资源简介

2025届高考英语模拟预测卷（全国甲卷）
一．阅读理解（共4小题）
1．（2025 达州二模） Last December，researchers at the National Ignition Facility（NIF） had made a breakthrough in fusion（核聚变） energy，the same chemical process that powers the stars and our sun.They had succeeded in producing the first laboratory fusion reaction that produces more energy than it takes to cause the reaction.It made headlines around the world.
At extremely high temperatures and pressure，the atoms break into their components—nuclei（原子核） and electrons.This kind of positive nuclei and negative electrons is referred to as plasma（等离子体）.It is considered the fourth state of matter，the other three being solid，liquid and gas.Fusion is a process that takes place in the plasma state.The process of fusion produces a huge amount of energy which，in turn，causes further fusion reactions.
Our sun is incredibly efficient in producing fusion energy；its huge mass creates the pressure and temperatures needed to keep the reaction going.Earth can't recreate the high pressure and temperature conditions of the sun，so scientists must find techniques in laboratories to start the reaction.
The NIF experiment successfully proved that fusion isn't just a theoretical concept：we are able to create an cnergy source that is self﹣sustaining.Fusion also has the advantage﹣it does not cause radioactive waste.
However，despite billions of dollars of government funding put into fusion research，we are still decades away from fusion﹣produced electricity.Humans have produced fusion reactions in the past，with nuclear bombs.But in bombs，the energy is released too quickly.Scientists will need to figure out how to release energy in a controlled and consistent manner for regular use.
Even if we can overcome challenges in the development，will fusion be able to compete with solar and wind power for cost and availability？The future of fusion may not be clear at the moment，but it is truly brilliant for science and society to see the power of the sun come to life in a lab setting.
（1）What facts have we learned about the first laboratory fusion reaction？　 　
A.It was a big success.
B.It escaped public attention.
C.It produced less energy than expected.
D.It introduced the fourth state of matter.
（2）What is a big advantage of fusion energy？　 　
A.It depends on the sun.
B.It can be clean energy.
C.It is an unexpected energy source.
D.It works under normal conditions.
（3）What can be implied about producing fusion energy in paragraph 5？　 　
A.It faces some challenges now.
B.It isn't supported by governments.
C.It may cause very dangerous consequences.
D.It cannot compete with solar and wind power.
（4）Which statement would the author most likely agree with？　 　
A.The future of fusion is clear and bright.
B.Fusion energy will be the main energy one day.
C.The present achievements in fusion energy are remarkable.
D.The experimental techniques are essential to producing fusion energy.
2．（2025 汉中二模） McGill University researchers have discovered that changes in clouds are slightly relieving global warming.While greenhouse gases continue to cause temperatures to rise，a reduction in low﹣cloud cover over land has brought about a modest reduction of the amount of heat being trapped close to ground level.
"We started this research to observationally confirm the increase of greenhouse effect of the Earth atmosphere，"said Yi Huang，associate professor in McGill University's Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences."We indeed confirm that，although to our surprise we also found an offsetting（抵消的） effect due to changes in clouds."
"Without these cloud changes，the surface would warm even faster，"said Lei Liu，graduate student in McGill University's Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and the first author of this study."This work offers observational truth about how clouds affect warming，which can be used to improve climate models and guide environmental policies，"Liu added.
To discover this surprising effect，the team used the measurements of a key radiative instrument，the Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer（AERI），along with satellite data，climate models and a technique called"optimal spectral fingerprinting"co﹣designed by Yi Huang and Lei Liu to isolate the effects of clouds from other atmospheric processes.
The researchers focused on longwave radiation，the heat energy the Earth emits back into the atmosphere.Usually，clouds trap some of this heat and send it back to the ground.But as the climate warms，there are fewer low clouds in some areas，which means less heat is returned to the surface.
The Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences of the university looks to continue using their critical data for understanding regional climate dynamics and enhancing climate modelling.
"Our research emphasizes the value of precise，long﹣term climate observations，"said John Gyakum，a professor."This is essential for understanding the Earth's response to global warming and making informed decisions for future generations."
The researchers cautioned that their discovery does not throw doubt on global warming."It's like having a heater that adjusts itself a little，"the researchers explained."But even with this adjustment，the room is still heating up."
（1）What does the reduction in low﹣cloud cover over land lead to？ 　 　
A.An increase in global warming.
B.A significant rise in temperature.
C.A slight decrease of ground﹣level heat.
D.A complete stop in the greenhouse effect.
（2）According to Lei Liu，what can their findings apply to？ 　 　
A.Improving cloud coverage globally.
B.Lowering greenhouse gas emissions.
C.Forecasting short﹣term weather patterns.
D.Improving climate prediction models.
（3）Why did the researchers mention the heater？ 　 　
A.To caution the public.
B.To prove their discovery useful but little.
C.To praise their findings.
D.To emphasize its importance.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？ 　 　
A.The Role of Clouds in Relieving Global Warming
B.The Importance of Long﹣term Climate Observations
C.The Impact of Greenhouse Gases on Global Warming
D.The Accuracy of Climate Models in Predicting Warming
3．（2025 呼和浩特一模） Bebras Computing Competition （BCC）
BCC is a computing competition where each participant gets 45 minutes to answer 15 multiple﹣choice questions on computational and logical thinking.Students complete the challenge at school，and they can track how their computer science skills grow over time.
Eligibility（资格）requirements：Any teacher can sign their students up for the competition.
Prizes：Your teacher can print certificates with your level of achievement
Congressional App Challenge （CAC）
In this computer science competition，individual students or groups of up to four design an app.The app can be created using any programming language and platform，and it can be on any theme or topic.
Eligibility requirements：You must be a middle or high school student in a participating district.
Prizes：Winners will be invited to attend a reception on Capitol Hill and may be awarded additional sponsor prizes.
International Olympiad in Informatics （IOI）
Each country sends a group of four students，who compete individually，to the two﹣day international competition.American students must win the USACO competition （see below） to be chosen to participate.
Eligibility requirements：You must be secondary school students who win your national competition.
Prizes：IOI officially only gives medals to the winners.However，the real prize is being able to write down "IOI winner" when you apply to a college.
USA Computing Olympiad （USACO）
This well﹣known and well﹣regarded competition tests skills in areas such as programming problems that can be solved using various programming languages.Students compete in three online contests，plus a national "US Open" competition.From these results，the top 24 are invited to a training camp in the early summer.At the end of the camp，the top four participants are invited to attend IOI （see above）.
Eligibility requirements：You must be a middle school or high school student in the US.
Prizes：Top four participants will go on to compete at IOI.
（1）If participants want to compete as a team，which competition should they choose？　 　
A.BCC.
B.CAC.
C.IOI.
D.USACO.
