资源简介

(共80张PPT)
第一章 名 词
考点导图
在近5年广东中考中，语法选择主要考查可数名词的单复数及名词所有格：（1）名词作主语和宾语：可根据上下文和句意以及空格前后判断名词的单复数形式，如（2021.36）；（2）名词所有格作定语修饰后面的名词（词组），如（2022.33）（2024.35）。
真题解析 考查复数可数名词。空格前无限定词，复数可数名词作宾语。故选B。
真题解析 考查名词所有格。空格处作定语修饰后面的名词student，-'s结构表示所有格，意为“老师最喜爱的学生”。故选C。
真题解析 考查名词所有格。空格处作定语修饰后面的名词词组bus ride，-'s结构表示所有格，意为“一个小时的公交车车程”。故选C。
在近5年广东中考中，完形填空主要考查名词词义的辨析：学生可根据词汇复现或语境推断来确定答案。
真题解析 句意：在接下来的几周里，史密斯先生对他的外表（look）越来越感兴趣。他买了新的眼睛、新的手和新的脚。故选D。
真题解析 句意：然而，面部和指纹的改变（change）给他带来了很多麻烦。故选B。
真题解析 句意：最后，他决定换回他的旧身体。令他惊讶的是，史密斯夫人对他的决定（decision）不满意，因为她无法忍受他以前那双脚的臭味。故选C。
真题解析 句意：萨姆的优点（advantages）是什么呢？其中一点，他写道：“我姐姐说我表现得像一个外星人。”故选D。
真题解析 句意：萨姆还说，他几乎把能找到的太空（space）电影都看完了。故选C。
真题解析 句意：萨姆很快就收到了该机构主任比尔·布莱克的回复（reply）。“我们已经收到了你的来信……”故选C。
真题解析 句意：她在桌上摆了一些应季的蔬菜（vegetables）。故选D。
真题解析 句意：那年早些时候，她的房子着火了。莫莉的家庭（family）过得很艰难。故选A。
真题解析 句意：我怎样才能让时间（time）过得更快呢？故选B。
真题解析 句意：我迫不及待想要看到婴儿（baby）了。故选C。
真题解析 句意：当她看到院子里的苹果树时，她有了一个好主意（idea）。故选B。
真题解析 句意：贝蒂是一位生物学家。她研究随着年龄增长而出现的脑部疾病。她的工作（job）不容易。故选A。
真题解析 句意：另一个原因（reason）是她是一个创造性的思想家。“毕竟，科学就是解决问题，”贝蒂说道。故选A。
真题解析 句意：很少有人天生就是科学家（scientist）。故选D。
在近5年广东中考中，短文填空主要考查可数名词的单复数、不可数名词及名词所有格：（1）结合语境确定空格处词义，判断所填名词是否可数：①可数名词需通过语境或空格前后判断用单数还是复数，如（2023.75）（2024.71）；②不可数名词无形式上的变化，如（2020.70）（2022.71）；（2）of结构表示所有格，如（2023.74）。
真题解析 考查不可数名词。根据句意可知此处表示“筹钱”，money是不可数名词。故填money。
真题解析 考查单数可数名词。根据句意可知此处表示“想出了一个主意”，idea是可数名词，空前有an修饰，名词使用单数形式。故填idea。
真题解析 考查复数可数名词。此处是对下文letters的复现。故填letters。
真题解析 考查不可数名词。结合常识可知，煮茶是将茶叶放进开水里面，water是不可数名词。故填water。
真题解析 考查名词所有格。根据句意可知此处表示“牙刷的发明”，invent作动词，其名词形式为invention。故填invention。
真题解析 考查单数可数名词。根据句意可知此处表示“一个刷牙的好习惯”，habit是可数名词，空格前有a修饰，名词使用单数形式。故填habit。
真题解析 考查复数可数名词。根据下文可知此处表示“像成都和北京这样的城市”，city是可数名词，不止一个城市，名词使用复数形式。故填cities。
真题解析 考查单数可数名词。根据上文“Will the craze in China last for a long time ”可知此处指的是上文提到的这个问题的答案，answer是可数名词，根据is可知名词使用单数形式。故填answer。
考点精讲精练
考点1
可数名词及其单、复数（5年6考）
1. 可数名词单数变复数的规则变化
规 则 举 例
一般情况下，直接在名词后加-s desk→desks， chair→chairs， book→books
以s， x， sh， ch结尾的名词，在词尾加-es bus→buses， box→boxes，brush→brushes， watch→watches
以 “辅音字母＋y” 结尾的名词，变y为i，再加-es baby→babies， story→stories， city→cities
规 则 举 例
以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v，再加-es leaf→leaves， knife→knives， thief→thieves
以o结尾的名词变复数时，一般表示无生命含义的词加-s，表示有生命含义的词加-es radio→radios， photo→photos，piano→pianos；
potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes， hero→heroes
2. 可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化
类 别 举 例
改变单数可数名词中的元音字母
（a→e，oo→ee） man→men, woman→women, tooth→teeth
