资源简介
2025届江西省吉安市第一中学高三下学期高考强化训练(五)英语试题
一、阅读理解
United Nations Volunteers (UNV) calls everyone over the age of 18 to be part of a logo competition for the International Volunteer Year 2026 (IVY 2026). The United Nations General Assembly has declared 2026 the International Year of Volunteers for Sustainable Development. This milestone offers an opportunity to celebrate volunteers and their contributions on a global stage.
A logo for IVY 2026 should reflect what Member States of the United Nations highlight through the General Assembly Resolution A/RES/78/127 — which recognizes volunteerism as a powerful and cross-cutting means to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals and encourages support for volunteer action.
The IVY 2026 logo competition starts on 5-December, 2024 at 1:00 pm (CET) and closes on 12 January, 2025 at 1:00 pm (CET).How to win
●Be creative and design a logo relevant to the message of IVY 2026.
●Make sure your logo is easy to reproduce and adaptable to different mediums.
The design should be clear, readable at a distance, and impactful at variable sizes.
A winning logo will be selected by a UNV jury (评判委员会) based on the above criteria.How to submit your logo design
●Submit your design in letter size format (21.5cm×28.0 cm).
●Designs must be 300 dpi and have a maximum size of 10 MB.
●Accepted file types: pdf, jpeg, jpg, png, tif, tiff, ai, eps.
Send your logo design to ivylogo@unv.org with an email that includes: (1) a statement of no more than 100 words explaining how the submitted design interprets IVY 2026; (2) a written confirmation that the design is original.
In case of questions, please write an email to ivy.logo@unv.org.
1.What is the main purpose of the IVY 2026
A.To generate funding for volunteer programs.
B.To celebrate volunteers and honor their contributions.
C.To promote the United Nations Volunteers organization.
D.To raise awareness about the Sustainable Development Goals.
2.Who will select the winning logo for the IVY 2026 logo competition
A.A panel of judges from UNV.
B.The public voting through the Internet.
C.The United Nations General Assembly.
D.A jury organized by different countries.
3.Which is a requirement for the logo design submission
A.The design must include a biography.
B.The design must be no larger than 10 MB.
C.The design must be submitted in a special letter.
D.The design must have a more-than-100-word statement.
My father’s thrift (节俭) philosophy shaped my youth. Unlike peers receiving pocket money, I never got a penny — not from cruelty, but to build self-reliance. Each morning, he’d note, “Mrs. Wilson needs her garden weeded; Mr. Carter requires help sorting bottles.” I earned coins through seasonal work in the neighborhood: sweeping leaves, shoveling snow and babysitting.
Savings filled the tin under my bed, its weight showing my growing pride. Though he occasionally borrowed for emergencies (a flat tire or a medical bill), repayment was exact and timely. When I lost two months’ earnings in a failed lemonade business, his only words were, “Live and learn.” At twelve, I considered this cruel; at thirty, I value its wisdom — true lessons grow through doing.
Modern thrift education focuses on saving, but ignores its key point: earning. Father believed “earned coins teach value; given coins generate greed” — a truth wealthy families overlook while advocating thrift. By delivering papers at dawn and mowing lawns at dusk, I learned that true thrift is a triad (三位一体) — earn through labor, save with intention, spend with care. This trio, unteachable in classrooms, roots in blistered (满是水泡的) hands and difficult situations.
Locally, supermarkets throws outdated bread (still eatable) as shelters beg for donations. Witnessing global contrasts inspires my resolve: 1.3 billion tons of food go bad annually — enough to feed all the hungry — while 800 million starve. This phenomenon fuels my Food Rescue project — redirecting bakery remains to food banks and training youth to reuse deserted furniture for schools. Through such acts, thrift becomes social justice. As Father said, “Earning teaches respect for resources.” In our wasteful era, thrift transforms from personal discipline to collective duty.
4.Why did the author work for neighbors during his youth
A.To raise fund for his project. B.To help neighbors in need.
C.To meet his father’s principle. D.To solve weight problems.
5.What does the author now think about his father’s words “Live and learn”
A.A plus. B.A burden. C.A dilemma. D.A cruelty.
6.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A.The role of true thrift. B.The examples of true thrift.
C.The core of true thrift. D.The challenges of true thrift.
7.Why does the author mention the global food waste data
A.To evaluate modern school systems. B.To stress thrift’s application in society.
C.To urge stricter laws against food waste. D.To compare different consumption habits.
One major issue in contemporary medical science is the use of humans in clinical trials of medical products. These trials occur frequently to determine the best way to manage diseases.
People are invited randomly and paid to take part in trials of an experimental drug, or new surgical procedure, in a number of countries at the one time. For example, up to a quarter of patients in some fields like breast cancer may be engaged. Other projects, one of which is to determine whether new scanning techniques can detect Alzheimer’s disease, are under way. They may be given the drug or a placebo (安慰剂), or the best existing treatment, and results compared. The trials may be ”blind” with the patient not knowing which group they are in or they may be a “double-blind” with the doctors not knowing either.
