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2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点高频易错题专练（外研版)
Module 9 Friendship 单元话题阅读理解
一、阅读理解
Do you know what a long friendship is like Let's have a look at the following examples.
I met my best friend fifteen years ago in my middle school. Now we work in different cities. Besides preparing a gift for him, I also write a letter to him on his birthday every year. And we send wishes to each other every holiday. Although we are very busy with our work, we never forget the important days. —Peter
I've known my best friend for ten years. I always keep in touch with her in my life. It doesn't mean that we talk to each other every day. In fact, I only call her up once a week. But it helps me make sure everything is okay in her life. I think it's important because she can know I'm always there for her. —Amy
I met my best friend twenty years ago in my primary school. In our lives, we have conflicts sometimes. But we usually speak out our ideas and make compromises to reach an agreement (协定). I think proper communication plays an important part in our friendship. And we never cover up our care for each other. —David
1．What does Peter do for his best friend's birthday
A．He prepares a party. B．He writes a letter.
C．He sends wishes. D．He calls him up.
2．How long have David and his best friend been friends
A．For ten years. B．For fifteen years.
C．For twenty years. D．For twenty-five years.
3．What can we know about Amy according to the passage
A．She met her best friend at school.
B．Her best friend often calls her at weekends.
C．She and her best friend live in the same city.
D．Keeping in touch is important in her friendship.
4．The passage is mainly about____.
A．a long friendship among three people
B．three people's ideas about a long friendship
C．three ways of keeping a long friendship
D．how to make friends in our lives
阅读
As you start a new term, you might feel a bit worried or nervous. These feelings aren't fun to have. But would your favourite superhero have these same feelings
Scientists have been studying what they call the "Batman Effect (效 应)" in children. They've found that if kids pretend (假装) to be a strong person — such as a superhero like Batman — they won't feel so nervous and will be able to focus(集中) on their work.
For example, if you feel nervous during an exam, try to imagine that you are Batman. You may find that you can remove the stress from this situation and feel more confident. This can help you fight off bad feelings and focus on your task, just like a superhero would. Pretending to be powerful makes us feel powerful, and that goes on to how we act in real life.
But you don't have to believe in superheroes for this to work. Anyone you admire (仰慕) can encourage you to get through hard times, or remind you of how you should act in certain situations. Movie stars, famous painters, even our own parents — anyone can be our "Batman".
As for me, I would like to choose Mr Rogers, He was a TV host who was always kind, helpful and patient when dealing with other people. I try to act the same way towards other people just like Mr Rogers.
5．Scientists think children can____when they feel nervous at the start of a new term.
A．imagine they are superheroes
B．watch a superhero movie
C．talk to their favourite teachers
D．ask a superhero for help
6．What does the underlined word"remove"in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Take away. B．Set up. C．Join in. D．Put away.
7．According to the passage, we can know that____.
A．pretending to be powerful makes us feel hopeless
B．we hardly believe in superheroes for this to work
C．anyone can't encourage us to get through hard times
D．we can imagine that we are Batman when feeling nervous
8．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Who helps children in real life.
B．Why everyone believes in heroes.
C．How "Batman Effect" works on children.
D．Why children feel nervous during exams.
第一篇
Do you feel lonely when your best friend isn't around Here's our advice to you — and to all kids who feel lonely sometimes.
It's hard when a best friend isn't around — maybe because he or she moved to a different school or a different class. You may feel left out during breaks or lunchtime. You want to make new friends, but how do you find them Maybe it seems like everybody else already has friends. But remember, there's always room for more friends.
Start by looking around your classroom — think about which kids you'd like to play with during breaks.! Look for chances to say hi to them, smile, and be friendly. Offer to share something or express your appreciation(欣赏)to them. Invite someone to play with you or say "Do you want to sit here " in the lunchroom. When you're at a break, walk over to kids you want to play with, act in a friendly way, and say "Hi, may I join you "or just join in.
If you have trouble doing this or if you're feeling shy, ask your teacher to help you make new friends. Teachers are usually pretty good at matching people up. The best way to make
friends is to be a friend. Being kind, being friendly, sharing, saying nice things, offering help — pretty soon, you'll have one, two or even more new friends.
You might still miss that special best friend. But when you see each other again, you can share something you didn't have before he or she left. You can introduce him or her to your new friends!
9．Which are good ways to make friends
a. Join others and play with them.
b. Invite others and share your happiness.
c. Keep asking for help from others.
d. Say "hello" to people you want to make friends with.
A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bed
10．The underlined word"this"in Paragraph 4refers to____.
A．feeling shy B．making a speech to friends
C．studying with friends D．making new friends by yourself
11．Why can teachers help kids to make friends
A．Because teachers have more free time than students.
B．Because teachers enjoy being friends with their students.
C．Because teachers know which students can be friends.
D．Because teachers are good at making friends with students.
12．What can we learn from the passage
A．When you feel lonely, making new friends is a good choice.
B．Making new friends is an easy job.
C．Teachers can become your best friends.
D．New friends would soon replace(代替) old friends.
阅读理解
It is necessary to share your feelings with others. Sharing your feelings helps you to get closer to people you care about and who care about you.
Sometimes it can be really hard not to tell anyone that you're feeling sad, worried, or upset. Don't keep feelings locked inside. If that, it can even make you feel sick!
But if you talk with someone who cares for you, like your mum or dad, you will not be all alone with your problems or worries. It doesn't mean your problems and worries go off, but at least someone else knows what your trouble is and can help you find ways to deal with it.
If the person doesn't understand what you mean right away, try explaining it in a different way or giving an example. Of course, there are many ways for you to share your feelings. If you think you'll have trouble saying what's on your mind, write it down on a piece of paper.