单复数形式相同 deer→deer, sheep→sheep
表示“某国人”：
（1）中日不变；
（2）英法变a为e；
（3）其他-s加后面
【口诀】中日不变英法变，其余-s加后面 Chinese→Chinese, Japanese→Japanese；
Englishman→Englishmen, Frenchman→Frenchmen；
German→Germans, American→Americans
类 别 举 例
由两个名词组成的名词词组（合成名词）：
（1）一般情况下把最后一个单词变为复数；
（2）当前面一个单词是man或woman时，前后两个名词都要变为复数；
（3）sport作定语修饰其他名词时，常用复数形式 a girl student→two girl students；
a man teacher→two men teachers,
a woman nurse→two women nurses；
a sports cap→three sports caps
其他特殊变化 mouse→mice, child→children, ox→oxen
【拓展】
（1）集体名词如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果表示个体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的这类名词有：family, class, team, group, army等。
例 My family is a big one in the village.在村子里，我的家庭是一个大家族。
My family are busy doing their own things now.我的家人现在正忙于做自己的事情。
（2）一般以复数形式出现的名词有：people, police, trousers， socks， clothes， glasses， gloves， shorts， scissors等。
例 She wears a pair of glasses. 她戴着一副眼镜。
（3）以-s结尾却表示单数或不可数的名词有：news， politics(政治)， physics等。
例 Physics is one of my favorite subjects. 物理是我最喜欢的科目之一。
3. 可数名词的量
分 类 规 则 举 例
精确的量 数量为1：a / an / one+单数可数名词 a boy一个男孩
数量大于1： 数词+复数可数名词 数词+量词+of+复数可数名词 five students十个学生， ten boxes of books十箱书
大概的量 修饰词+复数可数名词 a few chairs一些椅子， several keys几把钥匙
例 There is an apple，a banana and some oranges on the table. 桌子上有一个苹果、一根香蕉和一些橙子。
■（基础过关）单项填空
( )1. Helen keeps English diaries every day as a ___________ to develop her writing skills. （2024江苏镇江）
A. habit B. present C.victory D.dream
( )2. There are many famous ____________ in the Chinese history. （2024西藏改编）
A. woman hero B.women heroes C. woman heroes
A
B
( )3. Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ____________ in China this year. （2023湖南岳阳）
A. city B. cities C. citys
( )4. —What animals did you see on the farm, Tom
—I saw some ____________. （2023湖南邵阳）
A. rabbit B. ducks C. sheeps
( )5. There are many ____________ in the sports center.
A. peoples B. people's C. people
B
B
C
■（能力过关）用所给单词的适当形式填空
6. Last winter holiday, we met some ____________ (German) in Harbin. They liked Harbin so much.
（2024黑龙江龙东地区）
7. These nice ________________ (photo）were taken by my teachers last week. （2024甘肃兰州）
8. There are many ____________ (sheep) eating grass over there. （2024甘肃临夏州）
Germans
photos
sheep
9. Yuan Longping is one of our national ____________ (hero). We admire him very much. （2024四川雅安改编）
10. —Tom! Please brush your ___________ (tooth) carefully twice a day!