Actually, so many people offer themselves willingly. Patients take the views that at least they will get special attention from the doctor if they participate and they may get access to new drugs before they become available in chemists’ shops. In some countries people are paid to participate, especially in poorer countries where they may be told little of what is actually happening.
Yet there are significant risks too. One US study estimated that one in 30 people suffered side effects from such trials, and one in 10, 000 dies. Doctors say that the risk is not so great during the trial itself, where patients are closely monitored, but comes when the drug is released on the market place. For example, in 2004 a US company recalled an arthritis drug, when it was found that after 18 months of use, the risk of heart attack and stroke increased.
People who support testing claim the risks to the individual are small compared with the benefits. Even if the individual has adverse outcomes and their condition worsens, that is valuable information for the drug company. While the drug companies usually pay for the hospital trials, government has set up medical committees to handle the issue.
8.What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A.The purpose of medical trial.
B.The procedure of medical trial.
C.The groups of medical trial.
D.The result of medical trial.
9.Why does the author mention the example in the fourth paragraph
A.To tell us a lot of patients die from the medical trials.
B.To show the risk of heart attack and stroke has increased.
C.To introduce the risks of the medical trials are not so great.
D.To explain the risks of some drugs appear when they are sold.
10.What does the underlined word “adverse“ in the last paragraph mean
A.negative
B.effective
C.subjective
D.impressive
11.What would the author most probably discuss next
A.How the government prevents clinical trials.
B.How the government gathers the information.
C.How the medical committees pay for the hospital trials.
D.How the medical committees solve the problem.
Evolution can perform spectacular changes. But some organisms like the coelacanth, a modern-day fish, seem to change very little over eras.
Scientists have long wondered how these species withstand the pressures of natural selection. The current theory for this “stasis paradox (停滞悖论)” is that stabilizing selection, which favors moderate features, keeps some species unchanged, unlike directional selection that causes change. However, a study published in the PNAS contradicts this idea, showing that evolution constantly favors different features in seemingly unchanging animals that improve short-term survival. In the long term, though, “all that evolution cancels out and leads to no change,” says the study’s lead author, James Stroud, a biologist at the Georgia Institute.
Stroud and his colleagues studied four anole lizard(变色龙蜥蜴) species, all relatively unchanged for 20 million years, living on a small island in Florida. The researchers captured members of these populations every six months for three years. They measured each lizard’s head size, leg length, mass and height, as well as the size of its sticky toe pads, noting which individuals survived. Stroud expected to observe stabilizing selection at work preserving moderate features. Instead he saw clearer evidence of directional selection: some lizards with unique features, such as stickier toes survived better in the short term.
In each generation, though, the best features changed — for instance, long legs aided survival in some years and short legs in others. The direction and strength of selection swung so much that sometimes there was no clear pattern.
Because the new study shows that natural selection favored extreme features from year to year rather than moderate ones, its results don’t support the theory of stabilizing selection. Many new features are evolving in the short term, but they don’t provide a crucial advantage over the long term. In other words, species in stasis may simply have found the best possible combination of features for lasting success in their environment.
So what happens when a static(静态的) species environment changes more dramatically To help answer this bigger question, Stroud is still making trips to Florida to follow ever more generations of the lizards.
12.What is “stasis paradox” according to the text
A.Directional selection keeps some species unchanged.
B.Some species change rapidly while others remain unchanged.
C.Some species seem free from the pressures of natural selection.
D.Stabilizing selection prefers extreme features keeping species changed.
13.What did Stroud and his colleagues do in the study of anole lizards
A.Comparing different lizard species and studying their fossils.
B.Studying various features of lizards and their survival.
C.Measuring the survival rate of lizards every year.
D.Focusing on the living conditions of lizards.
14.What did Stroud find in the study of anole lizards
A.Some features of lizards changed in a short term.
B.Stabilizing selection played a key role in evolution.
C.Many evolved new features can offer a lasting benefit.
D.Sharp environment changes caused great effects on lizards.
15.Which can be a suitable title for the text
A.Stabilizing Selection: The Key to Species Stasis.
B.Stasis Paradox: The Traditional Theory Proven Right.
C.Directional Selection: The Dominant Force in Species Evolution.
D.Rethinking Stasis Paradox: Insights from Anole Lizard Studies.
Many high school seniors approach the college application essay with anxiety. They feel their lives are too ordinary to create a story that will impress admissions officers. 16 It just needs to be a genuine reflection of their personal growth, drawn from everyday moments.
I once worked with a boy who had no idea what to write about. Family Favorite subject He kept silent until I suggested, “Hobbies ” He shyly said, “I like boxing.” Then his essay unfolded, not about boxing itself, but about self-discipline and resilience (坚韧), qualities that any college would admire. So look into the things that shape you. 17
Some students try to catch attention by writing their essays in unconventional forms, such as a poem or a play. Most still follow the traditional storytelling model: a hook (引子), a story, and a lesson learned. 18 For example, the rough edges and the pleasant smell of her father’s handmade furniture inspired one girl to become an engineer. The magic is in the details and emotional depth.
