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高考英语考前冲刺押题预测 说明文完形填空
一．完形填空（共20小题）
1．（2025 松江区二模）Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
History of tea lasts throughout thousands of years and crosses into various stories.Nowadays，you can buy hundreds of tea varieties to address many physical health issues，as tea is supported by （1） science.However，in ancient times，tea was a philosophical creation，not just a drink —wise men experienced the （2） growth through the drinking of tea.Learning about the history of tea is， （3） ，quite fascinating.
Unlike some traditional drinks，tea begins with the tale of an emperor in China，almost 5000 years ago.Around 2700 BC，Emperor Shen Nong discovered tea purely （4） .The well﹣known leader and wise man was boiling water in his garden when a loose leaf from a tree accidentally fell in and （5） the water.He was so fascinated with the taste of drink that he later applied his scientific knowledge to the process and （6） the various benefits of tea in his further research into plants.
From ancient China，tea traveled to Xizang and India.Tang Dynasty in China began to promote the drink for its medicinal benefits，leading to much formal writing on the subject.These （7） covered ancient tea preparations and practices，and became significant comparisons to how we use tea in the modern days.Monks （僧侣） and poets （8） tea East and West.And then in the 9th century it reached Japan.But it was given the cold shoulder and stayed（9） until Matcha，green tea made into powder，was later invented by the locals.And Matcha became the innovation that （10） Japan's passion for tea in the 13th century.
In Ming Dynasty，people started making tea as we do today and businessmen began （11） green tea，trading it with explorers throughout Europe and Asia.In the 17th century，Dutch people traded it on the Silk Road.This led tea to England in 1657，where it quickly became a popular drink nationwide，from the royal court to （12） citizens.As the British East India Company became the （13） trading empire on the planet —controlling around half of the world's trade in goods，colonies （殖民地） under its administration naturally picked up the habit.
History of tea also involves a way of showing （14） .The Americans once expressed their anger with the British Empire by throwing tea into the port in Boston.Yet sometime later，through Tea Acts，preferential tax policies，new health food trends and more，tea restored its popularity worldwide.
However the world shifts，in some places，such as China，tea （15） the national drink of choice.
（1） A.astonishing B.groundbreaking C.environmental D.medicinal
（2） A.spiritual B.fundamental C.financial D.biological
（3） A.in contrast B.therefore C.for instance D.however
（4） A.on purpose B.by chance C.with effort D.in secret
（5） A.polluted B.purified C.flavored D.colored
（6） A.buried B.calculated C.uncovered D.popularized
（7） A.documents B.demonstrations C.tendencies D.theories
（8） A.improved B.consumed C.sweetened D.spread
（9） A.welcome B.bitter C.controversial D.inactive
（10） A.blocked B.awakened C.promoted D.suspended
（11） A.giving up B.tearing down C.dealing in D.sorting out
（12） A.global B.senior C.plain D.urban
（13） A.stylish B.dominant C.united D.undignified
（14） A.progresses B.drawbacks C.approval D.opposition
（15） A.remains B.turns C.replaces D.overtakes
2．（2025 虹口区二模）Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Superhuman artificial intelligence is already among us，well，sort of.When it comes to playing games like chess or solving difficult scientific challenges，computers are well ahead of us.But we have one superpower they aren't even close to （1） ：mind reading.
Humans have an ability to work out the goals，desires and beliefs of others，a crucial skill that means we can （2） other people's actions and the consequences of our own.Reading minds comes so （3） to us，though，that we often don't think to spell out what we want.If AIs are to become truly （4） in everyday life—in the case of self﹣driving cars，to understand that a child might run into the road after a bouncing ball—they need to establish similar abilities.
The trouble is that doing so is far harder than training a chess grandmaster，for it involves dealing with the uncertainties of human behaviour and requires flexible thinking，which AIs have typically （5） .But recent developments，including a game﹣playing AI that learned to cooperate with humans and AIs that can succeed at hide﹣and﹣seek，show that （6） smart machines aren't a pipe dream. （7） ，thinking about others could be a step towards a grander goal—AI with self﹣awareness. "If we want robots，or AI in general，to truly （8） into our lives，then we have to figure this out，" says Hod Lipson at Columbia University，New York.
Psychologists refer to the ability to （9） another's mental state as theory of mind.In humans，this capacity starts to develop at a very （10） age：by 9 months，babies understand that people's actions are linked to their goals；between 18 months and 2 years，they start to （11） that each person's goals can be different because we have unique desires. （12） ，by the age of about 5，humans have a fairly advanced ability to guess what others are thinking.
How to （13） these capabilities in machines is far from clear，though.Part of the problem is that what we describe as theory of mind is，in fact，not just one thing，but a large collection of abilities.At the simpler end of it is the capacity to understand the （14） behind actions，while at the other extreme is the kind of complicated social skills you get in a Jane Austen novel.
It is important to remember，though，that the effort to teach machines theory of mind is a （15） on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics research：building machines that can truly experience feelings.Whether we will ever get there remains to be seen.But perhaps，along the way，we will learn something about ourselves too.
（1） A.abusing B.enhancing C.mastering D.transforming
（2） A.anticipate B.control C.defend D.support
（3） A.lively B.rarely C.naturally D.unexpectedly
（4） A.useful B.modern C.delicate D.real
（5） A.contested with B.struggled with C.engaged with D.disagreed with
（6） A.financially B.socially C.physically D.culturally
（7） A.For example B.On the contrary C.In summary D.What's more
（8） A.bump B.inquire C.translate D.integrate
（9） A.infer B.alter C.interrupt D.document
（10） A.different B.present C.young D.average
（11） A.deny B.forget C.grasp D.ignore
（12） A.Regrettably B.Distressingly C.Hopefully D.Remarkably
（13） A.examine B.reproduce C.expand D.restore
（14） A.motivations B.consequences C.problems D.conflicts
（15） A.stepping stone B.turning point C.road block D.dead end
3．（2025 湖南模拟） "Drink your milk.It's good for you." You may have heard that many times，and it's（1） .So in the USA，（2） is a popular drink for kids during school lunches.
Things may change now.Last Monday，a group of （3） asked the government to move milk away（4） the lunch program.The doctors think milk is high in fat and animal protein （蛋白质），and they are （5） for children's health.The doctors also think there are（6） and healthier ways to get calcium （钙）.
"People drink milk because they want to build their bones（7） ，but milk may not be the best way to get calcium.We can（8） tofu and broccoli （西兰花） instead，" says Dr.Black.
