资源简介

2025届山西省大同市高三下学期三模英语试题
一、阅读理解
Volunteering abroad provides you with the priceless opportunity to travel and engage yourself in different cultures. Here are some openings available for application now!
Whale Shark and Marine Conservation
Experienced divers are welcome to volunteer for the research and conservation of the ocean ecosystem and unique ocean life found in Mozambique! Former volunteers have helped to identify over 800 whale sharks and add them to a global database.
Time: Minimum 4 weeks — Maximum 12 weeks
Volunteer work: Underwater data collection and photographing ocean life
Age: 22-50
Wildlife Sanctuary Kruger Safari
Spend your days working with South Africa’s beautiful big cats and learn all about the conservation efforts that are being put into place. Finish your adventure with a 3-day Safari in the Kruger National Park to observe the African Big Five and other breathtaking wildlife species up close!
Time: Minimum 4 weeks — Maximum 12 weeks
Volunteer work: Animal welfare and community education
Age:18-60
Sustainable Community Development
Join GoEco in Cambodia to help improve the educational experience of children in underdeveloped regions, both in and outside the classroom, by teaching English and working on construction projects.
Time: Minimum 4 weeks — Maximum 8 weeks
Volunteer work: Teaching, health education and restoration work
Age: 18-65
Eco-Friendly Organic Coffee Farming
Assisting farmers in Costa Rica to grow organic coffee while being mindful of the region’s natural environment through eco-friendly agriculture.
Time: Minimum 3 weeks — Maximum 12 weeks
Volunteer work: Eco-agriculture and sustainable coffee farming
Age: 18-55
1．What is a requirement for the first project
A．Diving experience. B．House-repairing skills.
C．A teaching certificate. D．A degree in computer science.
2．Where is Sustainable Community Development
A．In Costa Rica. B．In Mozambique.
C．In South Africa. D．In Cambodia.
3．Which project can you apply for if you just have three free weeks
A．Wildlife Sanctuary & Kruger Safari.
B．Sustainable Community Development.
C．Eco-Friendly Organic Coffee Farming.
D．Whale Shark and Marine Conservation.
Completed in 1914, the 82-kilometer-long Panama Canal between North and South America is the shortest route between the Atlantic and Pacific. It saves ships more than 11,000 kilometers from going around Cape Horn at South America’s southern tip. Today, about two thirds of traffic through the canal originates or ends in the US. After America, the biggest customer is China, followed by Chile and Japan.
But the fact that a canal exists in Panama is itself a miracle (奇迹). In his book The Path Between the Seas, historian David McCullough detailed the challenges to make the canal possible. After several efforts to dig a canal in Panama were stopped by yellow fever, malaria, and the deaths of 20,000 international workers, the US took over the project.
Wanting to start fresh in 1902, most of the decision-makers in the US government preferred a route through Nicaragua instead of Panama. But a French engineer named Philippe Bunau-Varilla lobbied them to stick with Panama.
The story might be boiled down like this: A week before the vote, Bunau-Varilla received a letter from Nicaragua with a stamp that showed Nicaragua’s Momotombo volcano erupting. He visited every stamp shop in Washington, DC and bought 90 copies of the stamp and sent one to each decision-maker. The stamps made a big difference and the final vote in favor of Panama over Nicaragua was 42-32.
For more than a century, Nicaragua hasn’t forgotten the canal it almost had. Last year, Nicaragua’s government approved a plan from a Chinese company to explore a new and improved canal with an oil pipeline, a railway and an airport. The proposed budget for the 170-mile canal is about $40 billion. In an arrangement similar to Panama’s, Nicaragua will start with 10% equity (股权), and gain more each year until it is the only owner a century from now. If everything goes well, Nicaragua’s dream will eventually come true.
4．What can be learned about the Panama Canal
A．It is about 82 kilometers long.
B．It is the shortest path to Cape Horn.
C．China is its biggest customer at present.
D．The effort to build the canal started in 1902.
5．What does the word “lobbied” underlined in paragraph 3 mean
A．Persuaded. B．Paid.
C．Blamed. D．Forced.
6．Why was the US government’s new plan abandoned
A．The French government opposed it.
B．The costs were too high for the US.
C．It failed to consider the threat of a volcano.
D．It would take much longer time to carry it out.
7．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Nicaragua’s dreams. B．A new plan for Nicaragua.
C．The Panama Canal contract. D．Risks of a new arrangement.
Philosopher Tony Manela is among the philosophers who believe that the single word “gratitude” actually refers to two ideas. The first is “prepositional gratitude” — gratitude to someone for doing something. For example, you might be grateful to a firefighter for saving your life or to your friend for watching your dog while you’re away. The second is “propositional gratitude” — a more abstract gratitude for the fact that things are the way they are. On Thanksgiving, when families sit around the table so that everyone can share something for which they’re grateful, the tendency is toward the second kind of gratitude.
