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(共24张PPT)
Unit 3 The Internet
Discovering Useful Structures
Lead-in 歌词中的语法，你发现了吗？
Goodbye to you my trusted friend
别了朋友，我的挚友
We've know each other since we were nine or ten
我们已相识很久，那时我们还是孩子
Together we've climbed hills and trees
我们曾一起爬过无数山丘、树丛
Learned of love and ABC's
一起学会了爱，还有许多等等
Skinned our hearts and skinned our knees
也曾一起伤过心，一起破过皮
Goodbye my friend it's hard to die
别了，我的朋友，友情是不死的 .
Lead-in 歌词中的语法，你发现了吗？
Goodbye to you my trusted friend
别了朋友，我的挚友
We've know each other since we were nine or ten
我们已相识很久，那时我们还是孩子
Together we've climbed hills and trees
我们曾一起爬过无数山丘、树丛
Learned of love and ABC's
一起学会了爱，还有许多等等
Skinned our hearts and skinned our knees
也曾一起伤过心，一起破过皮
Goodbye my friend it's hard to die
别了，我的朋友，友情是不死的 .
Lead-in 歌词中的语法，你发现了吗？
Goodbye to you my trusted friend
别了朋友，我的挚友
We've known each other since we were nine or ten
我们已相识很久，那时我们还是孩子
Together we've climbed hills and trees
我们曾一起爬过无数山丘、树丛
Learned of love and ABC's
一起学会了爱，还有许多等等
Skinned our hearts and skinned our knees
也曾一起伤过心，一起破过皮
Goodbye my friend it's hard to die
别了，我的朋友，友情是不死的.
练习
1.His first novel ___________(receive) good reviews since it came out last month.
2.I got caught in the rain and my suit _____(damage).
3.This is the first time we ________ a film in the cinema together as a family.
has received
has been damaged
have seen
现在完成时
主动： 被动：
1) 动作或状态从过去开始,一直持续到现在, 常与下列时间状语连用: so far, up to now, up till now, by now, recently, lately, in recent years; (ever) since+一般过去时, in / during / over the past / last... years/months/days/weeks, over the years
1.His first novel has received good reviews since it came out last month.
2) 动作或状态发生在过去,但对现在有影响或结果
2.I got caught in the rain and my suit has been damaged.
have/has done
have/has been done
现在完成时
主动： 被动：
3) 固定句型:It / This / That is the first (second, third…) time that… +现在完成时，表示“第几次做某事”
3.This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.
have/has done
have/has been done
肯定式： S+have/has+V-过去分词(done)
否定式： S+have/has+not+V-过去分词...
一般问句： Have/Has+S+V-过去分词...
特殊疑问句： 疑问词+have/has+S+V-过去分词...
现在完成时的基本结构
the buildings,
destroy,
earthquake
The buildings have been destroyed by the earthquake.
Look at the pictures, first list some key words, then make up sentences using the present perfect passive voice.
提示
常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：
already 已经 yet 已经
recently/lately 最近 since then 从那时起
ever since 自那以来 ever 曾经
so far 迄今为止 by now 到现在为止
for a long time 很长一段时间
in recent years 在最近几年里
in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里
现在完成时的被动语态
You have slain an enemy.
Your team has destroyed the turret.
slay – slew - slain
have/ has done
have/ has been done
An ally has been slain.
An enemy has been slain.
You have been slain.
Your turret has been destroyed.
现在完成时
现在完成时的被动语态
防御塔
杀死
敌人
盟友
slay-slain-slain
思考：什么时候用被动语态
语态用来表示主语与谓语之间的关系，它是动词的一种形式。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
不知道动作的执行者
没有必要指出动作的执行者
强调动作的承受者
Present perfect passive voice
1. Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
2. People’s lives have been changed by online communities and social
networks.
3. Many people have been helped by the club.
4. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet.
5. The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery last longer.
6. Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed
7. Has the button been pressed yet to copy the file
8. An identity card has been lost.
思考：现在完成时的被动语态有什么意义？
Present perfect passive voice
主语和谓语是被动的关系：
表示动作从过去一直持续到现在，有可能还会继续进行
动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果
例句 现在完成时被动语态句式
The research has been done successfully.
The author’s new story has not been published.
Has his washing machine been repaired
Who has been invited
肯定式：have / has been done
否定式：have / has not been done
一般疑问句：把have / has提到主语的前面
特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问词 + have / has been done
Present perfect passive voice
总 结
1. 现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性的动作，动作已完成并强调对现在造成的影响或结果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系。
例：
The door has already been locked.
门早已经被锁上了。
I have been employed at the job since 2015.
自从2015年，我就做这份工作。
现在完成时的被动语态
总 结
2．基本构成：has/have been done。
其他句式：
肯定式 主语＋have/has been done...
否定式 主语＋have/has not been done...
一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...
特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...
现在完成时的被动语态
总 结
现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态
只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
例：Tom has sold out all the magazines. → All the magazines have been sold out by Tom.
带有双宾语的动词，如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, pay, lend, pass, promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。
We have given him the book.
→ He has been given the book.
→ The book has been given to him.
现在完成时的被动语态
总 结
带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。
例：After decorating the Amber Room with jewels, the artists have made it more splendid.
→ After being decorated with jewels, the Amber Room has been made more splendid.
注意：带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，若宾语补足语为省略to的不定式充当时，在被动语态中需将省掉的to加上。
例：The boss has made his company offer more chances for people to work.
→ His company has been made to offer more chances for people to work.
动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。
例：It’s said that the problem has been looked into.
现在完成时的被动语态
1. Both learning sites ___________________ (visit) by over 10,000
people since last year.
2. Great changes ___________________ (take place) in my
hometown and a lot of factories _________________ (set up).
3. This keyboard ____________________ (not use) for a long time.
即学即练
have been visited
have taken place
have been set up
has not been used
Present perfect passive voice
4. In the past few years, I __________________ (inspire) to
buy e-books instead of paper books.
5. Till now, three films _______________ (show) in that
small village this month.
have been inspired
have been shown
即学即练
Present perfect passive voice
1. The building has set up for several years.
2. The windows have been broke.
3. A terrible thing has been happened to her.
4. Jim has caught by the police.
been
broken
been
Present perfect passive voice
改错：
即学即练
1. 用现在完成时的被动语态改写、翻译句子
①Jack’s boss has always praised him for his devotion to work.
Jack ___________________________ by his boss for his devotion to work.
②They have found a good place to build a temple in the village.
A good place to build a temple in the village ___________________ .
③We haven’t yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem.
How to solve that difficult technological problem ___________________ yet.
④当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。
I will go home when my homework _________________.
⑤纸币已被使用了1000多年了。
Paper money _________________ for over one thousand years．
has always been praised
hasn’t been decided
has been found
巩固强化
has been finished
has been used
2. 将下面句子变为被动语态
①I have asked her to help you．
→________________________________________________________
②We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years．
→________________________________________________________
③He has sent me an e mail．
→________________________________________________________
→________________________________________________________
She has been asked by me to help you.
Many trees have been planted on the hill by us in the last 5 years.
I have been sent an e-mail by him.
An e-mail has been sent to me by him.
巩固强化
Thank you!

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