 you for dinner.
joining in
take part in
attend
join
词语辨析：
take place, happen, occur, break out与come about
(1)take place(根据安排或计划)发生
(2)happen(偶然)发生；碰巧
(3)occur发生，occur to sb.表示“(观念或想法)被某人想到”
(4)break out(战争、火灾、疾病等)突然发生、爆发
(5)come about(未经计划)发生、产生，常与how连用
When the earthquake occurred/happened, many people happened to be out. After the earthquake, an emergency rescue took place. Fortunately, no fire broke out during the earthquake.地震发生的时候，许多人碰巧不在家。地震过后，一场紧急救援开始了。幸运的是，地震期间没有发生火灾。
即学即练　辨析填空(take place/happen/occur/break out/come about)
①The disaster _______________ at midnight, when most people were asleep.
②This year's event will ________ on November 19th, a week earlier than usual.
③A terrible fire ________ last night, but fortunately, no one was killed or injured.
④She was late again, but I'm not sure how it _________ this time.
⑤It suddenly ________ to me that we could advertise for a new sales director.
occurred/happened
take place
broke out
came about
occurred
第三版块|典型句式
it作形式主语的句式总结
(教材P6)It was great fun walking along the streets, enjoying the relaxing atmosphere!
走在街上，享受着轻松的气氛，真是太有趣了！
it作形式主语的句式总结：
It occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想到……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is said that... 据说……
It is known to all that... 众所周知……
It's suggested that... 有人建议……
It's believed that... 人们相信……
It hit(s) me (that)... 我突然想到……
很可能……
It is no use/no good doing sth. 做某事是没有用的。
It is a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间。
It is no fun doing sth. 做某事没有乐趣。
说明：
it用作形式主语时，真正的主语有三种形式：
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is traditional ________ (bring) a gift to a housewarming party.
②It is very likely ________ Jacob will dislike the plan.
＝Jacob is very likely to dislike the plan.
③It's no good ___________ (complain)—they never listen.
④据说，25—34岁的人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。
___________ about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.
to bring
that
complaining
It is said that
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①There is a small river ________ (flow) through the farm.
②The stadium ___________ (build) at present in our city is intended for the coming Asian Games.
③The flowers ________ (smell) sweet in the garden attract the visitors to enjoy the beauty of nature.
④There is a lot of evidence ________ (show) that staring at the computer for a long time does harm to our eyes.
⑤A woman asked the primary school in her neighborhood to accept her six-year-old son, who has a ________ (hear) disability.
⑥There's a note pinned to the door ________ (say) when the shop will open again.
flowing
being built
smelling
showing
hearing
saying
⑦Last night, there were millions of people ________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.
⑧The park was full of people, ____________________________ (他们在阳光下尽情欢乐).
⑨The room is empty except for a bookshelf __________________ (立在一角).
⑩The man _______________ (坐在后面) is Mr Smith.
Those people ____________________ (希望加入这个俱乐部) should sign here.
watching
enjoying themselves in the sunshine
standing in one corner
sitting at the back
hoping to join this club
V-ing形式作定语
The –ing form
一、现在分词作定语：
1.单个动词的-ing形式作定语，位于被修饰名词的前面
tiring music
music that is tiring
a surprising result
a result that is surprising
（1）表示被修饰者的动作或状态。
（2）形容词化的动词-ing形式作定语，相当于形容词，用来修饰物，表示其 _________ ，意为“令人……的”。
常用的此类词有：exciting，amusing，astonishing，shocking，puzzling，confusing.
特征或性质
a surprising result
an exciting story
2.现在分词（短语）作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之
后, 意思上相当于一个定语从句。
They lived in a room facing the street.
(= that faces the street)
The man standing there is Peter’s father.
(= who is standing there is Peter’s father. )
Anybody swimming in this river will be fined.
(= who is swimming in this river will be fined )
3.现在分词（短语）也可以用作非限制定语, 相当于一
个非限制性定语从句, 这时, 它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。
His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
=His brother, who is working as a teacher,
lives in Beijing.
The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
=The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
动名词作定语时说明被修饰名词的 ，
常在句中作前置定语，且与被修饰的没有逻辑上的
主谓关系。
用途和性能
a fishing net (=a net for fishing)
a walking stick (=a stick for walking)
渔网
拐棍
二、动名词（短语）作定语：
现在分词：表示动作正在进行
The problem being discussed at the meeting is very important.
