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2025 秋外研版八年级上册英语期末基础测试卷
一、词汇选择，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
1.It’s important to show ______ for others when getting along with them.
A. selfishness B. understanding C. anger D. pride
2.Easton LaChappelle invented an artificial arm to help people who ______ a hand.
A. have B. lose C. miss D. need
3.Digital payment makes our life more ______ than before.
A. difficult B. convenient C. expensive D. slow
4.We should follow the ______ when taking the train, like not making loud noise.
A. rules B. hobbies C. habits D. interests
5.When the earthquake happened, people were ______ in their houses.
A. sleeping B. sing C. dance D. work
6.The ______ of the new app is to help people learn English easily.
A. problem B. purpose C. question D. answer
7.Sharing joys with friends can ______ happiness.
A. reduce B. double C. hide D. lose
8.The 3-D printer is a great ______ that helps make things quickly.
A. invention B. discovery C. story D. game
9.Don't post your ______ information online, like your address or phone number.
A. personal B. public C. interesting D. important
10.During the storm, the wind was ______ strongly.
A. blowing B. blow C. blows D. blew
11.The ______ of the accident was the heavy rain.
A. result B. cause C. effect D. reason
12.We should ______ to others when we have disagreements.
A. shout B. argue C. step back D. give up
13.The ______ of the story is that kindness can change the world.
A. message B. title C. name D. part
14.The app can ______ you when there is a disaster nearby.
A. warn B. tell C. say D. speak
15.After the disaster, people needed ______ to get back to their lives.
A. courage B. fear C. sadness D. worry
二、 语法选择，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
16.I ______ my homework when the light went out.
A. do B. did C. am doing D. was doing
17.She has ______ in the city for ten years.
A. live B. lived C. living D. to live
18.The teacher asked us ______ the windows before leaving.
A. close B. to close C. closing D. closed
19.They decided ______ a new club to help homeless animals.
A. start B. to start C. starting D. started
20.While he ______ the piano, his mother came back.
A. plays B. played C. is playing D. was playing
21.The invention ______ people to communicate more easily.
A. allows B. allow C. to allow D. allowing
22.We should learn ______ after a disaster.
A. recover B. to recover C. recovering D. recovered
23.He ______ his bike since last year.
A. has had B. have had C. had D. has
24.The rule is ______ students from fighting at school.
A. stop B. to stop C. stopping D. stopped
25.She enjoys ______ stories to her classmates.
A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told
26.They were walking in the park when it ______ to rain.
A. begin B. began C. begins D. was beginning
27.The app helps me ______ new words every day.
A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned
28.He has ______ the book for two weeks.
A. borrow B. borrowed C. keep D. kept
29.The purpose of the project is ______ people's lives.
A. improve B. to improve C. improving D. improved
30.While they ______ the game, their friends arrived.
A. play B. played C. are playing D. were playing
三、词汇填空，根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
31.We should show u______ for others' feelings.
32.The a______ arm helps people who lost their hands.
33.Digital technology makes our life more c______.
34.Don't break the r______ in the library.
35.The d______ destroyed many houses and killed many people.
36.The ______ (目的) of the invention is to help blind people.
37.She ______ (分享) her food with her classmates yesterday.
38.We need to ______ (设计) a new plan for the project.
39.The ______ (地震) happened in the middle of the night.
40.He ______ (允许) us to use his computer.
41.The ______ (影响) of the storm was very serious.
42.They ______ (争论) over the best way to solve the problem.
43.The ______ (规则) says we can't eat in class.
44.She showed great ______ (勇气) in the face of danger.
45.The ______ (发明) of the smartphone changed our lives.
