资源简介 专题11.构词法精讲考点导图英语的构词法主要有:转化法、派生法、合成法、截短法(缩略法)、混合法(混成法)和首尾字母缩略法。考点一 转化法在英语中,有的名词可作动词,有的形容词可作副词或动词,这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。初中常见转化法词汇归纳1. 转换法——名词转换成动词许多名词可转化成动词,意思也随着有些改变。如:chair(n.椅子→ v.主持) hand(n.手→v.上交)land(n.土地→v.着陆) cook(n.厨师→v.烹调)order(n.命令→v.订购) name(n.名字→v.取名)lift(n.电梯→v.举起) picture(n.画→v.描绘)press(n.报刊→v.挤压) nurse(n.护士→v.照料)smoke(n.烟→v.吸烟) stand(n.看台→v.站) 2. 转换法——动词转换成名词大量动词可转化为名词,有时意思没有太大改变。如:try (v.尝试→n.尝试) read (v.阅读→n.阅读)swim (v.游泳→n.游泳) sigh (v.叹气→n.叹气)cry (v.哭→n.哭) shout (v.呼喊→n.呼喊)kiss (v.吻→n吻) guess (v.猜测→n猜测)3. 转换法——形容转换成动词。better(adj.更好的→v.改善) calm(adj.安静的→v.使安静)cool (adj.凉快的→v.冷却) spare(adj.空闲的→v.节省)own (adj.自己的→v.拥有) close(adj.亲密的→v.关闭)slow (adj.慢的→v.减慢) last (adj.最后的→v.持续)4. 转换法——形容词转换成名词。cold(a.冷的→n.感冒) back(a.后面的→n.背部)quiet (a.安静的→n.恬静) calm (a.平静的→n安静)5. 形容词转化成副词。deep(a.深的→ad.深地) wide(a.宽的→ad.广泛地)hard(a.困难的→ad.努力地) well(a.健康的→ad.很好地)考点二 派生法在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫做派生法。加在单词前面的词缀叫前缀,加在单词后面的词缀叫后缀。前缀除少数前缀外,前缀一般改变单词的意义,不改变词性;后缀一般改变词类,而不引起词义的变化。(1)表示否定意义的前缀,在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。常用的否定前缀有:前 缀 例 词dis- 主要加在名词、形容词,动词之前 disappear消失;dislike 不喜欢;dishonest 不诚实的;disorder混乱,骚乱;disadvantage缺点;dishonorable不光彩的;disagree不同意;dissimilar不同的im- 加在字母m, b, p之前 impossible不可能的;impolite粗鲁的,无礼的in- 常加在形容词,名词之前 incorrect不正确的;informal非正式的;indirect间接的;inability无能力;inaccurate不准确的mis- 加在动词、名词前 mistake 错误;misuse 错用misunderstand误解;misjudge误判;misfortune不幸;un- 主要放于名词,形容词,副词前面 unhappy不愉快的;unlucky 不幸的;untrue 不真实的;unfair不公平的;unknown未知的,陌生的;unable不会/能的;unfriendly 不友好的;unhealthy不健康的non- 加在形容词、名词前 non-existence不存在;non-essential非本质的,不重要的non-smoker 非吸烟者ir- 放在以r开头的英语单词前面 irregular不稳固的;irresistable不可抵抗的、irresolvable不能分解的,不能解决的de- 加在名词、形容词前 demobilize遣散,使…复员;decolor 脱色,漂白anti- 加在名词、形容词前边 anti-Japanese抗日战争;antigas防毒气的;antisocial反社会的counter- 加在名词、动词前 counterattack反攻,反击;counteract抵抗阻碍;counterrevolution反革命il- 主要加在以1开头的单词的前边 illegal非法的;illiterate文盲的 没有文化的;illogical不合逻辑的(2)表示其他意义的前缀常用的有:前 缀 例 词a- 多构成表语形容词 alone单独的;asleep睡着的;awake醒着的auto- 表示“自动” autochart自动图表;autobiography自传;Autonomous自治的co- 表示“共同” cooperate合作;co-worker同事down- 表示“往下” download下载;downstairs下楼en- 表示“使……” enjoy使高兴;endanger(使)遇危险;enlarge变大;enable(使)能够fore- 表示“前的” forehead额头;foresee预见inter- 表示“互相,在……之间” internet互联网;international国际的kilo- 表示“千” kilometre千米,公里;kilogram千克,公斤man-表示“人,由人” man-made人造的,人工的,合成的mid- 表示“中间的” midnight 午夜;mid-autumn中秋micro- 表示“微观的,小的” microfilm缩微胶卷;microphone话筒;micro-economy微观经济re- 表示“重新,再;又” reuse再用;retell复述;rewrite重写;rebuild重建sub- 表示“下面的;次;小” subway地铁;subconscious下(潜)意识;submarine潜艇super- 表示“超级的” superman 超人;supermarket超市;supergirl超级女孩tele- 表示“远的,电信的(强调距离)” telephone电话;telegraph;电报;telescope望远镜;television 电视后缀英语单词不仅可以通过加前缀构成新词,也可加后缀构成新词。后缀通常会改变单词的词性,构成意义相近的其他词性;少数后缀还会改变词义,变为与原来词义相反的新词。(1)构成名词的后缀常用的有后 缀 例 词-(a)n 表示“某国人” Australian澳大利亚人;Italian意大利人;Canadian加拿大人;European欧洲人-ance, -ence表示“性质,程度” attendance出勤率;acceptance接受;assistance帮助;dependence依靠-ce表示“性质,程度” difference不同之处;importance重要性;patience耐性;-ese 表示“某国人” Japanese日本人;Chinese中国人;Vietnamese越南人-ess表示“雌性” actress女演员;lioness 母狮子-(e)r表示“从事某事的人” teacher教师;singer歌手;driver司机;writer作家;runner跑步者;winner胜利者-ful 表示某容器的容量 handful一把的;mouthful一口之量的;glassful一杯之量的-hood表示关系或抽象意义 motherhood母亲身份;childhood童年;girlhood少女时代;neighborhood邻居-ian表示“精通……的人” musician音乐家-ing表示“动作的过程,结果” feeling感觉,触觉;感情,情绪;reading阅读,朗读;读物;building建筑;建筑物-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示“行为的过程,结果,状况” action行动;solution解决方案;conclusion结论;结局; expression表达;correction改正,修正;pronunciation发音;读法;invitation邀请;decision决定;discussion讨论-ist表示“专业人员” pianist 钢琴家;scientist 科学家;artist艺术家;typist打字员;violinist小提琴家-ment表示“性质;状态” agreement 协议;movement 运动;development发展;punishment惩罚-ness表示“性质;状态” happiness 幸福;business 事务;illness疾病;sadness悲痛;kindness和蔼;greatness伟大-or表示“从事某事的人” actor 演员;sailor 海员;visitor访问者,参观者;inventor发明家/人;创造者-ship 表示状态、抽象概念 friendship友谊;membership会员资格;leadership领导权;relationship关系-th warmth温暖;truth 真理;length 长度;youth青年;death死亡;growth成长-ty 表示特性或情况 difficulty困难;safety安全;beauty美人;ability能力-ure表示“行为,结果” failure失败;故障;pleasure快乐;希望;娱乐;令人高兴的事(2)构成动词的后缀常用的有后 缀 例 词-(e)n多用于形容词名词 后变动词“使得,变得” widen加宽;sharpen 削 ;变尖;loosen 