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(共73张PPT)
第六章 介 词
考点导图
在近5年广东中考中，语法选择主要考查方位介词和其他介词的用法。学生在做题时需要结合语境分析句意，再根据介词的词义和用法来选择正确的答案，如（2020.31）（2021.34）。
真题解析 考查介词with表示“有；具有；带有”。故选C。
真题解析 考查方位介词between表示“在（两者）之间”。故选D。
真题解析 考查方位介词“in+大地点”。故选A。
真题解析 考查方位介词“in+大地点”。故选B。
在近5年广东中考中，短文填空主要考查时间介词、方位介词及含有介词的固定搭配。学生需结合具体语境，再结合介词的词义和用法或根据固定搭配选用相应的介词，如（2023.70）（2024.73）。
真题解析 考查含有介词的固定搭配at the age of（在……岁时）。故填at。
真题解析 考查时间介词“for＋时间段”用于完成时的用法。故填for。
真题解析 考查方位介词“in＋大地点”。故填in。
真题解析 考查含有介词的固定搭配go by（时间流逝）。故填by。
真题解析 考查方位介词among表示“在（三者或三者以上）之间”。故填among。
考点精讲精练
1. at, on和in
考点1
时间介词
介 词 用 法 举 例
at 用于具体的时间点前 at 9 o'clock在9点
用于节日名称前 at Christmas 在圣诞节，at the Spring Festival 在春节
用于一些固定搭配中 at noon在中午， at night在夜里
on 用于具体某一天、星期几和含有 Day的节日前 on May 1st在5月1日， on Monday在星期一，
on Children's Day在儿童节
用于具体某一天的上午、下午、 晚上前 on Monday morning在星期一早上，
on the night of May 2nd在5月2日的晚上
in 用于世纪、年、月、季节前 in the 21st century在21世纪， in January在1月， in spring在春天
用于泛指的上午、下午、晚上前 in the morning / afternoon / evening在上午 / 下午 / 晚上
口诀一：点用at，段用in，日子前面加个on。
口诀二：in在年月季节前，on在星期日子前，at放在钟点前，早晚下午要用in，夜晚正午要用at，前有修饰要用on，of前面on代in。
【注意】在this， that， last， next， every等词的前面不能再加介词。如：
I woke up at 6 o'clock this morning. 今天早上我6点钟醒来。
2. since，for和from
介 词 意义及用法 举 例
since since+时间点，多与现在完成时连用，意为“自从……”，用于说明动作的起始时间 I have learned English since ten years ago.我10年前就开始学英语。
for for+时间段，多与现在完成时连用，意为“已经多长时间了”，用于说明动作的延续时间（2021.67），常用来回答由how long引导的问句 —How long has William been a volunteer
威廉做志愿者多久了
—For 10 years.有10年了。
from 常与介词to连用，构成“from … to …”结构，意为“从……到……”，不能用于现在完成时 My father goes to work from Monday to Friday. 从星期一到星期五，我爸爸都要上班。
3. before, after和in
介 词 意义及用法 举 例
before before+时间点，意为“在……之前” I will go back to see you before ten o'clock. 我将在10点前回来看你。
before+动名词，意为“在……之前；先于”，表次序 We should wash our hands before eating.在吃东西前我们应该先洗手。
after after＋时间段＝时间段＋later，意为“在……之后”，用于过去时 He returned after a month.＝He returned a month later.一个月后他回来了。
after＋时间点，意为“在……之后”，用于过去时或将来时 He came back after eight o'clock last evening.他昨天晚上8点后回来的。
He will come back after ten o'clock this evening.他将在今天晚上10点后回来。
in in+时间段，意为“在……之后”，用于一般将来时，常用来回答由how soon引导的问句 CCTV News will begin in five minutes. 《新闻联播》将在5分钟后开始。
4. by, during和till / until
介 词 意义及用法 举 例
by by+时间点，意为“到……的时候”，常与现在完成时连用，表示动作的完成 He has read about 30 pages of the book by now.到现在为止他已经读了这本书大约30页。
during during+时间段，意为“在……期间”，表示一定时间中的某个时间点或时间段 During those three years，he worked very hard. 在那3年里，他非常努力地工作。
till / until 用于肯定句，意为“直到……为止”，主句的谓语动词用延续性动词 I waited at the gate till / until nine o'clock.我在门口一直等到9点钟。
用于否定句，意为“直到……才”，主句的谓语动词用非延续性动词 The bank won't close until six o'clock.银行要到6点钟才关门。
【注意】until用于书面语或正式场合中；till则常用于口语或非正式场合中
■（基础过关）单项填空
( )1. A special festival was held _______ September 23rd last year to honor the hard work of Chinese farmers.