四、语法填空，阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
One day, while I ______46 (walk) home from school, it suddenly started to rain heavily. I ______ 47(not bring) an umbrella, so I had to run to a shop nearby. While I ______ 48(wait) for the rain to stop, I saw an old man standing outside. He ______ 49(look) cold and wet, so I decided ______50 (share) my umbrella with him when the rain stopped. Finally, the rain stopped, and I walked with him to his house. He thanked me and said I was very kind. I ______ 51(feel) happy because I helped someone in need. Since then, I ______ 52(learn) that sharing can bring joy to both others and myself. It's important ______53 (be) kind to others, and you never know when you might need help too. So always try ______54 (help) others when you 55（can）!
五、 阅读理解（共 4 篇，20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）
A
Once upon a time, there was a selfish giant who had a beautiful garden. Every afternoon, children played in the garden, but the giant didn't like it. He built a high wall around the garden and told the children not to come in. After that, spring never came to the garden. It was always winter there.
One day, the giant heard birds singing and saw a little child in the garden. The child was standing under a tree, and the tree was covered with flowers. The giant realized that he was too selfish. He knocked down the wall and let the children play in the garden again. From then on, spring came back, and the garden was full of life.
56.What did the giant do to the garden
A. He built a wall. B. He planted more trees.
C. He sold it. D. He opened it to everyone.
57.Why didn’t spring come to the garden
A. Because it was too cold.
B. Because the giant was selfish.
C. Because there were no trees.
D. Because the children didn’t come.
58.How did the giant feel when he saw the child
A. Angry. B. Sad. C. Ashamed. D. Bored.
59.What happened after the giant knocked down the wall
A. The children left. B. Spring came back.
C. It became winter. D. The garden was empty.
60.What’s the message of the story
A. Don’t be selfish. B. Always be kind.
C. Share with others. D. All of the above.
B
In 2008, a terrible earthquake hit Wenchuan, Sichuan. Many people lost their homes and families. Niu Yu was 11 years old then, and she lost her right leg. She used to love running, but the disaster broke her dream.
With the support of her family and friends, Niu Yu didn't give up. She got an artificial leg and started to find herself again. In 2018, she finished a half marathon in about 4 hours. Now, she shares her story on social media to encourage other survivors.
61.When did the earthquake happen
A. In 2008. B. In 2011. C. In 2018. D. In 2023.
62.What happened to Niu Yu
A. She lost her family. B. She lost her leg.
C. She lost her home. D. She lost her job.
63.How did Niu Yu encourage others
A. By running marathons. B. By sharing her story.
C. By giving speeches. D. By building houses.
64.What does “survivors” mean in the passage
A. People who lost their legs. B. People who love running.
C. People who survived disasters. D. People who use social media.
65.What can we learn from Niu Yu’s story
A. Never give up. B. Always run marathons.
C. Use social media often. D. Stay with family.
C
Digital technology has changed our lives a lot. In China, digital payment is very popular. People can pay for things with their smartphones, so they don’t need to carry cash. Shared bikes make it easy to get around cities. Online shopping and food delivery apps save people’s time.
However, there are also some problems. For example, some people spend too much time on their phones and don’t talk to others. Digital technology is useful, but we should use it wisely.
66.What is popular in China
A. Cash payment. B. Digital payment.
C. Shopping in stores. D. Taking buses.
67.How do shared bikes help people
A. They make cities beautiful. B. They help people get around easily.
C. They are very cheap. D. They are fast.
68.What’s the problem of digital technology
A. It’s expensive. B. It's difficult to use.
C. People spend too much time on phones. D. It's not safe.
69.What does “wisely” mean
A. Carelessly. B. Carefully. C. Quickly. D. Slowly.
70.What’s the best title for the passage
A. The Advantages of Digital Technology
B. The Disadvantages of Digital Technology
C. Digital Technology: Helpful but Need to Use Wisely
D. How to Use Digital Technology
D
Rules are important in our life. They help us get along with others and keep order. For example, on the train, we should be quiet and not eat smelly food. In the classroom, we should listen to the teacher and not talk loudly.
But sometimes, people break rules. What should we do We can talk to them politely and tell them why rules are important. If everyone follows the rules, the world will be a better place.
