资源简介

(共19张PPT)
人教版（2019）必修三
Unit 4 Space Exploration
Reading for Writing
Present an argument about space exploration
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
read the argumentative essay about space exploration and summarize the main idea;
analyze the structure and language features of the argumentative essay;
express your own idea and write an argumentative essay about the value of space exploration.
Learning objectives
Lead-in
What do you think of space exploration Is it worth spending so much time and money Or is it a waste of time and money
IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY
Reading
Read the argumentative essay about space exploration.
satellite image of a typhoon
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. Instead, we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
n. 地球；世界；地球仪
vt. & vi. 论证；争辩；争论
adj. 致命的；灾难性的
adj. 肤浅的；浅的
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth. A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns. Then the data is transmitted to scientists on Earth. After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers. As a result, space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth’s increasing population.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration. For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use. Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries, and everyday products, such as memory foam pillows and smartphone cameras, are changing our lives.
导致；造成
n. 模式；图案；模范
n. （对事物的）分析；分析结果
所以；结果（是）
adj. 高端的
n. 监视器；监测仪 vt. 监视；监测；监控
adv. 经常；定期地
n. 泡沫橡胶；泡沫
n. 枕头
n. 智能手机
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world’s problems and even to find ways to solve them. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited. In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home. The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth. In the future, humans may live on both planets.
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people’s short-term and long-term problems.
n. 资源；财力；物力
adj. 有限的
提供生活所需
最后
Why are some people against space exploration
Because they think it is a waste of time and money, and that we should
feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems,
such as pollution and fatal diseases, instead.
What has space exploration done for food production
Satellites study land and weather patterns. These studies help farmers
grow more crops and warn them about natural disasters before they occur.
What did the pictures of Earth from space make people realise
They made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
How does space exploration benefit the products that people use nowadays
Advanced technology developed for space exploration has promoted
technological improvements that benefit us all by allowing products to
be made to a higher standard.
Then answer the questions according to the argumentative essay.
Read the first paragraph and underline the different opinions about space exploration.
Find the three topic sentences that summarise the writer’s arguments about space exploration.
Underline the sentence that repeats the writer’s opinion in the last paragraph.
Study the organisation and language features.
IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY
Introduction
Para. 1
Body
Paras. 2-4
Conclusion
Para. 5
different viewpoints
Para. 2
Rephrasing the thesis statement
Some people argue that we should ...
However, others feel this is a shallow view which ...
Firstly, ... fight against world hunger ...
satellites ... As a result, ...
Para. 3
Para. 4
Argument 1
Argument 2
Argument 3
Supporting details / Evidence
Supporting details / Evidence
Supporting details / Evidence
Secondly, ... promote technological improvements ..
high-end products ... For example, ...
Finally, ... think about the world’s problems ...
realise that ...
In closing, .... Therefore, ...
Draw a mind map to show the structure of this argumentative essay.
Introduction Different viewpoints Some people argue that ...
However, others ...
Body Arguments Firstly, ...
Secondly, ...
Finally, ...
Supporting details / Evidence As a result, ...
For example, ...
Conclusion Rephrasing the thesis statement In closing, ...
Therefore, ...
Learn to write an argumentative essay.
Writing
There are a lot of unsolved mysteries on Earth. So why are we going into space to explore
It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.
I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food.
Exploring space encourages scientists to improve technology that can help people in other ways, too.
For space exploration
Against space exploration
Are these arguments for or against exploring space Put them in the table below. Then add your own ideas and write your essay.
B
D
A
C
n. 神秘事物；谜
用完；耗尽
Does the introduction state the topic
Does the introduction express different opinions about the topic
Does the body give arguments with suitable supporting information
Does the closing express the writer’s opinion and end properly
Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors
Get your draft back and revise it.
Exchange drafts with a partner. Use the checklist to give feedback on your partner’s draft.
Present your essay to the rest of the class.
Space Exploration is a Waste of Time and Money
Everyone gets excited by the news of the most recent space flights, and I too share in people’s sense of awe and wonder at the photos from space that we see. Having said that, it is hard to believe that the high cost of space flight is justified so that we can get some lovely pictures. We should be spending our money more wisely, on what people need.
I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food. Around the world, millions of people are hungry and dying of starvation. On the other hand, we hear on TV that for as little as a dollar a day, a child in Africa can be saved. Considering the billions spent on space travel, it just seems a better investment to feed the hungry.
Some people argue that someday we will have to go live in space because the world will be made impossible to live in through pollution. This seems silly. When your house gets dirty, you spend the time and money to clean it up. You don’t move house simply because you need to wash your windows or vacuum the floor. In the same way, it makes more sense to use our time and money to take care of our planet, rather than look for a new home.
Finally, there are a lot of unsolved mysteries on the earth. So why are we going into space to explore There are still many things to discover in the ocean depths and the Antarctic. But we do not even have to go that far: Science has yet to unlock all the mysteries of the atom, and there are many realms of technology that we are just beginning to understand and explore.
In the end, it just does not seem a very wise investment to go to space. We have too many needs here on the earth to be wasting our effort on space exploration.
Sample Writing
Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.
(P44)
一部分人认为，我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索太空。
argue / ɑ ɡju / vt. & vi. 论证；争辩；争论
搭配
argue that ... 主张/认为……
argue for/against (doing) sth ... 赞成/反对（做）某事
argue sb into / out of doing sth ... 说服某人做/不做某事
拓展
argument n. [C, U] 争吵，争论，辩论，讨论 [C] 论据，论点，理由
have an argument with sb about/over sth 就某事与某人发生争吵/争论
argument for/against ... 支持/反对……的理由/论据
Language points
1
例句
In this book, he argues that as we seek to escape pain or sorrow, we’re weakening ourselves and may lose our adaptability.
在这本书中，他认为当我们试图逃避痛苦或悲伤时，我们正在削弱自己，并且
未来可能会失去应对的适应能力。
I argued for the plan while my elder sister argued against it.
我赞成这个计划，而我的姐姐反对它。
John’s family tried to argue him out of going on such a dangerous journey.
约翰的家人努力说服他不要踏上如此危险的旅程。
Lily’s argument for the trip is that it can broaden our horizons.
莉莉支持旅行的理由是它可以开阔我们的眼界。
It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth. (P44)
如今环绕地球运行的众多卫星都直接归功于太空探索。
result in 导致；造成
例句
A slight mistake may result in a great error.
失之毫厘，差之千里。
拓展
result from 由……造成（后接原因）
as a result 结果
as a result of ... 由于……
without result 徒劳；毫无结果
2
Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our
planet’s resources are limited. (P44)
看着我们星球的照片，犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛，人们意识到地球的资
源是有限的。
limited / l m t d/ adj. 有限的
例句
Just like a voyage at sea, our life journey, whose days are limited, is full of difficulties and surprises.
正像一次海上旅行，我们有限的生命旅程充满了困难和惊喜。
拓展
limit vt. 限制，限定 n. 限度，限制；界限，范围
limitation n. [U]限制 [C]局限 limitless adj. 无限制的，无界限的，无止境的
3
Homework
Summarize the writing methods of argumentative essays.
Polish your writing according to the checklist and your classmates’ feedback.

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