（2024福建）
A.in B.for C.on
( )2. Mary plays light music _______ her free time to enjoy the beauty of music. （2024吉林）
A.in B.at C.on
C
A
( )3. Hurry up, Nancy! The meeting will start _______ ten minutes. （2024河北改编）
A.by B.in C.for
( )4. —I miss Bill very much as we haven't seen each other _______ two years.
—Me, too. Whenever I see the photo, it reminds me of the happy days we spent together. （2024山东滨州改编）
A.in B.for C.on
B
B
( )5. _______ the Spring Festival, lanterns can be seen almost everywhere in my hometown. （2024云南改编）
A.From B.On C.During
C
■（能力过关）选词填空，有两词为多余项
6. The Chang'e-6 landed on the far side of the moon ____________ June 2, 2024. （2024北京改编）
7. The People's Republic of China was set up on October 1st, 1949. People have celebrated the National Day ____________ then. (2023湖南永州改编)
in on at for from since during
on
since
8. —What are you usually doing ____________ a quarter to eight in the morning？
—Generally, I am having my breakfast at home.
(2023湖南常德改编)
9. ____________ the Spring Festival month, people seldom have their hair cut. （2023浙江温州改编）
10. —How long have you learned English
—____________ six years. （2023辽宁大连改编）
at
During
For
in on at for from since during
1. in和at
考点2
方位介词
介 词 用 法 举 例
in in+大地点，如国家、省份等(5年3考) in China在中国，in London在伦敦
at at +小地点，如超市、车站、游泳池等 at the supermarket在超市， at the bus station在公交车站
2. in, on和to
介 词 用 法 图 示 举 例
in 表示在某一地区之内的某方位(属于该范围) Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。
on 表示与某地是毗邻关系(两地接壤) Mongolia lies on the north of China. 蒙古位于中国的北面。
to to表示在某一地区之外的某方位(不属于该范围，也不接壤) Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。
3. on， over， under， above和below
介 词 意 义 图 示 举 例
on 在……表面上 There is an apple on the table.桌子上有一个苹果。
over 在……正上方 There is a bridge over the river.河上有一座桥。
under 在………正下方 We sailed under the Golden Gate Bridge. 我们在金门大桥下航行。
above 在……上方 (不一定是正上方) The great bird hovered high above our heads. 那只大鸟在我们头顶高处盘旋。
below 在……下方 (不一定是正下方) Her skirt reaches just below her knees.她的裙子刚到膝盖下。
【注意】表示温度时要用above和below。
例 The temperatures remained below freezing all day.气温整天保持在冰点以下。
4. in front of和in the front of
介词短语 用 法 举 例
in front of 表示在物体外部的前面 There are some trees in front of the classroom. 在教室前面有一些树。
in the front of 表示在物体内部的前面 The teacher's desk is in the front of the classroom. 讲台在教室的前面。
5. between和among
介 词 意义及用法 举 例
between 意为“在(两者)之间”(2021.34)，常与and连用 There is a chair between the desk and the bed. 书桌和床之间有一张椅子。
among 意为“在(三者或三者以上)之间”(2024.73) Among the three boys, Tom is the tallest one. 3个男孩中，汤姆是最高的。
6. across, through, past和over
介 词 意 义 举 例
across (从表面)横过；穿过；越过 Millie was walking through the forest while Jack was swimming across the river. 当杰克正在游过这条河时，米莉正在穿过森林。
through (从空间内部)穿过；通过
past 从旁边经过 He just walked straight past us!他与我们擦肩而过！
over 从上方通过 She would fly over the playground and take her friends into the sky.她会飞过操场，带着她的朋友们飞上天空。
7. 其他常见的方位介词（短语）
介词(短语) 意 义 举 例
around 围绕；环绕 The house is built around a central courtyard.这房子是围绕着中央的庭院而建的。
behind 在……的后面 Who's the girl standing behind Jane 站在简身后的女孩是谁？
against 紧靠；倚 Put the piano there, against the wall.把钢琴放在那儿，紧靠着墙。
along 沿着；顺着 They walked slowly along the road.他们沿着公路慢慢走。
near 在……附近；靠近 Do you live near here 你住在这附近吗？
next to 紧邻；在……近旁 We sat next to each other.我们紧挨着坐在一起。
opposite /
across from 在……对面 The bank is opposite / across from the supermarket.银行在超市的正对面。
■（基础过关）单项填空
( )1. —Did you have fun watching the volleyball game
—No. A tall man stood _______ me. I couldn't see the players at all. （2024四川凉山州）
A.next to B.across from C.in front of
C
( )2. The bird in Picture _______ is between the boxes.