—OK, I will. （2024四川眉山改编）
heroes
teeth
考点2
不可数名词
1. 常考的不可数名词
类 别 举 例
食物 rice，bread，meat，pork，beef，butter，salt， cheese, popcorn
液体 water（2022.71），juice，milk，wine，tea，coffee，soup，beer，oil, blood
材料 paper（纸），wood（木头），silk，cotton，plastic, glass（玻璃）, silver
自然 weather，snow，rain，wind，ice，fire，soil，sand, air, smoke
其他 news，information，time，money（2020.70），advice，knowledge，homework
2. 不可数名词的量
类 别 规 则 举 例
精确的量 数词+量词+of+不可数名词 four pieces of bread四片面包，a cup of juice一杯果汁
大概的量 修饰词+不可数名词 some water一些水，little money几乎没有钱
【 注 意 】all, some, any, enough, a lot of, lots of, plenty of等既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词
【拓展】有些名词既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词，但意义不同
单 词 可 数 不可数 单 词 可 数 不可数
glass 玻璃杯 玻璃 paper 报纸；试卷 纸
room 房间 空间 chicken 鸡 鸡肉
fish 鱼 鱼肉 orange 橙子 橙汁
time 次；倍 时间 work 著作；作品 工作
exercise 习题；体操 锻炼 experience 经历 经验
例 We can use these oranges to make orange. 我们可以用这些橙子制作橙汁。
【注意】fish作可数名词讲，表示鱼的种类时，复数形式为fishes；表示鱼的数量时，单复数同形，均为fish。
例 There are three fishes in the pool. I can see several gold fish in it.池子里有3种类型的鱼。我能在里面看到几条金鱼。
■（基础过关）单项填空
( )1. After a month's efforts, the girl made much ____________ in math. (2024江苏宿迁)
A. problem B. project C. pollution D. progress
( )2. You can have a better understanding of Chinese _______ by learning about Chinese clay art.
(2024黑龙江牡丹江改编)
A. dream B. courage C. culture D. power
D
C
( )3. Tony turns off the shower to save _______ while he is washing his hair. (2024吉林改编)
A. time B. paper C. water D. money
( )4. —What are these in the bag？
—They are ____________.
A. three piece of chocolate
B. three pieces of chocolate
C. three pieces of chocolates
C
B
( )5. Hurry up! The graduation ceremony will begin in a second. We have ____________ time left.
A. few B. a little C. little
C
■（能力过关）选词填空，有两词为多余项
traffic
food coffee communication energy rain environment traffic
6. —My holiday was terrible because of the heavy ____________.
—I agree! There were too many cars on the road.
(2024山东菏泽改编)
7. —I like the ____________ in that restaurant near our school.
—Me, too. It has the best cooks in our town.(2024福建改编)
8. —World Sleep Day falls on March 21st. Do you think sleep is important
—I think so. Sleeping well can give you enough ____________. (2024四川乐山改编)
food
energy
9. All in all， ____________________ with friends is the best medicine for your mental health (心理健康). Hope my advice can help you. (2023四川凉山改编)
10. It's bad for us to drink too much ____________.
(2023黑龙江牡丹江改编)
communication
coffee
考点3
专有名词
【概念】专有名词是表示特定的、独一无二的人或物。其特点是：每个名词的第一个字母大写；一般无复数形式。
类 别 举 例
人名、地名、国家名、某国人、语言 Tom汤姆，London 伦敦，China中国，American美国人，French法语
组织、机构、报刊 the United Nations联合国，Peking University 北京大学，China Daily《中国日报》
星期、月份、节日 Monday星期一，December 十二月，National Day 国庆节
( )1. _______ is the first month of a year.
A. January B. September
C. October D. December
( )2. I used to live in Russia. I think _______ that people speak there sounds beautiful.
A. Russian B. Chinese
C. German D. French
A
A
( )3. _______ is on October 1st. We all celebrate it on that day.
A. Women's Day B. National Day
C. The Double Ninth Festival D. Tree Planting Day
( )4. China is located in _______ and France belongs to _______.
