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(共51张PPT)
人教版 必修2 unit 4 History and traditions
philosophy -- philosopher -- principle -- lesson
descendant -- offspring -- youngsters -- ancestor
individual -- individualism -- individuality -- separate -- personal -- single -- distinctive
heel -- sole -- foot -- shoe
kingdom -- empire -- country -- class -- group -- territory
chief -- main -- leader -- head
puzzle -- confusion -- mystery -- puzzled -- puzzling
belong -- belongings -- location -- situation
military -- army -- force -- troops -- soldier
defence -- fence -- protect -- offence --
知识清理---单元词汇联想
legal -- illegal -- legally -- lawful -- lawyer -- justice
surround -- round -- around -- wrap -- envelop -- enclose -- encircle
evidence -- proof -- witness -- evident -- obvious
achievement -- achieve -- attain -- fulfill -- accomplish -- complete
location -- located -- position -- region -- site
conquer -- overcome -- defeat -- seize
battle -- fight -- struggle -- campaign
fascinate -- fascinating -- fascinated -- fascination
charge -- recharge -- charger -- rush -- accuse -- complain -- blame -- load -- duty
知识清理---单元词汇联想
announce -- announcer -- announcement -- broadcast -- declare -- inform
approach -- near -- access -- resolution
ensure -- assure -- insure
generous -- generosity -- unselfish -- selfless -- mean
position -- location -- situation -- post -- job
courtyard -- court -- yard
eager -- anxious -- keen -- willing -- eagerness
poet -- poem -- poetry
roll -- rolling -- turn -- wheel -- rotate -- wind -- spiral
greet -- greeting -- welcome -- address -- salute
custom -- customs -- tradition -- habit -- practice
striking -- obvious -- attractive -- remarkable -- noticeable
知识清理---单元词汇联想
1. life philosophy life lesson life principle
2. individual freedom/ cases/leaf /member individual dressing style
3. Achilles’ heel pull one’s leg shake a leg break a leg
4. the United Kingdom the animal kingdom
5. chief reason police chief chief editor too many chiefs and not enough Indians
6. puzzle over/ about a crossword puzzle
7. join --- to join sb(in sth) join a group/club
8. break away from break down/up break out/in
9. belong to spl/sb belong here a sense of belonging
10. as well/good as as well as far as
词性和词组联想
11. legal system/advice legal holiday
12. be surrounded by surround oneself with
13. a sense of achievement
14. be located in locate the fault /sth/sb locate business in
15. conquer a country conquer the people/sb /mountain
16. fight a battle fight a losing battle batter against/for sth/sb
17. keep your eyes open keep an eye on catch one’s eye
18. in charge (of) take charge of charge sb with sth charge sb money for sth free of charge charge at sb charge batteries on charge charge ---with ---
19. make an announcement announce sth to sb announce one’s arrival announce sb
词性和词组联想
20. an amount of time/money amount to 3 million
21. approach sb for sth an approach to spl/problem/doing
22. be generous with time/money be generous in doing
23. in position body position social position hold a position in one’s position take a position position sth
24. be eager to do/for be anxious to do/for be keen to do be keen on sb/doing be willing to do
25. a toilet roll a roll of film the honor roll roll down/up
26. on the dot be dotted with
27. greet sb with in greeting birthday greetings
28. crowd --- with crowd into/around a crowd of be crowded with be packed with be full of be filled with
词性和词组联想
词汇练习
1. They share the same currency and m defence.
2. They have different education systems and l systems.
3. You will surrounded by e of four different groups of people who took over.
4. I still can list some l of the relevant events.
5. London is an ancient port city that has a history d all the way back to Roman times.
6. The UK is a f mix of history and modern culture.
7. The driver had to find a place to have the car battery c .
8. With the holiday a , the boys became excited.
9. The young people attracted by the Legend watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars p on the hill.
10. It’s a feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills d with sheep and cattle.
keys: military legal evidence locations dating fascinating charged approaching positioned dotted
知识清理---重点句子
They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack.
The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.
Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
The vikings came in the eighth century, left behind lots of new vocabulary, and also the names of many locations across the UK.
They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.
Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses.
The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
知识清理---语法复习
本单元语法为过去分词做定语、补语。参考P42练习部分。不在句子中做谓语的动词形式就是动词的非谓语形式，分别是不定式，现在分词、过去分词。过去分词在句子中可以做定语、宾补和表语，基本表被动关系。比如：
On his return from his college, he found the house deserted.
The building being built now will be our library.
Harry got her bad tooth extracted in the hospital.
I like reading books written by Lu Xun.
Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
Most people just use the shortened name: the United Kingdom, or UK.
They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack.