Some of us teenagers, just like some adults (成年人), are more private than others. That means some people will feel shy about sharing their feelings. A kid doesn't have to share every feeling he or she has, but it is important to share feelings when a kid needs help.
13．What do the underlined sentences in Paragraph 2 tell us
A．Don't tell anything to others.
B．Don't care about what others think.
C．You should share your feelings with others.
D．You have to stay inside and think it over.
14．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true
A．Sharing your feelings makes you closer to people.
B．Worrying too much even makes you feel sick.
C．There are many ways to speak up your feelings.
D．Teenagers are more private than adults.
15．In the writer's opinion, what will happen if you talk with someone about your worries
A．They will laugh at you.
B．They will share the feelings with you.
C．They will tell others about your worries.
D．They will help you find ways to solve them.
16．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．How to make friends. B．Sharing your feelings.
C．Don't laugh at others. D．Why you feel bad.
阅读理解
①Walking slowly out of the classroom by himself to the dining room; taking his lunch; sitting and eating alone at a table of four seats, such moments are pretty normal to be seen on the 14-year-old schoolboy, Peter. He spends most of his school time on his own, which makes his parents worry about him so much.
②His parents' worries are easy to understand. It is widely accepted that being alone is a symbol of being left out and can bring a lot of trouble. Most people believe teenagers who are usually alone do have few friends and are unable to fit in with other people. At the same time, they are at greater risk of having mental(心理的) problems.
③However, a new study by some researchers at Wilmington College, shows that this may not always be true. Whether it is bad for teenagers or not depends on the reasons why teenagers are alone. If it is their choice, it may play an active role in their personal growth.
④According to their study, when teenagers choose to think alone, they put 100% of their attention into what is in their mind and are more likely to experience deeper thoughts and feelings than working with others. They may have a greater chance to create something new, In this way they can better develop their creativity(创造力).
⑤On the other hand, the ongoing noise children's brains receive every day can put great stress on them and make it hard for them to focus. Being alone lets them shut themselves off from the noisy outside world and think about what's best for them. Slowly they improve their ability to focus.
⑥As a matter of fact, our culture is always biased(有偏见的) against being alone. Maybe it is the right time for us to rethink about Peter's situation before we say what's happening to him.
17．According to the study by the researchers, being alone____.
A．is often a symbol of loneliness
B．never causes problems
C．always improves teenagers' focus
D．may develop teenagers' creativity
18．How does the writer start the passage
A．By comparing two different opinions.
B．By giving an example.
C．By asking a question.
D．By describing the main character.
19．What can we infer from this passage
A．Choosing to be alone is a symbol of being left out.
B．Peter spends most of his school time alone.
C．Peter usually spends his time alone to improve his focus.
D．More people will have a deeper understanding of being alone in the future.
20．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
阅读理解
Damon tossed(扔) the tennis ball high in the air and watched. Prince ran and caught it in his mouth.
"Good boy, Prince!" Damon said.
Prince dropped the ball at Damon's feet just as a bark came from the next door. Damon looked up to see a little puppy(幼犬) run out of the house.
"Come on, Prince," Damon said. "Scott got a new puppy. Let's go to say hi."
Damon ran over to Scott. "Hey," Damon said.
Damon bent down and laughed, "What's his name "
"Duke. My dad brought him home for me last night."
"Hi, Duke," Damon said.
Prince barked and nudged the tennis ball towards Damon.
"Not now," Damon said. "I'm playing with Duke."
Duke tried to pick up the tennis ball, but his mouth was too small.
"Sorry, little guy. You need to grow a little before you can play with the ball," Damon said.
"Hey," Scott said, "show Duke how well Prince can catch the ball."
Damon wanted to keep playing with Duke. But Scott said to him, "Come on, show him."
Damon got up. He tossed the ball high in the air, and Prince jumped up to catch it.
"Wow!" Scott said. "I can't wait for Duke to be big enough to do that."
"But the puppy is so cute and fun," Damon said.
"Yeah, but Duke is too little to play with a ball. Prince is like having a friend around all the time," Scott said.
Damon looked at Prince and smiled. He was happy to have a dog who was also a friend.
21．What does the underlined word "nudged" mean in the passage
A．Pushed. B．Pulled. C．Hit. D．Dropped.
22．What did Damon think of this puppy
A．It was magic. B．It was cute and fun.
C．It was brave. D．It was terrible and ugly.
23．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Damon and Scott were brothers.
B．Scott's grandfather bought Duke for him last night.
C．Prince was good at catching the tennis ball.
D．Damon didn't like the puppy Duke.
24．What is the best title for this passage
A．How to Train a Dog
B．Feeding a Puppy Isn't Easy
C． A Kid's Good Friend
D．A Dog Is Better than a Cat
阅读理解
There are three different kinds of friends — "pest friends", "guest friends" and the "best friends". The first kind of friends is simply acquaintances(泛泛之交), and all you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friends at school, at work, or on the bus, but you don't miss them when they are not around. When this kind of friends does something bad, it may be difficult to stop them. That is why they are called "pest friends".
The second kind of friends could also be called "social partners". They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family stories; you usually have a few things in common. However, you don't talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears, and they don't open up to you how they really feel either.
The last kind of friends, the "best friends", is those you know the deepest. You're like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem with staying at each other's houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you're wrong, and although they may not be perfect, they at least will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose(故意地) to hurt you.
We all have our pest, guest, and best friends. We should value all friendships, no matter how deep or how superficial. Remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances.
25．According to the writer, when a friend of the first kind does something bad, you ____.
A．will tell him or her about it
B．should stay away from him or her
C．should advise him or her to correct it
D．may find it hard to tell him or her not to do so
26．If Tom and David are neighbours and classmates, and do things together, but don't share their feelings, they are probably ____.
A．pest friends B．guest friends C．best friends D．not friends
27．What can we learn from the passage
A．Only best friends are important to us.