71.Why are rules important
A. They help us make friends. B. They keep order.
C. They make us happy. D. They help us study.
72.What's a rule on the train
A. Eat smelly food. B. Talk loudly.
C. Be quiet. D. Play music.
73.What should we do when people break rules
A. Shout at them. B. Talk to them politely.
C. Ignore them. D. Fight with them.
74.What does "order" mean in the passage
A. 命令 B. 顺序 C. 规则 D. 秩序
75.What's the main idea of the passage
A. Rules are important. B. How to make rules.
C. Why people break rules. D. Rules in different places.
六、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
One day, Lucy and Lily had an argument. They both wanted to use the computer, but there was only one. Lucy said she needed it to finish her homework, 76 Lily wanted to watch a movie. They 77 for a long time.
Their mother saw the problem and 78 them to come to the living room. She told them a story about two friends who 79 over a toy. The friends didn't talk to each other for days, and both felt 80 .
After hearing the story, Lucy and Lily 81 that they were being selfish. They decided to 82 . Lucy did her homework first, and then Lily watched her movie. They 83 that sharing and understanding are important in 84 .
From then on, they 85 to solve problems by talking and listening to each other. They became better friends than before.
76. A. so B. but C. or D. and
77. A. argued B. talked C. smiled D. helped
78. A. asked B. told C. said D. made
79. A. played B. fought C. shared D. worked
80. A. happy B. sad C. angry D. excited
81. A. realized B. thought C. said D. knew
82. A. fight B. shout C. step back D. give up
83. A. learned B. taught C. saw D. heard
84. A. families B. schools C. relationships D. classes
85. A. wanted B. tried C. had D. needed
七、书面表达（满分 10 分）
请以 "The Power of Understanding" 为题，写一篇短文。内容包括：
1.描述一次你与朋友之间的误会或矛盾；
2.你们是如何解决的；
3.从这件事中你学到了什么。
要求：
1.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名；
2.词数 80 左右；
3.请书写工整，语句通顺，意思连贯。
参考答案及解析
一、词汇选择题（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
1.B 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. A
6.B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A
11.B 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. A
解析：
1.B. understanding句意：与人相处时，表达对他人的理解很重要。
2.B. lose句意：Easton LaChappelle 发明了人造手臂来帮助失去手的人。
3.B. convenient句意：数字支付使我们的生活比以前更便捷。
4.A. rules句意：乘火车时我们应遵守规则，如不制造噪音。
5.A. sleeping句意：地震发生时，人们正在家里睡觉。
6.B. purpose句意：新应用程序的目的是帮助人们轻松学英语。
7.B. double句意：与朋友分享喜悦能让快乐加倍。
8.A. invention句意：3D 打印机是帮助快速制造物品的伟大发明。
9.A. personal句意：不要在网上发布你的个人信息，如地址或电话号码。
10.A. blowing句意：暴风雨期间，风刮得很猛。过去进行时结构为 “was/were + 现在分词”，blowing 符合语法，其他时态错误。
11.B. cause句意：事故的原因是大雨。
12.C. step back句意：有分歧时我们应向他人让步。
13.A. message句意：这个故事的寓意是善良能改变世界。
14.A. warn句意：附近有灾难时，这款应用能提醒你。
15.A. courage句意：灾难过后，人们需要勇气重返生活。
二、语法选择（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
答案：
16.D 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. D
21.A 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C