（2024甘肃白银改编）
A
A. B. C.
( )3. Which picture shows the dog is behind the house （2024甘肃临夏州改编）
C
A. B. C.
( )4. The Marco Polo Memorial Hall stands at the east end of Dongguan Street _______ Yangzhou.
（2024江苏扬州改编）
A.at B.on C.in
( )5. —When it thunders (打雷), why do we see lightning (闪电) first, then hear thunder
—Because our eyes are _______ ears. Ha-ha! Just a joke!
（2024山东东营改编）
A.before B.opposite C.between
C
A
■（能力过关）选词填空，有两词为多余项
under opposite to at among across near
6. Look! The traffic light is green. We can go ____________ the road now. (2023四川遂宁改编)
7. The library is ____________ our school. To get there, we just need to cross the street. (2023四川内江改编)
8. —Is your home ____________ our school
—No, it's far away. （2023山东济宁改编）
9. Shakespeare's works were popular ____________ the common people in his day.
10. It's so hot. We can cool ourselves ___________ the tree.
across
opposite
near
among
under
考点3
方式介词
1. by， in和on表示交通方式
(1)如果交通工具前没有任何限定词，用by。
例 They traveled to Chicago by train. 他们乘火车去芝加哥。
(2)如果交通工具前有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等限定词修饰，则用on或in。
例 The boy followed them all the way in his car. 男孩一路开车跟着他们。
【注意】步行、骑马、骑自行车均用on。
例 on foot 步行,on a horse 骑马，on my bike骑我的自行车
2. with, in， by, on和through表示手段或工具
介 词 意义及用法 举 例
with 意为“用……”，多用于有形的工具或身体某些部位及器官前 with a pen用钢笔， with our ears用我们的耳朵
in 意为“用……”，表示使用某种语言、声音或材料 in English用英语，in a loud voice 用大的声音，in blue ink用蓝墨水
by 意为“用……；通过”，多用于无形的工具或手段前。在名词前不加限定词；若接动词，动词需变成动名词形式 by e-mail 用邮件，by singing songs通过唱歌
on 意为“以……方式”，后常接电器、网络，多用于固定搭配 on the telephone 通过电话 / 在电话上
on the Internet 在互联网上
through 意为“以；凭借；因为；由于”，表示通过某人、某方式 through my friend通过我的朋友（得知）
through hard work 通过努力
■（基础过关）单项填空
( )1. We can go to school _______ bike to make our city greener. （2024四川自贡）
A.by B.on C.in
A
( )2. Deng Qingming, an astronaut of Shenzhou-15, achieved his dream ____________ many years' hard work.
(2023四川成都A卷)
A.without B. in C. through
( )3. My mother often tells me it's impolite to hit an empty bowl ____________ chopsticks.
A.in B.on C.with
C
C
( )4. This story is ____________ simple English. My little sister can read it.
A.for B.in C.with
( )5. I usually get to my office _______ subway. But this morning， I went to work _______ my friend's car.
A. by； by B. by； in C. in； by
B
B
■（能力过关）选词填空，有两词为多余项
by in on with without through to
6. You can get there in just 20 minutes ____________ car.
7. Please be careful when you cut the meat ____________ a knife.
8. “Let me tell you a secret about it，”he said to me ____________ a low voice.