使松散;strengthen加强;lessen减少-fy表示“使……化” beautify美化;purify提纯-ize表示“使……成为” realize意识到;organize组织(3)构成形容词的后缀常用的有后 缀 例 词-able表示“有能力的” reasonable有道理的;eatable 能吃的;enjoyable 令人愉快的-al natural自然的;national 民族的,国家的;-an/ian表示“某国(人)的” American美国(人)的;Australian澳大利亚(人)的;Indian印度(人)的-ed moved受感动的-en 多用于表示材料的名词后“由……构成的” woolen羊毛的;羊毛制的;golden金的;wooden木制的;frighten恐吓-ent/-ant pleasant令人愉快的;dependent依赖的;different不同的-ern表示“方向的” eastern东方的;southern南方的;northern北方的western西方的-ese表示“某国人的” Chinese中国人的;Japanese日本人的-ful beautiful美丽的;careful小心的;powerful强大的;colorful多彩的-ing moving 感动的;encouraging 鼓舞人心的;exciting令人激动的;interesting有趣的-(ic)al electric/electrical 电的;historic有历史性的;economical经济的;political政治的;scientific科学的-ish childish孩子气的;selfish自私的;womanish像女人的;bookish书呆子气的-ive active积极的,collective集体的 ;decisive决定性的;native本国的-less 表示“否定” careless 粗心的;useless 无用的;hopeless希望渺茫的;countless不可数的;helpless无助的-like表示“像……的” girllike像女孩一样的;boylike像男孩一样的;motherlike像母亲一样的-ly friendly友好的;yearly每年的;monthly每月的,weekly每周的;lovely可爱的;lively活泼的-ous famous著名的;continuous连续不断的;delicious可口的-some handsome英俊的,大方的;gladsome愉快的;tiresome疲惫的;lonesome孤独的-(t)y thirsty口渴的;noisy喧闹的;healthy健康的-y 表示“天气” snowy雪的;rainy下雨的;cloudy多云的;dusty多尘的【注意】后缀词-ing与-ed的区别:加-ing的后缀词形容词主语一般为物,表示“令人……的”;加-ed的后缀词形容词,主语一般为人,表示“某人感到……”。如:The movie was very interesting. All of us were interested in it. 那部电影很有趣。我们所有的人都对它感兴趣。(interesting指的是电影有兴趣,而interested指的是人对电影感兴趣)(4)构成副词的常用后缀有后 缀 例 词-ly主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度 angrily生气地;slowly慢慢地,beautifully美丽地;terribly可怕地-ward(s) 主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向 towards朝……,向……;eastward向东方地;backwards向后退地;upwards向上地;westward向西地;homeward向家去地-wise otherwise否则;likewise同样地;clockwise顺时针方向地;(5)构成数词的后缀有后 缀 例 词-teen (十几) thirteen三十;fourteen十四;fifteen十五;sixteen十六;eighteen十八;nineteen十九-ty (几十) twenty二十;thirty三十;forty四十;fifty五十;sixty六十;eighty八十nine→ninety九十-th (构成序数词) fifth第五; sixth第六;sixteenth第十六;fortieth第四十;twenty-first第二十一考点三 合成法1.合成名词⑴名词+名词:weekend周末; ⑵名词+动词:daybreak黎明;⑶动名词+名词:reading-room阅览室; ⑷代词+名词:she-wolf母狼;⑸动词+名词:typewriter打字机; ⑹名词+及物动词+er/or:pain-killer止痛药;⑺形容词+名词:gentleman绅士; ⑻介词+名词:afternoon下午;⑼现在分词+名词:flying-fish飞鱼; ⑽副词+动词:outbreak爆发;⑾名词+动名词:handwriting书法; ⑿名词+介词+名词:editor-in-chief总编辑;2.合成形容词⑴名词+形容词 snow-white雪白的 ⑵名词+现在分词 English-speaking讲英语的⑶名词+to+名词 face-to-face面对面的 ⑷名词+过去分词 man-made人造的⑸数词+名词 one-way单行的 ⑹数词+名词+形容词 two-year-old两岁的⑺数词+名词+ed five-storeyed五层的 ⑻动词+副词 see-through透明的⑼形容词+名词 high-class高级的 ⑽形容词+名词+ed noble-minded高尚的⑾形容词+形容词 light-blue浅蓝色的 ⑿形容词+现在分词 good-looking相貌好看的⒀副词+形容词 ever-green常青的 ⒁副词+现在分词 hard-working勤劳的⒂副词+过去分词 well-known著名的 ⒃副词+名词 fast-food专门提供快餐服务的⒄介词+名词 downhill下坡的合成动词⑴ 名词+动词sleep-walk梦游 ⑵ 形容词+动词white-wash粉刷 ⑶ 副词+动词overthrow推翻合成副词⑴ 形容词+名词hotfoot匆忙地 ⑵ 形容词+副词everywhere到处⑶ 副词+副词however尽管如此 ⑷介词+名词beforehand事先⑸介词+副词forever永远合成代词⑴ 代词宾格+self herself她自己 ⑵ 物主代词+self myself我自己⑶ 形容词+名词anything任何东西合成介词⑴副词+名词inside在……里面 ⑵介词+副词within在……之内 ⑶副词+介词into进入考点四 截短法(缩略法)截短法,即将单词缩写,词义和词性保持不变,主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。1.截头:telephone→phone; aeroplane→plane; omnibus→bus2.去尾:mathematics→maths; co-operate→co-op; examination→exam; kilogram→kilo;laboratory→lab; taxicab→taxi; Monday→Mon.; January→Jan.3.截头去尾:influenza→flu; refrigerator→fridge; prescription→script考点五 混合法(混成法)混合法是将两个词混合或各取一部分紧缩而成一个新词。后半部分表示主体;前半部分表示属性。如:news broadcast→newscast新闻广播;television broadcast→telecast电视播送;smoke and fog→smog烟雾;helicopter airport→heliport直升飞机场。考点六 首尾字母缩略法首尾字母缩略法,即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式,即各字母分别读音;作为一个单词读音。如:very important person →VIP (读字母音)要人;大人物;television →TV (读字母音)电视;Testing of English as a Foreign Language →TOEFL托福;North Atlantic Treaty Organization →Nato北大西洋公约组织;save our ship →SOS 国际呼救信号; World Trade Organization →WTO世界贸易组织初中词形变化综合一.