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(共32张PPT)
第二章 动 词
第5节 主 谓 一 致
考点导图
考点精讲精练
【概念】语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致。也就是说，如果主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式;如果主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。
考点1
语法一致
【概念】主谓一致指谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，包括语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
主 语 谓 语 举 例
单数可数名词、不可数名词、表示单数含义的人称代词、不定代词 单数 This new computer works faster than the old one.这台新电脑比那台旧的运行得快。 The air pollution in big cities needs to be reduced.大城市的空气污染需要减少。 Everything is perfectly planned.一切都完美地计划好了。
单个的数字、字母或特殊疑问词 Thirteen is regarded as an unlucky number in some Western countries.在一些西方国家，13被认为是一个不吉利的数字。 Who is responsible for organizing this event 谁负责组织这次活动
主 语 谓 语 举 例
动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句 单数 To win three games is a difficult goal for him.要赢3场比赛对 他来说是一个艰难的目标。 Listening to music makes me feel relaxed.听音乐使我感到 放松。 What people say is not important. What they do is.人们说什么不重要，做了什么才重要。
the number of+复数可数名词 The number of stars in the universe is almost impossible to count.宇宙中星星的数量几乎无法计数。
one /every one /each one/either /neither等+of +复数可数名词 In the final of the 100-meter freestyle swimming event, one of the athletes was the Chinese swimmer Pan Zhanle.在100米自由泳决赛中，其中一位选手是来自中国的游泳运动员潘展乐。
主 语 谓 语 举 例
复数可数名词(5年2考)、 表示复数含义的人称代词 复数 These new computers work faster than those old ones.这些新电脑比那些旧的运行得快。
both ... and ... 连接的并列成分 Both he and his wife enjoy playing tennis.他和他妻子都喜欢打网球。
a number of +复数可数名词 A number of birds fly south in winter.许多鸟在冬天飞往南方
and连接的两个名词 指相同的人或物 单数 The writer and actor was invited to give usa report yesterday.这位作家兼演员昨天被邀请给我们做报告。
指不同的人或物 复 数 The writer and the actor were invited to give us a report yesterday.这位作家和这位演员昨天被邀请给我们做报告。
主 语 谓 语 举 例
主语后面跟with, along with, as well as, rather than, besides, but, except, including, like等词(组)时 与最前面的 主语保持一 致 ( 就 远 原则) The leader of the scientific research team along with his partners is working hard on the new project this year.今年，这个科研团队的领导和他的伙伴们正在努力进行新项目的研究。
kind of /pair of/glass of等量词+名词 取决于量词 的数 This pair of gloves is full oflove for the family.这双手套充满了对家人的爱。
a lot of / lots of / plenty of / the rest of+名词 取决于名词 的数 A lot of children are playing basketball.许多孩子正在打篮球。
分数/百分数+名词 Two thirds of the food is eaten.三分之二的食物被吃完了。
■（基础过关）单项填空
( )1. In China, a number of birthday persons _______ cakes with candles. The number of candles _______ the person's age. (2024黑龙江绥化改编)
A. eat; are B. eats; are C. eat; is
( )2. Having good manners _______ necessary when you visit a foreign country. （2024黑龙江牡丹江）
A. are B. is C. was
C
B
( )3. —What's your plan for the coming Dragon Boat Festival
—Most of us _______ ready to make zongzi.
（2023四川自贡改编）
A. is B. are C. were
B
■（能力过关）用所给单词的适当形式填空
4. Everyone in my class except Tom and Mary ____________ （be）happy at the last sports meeting.
5. Both running and swimming ____________ （keep）me energetic (充满活力的).
6. Each of us ____________ (have) a life goal, which will guide us to a bright future.
was
keep
has
【概念】意义一致即谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致。
考点2
意义一致
主 语 谓 语 举 例
表示时间、金钱、重量、距离、长度等单位名词 单数 10 kilometers is not a long distance by car.10公里对于汽车来说不是一段很长的距离。
“the+形容词”表示一类人 复数 The old are taken good care of in our country.老人在我们的国家得到了很好的照顾。
“the+姓氏的复数形式”表示一家人 The Smiths are having dinner.史密斯一家正在吃晚饭。
people, police等集体名词 The police are taking action.警方正在采取行动。
family, class, group等集体名词 作为一个 整体 单 数 My family is very large.我的家庭很大。
指其中的每一个成员 复 数 My family are all looking forward to the holiday.我的家人都期待着这个假期。
■（基础过关）单项填空
( )1. —Hurry up， Jason！ We're going to the cinema， but the clothes still need washing.
—Don't worry. I think thirty minutes _______ enough.
A. be B. are C. is
( )2. My family _______ preparing for dinner now. We're busy.
A. is B. are C. were
C
B
( )3. The rich _______ not always happier than the poor.