Most of the time, the first sort of gratitude is actually better described as appreciation. Appreciation involves grasping the importance of something, or fully experiencing the value of it. After your first trip abroad, you might appreciate the virtues of your own country. Appreciation usually has an element of enjoyment. By taking a class, you can learn to appreciate opera. After gaining weight in midlife, you might learn to appreciate exercise, in the sense of actually liking it, finally.
But showing appreciation can be very difficult. Suppose that, when it’s your turn to give thanks, you describe an instance of prepositional gratitude: “This year, I’m grateful to my wife for everything she’s done for our new baby daughter.” That seems straightforward enough. But, actually, this kind of gratitude is very odd. Should you be the one feeling grateful for what your wife does for your daughter By expressing appreciation, you might seem to be holding yourself out as the head of a family business. It could be more accurate to simply appreciate that your wife is a great parent.
There’s also the matter of whether it makes sense to feel grateful to people for doing what they are going to do anyway. If your wife tells you that she is grateful for how you have treated your kids, you might find it odd. Does she expect you to treat them less well
8．“Propositional gratitude” should be given when ________.
A．you receive a gift from a friend
B．your parents pay for your education
C．your math teacher helps you solve a problem
D．farmers thank dragons for a very good harvest
9．What is usually associated with “appreciation”
A．Expensive things. B．An element of pleasure.
C．Something abstract. D．Personal responsibilities.
10．How are the last two paragraphs mainly developed
A．By comparing. B．By reasoning.
C．By quoting famous men. D．By listing examples.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．A Philosopher’s Opinion on Gratitude.
B．The Necessity of Being Grateful to Others.
C．A Comparison of “Gratitude” and “Appreciation”.
D．Proper Ways to Show Gratitude to Family Members.
University students have taken to artificial intelligence in the same way that an anxious new driver with a traditional road map might take to GPS. A survey of UK undergraduates by the Higher Education Policy Institute shows 92% of them are using AI in their schoolwork this year compared with 66% last year.
What should we do At first, I suggested that teachers should face the reality and try to guide their students to use AI wisely. For example, I asked teachers to give their students AI-written essays and tell the students to improve them, as well as to identify and correct their mistakes. But like many pleasingly neat solutions to complex problems, mine turns out to be a terrible idea.
Maria Abreu, a professor of economic geography at Cambridge University, told me her department had experimented along these lines. But when they gave undergraduates an AI text and asked them to improve it, the results were disappointing. “The improvements were very cosmetic and they didn’t change the structure of the arguments,” she said. “Master students did better, perhaps because they have already had the ability to think critically and structure arguments. The worry is that if we don’t train them to do their own thinking, they are not going to develop that ability at all.”
Michael Veale, who is an expert on technology policy, even sees Al as a threat to the learning process because it offers a short-cut to students who are pressed for time and anxious to get good marks. “Our role is to warn them that these short-cuts may limit their potential. We want them to use the best tools for the job in the workplace when the time comes, but that time isn’t always at the beginning,” he says.
The two teachers agree that a focus on maintaining foundational skills in critical thinking, information gathering and problem-solving would help students avoid relying too much on AI in the future.
“In other words, to use the short-cut effectively rather than mindlessly, students need to know how to do it without the short-cut,” Michael Veale explains.
12．What does the author want to show by mentioning a new driver
A．The potential of traditional maps.
B．Students’ strong desire to use AI tools.
C．The possibility of popularizing AI tools.
D．Problems with traditional teaching methods.
13．What did the author suggest teachers do
A．Encourage students to edit AI-written essays.
B．Simplify the structure of complex arguments.
C．Ask students to write the essays on their own.
D．Guide the students to mark their work with AI.
14．How might Maria Abreu feel about the use of AI tools in middle schools
A．Satisfied. B．Excited. C．Unconcerned. D．Skeptical.
15．What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A．Ban Al tools from educational institutions.
B．Guide students to use AI as early as possible.
C．Try to urge students to learn the basic skills first.
D．Let students use AI tools when they are pressed for time.
Having good conversations — whether with strangers or with your friends — is an art. Here are some tips that can help you master the art.
First of all, listen. Listening, which requires energy and attention, is not only hard but also essential. 16
Be present. People think that being present means not looking at your email or texting during the conversation. If you want to have a good conversation, you don’t just need to put your phone down, you have to put it away. 17 . In one study, researchers placed a silent cellphone on a table between two strangers. It didn’t belong to either participant. The strangers reported their conversation partner to be unlikeable and untrustworthy — simply because the phone was there.
