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UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
单元目标解读·学科素养达成
[单元目标]
语言能力 单元语法 情态动词
单元写作 正反观点对比类议论文
文化意识 1.了解不同社会文化中人们之间的矛盾冲突及和解的方式，发现并了解语篇中包含的不同文化元素 2．通过对文中矛盾及冲突主题的学习，加强学生对矛盾冲突及和解方式的了解，培养学生正确处理生活中的矛盾和冲突的能力
思维品质 1.通过学习矛盾冲突及和解方式，让学生能够养成积极健康的心理素质，建立积极健康的人际关系 2．鼓励学生保持身心健康
学习能力 熟练运用本单元知识，利用“矛盾冲突及和解”这一话题，进行听、说、读、写、看的相关训练，从而提升学习技能
[单元词汇]
教材词汇 记忆有法
annoying 词缀记忆：annoy(v.使生气)＋ ing＝annoying adj.讨厌的，令人气恼的
inconvenience 词缀记忆：in ＋convenience(n.便利)＝inconvenience n．不便，麻烦
maturity 词缀记忆：mature(adj.成熟的)＋ ity＝maturity n．成熟
drummer 词缀记忆：drum(n.鼓)＋ er＝drummer n．鼓手
resolution 词缀记忆：resolute(adj.坚决的)＋ ion＝resolution n．决定；解决
warning 词缀记忆：warn(v.警告)＋ ing＝warning n．警告，警示；告诫
departure 词缀记忆：depart(v.出发)＋ ure＝departure n．离开，起程
literally 词缀记忆：literal(adj.字面上的)＋ ly＝literally adv.确实地
violently 词缀记忆：violent(adj.剧烈的)＋ ly＝violently adv.激烈地，剧烈地；凶猛地，暴力地
firmly 词缀记忆：firm(adj.坚定的)＋ ly＝firmly adv.坚定地，坚决地
identification 词缀记忆：identify(v.确定；识别)＋ ation＝identification n．身份证明(文件)
appreciation 词缀记忆：appreciate(v.欣赏；感激)＋ ion＝appreciation n．感激
beneficial 词缀记忆：benefit(v.使受益)＋ ial＝beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的，有用的
recovery 词缀记忆：recover(v.恢复)＋ y＝recovery n．康复，痊愈
Section Ⅰ　TOPIC TALK
听说　技能
Step 1　Listening
Ⅰ.听录音前翻译下列单词
1．negotiate vi.&vt.谈判，协商
2．compromise n．折中，妥协
3．inquire vi.&vt.询问，打听
4．resolve vt.解决(问题、困难)
5．annoying adj.讨厌的，令人气恼的
6．inconvenience n．不便，麻烦
7．detect vt.发现，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)
8．somewhat adv.有点，有几分
9．annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的
10．ashamed adj.内疚的，惭愧的
11．maturity n．成熟
12．monitor vt.监督；监视，监测，检测
n．显示器，监视器
13．self control n．自制力；自我控制
14．assign vt.分配，分派，指派(任务)
Ⅱ.听录音并完成下列题目
1．Finish Activity 2 on Page 28.
2．Finish Activity 4 on Page 29.
Ⅲ.再听一遍录音11.1并填空
(A＝Call Centre Agent　 C＝Customer)
A：Good afternoon, 1.how may I help you
C：I certainly hope somebody can! That accounts department of yours doesn't know what they are doing!
A：Would you please tell me 2.what is wrong
C：This is the third time I am calling about the same thing. It's just 3.a waste of my time.
A：Yes, sir, I do understand why you are upset. Tell me what the problem is.
C：It's my account. I have paid it in full but you keep 4.sending messages to say that I need to pay immediately, otherwise my account will be closed.
A：Please give me your account number, sir, and I'll inquire and make sure the issue 5.is resolved as soon as possible.
C：The name's Jones and my account number is 6.J28760.
A：Right. Would you please wait a few minutes I will check the problem and see what I can do.
...
A：Sorry for keeping you waiting. We detected 7.an error with your account. I have reset your account. It'll be okay in an hour. Everything will be fine.
C：Thank you very much. I'm sorry I was so angry. I know it is not your fault.
A：I quite understand how you feel, sir. I 8.apologise for our part in it.
C：Thank you. You have been most helpful.
A：It's a pleasure, sir. Have a good day.
C：And you, too.
Step 2　Talking
Ⅰ.谈论解决冲突的方式
1．to keep silent
2．to talk to friends
3．to respond with more anger
4．to say sorry
5．to explain the idea again
6．...
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Ⅱ.句式仿写
1．Would you please tell me...
你能告诉我……吗？
[仿写句子]
您能告诉我我能帮什么忙吗？
Would you please tell me what I can do for you
2．Please give me your account number, sir, and I'll inquire and make sure... as soon as possible.
先生，请把您的账号给我，我会尽快询问并确保……
[仿写句子]
先生，请把您的账号给我，我会尽快询问并确保问题得到解决。
Please give me your account number, sir, and I'll inquire and make sure the issue is resolved as soon as possible.
3．Would you please wait a few minutes I will... and...
您能等几分钟吗？我将……
[仿写句子]
您能等几分钟吗？我会检查一下这个问题，看看我能做些什么。
Would you please wait a few minutes I will check the problem and see what I can do.
4．I have reset your account. It'll...
我重新设置了您的账户。它会……
[仿写句子]
我重新设置了您的账户。它一小时后会好的。
I have reset your account. It'll be okay in an hour.
5．I quite understand how you feel, sir. I apologise for...
我很理解您的感受，先生。我为……而道歉。
[仿写句子]
我很理解您的感受，先生。我为浪费您的时间而道歉。
I quite understand how you feel, sir. I apologise for wasting your time.
Ⅲ.谈论一次你与他人发生的冲突，你是如何解决的？
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词汇　精讲
1．negotiate vi.&vt.谈判，协商
[教材P28]to negotiate with him/her 与他/她协商
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①We negotiated with the school administration about the tuition increase.
我们与校方协商了学费上涨的问题。
②He has negotiated a new contract with the sellers.
他已与销售商谈成了一份新合同。
③It is said that it remains in negotiation with the Russian authorities.
据说，此事还在与俄罗斯当局协商。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
①Recently we have started to negotiate with different banks.
②We've decided to negotiate with the employers about/for our wage claim.
③The agreement was reached after a series of difficult negotiations(negotiate)．
④They are in negotiation with a foreign company for it.
2．resolve vt.解决(问题、困难)；决心；决定
[教材P28]the issue is resolved 问题解决了
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①We must find a way to resolve these issues before it's too late.
我们必须找到一个办法去解决这些问题，不然就太晚了。
②Don't wait until New Year to resolve to organise your life. There's no time like the present.
不要等到新年才下决心规划生活。要把握当下。
③The government is pressing for an early resolution of the dispute.
政府正在敦促早日解决这起纠纷。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
①To say sorry bravely when a conflict breaks out is a great resolution(resolve)．
②To free the students from their endless homework, the school has resolved on taking a series of measures.
③She couldn't help thinking about this issue and resolved to do(do) something to help them out.
3．annoying adj.讨厌的，令人气恼的
[教材P28]I know how annoying it is. 我知道它有多么令人气恼。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①This interruption is very annoying.
这样打岔非常令人讨厌。
②She was annoyed with David for forgetting to phone.
大卫忘了打电话让她很生气。
③Are you annoyed by the quality of your sleep
你在为睡眠质量不高而烦恼吗？
巧学活用
单句语法填空
①I was annoyed(annoy) with him because he kept asking me the same question.
②The annoying(annoy) problem made him on pins and needles.
③It annoyed(annoy) me to be kept waiting so long.
④He was annoyed to find(find) his face going red.