As a writing tutor, I was hung up on language rules at first. Should I help my students stick to “standard English,” or let them write the way they naturally speak — even if that includes informal expressions 19 It’s also about expressing ideas naturally and making connections with readers. It doesn’t hurt to tell a humorous childhood incident in a light, conversational tone.
20 Essay writing teaches students to express themselves with precision through rethinking ideas, refining language, and rewriting drafts. With multiple edits, they will uncover deeper insights and create a story only they can tell.
A.After all, I preferred a formal writing style.
B.A great essay eventually takes form in revision.
C.I soon realized writing isn’t just about language.
D.That’s why they try to make up appealing stories.
E.Whatever the form, an essay stands out for its story.
F.Once a topic clicks, the essay practically writes itself.
G.But a powerful essay doesn’t require a dramatic story.
二、完形填空
Earlier this year, I took a part-time job at Moonmilk, a cake and ice cream shop. While my initial 21 was simply to earn some extra cash, the connections and memories there far 22 the pay.
One memorable moment came when a local theater manager 23 a cake to celebrate a (n) 24 victory against a landlord’s unreasonable attempt to raise rent. Touched by their story, Moonmilk’s owner waived (免除) the charge for it. Later, the manager 25 free theater tickets to our staff in return for the 26 .
I grew particularly fond of the interactions with some elderly customers. They showed genuine concern for me, often asking if I was tired after a long shift. One 27 , always alone with a smile, was especially kind. He always selected an ice cream carefully and declared we 28 the best one in the city.
Then there was the one who frequently visited, 29 about our chocolate orange ice cream flavor, which we only offered during Christmas. Despite my 30 “no,” his persistence became a source of joy on my tiring days, a reminder of the simple 31 in busy life. Every day, I experienced distinct happiness even though I had numerous tasks to 32 there.
As fall approaches, my schoolwork becomes more 33 , forcing me to reduce my shifts at Moonmilk. However, I’ll miss the summer 34 and the interactions there. The experience has 35 my bond with the community, which will last till the end of this year. Hopefully, the orange chocolate ice cream will return then.
21.A.judgement B.approach C.response D.goal
22.A.overestimated B.outweighed C.miscalculated D.undercharged
23.A.ordered B.shared C.enjoyed D.delivered
24.A.unexpected B.one-sided C.historic D.hard-won
25.A.recommended B.gifted C.collected D.reserved
26.A.service B.trust C.kindness D.discount
27.A.regular B.colleague C.relative D.assistant
28.A.purchased B.stored C.served D.shared
29.A.talking B.inquiring C.hearing D.complaining
30.A.impatient B.hesitant C.awkward D.consistent
31.A.solution B.assignment C.pleasure D.truth
32.A.simplify B.assign C.evaluate D.address
33.A.demanding B.boring C.rewarding D.flexible
34.A.sunshine B.rush C.peace D.camp
35.A.restored B.broken C.strengthened D.weakened
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the digital age, many young people tend to share marriage announcements on social media platforms like Sina Weibo. Yet a new trend has reemerged — publishing marriage announcements in traditional newspapers. 36 quick search on the topic “publishing marriage announcements in newspapers” will bring up 37 (variety) posts, along with those who have done so sharing their experiences.
38 short-lived digital posts, newspaper announcements provide a sense of permanence, offering a meaningful way 39 (keep) memories during a time when digital content can’t last. Some young people view publishing marriage announcements in newspapers as more formal than 40 in social media, and they describe it as a 41 (commit) written in black ink and on white paper — a declaration of the couple’s promise to grow old together.
However, this practice is not a new phenomenon in China. In the first half of the twentieth century, when marriage laws were still underdeveloped, such announcements 42 (carry) legal significance. They allowed couples to 43 (public) share their joyous news with their family and friends.
The regained popularity serves as an example of 44 tradition can better adapt to modern times. By combining cultural heritage with personal creativity, it offers meaningful rituals (仪式) in today’s digital world. These announcements, as symbols of love and individuality, remind us that some traditions are worth 45 (preserve).
四、书信写作
46.假定你是李华,上周你参加了学校组织的“变废为宝”活动。请给你的英国朋友Thomas写封邮件,分享这次活动,内容包括:
1. 你的作品介绍;
2. 你的感受。
注意:1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Thomas,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was really starving when I stepped out of the city library after an entire afternoon buried in books. Then I smelt something delicious—the hot dog stand at the street corner.
“One hot dog, please!” I nearly rushed to the stand.
“OK, ready soon!” The vendor (摊主) replied cheerfully. As he handed me the hot dog, he grinned, “You deserve the best hot dog in the world!” I guessed that was the slogan for his little business, for the words were painted in cheerful yellow letters on his cart.
I couldn’t wait to take a bite. The warm bread, the chilli sauce and the juice in the sausage — it was the best thing in the world! Definitely at that time!
“Five dollars, young lady,” the vendor said, wiping his hands on his apron.