（2）In which aspect is BCC different from the other three competitions？　 　
A.It is open to any student.
B.Participants can focus on any topic.
C.It's an online competition.
D.Participants must win the USACO competition.
（3）What prize can an IOI winner get？　 　
A.A job offer from a website.
B.A chance to compete at USACO.
C.An invitation to Capitol Hill.
D.An addition to the college application.
4．（2025 四川一模） The debate over birth order and personality traits（特性） has been ongoing for over a century.After decades of contested claims，a handful of recent studies found there was little evidence for meaningful differences.But in a study published last week，psychologists have pushed back and claim there is an effect after all.
In one of the largest studies ever conducted on birth order，family size and personality，Canadian researchers gathered data from more than 700，000 volunteers and found that on average，middle children scored higher than their siblings（兄弟姐妹） on traits seen as important for cooperation.
Scores for the same traits were also higher in families with more children，suggesting that people may be more likely to develop a cooperative personality when they are raised as part of a bigger group.
Michael Ashton，first author of the study，noted that individuals with more siblings were more likely to develop cooperative personalities."A commonsense possibility is that when one has more siblings，one must more frequently cooperate rather than act on selfish preferences.This ongoing situation might then promote the development of cooperative tendencies generally".
Researchers have guessed about the impact of birth order for more than a century.In 1874，the polymath Francis Galton，the youngest of nine siblings，gathered histories on a group of English scientists and found a large proportion were firstborns.He suspected the eldest received more attention from their parents，propelling them to greater intellectual heights.Decades later，the Austrian psychologist Alfred Adler claimed firstborns were often conscientious and responsible，while the youngest might become independent and creative as they looked for ways to stand out.
This new research lends some credence to Adler's view，showing that middle children may indeed be more cooperative due to the unique position they hold in the family dynamic.They are often required to balance the needs of both younger and older siblings，fostering skills like negotiation and compromise.
（1）What's the finding of the Canadian study？　 　
A.Siblings are born the same.
B.Middle children shine in cooperation.
C.Birth order has little impact on personality.
D.A large family contributes to sibling harmony.
（2）What are Michael Ashton's words aimed at？　 　
A.Offering an explanation.
B.Forecasting a global trend.
C.Presenting a new argument.
D.Defending his research finding.
（3）What does paragraph 5 of the text mainly focus on？　 　
A.Applications of the research finding.
B.Past theories the Canadian study builds on.
C.Previous studies on the impact of birth order.
D.Further explanations of the research methods.
（4）What does the underlined word"credence"in the last paragraph mean？　 　
A.Denial.
B.Pardon.
C.Confusion.
D.Acceptance.
二．信息匹配（共1小题）
5．（2025 呼和浩特一模） Often when my family travels to a natural place like a national park I say to my husband， "While we're there，I want to make sure we climb a thing." By setting this vague agenda，I mean I want to get out into nature and experience any "thing"，usually through a hike.（1）　 　
Hiking delivers on both mental and physical health.Emotionally，a hike challenges us to persevere and follow a path wherever it may lead.（2）　 　 And of course，being in natural spaces inspires us to feel awe，the sense that there are forces larger than us at work in the world.
（3）　 　 A walk down a gentle wooded path requires us to pay attention to where our feet are landing.To keep our balance when climbing past roots，stones and dips in the landscape，we need core and leg strength.It literally improves our overall health in ways from preventing back pain to keeping weight off.
Hiking is also a way to build cardiovascular （心血管的） health.A simple walk increases the rate of our breathing，which benefits our hearts and lungs.（4）　 　
The safest way to hike is with a friend or companion，in case one of you stumbles or needs a hand.（5）　 　 The National Park Service puts it this way： "Because hiking ranges in difficulty from an extremely challenging climb to a casual way of spending time outside，it's a great way to strengthen the friendships or bonds you have with your companions." When the outdoors is the safest place to gather with loved ones，why not combine your social connections with physical activity and hit the trail together？
A.How can you hike in a healthy way？
B.Hiking contributes to strength and balance.
C.In addition to being fun and exciting，hiking is healthy.
D.Hiking is best enjoyed in solitude for peaceful reflection.
E.It engages our brains in map﹣reading and trail﹣following.
F.But beyond basic safety，hiking is a way to build relational health.
G.Hiking on a trail that has some ups and downs increases this effect.
三．语法填空（共1小题）
6．（2025 咸阳二模） The Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival is an annual winter gala held in Harbin.The festival（1）　 　 （consider√ as the largest ice and snow festival in the world because of its large﹣scale ice and snow sculptures，long slides （2）　 　 （entire） made of ice and snow，and numerous other recreational facilities.
There are three major highlights at this festival：the Harbin Ice Lantern Art Fair，listed as（3）　 　 intangible cultural heritage with a long history in the city，Harbin Ice and Snow World，the world's largest ice and snow theme park，（4）　 　 the Harbin Sun Island Snow Sculpture Art Expo，（5）　 　 features the world's largest collection of snow sculptures.
Harbin Ice and Snow World is a seasonal theme park.This park is a unique blend of art and engineering.Every winter，（6）　 　 （construct workers use swing saws to carve ice into blocks from the frozen surface of the nearby Songhua River.Then sculptors from China and overseas have just 15 days to carve the ice into sculptures.Lights are also used （7）　 　 （give） color to ice，（8）　 　 （create） spectacular scenery when lit up at night.
Apart from the ice sculptures，recreational activities also attract tourists to the festival.The park's "Super Slide"（9）　 　 （promote） in recent years，offering an even more thrilling ride experience.A giant snowflake﹣themed Ferris wheel offers visitors a good position to view the exhibits and take （10）　 　 （photo）of the entire park.
四．完形填空（共1小题）
7．（2025 石嘴山二模）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Clement Sprout moved to Upstate New York from South Africa.He grew up in Cape Town，where neighbors were （1）　 　 ，sharing food and laughter.These （2）　 　 stayed with him when he moved to the U.S.where he met his wife，Sarah.They eventually （3）　 　 in Upstate New York，dreaming of a close﹣knit neighborhood.
In 2020，Clement and Sarah bought a house on Whitney Drive. （4）　 　 the street was full of families，and yards connected with one another，there was a distinct sense of distance among the neighbors，as if a（n） （5）　 　 wall had separated them.Inspired by a book on building strong neighborhoods，Clement decided to （6）　 　 a welcome party for the neighbors.
A month after moving in，Clement made full preparations for the party.He hoped neighbors would （7）　 　 ，but as the minutes ticked by，he felt （8）　 　 .What if no one came？When he was on the point of giving up，his daughters，Olivia and Holly （9）　 　 him in waiting for guests.