4．ashamed adj.内疚的，惭愧的
[教材P111]I'm ashamed to admit that I really struggle with myself about playing mobile games. 我很惭愧地承认，我在努力地与玩手机游戏做斗争。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①I'm ashamed of myself for being so stupid.
我因自己这么愚蠢而感到惭愧。
②He was ashamed that he couldn't give an answer.
他因回答不出来而感到羞耻。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
①He is ashamed (shame) of his past behavior.
②I prefer a glorious death than a shameful (shame) life.
完成句子
③She was ashamed to tell her parents she had failed the exam.
她羞于告诉父母自己考试不及格。
达标　练案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Sensors are also being used to monitor(监测) the environment.
2．When I taught, I would assign(布置) a topic to children which they would write about.
3．He called them several times to inquire(打听) about job possibilities.
4．It annoyed(使生气) me to be bothered deliberately.
5．An animal that can't detect(察觉) danger can't stay alive.
6．The area's wine industry still has a way to go to full maturity(成熟)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．I came across the good poem when I read a passage.
2．Turning to the right, you will find a pathleading to the wooden house.
3．I can't concentrate on my studies with all that noise going on.
4．Next time you feel down, write down all the positive things about the day, and your mood will boost in no time.
5．Hold on to your dreams and one day they may come true.
6．The health authorities now know how to deal with the disease.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．I am ashamed to ask for help.
我羞于寻求帮助。
2．It annoys me when people forget to say thank you.
当有人连谢谢都忘记说时我感到生气。
3．Negotiate with fellow travellers, including the kids.
与同行者商量，包括孩子。
4．We apologise for the day and regret any inconvenience it may have caused.
我们为这一天道歉，并对可能造成的任何不便表示歉意。
5．He resolved not to tell her the truth.
他决定不告诉她真相。
Section Ⅱ　LESSON 1　LIVING IN A COMMUNITY
原文　呈现
Drummer Hits the Road①
Ma Ming, drummer for the rock band “Storm”， had to pack② his bags. He moved out of his rented flat after complaints③ from his neighbours about disturbing the peace.
Being single【1】， Ma Ming often held parties at night, but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night. Ma Ming's neighbours said they were being driven mad being exposed to④ such noise. The flat owner said if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer, he wouldn't have rented the flat to him.【2】 The neighbours quickly realised they were in trouble⑤ when he moved in. And from then on⑥， they rarely got a full night's sleep. They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging⑦ their ears. One neighbour also claimed that Ma Ming had a bad influence on⑧ his teenage son.
读文　清障
①hit the road 开始流浪；上路
②pack vi.&vt.打包　n．包，包裹
③complaint n．投诉
④be exposed to 接触到；暴露于
⑤in trouble 处于困境中
⑥from then on 从那时起
⑦plug vt.把……塞住，堵塞；填塞
⑧have a/an... influence on...
对……有……影响
【1】现在分词短语作状语。
【2】本句为主从复合句，其中if引导虚拟条件状语从句，that引导宾语从句。
鼓手走人
摇滚乐队“暴风雨”的鼓手马明不得不收拾他的行李。他搬出了租的公寓，因为邻居们投诉他扰乱治安。
马明是一个单身汉，经常在晚上开派对，但最大的问题是他常常打鼓到深夜。马明的邻居说他们都快被这样的噪声逼疯了。房东说他如果知道马明是一个鼓手，就不会把房子租给他。马明一搬进来，邻居们就意识到他们陷入了麻烦之中。从那以后，他们很少能安安稳稳地睡一整晚。如果不堵住耳朵，他们就不能放松或看书。有个邻居还抱怨说，马明对他十几岁的儿子造成了不良影响。
原文　呈现
In the end, the community council took action⑨. “We took a vote, and came to a resolution⑩. We gave Ma Ming a warning . We told him that he ought to cease drumming or leave the property ，” a council member said. “Getting enough sleep is important for people's health and, after such a chorus of complaints, we had to take action.”
Ma Ming's departure has pleased his neighbours. “Life will go back to normal now，” they said.
For Ma Ming's version of the story, we found him in a hotel in Shanghai. Ma Ming felt that they were prejudiced against him. He's bitter over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”【3】. Otherwise he didn't really mind having to leave the flat. “Living in a hotel means the hotel staff makes the bed every day and I don't have to do my own washing! Anyhow, I'm now looking for a remote house on the edge of the city.”
读文　清障
⑨take action 采取行动
⑩resolution n．决定；解决
warning n．警告，警示；告诫
cease vi.&vt.停止，终止，结束
property n．房产；所有物；财产
chorus n．齐声；副歌；合唱团
departure n．离开，起程
prejudiced adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的
bitter adj.愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的，令人难过的；苦的
remote adj.偏僻的，偏远的
on the edge of... 在……的边缘
【3】that 引导的同位语从句，解释说明fact的内容。
最后，社区委员会采取了行动。一位委员会成员说：“我们投票表决，达成了一项决议。我们警告了马明。我们告诉他应该停止打鼓，否则就搬走。充足的睡眠对人们的健康很重要，收到这样的集体投诉，我们不得不采取行动。”
马明的离开让邻居都很高兴。他们说：“现在生活终于要恢复正常了。”
我们在上海的一家酒店里找到了马明，想听听他对这个事件的看法。马明觉得邻居对自己有偏见。 邻居们 认为他的音乐是“噪声”，这是他的伤心之处。不过他并不介意离开公寓。“住在酒店里就意味着每天都有服务员整理床铺，我也不必自己洗衣服！不过，我现在正在城郊找位置稍微偏僻一点的房子。”
原文　呈现
Grandpa Arrested After One Shower Too Many
Eighty year old retired tailor， James McKay, spent Saturday night in a cell after hitting 30 year old Keith Smith over the head with his walking stick. McKay's wife, Laurene said that, while McKay is usually a peaceful and pleasant person, he had been driven to this act of violence by literally getting wet just once too often. He could no longer tolerate it.
Smith lives above the McKays. He is a keen gardener, and also a fish collector. Unfortunately, the water he sent over his balcony every day ended up on the McKay's floor, or too often, on the unsuspecting McKays themselves.
“For the last two weeks, since Smith moved into the flat above us, we dared not go onto our balcony，” said Laurene. She added that it wasn't only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them【4】， but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks. “We'd be sitting there happily reading our newspapers, when suddenly so much water would come from above that we'd be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on! We could hardly get rid of the smell of fish！”
读文　清障
arrest vt.逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻止
tailor n．(男装)裁缝
pleasant adj.礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的
violence n．暴力行为，暴力
literally adv.确实地
tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容
keen adj.着迷的，有强烈兴趣的
unsuspecting adj.无提防之心的，无疑心的
get rid of 摆脱；除去
【4】强调句，被强调部分是主语only the water... his plants。
洗了“大澡”而被捕的爷爷
80岁的退休裁缝詹姆斯·迈奇周六的晚上是在监狱里度过的，因为他用拐杖打了30岁的基思·史密斯的头。迈奇的妻子劳瑞恩说，他平时是一个平和友善的人，是因为再三被淋湿，才会做出这种暴力的行为。他实在是忍无可忍了。
史密斯住在迈奇家楼上。他热爱园艺，喜欢养鱼。不幸的是，他每天在阳台上浇的水最后都洒到迈奇家的地板上，也经常洒在毫无防备的迈奇夫妇身上。
劳瑞恩说：“过去两周，自从史密斯搬到楼上，我们都不敢去阳台了。”她还说，困扰他们的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水，还有他清理鱼缸的方式。“我们本来高兴地坐在阳台看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，把我们都给浇湿了，就像穿着衣服洗了个澡一样！我们很难去掉(身上的)鱼腥味！”
原文　呈现
And on Saturday evening it was just too much. “It was James' birthday，” Laurene recalled， “and it was such a beautiful night to enjoy the starry night outside. I made him a birthday cake. The candles were a great sight as you can imagine, but James didn't get to blow them out.” Instead, Smith emptied one of his larger tanks over his balcony and both the McKays and the cake were wet through. “I have never seen him move so fast and I couldn't stop him. He was up there in a flash.”