Hot dog in one hand, I reached for my wallet with the other. Just then, “Ouch!” a cry came from behind me. I turned back and found a woman in her 50’s struggling to pick herself up from the ground. Her grocery bag split open with oranges rolling in every direction.
Seeing this, I stuffed the rest of the hot dog into my mouth, picked up the oranges and put them back into her bag. “Are you okay ” I asked with concern.
“Thank you. I didn’t see the pole on the ground,” she breathed. Noticing her hand was wounded, I remembered the Band-Aid(创可贴)in my bag and dug it out. “Thank you so much for your kindness,” the woman said as I carefully applied it to her wound. Across the street, the bus I was about to take was pulling in. Waving a goodbye to the woman, I dashed to the bus stop and barely got aboard before the door closed.
As the bus pulled away, I saw the woman bought a hot dog from the same vendor. On the way, I was always wondering if she would be greeted with the same words, “You deserve the best hot dog in the world!” I was lost in it...
注意:
1.续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But wait — had I forgotten something
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Someone has paid for it,” the vendor smiled.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.B
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了联合国志愿者组织呼吁所有年满18岁的人参加2026年国际志愿者年(IVY 2026)的标志设计竞赛。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“The United Nations General Assembly has declared 2026 the International Year of Volunteers for Sustainable Development. This milestone offers an opportunity to celebrate volunteers and their contributions on a global stage. (联合国大会宣布2026年为可持续发展志愿人员国际年。这一里程碑为庆祝志愿者及其在全球舞台上的贡献提供了一个机会。)”可知,2026 年国际志愿者年(IVY 2026)的主要目的是庆祝志愿者并表彰他们的贡献。故选B项。
2.推理判断题。根据How to win中“A winning logo will be selected by a UNV jury (评判委员会) based on the above criteria. (联合国志愿人员评审团将根据上述标准选出获奖徽标。)” 可知,获胜的标志将由联合国志愿者组织(UNV)的评判委员会根据上述标准选出。故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据How to submit your logo design部分的“Designs must be 300 dpi and have a maximum size of 10 MB. (设计必须为300dpi,最大大小为10 MB。)”可知,设计必须是 300dpi,且最大尺寸为 10MB,即设计不得大于 10MB。故选B项。
【答案】4.C 5.A 6.C 7.B
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者父亲的节俭哲学对其成长的影响,阐述了真正节俭的核心,并通过全球食物浪费现象说明节俭可成为社会正义。
【详解】4.细节理解题。根据第一段中“My father’s thrift (节俭) philosophy shaped my youth. Unlike peers receiving pocket money, I never got a penny — not from cruelty, but to build self-reliance. Each morning, he’d note, “Mrs. Wilson needs her garden weeded; Mr. Carter requires help sorting bottles.” I earned coins through seasonal work in the neighborhood: sweeping leaves, shoveling snow and babysitting.(我父亲的节俭哲学塑造了我的青春。与那些拿到零花钱的同龄人不同,我一分钱都没拿到过——这并非出于他的残忍,而是为了培养我的自立能力。每天早上,他都会说:‘威尔逊夫人需要有人给她的花园除草;卡特先生需要有人帮忙分拣瓶子。’我通过在社区里做季节性的工作来赚取硬币:扫落叶、铲雪和照看孩子)”可知,作者在年轻时为邻居工作是为了遵循父亲培养他自立的原则。故选C项。
5.细节理解题。根据第二段中“When I lost two months’ earnings in a failed lemonade business, his only words were, “Live and learn.” At twelve, I considered this cruel; at thirty, I value its wisdom — true lessons grow through doing.(当我在一次失败的柠檬水生意中损失了两个月的收入时,他只说了一句:“吃一堑,长一智”十二岁时,我认为这很残酷;三十岁时,我珍视这句话的智慧——真正的教训是通过实践获得的)”可知,作者现在认为父亲说的“吃一堑,长一智”是有价值的。故选A项。
6.主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Father believed “earned coins teach value; given coins generate greed” — a truth wealthy families overlook while advocating thrift. By delivering papers at dawn and mowing lawns at dusk, I learned that true thrift is a triad (三位一体) — earn through labor, save with intention, spend with care.(父亲认为“挣来的硬币能教会人懂得价值;白给的硬币会滋生贪婪”——这是富裕家庭在倡导节俭时忽略的一个事实。通过黎明送报纸和黄昏修剪草坪,我明白了真正的节俭是三位一体的——通过劳动挣钱、有目的地存钱、谨慎地花钱)”可知,该段主要阐述了真正节俭的核心。故选C项。