A. Asia; Europe B. Africa; Europe
C. Europe; Africa D. Europe; Asia
( )5. Jane is twelve and she is in ____________ this year.
A. Grade six B. Six Grade
C. Grade Six
B
A
C
考点4
名词所有格
1. -'s结构表示所有格的用法(5年2考)
用 法 举 例
有生命的单数名词后加-'s my father's shoes爸爸的鞋子
有生命的复数名词，以s结尾后面加-'，不以s结尾后面加-'s teachers' office教师办公室，
Children's Day儿童节
表示几个人共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加-'s Lily and Lucy's room 莉莉和露西共有的一间房
表示每个人各自拥有，在每个名词后加-'s Lily's and Lucy's rooms 莉莉和露西各自的房间
用 法 举 例
表示时间、距离、价格、世界、国家等的名词所有格，单数加-'s，复数加-' nine days' holiday 9天的假期，ten miles' journey 10英里的旅程，fifteen dollars' worth 价值15美元，the world's population 世界的人口， China's industry 中国工业
表示商铺、某人的家、诊所或餐馆等的名词所有格，其后的名词可以省略 at Li Lei's 在李雷家，at the doctor's 在医生的诊所里
2. of结构表示所有格的用法(2023.74)
无生命的名词所有格一般用of结构来表达。
例 a map of China 一张中国地图，the end of this term 本学期末，the capital of our country 我们国家的首都，the foot of the hill 山脚
3. 双重所有格
(1）of+-'s所有格。例 a picture of Tom's 汤姆的一张图片
(2）of+名词性物主代词。例 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
4. 个别用to表示所有格
例 the key to the door 门的钥匙，the answer to the question 问题的答案，the way to school 去学校的路，the solution to the problem 问题的解决办法
■（基础过关）单项填空
( )1. ____________ father works in the police station.
（2024西藏改编）
A. Eric and Helen's B. Eric's and Helen's
C. Eric's and Helen
( )2. A headmaster praised a boy for his brave act of using Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法) to save his ____________ life. (2024黑龙江牡丹江改编)
A. classmate' B. classmate's C. classmate
A
B
( )3. —____________ Day is around the corner, but I don't have money to buy a gift for my dad.
—Why not make a card by yourself He will certainly love it. (2023山东滨州改编)
A. Fathers B. Father's C. Father
B
( )4. My parents took me to the amusement park on ____________ Day. There were so many exciting things to do there. （2023湖南郴州）
A. Children's B.Children C.Child's
( )5. Don't worry. There are a number of possible solutions _______the problem. （2023甘肃甘南改编）
A. of B. to C. with
A
B
■（能力过关）用所给单词的适当形式填空
6. Many of the students never leave the hometown. It's these ____________ (teenager) dream to visit the Palace Museum. （2024西藏）
7. We had a bad time that day, but the next ____________ (day) trip was pretty good. （2024甘肃兰州）
8. It is reported that 30 ____________ (minute) walk every day is healthy enough. （2024黑龙江龙东地区）
teenagers'
day's
minutes'
9. For further information on ________________ (tomorrow) weather conditions, call the hotline below.
（2024江苏扬州改编）
10. A friend of ____________ (I) will come to visit my family this weekend. （2023江苏宿迁改编）
编者按 更多名词辨析及短语归纳可见于《教材梳理》，并建议结合《早读本》进行记忆。
tomorrow's
mine
语篇考点专练
A
B
D
She gets up very early and goes to bed very late every day. They work very hard. So Li Wei wants to cook a meal for his parents to show his thanks and ___4____. Last Saturday, after 2 hours' work, he served his parents some dumplings. Although the ___5____ wasn't that delicious, they had a good time together! （2024青海改编）
( )4. A. luck B. love C. hope D. happiness
( )5. A. food B. work C. fruit D. news
B
A
Sam is a foreign student. He came to ___1____ last year. He fell in love with shadow puppet play(皮影戏) during a visit to a museum. He decided to learn this art because he thought it was a great way to tell ___2____ of Chinese culture.