But some other doctors （9） the idea.They think milk is important for kids.Dr.Fowler says， "I don't think it's right to stop （10） milk.Kids like to drink it and it's good for them.We can't move it from the lunch program."
（1） A．wrong B．happy C．true D．sad
（2） A．cola B．tea C．juice D．milk
（3） A．doctors B．students C．workers D．teachers
（4） A．for B．against C．from D．in
（5） A．good B．bad C．popular D．short
（6） A．faster B．worse C．slower D．better
（7） A．weak B．lively C．strong D．easy
（8） A．put B．eat C．cut D．sell
（9） A．agree with B．disagree with C．live with D．deal with
（10） A．drinking B．buying C．using D．taking
4．（2025 杨浦区二模）Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
"Honesty is the best policy" is a common saying，but in many situations，people do not want to hear the truth.Whether it's a fact of life that they （1） were otherwise or a criticism of their behavior，everyone has truths that they want to ignore.These truths are called truth bombs，especially when they are told in a （2） way.This comparison shows that truth can cause damage if not handled well.
Sometimes we drop truth bombs out of anger.We may （3） our words by saying that we need to express our emotions or to help the other person change their ways.But often we use the truth as a（n） （4） to make the other person feel bad and to repay them for what they did.
Truth bombs rarely lead to productive discussion because they cause a （5） reaction.The receiver may （6） the criticism or counter it with a truth bomb of their own.Truth bombs also often fail to represent the whole truth.Anger can make it difficult to see the big picture，leading to an （7） misrepresentation of the truth.
Sometimes people do need to hear hard truths.Pretending that problems do not （8） can weaken trust just as much as dropping truth bombs can.And failing to address problems in relationships can lead to hatred，which may （9） boil over into conflict.But it is possible to （10） truth without turning it into a bomb.Here are some ways to do that：
Pay attention to timing.It is often helpful to give the person some advance （11） so they have time to mentally prepare.
Ask questions.Don't make （12） about people's motivation，but ask them the reasons for their actions.Also ask if there are problems that are （13） their mistakes that you could help with.These questions will help you grasp the situation more fully，and the recipient may accept the criticism more easily.
Be as specific as possible about the problem.Avoid sweeping statements and generalizations that use terms such as （14）" " and "never."
By presenting truth and addressing problems in a constructive way，you can strengthen relationships and avoid the emotional （15） .
（1）A.declare B.wish C.foresee D.show
（2）A.friendly B.logical C.harsh D.concrete
（3）A.repeat B.justify C.digest D.misuse
（4）A.anchor B.trial C.pattern D.weapon
（5）A.defensive B.positive C.creative D.comparative
（6）A.accept B.analyze C.encounter D.reject
（7）A.accidental B.additional C.intentional D.external
（8）A.disappear B.swing C.exist D.pause
（9）A.eventually B.regularly C.equally D.violently
（10）A.spread B.stretch C.communicate D.cover
（11）A.planning B.warning C.training D.modelling
（12）A.inquiries B.confessions C.assumptions D.adjustments
（13）A.mixing with B.putting off C.setting out D.contributing to
（14）A.always B.relatively C.perhaps D.initially
（15）A.response B.damage C.support D.experience
5．（2025 黄浦区二模） Tragic optimism，which means finding meaning and maintaining hope despite inevitable pain，loss and suffering，is a crucial life skill.There are three tragedies that everyone faces.The first tragedy is（1） pain，because we are made of flesh and bone.The second is guilt，because we have the freedom to make choices and thus feel responsible when things don't go our way.The third is loss，because we must face the reality that everything we value is（2） including our own lives.
Tragic optimism means acknowledging，accepting and even expecting that life will contain hardship and hurt，then doing everything we can to move forward with a（3） attitude anyway.It recognizes that one cannot be happy by trying to be happy all the time，or worse yet，（4） we ought to be.Rather，tragic optimism holds space for the full range of human experience and emotion，giving us（5） to feel happiness and sadness，hope and fear，loss and possibility﹣sometimes in the same day，and even in the same hour.
Tragic optimism does not encourage（6） seeking out or romanticizing misery.Not everything has to be meaningful；sometimes things are just（7） .Instead，tragic optimism realizes the inevitability of（8） but also that we ourselves can determine how we face it.
Difficult moments often lead to extreme behaviors：what's now known as（9） positivity on the one hand —tricking ourselves that everything is great —or extreme negativity and desperation on the other.Both（10） us of doing anything about the situation.
Extreme optimism and unrealistic belief，at root，（11） that anything is wrong；and if nothing is wrong，there is nothing to worry about and nothing to change.Extreme negativity and desperation are so harsh that they essentially say that any action would be（12） .Between these two poles exists a third way： （13） wise hope and wise action.
Wise hope and wise action ask us to （14） a situation and see it clearly for what it is，and then gather the strength，courage and resolve to focus on what we can control.We remind ourselves that we have faced challenges before.We continue because to stand still is not a（n） （15） .
（1） A.constant B.mental C.physical D.sudden
（2） A.impermanent B.irresistible C.unbelievable D.unrealistic
（3） A.critical B.flexible C.positive D.sympathetic
（4） A.assuming B.complaining C.rejecting D.warning
（5） A.memory B.motives C.permission D.rewards
（6） A.actively B.hesitantly C.initially D.materialistically
（7） A.awful B.beneficial C.relevant D.unnoticed
（8） A.conflict B.departure C.romance D.suffering
（9） A.balanced B.blind C.conditional D.infectious
（10） A.accuse B.free C.inform D.remind
（11） A.confirm B.deny C.imply D.recognize
（12） A.pointless B.preventive C.successful D.violent
（13） A.committing to B.fighting against C.participating in D.reflecting on
（14） A.accept B.create C.exploit D.mask
（15） A.beginning B.example C.option D.trend
6．（2025 宝山区二模）Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Unemployment is a significant problem in many developing countries.Without steady work，individuals （1） to rise out of poverty，and the community as a whole also misses out.Many unemployed people could have done much good through their labor if they had been given the opportunity to contribute. （2） ，without opportunities for reasonable work，young people sometimes turn to crime and violence in order to provide for themselves.Thus，giving people opportunities to work is essential for the community's well﹣being.
Unemployment creates many different problems for communities.Encouraging people to start businesses is an effective way to reduce unemployment，and this can be done in several ways.
Education plays a vital role in （3） people for certain jobs，but many young people find that even if they are （4） ，the jobs are just not there.This was the situation that Rwandan entrepreneur Noel Nizeyimana faced.When he graduated from university with a degree in soil and environmental science，he sent out application after application but received no job offers，so he turned to creating his own business.With three of his colleagues，he founded Greencare Rwanda Ltd.，a company that transforms waste into products that can be used for various purposes. （5） ，one of the company's programs processes waste and turns it into organic fertilizer used by local farmers.The company has also （6） into plastic recycling and produces paving materials from sand and plastic.Thus，Greencare Rwanda is providing materials for other industries as well.