26.B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D
解析：
16.D. was doing考点：过去进行时（表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作）。句意：灯熄灭时，我正在做作业。
17.B. lived考点：现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词）。句意：她在这个城市住了十年。
“for ten years” 为时间段，用现在完成时，lived 是过去分词。
18.B. to close考点：ask sb. to do sth.（动词不定式作宾语补足语）。
19.B. to start考点：decide to do sth.（动词不定式作宾语）。句意：他们决定成立一个新俱乐部帮助无家可归的动物。
20.D. was playing考点：while 引导的时间状语从句（强调过去某段时间内正在进行的动作）。
21.A. allows考点：主谓一致（主语为单数名词时，谓语动词用第三人称单数）。句意：这项发明让人们沟通更便捷。
22.B. to recover考点：learn to do sth.（动词不定式作宾语）。句意：我们应学会在灾难后重建。
23.A. has had考点：现在完成时（延续性动词与时间段连用）。句意：他从去年起就拥有这辆自行车了。
24.B. to stop考点：动词不定式作表语（说明主语的目的）。句意：这条规则是为了阻止学生在学校打架。
25.C. telling考点：enjoy doing sth.（动名词作宾语）。句意：她喜欢给同学讲故事。
26.B. began考点：一般过去时（when 引导的时间状语从句中，动作突然发生）。句意：他们在公园散步时，天开始下雨。
27.A. learn考点：help sb. (to) do sth.（省略 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语）。句意：这款应用每天帮我学新单词。
28.D. kept考点：现在完成时（延续性动词与时间段连用）。句意：这本书他借了两周了。
29.B. to improve考点：动词不定式作表语（说明主语的内容）。句意：这个项目的目的是改善人们的生活。
30.D. were playing考点：while 引导的时间状语从句（强调过去某段时间内正在进行的动作）。句意：他们在玩游戏时，朋友到了。
三、 词汇填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
31.understanding
32.artificial
33.convenient
34.rules
35.disaster
36.purpose
37.shared
38.design
39.earthquake
40.allowed/allows
41.influence/effect
42.argued
43.rule
44.courage
45.invention
解析：
31.understanding（理解）首字母 u，“show understanding for others' feelings” 表示 “体谅他人感受”。
32.artificial（人造的）首字母 a，“artificial arm” 为 “人造手臂”，与后文 “lost their hands” 呼应。
33.convenient（便捷的）首字母 c，“more convenient” 表示 “更便捷”，符合数字技术的特点。
34.rules（规则）首字母 r，“break the rules” 为固定搭配 “违反规则”。
35.disaster（灾难）首字母 d，“destroyed many houses” 提示为 “灾难”，可用 disaster。
36.purpose（目的）“the purpose of...” 表示 “…… 的目的”，后接不定式 to help。
37.shared（分享）时间状语 yesterday 提示用一般过去时，“share sth. with sb.” 为固定搭配。
38.design（设计）“need to do sth.” 结构中用动词原形，“design a plan” 表示 “设计方案”。
39.earthquake（地震）“happened in the middle of the night” 结合常识，可用 earthquake（地震）。
40.allowed/allows（允许）可理解为过去发生的动作（allowed）或客观事实（allows），“allow sb. to do sth.” 为固定搭配。
41.influence/effect（影响）“the influence/effect of the storm” 表示 “暴风雨的影响”，两者均可。
42.argued（争论）“argue over sth.” 表示 “为某事争论”，时态可用一般过去时。
43.rule（规则）谓语动词 says 为第三人称单数，主语用单数 rule。
44.courage（勇气）“show great courage” 表示 “表现出极大勇气”，不可数名词。
45.invention（发明）“the invention of the smartphone” 表示 “智能手机的发明”，名词形式。
四、语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
答案：
46.was walking
47.hadn't brought
48.was waiting
49.looked
50.to share
51.felt
52.have learned
53.to be
54.to help
55.can
解析：
46.was walkingwhile 引导的时间状语从句，用过去进行时表示 “正在走路时突然下雨”。
47.hadn't brought“没带伞” 发生在 “跑向商店” 之前，用过去完成时 “hadn't brought”。
48.was waitingwhile 从句用过去进行时，表示 “正在等雨停时看到老人”。
49.looked系动词 look 后接形容词，用一般过去时 “looked cold” 表示 “看起来冷”。
50.to sharedecide to do sth.（决定做某事），用不定式 “to share”。
51.felt主句与从句时态一致，用一般过去时 “felt happy”。
52.have learned“since then” 提示现在完成时，“have learned” 表示 “从那以后学会了”。
53.to beIt's important to do sth.（做某事很重要），用不定式 “to be kind”。
54.to helptry to do sth.（努力做某事），用不定式 “to help others”。
55.用can.
