资源简介 初中英语现在完成时是重要语法点,常考以下核心内容:一、基本结构 肯定句:主语 + have/has + 过去分词(如:I have finished homework) 否定句:主语 + have/has not + 过去分词(如:She hasn't eaten lunch) 疑问句:Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词?(如:Have you seen the movie )二、核心考点1. 延续性动词 vs 非延续性动词- 延续性动词(live, work, study等)常与"for/since"连用 I've learned English for 3 years.- 非延续性动词(buy, die, join等)要转换表达 误:He has joined the club for 2 months. 正:He has been in the club for 2 months.2. 时间状语高频考点 just/already/yet(already用于肯定句,yet用于否定) ever/never(曾经/从未) for + 时间段 / since + 时间点 so far/recently/in the past 5 years等3. have been to vs have gone to- Have been to:去过已回(经历) She has been to Paris twice.- Have gone to:去了未归(状态) Mr. Wang isn't here. He has gone to Shanghai.三、易错警示 不与具体过去时间连用(误:I have watched the film yesterday) since从句用一般过去时(正:I've lived here since I was 10) 非延续动词否定式可表持续(I haven't bought books for months)四、解题技巧1. 找时间标志词(看到for/since/just优先考虑现在完成时)2. 辨动词性质(延续性?非延续性?)3. 注意语境暗示(结果影响现在?持续至今?)典型例题:( ) Great changes ___ in my hometown in the last ten years.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taken place(答案B,因"in the last ten years"是现在完成时标志)特殊句型- “It is/has been + 时间段 + since + 一般过去时从句”,表示“自从……以来已经多久了”。例如:It is/has been three years since I came to this school.(我来这所学校已经三年了。)初中英语现在完成时常用的时间状语副词主要包括以下几类,已按使用特点分类整理:**一、高频核心副词**1. **already**(已经)- 用于肯定句,表示动作已完成 I have already finished my homework.2. **yet**(还/已经)- 用于否定句(表示"还未")或疑问句(表示"已经") She hasn't arrived yet.(否定) Have you eaten yet (疑问)3. **just**(刚刚)- 强调动作刚完成 He has just left the office.4. **ever**(曾经)- 用于疑问句,询问经历 Have you ever been to Japan 5. **never**(从未)- 表示否定经历 I have never seen such a big dog.**二、表示"至今"的时间状语**6. **so far**(到目前为止) We have learned 2,000 words so far.7. **up to now**(直到现在) Up to now, no one has solved the problem.8. **recently/lately**(最近) Have you read any good books recently **三、与时间段连用的状语**9. **for + 时间段**(持续多久) They have lived here for 10 years.10. **since + 时间点**(自从...起) She has worked here since 2020.11. **in the past/last few years**(在过去几年) Great changes have happened in the past decade.**四、其他易考副词**12. **before**(以前)- 用于疑问句或否定句,强调"过去任何时候" Have you met him before 13. **once/twice...**(一次/两次...)- 表示次数 I have watched this movie twice.14. **several times**(几次) He has been to Beijing several times.** 易错提醒**1. **just now**(刚才)→ 只能用于一般过去时(误:I have done it just now )2. **yesterday/last week** 等具体过去时间 → 不能与现在完成时连用**快速记忆口诀**> "已经"用already,"还"用yet,> "刚刚"just莫忘记,"曾经"ever问经历,> "从未"never表否定,for/since记清晰,> so far/recently,现在完成时标志记心里!建议通过造句练习巩固,例如用同一动词搭配不同时间状语: I have already read the book. I haven't read the book yet. Have you ever read the book I have read it three times this month.初中英语现在完成时中,**不规则动词的过去分词**是必考重点!以下是**高频常考的不规则动词变化表**,按变化规律分类整理,方便记忆:### **一、AAA型(原形/过去式/过去分词同形)**1. **cut - cut - cut** (切)2. **put - put - put** (放)3. **let - let - let** (让)4. **hit - hit - hit** (打)5. **cost - cost - cost** (花费)6. **hurt - hurt - hurt** (受伤) 例句:The boy has cut his finger.(这个男孩割伤了手指。)### **二、ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)**#### 1. **-ought/-aught 结尾**- **teach - taught - taught** (教)- **catch - caught - caught** (抓住)- **buy - bought - bought** (买)- **bring - brought - brought** (带来)#### 2. **-t 结尾**- **build - built - built** (建造)- **lend - lent - lent** (借出)- **send - sent - sent** (发送)- **spend - spent - spent** (花费)#### 3. **-d 变 -t**- **lose - lost - lost** (丢失)- **feel - felt - felt** (感觉)#### 4. **其他变化**- **have - had - had** (有)- **make - made - made** (制作)- **keep - kept - kept** (保持)- **leave - left - left** (离开) 例句:She has taught English for 5 years.(她教英语5年了。)**三、ABC型(原形/过去式/过去分词均不同)**1. **begin - began - begun** (开始)2. **drink - drank - drunk** (喝)3. **sing - sang - sung** (唱)4. **swim - swam - swum** (游泳)5. **ring - rang - rung** (响铃)6. **write - wrote - written** (写)7. **drive - drove - driven** (驾驶)8. **ride - rode - ridden** (骑)9. **rise - rose - risen** (上升)10. **break - broke - broken** (打破)11. **speak - spoke - spoken** (说话)12. **steal - stole - stolen** (偷) 例句:He has written a letter.(他已经写了一封信。)**四、特殊变化(易错!)**1. **go - went - gone** (去) She has gone to Beijing.(她去了北京,未回来) 区分:**been**(去过已回) She has been to Beijing.(她去过北京)2. **see - saw - seen** (看见)3. **do - did - done** (做)4. **eat - ate - eaten** (吃)5. **fall - fell - fallen** (掉落)6. **give - gave - given** (给)7. **take - took - taken** (拿)8. **wear - wore - worn** (穿) 例句:They have seen the movie twice.(这部电影他们看了两次。)**五、高频考点动词对比**| 原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 常见考点 ||------------|------------|------------|--------------------------|| **fly** | flew | flown | 飞行 || **draw** | drew | drawn | 画画 || **grow** | grew | grown | 生长 || **know** | knew | known | 知道 || **throw** | threw | thrown | 扔 |** 记忆技巧**1. **分类记忆**:按AAA/ABB/ABC型分组背诵。2. **对比区分**:重点记忆易混词(如go→gone/been, see→saw→seen)。3. **造句练习**:用现在完成时造句(如I have done my homework)。**口诀**:> "切放让"AAA,过去分词不变它;> "买教带"变ought,ABB型要记牢;> "写骑唱"ABC,三变形式各不同;> go→gone别写错,been表去过要分清!建议每天默写10个不规则动词,结合现在完成时句子强化记忆! 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览