B．A best friend will never hurt you.
C．You don't share your secrets with guest friends.
D．A pest friend will never become your best friend.
28．What is this passage mainly about
A．What a true friend is like.
B．Three kinds of friends in our lives.
C．The role that friends play in our lives.
D．Why there are different kinds of friends.
阅读理解
Dear Kate,
I know you have always had trouble making friends. Here I want to tell you some of my ways to help you solve the problem.
The biggest problem is that you are too afraid. The thing you should know is that everyone is as afraid as you are. Just try it. You can't practise without trying. I often try to find out something interesting about strangers. Their clothes, shoes, anything can bring into a talk. Finally you'll find something that you have in common. Then a small talk can turn into a big talk, which leads me to my next point.
Be interested in people. Ask them questions and really care about their answers. People become friendly very quickly when other people care about them. You can also watch their looks and actions and then guess what they are interested in. If you don't understand something they said, ask them to explain it. Don't be too shy.
There's no need to fear the one you're going to talk with. But keep in mind that failure (失败) is the mother of success. Maybe you'll experience several bad talks before you can have a successful one. Don't be afraid of it. Practise more and you'll make huge progress.
I hope these suggestions can be useful for you to make friends.
Yours,
Mr Known
29．What can we do to show our interest in people
①Dress like them. ②Guess their interest.
③Ask them questions. ④Care about their answers.
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
30．Mr Known believes starting a successful talk may be ____.
A．kind of unusual B．a little difficult
C．quite easy D．very important
31．How many ways of making friends does Mr Known suggest
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
32．What can we infer from the passage
A．Not many people feel afraid when talking with strangers.
B．The more questions you ask, the more friends you'll make.
C．Showing interest is the most important thing.
D．You need a lot of practice to have good talks.
阅读理解
Here are some students' ideas about a good friend.
I think a good friend should be honest. That is more important than any other thing. If a friend isn't honest, he may lose his friends' trust. —Cindy
I think a good friend has to be generous. Here "generous" doesn't mean he has to give his friends his lunch money or his clothes. It means he should share his ideas and feelings with his friends. —Jerry
In my eyes, a good friend should understand his friends. When there's something wrong, he must put himself in his friends' place and think more for his friends. —Mary
33．What does the underlined sentence mean
A．To be honest is the most important.
B．To be honest is as important as other things.
C．To be honest is not so important.
D．There are other things more important than honesty.
34．Jerry would like to make friends with people who ____.
A．give him lunch money
B．know him very well
C．tell him their ideas and feelings
D．send him some clothes
35．Mary thinks friends should ____.
A．visit each other often
B．help each other do more things
C．understand each other
D．share the lunch money
阅读理解
A team of scientists say that playing sounds underwater can get fish to return to areas with damaged coral reefs (受损的珊瑚礁). They found fish returned after hearing recordings of the sounds of healthy coral reefs.
The scientists placed underwater speakers in areas with dying coral in Australia's northern Great Barrier Reef. They played the sounds for about six weeks and studied the results. The team reported that many fish arrived in areas with the sounds of healthy coral reefs. The number of fish is twice more than before. The species(物种) also increases (增加) by 50 percent in the area.
The scientists noted the importance of having many different kinds of fishes. Different kinds of fishes perform different activities that support the ocean environment and sea life.
Steve is a scientist who leads the research. He said, "Damaged coral reefs have a higher chance to regrow if they have healthy fish populations. Healthy coral reefs are very noisy places. They have the sounds of many kinds of fish and other sea animals. Young fish listen for these sounds when they are looking for a place to live."
Playing the underwater speakers is a useful way to get young fish to come back. The return of these fish is the first step towards improving coral reefs. Fish can clean the reefs and create space for coral to regrow.
36．The team of scientists play sounds underwater to help ____.
A．increase the population of fish in the sea
B．the fish in the sea find a place to live
C．fish return to areas with damaged coral reefs
D．save some dying sea species
37．Paragraph 2 mainly tells us ____.
A．the coral's environment has greatly changed
B．the scientists played the sounds for about six weeks
C．the scientists placed underwater speakers in Australia's northern Great Barrier Reef
D．many fish arrived in areas with the sounds of healthy coral reefs
38．What can we know about healthy coral reefs
A．They have few sea species. B．They are quite noisy places.
C．Fish don't like living there. D．There must be some speakers.
39．Damaged coral reefs with speakers will ____.
A．get worse quickly B．get better slowly
C．have no more coral D．have no more fish
阅读理解
It was Day 1 of our vacation on Cortes, a beautiful quiet island. "Smartphone, smartphone, smartphone," my son kept moaning (呻吟). In front of him was a big window facing the blue ocean. And a cool gentle wind was coming in from the door. Clearly, he saw and felt none of it.
Back at home, I'd soon give up and hand the phone over to him after five minutes of listening to this kind of moaning. But not here.
Before we left, I had told my 10-year-old son the rule — no emails, no video games, and no smartphones. We came here to get away from them all. Here we were on our first day and already, he couldn't stand it.
▲ I walked down the grass road to the beach and looked out to the sea. My 6-year-old daughter and my husband were drawing on pieces of wood. They were doing just fine.
On Day 2, we spent the whole morning digging for shells(壳). This time, my son joined us. He collected shellfish and other sea treasures. When we got back to our little wood house, I gave my son a book, and put him on the lovely garden chair. It was almost dinner time when he looked up.
The next few days passed in peace.
On Day 6, my son was lying beside me on the beach, watching the sun going down. He was playing with the sand. And there was something shining in his eyes. I realised how time slowed down for both of us. It was exactly what I wanted. Finally, we were able to sit quietly without thinking about screens, phone calls and emails.
A week away from all the electronics(电子设备), life is good.
40．What is the special rule for the writer's vacation
A．They couldn't use their electronics.