Smith is not going to take things further with the police. He has also promised to change his ways from now on. And what of James McKay As he left the police station, a large crowd of supporters sang him “Happy Birthday”. “Definitely the most exciting birthday ever！” said the cheerful old man. “The best since my youth, I'd say！”
读文　清障
recall vi.&vt.回想，回忆起
in a flash 瞬间；立刻
这周六晚上实在是忍无可忍了。劳瑞恩回忆道：“那天是詹姆斯的生日，是一个特别美丽的夜晚，可以坐在外面享受夜晚的星空。我给他做了一个生日蛋糕。你可以想象点上蜡烛有多么漂亮，可詹姆斯却没能把蜡烛吹灭。”然而，史密斯从阳台上倒掉他的一个大鱼缸中的水，将迈奇夫妇和蛋糕都淋了个通透。“我从没见过他动作那么快，根本没办法阻止。他一下子就冲到楼上去了。”
史密斯不会让警方进一步追究这件事。他还承诺从现在开始改变他的方式。而詹姆斯·迈奇呢？他离开警察局时，一大群支持者为他唱起了《生日快乐》歌。“这绝对是最激动人心的一次生日！”老人快乐地说道，“我得说，这是自打年轻以来最棒的一次生日！”
语言　知识
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．drum vi.击鼓，打鼓→drummer n．鼓手
2．complaint n．投诉→complain vi.&vt.投诉；抱怨
3．vote n．投票(指行为)；票数→voter n．选举人；投票人
4．warning n．警告，警示；告诫→warn vt.&vi.警告；提醒
5．departure n．离开，起程→depart vi.离开；出发，启程
6．prejudiced adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的→prejudice n．偏见
7．violence n．暴力行为，暴力→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv.激烈地；凶猛地
8．tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容→tolerance n．宽容，容忍→tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．be exposed to暴露于；接触到
2．in trouble有麻烦；处于困境中
3．move in搬进
4．from then on从那时起
5．have an influence on对……有影响
6．take action采取行动
7．no longer不再
8．get rid of摆脱，除去
9．blow out吹熄，吹灭
10．in a flash立刻；一瞬间
11．in the end终于；最后
Ⅲ.教材原句
1．双重否定表示肯定
They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears.
如果不堵住耳朵，他们就不能放松或看书。
2．that引导同位语从句
He's bitter over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”．
(邻居们)认为他的音乐是“噪声”，这是他的伤心之处。
语篇　细研
Ⅰ.根据第一篇报道匹配段落大意
Para. 1　 A．The writers went to have an interview with Ma Ming.
Para. 2　 B．The local council gave Ma Ming a warning.
Paras. 3&4　 C．Ma Ming's neighbours were in trouble being exposed to the drum noise.
Para. 5　 D．Ma Ming has left his apartment because of his drumming.
答案：Para. 1—D　Para. 2—C
Paras. 3&4—B　Para. 5—A
Ⅱ.根据课文选择最佳选项
1．What do the passages want to tell us
A．We should not play drums at night.
B．Any conflict can be handled in peace.
C．A harmonious atmosphere is very necessary for living in a community.
D．Too many showers do harm to our health.
答案：C
2．Why were Ma Ming's neighbours mad
A．Because they got a strange illness.
B．Because they were exposed to too much noise and couldn't sleep.
C．Because Ma Ming often fought against them.
D．Because Ma Ming often came back late at night.
答案：B
3．Why were the McKays bored with the way Smith cleaned his fish tanks
A．Because they brought out much noise.
B．Because it was difficult to get rid of the smell of fish.
C．Because the McKays were holding a birthday party.
D．Because the McKays often got a shower for it.
答案：B
4．According to the passages，which one is right
A．Ma Ming is a bachelor, and often entertains himself by playing drums.
B．Keith Smith likes fishing very much.
C．Ma Ming regretted disturbing his neighbours after the complaints.
D．Though James McKay jailed，he was happy for his birthday.
答案：D
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Drummer Hits the Road
Ma Ming, a drummer, often held parties at night, 1.which has caused many complaints from his neighbours about 2.loss(lose) of sleep. They say they were being driven mad 3.exposed(expose) to such noise. Since he moved into the building, they 4.rarely(rare) have a full night's sleep. They even couldn't get 5.relaxed(relax) without 6.plugging(plug) their ears. Moreover, one neighbour thinks Ma had a bad influence 7.on his son. Finally, the community council took action. Ma Ming had to leave his 8.rented(rent) flat. His 9.departure(depart) has made his neighbours' life return 10.to normal.
Grandpa Arrested After One Shower Too Many
Smith lives above the McKays. 11.Unfortunately(fortunate), the water he sent over his balcony every day ended up on the McKay's floor, or too often, on the McKays 12.themselves(they). It was not only the water falling onto their balcony 13.but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks 14.that bothered them. They were sitting there happily 15.reading(read) their newspapers 16.when so much water would come from above that they got wet all over. On Saturday evening, Smith 17.emptied(empty) one of his larger tanks and both the McKays and the birthday cake 18.were(be) wet through. James was up there in a flash and hit Smith on the head with his 19.walking(walk) stick. As a result, James spent Saturday night in jail but he said it was definitely the most 20.exciting(excite) birthday ever.
词汇　精讲
1．in trouble 有麻烦；处于困境中
[教材P30]The neighbours quickly realised they were in trouble when he moved in. 马明一搬进来，邻居们就意识到他们陷入了麻烦之中。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①We should trust and respect our friends, and always be ready to help them when they are in trouble.
我们应信任并尊重我们的朋友，当他们处于困境的时候乐于帮助他们。
②You're very kind to take the trouble to help me.
你不怕麻烦帮助我真是太好了。
巧学活用
完成句子
①Don't mention my name or you will get me into trouble.
别提我的名字，免得给我惹麻烦。
②My parents have given me life and took the trouble to bring me up.
我父母给了我生命，并不辞劳苦地把我养大。
③I hope Tim keeps/stays out of trouble this year.
我希望蒂姆今年能远离麻烦。
④We need others' help when we are in trouble.
当我们遇到困难时，我们需要别人的帮助。
2．vote n．投票(指行为)；票数　v．投票；表决；选举
[教材P30]We took a vote, and came to a resolution. 我们投票表决，达成了一项决议。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①They took a vote and decided not to do it.
他们进行了表决，决定放弃。
②As we can't agree on this matter, let's vote on it.
对于这个问题我们无法达成一致意见，投票表决吧。
③Whether you vote for or against the plan doesn't seem to matter very much.
你是赞成还是反对这项计划看上去似乎不重要。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
①People voted against Henry who often tells lies.
②Vote for the man you can trust.
③They will vote on policy issues.
3．tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容
[教材P31]He could no longer tolerate it. 他实在是忍无可忍了。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①I couldn't tolerate her lying to me.
我受不了她对我说谎。
②She had no tolerance for jokes of any kind.
她容不得开任何玩笑。
[联想总结]　
tolerate 的同义词语：
stand、bear、endure、put up with、live with
巧学活用
单句语法填空
①The pain has become (in)tolerable(tolerate)．
②He was tolerant(tolerate) of different views.
③He refused to tolerate being(be) called a liar.
4．bother vi.&vt.(使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼
[教材P31]She added that it wasn't only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them, but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks. 她还说，困扰他们的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水，还有他清理鱼缸的方式。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①You needn't bother yourself about small things.
你用不着为琐事烦恼。
②Sorry to bother you, but the manager is on the line.
对不起，打扰一下，经理打电话找你。
③My older brother couldn't be bothered to play with me.