9. I learn French ____________ the Internet every day.
10. She learned to play the guitar ____________ years of practice.
by
with
in
on
through
考点4
其他介词
介 词 意义及用法 举 例
about “大约……” About 300 students want to be volunteers. 大约有300名学生想成为志愿者。
“关于”，涉及文章、书籍、报告等有关内容时，可和on互换 I am reading a book about / on Hawking. 我正在读一本关于霍金的书。
against “反对；违背” They are strongly against the idea. 他们强烈反对这个主意。
“撞击；碰着” Tom hit his head against a tree in the dark. 黑暗中汤姆的头撞到了一棵树上。
as “作为；以……的身份” As a student, we should hand in homework on time. 作为一名学生，我们应该按时交作业。
besides “除……之外还有(包含在内)” What language can you speak besides English 除了英语，你还会说什么语言？
介 词 意义及用法 举 例
except “除……之外(排除在外)”，是
从整体中除去一部分 We will travel to Beijing except Jack. 除了杰克，我们都会去北京旅游。
for “为了；供”，表目的 I've bought him a watch for his birthday.我给他买了块手表作为生日礼物。
“给；对；供”，表对象、用途 It's a book for children. 这是一本儿童读物。
“因为；由于”，表原因 Guangzhou is famous for its delicious food. 广州因它的美食而出名。
“以帮助；为了 ”Let me carry that bag for you.让我帮你拿那个包吧。
“达；计”，表动作或情况持续的时间长度 Bake the cake for 40 minutes.将蛋糕烘烤40分钟。
介 词 意义及用法 举 例
for “对……来说”，用于句型：It's+adj.+for sb.to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是怎样的（强调事物的特点） It is important for us to form good learning habits. 对我们来说，养成良好的学习习惯很重要。
like “像/和……一样”，常与系动词连用 That sounds like an interesting story. 那听起来像是一个有趣的故事。
of “……的”，表示所属关系 Tom is a friend of mine. 汤姆是我的一个朋友。
用于句型:It's+adj.+of sb.to do sth.某人做某事是……的（表示某人的性格、品质等） It is kind of you to help others. 你帮助别人，真是善良。
构成介词短语because of,表原因 They are here because of us.他们是因为我们来这里的。
off “离开；脱离” Keep off the grass. 请勿踩踏草地。
介 词 意义及用法 举 例
to “向；朝；到；往”，表动作的目的地 She stood up and walked to the window. 她站起来，走到窗前。
“向；给；对”，表动作的承受者 He sent presents to the children. 他给孩子们寄了礼物。
with “和……一起；和；同；跟”，表伴随 Can you go to the movies with me？ 你可以和我一起去看电影吗？
“有；具有；带有”，表人或物的特征或随身携带(2020.31) She came back with a letter in her hand.她手里拿着一封信回来了。
without “没有” I can't finish the task without your help. 没有你的帮助，我无法完成任务。
■（基础过关）单项填空
( )1. —I'm thirsty. I'd like a bottle of water. How about you, Bob
—I prefer a cup of coffee _______ nothing in it.
（2024黑龙江绥化）
A.without B.with C.to
B
( )2. China Daily named “Growth” _______ its “Word of the Year 2023”. （2024四川成都A卷）
A.as B.after C.for
( )3. —Maria, you have made such a great progress in English.
—Thanks, Ms.Chen. I can't make it _______ your help.
（2024四川凉山州）
A.with B.without C.for
A
B
( )4. Lixia, or the Start of Summer, is a time when the temperature increases quickly _______ heavier rainfall.
（2024内蒙古呼和浩特改编）
A. against B.with C.except
( )5. The toy is ____________ my little brother. I bought it yesterday. (2023福建)
A.for B. from C. by
B
A
■（能力过关）选词填空，有两词为多余项
without as of for besides like except
6. Everyone is here ____________ Alan, because he is still ill in hospital. （2024四川眉山改编）
7. Many thanks __________ your gift. I love it. (2023河北改编)
8. Please bring Ms.Steen to the welcome party ____________ telling her so that she can be surprised. (2023湖北武汉改编)
9. When he was young, he worked _________ a furniture(家具) maker. (2023浙江宁波改编)
10. I'm crazy about the folk stories ________ Yu Gong Moves the Mountains and Hou Yi Shoots the Suns. （2023四川眉山改编）
except
for
without
as
like
考点5
介词短语
1. 介词与动词的常见搭配
ask for 要；请求 hear from 收到……来信
wait for 等待 learn from 向……学习
leave for 前往 pay for 付费
think of 认为；想起 listen to 听
depend on 依靠；取决于 laugh at 嘲笑
look after 照顾 look for 寻找
arrive in/at 到达 worry about 担心
go by (时间)流逝(2023.70)
2. 介词与名词的常见搭配
on time 准时 in English 用英语
by hand 用手工 in danger处于危险中
in fact 事实上 on the left/right 在左/右边
with one's help 在某人的帮助下
in one's life在某人的生活中
at the age of 在……岁时（2020.67）
to one's surprise 使某人惊讶的是
3. 介词与形容词的常见搭配
be good at 擅长 be proud of 为……骄傲
be full of/be filled with 充满
be afraid of 害怕 be busy with 忙于
be different from 与……不同
be strict with 对……严格
be famous for 因为……而出名
be harmful to对……有害
■（基础过关）单项填空
( )1. Hainan is famous _______ its beautiful beaches. Many tourists visit it every year. （2024黑龙江龙东地区）
A.for B.to C.as
A
( )2. —It's time to graduate. We should say “Thanks” to our teachers.