B．They must keep quiet and stay in the house.
C．They had to spend their vacation on an island.
D．They should collect as many shells as possible.
41．Which of the following can be put in "▲" in Paragraph 4
A．I felt really tired and went to bed.
B．I closed the door and stayed with him.
C．I just walked outside to leave him alone.
D．I gave him smartphone and let him stay inside.
42．The change of the son's feelings can be described as ____.
A．angry→surprised→proud B．excited→peaceful→bored
C．worried→angry→hopeful D．bored→peaceful→pleased
43．What is the best title for the passage
A．A Terrible Life on the Island
B．A Special Smartphone for My Son
C．A Fight Between Mother and Son
D．A Vacation Away from Electronics
阅读理解
A Notice to Travellers
Welcome to the Huangshan Taiping Cableway(索道)! This is Asia's longest and China's biggest tourist cableway! Each cable car can carry 100 passengers and one staff worker. The cableway is 3,709 metres long.
Taking a cable car saves you a lot of energy. You can also enjoy the beautiful scenery of the mountains along the way. It will be an unforgettable experience!
Here are the things you should know before you take our cable car.
★You must show your ticket to enter the passenger hall and take the cable car.
★People who have hypertension(高血压), heart trouble, acrophobia (恐高症) or mental illness should not take the cable car.
★Don't use your mobile phone while you are in the cable car. Keep your head and hands inside the car. Hold the handrail because the cable car may swing during the ride.
★If anything goes wrong, please keep calm. Follow the staff worker's words.
★Please bring your personal things with you before you leave the cable car. Don't step out of the car until it stops.
★You are not allowed to carry explosive things or other things that are unsafe into the cable car.
Please call us when you need help. Our service numbers are 0559-08551818 and 0559-08551808.
Thank you very much for your cooperation. May you enjoy the ride!
44．What's the notice about
A．An unforgettable experience. B．Saving more energy.
C．Taking the cable car. D．Climbing the mountains.
45．What do the underlined words "explosive things" most probably mean according to the passage
A．Expensive things. B．Dangerous things.
C．Delicious things. D．Personal things.
46．From the passage, we can learn that ____.
A．each cable car can carry just 100 people
B．people who have heart problem can take the cable car
C．ask the staff worker for help when something goes wrong
D．you can take photos with phones in the cable car during the ride
47．The passage may be taken from a poster about ____.
A．travel B．culture C．nature D．work
阅读理解
Whitney didn't have many friends because she was a bit shy when she was in the primary school. She never wanted to be popular, but she did want to have someone to share secrets and laugh with.
When it was time to go to a junior high school in another town, Whitney was quite nervous. She was going to live with someone she didn't know and the school was
3, 000 miles away from home. She had no idea how she was going to make friends there.
In the first week of classes, something happened, however. In her English class, the teacher asked students a question, "What is your goal for this term " Most of the students said it was to get a high mark, but Whitney said something different. She said that her goal was to make just one good friend.
Most of the students sat quietly but a girl named Linda came to Whitney and introduced herself. She reached out her hand and asked if Whitney would be her friend. Whitney smiled and held out her hand, too.
Whitney learned that if she wanted something, she should ask for it.
48．Why did Whitney feel nervous when she began to go to a junior high school
A．Because she couldn't study well.
B．Because her new school was near her home.
C．Because she didn't know anyone there.
D．Because the teachers were all strict.
49．What was most students' answer when the teacher, asked about their goals
A．Making more friends. B．Doing well in tests.
C．Reading more books. D．Playing more games.
50．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Linda introduced herself to Whitney.
B．Whitney had lots of friends in her town.
C．Whitney didn't agree to be Linda's friend.
D．Linda was Whitney's English teacher.
51．What is the passage mainly talking about
A．Hard- working students. B．A new school.
C．Goals in a new school. D．A shy girl student.
阅读理解
With schools closed and restrictions(限制) on public activities, it can be a difficult time for young people, who suddenly can't spend time with their friends and family in person.
However, the situation has already led to some creative ways of using technology to keep in touch with those people, from video calls and group chats(聊天) to online games.. Experts say that young people might find the social restrictions on seeing their friends in real life stressful(有压力的), which is why technology can be helpful.
"Keeping relationships(关 系)is very important for health, "says Dr Amanda Gummer, creator of Dr Gummer's Good Play Guide. She adds that this is more important the older you get." Not maintainingthese friendships can make it more difficult for you to get back into school when the time comes," she says. Chezy Kennedy, from a training program called Confident Kids, agrees. "Staying connected to those we care about is even more important now than ever before, " she says. "We can suddenly feel quite lonely. "
Messaging apps and video calls are good for checking on friends, or organising group chats to keep in touch. "Video chats are a great way to keep connected with your wider friendship group," says Gummer.
Experts agree that there are plenty of ways to be creative with video chats besides talking to friends. Gummer suggests, "A virtual (虚拟的) film-and pizza night can work well.
Sharna Jackson, an expert on young people and technology, has lots of ideas too. She suggests taking turns to teach friends something you're really good at-such as painting and drawing, perhaps. She also thinks that online games, including Fortnite and Minecraft. Can play a really good role.
"It's good to play together. It's social. There's problem-solving and turn-taking, and it helps you develop different skills," she says.
52．According to the passage, young people will ________when they can't stay with friends.
A．be afraid of growing up B．fail to pass the exams
C．experience a hard time D．refuse to go to school
53．The underlined word "maintaining" probably means "________".
A．finding B．ending C．checking D．keeping
54．The passage mentions the following ways of keeping in touch EXCEPT ________.