我哥哥懒得和我一起玩。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
①Why bother to ask/asking(ask) if you are not really interested
②I don't want to bother Mom with/about my problems at the moment.
③It bothers me that he can be so insensitive.
5．rid v．(使)去掉；摆脱，消除　adj.摆脱……的
[教材P31]We could hardly get rid of the smell of fish！我们很难去掉(身上的)鱼腥味！
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①Physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger.
体育锻炼是消除愤怒的有效方式。
②She struggled to rid herself of her fears.
她拼命摆脱恐惧。
巧学活用
翻译句子
①在我到达那里之前，把你的客人打发走。
Get rid of your guests before I get there.
②他想把秘密说出来，让自己得到解脱。
He wanted to rid himself of the burden of the secret.
句式　突破
1．They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears.[教材P30]
如果不堵住耳朵，他们就不能放松或看书。
句式分析
本句中的“couldn't... without...”是双重否定，表示肯定含义。
归纳拓展
在英语句子中，常见到两个表示否定意义的词连用的情况，这一现象称为双重否定。这种句子形式上虽为否定，实则表示强烈的肯定语气。双重否定有以下三种常见的类型：
(1)否定词no/not/never/...＋without...
(2)否定词no/not/...＋表示否定意义的形容词
(3)否定词no/not/never/nobody/few/...＋具有否定意义的动词或短语
佳句背诵
①You can't go out without any shoes.
你不能不穿鞋就出门。
②No way is impossible to courage.
勇士面前无险路。
③I couldn't have won the award without your assistant.
没有你的帮助，我不可能获奖。
巧学活用
完成句子
①At the beginning of learning English, he couldn't speak it without making mistakes.
刚学英语时，他一开口说英语就出错。
②You are never too old to learn.
活到老，学到老。
2．He's bitter over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”．[教材P30]
(邻居们)认为他的音乐是“噪声”，这是他的伤心之处。
句式分析
本句中的“that people... ‘noise’”是that引导的同位语从句，作fact的同位语，解释说明fact的内容。
归纳拓展
1 在复合句中充当同位语的从句叫作同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
2 可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news、idea、fact、promise、hope、question、doubt、thought、message、suggestion、word 消息 、possibility、decision等。
3 英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that、whether，连接代词what、who，连接副词how、when、where等。注意if不能引导同位语从句。
4 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，这是因为英语中的尾重原则 即不允许“头重脚轻”的现象存在 。
佳句背诵
①I heard the news that our team had won.
我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
②The news is surprising that David hit Boots, his classmate to the ground.
大卫把他同学布茨打倒在地的消息令人惊讶。
③He must answer the question whether he agrees with it or not.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
④I've come from Mr Wang with a message that he won't be able to see you this afternoon.
我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
①The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.
②The news that he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.
③I have no idea when he will set off.
④Word came that a heavy snow was on the way.
⑤He often asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.
情态动词
语法　讲习
一、情态动词的特征
1．情态动词有一定的词义，不能单独作谓语，需要和实义动词或系动词一起作谓语。
2．情态动词一般无人称和数的变化，个别情态动词有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。
3．当构成否定句时，not放在情态动词之后、实义动词或系动词之前。
二、情态动词的基本用法
1．can与could的用法
(1)表示能力，意为“可以，会”，can用来表示现在的能力， could用来表示过去的能力。
I can play basketball now, but I couldn't when I was young.
我现在会打篮球，但是我小时候不会。
(2)表示请求或许可，could的语气比can委婉，但回答时只能用can。
—Can/Could you lend me a hand
—Of course I can.
——你能帮我一下吗？
——当然可以。
(3)表示推测，意为“可能”，多用于否定句或疑问句。
—Can he be in the reading room now
—No, he can't be in it. Because I saw him in the office just now.
——他现在可能在阅览室吗？
——不，他不可能在阅览室。因为我刚刚看见他在办公室。
(4)表示理论上或习惯上的可能性，意为“可能会”。
He is in poor health. He can be ill at any time.
他身体不好。他随时可能会生病。
即时演练1
写出下列句中can/could的用法
①I believe that he can't be so rude.表示推测
②I can speak English fluently while he can't. 表示能力
③Scotland can be very warm in September.表示理论上的可能性
④—Could you please clean this room
—Yes, I can.表示请求
2．may与might的用法
(1)表示征求对方的许可或允许，这时不能用might。
—May I come in
—Yes, you may/can.
——我可以进来吗？
——是的，你可以进来。
(2)表示推测(把握不大)，意为“可能”，多用于肯定句中。might表示的可能性比may 小。
It may/might rain this afternoon. You'd better take a raincoat with you.
今天下午可能会下雨。你最好带上雨衣。
(3)may用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
May you succeed!
祝你成功！
即时演练2
写出下列句中may的用法
①May you be happy！表示祝愿
②I think he may come today.表示推测
③You may keep the book for 2 weeks.表示许可
3．ought to的用法
(1)ought to意为“应该”，表示责任或义务。用于表示按道理应当做某事，常指客观的义务或责任，一般可用should代替，但比should语气重。
You ought to study harder than your brother.
你应该比你哥哥更加努力地学习。
I should help her because she is in trouble.她有困难了，我应该帮助她。
(2)ought to意为“应该”，表示劝告、建议或命令。ought to和should可通用， 但在疑问句中常用should。 ought to的否定形式为oughtn't to或ought not to。
You ought to balance career and family.
你应该平衡好事业与家庭之间的关系。
You should wait a little more.
你应该再等一会。
(3)ought to意为“应该”，表示推测。可以与should互换。
Mary ought to be here soon.
玛丽应该很快就来了。
This is where the oil ought to/should be.
这里应该就是有石油的地方。
即时演练3
完成句子
①You ought to be more careful when you
cross the road next time.
下次过马路时，你应该更小心些。
②You oughtn't/ought not to scold him.
你不该责备他。
③—Ought I to leave tomorrow
—Yes, you ought to.
——我应该明天动身吗？
——是的，你应该。
4．have to与must 的用法
(1)have to意为“不得不”，有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式为 don't/doesn't/didn't have to。
It's too late. I have to go home now.
天色太晚了。我现在得回家了。
You don't have to finish the work now.
你现在没有必要完成这项工作。
(2)have to表示一种客观的需要，而must表示一种主观的需要。此外，must 还表示 “非得，偏要”。
I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon.
今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。
You must obey the rules of your school.
你必须遵守你们学校的规则。
—Where did you get this book
—I picked it up from a second hand bookshop if you must know.
——你从哪里弄到的这本书？
——如果你非要知道，我是在一家二手书店里买到的。
即时演练4
完成句子
①I have to meet my partner once a week.
我每周必须与我的合伙人见一次面。
②We don't have to go to school on Sundays.
星期天我们不用去上学。
5．dare的用法
(1)dare可用作情态动词和实义动词。dare用作情态动词时，意为“敢”，其后接动词原形，通常用于否定句或疑问句以及if或whether之后，一般不用于肯定句。
Dare you tell her the truth
你敢告诉她真相吗？
I don't know whether he dare try.
我不知道他是否敢试一试。
I daren't ask her for a pay raise.
我不敢要求她加薪。
(2)dare用作实义动词时，意为“敢于”，有时态、人称和数的变化，可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句中，其后多接带to的不定式，有时to 也可省去(尤其是在否定句或疑问句中)，也可以用于非谓语形式、完成时态等。
We must dare to think, speak and act.
我们必须敢想、敢说、敢做。
I wonder how he dares (to) say such things.
我纳闷他怎么敢说出这样的话来。
We don't dare (to) say anything.
我们什么也不敢说。
Did he dare (to) tell her
他敢告诉她吗？
情态动词dare有过去式dared，但也可以直接用dare表示过去式，或后接动词完成式。
即时演练5
完成句子
①I dare (to) say you are right.
我敢说你是对的。
②The boy stood before the teacher, not daring to look up.
