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高考英语语法填空的12个解题技巧
高考语法填空要求考生阅读一篇200词左右的语篇，在文中10个空处填入正确的词。语法填空能全面考查考生英语词汇、语法、逻辑关系、综合素养和综合理解等能力。
真题重现
（2024·新高考卷语法填空）
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England.
（2024·新高考卷II语法填空）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___37___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers.
___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
命题特点：
1. 选材：体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，话题聚焦考生语言能力、文化意识和思维品质三大学科核心素养。
2. 命题形式：共10空，每空1.5分，总分15分，其中无提示词3-4空，有提示词6-7空。
3. 考点设置：考查考生词汇、语法、逻辑关系、综合素养和综合理解等能力。
数据佐证
近四年I卷语法填空考点对比：
年份 有提示词 无提示词
谓语动词 非谓语动词 词性转换 代词 冠词 介词 从属连词 并列连词
2024 1 1 4 1 1 1
2023 0 4 2 1 1 1 0 1
2022 2 2 2 0 1 0 2 1
2021 1 2 3 1 1 0 1 1
近四年II卷语法填空考点对比：
年份 有提示词 无提示词
谓语动词 非谓语动词 词性转换 代词 名词 冠词 介词 从属连词 并列连词
2024 2 3 2 1 1 1
2023 1 1 3 0 1 1 1 1 1
2022 2 2 2 1 0 1 0 2 1
2021 1 2 3 1 0 1 0 1 1
技巧指路
技巧一：冠词、介词和代词
冠词（泛指a/an, 特指the）; 常用的介词(with, without, in, on, from, at, by, as...) ; 代词（人称代词/物主代词/反身代词/it的用法）
1.（2024年新高考I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ______ first time.
考查定冠词。for the first time，意思是“第一次” ，固定搭配。
2.Jackie likes to drive at _______ high speed．
考查不定冠词。at a high speed，意思是“以高速”开车，固定搭配。
3.The king decided to see the painter by________(he).
考查代词。根据句意，介词by后面应填反身代词himself。
技巧二：名词形式变化
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
1.（2024年新高考I卷）These plants included modern Western ______ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel.
考查名词形式。此处favourite作名词用，意思是“特别喜欢的人或物”，用复数形式favourites。
There are many students living at school，the__(child) houses are all far from schoo1．
考查名词所有格。由many students可以判断空处应填复数，且作定语修饰 houses，所以填名词复数的所有格形式children’s。
3.（2024年新高考II卷） Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common _______(theme) within their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.
考查名词单复数。此处theme作名词，意思是“主题”，用复数形式。
技巧三：词性和词义的转换
1.（2024年新高考I卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective ______ (function) structure that is also beautiful.
考查词性变化。此处形容词functional作定语，修饰名词structure。
2.The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the ______ (rich) of gardening in England.
考查词性变化。此处and连接richness 和 glory两个并列名词。
3.（2024年新高考II卷）Those stable cultural legacies have brought Stratford international _ 62 _(visible) said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Shakespeare Birthplace garden were often intrigued to find the connection between those two literary giants.
考查词性变化。international为形容词，修饰名词，visible的名词为 visibility，意思是“能见度”或“知名度”。
技巧四：形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
形容词和副词构成比较级和最高级的方式，一般+ er和est; 以y结尾，y前面是辅音，y改i+ er和est; 多音节词+ more／less和most／least，形容词的最高级冠词the不可省，副词最高级冠词the可省。特殊的比较级和最高级如good -better-best 等，在平时学习中积累。
I am_____(tall) than Li Hua．He is the tallest students in my class．
考查比较级。根据句意Li Hua是班上最高的学生，所以不能用taller，只能用 “less tall”。
技巧五：词的派生
词的派生很常见，派生现象主要在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。词的派生考查对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。
Li Hua lost his wallet yesterday，So he was very______(happiness)．
考查派生词。此题有陷阱。粗看容易判断用形容词；根据句意，钱包丢了，应该是不开心的，所以要加个前缀un，填unhappy。
技巧六：动词形式变化
动词形式变化是语法填空的重中之重。有谓语的变化(时态和语态)，也有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词)。
1.（2024年新高考II卷）Some of the things that Tang was writing about ______ (be) also Shakespeare's concerns.
考查时态。主语是“Some of the things”， “that Tang was writing about”作后置定语，所以填“were”。
2.（2024年新高考I卷）The latest ______ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.
考查非谓语动词。此处engineering是动名词作定语，engineering techniques意思是“工程技术”。
（2024年新高考I卷）These sepals open on warm days ______ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays closed to protect the plants.
考查非谓语动词。此处非谓语动词不定式to give作目的状语。
4.（2024年新高考II卷）A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was installed at Shakespeare's birthplace garden in 2017.Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion，______ (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion，______ (build) at the Firs Garden, just 10 minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
考查非谓语动词和被动语态。过去分词短语“inspired by The Peony Pavilion”作“a six-meter-tall pavilion”的后置定语；主语 pavilion与 build 之间为被动关系， “亭子被建造”，所以填被动语态“was built”。
技巧七：主谓一致
动名词、不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。主语后接with，together with，as well as，like，but，except，along with，rather than，including，in addition to等，谓语动词要与前面的主语保持一致。what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果表语是复数名词，则谓语动词用复数形式。What the children needs are books.
（2024年新高考I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ______(walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
考查主谓一致。此处"walk sb through sth" 意思是“引导完成某事”。主语the Silk Route Garden 为单数，所以填walks。
技巧八：并列连词和关联短语
常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等。常用的关联短语有both…and...，either…or...，neither…nor...，not only…but also...等。
（2024年新高考II卷）Recalling watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard ll in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, "It was very thrilling to hear the Chinese language ______ to see how Tang's play was being performed.
