资源简介

(共23张PPT)
人教版（2019）选择性必修四
Unit 4 Sharing
Learning About Language
Build up your vocabulary
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
spell the words that you have learnt correctly;
use the words that you have learnt to complete a passage;
divide some words into groups and add more words to the groups;
enhance your awareness of volunteer work.
Learning objectives
_ A _ C _ R
_ _ S _ R _ _ M
P _ R _ _ L
F O _ E _ _ _ D
C _ _ C _ S
S _ C _ _ D _ _ _
_ O _ S I N _
S U E
W
A
H
O
O
A
C
E
R
R
H
E
A
I
U
E
O
N
A
R
Y
H
U
G
_ A _ L
J _ M
K _ _ _ L E
C O _ _ _ N
T _ _ L _ T
_ _ B B _ _
C _ _ R U _
M
I
A
E
T
T
T
T
O
A
B
E
R
U
E
R
H
O
S
Hidden message: _____________________
SHARING MATTERS
Complete the word puzzle with words from the blog entries. Can you find the hidden message
Xu Yuan, a 52-year-old Chinese volunteer in Ghana, was interviewed on a TV programme. According to Xu, the _______ conditions in Ghana are not that bad. However, she admitted that she once had a memorable experience plugging holes in her roof in order to keep the rain out. Xu said, “Actually, I don’t really care about my living conditions. The only thing that has made me uncomfortable has been the _____ of hot water.” She regrets not bringing a ______ to Ghana to boil the water she needs. Some of the medicine she has brought with her works better with hot water. But any discomfort is _________ to helping the needy, she believes. Xu enjoys her volunteer experience and considers it a good opportunity to _____ herself out of her comfort zone and to explore the world. “One of my dreams is to work in Africa and continue to help the disabled after I resign from my job. I think everyone deserves the _____ to be happy.” she said.
Xu Yuan is a volunteer in Ghana. What does she think of the country and experience Complete the passage with the words below.
lack secondary housing right drag kettle
housing
lack
kettle
secondary
drag
right
vt. 封堵；补足 n. 堵塞物；插头；插座
adj. 有残疾的；丧失能力的
vi. & vt. 辞职；辞去
vt. 值得；应得；应受
加纳（国家名）
Divide the following words into groups. Explain how you have grouped them. Then add more words to the groups.
jam laptop knee bacon textbook tablet paper rubber
jaw wrinkle forehead saucer kettle pan jar grill
corn cup leftover pencil muscle sweets
Food
jam, bacon, corn, leftover, sweets, apple, cabbage, carrot, honey, pork, beef, potatoes ...
High-tech
laptop, tablet, computer, solar power generator, robot, smartphone, 3D printer ...
Human body
knee, jaw, wrinkle, forehead, muscle, bone, eye, neck, finger, heart, lung, foot ...
Cooking and eating
saucer, kettle, pan, jar, grill, cup, spoon, fork, chopsticks, knife, bowl, plate ...
School supplies
textbook, paper, rubber, pencil, notebook, pen, crayon, ruler, marker, bookshelf, glue, scissors ...
I would donate more extra-curricular books, as these can be hard to get in poor rural areas; and school supplies, such as pens and paper, because these are another practical things that perhaps they cannot easily afford.
Imagine you are going to donate three things to poor children in the countryside. What will you donate and why
Suggested Answer
Discover useful structures
Learning objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
identify the phrases in the sentences and state their functions;
use phrases flexibly in real-life situations;
use phrases in writing to increase the description of details and enrich the content of the text.
Identify the phrases in the following sentences and state their functions. Mark noun phrases as NP, verb phrases VP, adverbial phrases AdvP, adjective phrases AdjP, and prepositional phrases PrepP.
EXAMPLE
My secondary school is a bush school.
I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it’s always nice to get mail!
More importantly, she was my best friend.
Tombe’s father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkle forehead, led us to his house.
He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau (sweet potato), ripe corn, and greens.
Later, I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire.
My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.
VP (predicate)
NP (object)
AdjP (predicative)
VP (real subject)
NP (subject)
NP (predicative)
VP(predicate)
NP (object)
AdvP (adverbial)
NP (subject)
NP (appositive)
PrepP (attributive)
PrepP(adverbial)
NP (object)
PrepP (adverbial)
PrepP (adverbial)
NP (object)
AdvP(adverbial)
PrepP(adverbial)
PrepP(adverbial)
NP (subject)
VP (predicate)
NP (subject)
VP (predicate)
AdvP(adverbial)
PrepP (adverbial)
一、名词短语 (Noun Phrases)
短语
Grammar
构成 功能 例子
1. 冠词+名词 2. 形容词+名词 3. 名词+名词 4. 名词+and+名词 5. 名词+介词短语 6. 名词 +不定式（短语） 7. 动词-ing形式+名词 在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、状语 a boy
well-behaved volunteers
bus stop
men and women
a solution to the question
the meeting to be held tomorrow
swimming pool
二、形容词短语 (Adjective Phrases)
构成 功能 例子
1. 形容词+and/but +形容词 2. 副词+形容词 3. 形容词+介词 4. 形容词+不定式 在句中作表语、定语、宾语补足语或状语 traditional and modern
extremely convinced
full of, different from
eager to share
多个形容词修饰同一名词时的顺序： 限定词（冠词、数词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格）+数量形容词（序数词、基数词）+一般性描绘形容词+大小、长短、高低、形状+新旧、老幼、温度+颜色+国籍、出处+材料+用途、类别+被修饰名词 三、副词短语 (Adverb Phrases)
构成 功能 例子
1. 副词+and/but+副词 2. 副词+副词 3. very/quite/a lot/a little+副词 4. 副词+enough 在句中可修饰动词、形容词、副词和介词等，表示时间、地点、方式等，用作表语、定语、宾语补足语 again and again
extremely rapidly
quite well
clearly enough
四、动词短语 (Verb Phrases)
构成 功能 例子
1. 动词+副词 2. 动词+介词 3. 动词+副词+介词 4. 动词+名词 5. 动词+名词+介词 6. be+形容词+介词 在句中作谓语 break down
get into
catch up with
make an apology
take care of
be curious about
五、介词短语 (Preposition Phrases)
构成 功能 例子
1. at+名词 2. beyond+名词 3. by+名词 4. in+名词 5. of+名词 6. on+名词 7. out of+名词 8. under+名词 9. with+名词 在句中作表语、状语、定语、宾语补足语 at a loss
beyond control
by chance
in cash
of value
on business
out of danger
under discussion
with pleasure
China has offered _________________________ to many countries in its Belt and Road Initiative. In the Congo, many _______________ have been transformed into ______________________ since then. Trains run _______________ Europe from China, and to China from Europe, bringing new jobs and opportunities to both ends. Chinese healthcare workers have also been sent to provide aid to places _____________________. Despite all the difficulties involved in this project, these efforts have been greeted with ____________ support from the locals.