这个男孩站在老师面前不敢抬头。
③Mother dared not/didn't dare (to) tell father she'd given away his old jacket.
母亲不敢告诉父亲她把他的旧上衣送人了。
6．情态动词＋have done
can/could have done 过去可能做(表推测) 本能做而未做(表虚拟)
should/ought to have done 本该做而未做(表虚拟)
may have done 过去也许做了(表推测)
might have done 过去也许做了(表推测) 本可能做而未做(表虚拟)
must have done 一定已经做了(表推测)
needn't have done 本不必做而做了(表虚拟)
They could have sent up the satellite successfully.
他们本来能够成功发射这颗卫星的。
You should have told me earlier or I might have gone with them.
你应该早点告诉我，不然的话我可能和他们一块去了。
If you had studied hard, you might have passed the exam.
如果你努力学习的话，你可能会及格的。
From what you said, she must have told you all about it.
从你所说的来看，她一定把一切都告诉你了。
You needn't have told them about it.
你本来没有必要告诉他们那件事。
即时演练6
完成句子
①They must have gone to the Great Wall, haven't they
他们一定是去了长城，不是吗？
②He can't/couldn't have watched TV last
night, for he knew he would have a test.
昨天晚上他不可能看电视，因为他知道就要考试了。
③He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.
本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心了。
④You should/ought to have done more exercise before.
以前你本应该多进行锻炼的。
⑤You may/might have read about the news in the magazine.
你可能在杂志上看过这个消息了。
⑥I needn't have cooked so much food. Nobody was hungry.
我本不必做这么多吃的。大家都不饿。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I can't bother(打扰) him with my little affairs.
2．In some experts' opinion, living conditions on the Mars are very hard to tolerate(忍受)．
3．The chairman asked us to vote(投票)on the plan.
4．He packed(打包) a bag with a few things and was off.
5．Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure(离开)．
6．I recalled(回忆) the way they had been dancing together.
7．Those arrested(逮捕) have been charged with public order offences.
8．One should never make public property(财产) one's private possession.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The lawyer's advice led to the resolution(resolve) of this difficult problem.
2．It is strange that such a gentleman should be so rude to a lady.
3．We received a number of complaints(complain) from customers about the lack of parking facilities.
4．Tom comes from Australia; he can speak English very well.
5．You can telephone Mr Smith; he must be home now.
6．As we know, watching violence(violent) on TV really harms children.
7．Nobody can tolerate being cheated(cheat), which is why he has no friend.
8．I don't know whether he dare try.
9．I may come to the party with you, but I am not sure.
10．Whether you vote for or against the proposal counts much.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．You can't leave that country without a passport.
没有护照就无法离开那个国家。
2．Although they all live nearby, I lost contact with them quickly.
虽然他们都住在附近，但我很快与他们失去了联系。
3．He was driving along the street to look for a place to park when the accident happened.
他正沿着街道寻找一个停车处，这时事故发生了。
4．It bothers me to think of her alone in that big house.
想到她孤零零地待在那所大房子里我便坐立不安。
5．It's too bad of you to desert her in trouble.
你在她困难的时候抛弃她，真是太差劲了。
课时作业(五)　Section Ⅱ　LESSON 1　LIVING IN A COMMUNITY
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The driver managed to escape from the vehicle and shout a warning(警告)．
2．Let's vote(投票) to determine who will be the monitor of our class.
3．We reached an agreement that we will never use violence(暴力) whatever happened.
4．Landslides have cut off many villages in remote(偏僻的) areas.
5．Now we know why she was prejudiced(有偏见的) against him.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I don't know if Shally's coming. I didn't bother asking/to ask(ask)．
2．You cannot make egg rolls without breaking eggs.
3．She had no tolerance(tolerate) for jokes of any kind at all.
4．Several months later, the two families moved away and two new families moved in.
5．The school can't tolerate cheating(cheat) in exams.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well being.
The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding(编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”．
Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
“We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究——城市中的野生自然对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响。
1．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text
A．Pocket parks are now popular.
B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C．Many cities are overpopulated.
D．People enjoy living close to nature.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.”和“ but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild”可知，作者讲述了在城市里，人们很难找到野生自然的现象。故选B项。
答案：B
2．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories
A．To compare different types of park goers.
B．To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C．To analyze the main features of the park.
D．To find patterns in the visitors' summaries.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“They surveyed several hundred park goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding(编码) experiences into different categories.”可知，研究人员按照公园游客提交的在公园里与大自然互动的活动把游客分类。根据第四段“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a ‘nature language’ began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.”可知，研究人员对参与者提交的内容进行了分类，以便在游客的总结中找到模式，并确定对游客最重要的自然体验。通过这种方式，他们创造出一种“自然语言”，帮助人们认识并参与对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动。故选D项。
答案：D
3．What can we learn from the example given in Paragraph 5
A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C．The same nature experience takes different forms.
D．The nature language enhances work performance.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，本段讲述了自然体验创造一种可用的语言，有助于人们识别并参与对自己来说最满意最有意义的活动，接下来以一个年轻的专业人士参与自然的方式举例说明，去公园时沿着水边散步让他感到满意，回到市中心工作时他可以通过沿着喷泉散步获得满足。由此推知，从第五段的例子中我们可以知道一样的自然体验可以呈现不同的形式。故选C项。
答案：C
4．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn
A．Language study.
B．Environmental conservation.
C．Public education.
D．Intercultural communication.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it”可知，卡恩认为在我们与大自然互动之前应该先要保护自然。故选B项。
答案：B
Ⅳ.完形填空
Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we __1__ there, we heard the chug chug chug of a motorbike __2__ its way down the hill toward us. It was a neighbor called Mario, coming to __3__ us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice gesture for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were __4__ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, __5__ things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label(标签) on it. These can't be any good, we thought. But we were __6__ his kindness, so we __7__ them.
What we discovered is that it's __8__ to judge what you eat only by its appearance. Those tomatoes had __9__ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes __10__ perfect but taste of water. Nobody's going to have a __11__ memory of those. It's a surprise they haven't managed to grow square ones so that they can __12__ them easily. Mario's wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was __13__.