三、现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的区别：
The problem discussed at the meeting is very important.
The problem to be discussed at the meeting is very important.
过去分词：表示动作已经完成
不定式：表示动作将要发生
即时训练
单句语法填空.
1. When we got a call (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.（教材P4）
saying
2. And the story poses an (interest) question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days
interesting
3.Chinese New Year is a celebration_________(mark) the end of the winter season and the beginning of the spring.
marking
三、问题导学2 6’
Read the sentences below and discuss the functions and meanings of the red words.
1. This report was so inspiring that we all talked about it warmly.
2. The snake looked quite frightening and the lady let out a scream at the sight of it.
3. My full-time job is teaching English, which means I make a living by teaching.
4. One of his weakness is telling lies.
四、点拨精讲2 6’
1. This report was so inspiring that we all talked about it warmly.
2. The snake looked quite frightening and the lady let out a scream at the sight of it.
3. My full-time job is teaching English, which means I make a living by teaching.
4. One of his weakness is telling lies.
现在分词作表语
现在分词作表语
动名词作表语
动名词作表语
1.现在分词作表语，表示主语所具有的 ，相当于形容词
特征或性质
2.动名词作表语，多指 的动作。
抽象的、一般性
作表语的现在分词和进行时态的现在分词的区别：
① 作表语的现在分词表示主语的特征和性质。
② 进行时态中的现在分词表示主语正在进行
的动作。
The situation in our country is encouraging.
The situation in our country is encouraging the people.
（表语）
（进行时态）
Notice：
1.有的现在分词已被当作形容词使用，常用来作表语的现在分词有confusing，disappointing，boring，encouraging，inspiring，moving，tiring，interesting，surprising.
2.动名词作表语，具体说明主语的内容，即主语等同于表语，两者可互换。
His concern for his mother is most moving.
The main thing is getting there in time.
=Getting there in time is the main thing.
即时训练
1.People want to listen to someone who is (interest), relaxed and comfortable.
2.Landing on the moon’s far side is extremely (challenge).
3.People are deeply (touch) by his concern for his mother
语法填空
interesting
challenging
touched
Notice：由及物动词转化的-ed形式的形容词作表语时，多表示主语所处的状态。
四、课堂小结 5’
V-ing
定语
表语
现在分词
动名词
现在分词
动名词
动作或状态
特征或性质
用途和性能
特征或性质
抽象的、一般性
课后练习
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．“I gradually like the __________ (气氛) and the enthusiasm around the club，” he said.
2．Write your address on the back of the ________ (信封) in addition to your name.
3．Seeing the interesting lantern, she turned away her face with a ________ (愉快的), ringing laugh.
4．Some people also make lanterns out of big orange ________ (南瓜).
atmosphere
envelope
merry
pumpkins
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
(A)词汇专练
1．The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________ his employees enjoy their work.
2．It was a change that ________ (take) place without being noticed though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state.
答案与解析：where　where引导定语从句，指代先行词an easy atmosphere，在从句中作模糊的地点状语。句意：这家公司的老板正设法创造一种轻松的气氛，使员工们喜欢他们的工作。
答案与解析：took　根据前面的was可判断出该处讲述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。句意：这一变化的发生虽然极为重要，却没有引起注意，这种精神上的变化影响了整个国家。
3．You will be able to take part ________ a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor.
4．Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant (不相关的) information. Make a point, and make ________ safe for others to do the same.
答案与解析：in　take part in参加。句意：你将能够参加许多活动，从划独木舟到达特穆尔的野外露营。
答案与解析：it　it为形式宾语，to do the same是真正的宾语。句意：一定要紧扣主题，不要提供不相关的信息。提出自己的观点，并使其他人做同样的事情是安全的。
5．They sang and danced ________ and had a ________ carnival. (merry)
6．________ is our desire that you be easy about all of this.
7．It is no use _________ (gather) together.
8．It is necessary for you ________ (take) advantage of this good opportunity.
9．It is obvious ________ the meeting to be held tomorrow is greatly significant.
merrily
merry
It
gathering
to take
that
(B)语法专练
1．Chinese New Year is a celebration ________ (mark) the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
2．While enjoying being close to nature, we began to help pick peaches ________ (cover) every tree.