A．talking to friends on the Internet B．playing online games
C．producing online videos together D．teaching friends online
55．What's the best title for the passage
A．Away from friends B．Together with technology
C．Alone at home D．Back to school
阅读理解
Sometimes people come into your life and you know at once that they were sure to be there. They serve some kinds of purpose- teach you a lesson or help find out who you are or who you want to become. You never know who these people may be: your classmates, neighbours, teachers, long -lost friends or even a real stranger. But you know that every moment they will affect(影响) your life in some serious ways.
Sometimes things happen to you. At the time they may seem terrible, painful and unfair (不公平的). But later you realise (意识到) that without getting over those difficulties you would have never realised your further ability and strength. Everything happens for a reason and nothing happens by chance or with good or bad luck.
The people you meet make your life different, and the successes and failures you experience create who you are. Even the bad experiences can be learned from. In fact, they are probably the most poignant (令人伤心的) and important ones.
Enjoy every day, even every moment and take from it what you possibly can, for you may never be able to experience it again. Talk to who you have never talked to before, and really listen. You should set your sights high, hold your head up, tell yourself you are a great one and believe in yourself.
You can make your life go on with anything you like. Create your own life and then go out and live it.
56．The people we meet ________.
A．will change us in some ways B．serve us just on teaching lessons
C．won't become our neighbours D．all know where to find us
57．From the passage, we know that bad things can make us ________.
A．terribly meet bad luck B．realise our further ability
C．find no serious success D．possibly enjoy every moment
58．The underlined sentence "You should set your sights high, hold your head up" in the last but one paragraph means ________.
A．You should go out to play
B．You should believe in yourself
C．You should enjoy every moment
D．You should make a plan and keep practising it
59．The writer's advice is that we should ________.
A．never talk to strange people B．learn as much as we can each day
C．get over difficulties painfully D．not believe in ourselves but others
答案解析部分
1．B
2．C
3．D
4．B
本文主要介绍了三个人关于长久友谊的观点。
考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题和文章大意题，细节理解题要从原文找答案，文章大意题要归纳文章大意。
1．细节理解题。根据"Besides preparing a gift for him, I also write a letter to him on his birthday every year. "可知彼得在他最好的朋友生日时给他写信，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据"I met my best friend twenty years ago in my primary school."可知David遇到他最好的朋友二十年了，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据"I always keep in touch with her in my life."可知Amy总是与她的好朋友保持联系，故选D。
4．文章大意题。根据Do you know what a long friendship is like，可知本文主要介绍了三个人关于长久友谊的观点。故选B。
5．A
6．A
7．D
8．C
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了可以缓解孩子紧张的"蝙蝠侠效应"。
考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题和文章大意题三种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"They've found that if kids pretend (假装) to be a strong person — such as a superhero like Batman — they won't feel so nervous and will be able to focus(集中) on their work他们发现，如果孩子们假装是一个强壮的人——比如像蝙蝠侠这样的超级英雄——他们就不会感到那么紧张，并且能够专注于他们的工作"，可知科学家认为孩子们在新学期开始感到紧张时可以想象他们是超级英雄，故选A。
6．词义猜测题。根据后半句"and feel more confident而且感觉更自信"，结合选项，可知划线词大概表示"移除压力"，这与选项A意思接近，故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"if you feel nervous during an exam, try to imagine that you are Batman. You may find that you can remove the stress from this situation and feel more confident. This can help you fight off bad feelings and focus on your task, just like a superhero would如果你在考试中感到紧张，试着把自己想象成蝙蝠侠。你可能会发现你可以从这种情况中消除压力，感觉更自信。这可以帮助你消除不良情绪，专注于你的任务，就像超级英雄一样"，可知当我们感到紧张时，我们可以想象自己是蝙蝠侠，故选D。
8．文章大意题。通读全文，可知作者通过提问的形式引出话题——蝙蝠侠效应，通过科学家的研究证明这一理论的真实性……可知文章主要是关于"蝙蝠侠效应"如何影响儿童，故选C。