It's good to eat things at the correct time, when they're __14__， and as close as possible to where they were grown. What Mario had __15__ us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子，盒子里是他自己种的西红柿和自己酿的酒，刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表和酒的浑浊感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发现比超市的好，这让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。
1．A.waited　　 　 　 　 B．met
C．camped D．stayed
解析：句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的咯吱咯吱的声音。A.waited等待；B.met遇见；C.camped露营；D.stayed暂住。根据上文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在Garfagnana买了房子，每个夏天都过去那里暂住。故选D项。
答案：D
2．A.making B．searching
C．squeezing D．feeling
解析：句意同上题。A.making使，让；B.searching搜索；C.squeezing挤压；D.feeling感觉。根据下文“coming to __3__ us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine”可知，摩托车是开过来给“我们”送东西的，make one's way为固定搭配，意为“前进”。故选A项。
答案：A
3．A.lend B．send
C．bring D．show
解析：句意：那是一个叫马里奥的邻居，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A.lend借出；B.send发送；C.bring带来；D.show展示。根据下文“It was a very nice gesture for him to make.”及语境可知，马里奥应是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。
答案：C
4．A.worried B．moved
C．thrilled D．bored
解析：句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A.worried担心的；B.moved感动的；C.thrilled兴奋的；D.bored感到厌倦的。根据下文“because they were so misshapen”可知，西红柿是畸形的，所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A项。
答案：A
5．A.simple B．real
C．shiny D．fun
解析：句意同上题。A.simple简单的；B.real真实的；C.shiny闪亮的；D.fun有趣的。根据上文“not at all like the nice, round”和下文“you get in a super market”可知，设空处是在形容超市里的西红柿，和上文的nice, round并列，结合选项，应是shiny“闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。
答案：C
6．A.sympathetic to B．thankful for
C．cautious about D．interested in
解析：句意：但我们很感谢他的善意，所以我们试了试。A.sympathetic to同情；B.thankful for对……表示感谢；C.cautious about谨慎对待；D.interested in对……感兴趣。根据上文“It was a neighbor called Mario, coming to __3__ us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以应该是很感谢他。故选B项。
答案：B
7．A.tried B．sold
C．returned D．mixed
解析：句意同上题。A.tried尝试；B.sold出售；C.returned回来；D.mixed(使)混合。根据下文“Those tomatoes had __9__ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。由此推知，他们是尝试了。故选A项。
答案：A
8．A.unnecessary B．uncertain
C．unwise D．unusual
解析：句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A.unnecessary不需要的；B.uncertain无把握的；C.unwise不明智的；D.unusual特别的。根据上下文可知，作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现，它的味道比超市的西红柿要好。由此推知，此处应是指根据外观来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。故选C项。
答案：C
9．A.size B．shape
C．color D．taste
解析：句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了小时候我叔叔种的西红柿。A.size尺寸；B.shape形状；C.color颜色；D.taste味道。根据下文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes ___10__perfect but taste of water.”可知，此处应是将马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，点明马里奥送的西红柿虽然外观差，但是味道好，这种的味道让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。
答案：D
10．A.smell B．look
C．become D．work
解析：句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A.smell闻起来；B.look看起来；C.become变成；D.work工作。根据上文“not at all like the nice, round, __5__ things you get in a supermarket”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。
答案：B
11．A.happy B．vivid
C．short D．vague
解析：句意：没有人会对那些(西红柿)有快乐的记忆。A.happy快乐的；B.vivid清晰的；C.short短的；D.vague模糊的。根据上文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes __10__ perfect but taste of water.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有人会对这种西红柿有快乐的回忆。故选A项。
答案：A
12．A.clean B．check
C．count D．pack
解析：句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法将它们(西红柿)种植成方形的，以便容易包装。A.clean打扫；B.check检查；C.count计数；D.pack包装。根据上文“It's a surprise they haven't managed to grow square ones”并结合实际可知，方形的东西易包装。故选D项。
答案：D
13．A.perfect B．useful
C．convenient D．familiar
解析：句意：马里奥的酒可能是浑浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。A.perfect完美的；B.useful有用的；C.convenient便利的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据上文“Mario's wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”以及空前的but可知，此处语意发生转折，应是指马里奥的酒可能是浑浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。此处与上文的perfect对应。故选A项。
答案：A
14．A.on view B．on sale
C．in season D．in need
解析：句意：在合适的时间，当它们正当令且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方时，吃的东西是好的。A.on view在展出；B.on sale出售；C.in season当令的；D.in need在危难中。根据上文“It's good to eat things at the correct time”可知，吃当令的食物是好的。故选C项。
答案：C
15．A.cooked B．given
C．bought D．told
解析：句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A.cooked烹饪；B.given给；C.bought买；D.told告诉。根据上文“It was a neighbor called Mario, coming to __3__ us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，此处应是指马里奥给作者一家的是Garfagnana当地产的。故选B项。
答案：B
Section Ⅲ　LESSON 2　DEALING WITH CONFLICT
听说　技能
Step 1　Listening
Ⅰ.听录音前翻译下列单词
1．violently adv.激烈地，剧烈地；凶猛地，暴力地
2．withdraw vi.&vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)
3．firmly adv.坚定地，坚决地
Ⅱ.听录音并完成下列题目
1．Finish Activity 2—Activity 4 on Page 34.
2．Finish Activity 6 & Activity 7 on Page 35.
Ⅲ.听完录音后翻译句子
1．For example, neighbours complain of extremely loud music until very late at night and parents become really angry with their children for spending too much time online.
例如，邻居们抱怨直到深夜还在吵闹的音乐，父母对于他们的孩子花太多时间上网非常生气。
2．This is the worst way of handling conflict, because the situation can get worse or even lead to violence.
这是处理冲突最糟糕的方式，因为情况可能会变得更糟，甚至导致暴力。
3．The best thing is to repeat what you said in a different way，and then try to find out what the other person wants, and why.
最好的方法是用不同的方式重复你所说的话，然后试着找出对方想要什么，以及为什么。
Step 2　Talking
Ⅰ.谈论解决冲突的方式
1．to explain clearly what you want
2．to negotiate with the other person
3．to do nothing or try to escape
4．to solve the problem yourself
5．to put forward solutions
6．...
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.句式仿写
1．... you... not act as if you're 100% right and they are 100% wrong.
……你……不要表现出你百分之百对，他们百分之百错。
[仿写句子]
你不应该表现出你百分之百对，他们百分之百错。
You shouldn't_act_as_if you're 100% right and they are 100% wrong.
2．... you... try to explain clearly what you want.
……你……试着解释清楚你想要什么。
[仿写句子]
你应该试着解释清楚你想要什么。
You should_try_to_explain_clearly what you want.
3．You... respond in the same way.
你……以同样的方式回应。
[仿写句子]
你不应该以同样的方式回应。
You shouldn't_respond in the same way.
4．... you... speak clearly and firmly, but you should never shout.
……你……说得清楚而坚定，但不要大声喊叫。
[仿写句子]
你应该说得清楚而坚定，但不要大声喊叫。
You should_speak_clearly_and_firmly,_but you should never shout.
5．... relax, and... never to stand too close to the other person.
……放松，然后……永远不要站得离对方太近。
[仿写句子]
试着放松，然后最好永远不要站得离对方太近。
Try_to relax, and_it's_always_better never to stand too close to the other person.
词汇　精讲
1．come across 偶然遇见，偶然发现；被理解；被弄懂
[教材P112]Dr. Maguire, in our daily life, we may come across various conflicts. 马奎尔博士，我们可能会在日常生活中遇到各种各样的冲突。
归纳拓展
come on 得了吧；加把劲
come out 出现；出版，发表
come about 发生(常与how连用)
come true实现；成为现实(不用于被动语态)
come up被提及，被讨论(不用于被动语态)
come up with 找到(答案)；想出(主意)
佳句背诵
①When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I hadn't seen for years.
当走在街上的时候，我偶然遇到了戴维。我已经有好多年没见过他了。
②If you come across a topic you are familiar with, you can think about what you already know about it before you listen.
你如果遇到一个熟悉的话题，可以在听之前想想关于它你已经了解的内容。
③Your speech didn't come across; nobody could understand your opinion.
你的演说讲得不明不白，没有人能听懂你的意思。
巧学活用
用come的相关短语完成句子
①He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't really come_across.
②Please tell me how the accident came_about. I am still in the dark.
③A number of questions came_up at the meeting, but the leaders could not come_up_with any proper answers.
④Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program's satellite pictures. In 2011，he came_across something familiar.
2．hold out 坚持；维持；伸出(手/胳膊等)
[教材P113]They just hope that if they hold out for long enough, things will get better by and by. 他们只是希望如果坚持的时间足够长，情况能够慢慢地好起来。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①We were short of water but could hold out for another day.
我们缺水，但还可以再坚持一天。
②The rescue team hoped the men on the boat could hold out till they arrived.
救援队希望船上的人能够坚持到他们到达。
③The old couple live in bad conditions, but they don't hold out their hands for government aid.
这对老夫妇生活条件不好，但是他们没有伸手要政府救济。
巧学活用
用hold的相关短语完成句子
①They held_out/held_on for another hour，and then their friends came.
②I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was_held_back thankfully by the shop window.
③James is a warm hearted person, who always holds_out a helping hand to people in need.
④—May I talk to Mr Thomas
—Hold_on. Your name please
3．withdraw vi.&vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)；提取；收回；撤回
[教材P113]This does not solve any problem and the person who withdraws feels more and more angry with the other person. 这并不能解决任何问题，退出的人会越来越生对方的气。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①After dinner they withdrew to the living room.