At 6：10 p.m.，a couple pushing a baby carriage （10）　 　 .Clement's heart lifted. （11）　 　 ，more neighbors followed.By the end of the evening，twenty people came.The （12）　 　 was filled with warmth and connection.Clement realized that everyone had been longing for this kind of （13）　 　 .
The party was a （14）　 　 ，and Clement started a Facebook group to organize future gatherings.Clement learned that a community is not a （15）　 　 place，but somewhere where people are willing to take the first step and love their neighbors.
（1） A.optimistic B.warmhearted C.coldhearted D.pessimistic
（2） A.memories B.challenges C.stories D.duties
（3） A.equipped B.furnished C.fixed D.settled
（4） A.As B.If C.Since D.Although
（5） A.unreliable B.special C.invisible D.meaningful
（6） A.indicate B.host C.celebrate D.attend
（7） A.leave behind B.pick up C.drop by D.come across
（8） A.anxious B.proud C.excited D.relieved
（9） A.arranged B.generated C.assisted D.joined
（10） A.instructed B.approached C.transformed D.supported
（11） A.Surprisingly B.Obviously C.Eventually D.Hopefully
（12） A.atmosphere B.decoration C.treat D.experience
（13） A.participation B.trend C.application D.community
（14） A.celebration B.success C.desire D.chance
（15） A.typical B.identical C.physical D.mental
五．短文改错（共1小题）
8．（2024 大通县二模）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
There is a extremely annoying phenomenon that many students litter in our school.Not only it bad for our health but it also makes our school more and less beautiful.Therefore，our school is going to hold an activity themed "Stop Littering in Our School".The activity will surely leave an unforgettably impression on those who take part on it.In the activity，we will first to walk around the school to see however serious the littering problem is.After that，we will be divided into groups to pick up rubbishes.Through this activity，we are expected to realize the importance of protect the living environment in our school but stop littering in our school.
六．书面表达（共1小题）
9．（2025 泸州模拟） 假定你是校学生会主席，英国友好学校的学生即将结束在你校为期一周的文化交流活动，请你写一篇英语欢送词，内容包括：
（1）回顾活动；
（2）表达愿望。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
Dear Friends，
______________________________________
Thank you
2025届高考英语模拟预测卷（全国甲卷）
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共4小题）
1．（2025 达州二模） Last December，researchers at the National Ignition Facility（NIF） had made a breakthrough in fusion（核聚变） energy，the same chemical process that powers the stars and our sun.They had succeeded in producing the first laboratory fusion reaction that produces more energy than it takes to cause the reaction.It made headlines around the world.
At extremely high temperatures and pressure，the atoms break into their components—nuclei（原子核） and electrons.This kind of positive nuclei and negative electrons is referred to as plasma（等离子体）.It is considered the fourth state of matter，the other three being solid，liquid and gas.Fusion is a process that takes place in the plasma state.The process of fusion produces a huge amount of energy which，in turn，causes further fusion reactions.
Our sun is incredibly efficient in producing fusion energy；its huge mass creates the pressure and temperatures needed to keep the reaction going.Earth can't recreate the high pressure and temperature conditions of the sun，so scientists must find techniques in laboratories to start the reaction.
The NIF experiment successfully proved that fusion isn't just a theoretical concept：we are able to create an cnergy source that is self﹣sustaining.Fusion also has the advantage﹣it does not cause radioactive waste.
However，despite billions of dollars of government funding put into fusion research，we are still decades away from fusion﹣produced electricity.Humans have produced fusion reactions in the past，with nuclear bombs.But in bombs，the energy is released too quickly.Scientists will need to figure out how to release energy in a controlled and consistent manner for regular use.
Even if we can overcome challenges in the development，will fusion be able to compete with solar and wind power for cost and availability？The future of fusion may not be clear at the moment，but it is truly brilliant for science and society to see the power of the sun come to life in a lab setting.
（1）What facts have we learned about the first laboratory fusion reaction？　A　
A.It was a big success.
B.It escaped public attention.
C.It produced less energy than expected.
D.It introduced the fourth state of matter.
（2）What is a big advantage of fusion energy？　B　
A.It depends on the sun.
B.It can be clean energy.
C.It is an unexpected energy source.
D.It works under normal conditions.
（3）What can be implied about producing fusion energy in paragraph 5？　A　
A.It faces some challenges now.
B.It isn't supported by governments.
C.It may cause very dangerous consequences.
D.It cannot compete with solar and wind power.
（4）Which statement would the author most likely agree with？　C　
A.The future of fusion is clear and bright.
B.Fusion energy will be the main energy one day.
C.The present achievements in fusion energy are remarkable.
D.The experimental techniques are essential to producing fusion energy.
【答案】ABAC
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，去年12月，美国国家点火装置（NIF）的研究人员在核聚变能源领域取得突破，首次实现实验室内产出能量大于输入能量的核聚变反应。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Last December，researchers at the National Ignition Facility（NIF） had made a breakthrough in fusion energy...They had succeeded in producing the first laboratory fusion reaction that produces more energy than it takes to cause the reaction.It made headlines around the world.（去年12月，美国国家点火装置（NIF）的研究人员在核聚变能源方面取得了突破……他们成功地进行了第一次实验室核聚变反应，产生的能量比引发反应所需的能量更多。这一消息登上了世界各地的头条新闻。）可知，第一次实验室核聚变反应取得了显著的成功，因为它不仅实现了核聚变，而且产生的能量还超过了引发反应所需的能量，这一成就引起了全球的广泛关注。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Fusion also has the advantage ﹣ it does not cause radioactive waste.（核聚变还有一个优势——它不会产生放射性废物。）可知，核聚变能源的主要优势在于其清洁性，即它不会产生对环境有害的放射性废物。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段However，despite billions of dollars of government funding put into fusion research，we are still decades away from fusion﹣produced electricity...Scientists will need to figure out how to release energy in a controlled and consistent manner for regular use.（然而，尽管政府在核聚变研究上投入了数十亿美元，但我们距离利用核聚变发电还有几十年的时间……科学家需要解决如何以可控和一致的方式释放能量以供常规使用的问题。）可知，生产核聚变能源目前面临诸多挑战，特别是在如何控制能量的稳定释放方面。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段The future of fusion may not be clear at the moment，but it is truly brilliant for science and society to see the power of the sun come to life in a lab setting.（核聚变的未来目前可能还不明朗，但在实验室环境中看到太阳的力量焕发生机，对科学和社会来说确实是辉煌的成就。）可知，尽管核聚变的未来尚不确定，但作者认为目前在实验室环境中取得的核聚变成就已经是科学和社会的一大辉煌成就，这表明作者对当前核聚变能源的研究进展持积极评价。故选C。
【点评】近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
2．（2025 汉中二模） McGill University researchers have discovered that changes in clouds are slightly relieving global warming.While greenhouse gases continue to cause temperatures to rise，a reduction in low﹣cloud cover over land has brought about a modest reduction of the amount of heat being trapped close to ground level.