9．B
10．D
11．C
12．A
这篇短文主要论述了朋友在我们生活中的重要作用，并就如何交朋友提出了几点建议。
考查阅读理解。做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
9．细节理解题。根据Look for chances to say hi to them， smile，and be friendly.Offer to share something or express your appreciation (欣赏)to them，Invite someone to play with you or say"Do you want to sit here "in the lunchroom.When you're at break, walk over to kids you want to play with，act friendly, and say"Hi， may I join you "or just join in.(找机会跟他们打招呼，微笑，表现得友好一些。向他们分享一些东西或表达你的欣赏，邀请别人和你一起玩或在餐厅里说"你想坐在这里吗 "。当你休息的时候，走到你想和你一起玩的孩子身边，表现得友好一些，并说:"嗨，我可以加入你吗 "或者直接加入进来。)可知，交朋友的好方法是:加入其他人和他们一起玩;邀请别人分享你的快乐;对你想交朋友的人说"你好"。故选B。
10．代词指代题。联系本段及下文ask your teacher to help you make new frien ds.(请老师帮助你结交新朋友。)可知，此处 this指的是自己结交新朋友。故选D。
11．判断推理题。根据 Teachers are usually pretty good at matching people up. 可知老师们很擅长为人民配对，C选项"因为老师知道哪些学生可以成为朋友。"符合题意，故选C。
12．主旨大意题。根据第一段Do you feel lonely when your best friend isn' t around Here's our advice to you-and to all kids who feel lonely sometimes.(当你最好的朋友不在身边时，你会感到孤独吗 以下是我们给你的建议，以及所有有时感到孤独的孩子们的建议。)以及这篇短文主要论述了朋友在我们生活中的重要作用，并就如何交朋友提出了几点建议。可知，我们能从这个故事中学到当你感到孤独时，结交新朋友是个不错的选择。故选A。
13．C
14．D
15．D
16．B
本文主要介绍了向朋友分享感受的重要性，以及该如何分享。
考查阅读理解，注意先易后难，先做自己熟悉的题型，再做自己不熟悉的题型。要注意仔细审题，理解题目的要求。同时，要注意控制答题时间，确保能够在规定的时间内完成所有的题目。
13．推理判断题。根据"Sometimes it can be really hard not to tell anyone that you're feeling sad, worried, or upset."可知，有时候真的很难不告诉别人你感到悲伤、担心或不安；再根据"If so, it can even make you feel worse!"可知，如果把这些不好的情绪藏在心里不说出来，只会使你感觉更糟糕；因此"Don't keep feelings inside."表示应向他人分享你的感受。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据"at least someone else knows what your trouble is and can help you find ways to do with it"可知，向一个关心你的人谈论你的问题，能帮助你找到解决问题的方法；由此推知在作者看来，如果你告诉朋友你的担忧，他们会帮助你找到解决的方法。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据"In fact, adults are more private (注重隐私的) than people of other ages."可知，事实上，成年人比其他年龄段的人更注重隐私。选项D表述有误。故选D。
16．文章大意题。根据"It's necessary to share your feelings with your friends,"及全文可知，本文主要介绍了向朋友分享感受的重要性，以及该如何分享。故选B。
17．D
18．B
19．D
20．C
本文讲述了独处一直在人们眼里是不好的，但最新的研究发现独处并不是坏事，如果主动选择独处，那么独处会在这个人的成长中发挥积极作用。
考查阅读理解，注意回到原文找答案：在回答问题时，要回到原文中寻找答案，尽量选择与原文一致的选项。快速浏览文章，了解文章的大意。通过略读，可以了解文章的体裁、背景、主题和结构等信息。
17．细节理解题。根据第四段"when teenagers choose to think alone, they put 100% of their attention ... In this way they can better develop their creativity (创造力)."可知，根据研究，独处可能能培养青少年的创造力。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据第一段"Walking slowly out of the classroom by himself to the dining room ... He spends most of his school time on his own, which leads his parents to worry about him so much."可知，作者通过举例来开始本文的。故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Maybe it is the right time for us to rethink about Peter's situation before we say what's happening to him.（也许现在是时候重新考虑彼得的处境在我们说他发生了什么之前。）"可推知，将来会有更多的人对独处有更深刻的理解。故选D。
20．文章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是用彼得的例子引出话题；第二段是阐述大多数人对独处的看法；第三、四、五段是介绍最新的研究发现独处有很多好处；第六段是总结全文。综上正确的结构为①/②/③④⑤/⑥。故选C。
21．A
22．B
23．C
24．C
文章大意：文章讲述了Damon和他的狗Prince之间的亲密友谊，以及他们与Scott的新小狗Duke的互动。
考查阅读理解。主要考查词义猜测题、细节理解题和标题选择题。词义猜测题注意尝试从词汇所在的句子或段落中寻找线索。上下文通常能提供足够的语境来推断词汇的含义。细节理解题注意仔细阅读题干和选项，确保对每个选项都有清晰的理解。然后，回到原文中查找相关信息。标题选择题注意排除那些只涉及文章细节或个别段落的选项，它们通常不是文章的主旨。
21．词义猜测题。结合原文Prince barked and nudged the tennis ball towards Damon. 当Prince想要Damon注意它时，它nudged网球朝向Damon，可以推断，这个动作是轻轻地推或顶，选项Pushed（推）最符合文意，选项Pulled（拉）、Hit（打）和Dropped（扔）都与文中的描述不符，故答案为A。
22．细节理解题。根据原文But the puppy is so cute and fun（但是这只小狗很可爱很有趣），这句话直接表达了Damon对这只小狗的看法，故答案为B。
23．细节理解题。根据原文Prince ran and caught it in his mouth.（Prince跑过去并用嘴接住了它）和Damon got up. He tossed the ball high in the air, and Prince jumped up to catch it.（Damon站起来。他把球高高地扔向空中，Prince跳起来接住它）可知，Prince擅长接网球，选项Prince was good at catching the tennis ball.（Prince擅长接网球）与原文相符，故答案为C。
24．标题选择题。综合文章内容分析，文章主要讲述了Damon和他的狗Prince之间的友谊，以及他们对Scott的新小狗Duke的看法。整篇文章都围绕着孩子和狗之间的友谊展开，选项A Kid's Good Friend（一个孩子的好朋友）最符合文章的主旨，故答案为C。
25．D
26．B
27．C
28．B
文章大意：本文主要探讨了人们生活中存在的三种不同类型的朋友：害虫朋友（pest friends）、客人朋友（guest friends）和最好的朋友（best friends）。
考查阅读理解。主要考查细节理解题和文章大意题。细节理解题注意在原文中找到与问题直接相关的部分，将每个选项与原文中的信息进行对比，找出最符合原文描述的选项。文章大意题注意将每个选项与全文的主旨进行对比，找出最符合主旨的选项。同时，要注意选项的表述是否准确、简洁且全面。