Greencare Rwanda Ltd was able to （7） the ground largely due to funds it received from the UN Youth Joint Programme.This program is a（n） （8） to reach the UN's sustainable development goal of "decent work and economic growth. "The assistance （9） helped Greencare，which now produces 400 tons of fertilizer and 2，560 square meters of paving materials per year.It also employs 25 people，which shows that helping people start businesses provides work for more than just the person who receives the funds.
All this raises the question of what more can be done to （10） young people to start their own businesses.Providing funds to cover the initial costs，as the UN Youth Joint Programme did for Nizeyimana，is certainly important as the starting costs for businesses can be （11） high.Governments are sometimes hesitant to provide funds to startups because success is not （12） .Starting a business is risky，and nobody wants to waste money，but experts （13） that governments should not impose （强加） too many requirements.Different regions will need different （14） ，so trying to impose a set of one size fits all requirements can restrict growth rather than promote it.
While there are other ways to address unemployment， （15） young business owners is one of the most effective —especially when those businesses produce goods that genuinely help local communities.
（1） A.complain B.abandon C.struggle D.dislike
（2） A.Less B.Better C.More D.Worse
（3） A.equipping B.promoting C.persuading D.recognizing
（4） A.accepted B.qualified C.recommended D.informed
（5） A.For example B.In addition C.As a result D.Above all
（6） A.changed B.adapted C.enriched D.expanded
（7） A.put off B.give off C.get off D.take off
（8） A.standard B.attempt C.consequence D.success
（9） A.definitely B.positively C.negatively D.specifically
（10） A.employ B.enable C.educate D.force
（11） A.objectively B.subjectively C.automatically D.extremely
（12） A.imitated B.predicted C.guaranteed D.achieved
（13） A.warn B.command C.promise D.threaten
（14） A.requirements B.approaches C.features D.advantages
（15） A.charging B.forbidding C.permitting D.encouraging
7．（2025 金山区二模）Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Ten years ago，Kavita Favelle was enjoying a beer tasting event when she and other beer enthusiasts were each given small pieces of paper to put in their mouths.The bite﹣sized paper contained a（n） （1） of a bitter chemical.By needing to spit it out，the 52﹣year﹣old （2） herself to be one of the 25 percent of the population known as super﹣tasters.
"Your taste type is determined by how strongly you （3） this bitter taste，" says Andrew Costanzo，expert in food and nutrition. "Super﹣tasters find it （4） ，normal tasters don't mind it and the 25 percent of non﹣tasters can't taste it at all."
Which of these three groups you fall into can play a role in what you choose to eat with （5） effects to health.Super﹣tasters，like Favelle，tend to avoid foods that they consider taste bitter.On the positive side，this means they are less likely to smoke or drink alcohol.On the negative side，they tend to （6） certain vegetables which are high in bitter compounds – but also contain cancer﹣fighting compounds. （7） this was thought to be why super﹣tasters have a higher risk of some cancers than non﹣tasters， "but it turns out that the issue is more than that，" says Dr Costanzo. "They have generally less （8） diets possibly because they are more careful about trying new things." And this could consequently lower their general level of nutrition and exposure to （9） compounds.Super﹣tasters also tend to add more salt to their food，as salt （10） bitterness，which might lead to negative health effects like raising blood pressure.
Medium or normal tasters tend to have a broader ability to taste because they are neither （11） to bitter﹣tasting foods，nor do they need to soak their food in sauces to make it tasty.
While super﹣tasters avoid certain foods，non﹣tasters have the opposite issue.They tend to be higher in weight than super﹣tasters，possibly because they need higher quantities of high fat，high sugar foods to satisfy their （12） needs.Besides，the fact that their taste isn't so sensitive might also have a（n） （13） influence on immunity （免疫力）.It's discovered that non﹣tasters were more likely than super﹣tasters to test positive to COVID. （14） ，they had worse symptoms （症状） when they did.
Primarily，what determines whether you are a super﹣taster or a non﹣taster is genetics.While we can't change our genes，we can （15） our taste﹣buds in ways that make us feel more comfortable eating more of the things we should and less of those we shouldn't.No matter what type you are，understanding your taste preferences can help you a lot with your health.
（1）A.sample B.component C.stock D.product
（2）A.introduced B.revealed C.adjusted D.allowed
（3）A.digest B.neglect C.perceive D.transform
（4）A.fantastic B.appealing C.nasty D.plain
（5）A.chain B.side C.mirror D.exposure
（6）A.come up with B.get down to C.run away from D.give way to
（7）A.Originally B.Essentially C.Inevitably D.Increasingly
（8）A.healthy B.damaging C.controversial D.diverse
（9）A.additional B.organic C.chemical D.protective
（10）A.replaces B.hides C.strengthens D.removes
（11）A.accustomed B.reluctant C.familiar D.opposed
（12）A.emotional B.psychological C.survival D.flavour
（13）A.noticeable B.unpleasant C.insignificant D.temporary
（14）A.However B.Therefore C.Moreover D.Instead
（15）A.trick B.convert C.reverse D.perfect
8．（2025 普陀区二模） As machine﹣learning music specialist Prof Nick Bryan﹣Kinns explains，new neural （神经） networks are capable of writing original music —but may never — （1） meaningful lyrics （歌词）.
Music AIs use neural networks that are really large sets of bits of computers that try to （2） how the brain works.And you can basically throw lots of music at this neural network and it learns patterns —just like how the human brain does by （3） being shown things.
What's （4） about today's neural networks is that they're getting bigger and bigger，and they're becoming harder and harder for humans to understand what they're actually doing.
We're getting to a point now where we have these essentially black boxes that we put music into and nice new music （5） .But we don't really understand the details of what it's doing.
These neural networks also （6） a lot of energy.If you're trying to train AI to analyze the last 20 years of pop music，for instance，you're （7） all that data in and then using a lot of electricity to do the analysis and to generate a new song.At some point，we're going to have to question whether the environmental impact is worth this new music.
There's a little bit of （8） and mirrors going on with AI music at the moment.You can throw Amy Winehouse's back catalogue into an AI and a load of music will come out.But somebody has to go and （9） that.They have to decide which parts they like and which parts the AI needs to （10） a bit more.