"We started this research to observationally confirm the increase of greenhouse effect of the Earth atmosphere，"said Yi Huang，associate professor in McGill University's Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences."We indeed confirm that，although to our surprise we also found an offsetting（抵消的） effect due to changes in clouds."
"Without these cloud changes，the surface would warm even faster，"said Lei Liu，graduate student in McGill University's Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and the first author of this study."This work offers observational truth about how clouds affect warming，which can be used to improve climate models and guide environmental policies，"Liu added.
To discover this surprising effect，the team used the measurements of a key radiative instrument，the Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer（AERI），along with satellite data，climate models and a technique called"optimal spectral fingerprinting"co﹣designed by Yi Huang and Lei Liu to isolate the effects of clouds from other atmospheric processes.
The researchers focused on longwave radiation，the heat energy the Earth emits back into the atmosphere.Usually，clouds trap some of this heat and send it back to the ground.But as the climate warms，there are fewer low clouds in some areas，which means less heat is returned to the surface.
The Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences of the university looks to continue using their critical data for understanding regional climate dynamics and enhancing climate modelling.
"Our research emphasizes the value of precise，long﹣term climate observations，"said John Gyakum，a professor."This is essential for understanding the Earth's response to global warming and making informed decisions for future generations."
The researchers cautioned that their discovery does not throw doubt on global warming."It's like having a heater that adjusts itself a little，"the researchers explained."But even with this adjustment，the room is still heating up."
（1）What does the reduction in low﹣cloud cover over land lead to？ 　C　
A.An increase in global warming.
B.A significant rise in temperature.
C.A slight decrease of ground﹣level heat.
D.A complete stop in the greenhouse effect.
（2）According to Lei Liu，what can their findings apply to？ 　D　
A.Improving cloud coverage globally.
B.Lowering greenhouse gas emissions.
C.Forecasting short﹣term weather patterns.
D.Improving climate prediction models.
（3）Why did the researchers mention the heater？ 　B　
A.To caution the public.
B.To prove their discovery useful but little.
C.To praise their findings.
D.To emphasize its importance.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？ 　A　
A.The Role of Clouds in Relieving Global Warming
B.The Importance of Long﹣term Climate Observations
C.The Impact of Greenhouse Gases on Global Warming
D.The Accuracy of Climate Models in Predicting Warming
【答案】CDBA
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，云层的变化略微减缓了全球变暖。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第二句While greenhouse gases continue to cause temperatures to rise，a reduction in low﹣cloud cover over land has brought about a modest reduction of the amount of heat being trapped close to ground level.（虽然温室气体继续导致气温上升，但陆地低云覆盖的减少使接近地面的热量略有减少。）可知，当温室气体持续导致气温上升，陆地上空的低云量的减少使被困在地面附近的热量略有减少。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句"This work offers observational truth about how clouds affect warming，which can be used to improve climate models and guide environmental policies，"Liu added.（刘补充道："这项工作提供了关于云如何影响变暖的观测真相，可用于改进气候模型和指导环境政策。"）可知Lei Liu认为他们的研究发现可以用于改进气候预测模式。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段The researchers cautioned that their discovery does not throw doubt on global warming."It's like having a heater that adjusts itself a little，"the researchers explained."But even with this adjustment，the room is still heating up."（研究人员警告说，他们的发现并没有对全球变暖产生怀疑。研究人员解释说："这就像有一个可以自我调节的加热器。但即使进行了这种调整，房间仍在升温。"）可知，研究人员提及恒温器是为了证明该段第一句提出的观点：他们的发现并不会对全球变暖的真实性产生影响。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。文章主要内容：研究人员发现，云层的变化略微减缓了全球变暖。所以"A.The Role of Clouds in Relieving Global Warming云在缓解全球变暖方面的作用"为最佳标题。故选A。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
3．（2025 呼和浩特一模） Bebras Computing Competition （BCC）
BCC is a computing competition where each participant gets 45 minutes to answer 15 multiple﹣choice questions on computational and logical thinking.Students complete the challenge at school，and they can track how their computer science skills grow over time.
Eligibility（资格）requirements：Any teacher can sign their students up for the competition.
Prizes：Your teacher can print certificates with your level of achievement
Congressional App Challenge （CAC）
In this computer science competition，individual students or groups of up to four design an app.The app can be created using any programming language and platform，and it can be on any theme or topic.
Eligibility requirements：You must be a middle or high school student in a participating district.
Prizes：Winners will be invited to attend a reception on Capitol Hill and may be awarded additional sponsor prizes.
International Olympiad in Informatics （IOI）
Each country sends a group of four students，who compete individually，to the two﹣day international competition.American students must win the USACO competition （see below） to be chosen to participate.
Eligibility requirements：You must be secondary school students who win your national competition.
Prizes：IOI officially only gives medals to the winners.However，the real prize is being able to write down "IOI winner" when you apply to a college.
USA Computing Olympiad （USACO）
This well﹣known and well﹣regarded competition tests skills in areas such as programming problems that can be solved using various programming languages.Students compete in three online contests，plus a national "US Open" competition.From these results，the top 24 are invited to a training camp in the early summer.At the end of the camp，the top four participants are invited to attend IOI （see above）.
Eligibility requirements：You must be a middle school or high school student in the US.
Prizes：Top four participants will go on to compete at IOI.
（1）If participants want to compete as a team，which competition should they choose？　B　
A.BCC.
B.CAC.
C.IOI.
D.USACO.
（2）In which aspect is BCC different from the other three competitions？　A　
A.It is open to any student.
B.Participants can focus on any topic.
C.It's an online competition.
D.Participants must win the USACO competition.
（3）What prize can an IOI winner get？　D　
A.A job offer from a website.
B.A chance to compete at USACO.
C.An invitation to Capitol Hill.
D.An addition to the college application.
【答案】BAD
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍四项适合学生的计算机科学竞赛，包括竞赛形式、资格要求和奖品等相关信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Congressional App Challenge （CAC）部分的In this computer science competition，individual students or groups of up to four design an app. （在这场计算机科学竞赛中，学生个人或最多四人一组设计一个应用程序。）可知，如果学生想以团队形式参赛应选择CAC。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Bebras Computing Competition （BCC）部分中的Any teacher can sign their students up for the competition. （任何老师都可以为学生报名参加比赛。）可知，BCC在参赛资格上与其他三个竞赛不同，它对任何学生开放。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据International Olympiad in Informatics （IOI）部分的However，the real prize is being able to write down "IOI winner" when you apply to a college. （然而，真正的奖励是当你申请一所大学时，能够写下"IOI获奖者"。）可知，IOI获奖者可以在大学申请增添亮点，故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4．（2025 四川一模） The debate over birth order and personality traits（特性） has been ongoing for over a century.After decades of contested claims，a handful of recent studies found there was little evidence for meaningful differences.But in a study published last week，psychologists have pushed back and claim there is an effect after all.