25．细节理解题。根据原文When this kind of friends does something bad, it may be difficult to stop them.可知，当第一种类型的朋友做了坏事时，你可能很难阻止他们或告诉他们不要做，故答案为D。
26．细节理解题。根据原文They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. ... However, you don't talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears可知，第二种类型的朋友虽然比泛泛之交更亲密，但不会分享深刻的感受或愿望。因此，汤姆和大卫作为邻居和同学一起做事，但不分享感受，符合第二种类型朋友的特征，即guest friends，故答案为B。
27．细节理解题。根据原文However, you don't talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears, and they don't open up to you how they really feel either.可知，与第二种类型的朋友（guest friends）相处时，你不会分享秘密或深刻的感受，故答案为C。
28．文章大意题。根据原文There are three different kinds of friends — "pest friends", "guest friends" and the "best friends"可知，文章主要讨论的是我们生活中存在的三种不同类型的朋友，故答案为B。
29．D
30．B
31．B
32．D
文章大意：本文主要是关于如何有效地与他人建立友谊和进行良好对话的建议。作者（以Mr. Known的身份）分享了几个实用的策略，旨在帮助读者提高社交技巧，从而更容易地与他人建立联系。
考查阅读理解。主要考查细节理解题和推理判断题。细节理解题注意回到原文中，找到与问题直接相关的句子或段落。仔细阅读这些部分，确保完全理解了其中的信息。然后，根据问题中的要求，从原文中提取出正确的答案。推理判断题注意理解问题中的要求，明确需要推理判断的内容。然后，回到原文中，找到与问题相关的信息。仔细阅读并理解这些信息，然后结合常识和逻辑推理能力，得出合理的结论。
29．细节理解题。根据原文You can also watch their looks and actions and then guess what they are interested in.可知，猜测兴趣是展示兴趣的一种方式，故选②，以及Ask them questions and really care about their answers.可知，问问题和关心他们的问题也是展示兴趣的方式，故选③④，①在文中并未提及，故答案为D。
30．细节理解题。根据原文Maybe you'll experience several bad talks before you can have a successful one.，可知成功对话可能需要一些尝试和努力，选项a little difficult（有点困难）与原文相符，故答案为B。
31．细节理解题。根据原文I often try to find out something interesting about strangers. 可知，Mr. Known建议通过寻找与陌生人共同感兴趣的话题来开始对话，这是交朋友的第一种方式。原文Be interested in people. Ask them questions and really care about their answers.这段话直接指出了第二种交朋友的方式，即对人们感兴趣，通过问问题和关心他们的回答来建立联系。原文Maybe you'll experience several bad talks before you can have a successful one. Don't be afraid of it. Practise more and you'll make huge progress.这段话暗示了交朋友的过程中可能会遇到失败，但重要的是不要害怕，要多练习，这是第三种方式。综上所述，原文中总共提到了三种交朋友的方式，故答案为B。
32．推理判断题。根据原文Practise more and you'll make huge progress.（多练习，你会取得巨大的进步）以及Maybe you'll experience several bad talks before you can have a successful one.（在你能有一次成功的对话之前，你可能会经历几次糟糕的对话）可推断，要想在对话中表现得更好，就需要不断地练习。练习可以帮助我们提高语言表达能力、增强自信心，从而更有可能进行流畅且有意义的对话，故答案为D。
33．A
34．C
35．C
文章大意：文章主要总结了三位学生对好朋友的不同看法。
考查阅读理解。主要考查词句理解题和细节理解题。词句理解题注意要仔细阅读划线句子及其前后的内容，理解整个段落或句子的语境。将每个选项与原文进行对比，看哪个选项最符合原文的意思。细节理解题注意将每个选项与原文进行对比，找出最符合原文意思的选项。
33．推理判断题。联系前文I think a good friend should be honest.可以推断出，that指代的是诚信，Cindy认为诚实比其他任何事情都重要，故答案为A。
34．细节理解题。根据原文Here "generous" doesn't mean he has to give his friends his lunch money or his clothes. It means he should share his ideas and feelings with his friends.可知，Jerry喜欢和愿意与他分享想法和感受的人交朋友，故答案为C。
35．细节理解题。根据原文In my eyes，a good friend should understand his friends.可知，Mary认为好朋友应该理解对方，故答案为C。
36．C
37．A
38．B
39．B
大意：文章介绍了科学家们通过在水下播放健康珊瑚礁的声音，成功地吸引了鱼类回到受损的珊瑚礁区域的方法。
考查阅读选择。注意排除干扰选项：在选择答案时，要排除那些与原文不符或无关的干扰选项，尽量选择与原文一致的选项。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段 They played the sounds for about six weeks and studied the results. The team reported that many fish arrived in areas with the sounds of healthy coral reefs. 他们播放了大约六周的声音，并对结果进行了研究。研究小组报告说，许多鱼类来到了有健康珊瑚礁声音的区域，可知是为了帮助鱼类重返珊瑚礁受损地区 。故选C。
37．段落大意题。根据第二段 The number of fish is twice more than before. The species(物种) also increases(增加) by 50 percent in the area. 鱼的数量比以前多了一倍。该地区的物种也增加了 50%，可知第二段主要介绍了：珊瑚的生存环境发生了巨大变化。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 Healthy coral reefs are very noisy places. ，可知健康的珊瑚礁非常喧闹。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段 Playing the underwater speakers is a useful way to get young fish to come back. The return of these fish is the first step towards improving coral reefs. Fish can clean the reefs and create space for coral to regrow. 播放水下扬声器是让幼鱼回归的有效方法。这些鱼的回归是改善珊瑚礁的第一步。鱼类可以清洁珊瑚礁，为珊瑚的重新生长创造空间，可知带有扬声器的受损珊瑚礁将慢慢好转。故选B。
40．A
41．C
42．D
43．D
大意：文章记录了作者的儿子从一开始去度假远离电子产品的无聊，到最后开心的变化。
考查阅读选择。注意回到原文找答案：在回答问题时，要回到原文中寻找答案，尽量选择与原文一致的选项。
40．细节理解题。根据第三段Before we left, I had told my 10-year-old son the rule — no emails, no video games, and no smartphones. 出发前，我告诉我 10 岁的儿子一个规矩--不收发电子邮件、不玩电子游戏、不使用智能手机，可知是他们无法使用电子产品。故选A。