The problem is that we're trying to train the AI to make music that we like，but we're not （11） it to make music that it likes.Maybe the computer likes a different kind of music than we do.Maybe the future would just be all the AIs listening to music together without humans.
I'm also kind of （12） that one as well.AI can generate lyrics that are interesting and have an interesting narrative flow.But lyrics for songs are typically based on lyricists' （13） ，what's happened to them.Lyricists write about falling in love，things that have gone wrong in their lives，or simple （14） like watching the sunrise.AIs don't do that.
I'm not sure that an AI will have that potential to be able to （15） something meaningful to people.
（1） A.interpret B.compose C.recite D.perform
（2） A.reflect B.stimulate C.replace D.imitate
（3） A.repeatedly B.consequently C.randomly D.instantly
（4） A.sensible B.harmonious C.tricky D.curious
（5） A.runs out B.comes out C.gives out D.puts out
（6） A.consume B.preserve C.generate D.waste
（7） A.displaying B.processing C.feeding D.gathering
（8） A.smoke B.light C.cloud D.fire
（9） A.promote B.play C.memorize D.edit
（10） A.decide on B.work on C.insist on D.rely on
（11） A.requesting B.persuading C.allowing D.enabling
（12） A.doubtful about B.incapable of C.confident about D.convinced of
（13） A.contributions B.experiences C.resolution D.fantasy
（14） A.anxieties B.burdens C.duties D.pleasures
（15） A.attain B.broadcast C.communicate D.restore
9．（2025 徐汇区二模）Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Are noise﹣cancelling headphones damaging our hearing skills？
Noise﹣cancelling headphones have become a popular choice for many，offering a way to block out background noise and letting us enjoy music at lower volumes. （1） ，some experts are worried that using these headphones too much might make it harder for our brains to process sounds properly.
Renee Almeida，an audiologist（听力学家），has noticed a small increase in adults coming to her clinic with （2） issues.They might fail to （3） where a sound is coming from，or struggle to follow a conversation on the train，in a bar or at a restaurant.The condition，known as auditory processing disorder（APD），is often diagnosed in children，so the rise in adults with similar issues struck Almeida as （4） .Almeida suspects that the widespread use of noise﹣cancelling headphones could be a （5） .
She explains that our brains are used to dealing with thousands of different sounds at the same time and deciding which ones are worth paying attention to. （6） ，when a dog barks outside，the brain quickly identifies the sound and dismisses it as unimportant.However，noise﹣cancelling headphones （7） the brain to a single source of sound，such as music or a podcast，potentially weakening its ability to process （8） sounds.
Almeida also notes that the overuse of noise﹣cancelling headphones could harm the developmental process by which children learn to （9） sounds.For adults，it could make their brains lazy，just as muscles （10） without exercise.In both cases，people could struggle to distinguish speech from background noise.
Despite these （11） ，there is currently no scientific evidence proving that noise﹣cancelling headphones cause APD.Nor is there sufficient data showing a rise in the condition.But Almeida believes the question deserves attention.
Prof.Dani Tomlin from the University of Melbourne （12） that people who use noise﹣cancelling headphones for long periods may find listening harder when they take them off.But she says "the （13） should not be overlooked"，for helping individuals to listen to music and movies on planes and trains."Instead of suggesting （14） noise﹣cancelling headphones，we need more comprehensive research studies，"she adds.
For now，Almeida recommends （15） like bone conduction headphones.She also encourages people to actively engage in listening exercises to maintain their auditory processing skills.
（1） A.Instead B.Moreover C.Otherwise D.However
（2） A.learning B.socializing C.hearing D.reading
（3） A.indicate B.locate C.recall D.sustain
（4） A.common B.raw C.odd D.predictable
（5） A.primary stage B.contributing factor C.direct consequence D.temporary solution
（6） A.For example B.In conclusion C.As a result D.On the contrary
（7） A.expand B.reserve C.limit D.detect
（8） A.multiple B.external C.unfamiliar D.inviting
（9） A.clear away B.attend to C.tune out D.trace back
（10） A.strengthen B.tighten C.weaken D.stimulate
（11） A.concerns B.efforts C.threats D.trends
（12） A.protests B.suspects C.acknowledges D.opposes
（13） A.risks B.benefits C.requests D.costs
（14） A.monitoring B.tolerating C.purchasing D.abandoning
（15） A.alternatives B.restrictions C.opponents D.perspectives
10．（2025 静安区二模）Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Forget the sales，hit the rails
I hate sales fashion shopping：there is no pleasure to be had in finding things reduced to a slim part of the full price I paid four months ago，especially when that same （1） item is still swinging its full﹣price tag in my cupboard.No，the only good thing about a fashion sale is that it（2） a new season —and the only ones I like，therefore，are those in which the sales racks（挂衣架） sit alongside rails of shiny，previously unseen stock.
When I say unseen，I mean exactly that.Many of the clothes in store now have neither graced a catwalk nor featured in （3） .Slightly more commercial and often less expensive than their catwalk counterparts，these are the pre﹣collections：the pearls of the fashion cycle.
There are two "pre"collections：pre﹣fall will gradually flow to store from June until September，when the clothes will be joined by the （4） autumn pieces，previously seen on catwalks.The other "pre" collection goes into shops from November （5） of the spring collections.Pre﹣collections are a different beast from the main shows：the clothes are less（6） and the styles less daring.They are typically more wearable.No surprise，then，that today they make up 70﹣80 per cent of a fashion house's annual sales，producing the majority of a house's （7） .
Considering the financial might of these collections，one would be forgiven for wondering why we even （8） seasonal fashion shows.It seems a（n） （9） that most of the clothes we buy have nothing to do with what we see on the catwalk.So is the fashion show （10） ？
Most fashion insiders insist there is no other choice.Financially，the show is still the best channel for buyers to （11） the heat of a fashion house before they make their orders.Editorially，a fashion week is still the best way in which media attention is （12） .And，creatively，the show is still held as being the most direct demonstration of a designer's （13） .
Hence，the pre﹣collections exist for a reason.They are just like those great character actors who appear in dramas starring bigger household names.They are never out of work and are greatly good value but they are （14） recognized.
But things are changing.Next Saturday，a house will present its pre﹣collection show，in Paris，drawing to a close an unofficial"season"in which pre﹣collections are being staged.This year，such pre﹣collection shows are actually （15） .Where once they amounted to a few looks，they are now massive.The ugly duckling of the fashion industry finally has its moment.