18 . It’s easy to stop listening when you’re planning what you’re going to say next,Think of listening like a river. You block it up all the time when you stop listening in order to think about what you’re going to say next. As soon as those thoughts come into your brain,you need to let them go out of your brain and then return to the conversation.
Ask open-ended questions. 19 . For example, rather than asking, “Are you sitting down ” you might try, “What kind of chair do you like to sit in ”
Stay out of the details and be brief. 20 . On the other hand, nobody cares about the exact date something happened or the last name of your cousin.
A．Go with the flow of the conversation
B．Try not to repeat the unimportant information
C．Yes or no questions don’t lead the conversation very far
D．The mere presence of technology makes the conversation harder
E．If you cannot concentrate, then you’re not really having a conversation
F．Listening may also mean being physically present when another person is talking
G．On one hand, if you’re getting into too many details, it is easy to lose focus on the big picture
二、完形填空
As a boy growing up in Minneapolis during the 1970s, Russell King knew he wasn’t interested in the things most other 21 liked.
“I 22 dolls to sports,” King, now 57, said in an interview recently. “But I got the 23 early that because I was a boy, I wasn’t supposed to.”
Once he was playing with doll (玩具娃娃), his mother 24 it and talked to his father. “Boys shouldn’t play with dolls!” his father said 25 .
But in elementary school, King’s music teacher, Paige Macklin, sent the 26 message: He encouraged King to sing the young boy part in the song “William’ s Doll” in a concert. It couldn’t have been a more 27 song for King. “William’s Doll” 28 a boy also wanting to play with a doll and everybody tried to 29 him.
“Suddenly, I didn’t feel so 30 ,” King said. “I realized that somebody else had the same feelings. Singing that song allowed me to be comfortable with 31 myself.”
The music teacher couldn’t have guessed at the time that the 32 would lead King to the stage and become a famous musician. Looking back on his life, King thought how 33 he was to have such a 34 teacher.
“As a teacher, you don’t know how you might have 35 your students,” Macklin, now 75, admitted to King during the same interview. “What a pleasant surprise to hear your secret!”
21．A．friends B．adults C．boys D．parents
22．A．preferred B．compared C．referred D．took
23．A．evidence B．message C．news D．story
24．A．ignored B．lost C．accepted D．saw
25．A．angrily B．frequently C．unwillingly D．playfully
26．A．short B．amusing C．opposite D．convincing
27．A．boring B．suitable C．challenging D．unpleasant
28．A．appealed to B．relied on C．stood for D．dealt with
29．A．stop B．admire C．help D．hug
30．A．content B．lonely C．quiet D．cold
31．A．fooling B．enjoying C．being D．teaching
32．A．class B．travel C．performance D．book
33．A．fortunate B．funny C．silly D．wrong
34．A．selfish B．permissive C．strict D．cruel
35．A．appreciated B．disappointed C．misled D．influenced
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Yandong Grand Singers is a choir (乐队) formed by 36 (farmer) of the Dong minority group from a township in Southwestern China’s Guizhou province. 37 band has performed at the International Festival for Vocal Music in Leipzig (2015), World Music Shanghai (2013), and Kokugakuin University of Japan (2011). The Grand Song of the Dong people was listed as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2009.
In bright voices and natural harmonies 38 (shape) by the unique environment of the area, the Dong people sing about nature and life. An example of the former is “The Cicada Song”, in 39 the singers copy the waving sounds of cicadas’ wings, while the latter 40 (represent) by the song “Life Is Short”, and “It Is a Pity If You Don’t Sing”. For the Dong people, the 41 (important) of Grand Song can’t be overestimated, just as their saying goes, “Foods feed the body. Songs feed the soul.”
The Dong people, who don’t have a written language of their own, pass down much of their history, culture 42 knowledge through their unique songs. These songs accompany 43 (they) throughout their lives.
In every village, bands of children, young and senior people are formed. Members of the bands often sing grand songs 44 (cheerful) at the drum tower, a meeting place found in every Dong village. 45 (promote) their music culture, they have also toured nationally and internationally in recent years.
四、书信写作
46．为了鼓励同学们分享假期旅游经历，请你在英语角发一则征稿通知，内容包括：
1.作品要求；
2.投稿方式。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Articles Wanted
Dear fellow students,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
English Corner
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Being helpful is a virtue, but sometimes being too enthusiastic can backfire. It is a lesson I learned the hard way last summer.
The night before the summer holiday, it was raining cats and dogs. But I wasn’t bothered because Justin, Wendy, Crystal and I were texting each other about our upcoming trip to Niagara Falls. Everybody was so engaged in brainstorming ideas about what to bring along.