7.推理判断题。根据第四段中“Locally, supermarkets throws outdated bread (still eatable) as shelters beg for donations. Witnessing global contrasts inspires my resolve: 1.3 billion tons of food go bad annually — enough to feed all the hungry — while 800 million starve. This phenomenon fuels my Food Rescue project — redirecting bakery remains to food banks and training youth to reuse deserted furniture for schools. Through such acts, thrift becomes social justice.(在当地,超市扔掉过期但仍可食用的面包,而收容所却在乞求捐赠。目睹全球的这种反差激发了我的决心:每年有13亿吨食物变质——这些食物足以养活所有饥饿的人——而有8亿人在挨饿。这种现象促使我开展了‘食物救援’项目——将面包店剩余的食物转运到食品银行,并培训年轻人为学校重新利用废弃家具。通过这些行动,节俭变成了社会正义)”可知,作者提及全球食物浪费数据让人震惊,为的是强调节俭在社会中的应用。故选B项。
【答案】8.B 9.D 10.A 11.D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述当代医学科学的一个主要问题是在医疗产品的临床试验中使用人体,并且主要介绍了医学试验的程序,意义和风险。
【详解】8.主旨大意题。根据第二段“People are invited randomly and paid to take part in trials of an experimental drug, or new surgical procedure, in a number of countries at the one time. (人们被随机邀请并支付报酬,同时在多个国家参加实验性药物或新外科手术的试验。)”以及下文的例子可知第二段主要讲述医学试验的程序。故选B。
9.细节理解题。根据第四段“Doctors say that the risk is not so great during the trial itself, where patients are closely monitored, but comes when the drug is released on the market place. For example, in 2004 a US company recalled an arthritis drug, when it was found that after 18 months of use, the risk of heart attack and stroke increased. (医生们说,在试验期间,患者受到密切监测,风险并不大,但当药物投放市场时,风险就会出现。例如,2004年,一家美国公司召回了一种关节炎药物,因为它被发现在使用18个月后,心脏病发作和中风的风险增加了。)”可知作者在第四段提到这个例子实在解释一些药物在出售时出现的风险。故选D。
10.词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“People who support testing claim the risks to the individual are small compared with the benefits. (支持测试的人声称,与好处相比,测试对个人的风险很小。)”可推测下文意思是“即使患者有不良后果,病情恶化,这对制药公司来说也是有价值的信息。”由此可猜测单词adverse意为“负面的”,故选A。
11.推理判断题。根据最后一段“While the drug companies usually pay for the hospital trials, government has set up medical committees to handle the issue. (虽然通常由制药公司支付医院试验费用,但政府已经成立了医疗委员会来处理这一问题。)”可推断下文最有可能讨论医疗委员会如何解决这个问题。故选D。
【答案】12.C 13.B 14.A 15.D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了科学家们对物种停滞悖论的研究,特别是通过对变色龙蜥蜴的研究来挑战传统理论,提出了新见解。
【解析】12.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But some organisms like the coelacanth, a modern-day fish, seem to change very little over eras.(但是一些生物,比如腔棘鱼,一种现代的鱼类,似乎在很长一段时间里变化很小。科学家们长期以来一直想知道这些物种是如何抵抗自然选择的压力的。目前对这种‘停滞悖论’的理论是,稳定选择有利于中等特征,使一些物种保持不变,这与导致变化的定向选择不同。)”和第二段“Scientists have long wondered how these species withstand the pressures of natural selection. The current theory for this ‘stasis paradox’ is that stabilizing selection, which favors moderate features, keeps some species unchanged, unlike directional selection that causes change.(科学家们长期以来一直想知道这些物种是如何抵抗自然选择的压力的。目前对这种‘停滞悖论’的理论是,稳定选择有利于中等特征,使一些物种保持不变,这与导致变化的定向选择不同。)”可知,停滞悖论指的是一些物种在长时间内似乎没有发生显著变化,即它们似乎不受自然选择压力的影响。故选C。
13.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Stroud and his colleagues studied four anole lizard species, all relatively unchanged for 20 million years, living on a small island in Florida. The researchers captured members of these populations every six months for three years. They measured each lizard’s head size, leg length, mass and height, as well as the size of its sticky toe pads, noting which individuals survived.(Stroud和他的同事研究了四种变色龙蜥蜴,它们在佛罗里达的一个小岛上生活了2000万年,几乎没有变化。研究人员在三年内每六个月捕捉一次这些种群的成员。他们测量了每只蜥蜴的头部大小、腿长、质量和高度,以及它粘性脚趾垫的大小,并记录哪些个体存活了下来。)”可知,Stroud和他的同事研究了蜥蜴的各种特征及其生存情况。故选B。
14.细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In each generation, though, the best features changed — for instance, long legs aided survival in some years and short legs in others.(然而,在每一代中,最好的特征都会发生变化——例如,在某些年份,长腿有助于生存,而在其他年份,短腿则有助于生存。)”可知,蜥蜴的一些特征,如腿长,在短期内是会发生变化的。故选A。