（1） A.unworn B.enclosed C.threaded D.misplaced
（2） A.outweighs B.announces C.beats D.exhausts
（3） A.society B.parade C.editorial D.ceremony
（4） A.familiar B.luxurious C.controversial D.original
（5） A.in need B.in advance C.in charge D.in favor
（6） A.domestic B.intelligent C.organic D.unusual
（7） A.customers B.profits C.advertisements D.applications
（8） A.bother with B.account for C.adjust to D.deal with
（9） A.mercy B.mission C.contradiction D.resolution
（10） A.trendy B.comprehensive C.ambitious D.useless
（11） A.contain B.assess C.exchange D.celebrate
（12） A.matched B.conveyed C.maximized D.controlled
（13） A.vision B.status C.obstacle D.definition
（14） A.universally B.readily C.temporarily D.barely
（15） A.mushrooming B.declining C.cooperating D.comparing
11．（2025 奉贤区二模）Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The ocean twilight zone，also known as the mid water，is a global layer of water stretching from 200 to 1，000 meters below the ocean surface.This dimly lit region，just beyond the reach of sunlight，is cold and under high pressure，yet it （1） a host of marine species.Recent studies suggest that its fish biomass may be ten times greater than previously estimated，making it one of the most （2） ecosystems on Earth.
The twilight zone is home to a wide variety of organisms.Many of these creatures exhibit unique （3） to survive in this dark，high﹣pressure environment.One fascinating example is counter﹣illumination（反照明），where small fish generate light from their undersides to match the surface light above，making them nearly （4） to big fish below.
One of the most remarkable phenomena in the twilight zone is the daily vertical（垂直的；纵向的）（5） of its inhabitants.Every night，countless fish，squid，and plankton swim to the surface to feed under the cover of darkness.At dawn，they return to the （6） ，safer waters.This daily migration is the largest regular animal movement on the planet，occurring every 24 hours across the world's oceans.
The twilight zone provides food for larger predators like whales and sharks，which are valuable for （7） reasons.Additionally，the twilight zone acts as a critical part of the ocean's"biological pump".It helps transfer carbon dioxide from surface waters to the deep ocean，preventing it from （8） to the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas.This process is vital for reducing climate change.
Despite its ecological importance，the twilight zone remains largely unexplored.（9） ，commercial fishing interests are already targeting this region.Countries like Norway and Japan have begun （10） harvesting of twilight﹣zone organisms，driven by the growing demand for fish meal and other products.To ensure sustainable use and （11） of the twilight zone，we need to answer key questions about its biodiversity，life cycles，food webs，and role in the global carbon cycle.
However，studying this region is （12） due to its vastness，rapid changes，and the difficulty in capturing and observing its delicate organisms.In 2018，the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution launched a mission to explore a twilight zone，supported by ＄35 million from the Audacious Project.This initiative combines （13） technologies—such as advanced acoustics，high﹣resolution cameras，and genetic techniques—with traditional methods to study this complex ecosystem.By advancing our understanding of the twilight zone，we can develop policies to protect its biodiversity and ensure the （14） use of its resources.The ocean twilight zone remains a （15） world of incredible biodiversity and ecological importance.As we face growing global challenges，understanding and preserving this mysterious region is more critical than ever.
（1）A.housed B.excluded C.limited D.obtained
（2）A.efficient B.intensive C.diverse D.internal
（3）A.adaptations B.preferences C.insights D.rhythms
（4）A.flexible B.incredible C.perceptible D.invisible
（5）A.escape B.journey C.settlement D.exploration
（6）A.deeper B.shallower C.warmer D.clearer
（7）A.economic B.ecological C.evolutionary D.biological
（8）A.bouncing B.reflecting C.dumping D.returning
（9）A.However B.Therefore C.Additionally D.Consequently
（10）A.agricultural B.residential C.industrial D.recreational
（11）A.consumption B.conservation C.exploitation D.intervention
（12）A.challenging B.rewarding C.fascinating D.engaging
（13）A.life﹣changing B.cutting﹣edge C.cost﹣effective D.gene﹣altered
（14）A.considerable B.comprehensive C.innovative D.responsible
（15）A.remarkable B.complex C.hidden D.harsh
12．（2025 深圳模拟） Some of the least costly defenses，（1） energy use，available to plants are structures that make penetration by predators difficult，if not impossible.These include tough leaves，spines，and epidermal hairs on leaves，which may trap，impale，or fence out insects and discourage browsing by vertebrate herbivores，as well as hard﹣coated seeds.These structures may have evolved early in the history of the plants，when they might have been subject to even greater predatory pressures.Because they（2） little investment，plants still retain them.
Many seeds have thick，hard seed coats that provide protection from seed﹣eating animals.The problem with such seed （3） is that the seeds need to be scarified﹣the hard seed needs scratching or scoring of the seed coat to weaken it﹣so the seedling itself can（4） .If the seed is not scarified，the seedling embryo （胚胎） is sealed in，never to germinate.Many plants，（5） ，have turned seed predation into a mechanism for seed dispersal，such as the transport and caching of seeds by squirrels，jays，mice，and ants.
The role of structural defenses in plants was largely presumed until experimental evidence was sought to demonstrate the （6） of such apparent defensive structures against grazing herbivores.（7） investigated experimentally the effects of plant incandescence on the feeding habits of（8） large browsing mammalian herbivores of Africa.These were the kudu，a large African（9） attaining a female body weight of 180 kilograms；the impala，a medium﹣sized African antelope attaining a female body weight of 50 kg；and the Boer goat，a domestic ungulate weighing about 35 kg.The experimenters hand reared the antelope from calves to（10） observation of feeding habits from very close range，1 to 5 meters，under natural conditions，（11） biting rates the animals employed.They converted the bites to dry biomass by collecting samples of leaves and shoots of a size similar to those（12） eaten and drying them to a constant weight.They calculated eating rate as the product of bite size （dry mass） and biting rate.
Another one of their experiments involved a detailed（13） study to examine the influence of incandescence.They selected ten plants each of five species of trees at a height accessible to impalas outside the enclosure.The woody plants exhibited three basic types of incandescence：paired prickles （14） thorns situated in or close to the leaf ails；short，sharp﹣tipped branch﹣lets or spines，sometimes carrying small leaves；and prickles of（15） leaves.Thorns were either straight and long，up to 70 millimeters，or short and sharply curved（hooked）.