In one of the largest studies ever conducted on birth order，family size and personality，Canadian researchers gathered data from more than 700，000 volunteers and found that on average，middle children scored higher than their siblings（兄弟姐妹） on traits seen as important for cooperation.
Scores for the same traits were also higher in families with more children，suggesting that people may be more likely to develop a cooperative personality when they are raised as part of a bigger group.
Michael Ashton，first author of the study，noted that individuals with more siblings were more likely to develop cooperative personalities."A commonsense possibility is that when one has more siblings，one must more frequently cooperate rather than act on selfish preferences.This ongoing situation might then promote the development of cooperative tendencies generally".
Researchers have guessed about the impact of birth order for more than a century.In 1874，the polymath Francis Galton，the youngest of nine siblings，gathered histories on a group of English scientists and found a large proportion were firstborns.He suspected the eldest received more attention from their parents，propelling them to greater intellectual heights.Decades later，the Austrian psychologist Alfred Adler claimed firstborns were often conscientious and responsible，while the youngest might become independent and creative as they looked for ways to stand out.
This new research lends some credence to Adler's view，showing that middle children may indeed be more cooperative due to the unique position they hold in the family dynamic.They are often required to balance the needs of both younger and older siblings，fostering skills like negotiation and compromise.
（1）What's the finding of the Canadian study？　B　
A.Siblings are born the same.
B.Middle children shine in cooperation.
C.Birth order has little impact on personality.
D.A large family contributes to sibling harmony.
（2）What are Michael Ashton's words aimed at？　A　
A.Offering an explanation.
B.Forecasting a global trend.
C.Presenting a new argument.
D.Defending his research finding.
（3）What does paragraph 5 of the text mainly focus on？　C　
A.Applications of the research finding.
B.Past theories the Canadian study builds on.
C.Previous studies on the impact of birth order.
D.Further explanations of the research methods.
（4）What does the underlined word"credence"in the last paragraph mean？　D　
A.Denial.
B.Pardon.
C.Confusion.
D.Acceptance.
【答案】BACD
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了关于出生顺序对性格影响的新研究及相关观点。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段In one of the largest studies ever conducted on birth order，family size and personality，Canadian researchers gathered data from more than 700，000 volunteers and found that on average，middle children scored higher than their siblings （兄弟姐妹） on traits seen as important for cooperation.（在有史以来针对出生顺序、家庭规模和性格所开展的最大规模研究之一中，加拿大研究人员从 70 多万名志愿者那里收集了数据，并发现，平均而言，排行中间的孩子在对合作而言被视为重要的性格特质方面得分高于他们的兄弟姐妹）"可知，加拿大研究人员发现，平均而言，排行中间的孩子在对合作很重要的特质方面得分高于他们的兄弟姐妹，即中间的孩子在合作方面表现突出。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Michael Ashton，first author of the study，noted that individuals with more siblings were more likely to develop cooperative personalities. "A commonsense possibility is that when one has more siblings，one must more frequently cooperate rather than act on selfish preferences.This ongoing situation might then promote the development of cooperative tendencies generally".（这项研究的第一作者迈克尔 阿什顿指出，兄弟姐妹较多的人更有可能培养出合作型的性格。"一个合乎常理的可能性是，当一个人的兄弟姐妹较多时，他就必须更频繁地进行合作，而不是按照自私的喜好行事。这种持续存在的情况可能进而会普遍促进合作倾向的发展。"）"可知，Michael Ashton 指出有更多兄弟姐妹的人更有可能发展出合作的个性，后面的话是对这一观点进行的一种解释，说明为什么有更多兄弟姐妹的人会更具合作性。所以他的话旨在给出一种解释。故选A。
（3）段落大意题。根据第五段的Researchers have guessed about the impact of birth order for more than a century.（一个多世纪以来，研究人员一直都在猜测出生顺序所带来的影响）以及后面提到的Francis Galton和Alfred Adler的研究可知，本段主要聚焦于过去关于出生顺序影响的研究。故选C。
（4）词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在的句子"showing that middle children may indeed be more cooperative due to the unique position they hold in the family dynamic.（显示出由于中间子女在家庭动态中所处的独特地位，他们可能确实更具合作精神）"可知，新的研究表明中间的孩子确实可能因为他们在家庭动态中所处的独特位置而更具合作性，这说明新研究是支持Adler的观点的，所以 credence意思应该是"认可，接受"。A.Denial否认；B.Pardon请原谅；C.Confusion困惑；D.Acceptance接受。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
二．信息匹配（共1小题）
5．（2025 呼和浩特一模） Often when my family travels to a natural place like a national park I say to my husband， "While we're there，I want to make sure we climb a thing." By setting this vague agenda，I mean I want to get out into nature and experience any "thing"，usually through a hike.（1）　C　
Hiking delivers on both mental and physical health.Emotionally，a hike challenges us to persevere and follow a path wherever it may lead.（2）　E　 And of course，being in natural spaces inspires us to feel awe，the sense that there are forces larger than us at work in the world.
（3）　B　 A walk down a gentle wooded path requires us to pay attention to where our feet are landing.To keep our balance when climbing past roots，stones and dips in the landscape，we need core and leg strength.It literally improves our overall health in ways from preventing back pain to keeping weight off.
Hiking is also a way to build cardiovascular （心血管的） health.A simple walk increases the rate of our breathing，which benefits our hearts and lungs.（4）　G　
The safest way to hike is with a friend or companion，in case one of you stumbles or needs a hand.（5）　F　 The National Park Service puts it this way： "Because hiking ranges in difficulty from an extremely challenging climb to a casual way of spending time outside，it's a great way to strengthen the friendships or bonds you have with your companions." When the outdoors is the safest place to gather with loved ones，why not combine your social connections with physical activity and hit the trail together？
A.How can you hike in a healthy way？
B.Hiking contributes to strength and balance.
C.In addition to being fun and exciting，hiking is healthy.
D.Hiking is best enjoyed in solitude for peaceful reflection.
E.It engages our brains in map﹣reading and trail﹣following.
F.But beyond basic safety，hiking is a way to build relational health.
G.Hiking on a trail that has some ups and downs increases this effect.