动词变为名词21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)1.clean→cleaner 清洁工2.cook→cooker 炊具3.dance→dancer 跳舞者4.drive→driver 司机;驾驶员5.jump→jumper 跳高运动员6.lead→leader 领袖;领导人7.own→owner物主;所有人8.play→player 比赛者;选手9.read→reader 读者10.run→runner 赛跑的人11.sell→seller 卖者;销售者12.sing→singer 歌唱家;歌手13.speak→speaker 演讲人;演说家14.swim→swimmer 游泳者17.teach→teacher 教师16.travel→traveller 旅行者17.wait→waiter 侍者;服务员18.wash→washer 洗衣机19. win→winner 获胜者20.work→worker 工人21.write→writer 作家22.act→actor 演员23. direct→director 主任;导演24. invent→inventor 发明家;创造者25. visit→visitor 访问者;参观者26.act→action 行动;行为;动作municate→communication 交际;交往;通讯28. direct→direction 方向;方位29.introduce→introduction 引进;介绍30.invent→invention 发明物;创造物31.produce→production 生产;产品32.pronounce→pronunciation 发音33.suggest→suggestion 建议34.attract→attraction 吸引35.conclude→conclusion 结论pete→competition 竞争,比赛37.educate→education教育38.express→ expression表达39.graduate →graduation毕业40.operate →operation操作,手术41.organize→organization组织42.invite→invitation邀请43.pollute→pollution 污染44.permit→permission 允许45.agree→agreement 同意;一致;协定46.develop→development 发展;开发47.achieve→achievement成就,完成48.argue→argument争吵49.advertise→ advertisement/advertising广告50. discuss→discussion 讨论;辩论51.decide→decision 决定;决心52. begin→beginning 开始;开端53. breathe→breathing 呼吸54. build→building 建筑物55.cross→crossing 十字路口;交叉处56.cook→cooking 煮饭;烧菜57.feel→feeling 感情;感觉58.mean→meaning 意思;含义59.meet→meeting 会;集会60.park→parking 停车场61.shop→shopping 买东西62. skate→skating 滑冰;溜冰63.swim→swimming 游泳64.train→training 培训65. turn→turning(路的)转弯处66.wash→washing 洗;洗涤67.bathe →bathing洗澡68.end →ending 结尾,结局69.say→saying 谚语70. advise→advice 忠告;劝告;建议71.enter→entrance入口;门口;进口72.appear→appearance 外貌 ,出现73.perform→performance 演出74.serve→service 服务75.know→knowledge知识;学问76.live→life 生活;生命77. breathe→breath 气息;呼78.die→death 死79. discover→discovery 发现80. please→pleasure 愉快;高兴81. marry→marriage 结婚;婚姻82.sing→song 歌曲;歌唱83.succeed→success 成功84.sit→seat 座位85.thank→thanks 谢谢86.weigh→weight 重;重量87.behave→behavior行为,举止88.fly→flight 飞行89.heat→heat 热量90.press →pressure 压力91.tour → tourist 游客二.动词变为形容词1.close→closed 关着的2.excite→excited 兴奋的;激动的3.interest→interested 感兴趣的;注意的4.please→pleased 高兴的5.surprise→surprised 惊奇的;诧异的6.use→used 用过的;旧的;二手的7.worry→worried 烦恼的;忧虑的8.break→broken 弄坏的;坏的9.enjoy→enjoyable 愉快的;有趣的10. excite→exciting 令人激动的11. interest→interesting 有趣的12.follow→following 接着的;以下的13. miss→missing 失去的;失踪的14. relax→relaxing 放松的15. sleep→asleep 熟睡的;睡着的16.wake→awake 醒着的17. die→dead 死的;无生命的18. lose→lost丢失的三.名词变为形容词1.care→careful小心的;仔细的2.care→careless粗心的3.colour→colourful 颜色丰富的;艳丽的4.help→helpful有帮助的;有益的5.success→successful 成功的;有成就的6.use→useful有用的;有益的7.use→useless 无用的8.hope→hopeless 无希望的9.thank→thankful感谢的,感激的10.beauty→beautiful美丽的11.wonder→wonderful 精彩的,优秀的12.forget→forgetful健忘的13.cloud→cloudy 多云的;阴天的14.fun→funny有趣的;滑稽可笑的15.health→healthy 健康的;健壮的16.luck→lucky 运气好的;侥幸的17.noise→noisy 嘈杂的;喧闹的18.rain→rainy 下雨的;多雨的19.sleep→sleepy 困倦的;瞌睡的20.snow→snowy下雪的;多雪的21.sun→sunny 晴朗的;阳光充足的22.wind→windy有风的;风大的23.south→southern南方的;南部的24.north→northern北方的;北部的25.east→eastern东方的;东部的26.west→western西方的;西部的27.gold→golden金(黄)色的28.danger→dangerous 危险的29.humour→humorous 富于幽默的30.medicine→medical 医学的;医疗的31.nature→natural 自然的32. person→personal个人的;私人的33.post→postal邮政的;邮局的34.society→social 社会的;社交的35.friend→friendly 友好的36.love→lovely 活泼的;充满生气的37.day→daily日常的38.America→American 美国(人)的39.Asia→Asian 亚洲(人)的40.Australia→Australian 澳大利亚(人)的41.Canada→Canadian 加拿大(人)的42.Europe→European 欧洲(人)的43.India→Indian 印度(人)的44.Russia→Russian 俄国(人)的45.China→Chinese 中国(人)的46.Japan→Japanese 日本(人)的47.England→English 英国(人)的四.形容词变为名词1.busy→business事务;商业;生意2.ill→illness病;疾病3.happy→happiness幸福;快乐4.weak→weakness虚弱5.kind→kindness善良,友善6. good→goodness良好7. careless→carelessness粗心8.dead→death 死9. true→truth 真理;事实10.warm→warmth温暖11.young→youth年轻,青春12. different→difference 不同13.important→importance重要14.dependent→dependence依赖,信任15.silent→silence 安静;沉默16. foreign→foreigner 外国人17.strange→stranger 陌生人18. difficult→difficulty 困难19. social→society 社会20. safe→safety 安全21.polite→politeness 礼貌22. friendly→friendship 友谊;友情23. popular→popularity普及;流行五.形容词变为副词1.angry→angrily生气地;发怒地2.bad→badly 严重地;恶劣地3.bright→brightly 明亮地4.careful→carefully 小心地;仔细地5.clear→clearly 清楚地:清晰地6.easy→easily 容易地7.final→finally 最后;最终8.happy→happily 幸福地;快乐地9.healthy→healthily健康地;健壮地10.heavy→heavily猛烈地11.high→highly 高度地;很;非常12.kind→kindly 亲切地;诚恳地13.loud→loudly 大声地14.lucky→luckily运气好地15. most→mostly 主要地;多半;通常16.near→nearly将近;几乎17.noisy→noisily 喧闹地18.polite→politely有礼貌地19. quick→quickly快;快速地20. quiet→quietly 安静地;平静地21. real→really 真正地;确实地22.sad→sadly 悲伤地;悲哀地23. safe→safely安全地;平安地24. slow→slowly 慢慢地25.strong→strongly 强有力地;强烈地26.successful→successfully 成功地27.sudden→suddenly突然地28.usual→usually 通常地;惯常地29.wide→widely广泛地;广阔地30. good→well好;令人满意地31.busy→busily 匆忙地32. true→truly真实地33.terrible→terribly可怕地34.possible→possibly可能地六.