12. join A to/and B 把… 和…连接或者联结起来
=connect/link A with/to/and B
1. The island to the mainland by a bridge.
join sb in doing sth 加入某人一起做某事
join the club/the army/ the league/the party
加入俱乐部、参军，入团、入党
join in =take part in =participate in = be involved in 参加 (活动)
is joined
13. break away from (sb/sth) 脱离；逃脱；背叛
2. I should break away from such bad habits.
我应该改掉这种坏习惯。
关于break 的短语：
break down 出故障，(身体)垮掉，(谈判)失败
break in 强行闯入
break into 强行闯入；突然开始(笑，哭)
break out 突然开始(笑，哭);（战争，斗争)等爆发
break through 取得突破
break up sth破碎，(会议)解散，(和sb)关系破裂，放假
The tiger broke away from the cage and fled into the forest.
老虎从笼子里挣脱出来，逃进了森林。
1.Many jounalists were sent to cover the terrible disaster immediately the earthquake .
2.If George keeps on working hard, he’ll soon or later.
3. In my opinion, marriage based in money is likely to .
4.He grabbed her, but her managed to him.
broke out
break down
break up
break away from
14. belong to 属于 无被动/无进行,
非谓语: belonging to
1. Professor Smith keeps telling his students that the future _________ __(属于) the creative people.
2. He was upset that the valuable watch _____________him(属于）was lost yesterday.
belonging un.属于
3.When I was back to China, I felt a strong sense of .
4. I just escaped from the flood and all my___________ (belong) were swept away.
belongings (一定用复数） 所有物；财产；
belongs to
belonging to
belongings
belonging
a sense of belonging 归属感
15. as well as/together with/along with 和…； 以及…
谓语用“就远原则”
not only A but also B 不但A而且B（强调B）
谓语用“就近原则”
1. Peter as well as his friends ________(like) to listen to classical music.
2. Not only he but also his brothers ______________(work) like mad at the moment.
as well as 连接并列的平行结构
3. We are repairing the roof as well as _________ (paint) the walls.
4. She can sing as well as ________(跳舞).
likes
are working
painting
dance
as well as 和… 一样好
He can speak English as well as you can.
as well as 除了… 之外(还) = besides/ aside from/apart from介词
+doing
As well as knowing some Russian, she speaks English very well.
类似的词：
as well “也 ”, 放于句末
1. I like English as well. = I like English, too. = I also like English.
I don’t like English either.
17. defence n 防御；保卫
in defence of 为…辩护；保卫
defend v. 辩护；保卫
- defend … from/against … 保护…免受伤害；保卫…
- defend one’s country 保卫国家 (against the enemy )
- defend sb/oneself 为某人/自己辩护
1. Our duty is to defend the country ____________its enemies.
2. Thousands of young men came forward, willing to _________________________。(保卫他们的国家）
3. He had a lawyer to ______________(为他辩护）in court.
against/from
defend their country
defend him
1. It’s illegal (drive) through a red light.
2. South China tigers are endangered because of (legal) hunting.
3. These large animals are being killed (legal) because their body parts are considered to be very valuable.
18. legal adj. 合法的; 法律的 ---- illegal adj. 不合法的
legal adviser 法律顾问
law n. 法律 ----- lawyer n. 律师
19. surround vt. 包围
----- surround A with B 用B包围A
----- A be surrounded by/with B A被B包围
------ surrounding adj 周围的; 附近的（只做前置定语）
------ surroundings（pl） 环境
1. The poet ____________________________(被包围）a crowd of people, eager to hear his speech.
2. Mrs White found her husband______________(surround)by letters and papers and looking very worried .
3. ____________(surround) by the clear waters, this forest provides visitors with a wonderful chance to see some endangered birds in the wild.
4). They live in a beautiful village, with many trees and flowers ____________(surround) it.
was surrounded by/with
surrounded
Surrounded
surrounding
20. evidence [U]n. 证据；证明
gather/collect evidence 收集证据
There is evidence that … 有证据表明…
----- evident adj 明显的
It is evident/clear/ obvious/apparent that… 很明显…
1. All the scientific evidence _________(show) that the increasing use of chemicals in farming _______(be) damaging our health.
2. ______ ______ _____ _______(有证据表明）the ship sank in a bomb attack.
3. _____ ______ _____________(很明显）that the man is highly thought of in the company.
shows
is
There is evidence that
It is evident
achievement 成就；成绩; 达到
make an achievement/ achievements 取得成就
成就感/幽默感/归属感/满足感
a sense of achievement/ humor/belonging/satisfaction
achieve vt. 达到；实现
达到目的、实现目标
achieve one’s aim/goal/ dream/target = realize one’s …
1. They felt a great sense of ____________ to see their children’s
______________. (achieve)
2. 我很钦佩他做出的成就。
I admire the achievements that he has made.