Practice
Complete the passage with the phrases below in their proper forms.
beautiful modern road a chorus of dusty track
straight towards a large amount of investment with dangerous disease
a large amount of investment
dusty tracks
beautiful modern roads
straight towards
with dangerous diseases
a chorus of
刚果（国家名）
_________________________
_______________ ago, my wife and I _______________ a gift catalogue for people _______________ and invited each of our kids to choose something that we could buy _______________. When we handed the list to our nine-year-old daughter, we expected her to choose a toilet or a sewing machine or something similar. But instead, she thought it through _______________ and chose “village development package”, which was worth _______________ $5,000. _______________were surprised and ashamed, as our daughter’s generosity really challenged our finances and pushed the limits of our generosity_______________.
Finish the story with the phrases in the box. Then give a title to it. (Workbook P83-1)
Both Jo and I up to in their names as well
A couple of years pulled out pretty seriously in need
Challenged to Give
A couple of years
pulled out
in need
in their names
pretty seriously
up to
Both Jo and I
as well
1. Jenny was a bit nervous when she heard the exciting news that she had been selected as an overseas
volunteer for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, since she had no concept of what she would be needed to do.
Jenny was nervous when she heard that she had been selected as an overseas volunteer.
2. Yesterday, the local police announced, “Suspected of murdering seven people, two men at large for
almost forty years were arrested on Monday at last”.
Yesterday, the local police announced, “two men were arrested”.
3. Walking down the dusty track, we constantly came across elderly people with wrinkled foreheads
working in the fields without batting an eye at the passers-by.
We constantly came across elderly people.
4. The Chinese soldiers, who are dressed in neat green army uniforms, have been making a great difference
in war-stricken districts, where life has been turned upside down.
The Chinese soldiers have been making a great difference.
Underline the phrases in the sentences below. Then delete some of the phrases to make the sentences shorter and see how the meanings have changed. (Workbook P83-2)
As I Grew Older
Read the poem below and analyse the use of phrases. How do these phrases express feelings (Workbook P83-3)
I am black.
I lie down in the shadow.
No longer the light of my dream before me,
Above me.
Only the thick wall.
Only the shadow.
My hands!
My dark hands!
Break through the wall!
Find my dream!
Help me to shatter this darkness,
To smash this night,
To break this shadow
Into a thousand lights of sun,
Into a thousand whirling dreams
Of sun!
by Langston Hughes
It was a long time ago.
I have almost forgotten my dream.
But it was there then,
In front of me,
Bright like a sun —
My dream.
And then the wall rose,
Rose slowly,
Slowly,
Between me and my dream.
Rose slowly, slowly,
Dimming,
Hiding,
The light of my dream.
Rose until it touched the sky —
The wall.
Shadow.
They express the feeling of joy, as if his dream is as bright as a sun.
They express the feeling of sadness, as now his life is in darkness.
They express the feeling of power and determination to change his life.
If you are interested in volunteering, please speak to our representative online.
Imagine you are an editor of a volunteer website. Add phrases to the following advertisement to make it more exciting.
Improving Health in Guinea
In order to ease suffering in Guinea, volunteers are needed to provide healthcare information. As a volunteer, you will be responsible for organising lectures, preparing posters, and visiting schools and families. There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories. The programme will last for one year or more, depending on your performance.
You need to be over 18 and able to communicate in English. You don’t need to have overseas experience, but you should be friendly and outgoing.
Improving Health in Guinea
In order to ease suffering in Guinea from a lack of doctors and good healthcare advice, volunteers with a heart to help others are needed to provide healthcare information to people in rural villages. As a volunteer, you will be responsible for organising lectures, preparing posters, and visiting schools and families throughout the southern part of the nation. There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories for the rest of your life. The programme will last for one year or more, depending on your performance.
You need to be over 18 and able to communicate well both in spoken and written English (or in French). You don’t need to have overseas experience, but you should be friendly and outgoing with a wonderful smile.
If you are interested in volunteering, please speak to our representative online.
I think everyone deserves the right to be happy. (P40)
我认为每个人都应该有幸福的权利。
deserve /d z v/ vt. 值得；应得；应受
搭配
deserve to do sth 应该做某事
deserve doing/to be done 值得……
例句
Books are a source of inspiration and deserve to take a certain place in your home.
书是灵感的源泉，应该在你家里占有一席之地。
His children’s books are classics that deserve to be much better known.
他的儿童书非常经典，应该为更多人所知晓。
Language points
Homework
Review the vocabulary that you have learnt in this unit.
Write a passage about your volunteering experience using as many noun/adjective/adverb/verb/ prepositional phrases as possible.

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