形容词与副词同形1.early→early 早先的;早期的;早地2.enough→enough 足够的(地)3.fast→fast快的(地);迅速的(地)4.far→far远的;远地5.first→first第一;首次;最初6. hard→hard 硬的;困难的;努力地7.high→high高的;高度的;高地8.late→late 迟的;晚地;迟地9. much→much 许多的;大量的;大量地10. right→right对的;正确的;正确地七.短暂性动词和延续性动词的转换1.arrive/come→be in/be here2.begin/start→be (was/were,been) on3.borrow/lend→keep (kept,kept)4.buy→have (had,had)5.close→be closed6. die→be dead7. fall asleep→be asleep8. finish/end→be over9. get up→be up10. join→be in/be a member of11.leave/move→be away (from)12. open→be opened专题训练一.根据句子意思,用括号中所给英语单词的适当形式填空。(A)1. Even a child knows September is the ______ month of a year.(nine)2. Our notebook computer ______ 5 pounds and costs about $2,000.(weigh)3. Yesterday I ______ a new dress at the Macy’s for my mum.(buy)4. I didn’t want to be treated ______ from anyone else.(different)5. She was ______ in the kitchen when the light went out.(serve)1. ninth 2. weighs 3. bought 4. differently 5.serving/served(B)1. He ______ (be) a volunteer in Ya-an, Sichuan since the earthquake happened.2. Mr. Jiang is a learned person, and he has lots of ______ (know).3. The little girl is very kind and she always talks to people ______ (polite).4. All the _____ (village) living conditions have greatly in recent years.5. My teacher did what he could ______ (make) his class lively.1. has been 2. knowledge 3. politely 4. villagers’ 5. to make(C)1. How __________(care) you are! You’ve knocked the cup off the table again!2. Jason didn’t hear the ring, for he_________(water) the flowers in the back yard.3. Does Gold Theatre have___________(comfort) seats of the five in your city 4. Now Mom feels much better after taking the _________(medical).5. A little bird__________(fly) in through the open window and she set it free at once.1. careless 2. was watering 3. comfortable 4. medicine 5. flew(D)1. At weekends, Nancy enjoys ______ (read) comic books at home.2. —Wild animals are our friends. —I agree with you. We must ______ (treat) them with kindness.3. —Where is Petr from —He is French, if I remember ______ (correct).4. —This pair of shoes is too tight. Could I try a pair in a ______ (big) size —Of course. Here you are.5. —Paul, please e-mail me those ______ (professor) weekly reports as soon as possible. —OK! No problem.6. Stephen is a member of an ______ (organize) which protects rivers and lakes in China.1. reading 2. treat 3. correctly 4. bigger 5.professor’s 6. organization(E)1. The Internet is _______ (wide) used in most families in our country today.2. This e-dictionary doesn’t belong to ________ (I). It’s Sandy’s.3. ________ (child) Day is my favourite festival in the year.4. I think this problem is much ________ (easy) than that one.5. I’m looking forward to ________ (meet) my old friend, Jim, this Sunday.6. We won’t go for a picnic if it ________ (rain) this weekend.7. It’s necessary for us ________ (understand) the importance of health care.8. A year ________ (divide) into twelve different star signs in some Western countries.1. widely 2. me 3. Children’s 4. easier 5. meeting 6. rains 7. to understand 8. is divided(F)1. A large number of _____ (foreign) visit Guizhou province these years.2. Thank goodness! The letter I was looking forward to _____ (reach) me at last.3. Hainan Island is a ______ (wonder) place to spend summer.4. The dinner room must _____ (clean) three times a day.5. My cousin is used to _______ (study) with his new friends in Australia.1. foreigners 2. reached 3.wonderful 4. be cleaned 5. studying二.语法填空1.(2023连云港)It is (有意义的) to do a survey on how to go green to the community. 答案 meaningful 考查形容词。设空处位于系动词is后作表语,应用形容词;meaningful 有意义的,为形容词。故填meaningful。2.(2023南京建邺二模)The news that the giant panda Ya Ya returned to China made us really (excite). 答案 excited 此处应用形容词作make的宾语补足语,us指人,此处用excited表示“兴奋的,激动的”。故填excited。3.(2023南京秦淮二模)Wu Yibing is quite (humour) in daily life, especially during his interviews. 