I admire what he has achieved.
achievement
achievements
22. location n. 地点；位置
locate vt. 找到…的位置
---- be located in / at 坐落于、位于
你能在这张地图上找到宜春市吗？
Can you locate Yichun in this map
Yichun _________________(位于） in the west of Jiangxi with the area of 18669 square kilometers.
2. Mingyue mountain _____________（locate) in Yichun is worth a visit.
is located
located
23. conquer vt. 占领；征服；控制
----conqueror n. 征服者
1. After a fierce fight, our army finally conquered the enemy's position.
经过一番激烈的战斗，我军终于占领了敌人的阵地。
2. The only way (conquer) a fear is to face it.
克服恐惧的唯一方法是正视恐惧。

24. battle n. 战役；搏斗 vt. 搏斗；奋斗
---- battle with/against ... 与....斗争
----- battle for … 为…而奋斗；为…而战
类似：fight/struggle against 与....斗争
fight /struggle for 为…而奋斗；为…而战
1. She has battled ____________ cancer for two years.
2. Workers are battling _________ equal rights.
against
for
25. port n. 港口
export vt. 出口
import vt. 进口
transport vt. 运输
passport n. 护照
airport n.机场，空港
port
ex
im
trans
pass
air
26. fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的
= extremely charming and attractive
fascinate v.使着迷
fascinated adj.着迷的
keep your eyes open （for sth/sb） 留心；留意
---- keep an eye on 照看；留意；密切注视
keep up with 跟上；保持同步
keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事
keep one’s promise / word 履行诺言
keep in touch with 与…保持联系
eye的短语:
catch one’s eye 引起sb的注意
keep one’s eyes on 注视，盯着看
28. charge v. 收费; 指控; 充电 n. 主管; 收费;
free of charge: 免费
charge sb. some money for sth 因某事向某人收...钱
take charge of… 负责; 主管
be in charge of… 负责; 主管
be in the charge of… 由…负责/主管
v. n.收费，要价
charge sb with… 指控某人...
sb be/get charged with...
v.n控告，指控
n. 掌管，负责
charge v. 收费; 指控; 充电 n. 主管; 收费;
1. How much do you charge me _______ it
2. 送货是免费的。
Delivery is free of charge .
3. He was charged _______ murder.
4. Before use, the battery must __________(charge).
5. He is old, so his son will ____________________ (负责) the farm.
6. The programme is ________________(由...负责) Mr. Zhang.
for
with
be charged
take charge of/
take over
in the charge of
announce vt. 宣布；声称
announce sth to sb 向某人宣布某事
It is announced that +从句 据通知
----- make an announcement 宣布；通知 --- announcer 广播员
1).The spokesman of the Foreign Ministry announced the news _______ the reporters.
2). ______ is announced in today’s newspaper that they have succeeded in solving many problems about the new technology.
3).They__________________________(宣布/向我们宣布）that they would publish a new book.
to
It
made an announcement to us/
announced to us
amount n. 数量；金额
---- a large amount of +不可名 ----- 谓语用“单数”
---- large amounts of +不可名 ----- 谓语用“复数”
1. There ______(be) large amounts of valuable information about the Olympic Games.
2. To my disappointment, a large amount of money _________________(waste) so far.
V. amount to 共计达到(=add up to) ； b. 相当于(be equal to)
他的债务共计2万多美元。His debts amount to over $20,000.
他的答复相当于就是拒绝。 His answer amounts to a refusal.
are
has been wasted
gallery 展览馆;画廊
1. an art/a picture gallery
美术馆；绘画陈列室
2. the National Gallery 国家美术馆
3.The gallery houses 2 000 works of modern art.
美术馆收藏了2000件现代艺术作品。
approach
cn. 方法，途径；道路，通道
the/an approach _____+sth/ doing
①...的方法 (=____________________________________)
②通往...的道路 (=_______________________)
un. 接近，靠近 the approach of …的来临
-- The best approach to _________(explore) the puzzle is to keep your eyes open.
-- With the __________ of the exam, I became increasingly nervous.
= With the exam ___________________, .....
v. 1. 接近 approach sp 接近某地
2. 处理 approach a problem 着手处理一个问题
exploring
approach
to
the way to do sth/ the way of doing sth
the way/ road to sp
coming/ approaching
1. The expert is a person_____________________________(容易接近）
2. _______________________ were guarded by troops. (通往宫殿的所有路)
3. At the meeting they discussed three different approaches ______ the study of mathematics.
4. The approach ______ the summer vacation brings the kids much happiness.
to
easy to approach.
of
All appraoches to the palace
ensure vt. 保证；确保；担保
ensure + n./ 宾从
= make sure of+n. / make sure (that) +从句
1. The police’s duty is to ____________________（确保…的安全）citizens.
译：
2. Please ensure (that) all lights are switched off.
ensure the safety of
generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
--- generously adv.