Justin came up with a brilliant idea. He suggested that we assign roles to each one of us.Since I was known for being careful and helpful, I was given the “babysitter” role — looking after everyone.
During the trip, I took my duty seriously. On the way, I collected trashes and guided them into every single rest station like a helpful babysitter. As Wendy and I were lining up for the washroom, I noticed a little girl got pushed out of the line, so I let her stand in front of me. When we all got back to the car, Wendy praised me as a kind-hearted babysitter for anyone, which made me feel very proud of myself.
Then I saw Crystal holding something that looked like a sun hat. Justin asked Crystal what it was, but I didn’t catch Crystal’s answer clearly. It seemed that she mentioned she was making a birthday gift for her mother.
When we arrived at our hotel, it was already six in the evening. Since no one was hungry, we decided to rest and get ready for the next day’s adventure. However, I was too excited to fall asleep and decided to go to Crystal’s room. When we listened to music together, Crystal kept weaving(编织) the thing she had been working on in the car. After a while, Crystal fell asleep.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I thought I could help her finish the sun hat.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But the next morning, Crystal stormed into my room.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个海外志愿项目的相关信息。
【详解】1．细节理解题。根据Whale Shark and Marine Conservation部分中“Experienced divers are welcome to volunteer for the research and conservation of the ocean ecosystem and unique ocean life found in Mozambique! (欢迎有经验的潜水员志愿参与莫桑比克海洋生态系统和独特海洋生物的研究与保护工作！)”可知，第一个项目要求有潜水经验。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据Sustainable Community Development部分中“Join GoEco in Cambodia to help improve the educational experience of children in underdeveloped regions, both in and outside the classroom, by teaching English and working on construction projects. (加入GoEco在柬埔寨的项目，通过教授英语和参与建设项目，帮助改善欠发达地区儿童在课堂内外的教育体验)”可知，可持续社区发展项目在柬埔寨。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据Eco Friendly Organic Coffee Farming部分中“Time: Minimum 3 weeks — Maximum 12 weeks (时间：最少3周——最多12周)”可知，如果你只有三周的空闲时间，可以申请生态友好型有机咖啡种植项目。故选C项。
【答案】4．A 5．A 6．C 7．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍巴拿马运河的基本情况、修建历程中的关键事件，以及尼加拉瓜计划修建新运河的动态。
【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Completed in 1914, the 82-kilometer-long Panama Canal between North and South America is the shortest route between the Atlantic and Pacific. (1914年建成的巴拿马运河全长82公里，位于南北美洲之间，是大西洋和太平洋之间的最短航线。)”可知，巴拿马运河长度为82公里。故选A项。
5．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Wanting to start fresh in 1902, most of the decision-makers in the US government preferred a route through Nicaragua instead of Panama. But a French engineer named Philippe Bunau-Varilla lobbied them to stick with Panama. (1902年，大多数美国政府决策者希望重新选择尼加拉瓜路线而非巴拿马。但法国工程师菲利普·比诺-瓦里拉……他们坚持选择巴拿马。)”及第四段通过邮票影响投票的细节可知，菲利普·比诺-瓦里拉是想说服美国不要改变运河的选址，所以划线单词的意思与“说服”意义相近。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“The story might be boiled down like this: A week before the vote, Bunau-Varilla received a letter from Nicaragua with a stamp that showed Nicaragua’s Momotombo volcano erupting. He visited every stamp shop in Washington, DC and bought 90 copies of the stamp and sent one to each decision-maker. The stamps made a big difference and the final vote in favor of Panama over Nicaragua was 42-32. (这个故事可以简要概括如下：在投票前一周，布诺-瓦里拉（Bunau-Varilla）收到一封来自尼加拉瓜的信，信封上贴着一张邮票，上面印着尼加拉瓜的莫莫通博（Momotombo）火山喷发的画面。他走访了华盛顿特区的每一家邮票商店，买下了90张这种邮票，并将其中每一张都寄给了决策者。这些邮票产生了重要影响，最终投票结果以42票对32票支持了巴拿马而非尼加拉瓜。)”可知，美国政府因尼加拉瓜火山风险放弃其路线。故选C项。