15.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了科学家们对物种停滞悖论的研究,特别是通过对变色龙蜥蜴的研究来挑战传统理论,提出了新见解。选项D:Rethinking Stasis Paradox: Insights from Anole Lizard Studies.(重新审视停滞悖论:来自变色龙蜥蜴研究的启示)准确地概括了文章的主题。故选D。
【答案】16.G 17.F 18.E 19.C 20.B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何写出好的论文提出了一些建议。
【详解】16.根据上文“Many high school seniors approach the college application essay with anxiety. They feel their lives are too ordinary to create a story that will impress admissions officers.(许多高中毕业生都带着焦虑来写大学申请论文。他们觉得自己的生活太过平凡,无法编造一个能打动招生官的故事)”以及后文“It just needs to be a genuine reflection of their personal growth, drawn from everyday moments.(它只需要真实地反映他们的个人成长,从日常生活中汲取灵感)”可知,本句与上文构成转折关系,指出强有力的文章需要真实,而不是编造的故事。故G选项“但是一篇强有力的文章并不需要一个戏剧性的故事”符合语境,故选G。
17.根据上文“I once worked with a boy who had no idea what to write about. Family Favorite subject He kept silent until I suggested, “Hobbies ” He shyly said, “I like boxing.” Then his essay unfolded, not about boxing itself, but about self-discipline and resilience (坚韧), qualities that any college would admire. So look into the things that shape you.(我曾经和一个不知道写什么的男孩一起工作。家庭吗?最喜欢的科目吗?他一直保持沉默,直到我提议:“爱好?”他害羞地说:“我喜欢拳击。”然后,他的文章展开了,不是关于拳击本身,而是关于自律和韧性,这些品质是任何一所大学都会钦佩的。所以看看那些塑造你的东西)”可知,上文主要论述了如何找到文章的主题然后展开文章的建议。故F选项“一旦找到了主题,这篇文章就自然而然地写好了”符合语境,故选F。
18.根据上文“Some students try to catch attention by writing their essays in unconventional forms, such as a poem or a play. Most still follow the traditional storytelling model: a hook (引子), a story, and a lesson learned.(一些学生试图通过非传统的形式来吸引注意力,比如一首诗或一个剧本。大多数仍然遵循传统的讲故事模式:一个引子,一个故事,一个教训)”可知,上文列举了不同的讲故事模式,本句承接上文,说明这些形式的作用。故E选项“无论采用何种形式,一篇文章都会因为它的故事而脱颖而出”符合语境,故选E。
19.根据上文“As a writing tutor, I was hung up on language rules at first. Should I help my students stick to “standard English,” or let them write the way they naturally speak — even if that includes informal expressions (作为一名写作导师,一开始我对语言规则很着迷。我应该帮助我的学生坚持“标准英语”,还是让他们用他们自然说话的方式来写——即使其中包括非正式的表达?)”以及后文“It’s also about expressing ideas naturally and making connections with readers. It doesn’t hurt to tell a humorous childhood incident in a light, conversational tone.(这也是关于自然地表达想法,与读者建立联系。用轻松、对话的语气讲述一个幽默的童年事件并没有什么坏处)”可知,本句主要是作者对于写作中的语言的感悟,故C选项“我很快意识到写作不仅仅是语言”符合语境,故选C。
20.根据后文“Essay writing teaches students to express themselves with precision through rethinking ideas, refining language, and rewriting drafts. With multiple edits, they will uncover deeper insights and create a story only they can tell.(论文写作教会学生通过重新思考思想、精炼语言和重写草稿来精确地表达自己。通过多次编辑,他们将发现更深入的见解,并创造一个只有他们才能讲述的故事)”可知,后文提到经过编辑,文章会融入更深入的见解,说明了修改对于文章的重要性。故B选项“一篇伟大的文章最终是在修改中形成的”符合语境,故选B。
【答案】
21.D 22.B 23.A 24.D 25.B 26.C 27.A 28.C 29.B 30.D 31.C 32.D 33.A 34.B 35.C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者在 Moonmilk 蛋糕冰淇淋店做兼职的经历,包括与顾客之间的互动以及这段经历给自己带来的感受。
【详解】21.考查名词词义辨析。句意:虽然我最初的目标只是赚些外快。A. judgement判断;B. approach方法;C. response回应;D. goal目标。根据下文“earn some extra cash” 可知,这里说的是最初做兼职的目的,故选D。
22.考查动词词义辨析。句意:但在那里建立的人际关系和留下的回忆远比报酬重要。A. overestimated高估;B. outweighed比…… 更重要;C. miscalculated误算;D. undercharged少收费。从文章整体可知,作者强调在店里的经历很有意义,比报酬更重要,根据上文“the connections and memories”和后文描述的与顾客之间的各种温暖互动可推知,作者在店里建立的情谊和回忆是非常珍贵的,比薪水更有价值。故选B。
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意:一个值得纪念的时刻是,当地一家剧院的经理点了一个蛋糕来庆祝他艰难地战胜了房东无理提高租金的企图。A. ordered订购;B. shared分享;C. enjoyed享受;D. delivered递送。根据上文“Earlier this year, I took a part-time job at Moonmilk, a cake and ice cream shop. ”以及“a cake to celebrate ” 以及后面提到蛋糕店老板免单等内容,可推知是剧院经理来店里订蛋糕,故选A。