With the help of his Chinese friends, Sam built a shadow puppet play stage (舞台) and made some paper puppets. But learning to control the puppets is not easy. He spent ___3____ practicing every day for several months. So far, Sam has successfully put several of his videos online and won ___4____ fans. He wants to share the beauty ___5____ this art with people from all over the world. （2024广东广州改编）
China
stories
hours
many
of
many hour people story China of little
1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________
4. ____________ 5. ____________
China
stories
hours
many
of
B
In an old photo, my grandfather is dressed in ___2____ school uniform. You can see the pen through the front pocket of his shirt. It seems that he was always with his pen. No one was ___3____ when Grandfather became a writer. So far, he has finished ___4____ storybooks. People all over the world enjoy his ___5____, including me.
( )2.A.a B.an C.the
( )3.A.surprise B.surprising C.surprised
( )4.A.many B.much C.little
( )5.A.story B.stories C.storys
A
C
A
B
Last month, my parents and I ___6____ Grandfather. It was an exciting time for us. Grandfather showed me ___7____ writing desk. On the last day ___8____ our visit, my grandfather asked me to close my eyes. Gently and ___9____, he put his pen in my hands. Tears filled my ___10____. At that moment I decided to be a writer, too.
( )6. A. visit B. visited C. will visit
( )7. A. him B. his C. he
( )8. A. of B. in C. from
( )9. A. care B. careful C. carefully
( )10. A. eye B. eyes C. eye's
B
B
A
C
B
I will never forget the connection I felt with my grandfather that day. It is one of the most important memories of my life. （2024江苏徐州改编）
A
C
It is not easy for Zeng to learn songs. She needs to use Braille (盲文) to read the words of songs and practice the songs repeatedly. Although it usually takes her at least a month to learn a song, she never ___3____.
( )3. A. wakes up B. gives up
C. cuts up D. picks up
B
Zeng has a talent for ___4____ and learns faster than others at the school. Her music teacher is proud of her. She posted a video of Zeng's singing online. Zeng's ___5____ voice has amazed and touched many people. They left messages praising her. “Thanks for your openness (坦诚) and ___6____. I will ___7____ better and live better,” she replied to the messages.
( )4. A. English B. music C. art D. history
( )5. A. beautiful B. terrible C. boring D. interesting
( )6. A. improvement B. encouragement
C. development D. movement
( )7. A. dance B. read C. sing D. write
B
A
B
C
Music has brought great ___8____ to Zeng's life and her personality. She felt much better about herself and got more ___9____ to communicate with others after learning music. At her teacher's suggestion, she began to ___10____ her own singing videos online last year. With music in her heart, she becomes more active and wants to plant her feet in the field of music in the future. (2024福建改编)
( )8. A. changes B. choices
C. challenges D. examples
( )9. A. duty B. courage C. luck D. trouble
( )10. A. copy B. watch C. share D. learn
A
B
C
Do you have a friend with an interesting background Today, I'd like to tell you about a friend of ___1____ with it. I'll tell you a bit about her, such as where she's from and why we're good ___2____.
You know, I didn't use to do ___3____. However, a couple of years ago, I joined ___4____ fitness club. There, I met Linda. After the exercise, we had coffee ___5____ and became good friends soon. I think we have a lot ___6____ common.
mine
friends
sports
a
together
in
together I sport different a for England speak China knowledge in friend
We both like to keep fit and love trying different food. And we love the ocean. In summer, we like to play at the beach and go swimming there. Linda was born in London, but she has lived in ___7____ for ten years. So she can ___8____ both Chinese and English. That's something ___9____ about us. Another difference is her background. Linda has experience and ___10____ of two cultures.
So, now you know a bit about my friend Linda. Although we might not always live in the same city in the future, I think we'll stay friends forever. (2024江苏盐城改编)
China
speak
different
knowledge
together I sport different a for England speak China knowledge in friend
1. ____________ 2. ____________
3. ____________ 4. ____________
5. ____________ 6. ____________
7. ____________ 8. ____________
9. ____________ 10. ____________
mine
friends
sports
a
together
in
China
speak
different
knowledge

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