--- generosity [ d n r s ti] n. 慷慨；大方
be generous with sth 在…方面很大方
be generous to sb 对某人很宽宏大量的
反：be mean with sth 在…方面很吝啬
be mean to sb 对某人很刻薄
--- It’s generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事真是慷慨
These volunteers are very generous _____ the old men.
The young man is very generous ______ his time in helping others.
It’s generous ______ you to lend your portable computer to me.
to
with
of
butter
honey
feast
snack
36. ancestor = forefather 祖先
---- His ancestors had come to America from Ireland.
他的祖先从爱尔兰来到美国。
37. position n. 位置（location）；姿态；职位；处境
翻译：
1. Mary is thinking applying for the position.
2. You should put the medicines in position.
3. When I entered the office, I found all the books out of position.
4. Salesman is a position _______ communication ability is as important as skills.
in place/position 在合适的地方
out of place/position 在不合适的地方
where
拓展：position / case/situation/ point /stage/ system/scene
---都是定语从句的“抽象地点”先行词， 常用where 引导定语从句
1. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ______ beginners of English fail to use the languages properly.
2. It’s helpful to put children in a situation _____ they can see themselves differently.
3.I have reached a point in my life _______ I am supposed to make
decisions of my own.
where
where
where
39. eager adj 热切的；渴望的
---- n. eagerness 渴望
be eager/anxious/dying for sth 渴望某事
be eager to do sth 渴望做某事
1. The little girl, who is helped by the Project Hope, is eager _____ knowledge and eager _________(make) progress.
2. Mike is eager ________ (stay) away from the busy city life for a while.
4. I couldn't hide my ______________ to get back home.
to make
for
to stay
eagerness
40. poet n. 诗人
poem n. 诗;诗歌(可数名词)
poetry n.诗集; 诗歌; 诗作
41. feast n. 盛宴；节日
----- a feast for the eyes and ears 视觉和听觉的盛宴
---- feast on 尽情欣赏；大吃大喝
1. Listening to the Mozart’s music is a feast for the ears.
2. That's something for your eyes to feast on.
42. roll v. (使)翻滚;(使)滚动; n. 卷(轴); 翻滚
.
----- roll down the window 摇下车窗
1. The lorry quietly rolled forward.
卡车静静地缓慢前行。
2. She looked at Ginny with tears (roll) down her cheeks.
43. dot n. 点;小(圆)点 v. 加点;遍布
.
1. The sky was dotted with stars.
繁星点缀着星空.
----- be dotted with 点缀; 布满
greet sb with sth 用…向某人打招呼/问候某人
--- greeting n. 问候；招呼
---- send greetings to sb 向某人致意
1. Whenever I met her, she _________________(用…跟我打招呼）a sweet smile.
2. Please ____________________ (代我问候）your parents.
3. She _______________________(热情的问候所有的客人) as they arrived at her courtyard.
greeted me with
greeted all the guests warmly
send my greetings to
48. greet v. n. 问候;迎接
49. custom n (社会的)风俗；习俗；习惯
It’s a custom for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是一种习惯
an ancient custom 古老的习俗
-----Customs n. 海关
----- customer n. 顾客 regular customer 常客；熟客
It is a custom for Chinese people to set off fireworks during the Spring Festival to get rid of ill fortune.
50. sensory [ sens ri ] adj. 感觉的; 感官的
sense n. 感官 v. 感觉到；意思到；觉察到
---- the sense of sight / smell / hearing / touch / taste
视觉/嗅觉/听觉/触觉/味觉
----- a sense of humor / achievement / balance
幽默感；成就感；平衡感
----- make sense 有道理；有意义；讲得通
sensory organs 感觉器官
51. striking adj. 引人注目的 显著的；惊人的； 打击的
a striking image 引人注目的形象
a striking difference / feature 显著的差异/ 特征
strike n. 罢工;
v. 侵袭; 碰撞; 打动; (钟)打点/报时
strike -- struck --- struck
It hit/ struck sb that … 某人突然想到…
The ship struck a rock.
It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.
The area was struck by an outbreak of COVID – 19.
53.crowd n. 人群；一群人 ; 民众 vt. 挤满；使……拥挤
a crowd of /crowds of 一群；许多
sb crowd into sp 挤进
sth crowd in (on sb) (想法、问题等）涌上心头/ 脑海
crowded adj. 拥挤的
be crowded with = be packed with 充满; 挤满
1. The crowd crowded _____ the stadium which was crowded _____ audience.
2. Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding ____ on her.
3. In __________(crowd) places like airports and railway stations , you must take care of your luggage.
4. In the courtyard of a farmhouse, there is a herd of cattle and ________________________(一群人）.
into
with
in
crowded
a crowd of people

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