答案与解析：marking　考查非谓语动词。a celebration与mark之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。句意：中国新年是一个标志着冬天结束和春天开始的庆祝活动。
答案与解析：covering　peaches与cover之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作定语。句意：在享受亲近大自然的同时，我们开始帮忙采摘长在每棵树上的桃子。
3．The students ________ (benefit) most from college are those who are totally engaged (参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources (资源).
4．What's particularly ________ (interest) is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet's cause.
答案与解析：benefiting/benefitting　“benefiting/benefitting most from college”为现在分词短语作定语，修饰students。被修饰词students与定语中的动作benefit之间为主动关系。句意：从大学受益最大的是那些完全投入到学术生活中、充分利用大学的机会和资源的学生。
答案与解析：interesting　该句中what's particularly interesting为主语从句，其中interesting为形容词化的现在分词作表语，意为“有趣的”。句意：特别有趣的是各个城市对Dubanchet的事业的态度。
5．Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event ________ (aim) to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
6．They represent the earth ________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
答案与解析：aiming　“aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection”为现在分词短语作定语，修饰event。被修饰词event与定语中的动作aim之间为主动关系。句意：4月22日的世界地球日是一个旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。
答案与解析：coming　the earth与come back to life之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作定语。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。
7．Each level has four apartments ________ (contain) six bedrooms, toilet facilities, and a kitchen.
8．My teacher Peter Bullock proved that science wasn't ________ (bore) and made physics great fun.
答案与解析：containing　“containing six bedrooms, toilet facilities, and a kitchen”为现在分词短语作定语，修饰apartments。被修饰词apartments与定语中的动作contain之间为主动关系。句意：每层有四套公寓，包括六间卧室、卫生间设施和一个厨房。
答案与解析：boring　be动词后接形容词作表语，boring枯燥的。句意：我的老师彼得·布洛克证明了科学并不枯燥，并使物理变得很有趣。
9．Wander among a variety of shops ________ (sell) gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.
10．Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate ________ (return) to teach, and this job was no game for him.
答案与解析：selling　shops与sell之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语selling gifts作定语修饰shops。句意：漫步在销售各种礼品的商店间，同时享受现场音乐表演和不错的街头娱乐活动。
答案与解析：returning　returning to teach为现在分词短语作定语，修饰名词graduate。被修饰词graduate与定语中的动作return之间为主动关系。句意：莫里斯·阿什利是个善良而聪明的人，毕业后回到学校教书，这份工作对他来说不是游戏。
·学科素养提升·
Ⅲ.改写句子
1．The lecture, which started at 7：00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.
The lecture, ________ at 7: 00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.
2．Girls looking after small children get 3，000 yuan a month.
Girls _________________ small children get 3，000 yuan a month.
3．Can you see the star moving in the sky
Can you see the star ____________________ in the sky
4．A man respecting others will be respected.
A man _______________________ will be respected.
5．Did you see the man who was talking to the manager
Did you see the man _______________________？
starting
who/that look after
that/which is moving
that/who respects others
talking to the manager
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 1.________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2.________ (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 3.________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
1．答案与解析：celebration　考查词性转换(动词变名词)。由空前的不定冠词a可知此处应填名词。
2．答案与解析：carries　考查时态及主谓一致。本文通篇对中国新年装饰物进行一般性介绍，所以用一般现在时；句子主语是动名词短语decorating with...，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。此题不要被flowers干扰，要找对从句的真正主语。
3．答案与解析：coming　考查非谓语动词。句子不能有两个谓语动词，而且空前的the earth与come是主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，相当于which comes。
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country：
Oranges: Orange trees are more 4.________ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 5.________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
4．答案与解析：than　考查固定搭配。more than不仅仅是，不止是，此处表示“橘子树不仅仅是装饰物，它们还是好运和财富的象征”。
5．答案与解析：decorated　考查非谓语动词。see sth. done看到某物被……，此处表示“看到橘子树装点着红包和祝福好运的信息”。them与decorate是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 6.________ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 7.________ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 8.________ (care) for and make great presents.
6．答案与解析：Certainly　考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。此处修饰整个句子，用副词Certainly，注意首字母要大写。
7．答案与解析：with　考查固定搭配。be associated with“与……有关，与……联系”。
8．答案与解析：to care　考查固定句式。sth. is easy to do.“某事很容易做”。不定式用主动形式表达被动含义。
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 9.________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 10.________ first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
9．答案与解析：beautiful　考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。由于空后的中心词是名词branches，所以只能用形容词。
10．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。the first to do sth.“第一个做某事的……”，不定式短语作后置定语。

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