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2. Whose birthday is it
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
Section A (2d-Grammar Focus)
人教版 英语（八年级下）
2. Whose birthday is it
教学目标
语言能力
1.能学习并掌握：hometown，camera等词汇；
(2)熟练持续性动作和状态的现在完成时的句型运用。
思维品质
通过讨论所有物处理方式，培养学生珍惜生活的情感
鼓励学生仔细观察并善于发现总结规律，小组合作锻炼学生团结协作能力。
学习能力
1.掌握含有for、since的现在完成时的用法。
2.掌握现在完成表示持续性动作和状态的用法，进一步感知目标语法结构的形式和意义。
文化意识
2. Whose birthday is it
01 情景导入
Scenario import
How can we deal with our old things
Keep
them
Give them away
Sell them
old things
1.Where are the two people talking
2. What does Amy want to do there
3. What things has Amy brought there
4.How long has Amy had board games How long has her mom had bread maker
Read the conversation in 2d and answer the questions.
They are at the Sunshine Home for Children.
Amy wants to give away some things to the children.
A magazine, some soft toys, board games, a sweater, a dress and a bread maker.
Amy has had her board games since she was a child.
Her mom has had the bread maker for a long time.
现在完成时
2. Whose birthday is it
02 语法聚焦
Grammar Focus
Grammar
Try to find out more examples in Grammar Focus.
How long have you had that bike over there I've had it for three years.
How long has his son owned the train and railway set He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.
Have you ever played football Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven't played for a while now.
Grammar
Try to find out grammar points!
—How long have you lived here
—I have lived here for about ten years.
=I have lived here since 2015.
对since 和for 引导的时间状语进行提问，
都可以用_______________.
How long
2025-10=2015
Grammar
Tell true or false.
1.所有的动词都可以有现在完成时.
They have left the school for a month.
She has already been a student since a year ago.
My mom has bought a dog.
2.但如果跟 for, since或how long一起使用时，其动词不能是_______________, 必须是____________
短暂性动词
延续性动词
Grammar
现在完成时
I've had the magazine for half a year.
I've had this red scarf since 2019.
1.表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在。
表示持续性动作或状态。
2.常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用。
Grammar
For在现在完成时中的用法
I have stayed in the small town for two days.
The film has been on for 20 minutes.
For+一段时间(累计时间)。
For表示“持续了…”
They haven’t seen each other for a long time.
Grammar
since在现在完成时中的用法
Lily has been away from home since last Friday.
I have lived in Xi’an since 2000.
1.since 后面接”时间点”
(如具体的年月、星期、小时。)
Have you stayed here since 3 o'clock
Grammar
since在现在完成时中的用法
I have stayed in the small town since two days ago.
The film has been on since 20 minutes ago.
2.since 后面接”一段时间 + ago”
They haven’t seen each other since a long time ago.
= for +一段时间
Grammar
since在现在完成时中的用法
I have been a dad since my daughter was born.
We have been friends since we met in school.
3.since 后面接“一般过去时从句“
It is two years since I became an English teacher.
for/since
共同点：均可用在现在完成时时态中，且主句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词。
不同点：
for+时间段
since
since+过去时间点
since+时间段+ago
since+一般过去时从句
1. We have lived here _______ 1990.
2. — How long have you studied here — ______ 5 years.
3. The boy has had a bad cold ______ last night.
4. I have waited ____ two hours.
5. Mr. Huang has kept the books ______ last month.
6. I have taught in the school ________I came here.
7. We have been friends ______ a long time.
8. I have been in Nanjing ________ eight years.
since
since
For
用for和since完成句子。
for
since
since
for
for
【即学即练】
延续性动词
动作开始
动作结束
短暂性动词
可持续一段时间的词
开始之后很快结束，不可持续
开始
结束
swim
sleep
open
buy
lend
leave
read
close
sell
borrow
come
have
keep
begin
finish
延续性与非延续性动词在现在完成时态中的使用
有些动词是瞬间V（非延续性V）
常见的有：come, go, arrive, reach, leave, begin, start, buy, join, die, borrow, get up, become, open, stop等。
这些V虽然可以用于现在完成时（说明某个动作的结果还存在），但由于它们不能延续，因此不能跟表示一段的时间状语连用。
My mom has bought a dog.
My mom has ____ a dog since I got into college.
Michael Jackson has died.
Michael Jackson has _________ since 2008.
Her brother has joined the army.