7．主旨大意题。根据尾段中的“Last year, Nicaragua’s government approved a plan from a Chinese company to explore a new and improved canal with an oil pipeline, a railway and an airport. The proposed budget for the 170-mile canal is about $40 billion. In an arrangement similar to Panama’s, Nicaragua will start with 10% equity (股权), and gain more each year until it is the only owner a century from now. (去年，尼加拉瓜政府批准了一项由中国公司提出的计划，建设一条新的、更完善的运河，包括一条石油管道、一条铁路和一座机场。这条全长170英里的运河预计耗资约400亿美元。根据一项类似于巴拿马的安排，尼加拉瓜将首先拥有10%的股权，并逐年获得更多的股份，直到一个世纪后成为唯一的拥有者。)”可知，尾段主要介绍了运河规模、预算及股权分配等，其核心是尼加拉瓜的新运河计划。故选B项。
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．D 11．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“感激”（gratitude）的两种类型，分析了gratitude与appreciation之间的区别和用法。
【详解】8．推理判断题。根据第一段“The second is “propositional gratitude”— a more abstract gratitude for the fact that things are the way they are.(第二种是“命题型感恩”——对事物本身的状态所持有的更抽象的感恩之情。)”可知，命题型感恩是对事物状态的一种抽象感恩，它不针对具体的人或行为，而是对事物本身的一种感激。在选项D中，农民对龙带来的丰收表示感恩，这是一种对事物本身的状态的感恩，符合“命题感恩”的定义。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Appreciation usually has an element of enjoyment.(欣赏通常包含一种享受的元素。)”可知，“appreciation”通常与“一种愉悦的元素”有关。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段“Suppose that, when it’s your turn to give thanks, you describe an instance of prepositional gratitude: “This year, I’m grateful to my wife for everything she’s done for our new baby daughter.” That seems straightforward enough. But, actually, this kind of gratitude is very odd.(假设轮到你表达感谢时，你描述了一个介词感恩的例子：‘今年，我很感激我的妻子为我们新生的女儿所做的一切。’这看起来很直接。但实际上，这种感恩是非常奇怪的。)”和第四段“If your wife tells you that she is grateful for how you have treated your kids, you might find it odd. Does she expect you to treat them less well.(如果你的妻子告诉你，她很感激你对待孩子的方式，你可能会觉得很奇怪。她是不是希望你以后对他们差一点。)”。由此可知，最后两段主要是通过举例来展开的。故选D。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Philosopher Tony Manela is among the philosophers who believe that the single word “gratitude” actually refers to two ideas.(哲学家Tony Manela是那些认为‘gratitude’实际上包含两种含义的哲学家之一。)”和下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了gratitude和appreciation之间的区别和用法。由此可知，选项C“‘gratitude’和‘appreciation’的比较”是合适的标题。故选C。
【答案】12．B 13．A 14．D 15．C
【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者讨论了学生利用AI学习的现象，认为在学生利用AI工具做作业前需要练好基本功。
【详解】12．推理判断题。根据第一段“University students have taken to artificial intelligence in the same way that an anxious new driver with a traditional road map might take to GPS. A survey of UK undergraduates by the Higher Education Policy Institute shows 92% of them are using AI in their schoolwork this year compared with 66% last year.(大学生对人工智能的接受程度，就像一个拿着传统地图的焦虑的新手司机对GPS的接受程度一样。英国高等教育政策研究所对英国本科生的一项调查显示，今年92%的本科生在学业中使用人工智能，而去年这一比例为66%。)”可知，作者将大学生对人工智能的接受程度与新手司机对GPS的依赖程度进行了类比，从而强调了学生对使用人工智能工具的强烈愿望。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“At first, I suggested that teachers should face the reality and try to guide their students to use AI wisely. For example, I asked teachers to give their students AI-written essays and tell the students to improve them, as well as to identify and correct their mistakes.(起初，我建议教师应该面对现实，并努力引导学生明智地使用人工智能。例如，我要求教师给学生提供人工智能写的文章，并告诉学生改进它们，以及识别和纠正它们的错误。)”可知，作者建议教师让学生编辑人工智能写的文章。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“Maria Abreu, a professor of economic geography at Cambridge University, told me her department had experimented along these lines. But when they gave undergraduates an AI text and asked them to improve it, the results were disappointing.