—I think so. We have made great progress _______ the teachers' help. （2024黑龙江齐齐哈尔）
A.with B.through C.under
( )3. Robot dogs were used as volunteers _______ the first time during the 2023 Asian Games.
（2024江苏连云港改编）
A.at B.from C.for
A
C
( )4. —Coco, I can't understand the meaning of this word.
—You'd better look _______ the word in your dictionary.
（2024四川达州改编）
A. for B. up C. after
( )5. Too much sugar can be harmful _______ your health. So eat less sugar. (2024山东东营改编)
A.on B. to C. in
B
B
■（能力过关）选词填空，有两词为多余项
as on of for from in with
6. —May I take your order, Mr. Chen
—I'd like a cup of coffee and a cake ______ usual.(2024福建改编)
7. Kids should spend more time exercising instead ____________ playing with mobile phones. （2024四川宜宾改编）
8. If I can cook some simple meals, my parents will not worry about me when they are busy _______ work.（2024四川乐山改编）
9. I hear ______ my pen pal three times a month.（2024西藏改编）
10. The bus was so crowded that they had to wait ____________ the next one. （2024云南改编）
as
of
with
from
for
编者按 更多介词辨析及短语归纳可见于《教材梳理》，并建议结合《早读本》进行记忆。
语篇考点专练
Hello, my name is Tina. I am an exchange student studying in Sichuan University. When I first came to Chengdu, I was surprised when I saw the traditional Chinese clothes Hanfu. ___1____ that period of time, I was very excited whenever I saw people wearing Hanfu. Seeing I was so crazy about the clothes, my Chinese classmates suggested making a traditional Chinese dress ___2____ me. They used scissors to cut many pieces of cloth and sewed (缝纫) them ___3____ a proper way later.
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Then my Hanfu was there as a whole. I looked beautiful in it. So I often wear it. During the process, I built a good relationship ___4____ my new classmates. I will never forget the happy experience forever. Hanfu has given me a better understanding ___5____ Chinese culture.
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1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________
4. ____________ 5. ____________
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Wu's grandparents took care ___3____ him when he was a little boy, but they couldn't see each other often after he started school. Wu's grandpa died years ago. But there was no picture of him ___4____ the family to remember him with. This made Wu and his family very sad.
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Wu knew that many old people ___5____ his village didn't have pictures either. They didn't have phones with cameras like us, so Wu wanted ___6____ them take pictures.
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( )6. A. help B. to help C. helping
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Wu took pictures of his grandma and other old people in the village. Some of them were not very old, ___7____ they wanted pictures to remember themselves when they were younger.
( )7. A. but B. if C. because
A
Wu learned that it's important to spend time ___8____ family from his experience. He would help more old people in ___9____ village and other places. He would like to see them smiling ___10____ when they look at their pictures. It is just a small thing, but with big love.
（2024青海改编）
( )8. A. with B. on C. in
( )9. A. he B. his C. him
( )10. A. happy B. happily C. happiness
A
B
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It's a sunny and pleasant day. I was tidying my room this morning and found an old photo ___1____ a notebook. As I was looking at it, the lovely memory ___2____ that day came back to me.
It was my mother's 35th birthday ten years ago, and I decided to surprise her ___3____ home-made scrambled eggs(炒蛋). I woke up really early and ___4____ to the kitchen quietly. I had never cooked anything before, ___5____ I tried to copy (仿效) how she did it. But somehow they ended up burnt.
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I was about to throw everything away when my mother came in. I showed her the ___6____ and sadly explained what happened. ___7____ my surprise, she tasted them and said they weren't bad! I guess love is ___8____ a magical ingredient(成分). ___9____ last we took this wonderful photo, laughing and ate them all.
This weekend is ___10____ 45th birthday. I'll make her scrambled eggs again. This time, they won't be burnt!
（2024甘肃白银改编）
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1.____________ 2. ____________
3. ____________ 4. ____________
5. ____________ 6. ____________
7. ____________ 8. ____________
9. ____________ 10. ____________
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