答案 humorous humour“幽默”,是名词,此处应用形容词作表语,故填humorous。4.(2023扬州三模)I have always dreamed of going horse riding on the grassland in Inner Mongolia. (end) 答案 endless 根据提示词及“grassland in Inner Mongolia”可知,此处用end的形容词形式endless“无垠的”,故填endless。5.(2023无锡二模)We all hope to live in a less (pollute) world, so it’s time for us to go green now. 答案 polluted pollute“污染”,是动词,设空处修饰名词world,应用形容词polluted“受污染的”。故填polluted。6.(2023无锡经开区二模)Could you share your (person) experience in Volunteer Camp with me I’m quite interested in this activity. 答案 personal 名词experience应用形容词修饰,此处应用personal表示“个人的”,作定语。故填personal。7.(2022扬州)A competitive spirit can push people to try to be better. (health) 答案 healthy 此处填health的形容词形式,修饰competitive spirit,指“健康的竞争精神”。故填healthy。8.(2022镇江)Millie is interested in Biology, and she often records the (nature) beauty in the park. 答案 natural 此空填形容词修饰名词beauty。nature的形容词形式为natural。故填natural。9.(2023云南)Good ideas sometimes start with a silly question.(real) 答案 really 根据句子结构可知,需要用副词修饰形容词silly,所以用real的副词形式really。10.(2023扬州江都二模)Look! click on it, and you can learn about the history of the city. (simple) 答案 Simply 此处修饰动词click,应用副词“simply”,表示“仅仅,只”,设空处位于句首,首字母大写,故填Simply。11.(2022扬州)Let me repeat what he just said. (exact) 答案 exactly 根据空前的repeat可知,此处填exact的副词形式来修饰repeat,指“让我来准确地重复他刚刚说的话”。故填exactly。12.(2022镇江)The machine was repaired last Saturday. Now it is running (smooth). 答案 smoothly 此空填副词修饰动词。smooth的副词形式为smoothly。专题11.构词法精讲考点导图英语的构词法主要有:转化法、派生法、合成法、截短法(缩略法)、混合法(混成法)和首尾字母缩略法。考点一 转化法在英语中,有的名词可作动词,有的形容词可作副词或动词,这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。初中常见转化法词汇归纳1. 转换法——名词转换成动词许多名词可转化成动词,意思也随着有些改变。如:chair(n.椅子→ v.主持) hand(n.手→v.上交)land(n.土地→v.着陆) cook(n.厨师→v.烹调)order(n.命令→v.订购) name(n.名字→v.取名)lift(n.电梯→v.举起) picture(n.画→v.描绘)press(n.报刊→v.挤压) nurse(n.护士→v.照料)smoke(n.烟→v.吸烟) stand(n.看台→v.站) 2. 转换法——动词转换成名词大量动词可转化为名词,有时意思没有太大改变。如:try (v.尝试→n.尝试) read (v.阅读→n.阅读)swim (v.游泳→n.游泳) sigh (v.叹气→n.叹气)cry (v.哭→n.哭) shout (v.呼喊→n.呼喊)kiss (v.吻→n吻) guess (v.猜测→n猜测)3. 转换法——形容转换成动词。better(adj.更好的→v.改善) calm(adj.安静的→v.使安静)cool (adj.凉快的→v.冷却) spare(adj.空闲的→v.节省)own (adj.自己的→v.拥有) close(adj.亲密的→v.关闭)slow (adj.慢的→v.减慢) last (adj.最后的→v.持续)4. 转换法——形容词转换成名词。cold(a.冷的→n.感冒) back(a.后面的→n.背部)quiet (a.安静的→n.恬静) calm (a.平静的→n安静)5. 形容词转化成副词。deep(a.深的→ad.深地) wide(a.宽的→ad.广泛地)hard(a.困难的→ad.努力地) well(a.健康的→ad.很好地)考点二 派生法在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫做派生法。加在单词前面的词缀叫前缀,加在单词后面的词缀叫后缀。前缀除少数前缀外,前缀一般改变单词的意义,不改变词性;后缀一般改变词类,而不引起词义的变化。(1)表示否定意义的前缀,在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。常用的否定前缀有:前 缀 例 词dis- 主要加在名词、形容词,动词之前 disappear消失;dislike 不喜欢;dishonest 不诚实的;disorder混乱,骚乱;disadvantage缺点;dishonorable不光彩的;disagree不同意;dissimilar不同的im- 加在字母m, b, p之前 impossible不可能的;impolite粗鲁的,无礼的in- 常加在形容词,名词之前 incorrect不正确的;informal非正式的;indirect间接的;inability无能力;inaccurate不准确的mis- 加在动词、名词前 mistake 错误;misuse 错用misunderstand误解;misjudge误判;misfortune不幸;un- 主要放于名词,形容词,副词前面 unhappy不愉快的;unlucky 不幸的;untrue 不真实的;unfair不公平的;unknown未知的,陌生的;unable不会/能的;unfriendly 不友好的;unhealthy不健康的non- 加在形容词、名词前 non-existence不存在;non-essential非本质的,不重要的non-smoker 非吸烟者ir- 放在以r开头的英语单词前面 irregular不稳固的;irresistable不可抵抗的、irresolvable不能分解的,不能解决的de- 加在名词、形容词前 demobilize遣散,使…复员;decolor 脱色,漂白anti- 加在名词、形容词前边 anti-Japanese抗日战争;antigas防毒气的;antisocial反社会的counter- 加在名词、动词前 counterattack反攻,反击;counteract抵抗阻碍;counterrevolution反革命il- 主要加在以1开头的单词的前边 illegal非法的;illiterate文盲的 没有文化的;illogical不合逻辑的(2)表示其他意义的前缀常用的有:前 缀 例 词a- 多构成表语形容词 alone单独的;asleep睡着的;awake醒着的auto- 表示“自动” autochart自动图表;autobiography自传;Autonomous自治的co- 表示“共同” cooperate合作;co-worker同事down- 表示“往下” download下载;downstairs下楼en- 表示“使……” enjoy使高兴;endanger(使)遇危险;enlarge变大;enable(使)能够fore- 表示“前的” forehead额头;foresee预见inter- 表示“互相,在……之间” internet互联网;international国际的kilo- 表示“千” kilometre千米,公里;kilogram千克,公斤man-表示“人,由人” man-made人造的,人工的,合成的mid- 表示“中间的” midnight 午夜;mid-autumn中秋micro- 表示“微观的,小的” microfilm缩微胶卷;microphone话筒;micro-economy微观经济re- 表示“重新,再;又” reuse再用;retell复述;rewrite重写;rebuild重建sub- 表示“下面的;次;小” subway地铁;subconscious下(潜)意识;submarine潜艇super- 表示“超级的” superman 超人;supermarket超市;supergirl超级女孩tele- 表示“远的,电信的(强调距离)” telephone电话;telegraph;电报;telescope望远镜;television 电视后缀英语单词不仅可以通过加前缀构成新词,也可加后缀构成新词。后缀通常会改变单词的词性,构成意义相近的其他词性;少数后缀还会改变词义,变为与原来词义相反的新词。