(剑桥大学经济地理学教授Maria Abreu告诉我，她的部门已经在这方面进行了实验。但是，当他们给本科生一篇人工智能写的文章，并要求他们改进时，结果令人失望。)”可以推知，Maria Abreu对人工智能工具在中学（低年级）的使用持怀疑态度。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The two teachers agree that a focus on maintaining foundational skills in critical thinking, information gathering and problem-solving would help students avoid relying too much on AI in the future.(这两位老师都认为，注重保持批判性思维、信息收集和解决问题等基础技能，将有助于学生在未来避免过度依赖人工智能。)”可知，作者想传达的信息是督促学生先学习基本技能。故选C。
【答案】16．E 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过与陌生人或朋友进行良好对话的技巧和艺术。
【详解】16．由上文“Listening, which requires energy and attention, is not only hard but also essential. (倾听需要精力和注意力，这不仅困难，而且至关重要。)”可知，本空应进一步阐述倾听的重要性或倾听与对话的关系。E选项“If you cannot concentrate, then you’re not really having a conversation (如果你不能集中注意力，那么你就没有真正在对话。)”强调了集中注意力（即倾听）对于对话的重要性，与上文紧密相关，符合题意。故选E。
17．由上文“If you want to have a good conversation, you don’t just need to put your phone down, you have to put it away. (如果你想进行一次愉快的对话，你不仅需要放下手机，还需要把手机收起来。)”及下文“In one study, researchers placed a silent cellphone on a table between two strangers. It didn’t belong to either participant. The strangers reported their conversation partner to be unlikeable and untrustworthy — simply because the phone was there. (在一项研究中，研究人员在两个陌生人之间的桌子上放了一部静音手机。它不属于任何一位参与者。陌生人报告说，他们的对话伙伴不受欢迎且不值得信任——仅仅因为手机在那里。)”可知，本空应说明手机等科技产品的存在对对话的影响。D选项“The mere presence of technology makes the conversation harder (科技产品的存在本身就使对话变得更加困难)”直接点明了科技产品对对话的负面影响，与上下文紧密相关，符合题意。故选D。
18．由下文“It’s easy to stop listening when you’re planning what you’re going to say next,Think of listening like a river. You block it up all the time when you stop listening in order to think about what you’re going to say next. (当你在计划接下来要说什么时，很容易停止倾听。把倾听想象成一条河。当你为了思考接下来要说什么而停止倾听时，你总是在阻塞它。)”可知，本空应提出一个与对话流畅性相关的建议。A选项“Go with the flow of the conversation (顺应对话的流程)”与下文内容紧密相关，强调了顺应对话流程的重要性，符合题意。故选A。
19．由上文“Ask open-ended questions. (问开放性问题。)”可知，本空应解释为什么开放性问题重要或给出开放性问题的例子。C选项“Yes or no questions don’t lead the conversation very far (是或否的问题不会让对话走得太远)”通过对比是或否的问题和开放性问题，强调了开放性问题在引导对话方面的优势，与上文紧密相关，符合题意。故选C。
20．由上文“Stay out of the details and be brief. (避免细节，保持简洁。)”及下文“On the other hand, nobody cares about the exact date something happened or the last name of your cousin. (另一方面，没有人关心某件事发生的具体日期或你表亲的姓氏。)”可知，本空应说明过于关注细节的问题。G选项“On one hand, if you’re getting into too many details, it is easy to lose focus on the big picture (一方面，如果你过于关注细节，很容易忽略大局)”直接点明了过于关注细节的问题，与上下文紧密相关，符合题意。故选G。
【答案】21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．B 31．C 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了20世纪70年代，在明尼阿波利斯长大的Russell King喜欢娃娃而非运动，遭父母反对。小学音乐老师Paige Macklin鼓励他演唱《威廉的娃娃》，这首歌让他不再孤独，能做自己。后来King成著名音乐家，认为有这样宽容的老师很幸运，老师也感慨不知自己对学生影响深远 。
【详解】21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：20世纪70年代，作为一个在明尼阿波利斯长大的男孩，拉塞尔 金知道他对大多数其他男孩喜欢的东西不感兴趣。A. friends朋友；B. adults成年人；C. boys男孩；D. parents父母。根据上文“As a boy growing up in Minneapolis during the 1970s” 可知，这里是将他与其他 “男孩”进行对比。故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“比起运动，我更喜欢娃娃，”现年57岁的金最近在一次采访中说。A. preferred更喜欢；B. compared比较；C. referred提及；参考；D. took拿；取；带走（take 的过去式）。根据下文“ dolls to sports”可知，他更喜欢娃娃。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“但我很早就得到这样的信息，因为我是个男孩，我不应该（玩娃娃）。”A. evidence证据；B. message信息；C. news新闻；消息（通常指外界传来的新消息）; D. story故事。根据下文“because I was a boy, I wasn’t supposed to”以及下文“message”可知，这是金得到的一种“信息”。故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次他在玩娃娃，他的妈妈看到了这件事，然后和他的爸爸说了。