晚餐之后，他们回到了客厅。
②He had just withdrawn $500 from a bank yesterday when he was robbed.
昨天他刚从银行里取了500美元，就被抢劫了。
巧学活用
写出下列句中withdraw的汉语意思
①He wanted to withdraw from the event.退出
②I want to withdraw a statement I made earlier.收回
③He is going to withdraw all his money from the bank. 提取
4．put forward 提出；提议；推荐；将……提前；拨快(时钟指针)
[教材P113]Then, you put forward solutions. 然后，你提出解决方案。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①We have put forward the wedding by two weeks.
我们把婚礼提前了两周。
②The sports meet was put off because of the rain.
因为下雨，运动会取消了。
巧学活用
写出下列句中put forward的汉语意思
①I tend to accept any idea put forward by experts on TV. 提出
②You should put your watch forward by ten minutes.拨快
③They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week. 将……提前
④I think he is fit for the position; therefore, I'll put him forward as a candidate.　推荐
达标　练案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They have decided to withdraw(退出) from the competition.
2．She became so nervous that she shook violently(激烈地，剧烈地)．
3．I firmly(坚定地) believe children should be taught to cooperate rather than to compete.
4．In your opinion(观点，看法), what is the best answer to the question
Ⅱ.选词填空
come across; put forward; hold out　
1．Over the years several similar theories have_been_put_forward.
2．I was required to_hold_out my arms and hold my breath.
3．She came_across some old photographs in a drawer.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．The enemy troops had to withdraw_from the city.
敌人不得不从这个城市撤出。
2．Who put_forward the theory about black holes
谁提出了黑洞理论？
3．Their friends suggested they should put_up their prices.
他们的朋友建议他们提高价格。
4．I've never come_across such an experience in my time.
我一生中从没有遇到过这样的事情。
Section Ⅳ　LESSON 3　WAR MEMORIES
原文　呈现
Story A　Death of a Village
Do Chuc is a 48 year old Vietnamese farmer whose two daughters and aunt were killed by American soldiers① in My Lai that day【1】. He and his family were eating breakfast when the American soldiers entered the village and ordered all civilians② out of their homes. Together with other villagers, they were marched a few hundred metres into the village square where they were told to sit【2】. “Still we had no reason to be afraid，” Chuc remembered. “Everyone was calm. We'd seen it all before.” Then he watched in surprise③ as the soldiers set up a machine gun④. The calm ended and panic⑤ set in. The people began weeping and praying⑥. One man showed his identification⑦ papers to a soldier, but the American simply said, “Sorry.” Then the shooting started. Chuc was wounded in the leg and almost unconscious⑧， but he was covered by a pile of⑨ dead bodies and thus, his life was saved. After waiting an hour, he fled⑩ the village. (Adapted from My Lai 4 by Seymour Hersh)
读文　清障
①soldier n．士兵，军人
②civilian n．平民，老百姓
③in surprise 惊奇地
④machine gun 机关枪
⑤panic n．惊恐，惶恐，惊慌
⑥pray vi.&vt.祈求；祈祷
⑦identification n．身份证明(文件)
⑧unconscious adj.无意识的；失去知觉的
⑨a pile of 一堆；很多
⑩flee vi.&vt.逃离，逃走
【1】whose引导的定语从句，修饰farmer。
【2】where 引导的定语从句，修饰square。
故事A　村庄之死
杜沙是一个48岁的越南农民，他的两个女儿和一位姑妈那一天在美莱村被美国士兵杀害。杜沙和家人正在吃早餐，这时美军士兵进村了，并命令所有村民从家里出来。他们和其他村民一起，被带到几百米外的村广场上，然后他们被要求坐下。“我们没觉得有什么可怕的。”杜沙回忆道，“大家都很平静。我们之前也见过这样的场面。”但他惊讶地发现士兵们竟架起了机枪。平静结束了，恐慌开始了。人们开始哭泣、乞求。一名男子向士兵出示了他的身份证件，但那个美国人只是简单地说了声“对不起”。然后，扫射开始了。杜沙的腿受了伤，几乎不省人事，但他被一堆死尸覆盖，幸存下来。等了一个小时后，他逃离了村子。 改编自西摩·赫什的《美莱村四小时》
原文　呈现
Story B　No More Fighting
We were on the frontier and on Christmas morning we stuck up a board displaying “A Merry Christmas” on it. The enemy had stuck up a similar one. Two of our men then threw their equipment off and climbed out of the trench with their hands above their heads as our representatives . Two of the Germans did the same. They greeted each other and shook hands . Then we all got out of the trench. Bill (our officer) tried to prevent it but it was too late, so he and the other officers climbed out, too. We, and the Germans, walked through the mud and met in the middle of no man's land.
We spent all day with one another. Some of them could speak English. By the look of them, their trenches were in as bad a state as our own. One of their men, speaking in English, said that he had worked in England for some years and that he was fed up to the neck with this war and would be glad when it was over【3】. We told him he wasn't the only one who was fed up with it. The German officer asked Bill if we would like some beer【4】 and they brought them over to us. Bill distributed the beer among us and we consumed a lot. The officers came to an understanding that we would celebrate Christmas in temporary peace until midnight【5】．
Just before midnight, we all decided not to start firing before they did. We'd formed a bond and during the whole of Boxing Day, we never fired a shot and they the same; each side seemed to be waiting for the other to set the ball rolling. One of their men shouted across in English and asked how we had enjoyed the beer【6】. We replied that we were very grateful【7】 and spent the whole day chatting with them. That evening we were replaced by other soldiers. (Adapted from Old Soldiers Never Die by Frank Richards)
读文　清障
frontier n．国界，边境
display vt.展示，陈列
trench n．战壕，堑壕
representative n．代表，代理人
greet vt.问候，迎接，招呼
shake hands 握手
mud n．泥，烂泥
distribute vt.分发，分配，分送
bond n．契合；关系；联系
【3】两个that引导两个并列的宾语从句，第二个宾语从句中的when引导时间状语从句。
【4】if引导的宾语从句，作asked的宾语。
【5】that 引导的同位语从句，解释说明understanding的内容。
【6】how 引导的宾语从句，作asked的宾语。
【7】that引导的宾语从句，作replied的宾语。
故事B　不再战斗
那时我们在前线，圣诞节早晨我们竖起一块牌子，上面写着“圣诞快乐”。敌人也竖起了一块差不多的牌子。然后，我们的两名士兵脱下装备，爬出战壕，双手举过头顶，作为我方代表。两名德军士兵也这样做了。他们互相打招呼并握手，然后我们所有人都走出战壕。比尔 我们的军官 试图阻止这一切，但为时已晚，所以他和其他军官也都爬了出来。我们和德国人穿过泥泞，在无人地带中间相聚。
我们一起待了一整天。他们中有些人会说英语。从 他们的 样子可以看出，他们的战壕和我们的一样糟糕。他们中的一个人用英语说，他在英国工作过几年，受够了这场战争，如果战争结束，他会很高兴。我们告诉他，不是只有他一个人受够了这场战争。德国军官问比尔我们是否想喝点啤酒，他们拿过来送给我们。比尔把啤酒分给大家，我们喝了很多。双方军官达成共识，午夜之前我们将暂时和平地庆祝圣诞节。
临近午夜，我们都决定在对方开枪之前不先开枪。我们达成了一种默契，整个节礼日期间，我们都没有开过一枪，他们也一样，双方似乎都在等对方先开火。他们中的一个人用英语大喊，问我们啤酒怎么样。我们回答说非常感谢他们的啤酒，接下来一整天双方都在聊天。那天晚上，我们被其他部队替换下来了。 改编自弗兰克·理查兹的《老兵永生》
原文　呈现
Story C　Brave Patient