五、阅读理解（共 4 篇，20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）
A 篇（自私的巨人）
56.A（细节题）解析：第一段 “He built a high wall around the garden” 直接提及建墙，选 A。
57.B（推理题）解析：巨人自私地不让孩子进入花园，导致春天不来，选 B。
58.C（推断题）解析：巨人看到孩子后意识到自己自私，感到羞愧（ashamed），选 C。
59.B（细节题）解析：最后一段 “spring came back” 表明拆墙后春天回归，选 B。
60.D（主旨题）解析：故事呼吁不要自私、保持善良、学会分享，选 D “以上都是”。
B 篇（牛钰的故事）
61.A（细节题）解析：第一段 “In 2008, a terrible earthquake hit Wenchuan” 明确时间，选 A。
62.B（细节题）解析：第一段 “she lost her right leg” 说明她失去了腿，选 B。
63.B（细节题）解析：第二段 “shares her story on social media to encourage other survivors” 表明通过分享故事鼓励他人，选 B。
64.C（词义题）解析：“survivors” 指 “灾难幸存者”，选 C。
65.A（主旨题）解析：牛钰在灾难后不放弃，最终完成半马，体现 “永不言弃”，选 A。
C 篇（数字技术）
66.B（细节题）解析：第一段 “In China, digital payment is very popular” 直接提及，选 B。
67.B（细节题）解析：第一段 “Shared bikes make it easy to get around cities” 说明方便出行，选 B。
68.C（细节题）解析：第二段 “some people spend too much time on their phones” 为问题，选 C。
69.B（词义题）解析：“wisely” 意为 “明智地”，与 carefully（谨慎地）近义，选 B。
70.C（主旨题）解析：文章既讲数字技术的好处，也提及其问题，呼吁明智使用，选 C。
D 篇（规则的重要性）
71.B（细节题）解析：第一段 “They help us... keep order” 说明规则维持秩序，选 B。
72.C（细节题）解析：第一段 “on the train, we should be quiet” 为规则，选 C。
73.B（细节题）解析：第二段 “talk to them politely” 为建议，选 B。
74.D（词义题）解析：“keep order” 意为 “维持秩序”，选 D。
75.A（主旨题）解析：全文围绕 “规则很重要” 展开，选 A。
第六部分 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
答案：
76.B 77. A 78. A 79. B 80. B
81.A 82. C 83. A 84. C 85. B
解析：
76.B. but前后为转折关系（Lucy 做作业 vs. Lily 看电影），选 but。
77.A. argued前文 “had an argument” 提示用 argued（争吵），选 A。
78.A. askedask sb. to do sth.（要求某人做某事），符合语境，选 A。
79.B. foughtfight over sth.（为某事争吵），与前文 argument 呼应，选 B。
80.B. sad朋友不说话，双方都感到难过（sad），选 B。
81.A. realized听故事后 “意识到” 自己自私，选 realized（意识到），选 A。
82.C. step back她们决定让步（step back），轮流使用电脑，选 C。
83.A. learned“认识到分享和理解的重要性”，用 learned（学到），选 A。
84.C. relationships人际关系（relationships）中分享很重要，选 C。
85.B. triedtry to do sth.（努力做某事），她们努力通过沟通解决问题，选 B。
第七部分 书面表达（满分 10 分）
写作思路：
1.矛盾描述：可写因误会争吵（如误以为朋友抄袭作业）。
2.解决方式：通过老师调解或主动沟通澄清误会。
3.学到的道理：理解他人、及时沟通是维持友谊的关键。
参考范文：
The Power of Understanding
Last month, my friend May forgot to return my notebook, and I thought she lost it. I was angry and didn't talk to her for days. Later, she explained that her brother accidentally took it to school. We talked about it and realized misunderstandings happen. I learned that understanding and communication can solve problems and strengthen friendship.

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