24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一个值得纪念的时刻是,当地一家剧院的经理点了一个蛋糕来庆祝他艰难地战胜了房东无理提高租金的企图。A. unexpected意外的;B. one - sided片面的;C. historic有历史意义的;D. hard-won来之不易的。根据下文“ against a landlord’s unreasonable attempt to raise rent” 可知,这场胜利是经过努力才获得的,难地战胜了房东无理提高租金的企图,故选D。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意:后来,经理送给我们员工免费的剧院门票作为对我们善意的回报。A. recommended推荐;B. gifted赠送;C. collected收集;D. reserved保留。根据下文 “free theater tickets to our staff in return for...” 可知,是经理送门票给员工,故选B。
26.考查名词词义辨析。句意:后来,经理送给我们员工免费的剧院门票作为对我们善意的回报。A. service服务;B. trust信任;C. kindness善意;D. discount折扣。根据 “Moonmilk’s owner waived (免除) the charge for it” 可知,这是一种善意,是对善意的回报。故选C。
27.考查名词词义辨析。句意:有一位常客,总是面带微笑独自来,特别和蔼。A. regular常客;B. colleague同事;C. relative亲戚;D. assistant助手。根据下文“He always selected an ice cream carefully” 可知,这个人经常来店里,是常客,故选A。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他总是仔细挑选一个冰淇淋,然后宣称我们店里提供的是这个城市里最好吃的冰淇淋。A. purchased购买;B. stored储存;C. served提供、服务;D. shared分享。根据下文“the best one in the city.”可知,这里说的是店里给顾客提供的冰淇淋,故选C。
29.考查动词词义辨析。句意:还有一个人经常来,询问我们只有在圣诞节才供应的巧克力橙子味冰淇淋。A. talking谈论;B. inquiring询问;C. hearing听到;D. complaining抱怨。根据下文 “about our chocolate orange ice cream flavor” 以及后面作者一直回答 “no”,可推知这个人是在询问这种冰淇淋,故选B。
30.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽管我总是说“没有”,但他的坚持在我疲惫的日子里成了快乐的源泉,提醒我忙碌生活中简单的快乐。A. impatient不耐烦的;B. hesitant犹豫的;C. awkward尴尬的;D. consistent一贯的,始终如一的。根据下文“his persistence became a source of joy on my tiring days” 可知,这个人一直问,而作者一直回答没有,是一贯的回答,故选D。
31.考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管我总是说“没有”,但他的坚持在我疲惫的日子里成了快乐的源泉,提醒我忙碌生活中简单的快乐。A. solution解决办法;B. assignment任务;C. pleasure快乐;D. truth真相。根据 “his persistence became a source of joy” 可知,这里说的是简单的快乐,故选C。
32.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每天,尽管我在那里有很多任务要处理,但我都能体验到独特的快乐。A. simplify简化;B. assign分配;C. evaluate评估;D. address处理。根据下文“numerous tasks to...” 可知,是要处理很多任务,故选D。
33.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:随着秋天的临近,我的学业要求更高了,这迫使我减少在 Moonmilk 的工作时间。A. demanding要求高的;B. boring无聊的;C. rewarding有回报的;D. flexibl灵活的。根据下文“forcing me to reduce my shifts at Moonmilk” 可知,学业变得要求高了,所以要减少工作时间,故选A。
34.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,我会想念夏天的忙碌以及在那里的互动。A. sunshine阳光;B. rush忙碌;C. peace和平;D. camp露营。根据上文“Every day, I experienced distinct happiness even though I had numerous tasks to 12 there.”可知,在店里有很多任务等内容,所以作者夏天在店里是很忙碌的,故选B。
35.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这段经历加强了我与社区的联系,这种联系将持续到今年年底。A. restored恢复;B. broken打破;C. strengthened加强;D. weakened削弱。根据下文“my bond with the community, which will last till the end of this year.”可知,从作者在店里的经历以及与顾客的互动等内容可知,这段经历让作者与社区的联系更紧密了,故选C。
【答案】
36.A 37.various 38.Unlike 39.to keep 40.that 41.commitment 42.carried 43.publicly 44.how 45.preserving
【分析】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了在数字时代,许多年轻人选择在传统报纸上发布结婚公告的现象,并探讨了这一传统的现代意义。
【解析】36.考查冠词。句意:在“报纸上刊登结婚启事”这个话题上快速搜索,会显示出各种帖子,以及那些已经这样做的人分享的经验。泛指“一次快速搜索”,且quick首字母的发音为辅音音素,冠词为a,首字母大写。故填A。
37.考查形容词。句意:在“报纸上刊登结婚启事”这个话题上快速搜索,会显示出各种帖子,以及那些已经这样做的人分享的经验。形容词various作定语修饰名词。故填various。
38.考查介词。句意:与短暂的数字帖子不同,报纸公告提供了一种永久感,报纸了一种有意义的方式来保存记忆。表示 “不同”用介词unlike,首字母大写。故填Unlike。
39.考查不定式。句意:与短暂的数字帖子不同,报纸公告提供了一种永久感,报纸了一种有意义的方式来保存记忆。way to do sth做某事的方法。不定式作后置定语。故填to keep
40.考查代词。句意:一些年轻人认为在报纸上发布结婚公告比在社交媒体上更正式,他们将其描述为一种用黑墨水和白纸写下的承诺。分析句子结构,设空处需要一个代词来代替“publishing marriage announcements”,以避免重复,用that。故填that。
41.考查名词。句意:一些年轻人认为在报纸上发布结婚公告比在社交媒体上更正式,他们将其描述为一种用黑墨水和白纸写下的承诺。名词commitment作宾语,a提示,用单数形式。故填commitment。
42.考查时态。句意:在二十世纪上半叶,当婚姻法还不完善时,这样的公告具有法律意义。根据上文“In the first half of the twentieth century”可知,设空处需要一个过去时态来表示过去的动作。故填carried。
43.考查副词。句意:它们允许夫妇公开与家人和朋友分享他们的喜讯。副词publicly作状语修饰动词。故填publicly。
44.考查连接词。句意:重新流行的做法是传统如何更好地适应现代的一个例子。of后接宾语从句,表示“如何”,用连接词how。故填how。
45.考查动名词。句意:这些公告作为爱和个性的象征,提醒我们一些传统值得保留。be worth doing sth值得做某事。故填preserving。
46.【答案】Dear Thomas,
I’m writing to share an amazing activity, Transform Waste into Treasure, which I participated in last week.