I got a phone call from the chief nurse, saying, “You've got a patient there who is going to get an award【8】. Make sure that the ward looks good.” This really turned me off to begin with, “Let's clean up the ward because we've got VIPs coming in.” Well, the VIPs happened to be a generaland a group of about a dozen people. It was this patient's second visit to us and this time he'd had both his legs blown off—he was all of about 20 years old. When he was waking up after the surgeonhad finished, he whispered, “Don't you remember me, ma'am？” I said, “Oh yeah！” But really I didn't because there were so many of them. The general was coming to give him the award because he happened tobe number 20,000 to come through this hospital. They had this little ceremony， where they presented him with a Purple Heart and a watch. As the general handed him the watch, “from the army, to show our appreciation，” the kid more or lessthrew the watch back at him. He said something like, “I can't accept this, sir; it's not going to help me walk.” After this little incident， I went over and took him in my arms. If I remember correctly, I started sobbing and I think he was crying, too. I really admired him for that. That was the only time I let somebody see what I felt【9】. It took a lot for him to do that, and it sort of said what this war was all about to me. (Adapted from A Piece of My Heart by Keith Walker)
读文　清障
ward n．病房
clean up 清理，打扫
general n．将军，上将
surgeon n．外科医生
happen to 碰巧
ceremony n．仪式，典礼
appreciation n．感激
more or less 或多或少
incident n．(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件
sort of 有几分；有点
【8】who引导的定语从句，修饰patient。
【9】what引导的宾语从句，作see的宾语。
故事C　勇敢的病人
我接到护士长的电话，她说：“你那里有个病人要得奖了。务必确保病房干净整洁。”这打一开始就让我很反感。“我们打扫病房吧，因为有贵宾要来。”嗯，贵宾是一名将军和十几个随从。这是这位病人第二次来到我们这里，而这次他的双腿都被炸没了——他也就才二十几岁。做完手术后他苏醒过来，小声说：“你不记得我了吗，女士？”我说：“哦，当然记得你！”但其实我对他没有印象，因为这里的伤员太多了。将军是来给他颁奖的，因为他正好是这家医院的第20 000名病人。他们举行了一个小小的仪式，给他颁发了一枚紫心勋章和一块手表。当将军把那块“来自军队，象征我们的感谢”的表递给他时，那个孩子几乎是把表扔了回去。他说了几句话，大概意思是“长官，我不能要这块表，因为它不能帮我走路”。这件小插曲之后，我走过去把他搂在怀里。如果我没记错的话，我哭了，我记得他应该也哭了。我真的很佩服他能说出那样的话。那也是我唯一一次流露出自己真实的感受。他那么做是很需要勇气的，这也多少反映了我对这场战争的看法。 改编自凯斯·沃克的《心之彼方》
语言　知识
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．temporary adj.暂时的，临时的；短期的→temporarily adv.暂时地；临时地
2．appreciation n．感激→appreciate vt.感激；欣赏→appreciative adj.有欣赏力的；表示赞赏的
3．pray vi.&vt.祈求；祈祷→prayer n．祈祷；祈祷者
4．representative n．代表，代理人→represent vt.表现；代表；象征
5．greet vt.问候，迎接，招呼→greeting n．问候；打招呼
6．mud n．泥，烂泥→muddy adj.泥泞的
7．distribute vt.分发，分配，分送→distribution n．分发，分配，分送
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．in surprise 惊奇地
2．a pile of 一堆；很多
3．shake hands 握手
4．be fed up to the neck with... 对……感到厌烦
5．more or less 或多或少
6．clean up 清理，打扫
7．sort of 有几分；有点
Ⅲ.教材原句
where 引导定语从句
Together with other villagers, they were marched a few hundred metres into the village square where_they_were_told_to_sit.
他们和其他村民一起，被带到几百米外的村广场上，然后他们被要求坐下。
语篇　细研
Ⅰ.根据课文选择最佳选项
1．Why was Chuc not killed by the American soldiers
A．Because he escaped from the village.
B．Because he knew one of the American soldiers.
C．Because the American soldiers didn't find him.
D．Because he was covered by a pile of dead bodies after he was wounded.
答案：D
2．Both of the troops were fed up with the war, so ________.
A．they gave up the war
B．they got together to celebrate Christmas
C．they didn't fire a shot any more
D．they made friends with each other
答案：B
3．Why did the soldier refuse the watch
A．Because he didn't like the watch.
B．Because he thought the watch was too expensive.
C．Because he thought the watch couldn't replace his legs.
D．Because he thought other soldiers would be better worth the watch.
答案：C
4．The nurse began sobbing because ________.
A．she admired the soldier and was moved by him
B．she felt sorry that she couldn't save the soldier's leg
C．the soldier made her think of her son
D．the war was cruel
答案：A
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
Story A　Death of a Village
One day Do Chuc and his family 1.were_having(have) breakfast when the American soldiers entered the village. They were ordered to leave their homes and marched into the village square 2.where they were told to sit. At first, the villagers were calm. Then, they watched 3.in surprise as the soldiers set up a machine gun. The people began weeping and praying. However, the shooting started finally. Chuc was saved with a pile of dead bodies 4.covering(cover) him.
Story B　No More Fighting
5．On Christmas morning we stuck up a board displaying “A Merry Christmas” on it and so did the enemy. Two of our men climbed out of the trench as our representatives and two of the 6.Germans(German) did the same. They greeted each other and shook hands. Soon we all got out of trench and met the Germans in the middle of no man's land. We spent all day together. One of their men remarked in English that he was fed up 7.with the war. We told him we felt the same. They also brought beer to us. The officers came to an understanding that we would celebrate Christmas 8.in temporary peace until midnight.
Story C　Brave Patient
The chief nurse telephoned me to clean up the ward, 9.saying(say) we had got a patient who would get an award. It was this patient's second visit to us and this time he'd had both his legs 10.blown(blow) off. He was awarded because he happened to be number 20,000 to come through this hospital. However, when the general handed him the prize, he nearly threw it back at him. I went over and took him in my arms. I knew he was much fed up with the war and I really admired him for that.
词汇　精讲
1．panic n．惊恐，惶恐，惊慌　v．(使)惊慌
[教材P36]The calm ended and panic set in. 平静结束了，恐慌开始了。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①Not only do online rumours cause people in panic, but they disturb public order.
不仅网络谣言使人们惊慌失措，而且它们也使公共秩序混乱。
②She suddenly got into a panic and stopped her car.
她突然惊慌失措起来，(于是)把车停了下来。
③Rumours panicked many investors into selling their shares.
谣言吓得许多投资者卖出了他们的股份。
panic的过去式和过去分词均为panicked。
巧学活用
完成句子
①She got_into_a_panic when she realised she'd forgotten the tickets.
她意识到忘记带入场券，顿时惊慌起来。
②I have to admit that I_was_in_panic when I saw this message.
我不得不承认当我看到这条消息时，我感到恐慌。
2．distribute vt.分发，分配，分送
[教材P37] Bill distributed the beer among us and we consumed a lot. 比尔把啤酒分给大家，我们喝了很多。
归纳拓展
(1)distribute... to/among... 在……中分发……
be distributed over... 分布于……
distribute... into... 把……分成……
(2)distribution n．分发；分配
distributor n．经销商
佳句背诵
①Food and clothes have been distributed among the poor.
食物和衣服已经分发给了穷人。
②The butterflies are widely distributed over our country.
蝴蝶在我国分布很广。
③They studied the distribution of the disease.
他们研究了这种疾病的分布情况。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
①The head of the department distributed the prizes to/among the winners.
②The map shows the distribution(distribute) of this species acro(共15张PPT)
UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
单元重点归纳
2门世2有
3厚(共64张PPT)
UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
第十一单元综合微评
(时间：90分钟　满分：120分)
2门世2有
3厚

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