【答案】CEBGF
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了徒步旅行对健康的好处。
【解答】（1）语境衔接题。根据上文Often when my family travels to a natural place like a national park I say to my husband， "While we're there，I want to make sure we climb a thing." By setting this vague agenda，I mean I want to get out into nature and experience any "thing"，usually through a hike. （通常，当我的家人去国家公园这样的自然景点旅行时，我都会对我丈夫说："当我们在那里的时候，我想确保我们能爬点东西。"通过设定这个模糊的议程，我的意思是我想进入大自然，体验任何"东西"，通常是通过徒步旅行）和下文Hiking delivers on both mental and physical health.（徒步旅行对身心健康都有好处）可知，上文说想要通过徒步体验自然，下文阐述徒步对身心健康的好处，所以C.In addition to being fun and exciting，hiking is healthy.（除了有趣和令人兴奋之外，徒步旅行还有益于健康。）能起到承上启下的作用，符合题意，故选C。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文Emotionally，a hike challenges us to persevere and follow a path wherever it may lead. （从情感上来说，徒步旅行挑战我们坚持并沿着一条路走下去，无论它通向哪里）可知，徒步在情感上影响着我们。E.It engages our brains in map﹣reading and trail﹣following.（它让我们的大脑参与到看地图和沿着小径行走中。）进一步说明徒步旅行在情感和脑力方面对我们的影响，与前文衔接紧密，故选E。
（3）段落大意题。根据下文A walk down a gentle wooded path requires us to pay attention to where our feet are landing.To keep our balance when climbing past roots，stones and dips in the landscape，we need core and leg strength. （沿着一条平缓的林木繁茂的小路行走需要我们注意脚落在哪里。当爬过树根、石头和地形的凹陷处时，为了保持平衡，我们需要核心力量和腿部力量。）可知，本段主要讲述了徒步对力量和平衡的作用，B.Hiking contributes to strength and balance.（徒步有助于增强力量和平衡能力。）符合段落主旨，故选B。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文A simple walk increases the rate of our breathing，which benefits our hearts and lungs. （一次简单的散步会增加我们的呼吸频率，这对我们的心脏和肺部有益）可知，G.Hiking on a trail that has some ups and downs increases this effect.（在有起伏的小径上徒步会增强这种效果。）中的"this effect"指代前文呼吸频率增加对心肺有益的效果，进一步说明不同类型徒步的好处，符合语境，故选G。
（5）语境衔接题。根据上文The safest way to hike is with a friend or companion，in case one of you stumbles or needs a hand. （徒步旅行最安全的方式是和朋友或同伴一起，以防你们中的一个人绊倒或需要帮助）和下文The National Park Service puts it this way： 'Because hiking ranges in difficulty from an extremely challenging climb to a casual way of spending time outside，it's a great way to strengthen the friendships or bonds you have with your companions.' （国家公园管理局是这样说的："因为徒步旅行的难度从极具挑战性的攀登到一种休闲的户外活动方式不等，它是加强你与同伴之间的友谊或联系的好方法。" ）可知，F.But beyond basic safety，hiking is a way to build relational health.（但除了基本的安全之外，徒步旅行是一种建立人际关系健康的方式。）能够承上启下，既提到安全又引出下文关于徒步对人际关系的作用，符合语境，故选F。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
三．语法填空（共1小题）
6．（2025 咸阳二模） The Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival is an annual winter gala held in Harbin.The festival（1）　is considered　 （consider√ as the largest ice and snow festival in the world because of its large﹣scale ice and snow sculptures，long slides （2）　entirely　 （entire） made of ice and snow，and numerous other recreational facilities.
There are three major highlights at this festival：the Harbin Ice Lantern Art Fair，listed as（3）　an　 intangible cultural heritage with a long history in the city，Harbin Ice and Snow World，the world's largest ice and snow theme park，（4）　and　 the Harbin Sun Island Snow Sculpture Art Expo，（5）　which　 features the world's largest collection of snow sculptures.
Harbin Ice and Snow World is a seasonal theme park.This park is a unique blend of art and engineering.Every winter，（6）　construction　 （construct workers use swing saws to carve ice into blocks from the frozen surface of the nearby Songhua River.Then sculptors from China and overseas have just 15 days to carve the ice into sculptures.Lights are also used （7）　to give　 （give） color to ice，（8）　creating　 （create） spectacular scenery when lit up at night.
Apart from the ice sculptures，recreational activities also attract tourists to the festival.The park's "Super Slide"（9）　has been promoted　 （promote） in recent years，offering an even more thrilling ride experience.A giant snowflake﹣themed Ferris wheel offers visitors a good position to view the exhibits and take （10）　photos　 （photo）of the entire park.
【答案】（1）is considered（2）entirely（3）an（4）and（5）which（6）construction（7）to give（8）creating（9）has been promoted（10）photos
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章细介绍了哈尔滨国际冰雪节的相关信息，包括其作为世界最大冰雪节的地位、节日的三大亮点、哈尔滨冰雪大世界的特色与制作过程，以及节日中的娱乐活动等。
【解答】（1）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这个节日被认为是世界上规模最大的冰雪节，因为它有着大规模的冰雪雕塑、完全由冰雪建造而成的长滑梯，以及众多其他的娱乐设施。空处为本句谓语动词，主语the festival是单数，和动词consider之间为被动关系，根据上文可知，要用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故填is considered。
（2）考查副词。句意：这个节日被认为是世界上规模最大的冰雪节，因为它有着大规模的冰雪雕塑、完全由冰雪建造而成的长滑梯，以及众多其他的娱乐设施。修饰动词made用副词形式entirely，意为"完全地"。故填entirely。
（3）考查不定冠词。句意：这个节日有三大亮点：哈尔滨冰灯艺术游园会，它被列为这座城市中一项有着悠久历史的非物质文化遗产；哈尔滨冰雪大世界，这是世界上最大的冰雪主题公园；还有哈尔滨太阳岛雪雕艺术博览会，这里汇聚了世界上数量最多的雪雕作品。修饰可数名词单数heritage ，表示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词intangible为元音音素开头，用冠词an。故填an。
（4）考查连词。句意：这个节日有三大亮点：哈尔滨冰灯艺术游园会，它被列为这座城市中一项有着悠久历史的非物质文化遗产；哈尔滨冰雪大世界，这是世界上最大的冰雪主题公园；还有哈尔滨太阳岛雪雕艺术博览会，这里汇聚了世界上数量最多的雪雕作品。the Harbin Ice Lantern Art Fair"、"Harbin Ice and Snow World和the Harbin Sun Island Snow Sculpture Art Expo之间为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。
（5）考查定语从句。句意：这个节日有三大亮点：哈尔滨冰灯艺术游园会，它被列为这座城市中一项有着悠久历史的非物质文化遗产；哈尔滨冰雪大世界，这是世界上最大的冰雪主题公园；还有哈尔滨太阳岛雪雕艺术博览会，这里汇聚了世界上数量最多的雪雕作品。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词the Harbin Sun Island Snow Sculpture Art Expo在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
（6）考查名词。句意：每年冬天，建筑工人会使用摆锯从附近松花江的冰封江面上切割冰块。空处为名词形式修饰名词，construction workers意为"建筑工人"，是名词短语。故填construction。
（7）考查动词不定式。句意：灯光也被用来为冰赋予色彩，到了夜晚灯光亮起时，便营造出壮观的景象。空处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to give。
（8）考查现在分词。句意：灯光也被用来为冰赋予色彩，到了夜晚灯光亮起时，便营造出壮观的景象。空处为非谓语动词作结果状语，表示主句所产生的自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填creating。
（9）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，公园的"超级滑梯"得到了推广，为游客提供了更加惊险刺激的滑行体验。空处为本句谓语动词，主语The park's "Super Slide"是单数，和动词promote之间为被动关系，根据时间状语in recent years可知，要用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been promoted。
（10）考查可数名词复数。句意：一个巨大的雪花主题摩天轮为游客提供了一个绝佳的观赏位置，让他们可以欣赏展品，并拍摄整个公园的照片。空处为名词形式作宾语，根据句意可知，空处为名词的复数形式，take photos意为"拍照"，是动词短语。故填photos。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
四．完形填空（共1小题）
7．（2025 石嘴山二模）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Clement Sprout moved to Upstate New York from South Africa.He grew up in Cape Town，where neighbors were （1）　B　 ，sharing food and laughter.These （2）　A　 stayed with him when he moved to the U.S.where he met his wife，Sarah.They eventually （3）　D　 in Upstate New York，dreaming of a close﹣knit neighborhood.