A. ignored忽视；B. lost 丢失；C. accepted接受；D. saw看见。根据下文“talked to his father.”可知，妈妈是“看到”他玩娃娃这件事。故选D。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“男孩不应该玩娃娃！”他的爸爸生气地说。A. angrily生气地；B. frequently频繁地；C. unwillingly不情愿地；D. playfully开玩笑地；爱玩耍地。根据上文“Boys shouldn’t play with dolls!”以及前文提到父母对他玩娃娃的态度可知，爸爸说这话时是“生气地”。故选A。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是在小学，金的音乐老师佩奇 麦克林传达了相反的信息：他鼓励金在音乐会上演唱歌曲《威廉的娃娃》中的小男孩部分。A. short短的；矮的；短暂的；B. amusing有趣的；引人发笑的；C. opposite相反的；对面的；D. convincing有说服力的；令人信服的。根据前文父母反对他玩娃娃，而老师鼓励他演唱关于男孩想玩娃娃的歌曲可知，老师传达的信息与父母的“相反”。故选C。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对金来说，没有比这首歌更合适的了。A. boring无聊的；令人厌烦的；B. suitable合适的；适宜的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. unpleasant不愉快的；讨厌的。根据下文“William’s Doll” 8 a boy also wanting to play with a doll and everybody tried to 9 him.”可知，这首歌的内容与金的经历相似，所以对他来说很“合适”。故选B。
28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：《威廉的娃娃》涉及的是一个也想玩娃娃的男孩，并且每个人都试图阻止他。A. appealed to吸引；呼吁；B. relied on依靠；C. stood for代表；D. dealt with处理；涉及；对付。根据下文“a boy also wanting to play with a doll and everybody tried to...”可知，这里是说这首歌“涉及”的内容。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. stop阻止；停止；B. admire钦佩；赞赏；羡慕；C. help帮助；D. hug拥抱。根据前文父母反对金玩娃娃以及 “everybody tried to...” 可知，这里是说每个人都试图“阻止”那个想玩娃娃的男孩。故选A。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“突然，我不觉得那么孤单了，”金说。A. content满足的；满意的；B. lonely孤单的；寂寞的；C. quiet 安静的；寂静的；D. cold寒冷的；冷淡的。根据前文金因为喜欢玩娃娃和别人不同而感到孤单，以及下文“I realized that somebody else had the same feelings.”可知，唱了这首歌后他不觉得“孤单”了。故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：唱那首歌让我能够坦然做自己。A. fooling欺骗；B.enjoying享受；C. being是；D. teaching教；讲授。根据前文金因为喜欢玩娃娃不被父母认可而不自在，唱了这首歌后不孤单了，可知这里是说能够坦然“做”自己。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位音乐老师当时不可能猜到，那次表演会引导金走上舞台并成为一名著名的音乐家。A. class班级；课；阶级；B. travel旅行；游历；C. performance表演；演出；表现；D. book书；书籍。根据上文“He encouraged King to sing the young boy part in the song ‘William’ s Doll’ in a concert.”可知，这里是说那次“表演”（演唱这首歌）。故选C。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回顾他的生活，金认为他有这样一位宽容的老师是多么幸运啊。A. fortunate幸运的；运气好的；B. funny有趣的；滑稽的；好笑的；C. silly愚蠢的；傻的；D. wrong错误的；不对的。根据前文老师鼓励金演唱那首歌，对金产生了积极影响，引导他成为著名音乐家可知，金觉得有这样的老师很“幸运”。故选A。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. selfish自私的；B. permissive宽容的；放任的；许可的；C. strict严格的；严厉的；D. cruel残酷的；残忍的。根据前文老师鼓励金做自己喜欢的事（演唱关于玩娃娃的歌曲），与父母反对的态度不同可知，老师是“宽容的”。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“作为一名老师，你不知道你可能会对学生产生怎样的影响，”现年75岁的麦克林在同一次采访中向金承认。A. appreciated欣赏；感激； B. disappointed使失望；C. misled误导； D. influenced影响。根据前文老师鼓励金演唱那首歌，对金的人生产生了重大影响，引导他成为著名音乐家可知，这里是说老师不知道自己对学生的“影响”。故选D。
【答案】36．farmers 37．The 38．shaped 39．which 40．is represented 41．importance 42．and 43．them 44．cheerfully 45．To promote
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由中国贵州侗族农民组成的岩洞大歌队，讲述了侗族大歌的特点、重要性，侗族人民通过大歌传承文化，还会在鼓楼欢唱及近年来在国内外巡演推广音乐文化。
【详解】36．考查名词复数。句意：岩洞大歌队是由中国西南部贵州省一个乡镇的侗族农民组成的合唱团。farmer(农民)是可数名词，根据“formed by”及语境可知，此处指多个农民组成的合唱团，应用复数形式。故填farmers。
37．考查冠词。句意：该乐队曾在莱比锡国际声乐节(2015年)、上海世界音乐周(2013年)和日本国学院大学(2011年)演出。此处特指上文提到的“The Yandong Grand Singers”这个乐队，用定冠词the限定；句首单词首字母大写。故填The。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：侗族人民用明亮的嗓音和由该地区独特环境塑造的自然和声，歌唱自然和生活。“(shape) by the unique environment of the area”作后置定语，shape(塑造)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语“bright voices and natural harmonies”之间是被动关系，即“和声被独特环境塑造”，用过去分词作后置定语。故填shaped。
39．考查定语从句。句意：前者的一个例子是《蝉歌》，在这首歌中，歌手模仿蝉翅膀挥舞的声音，而后者则以《人生苦短》和《不唱可惜》为代表。“in ____ the singers copy the waving sounds of cicadas’ wings”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The Cicada Song”，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