（1）A.in terms of B.with regard to C.in the light of D.in view of
（2）A.symbolize B.endure C.represent D.embody
（3）A.protection B.defense C.safeguard D.shield
（4）A.run B.hide C.box D.escape
（5）A.however B.nevertheless C.yet D.nonetheless
（6）A.potency B.effectiveness C.efficacy D.sophistication
（7）A.Promoters B.Investigators C.Researchers D.Managers
（8）A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5
（9）A.impala B.zebra C.viper D.antelope
（10）A.follow B.butter C.allow D.ducking
（11）A.to determine B.to ascertain C.to prompt D.to establish
（12）A.consumed B.devoured C.ingested D.eaten
（13）A.study B.boogeyman C.exam D.practice
（14）A.alternatively B.or C.else D.otherwise
（15）A.various kinds on B.myriad forms on C.assorted types on D.categories on
13．（2025 嘉定区二模） Imagine a world where machines don't just respond to commands but actually understand how you feel.Your phone senses sadness in your voice and suggests calling a friend；your computer sees you' re tired and reminds you to rest.Sounds（1） ？Not anymore.Emotion AI—the technology that allows machines to recognize and interpret human emotions—is already here.
For Ranael Kaliouby，this idea was（2） .Years ago，when she moved from Egypt to the UK，she and her husband kept in touch through text messages.But something was（3） .No matter how many words they exchanged，he couldn't see the exhaustion on her face or hear the sadness in her voice.That experience planted a seed in her mind：What if technology could bridge that emotional （4） ？Driven by this vision，she co﹣founded Affectiva，a company specializing in emotion﹣detecting AI.
The concept is simple yet powerful.Machines are trained to recognize emotions through facial expressions，tone of voice，and even body language.Affectiva，（5） ，works with marketing firms to analyze how people react to advertisements.Meanwhile，companies like Behavioral Signals focus on voice analysis，using tone and speech patterns to discover emotions in customer service calls.The potential（6） are vast，from education to healthcare to driver safety.
But here's the catch：recognizing an emotion isn't the same as（7） it.A furrowed brow（皱眉）—does it mean anger，deep thought，or just bad lighting？A scowl（怒视）could signal frustration，but it might just as（8） indicate concentration.And then there's（9） —what looks like excitement in one part of the world might be mistaken for anxiety in another.
Beyond accuracy，there's a bigger question：Should AI be（10） to make decisions based on emotions？Some police forces have already experimented with emotion AI to assess whether people appear "suspicious." Critics argue this is a（11） game，especially since studies show AI can be prejudiced，sometimes interpreting emotions differently based on race or gender.The（12） thing society needs is faulty technology influencing important decisions like hiring，law enforcement，or mental health diagnoses.
（13） ，the progress is undeniable.Car manufacturers are developing AI systems that monitor drivers' emotions and（14） if they appear distracted or tired.In classrooms，researchers are exploring ways AI could figure out when students are struggling or disengaged and adjust lessons in real time.
So，where does that leave us？Emotion AI is fascinating，full of promise—but also full of risks.But one thing is certain：the line between human and machine is becoming（15） with each passing day.
（1） A．reasonable B．futuristic C．familiar D．necessary
（2） A．personal B．ridiculous C．complex D．collective
（3） A．unusual B．missing C．pointless D．accessible
（4） A．wound B．variety C．tension D．gap
（5） A．by contrast B．in addition C．in summary D．for example
（6） A．applications B．obstacles C．transformations D．investments
（7） A．conveying B．controlling C．understanding D．redirecting
（8） A．barely B．slowly C．severely D．easily
（9） A．improvement B．pressure C．disorder D．culture
（10） A．requested B．trusted C．forbidden D．improved
（11） A．casual B．dangerous C．strategic D．boring
（12） A．urgent B．confusing C．last D．right
（13） A．Still B．Rather C．Subsequently D．Consequently
（14） A．wait B．leave C．intervene D．ignore
（15） A．less clear B．less artificial C．more crucial D．more definable
14．（2025 浦东新区二模）Directions：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A，B、C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Flowers are powerful symbols.People around the world use them to （1） festivals and significant life events.Lilies and tulips represent （2） during spring，a time of fresh beginnings；a bunch of roses on Valentine's Day or Mother's Day conveys love.And year﹣round，no wedding or funeral is （3） without flowers.
Blooms are a （4） business，and the global cut flowers industry is worth up to ＄55 billion a year.But behind the beautiful flowers can be significant environmental and human （5） .Here's how the flower industry is impacting the planet.
The country that is undoubtedly the world's largest （6） of cut flowers is the US，with a majority of imported flowers from Colombia and Ecuador.In Europe，most imported flowers sold there are from equatorial East Africa.
The single largest producer of cut flowers in the world is Colombia，which （7） an estimated 660 million stems（茎） in 2024.Other top producers are Ecuador，Sri Lanka and Kenya，the latter （8） one﹣third of all roses sold in the EU.Meanwhile，China is rapidly becoming a（n）（9） market in the global flower trade，driven by rising demands.
The global flower trade is rapid，which （10） the industry's environmental footprint—the ideal is to get a bloom from field to vase in three to five days for a good profit.For Colombian producers，with farms mostly located near Bogotá's international airport，flowers can lose 15 percent of their （11） for every extra day spent traveling.
Many of the flowers are grown in high﹣altitude（高海拔），industrial﹣scale greenhouses（for disease and humidity control），and these flower farms can cover an area of over 500 acres.Flowers are also thirsty plants，which （12） high water use and chemical runoff.（13） ，drought﹣stricken Lake Naivasha，the center of the industry in Kenya，has seen half of its water drawn off for use in flower greenhouses，according to some critics.
On top of pollutants and water use，flowers can （14） serious carbon emissions because of refrigeration and long﹣distance transport.In 2020，Valentine's Day flowers grown in Colombia and flown to US airports produced some 360，000 metric tons of CO2.To put that into perspective，that's （15） equivalent to 78，000 cars driven for one year.Even after flowers are flown into the US，they're sometimes trucked thousands of miles in gas﹣inefficient trucks from centers such as Miami and Los Angeles to locations across the nation.
（1）A.sustain B.trace C.restore D.mark
（2）A.cycle B.tradition C.renewal D.freedom
（3）A.visible B.dramatic C.complete D.unique
（4）A.booming B.diverse C.struggling D.risky
（5）A.costs B.resources C.activities D.objectives
（6）A.grower B.consumer C.assessor D.distributor
（7）A.examined B.removed C.preserved D.exported
（8）A.supplying B.fertilizing C.arranging D.exchanging
（9）A.emerging B.declining C.exclusive D.protective
（10）A.neutralises B.theorises C.quantifies D.intensifies
（11）A.symbolism B.availability C.value D.identity
（12）A.allows for B.contributes to C.benefits from D.disapproves of
（13）A.What's more B.For example C.In contrast D.As a result
（14）A.generate B.reduce C.monitor D.tackle
（15）A.merely B.currently C.routinely D.roughly
15．（2025 辽宁模拟） Many a time，I've found myself driving along China's country roads.Although the （1） across China have made travel easier and faster，whenever possible，I still （2） driving on country roads.Not to save toll（过路费）fees but to enjoy the （3） of driving slowly and get a better taste of rural life.