For my work, I collected some used plastic bottles and old newspapers. After cutting the plastic bottles into various shapes, I rolled the newspapers into sticks to connect the plastic parts and added some colorful markers and small decorations. Then a unique wind chime was born, making pleasant sounds and creating a beautiful sight when the wind blows.
This activity was truly rewarding. It enhanced my creativity and practical skills and deepened my understanding of environmental protection. Transforming waste into something useful made me realize every effort counts in protecting our planet.
Have you ever participated in any school activities
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国朋友Thomas写邮件,分享上周参加的“变废为宝”活动。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
参与:participate in → take part in
独特的:unique → distinctive
有益的:rewarding → beneficial
意识到:realize → be aware of
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句:This activity was truly rewarding. It enhanced my creativity and practical skills and deepened my understanding of environmental protection.
拓展句:This activity was truly rewarding, which enhanced my creativity and practical skills and deepened my understanding of environmental protection.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to share an amazing activity, Transform Waste into Treasure, which I participated in last week. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Then a unique wind chime was born, making pleasant sounds and creating a beautiful sight when the wind blows.(运用了现在分词作状语和when引导时间状语从句)
47.【答案】 But wait — had I forgotten something My heart suddenly sank as I realized I hadn’t paid the vendor! Frantically checking my wallet, I confirmed the five dollars were still there. The scene flashed back: I had dropped the wallet while helping the woman. The bus was already moving, and I could do nothing but watch the hot dog stand shrink in the distance, guilt overwhelming me.
“Someone has paid for it,” the vendor smiled. Puzzled, I followed his gaze to the woman I had helped earlier. She waved at me warmly from the street corner. The vendor explained, “She insisted on paying for you, saying kindness deserves kindness.” Tears welled up as I understood — her hot dog purchase wasn’t just for herself. The vendor’s cheerful slogan now carried profound meaning, weaving our small acts of goodwill into something truly “the best in the world.”
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开,主要讲述了作者在图书馆学习一下午后,去街头热狗摊买热狗,在准备付钱时,帮助了一位摔倒的女士,结果忘记付钱就匆忙赶公交车离开。之后发现之前帮助的女士帮自己付了钱,从而体会到善良传递的温暖故事。
【详解】1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“等等——我是不是忘了什么?”可知,第一段可描写作者突然惊觉自己忘记支付热狗钱,慌乱检查钱包确认钱还在,回忆起掉钱包的原因是帮助女士时不慎掉落,此时公交车已开动,作者只能满怀愧疚地看着热狗摊远去。
②由第二段首句内容““有人付过钱了,”小贩笑着说。”可知,第二段可描写摊主告知作者有人已帮忙付款,作者疑惑地顺着摊主的目光看到之前帮助过的女士,摊主解释女士坚持为作者付款,认为善良应得到回报,作者深受感动,也对摊主 “你值得拥有世界上最好的热狗” 这句口号有了更深的感悟。
2.续写线索:意识到忘付热狗钱→回忆掉钱包经过→无奈随公交车离开心怀愧疚→摊主告知有人代付→发现代付者是被帮助的女士→摊主解释代付原因→作者体会到善良的传递和口号的深层含义
3.词汇激活
行为类
行为类:
① 意识到:realize /become aware of
② 帮助:help/assist
③ 解释:explain /illustrate
④坚持:insist on/stick to
情绪类:
①温暖地:warmly /enthusiastically
② 快乐的:cheerful /joyful
【点睛】【高分句型 1】My heart suddenly sank as I realized I hadn’t paid the vendor!(运用了 as 引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型 2】Tears welled up as I understood — her hot dog purchase wasn’t just for herself.(运用了 as 引导的时间状语从句)
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