40．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：前者的一个例子是《蝉歌》，在这首歌中，歌手模仿蝉翅膀挥舞的声音，而后者则以《人生苦短》和《不唱可惜》为代表。represent(代表)是分句中谓语动词，与主语“the latter”之间是被动关系，结合上下文时态可知，描述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数概念，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is represented。
41．考查名词。句意：对于侗族人来说，侗族大歌的重要性怎么高估都不为过，正如他们的谚语所说：“饭养身，歌养心。”提示词作主语，用名词importance，意为“重要性”，不可数名词。故填importance。
42．考查连词。句意：侗族没有自己的书面语言，他们通过独特的歌曲传承了许多历史、文化和知识。“history, culture”与“knowledge”是并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故填and。
43．考查代词。句意：这些歌曲陪伴他们一生。作动词accompany(陪伴)的宾语，应用宾格形式，they(他们)的宾格是them。故填them。
44．考查副词。句意：乐队成员经常在鼓楼欢快地唱大歌，鼓楼是每个侗族村落都有的集会场所。修饰动词sing(唱)，应用副词cheerfully作状语，意为“欢快地”。故填cheerfully。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了推广他们的音乐文化，近年来他们还在国内外巡回演出。“(promote) their music culture”是“they have also toured nationally and internationally”的目的，用不定式作目的状语；句首单词首字母大写。故填To promote。
46．【答案】One possible version:
Articles WantedDear fellow students,
Good news! Our English Corner is inviting you to share your most breathtaking travel moments during your vacations, whether you chanced upon an amazing view or a unique celebration routine.
If you’d like to participate, please send your article of less than 350 words to englishcorner@guangmingschool.edu with your name and telephone number attached. The closing date for all entries is June 12. Ten articles will be selected and the winners will be announced on July 1. If your story is selected, you will receive 200 to put towards your next trip!
English Corner
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在英语角发一则征稿通知，鼓励同学们分享假期旅游经历。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate→join in
独特的：unique→distinct
激动人心的：breathtaking→exciting
选择：select→choose
2.句式拓展
句型转换
原句：If your story is selected, you will receive 200 to put towards your next trip!
拓展句：Once your story is selected, you will receive 200 to put towards your next trip!
47．【答案】One possible version:
I thought I could help her finish the sun hat. So I took the hat and retired to my own room quietly. Although I felt very tired and sleepy, I tried my best to focus on the work. At about 11:30 pm, I eventually finished it and returned it to Crystal’s room, imagining the fun to see her surprise the next morning. After that, I went to bed and fell asleep as soon as my head landed on the pillow.
But the next morning, Crystal stormed into my room. I quickly opened my eyes and saw her standing beside my bed. As soon as I admitted what I did, she started yelling at me. With tears running down her cheeks, she shouted angrily that it was not supposed to be a sun hat, but a re-usable shopping basket for her mother’s birthday. She said I ruined everything she’d planned. Although she eventually forgave me, the lesson stuck: Being helpful is a virtue. But too much of it can lead to disasters.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和朋友们外出，作者负责路上照顾他人。然后作者发现克里斯托拿着一顶类似遮阳帽的东西，提到她在给她妈妈做生日礼物。于是作者出于好心，帮她完成了太阳帽。结果克里斯托说那根本不是帽子，而是一个可重复使用的购物篮。对方最终原谅的作者，作者也明白了乐于助人是一种美德。但是太多的会导致灾难。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我想我可以帮她完成太阳帽”可知，第一段可描写作者完成太阳帽的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“但是第二天早上，克里斯托冲进了我的房间”可知，第二段可描写克里斯托解释不是帽子，作者好心办坏事。
2.续写线索：帮助完成帽子——送回克里斯托房间——克里斯托责备作者——得知真相——克里斯托原谅作者——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①尽最大努力：try one’s best/spare no effort
②集中精力于：focus on/concentrate on
③导致：lead to/result in
情绪类
①生气地：angrily/annoyedly
②惊讶：surprise/astonishment

展开更多......

收起↑