(1)构成名词的后缀常用的有后 缀 例 词-(a)n 表示“某国人” Australian澳大利亚人;Italian意大利人;Canadian加拿大人;European欧洲人-ance, -ence表示“性质,程度” attendance出勤率;acceptance接受;assistance帮助;dependence依靠-ce表示“性质,程度” difference不同之处;importance重要性;patience耐性;-ese 表示“某国人” Japanese日本人;Chinese中国人;Vietnamese越南人-ess表示“雌性” actress女演员;lioness 母狮子-(e)r表示“从事某事的人” teacher教师;singer歌手;driver司机;writer作家;runner跑步者;winner胜利者-ful 表示某容器的容量 handful一把的;mouthful一口之量的;glassful一杯之量的-hood表示关系或抽象意义 motherhood母亲身份;childhood童年;girlhood少女时代;neighborhood邻居-ian表示“精通……的人” musician音乐家-ing表示“动作的过程,结果” feeling感觉,触觉;感情,情绪;reading阅读,朗读;读物;building建筑;建筑物-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示“行为的过程,结果,状况” action行动;solution解决方案;conclusion结论;结局; expression表达;correction改正,修正;pronunciation发音;读法;invitation邀请;decision决定;discussion讨论-ist表示“专业人员” pianist 钢琴家;scientist 科学家;artist艺术家;typist打字员;violinist小提琴家-ment表示“性质;状态” agreement 协议;movement 运动;development发展;punishment惩罚-ness表示“性质;状态” happiness 幸福;business 事务;illness疾病;sadness悲痛;kindness和蔼;greatness伟大-or表示“从事某事的人” actor 演员;sailor 海员;visitor访问者,参观者;inventor发明家/人;创造者-ship 表示状态、抽象概念 friendship友谊;membership会员资格;leadership领导权;relationship关系-th warmth温暖;truth 真理;length 长度;youth青年;death死亡;growth成长-ty 表示特性或情况 difficulty困难;safety安全;beauty美人;ability能力-ure表示“行为,结果” failure失败;故障;pleasure快乐;希望;娱乐;令人高兴的事(2)构成动词的后缀常用的有后 缀 例 词-(e)n多用于形容词名词 后变动词“使得,变得” widen加宽;sharpen 削 ;变尖;loosen 使松散;strengthen加强;lessen减少-fy表示“使……化” beautify美化;purify提纯-ize表示“使……成为” realize意识到;organize组织(3)构成形容词的后缀常用的有后 缀 例 词-able表示“有能力的” reasonable有道理的;eatable 能吃的;enjoyable 令人愉快的-al natural自然的;national 民族的,国家的;-an/ian表示“某国(人)的” American美国(人)的;Australian澳大利亚(人)的;Indian印度(人)的-ed moved受感动的-en 多用于表示材料的名词后“由……构成的” woolen羊毛的;羊毛制的;golden金的;wooden木制的;frighten恐吓-ent/-ant pleasant令人愉快的;dependent依赖的;different不同的-ern表示“方向的” eastern东方的;southern南方的;northern北方的western西方的-ese表示“某国人的” Chinese中国人的;Japanese日本人的-ful beautiful美丽的;careful小心的;powerful强大的;colorful多彩的-ing moving 感动的;encouraging 鼓舞人心的;exciting令人激动的;interesting有趣的-(ic)al electric/electrical 电的;historic有历史性的;economical经济的;political政治的;scientific科学的-ish childish孩子气的;selfish自私的;womanish像女人的;bookish书呆子气的-ive active积极的,collective集体的 ;decisive决定性的;native本国的-less 表示“否定” careless 粗心的;useless 无用的;hopeless希望渺茫的;countless不可数的;helpless无助的-like表示“像……的” girllike像女孩一样的;boylike像男孩一样的;motherlike像母亲一样的-ly friendly友好的;yearly每年的;monthly每月的,weekly每周的;lovely可爱的;lively活泼的-ous famous著名的;continuous连续不断的;delicious可口的-some handsome英俊的,大方的;gladsome愉快的;tiresome疲惫的;lonesome孤独的-(t)y thirsty口渴的;noisy喧闹的;healthy健康的-y 表示“天气” snowy雪的;rainy下雨的;cloudy多云的;dusty多尘的【注意】后缀词-ing与-ed的区别:加-ing的后缀词形容词主语一般为物,表示“令人……的”;加-ed的后缀词形容词,主语一般为人,表示“某人感到……”。如:The movie was very interesting. All of us were interested in it. 那部电影很有趣。我们所有的人都对它感兴趣。(interesting指的是电影有兴趣,而interested指的是人对电影感兴趣)(4)构成副词的常用后缀有后 缀 例 词-ly主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度 angrily生气地;slowly慢慢地,beautifully美丽地;terribly可怕地-ward(s) 主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向 towards朝……,向……;eastward向东方地;backwards向后退地;upwards向上地;westward向西地;homeward向家去地-wise otherwise否则;likewise同样地;clockwise顺时针方向地;(5)构成数词的后缀有后 缀 例 词-teen (十几) thirteen三十;fourteen十四;fifteen十五;sixteen十六;eighteen十八;nineteen十九-ty (几十) twenty二十;thirty三十;forty四十;fifty五十;sixty六十;eighty八十nine→ninety九十-th (构成序数词) fifth第五; sixth第六;sixteenth第十六;fortieth第四十;twenty-first第二十一考点三 合成法1.合成名词⑴名词+名词:weekend周末; ⑵名词+动词:daybreak黎明;⑶动名词+名词:reading-room阅览室; ⑷代词+名词:she-wolf母狼;⑸动词+名词:typewriter打字机; ⑹名词+及物动词+er/or:pain-killer止痛药;⑺形容词+名词:gentleman绅士; ⑻介词+名词:afternoon下午;⑼现在分词+名词:flying-fish飞鱼; ⑽副词+动词:outbreak爆发;⑾名词+动名词:handwriting书法; ⑿名词+介词+名词:editor-in-chief总编辑;2.合成形容词⑴名词+形容词 snow-white雪白的 ⑵名词+现在分词 English-speaking讲英语的⑶名词+to+名词 face-to-face面对面的 ⑷名词+过去分词 man-made人造的⑸数词+名词 one-way单行的 ⑹数词+名词+形容词 two-year-old两岁的⑺数词+名词+ed five-storeyed五层的 ⑻动词+副词 see-through透明的⑼形容词+名词 high-class高级的 ⑽形容词+名词+ed noble-minded高尚的⑾形容词+形容词 light-blue浅蓝色的 ⑿形容词+现在分词 good-looking相貌好看的⒀副词+形容词 ever-green常青的 ⒁副词+现在分词 hard-working勤劳的⒂副词+过去分词 well-known著名的 ⒃副词+名词 fast-food专门提供快餐服务的⒄介词+名词 downhill下坡的合成动词⑴ 名词+动词sleep-walk梦游 ⑵ 形容词+动词white-wash粉刷 ⑶ 副词+动词overthrow推翻合成副词⑴ 形容词+名词hotfoot匆忙地 ⑵ 形容词+副词everywhere到处⑶ 副词+副词however尽管如此 ⑷介词+名词beforehand事先⑸介词+副词forever永远合成代词⑴ 代词宾格+self herself她自己 ⑵ 物主代词+self myself我自己⑶ 形容词+名词anything任何东西合成介词⑴副词+名词inside在……里面 ⑵介词+副词within在……之内 ⑶副词+介词into进入考点四 截短法(缩略法)截短法,即将单词缩写,词义和词性保持不变,主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。