Along such （4） ，one can see the crops change color with the season，（5） with street traders in roadside markets，knock at a farmhouse door to （6） if the owner has some farm﹣raised chicken or duck eggs，fruits and vegetables to sell or use a public toilet — most （7） now have public toilets at the entrance or exit.
（8） country road construction and repair in the past decade have （9） changed villagers' lives，making them （10） to towns and cities.Using these roads，villagers can transport their produce to markets and （11） them for a higher price，and send their children to cities for better education.
Building of country roads is an important part of China's plan to （12） the urban﹣rural development gap.Country roads in China （13） the roads linking villages and towns with each other and with the county headquarters or nearby cities.The （14） of country roads will continue in the near future to （15） improve the rural life.
（1） A．gas﹣stations B．expressways C．airports D．waterways
（2） A．prefer B．avoid C．regret D．risk
（3） A．bending B．phenomenon C．convenience D．feeling
（4） A．places B．scenes C．roads D．attractions
（5） A．stay B．compete C．check D．bargain
（6） A．expect B．see C．understand D．prove
（7） A．villages B．farmhouses C．markets D．cities
（8） A．Affected B．Developed C．Intensified D．Slowed
（9） A．greatly B．instantly C．strangely D．possibly
（10） A．superior B．closer C．faster D．back
（11） A．display B．exchange C．sell D．purchase
（12） A．study B．hide C．recover D．narrow
（13） A．stand for B．prepare for C．add to D．refer to
（14） A．design B．conservation C．construction D．evaluation
（15） A．further B．even C．earlier D．rather
16．（2025 崇明区二模） The daughters，but not the sons，of women who give birth at age 30 or older are more likely to experience symptoms of depression as young adults，according to research published by the American Psychological Association.
Tearne，a doctoral student at the University of Western Australia and lead author of the study，and her colleagues analyzed data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort Study.Pregnant（怀孕的）women were selected into this study，and provided psychological（1） .Their offspring（子女） then underwent psychological（2） at various ages over the next 23 years.
In this study，the researchers（3） self﹣reported levels of various symptoms of depression，anxiety and stress from 1，200 of the offspring at age 20 and compared them with the age of the mother and father at the time the children were born.Daughters whose mothers were over age 30 at the time of（4） had significantly higher levels of stress，depression and anxiety compared with daughters whose mothers were under age 30.However，the fathers' age at that particular time had no effect，and there was no effect found for（5） .
While the exact cause of this relationship is not clear，Tearne said she suspects it is not necessarily（6） .
"One hypothesis（假设） is that（7） may occur in the mother﹣daughter relationship because of a large age difference between the two，"said Tearne."It may be that a 30 or more year age difference between mother and daughter leads to a significant difference in the（8） systems.That may cause（9） in the relationship，leading to stress，worry and sadness in the child，particularly during the transition to young adulthood."
Another possible（10） may be that the women who gave birth over age 30 would be in their 50s at the time their children were assessed.Therefore，they are more likely to be experiencing health problems associated with（11） .This could also lead to higher levels of（12） in the children，Tearne said.Other studies have suggested that daughters are more affected by their mother's health problems than sons.This could explain why the（13） only appears in daughters，she said.
"It is important to remember，too，that the study examined symptoms of distress，rather than（14） diagnosis，"said Monique Robinson，PhD，of the University of Western Australia，another author of the study. "It could be that the offspring of older mothers are at risk for a few more symptoms of depression，anxiety and stress，but that does not necessarily mean they will experience a（n）（15） mental disorder."
（1） A.association B.adjustment C.support D.information
（2） A.consultation B.intervention C.assessment D.treatment
（3） A.looked at B.went after C.responded to D.persisted in
（4） A.promotion B.graduation C.marriage D.birth
（5） A.sons B.mothers C.daughters D.grandchildren
（6） A.temporary B.biological C.subjective D.psychological
（7） A.transitions B.difficulties C.interactions D.competitions
（8） A.value B.blood C.education D.security
（9） A.mistakes B.limits C.tensions D.distractions
（10） A.exception B.equivalent C.foundation D.explanation
（11） A.income B.promotion C.aging D.exercising
（12） A.commitment B.symptoms C.expectations D.consciousness
（13） A.effect B.struggle C.friction D.imitation
（14） A.initial B.ultimate C.general D.clinical
（15） A.rare B.treatable C.diagnosable D.irreversible
17．（2025 深圳模拟） The enormous blue cone slowly （1） tiny piles of sand that represent houses.It symbolizes the deadly havoc （2） by floods that ravaged Spain's eastern Valencia five months ago.
The artwork is one of hundreds of wood and papier﹣m ché sculptures that are painstakingly（3） —and then burned —when Las Fallas，the most important yearly celebration in Valencia，reaches its climax on Wednesday night.This year's festival has taken on（4） meaning.There is hope that the burning ceremony，or Crema，will provide some（5） for the city and surrounding villages after over 220 people died in October's flooding.
UNESCO，which（6） Las Fallas to its catalog of intangible cultural heritage in 2016，describes the incineration of the sculptures as "a form of purification" and "social renewal." The festival（7） in the 18th century，according to UNESCO，and now brings together some 200，000 people for the event that （8） from March 14﹣19，culminating in the day of St.Joseph.Spain's King Felipe VI （9） the party on Wednesday to show his continued support for flood victims.The king had been （10） by mud when he visited a hard﹣hit area along with politicians in the aftermath of the floods.
The sculptures made by local artisans can（11） over 65 feet.This year，some were built using （12） from peoples' homes.Others（13） politicians accused of mishandling the catastrophe.And the U.S.President Donald John Trump was （14） unfavorably in a few sculptures —alongside Elon Musk —after his （15） on Europe's defense.
（1） A.crushes B.builds C.paints D.decorates
（2） A.suffered B.witnessed C.caused D.endured
（3） A.crafted B.collected C.displayed D.sold
（4） A.ordinary B.special C.negative D.traditional
（5） A.anger B.joy C.surprise D.relief
（6） A.listed B.removed C.added D.reviewed
（7） A.ended B.began C.transformed D.evolved
（8） A.starts B.pauses C.resumes D.lasts
（9） A.travelled B.hosted C.ignored D.attended
（10） A.covered B.splashed C.stained D.decorated
（11） A.measure B.weigh C.rise D.stretch
（12） A.souvenir B.treasure C.wreckage D.material
（13） A.mock B.blame C.praise D.honor
（14） A.depicted B.praised C.ignored D.respected
（15） A.commitment B.hesitation C.withdrawal D.support
18．（2025 滨海新区校级一模） "Long time no see" is a very interesting sentence.When I first read this sentence from an American friend's email，I laughed.I thought it was a typical （1） of Chinglish.