A. is B. are C. was
■（能力过关）用所给单词的适当形式填空
4. The old and the sick ____________ (need) more care and attention in our city.
5. The Browns ____________ (enjoy) having picnics in the park on weekends.
6. People from different backgrounds ____________ (come) together to celebrate this festival.
B
need
enjoy
come
考点3
就近原则
【概念】就近原则即谓语动词的单复数和最靠近它的那个主语的单复数保持一致。
主 语 谓 语 举 例
由or, either ... or ..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but also ... 连接的两个名词或者代词 谓语动词与最靠近它的主语保持一致 Neither my husband nor I am going to eat out tonight.今晚我的丈夫和我都不打算外出吃饭
there be /here be句型 be动词应与其后最近的主语保持一致 There is a TV and some sofas in the living room.客厅里有一台电视机和几张沙发。
■（基础过关）单项填空
( )1. Look! There _______ some information about traffic rules in this book. （2024黑龙江绥化）
A. is B. are C. was
A
( )2. —There _______ many ancient Chinese poems in this book. Which one do you like best
—Climbing a Tower by Wang Zhihuan.（2024吉林长春改编）
A. are B. is C. were
( )3. —Neither Lily nor her parents _______ outdoors when the rainstorm came.
—How lucky they were!
（2023四川达州改编）
A. was B. are C. were
A
C
( )4. Not only Jim but also his sister _______ a few cities since they came to China.（2023内蒙古呼伦贝尔改编）
A. have visited B. has visited C. visit
B
■（能力过关）用所给单词的适当形式填空
5. Not only Tom but also I ____________ (like) reading. We often go to the library together.
6. Either you or he ____________ (be) responsible for this mistake.
7. Neither the teacher nor the students ___________ (be) in the classroom now.
like
is
are
语篇考点专练
一、语法选择
主题：洪水后小城团结抗灾 词数：86 难度：★ 建议用时：3 mins
In a small city after a flood (洪水), the situation is really serious. The number of injured people ___1____ gradually increasing. There ___2____ a lot of challenges to face,
( )1. A. is B. was C. are
( )2. A. is B. are C. were
A
B
but everyone is determined (坚定的). Not only the doctor but also the nurses ___3____ hard to save lives. A number of volunteers also ______4______ to help. Everyone ___5____ doing their best. The community spirit is strong, showing that in the face of difficulties and challenges, people can come together and make a difference.
( )3. A. work B. works C. worked
( )4. A. came B. comes C. come
( )5. A. is B. are C. was
A
C
A
二、语法选择
主题：中国的茶文化 词数：197 难度：★★★ 建议用时：7 mins
Chinese tea plays an important role in people's daily life, both at home and abroad. Millions of people ___1____ a cup of tea at the start of their morning.
( )1. A. has B. have C. had
B
China ___2____ the homeland of tea. It's one of ___3____ tea producers in the world. It mainly ______4____ six kinds of tea—green tea, black tea, Oolong tea, dark tea, white tea and reprocessed(再加工的) tea.
( )2. A. is B. was C. are
( )3. A. big B. bigger C. the biggest
( )4. A. produce B. produces C. will produce
A
C
B
Drinking tea first became popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties. According to the records, it probably started in the southwest of China. In Yunnan, there ___5____ still some wild tea trees that are over 1,000 years old. ___6____ are really uncommon and valuable.
( )5. A. is B. are C. were
( )6. A. They B. Their C. Them
B
A
According to a Chinese legend (传说), tea ___7____ 5,000 years ago by Shen Nong. Shen Nong was the first Chinese herbal (草药) doctor. He was famous ___8____ his work to help many patients.
( )7. A. discover B. was discovered
C. were discovered
( )8. A. as B. with C. for
B
C
He himself tasted lots of herbs. People could have safe medicine just because of ___9____ he did. He discovered tea when he traveled to high mountains and collected ___10____ plants. Thanks to him, one of the world's favorite drinks was invented. （2024四川内江改编）
( )9. A. what B. how C. why
( )10. A. difference B. different C. differently
A
B
三、短文填空
主题：太极拳 词数：237 难度：★★★ 建议用时：8 mins
请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
When my friend suggested that we join the new Tai Chi (太极拳) Club, I thought he was joking. I always believed tai chi was for ___1____ old. However, after the first class, I realized that I was wrong.
I still remember my ___2____ few tai chi classes. The basic skill I learned was keeping a balance (平衡). An action was called “golden rooster (公鸡) standing on one leg”. I tried to stand on one leg， ___3____ I failed many times.
the
first
but
healthy progress one how help the practice but be hard require what
Soon, I felt bored. Just then, my coach taught me ___4____ to relax myself. Not only the coach but also my friend ___5____ kind and helpful. We always encouraged each other. Step by step, I made ___6____. I even wanted to look into the ancient Chinese culture behind tai chi.
Tai chi is deeply from Chinese yin and yang. The practice of it ___7____ to keep a balance through opposites: left and right, up and down … Finally, tai chi brings about a state of body balance and mind peace. To truly master tai chi ___8____ patience, determination and an open mind.
how
was
progress
helps
requires
healthy progress one how help the practice but be hard require what
Now I can honestly say it helps me become much ___9____. More importantly, ___10____ tai chi makes me better understand the Chinese culture. I'm sure I will continue to practice tai chi and enjoy the advantages it has brought me. (2024吉林长春改编)
healthier
practicing
healthy progress one how help the practice but be hard require what
1. ____________ 2. ____________
3. ____________ 4. ____________
5. ____________ 6. ____________
7. ____________ 8. ____________
9. ____________ 10. ____________
the
first
but
how
was
progress
helps
requires
healthier
practicing

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