In 2020，Clement and Sarah bought a house on Whitney Drive. （4）　D　 the street was full of families，and yards connected with one another，there was a distinct sense of distance among the neighbors，as if a（n） （5）　C　 wall had separated them.Inspired by a book on building strong neighborhoods，Clement decided to （6）　B　 a welcome party for the neighbors.
A month after moving in，Clement made full preparations for the party.He hoped neighbors would （7）　C　 ，but as the minutes ticked by，he felt （8）　A　 .What if no one came？When he was on the point of giving up，his daughters，Olivia and Holly （9）　D　 him in waiting for guests.
At 6：10 p.m.，a couple pushing a baby carriage （10）　B　 .Clement's heart lifted. （11）　A　 ，more neighbors followed.By the end of the evening，twenty people came.The （12）　A　 was filled with warmth and connection.Clement realized that everyone had been longing for this kind of （13）　D　 .
The party was a （14）　B　 ，and Clement started a Facebook group to organize future gatherings.Clement learned that a community is not a （15）　C　 place，but somewhere where people are willing to take the first step and love their neighbors.
（1） A.optimistic B.warmhearted C.coldhearted D.pessimistic
（2） A.memories B.challenges C.stories D.duties
（3） A.equipped B.furnished C.fixed D.settled
（4） A.As B.If C.Since D.Although
（5） A.unreliable B.special C.invisible D.meaningful
（6） A.indicate B.host C.celebrate D.attend
（7） A.leave behind B.pick up C.drop by D.come across
（8） A.anxious B.proud C.excited D.relieved
（9） A.arranged B.generated C.assisted D.joined
（10） A.instructed B.approached C.transformed D.supported
（11） A.Surprisingly B.Obviously C.Eventually D.Hopefully
（12） A.atmosphere B.decoration C.treat D.experience
（13） A.participation B.trend C.application D.community
（14） A.celebration B.success C.desire D.chance
（15） A.typical B.identical C.physical D.mental
【答案】（1）﹣（5）BADDC （6）﹣（10）BCADB （11）﹣（15）AADBC
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Clement Sprout从南非搬到美国后，如何通过举办邻里聚会来建立紧密社区关系的温暖故事。
【解答】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.optimistic乐观的；B.warmhearted热心的；C.coldhearted冷酷的；D.pessimistic悲观的。句意：他在开普敦长大，那里的邻居都很热心，分享食物和欢笑。根据下文"sharing food and laughter"可知，邻居分享食物和欢笑，说明很热心。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.memories记忆；B.challenges挑战；C.stories故事；D.duties职责。句意：当他搬到美国遇到他的妻子莎拉时，这些记忆一直伴随着他。根据下文"stayed with him when he moved to the U.S."可知，这些在开普敦的经历成为了他的记忆，一直伴随着他。故选A。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.equipped装备；B.furnished布置家具；C.fixed修理；D.settled定居。句意：他们最终在纽约北部定居，梦想着一个紧密相连的社区。根据下文"in Upstate New York，dreaming of a close﹣knit neighborhood"可知，他们在纽约北部定居。故选D。
（4）考查连词及语境理解。A.As因为；B.If如果；C.Since自从；D.Although尽管。句意：尽管这条街上到处都是家庭，院子彼此相连，但邻居们之间却有一种明显的距离感，好像有一堵无形的墙把他们隔开了。引导让步状语从句，表示"尽管"应用although。故选D。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.unreliable不可靠的；B.special特别的；C.invisible看不见的，无形的；D.meaningful有意义的。句意：尽管这条街上到处都是家庭，院子彼此相连，但邻居们之间却有一种明显的距离感，好像有一堵无形的墙把他们隔开了。根据上文"there was a distinct sense of distance among the neighbors"可知，邻居有距离感，好像有一堵看不见的墙把他们隔开了。故选C。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.indicate表明；B.host主办；C.celebrate庆祝；D.attend参加。句意：受一本关于建设强大社区的书籍的启发，克莱门特决定为邻居们举办一个欢迎会。根据下文"a welcome party for the neighbors"可知，指为邻居举办一个欢迎会，应用host。故选B。
（7）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.leave behind留下；B.pick up捡起；C.drop by顺便拜访；D.come across偶遇。句意：他希望邻居们能顺便过来，但随着时间的一分一秒过去，他感到焦虑。根据上文"Clement decided to（6） a welcome party for the neighbors."可知，克莱门特决定为邻居举办欢迎会，自然是希望邻居能来顺便拜访。故选C。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.anxious焦虑的；B.proud骄傲的；C.excited兴奋的；D.relieved放心的。句意：他希望邻居们能顺便过来，但随着时间的一分一秒过去，他感到焦虑。根据下文"What if no one came？"可知，克莱门特担心没人来，所以感到焦虑。故选A。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.arranged安排；B.generated产生；C.assisted帮助；D.joined加入。句意：当他正要放弃的时候，他的女儿奥利维亚和霍莉和他一起等客人。根据下文"him in waiting for guests"指女儿和他一起等客人，应用join sb.in doing sth.表示"和某人一起做某事"。故选D。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.instructed指导；B.approached靠近，走近；C.transformed转变；D.supported支持。句意：下午6点10分，一对夫妇推着一辆婴儿车走了过来。根据上文"At 6：10 p.m.，a couple pushing a baby carriage"及下文"more neighbors followed"可知，这里指一对夫妇推着一辆婴儿车靠近（走来）。故选B。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.Surprisingly令人惊讶地；B.Obviously显然；C.Eventually最终；D.Hopefully希望地。句意：令人惊讶的是，更多的邻居也跟着来了。根据上文"What if no one came？"及下文"more neighbors followed"可知，一开始担心没人来，后来陆续有邻居来，这让克莱门特感到惊讶。故选A。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.atmosphere气氛；B.decoration装饰；C.treat款待；D.experience经历。句意：气氛充满了温暖和联系。根据下文"was filled with warmth and connection"可知，这里说的是派对的气氛。故选A。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.participation参与；B.trend趋势；C.application申请；D.community社区。句意：克莱门特意识到，每个人都渴望这样的社区。呼应上文"dreaming of a close﹣knit neighborhood"，这里指克莱门特意识到，每个人都渴望这样的社区。故选D。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.celebration庆祝；B.success成功；C.desire渴望；D.chance机会。句意：聚会很成功，克莱门特创建了一个Facebook群组，组织未来的聚会。根据下文"Clement started a Facebook group to organize future gatherings"可知，克莱门特创建了Facebook群组来组织未来的聚会，说明这次聚会很成功。故选B。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.typical典型的；B.identical同一的；C.physical物理的；D.mental精神的。句意：克莱门特了解到，社区不是一个物理空间，而是人们愿意迈出第一步，爱他们的邻居的地方。根据下文"but somewhere where people are willing to take the first step and love their neighbors"可知，克莱门特认为社区是人们愿意迈出第一步，爱他们的邻居的地方，而不单纯是一个物理空间。故选C。