1.截头:telephone→phone; aeroplane→plane; omnibus→bus2.去尾:mathematics→maths; co-operate→co-op; examination→exam; kilogram→kilo;laboratory→lab; taxicab→taxi; Monday→Mon.; January→Jan.3.截头去尾:influenza→flu; refrigerator→fridge; prescription→script考点五 混合法(混成法)混合法是将两个词混合或各取一部分紧缩而成一个新词。后半部分表示主体;前半部分表示属性。如:news broadcast→newscast新闻广播;television broadcast→telecast电视播送;smoke and fog→smog烟雾;helicopter airport→heliport直升飞机场。考点六 首尾字母缩略法首尾字母缩略法,即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式,即各字母分别读音;作为一个单词读音。如:very important person →VIP (读字母音)要人;大人物;television →TV (读字母音)电视;Testing of English as a Foreign Language →TOEFL托福;North Atlantic Treaty Organization →Nato北大西洋公约组织;save our ship →SOS 国际呼救信号; World Trade Organization →WTO世界贸易组织初中词形变化综合一.动词变为名词21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)1.clean→ 清洁工2.cook→ 炊具3.dance→ 跳舞者4.drive→ 司机;驾驶员5.jump→ 跳高运动员6.lead→ 领袖;领导人7.own→ 物主;所有人8.play→ 比赛者;选手9.read→ 读者10.run→ 赛跑的人11.sell→ 卖者;销售者12.sing→ 歌唱家;歌手13.speak→ 演讲人;演说家14.swim→ 游泳者17.teach→ 教师16.travel→ 旅行者17.wait→ 侍者;服务员18.wash→ 洗衣机19. win→ 获胜者20.work→ 工人21.write→ 作家22.act→ 演员23. direct→ 主任;导演24. invent→ 发明家;创造者25. visit→ 访问者;参观者26.act→ 行动;行为;动作municate→ 交际;交往;通讯28. direct→ 方向;方位29.introduce→ 引进;介绍30.invent→ 发明物;创造物31.produce→ 生产;产品32.pronounce→ 发音33.suggest→ 建议34.attract→ 吸引35.conclude→ 结论pete→ 竞争,比赛37.educate→ 教育38.express→ 表达39.graduate → 毕业40.operate → 操作,手术41.organize→ 组织42.invite→ 邀请43.pollute→ 污染44.permit→ 允许45.agree→ 同意;一致;协定46.develop→ 发展;开发47.achieve→ 成就,完成48.argue→ 争吵49.advertise→ 广告50. discuss→ 讨论;辩论51.decide→ 决定;决心52. begin→ 开始;开端53. breathe→ 呼吸54. build→ 建筑物55.cross→ 十字路口;交叉处56.cook→ 煮饭;烧菜57.feel→ 感情;感觉58.mean→ 意思;含义59.meet→ 会;集会60.park→ 停车场61.shop→ 买东西62. skate→ 滑冰;溜冰63.swim→ 游泳64.train→ 培训65. turn→ (路的)转弯处66.wash→ 洗;洗涤67.bathe → 洗澡68.end → 结尾,结局69.say→ 谚语70. advise→ 忠告;劝告;建议71.enter→ 入口;门口;进口72.appear→ 外貌 ,出现73.perform→ 演出74.serve→ 服务75.know→ 知识;学问76.live→ 生活;生命77. breathe→ 气息;呼78.die→ 死79. discover→ 发现80. please→ 愉快;高兴81. marry→ 结婚;婚姻82.sing→ 歌曲;歌唱83.succeed→ 成功84.sit→ 座位85.thank→ 谢谢86.weigh→ 重;重量87.behave→ 行为,举止88.fly→ 飞行89.heat→ 热量90.press → 压力91.tour → 游客二.动词变为形容词1.close→ 关着的2.excite→ 兴奋的;激动的3.interest→ 感兴趣的;注意的4.please→ 高兴的5.surprise→ 惊奇的;诧异的6.use→ 用过的;旧的;二手的7.worry→ 烦恼的;忧虑的8.break→ 弄坏的;坏的9.enjoy→ 愉快的;有趣的10. excite→ 令人激动的11. interest→ 有趣的12.follow→ 接着的;以下的13. miss→ 失去的;失踪的14. relax→ 放松的15. sleep→ 熟睡的;睡着的16.wake→ 醒着的17. die→ 死的;无生命的18. lose→ 丢失的三.名词变为形容词1.care→ 小心的;仔细的2.care→ 粗心的3.colour→ 颜色丰富的;艳丽的4.help→ 有帮助的;有益的5.success→ 成功的;有成就的6.use→ 有用的;有益的7.use→ 无用的8.hope→ 无希望的9.thank→ 感谢的,感激的10.beauty→ 美丽的11.wonder→ 精彩的,优秀的12.forget→ 健忘的13.cloud→ 多云的;阴天的14.fun→ 有趣的;滑稽可笑的15.health→ 健康的;健壮的16.luck→ 运气好的;侥幸的17.noise→ 嘈杂的;喧闹的18.rain→ 下雨的;多雨的19.sleep→ 困倦的;瞌睡的20.snow→ 下雪的;多雪的21.sun→ 晴朗的;阳光充足的22.wind→ 有风的;风大的23.south→ 南方的;南部的24.north→ 北方的;北部的25.east→ 东方的;东部的26.west→ 西方的;西部的27.gold→ 金(黄)色的28.danger→ 危险的29.humour→ 富于幽默的30.medicine→ 医学的;医疗的31.nature→ 自然的32. person→ 个人的;私人的33.post→ 邮政的;邮局的34.society→ 社会的;社交的35.friend→ 友好的36.love→ 活泼的;充满生气的37.day→ 日常的38.America→ 美国(人)的39.Asia→ 亚洲(人)的40.Australia→ 澳大利亚(人)的41.Canada→ 加拿大(人)的42.Europe→ 欧洲(人)的43.India→ 印度(人)的44.Russia→ 俄国(人)的45.China→ 中国(人)的46.Japan→ 日本(人)的47.England→ 英国(人)的四.形容词变为名词1.busy→ 事务;商业;生意2.ill→ 病;疾病3.happy→ 幸福;快乐4.weak→ 虚弱5.kind→ 善良,友善6. good→ 良好7. careless→ 粗心8.dead→ 死9. true→ 真理;事实10.warm→ 温暖11.young→ 年轻,青春12. different→ 不同13.important→ 重要14.dependent→ 依赖,信任15.silent→ 安静;沉默16. foreign→ 外国人17.strange→ 陌生人18. difficult→ 困难19. social→ 社会20. safe→ 安全21.polite→ 礼貌22. friendly→ 友谊;友情23. popular→ 普及;流行五.形容词变为副词1.angry→ 生气地;发怒地2.bad→ 严重地;恶劣地3.bright→ 明亮地4.careful→ 小心地;仔细地5.clear→ 清楚地:清晰地6.easy→ 容易地7.final→ 最后;最终8.happy→ 幸福地;快乐地9.healthy→ 健康地;健壮地10.heavy→ 猛烈地11.high→ 高度地;很;非常12.kind→ 亲切地;诚恳地13.loud→ 大声地14.lucky→ 运气好地15. most→ 主要地;多半;通常16.near→ 将近;几乎17.noisy→ 喧闹地18.polite→ 有礼貌地19. quick→ 快;快速地20. quiet→ 安静地;平静地21. real→ 真正地;确实地22.sad→ 悲伤地;悲哀地23. safe→ 安全地;平安地24. slow→ 慢慢地25.strong→ 强有力地;强烈地26.successful→ 成功地27.sudden→ 突然地28.usual→ 通常地;惯常地29.wide→ 广泛地;广阔地30. good→ 好;令人满意地31.busy→ 匆忙地32. true→ 真实地33.terrible→ 可怕地34.possible→ 可能地六.