Her brother has _______________ the army since 2 years ago.
had
been dead
Teddy has left America.
Teddy has ______________America for 2 years.
been away from
been a member of
非延续性动词的转换：
①用相应的延续性动词
eg：buy → have borrow → keep come/go/become → be
put on → wear catch a cold → have a cold
②转换成be+名词 eg： join → be a member of go to school → be a student
③转换成be+形容词或副词
eg： die → be dead leave → be away begin → be on finish → be over
fall asleep —be asleep open → be open get up → be up close → be closed
④转换成be+介词短语
eg： come to/go to/arrive in (at)/get to/reach → be in/at,
join the army → be in the army(军队)
Li Lei joined the Party three years ago.(同义句)
Li Lei ____ ____ ____the Party ______ three years.
Li Lei ____ ____ ____the Party _____ three years ago.
2. My father left Guizhou last week.(同义句)
My father ___ ____ ____ ____Guizhou ______a week.
My father ___ _____ ____ ____Guizhou ____ last week.
3. The factory opened in1996.(同义句)
The factory ____ ____ ____ _____ten years.
The factory ____ _____ _____ since 1996.
【即学即练】
join加入某个组织(短暂)—be in+组织(状态)
has been in
for
has been in
since
leave离开某地(短暂)
—be away from(状态)
has been away from
for
has been away from
since
open开业，营业(短暂)
—be open(状态)
has been open for
has been open
1. His aunt has left for half an hour.
2. How long have you joined the Party
3. They’ve made friends since they came here.
4. My friend has bought the computer for two days.
5. I think the movie has started for several minutes.
been away
been in
been
had
been on
Correct!
6. How long has he caught a cold
7. I have fallen sleep since my mom came back.
8. He has borrowed these books for two weeks.
9. The train has arrived for half an hour.
10. His dog has died for many months.
had
been asleep
kept
been here
been dead
总结：在以下的现在完成时的句型中，短暂性动词要转换成延续性动词
how long,for 或者since 搭配使用现在完成时中的动词有什么特点
Discussion time 2:
1. ...for +一段时间
2. ...since +过去的时间点
3. ...since + 一段时间+ ago
4. since + 从句（一般过去时态）
5. How long 引导的问句
2. Whose birthday is it
03 应用实践
Application Practice
4a
Rewrite the sentences using for or since.
1. Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago.
____________________________________________
2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.
____________________________________________
3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.
____________________________________________
4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago.
________________________________________________
5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.
________________________________________________
They haven’t eaten/had anything for ten hours.
I have had the camera since 2009.
Jim has been in Japan for three days.
I have known Anna for three years/since three years ago.
Linda has been ill since Monday.
4b
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
I _______________ (never be) to the water park before.
I want to _______ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.
2. They ________________ (never own) any pets,
but they ___________________ (always want) to have a dog.
3. We ____________ (have) a piano since last November.
We ______ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.
4. Cathy and Amy _____________ (not be) back to their hometown for two years.
They ________(miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.
5. This museum _____________ (be) here for over 20 years.
It ______ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.
have never been
go
have never owned
always want
have had
bought
haven’t been
miss
has been
is
2. Whose birthday is it
04 迁移创新
Migration Innovation
1. Do you have a(n)______ How long have you had it
2. Do you own a(n)______ How long have you owned it
Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.
4c
Things How long
Tony favorite book for two years
basketball since he was 10 years old
Student 1
Student 2
Report :My friend Tony has had his favorite book for two years. He thinks this book has special meaning to him because… …
2. Whose birthday is it
05 回顾总结
Summary
Summary
for
since
1. since +过去的时间点
since 1999
1. for +一段时间
for 8 years
2. since + 一段时间+ ago
since 23 years ago
3.since能引导时间状语从句(主现从过)，
而for则不能。
He has taught here since he came to China.
注意
1.for和since均须与延续性动词连用，
也可以与非延续性动词的否定式连用。
I haven’t seen him for a long time.
I haven’t heard from her since she left.
2.二者可以转换
for +一段时间 = since + 一段时间 + ago
He has been here for five weeks.
= He has been here since five weeks ago.
Summary
2. Whose birthday is it
06 家庭作业
Homework
2. Whose birthday is it
Homework
1.Review the new words and phrases .
2.Draw a mind map of Present perfect tense .
3.(Optional)
Talk about your favorite things you have, and make a report next class.
2. Whose birthday is it
Thanks
for watching!

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