【点评】做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
五．短文改错（共1小题）
8．（2024 大通县二模）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
There is a extremely annoying phenomenon that many students litter in our school.Not only it bad for our health but it also makes our school more and less beautiful.Therefore，our school is going to hold an activity themed "Stop Littering in Our School".The activity will surely leave an unforgettably impression on those who take part on it.In the activity，we will first to walk around the school to see however serious the littering problem is.After that，we will be divided into groups to pick up rubbishes.Through this activity，we are expected to realize the importance of protect the living environment in our school but stop littering in our school.
【答案】1.a改为an；2.在only后加is；3.more改为less；4.unforgettably改为unforgettable；5.on改为in；6.去掉walk前的to；7.however改为how；8.rubbishes改为rubbish；9.protect改为protecting；10.but改为and.
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学校为了美化校园环境而组织的"不在校园扔垃圾"活动。
【解答】There is a extremely annoying phenomenon that many students litter in our school.Not only∧ it bad for our health but it also makes our school more and less beautiful.Therefore，our school is going to hold an activity themed "Stop Littering in Our School".The activity will surely leave an unforgettably impression on those who take part on it.In the activity，we will first to walk around the school to see however serious the littering problem is.After that，we will be divided into groups to pick up rubbishes.Through this activity，we are expected to realize the importance of protect the living environment in our school but stop littering in our school.
详解：
1.考查冠词。句意：学校里存在着令人厌烦的一种现象，很多学生在校园里随意扔垃圾。结合语境可知，此处泛指"一种现象"应用不定冠词，且extremely是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故应用不定冠词an，故a改为an。
2.考查倒装句。句意：这不仅对我们的健康有害，也会让学校变得越来越不美丽。分析可知，not only位于句首，句子应用部分倒装，原句为it is not only bad for our health，故倒装形式为not only is it bad for our health，故在only后加is。
3.考查比较级。句意：这不仅对我们的健康有害，也会让学校变得越来越不美丽。根据句意表示"越来越不美丽"应用less and less beautiful，故more改为less。
4.考查形容词。句意：这次活动肯定会给参加活动的学生留下难忘的印象。修饰名词impression应用形容词unforgettable作定语，故unforgettably改为unforgettable。
5.考查介词。句意：这次活动肯定会给参加活动的学生留下难忘的印象。take part in"参加"，固定搭配，故on改为in。
6.考查动词原形。句意：在活动中，首先，我们会逛校园，看一下扔垃圾的现象有多严重。情态动词will后应用动词原形walk，故去掉walk前的to。
7.考查宾语从句引导词。句意：在活动中，首先，我们会逛校园，看一下扔垃圾的现象有多严重。分析可知，此处引导宾语从句，意为"多么"，故应用how修饰形容词serious，however意为"无论怎样"，不符合语境，故however改为how。
8.考查不可数名词。句意：在那之后，我们将被分组去捡垃圾。rubbish"垃圾"为不可数名词，无复数形式，故rubbishes改为rubbish。
9.考查动名词。句意：通过这次活动，希望我们能意识到保护我们居住环境的重要性，并且不再在校园扔垃圾。介词of后应跟动名词作宾语，故protect改为protecting。
10.考查连词。句意：通过这次活动，希望我们能意识到保护我们居住环境的重要性，并且不再在校园扔垃圾。分析可知，上下文之间为并列关系，应用并列连词and，故but改为and。
【点评】做短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在并改正。
六．书面表达（共1小题）
9．（2025 泸州模拟） 假定你是校学生会主席，英国友好学校的学生即将结束在你校为期一周的文化交流活动，请你写一篇英语欢送词，内容包括：
（1）回顾活动；
（2）表达愿望。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
Dear Friends，
______________________________________
Thank you
【答案】Dear Friends，
How time flies!As your one﹣week cultural exchange activity draws to a close，let's look back on the wonderful moments.We shared traditional Chinese culture with you and learned about British culture through your lively presentations.The campus tours and joint games also brought us closer.
Now，as you return，we sincerely hope our friendship will remain strong.May you have a pleasant journey home，and we eagerly expect your next visit!
Thank you.
【分析】高分句型一：As your one﹣week cultural exchange activity draws to a close，let's look back on the wonderful moments.
翻译：随着为期一周的文化交流活动接近尾声，让我们回顾一下那些美好的时刻。
分析：本句使用了as引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：Now，as you return，we sincerely hope our friendship will remain strong.
翻译：现在，当你回来的时候，我们真诚地希望我们的友谊能够保持牢固。
分析：本句使用了as引导的时间状语从句；省略that引导的宾语从句our friendship will remain strong。
【解答】Dear Friends，
How time flies!As your one﹣week cultural exchange activity draws to a close，let's look back on the wonderful moments.【高分句型一】We shared traditional Chinese culture with you and learned about British culture through your lively presentations.The campus tours and joint games also brought us closer.（回顾活动）
Now，as you return，we sincerely hope our friendship will remain strong.【高分句型二】May you have a pleasant journey home，and we eagerly expect your next visit!（表达愿望）
Thank you.
【点评】提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
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