41．推理判断题。根据上文Here we were on our first day and already, he couldn't stand it.这才第一天，他就受不了了；以及下文 I walked down the grass road to the beach and looked out to the sea. 我沿着草地路走到海边，向大海眺望，可知空格处应是交代：我就走到外面，让他一个人呆着。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据第三段Here we were on our first day and already, he couldn't stand it.这才第一天，他就受不了了；第五段 The next few days passed in peace. 接下来的几天过得很平静；以及倒数第二段On Day 6, my son was lying beside me on the beach, watching the sun going down. He was playing with the sand. 第六天，我儿子躺在沙滩上，看着太阳下山。他在玩沙子，可知儿子的感受变化为：无聊→平静→高兴 。故选D。
43．最佳标题题。通读全文，可知文章记录了作者的儿子从一开始去度假远离电子产品的无聊，到最后开心的变化，可知最佳标题为：远离电子产品的假期。故选D。
44．C
45．B
46．C
47．A
大意：文章介绍了乘坐缆车的注意事项。
考查阅读选择。注意先看题目，再看文章：在开始阅读文章之前，先看一遍题目，了解文章的主题和问题，有目的地阅读文章，可以提高阅读效率。
44．细节理解题。根据第三段 Here are the things you should know before you take our cable car. 在乘坐我们的缆车之前，您应该了解以下事项，可知这则告示是关于乘坐缆车的。故选C。
45．词义猜测题。根据 ther things that are unsafe into the cable car. 把不安全的东西放进缆车，可知此处应是指出：不允许带危险的东西，explosive things 意为"危险的事物"。故选B。
46．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 Please call us when you need help. 需要帮助时，请致电我们，可知出了问题可向工作人员求助 。故选C。
47．文章出处题 。通读文章，可知文章介绍了乘坐缆车的注意事项，可推知是来自于旅行海报。故选A。
48．C
49．B
50．A
51．D
文章大意：本文介绍了惠特尼比较害羞，没有朋友。当她到一个遥远的城市上大学，她不知道如何交朋友。在大学的第一节课上，所有的学生被要求介绍自己的情况。惠特尼说她的目标只是想要交一个朋友。其中有一个学生伸出手，并作自我介绍，于是他们成为了好朋友。
考查阅读理解。注意要理解大意，然后看问题，带着问题迅速找到相关内容，从而选出答案。
48．根据When it was time to go to a junior high school in another town, Whitney was quite nervous. She was going to live with someone she didn't know and the school was 3, 000 miles away from home. She had no idea how she was going to make friends there.可知，当到了去另一个城镇读初中的时候，惠特尼非常紧张。她要和一个她不认识的人住在一起离家3000英里。她不知道她将如何在那里交朋友。所以在一个新地方不认识他人，会感到紧张，故选C。
49．根据Most of the students said it was to get a high mark可知，大多数学生说这是为了获得高分，也就是在考试中表现好，故选B。
50．根据Most of the students sat quietly but a girl named Linda came to Whitney and introduced herself. 可知，大多数学生都静静地坐着，但一个叫琳达的女孩来到惠特尼面前，自我介绍。所以A选项正确，故选A。
51．通读全文，文章主要讲述了一个害羞女孩的故事，故选D。
52．C
53．D
54．C
55．B
文章大意：文章主要介绍了和朋友保持联系的一些方法，包括线上聊天，一起玩儿游戏，教朋友线上画画等。
考查阅读理解。做题时可以先看问题，然后读文，这样会快速定位到答案。
52．根据文章第一段 With schools closed and restrictions(限制) on public activities, it can be a difficult time for young people, who suddenly can't spend time with their friends and family in person.可知， 随着学校的关闭和对公共活动的限制，对年轻人来说可能是一段艰难的时期，他们突然无法与亲朋好友共度时光。故选C。
53．根据文章第三段第一句话Keeping relationships is very important for health可知，保持关系对健康是非常重要的。且在文章第三段第三句话 Not maintaining these friendships can make it more difficult for you to get back into school when the time comes可知，不保持这些友谊会让你在时机成熟时重返校园变得更加困难。所以文章第三段主要讲的是保持友谊，也就是maintaining指的是 "保持" ，故选D。
54．根据文章第四段Video chats are a great way to keep connected with your wider friendship group可知，视频聊天是一种与更广泛的友谊团体保持联系的好方法。所以A选项正确；根据文章倒数第二段最后一句话 She also thinks that online games, including Fortnite and Minecraft. Can play a really good role.可知，她还认为，包括Fortnite and Minecraft在内的网络游戏可以发挥非常好的作用。所以B选项正确；根据文章倒数第二段第二句话She suggests taking turns to teach friends something you're really good at-such as painting and drawing, perhaps. 可知，她建议轮流教朋友一些你真正擅长的东西，比如画画。所以D选项正确；C选项文章未提及，故选C。
55．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了和朋友保持联系的方法，都是用科技实现的，例如线上聊天，一起玩儿游戏，教朋友线上画画等。
56．A
57．B
58．B
59．B
文章大意：文章主要谈论的是要不断的学习，来创造出属于自己的生活。
考查阅读理解。注意对具体问题不要局限于一词一事，而应从短文整体考虑，从主线向外扩展，打开思路，前后上下对照。这样，可减少"钻牛角尖"和"繁琐分析"。而且在中考试题中，即使是事实和细节题，也是"围绕或用以说明主旨和大意"的。
56．根据第一段最后一句话But you know that every moment they will influence your life in some serious way可知，你遇到的人在某些方面会改变你，故选A。
57．根据But later you realize that without overcoming those difficulties，you would have never realized your further ability and advantages可知，坏的事情会让我们认识到更大的能力，故选B。
58．根据You should set your sights high, hold your head up, tell yourself you are a great one and believe in yourself.可知，你应该高瞻远瞩，昂首挺胸，告诉自己你是一个伟大的人，相信自己，所以划线部分的意思是相信自己，故选B。
59．由Enjoy every day even every moment and take from it everything that you possibly can，for you may never be able to experience it again可知：作者的意图是要我们每天都要尽可能多地去学习，故选B。

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