考查连词。and连接两个并列成分“to hear the Chinese language”和“to see how Tang's play was being performed”。
技巧九：数词形式变化
数词形式变化包括基数词、序数词，序数词的单复数形式，以及one或two的特殊变化形式 once或twice等。
To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses．My eldest son shall take a half，my second son shall take a_____ (three).
考查序数词。根据句意，大儿子分得一半“a half”，二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以填序数词“third”
技巧十：固定短语搭配
固定短语搭配需要在平时的学习中积累掌握大量的词汇。有时也要对句子进行逻辑推断，找出正确的词。
1.（2024年新高考I卷）The Glasshouse stands ______ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
考查固定短语。此处stand as，意思是“作为”。此处要进行区分：stand for “代表”；stand by “袖手旁观” ；stand out “突出，显眼”。
2.（2024年新高考II卷）I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion is similar in some ways _____ Romeo and Juliet ," said Edmondson, also an honorary fellow of the Shakespeare Institute at the University of Birmingham.
查固定搭配。固定搭配“be similar to”, 意思是“与...相似”。
技巧十一：上下文中出现的相关词
根据上下文关系填入相关的词，是灵活且难度较大的考点。答案可能在本句，也可能出现在上下相连的一句，还有可能出现在上下段中。
Tony____travelling abroad，but dislikes staying home watching TV．
此处由下一句中的dislikes可以判断，此处应填反义词likes。
技巧十二：从句引导
从句是语法填空中必考的重中之重一项，包括（定语从句、宾语从句、名词性从句和状语从句等），考查语法知识的熟练运用和掌握程度。
1.（2024年新高考I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ______ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
考查定语从句。此处that或which引导定语从句。
2.（2024年新高考II卷）LONDON, April 25(Xinhua)-- Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu，______ is known as" the Shakespeare of Asia," offer an " international" character to Stafford-upon-Avon, the hometown of William Shakespeare, a Shakespeare scholar has told Xinhua.
考查定语从句。此处who引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Tang Xianzu”。who在从句中作主语，所以用“who”。
实战为王
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分 ，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traveling to China as a foreigner isn’t the simplest affair. Visa applications can be complicated, and navigating (穿梭) this highly automated society with 56 (it) own digital ecosystem can be frightening.
But things may be changing. China has been making efforts to attract international travelers by introducing more 57 (welcome) policies. The country now offers visa exemptions (免签) for dozens of nationalities, as well as 58 144-hour visa-free transit (运输) policy at a growing number of ports of entry.
Meanwhile, mobile wallet giants like Alipay and WeChat have made their apps and online 59 (pay) more foreigner-friendly by simplifying their lengthy set-up processes 60 accepting international credit cards.
Hotels and attractions are also being asked to accept international credit cards, 61 are not popular among traders in China. Some cities like Beijing have launched all-in-one 62 (pass) that allow travelers to pay for things like attraction admissions and public transit 63 (electronic).
These measures seem to be working. China welcomed about 14 million foreign visitors in the first half of 2024, a 152.7% increase from 2023. The number is still a long way off from 2019 figures, but some in the industry feel 64 (encourage).
“Thanks to the new 15-day visa-free policy for some countries, we 65 (see) an increase of tourists from those countries over the past few months,” says Denny Tian, a travel specialist and manager at The China Guide.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The new Netflix series 3 Body Problem, an adaptation of Liu Cixin’s novel The Three-Body Problem, ____56____ (win) a new wave of overseas cheers since it was on. According to reports, the series was produced with ____57____ total investment (投资) of about $160 million ____58____ became one of the most famous series in the history of Netflix.
The story focuses on scientists ____59____ (discover) an alien civilization (外星文明) on Alpha Centauri, endangered by its unstable orbit (轨道) around three suns, ____60____ is causing serious environmental problems, known as the “three-body problem”. The book, which became the first Asian novel ____61____ (receive) the Hugo Prize, has been praised ____62____ its creative ideas.
After the first season of 3 Body Problem started streaming on Netflix last week, heated discussions ____63____ (mount) on the Internet. “The novel comes with a ____64____ (complete) new imagination to remind us that we are very tiny and _____65_____ (important) within the universe,” said a reader who has given Amazon’s highest rating to the book.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。（衢州、丽水、湖州2025年4月三地市高三教学质量检测）
On January 28, 3,000 drones (无人机) performed a stunning light show in Chongqing during the Spring Festival Gala. The show, organized by Damoda Intelligent Control Technology, ___56___ (feature) patterns of famous landmarks and flowers across the night sky.
Despite challenges such as unpredictable weather and signal interference, the team, ___57___ average age is 27, delivered a flawless performance. Most of the team members specialize in drone technology, while others are enthusiasts recruited by the company.
In recent years, drone performances ___58___ (become) a major trend in pared to traditional fireworks, drones are ___59___ (safe) and less polluting. Advancements in technology have made larger-scale performances possible. Damoda’s third-generation drones are designed ___60___ (take) off from a compact box, saving space, while the fourth-generation models charge automatically. In 2023, the company set two Guinness World Records by ___61___ (fly) 10,197 drones simultaneously.
Competition is shifting from technology to creativity, as the industry grows, with a greater emphasis ___62___ storytelling and cultural elements. Beyond entertainment, drones are also fueling ___63___ low-altitude economy, with widespread use in logistics, agriculture, and emergency rescue.
___64___ is expected by industry experts, drone shows are going to become even more spectacular, with continuous technological progress. China’s drone industry continues to grow globally, setting new standards and reinforcing its ____65____ (influence) position in aerial technology.

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