Obviously it is a word﹣by﹣word literal translation of the Chinese greetings with a （2） English grammar and structure!Later on，my friend told me that it is a standard American （3） .I was too thrilled to believe her.Her words could not （4） me at all.So I did a （5） on .To my surprise，there are over 60 thousand web pages （6） "Long time no see".This sentence has been （7） used in emails，letters，newspapers，movies，or any other possible place.Though it is （8） informal，it is part of the language that Americans use daily. （9） ，if you type this phrase in Microsoft Word，the （10） will tell you that the grammar needs to be corrected.
Nobody knows the （11） of this Chinglish sentence.Some people believe that it came from Charlie Chan's movies.In 1930s，Hollywood movie makers successfully （12） a worldwide famous Chinese detective named"Charlie Chan" on wide screens.Detective Chan liked to teach Americans some Chinese wisdom （13） quoting（引用） Confucius."Long time no see" was his trademark（标志）.Soon "Long time no see" became a/an （14） phrase in America （15） the popularity of these movies.
Some people （16） America to a huge melting pot（熔炉）.All kinds of culture are （17） in the pot together，and they （18） the color and taste of each other.American Chinese，though a minority ethnic group in the United States，is also （19） some changes to the stew（炖菜）!Language is usually the first thing to be （20） in the mixed pot.
（1） A.example B.sign C.word D.change
（2） A.wronged B.perfected C.learned D.broken
（3） A.custom B.greeting C.habit D.proverb
（4） A.persuade B.encourage C.convince D.believe
（5） A.job B.test C.check D.search
（6） A.containing B.printing C.publishing D.expressing
（7） A.hardly B.widely C.seldom D.deeply
（8） A.lots of B.plenty of C.some of D.sort of
（9） A.Unfortunately B.Luckily C.However D.Suddenly
（10） A.hardware B.software C.operator D.speaker
（11） A.use B.expression C.origin D.meaning
（12） A.created B.published C.did D.discovered
（13） A.in B.by C.with D.of
（14） A.ordinary B.rare C.modern D.popular
（15） A.because B.as to C.thanks to D.but for
（16） A.compare B.add C.join D.owe
（17） A.joined B.mixed C.compiled D.done
（18） A.improve B.change C.lower D.promote
（19） A.owing B.putting C.taking D.contributing
（20） A.influenced B.mentioned C.used D.considered
19．（2025 上海模拟）
Screened out
It is hard to imagine life without a smartphone these days.Leave yours at home and you may find yourself lost，moneyless and severed （断绝） from social contact.Nine in ten American adults own one，according to Pew Research Centre.They spend 3 hours and 45 minutes on them a day，on average，reckons GWI，a firm of analysts.New versions enhanced with artificial intelligence may be even harder to （1） .
Yet a market is also emerging for phones that are （2） basic.These dumb phones —confusingly called "feature phones" —account for just 2% of phone sales in America.But demand is growing.In 2016 HMD，a Finnish firm，bought the rights to （3） the devices of Nokia，whose basic phones once reigned supreme.It says it is now selling "tens of thousands" of flip﹣phones a month in America.In May it re﹣released the Nokia 3210，a（n） （4） model for many millennials during their teenage years，in Europe.It even has Snake，a classic mobile game.
Dumb phones today do not merely （5） those of the past，though.Startups offer （6） devices of their own.For example，Light Phone，which is shaped like an iPod，has an e﹣ink screen like a Kindle.It also allows users to add （7） "tools" including a podcast﹣player and a directions app.
What explains the return of the dumb phone？One factor is （8） over the impact of smartphones —and social﹣media apps （9） on young people's mental health.That is why Eton，a posh British school，announced in July that it would （10） its future prime ministers from bringing smartphones to school，and would provide them with Nokia phones instead.
But plenty of grownups are also choosing dumb phones （11） .Jose Briones，who moderates a forum dedicated to dumb phones on Reddit，a social﹣media site，switched to the Light Phone after growing （12） at his soaring screen﹣time tally.Like many neophytes （新信徒），he still keeps a smartphone for situations such as travelling abroad.Other smartphone addicts are instead opting to （13） their devices，either by deleting apps or downloading ones that control screen time，of which there are a growing number.
（14） the supercharged connectivity of a smartphone can lead to anxiety at first.Christina Dinur，another dumb﹣phone （15） ，remembers wondering what to do with herself when waiting in a queue without her smartphone.But，she says，she "settled into a really quick!" For some，it seems，a dumb phone can be a smart choice.
（1） A．look to B．interfere with C．tear apart D．put down
（2） A．deliberately B．internally C．carelessly D．imaginatively
（3） A．innovate B．relaunch C．promote D．rearrange
（4） A．minor B．apparent C．mainstream D．outdated
（5） A．integrate B．empower C．replicate D．advertise
（6） A．complicated B．minimalist C．luxurious D．intelligent
（7） A．optional B．influential C．novel D．entertaining
（8） A．anxiety B．control C．authority D．advantage
（9） A．by the way B．in particular C．in conclusion D．on the contrary
（10） A．excuse B．rescue C．distinguish D．ban
（11） A．compulsorily B．unintentionally C．voluntarily D．accidentally
（12） A．delighted B．relieved C．content D．alarmed
（13） A．give up B．dumb down C．break up D．send away
（14） A．Abandoning B．Upgrading C．Transforming D．Accelerating
（15） A．rebel B．pessimist C．convert D．addict
20．（2025 辽宁模拟） We have been educated that we have a short life，so we'd better （1） as many things as possible by pushing，or even forcing ourselves to a tight schedule.Then，we could lead a fulfilling life.
However，sometimes，the more productive we are，the more （2） we might be.Be （3） about a phenomenon called the"productivity trap".Believe it or not，we would do far better to （4） if we are to make the most of our life.
Surprisingly， （5） brings anxiety.Consider a basic goal，such as improving your email response.You might think you would be （6） with nothing in your inbox，and reply to each message the moment it comes in.But each email you send brings further （7） and more work to complete. （8） ，the messages pile up again.
Psychologists suggest trying "have done list"，the （9） of
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