形容词与副词同形1.early→ 早先的;早期的;早地2.enough→ 足够的(地)3.fast→ 快的(地);迅速的(地)4.far→ 远的;远地5.first→ 第一;首次;最初6. hard→ 硬的;困难的;努力地7.high→ 高的;高度的;高地8.late→ 迟的;晚地;迟地9. much→ 许多的;大量的;大量地10. right→ 对的;正确的;正确地七.短暂性动词和延续性动词的转换1.arrive/come→2.begin/start→3.borrow/lend→4.buy→5.close→6. die→7. fall asleep→8. finish/end→9. get up→10. join→11.leave/move→12. open→专题训练一.根据句子意思,用括号中所给英语单词的适当形式填空。(A)1. Even a child knows September is the ______ month of a year.(nine)2. Our notebook computer ______ 5 pounds and costs about $2,000.(weigh)3. Yesterday I ______ a new dress at the Macy’s for my mum.(buy)4. I didn’t want to be treated ______ from anyone else.(different)5. She was ______ in the kitchen when the light went out.(serve)(B)1. He ______ (be) a volunteer in Ya-an, Sichuan since the earthquake happened.2. Mr. Jiang is a learned person, and he has lots of ______ (know).3. The little girl is very kind and she always talks to people ______ (polite).4. All the _____ (village) living conditions have greatly in recent years.5. My teacher did what he could ______ (make) his class lively.(C)1. How __________(care) you are! You’ve knocked the cup off the table again!2. Jason didn’t hear the ring, for he_________(water) the flowers in the back yard.3. Does Gold Theatre have___________(comfort) seats of the five in your city 4. Now Mom feels much better after taking the _________(medical).5. A little bird__________(fly) in through the open window and she set it free at once.(D)1. At weekends, Nancy enjoys ______ (read) comic books at home.2. —Wild animals are our friends. —I agree with you. We must ______ (treat) them with kindness.3. —Where is Petr from —He is French, if I remember ______ (correct).4. —This pair of shoes is too tight. Could I try a pair in a ______ (big) size —Of course. Here you are.5. —Paul, please e-mail me those ______ (professor) weekly reports as soon as possible. —OK! No problem.6. Stephen is a member of an ______ (organize) which protects rivers and lakes in China.(E)1. The Internet is _______ (wide) used in most families in our country today.2. This e-dictionary doesn’t belong to ________ (I). It’s Sandy’s.3. ________ (child) Day is my favourite festival in the year.4. I think this problem is much ________ (easy) than that one.5. I’m looking forward to ________ (meet) my old friend, Jim, this Sunday.6. We won’t go for a picnic if it ________ (rain) this weekend.7. It’s necessary for us ________ (understand) the importance of health care.8. A year ________ (divide) into twelve different star signs in some Western countries.(F)1. A large number of _____ (foreign) visit Guizhou province these years.2. Thank goodness! The letter I was looking forward to _____ (reach) me at last.3. Hainan Island is a ______ (wonder) place to spend summer.4. The dinner room must _____ (clean) three times a day.5. My cousin is used to _______ (study) with his new friends in Australia.二.语法填空1.(2023连云港)It is (有意义的) to do a survey on how to go green to the community. 2.(2023南京建邺二模)The news that the giant panda Ya Ya returned to China made us really (excite). 3.(2023南京秦淮二模)Wu Yibing is quite (humour) in daily life, especially during his interviews. 4.(2023扬州三模)I have always dreamed of going horse riding on the grassland in Inner Mongolia. (end) 5.(2023无锡二模)We all hope to live in a less (pollute) world, so it’s time for us to go green now. 6.(2023无锡经开区二模)Could you share your (person) experience in Volunteer Camp with me I’m quite interested in this activity. 7.(2022扬州)A competitive spirit can push people to try to be better. (health) 8.(2022镇江)Millie is interested in Biology, and she often records the (nature) beauty in the park. 9.(2023云南)Good ideas sometimes start with a silly question.(real) 10.(2023扬州江都二模)Look! click on it, and you can learn about the history of the city. (simple) 11.(2022扬州)Let me repeat what he just said. (exact) 12.(2022镇江)The machine was repaired last Saturday. Now it is running (smooth). 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 人教版2025年中考英语总复习专题11构词法精讲(学生版).docx 人教版2025年中考英语总复习专题11构词法精讲(教师版).docx