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2025届山东省泰安市高三下学期三模英语试题
一、阅读理解
The put-together bones of a Stegosaurus (剑龙) named Apex went on display at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) in New York City on December 5th. Apex is the most complete sample of a Stegosaurus and the most expensive ever sold at an auction (拍卖会).
How did the museum get Apex
Apex is on loan to AMNH for four years from Kenneth C． Griffin. In July, Griffin, the leader of an investment firm, purchased Apex at an auction at Sotheby’s in New York City for a record $44.6 million. Griffin lent Apex to AMNH so it could be seen and studied.
Why is Apex valuable
It includes about 80% of the dinosaur’s 320 bones. When Apex was alive 150 million years ago, the animal stood 11 feet tall and was 27 feet long. Scientists can tell from Apex’s remains that it lived a long life, which is why they are excited to study them. Scientists hope to gain a better understanding of the species’ metabolism (代谢) and bone growth.
How did people react
“We are excited to have Apex on view at the museum and grateful to Ken Griffin for his commitment to sharing this wonderful sample,” AMNH president Sean M. Decatur said.
What will happen next
Apex will remain on display near the entrance of the museum’s Gilder Center until fall 2025. At that time, it will be moved to the fourth floor for the rest of the loan period. The museum said it will also create an exact copy of Apex to go on display after Griffin’s loan ends.
1．Why did Griffin lend Apex to the museum
A．He disliked Apex. B．He longed to make money.
C．He enabled wider study. D．He planned to preserve it better.
2．What makes Apex most precious to scientists
A．The unique bone structure. B．The only Stegosaurus sample.
C．Being found on a special occasion. D．Being almost complete and living long.
3．What will happen to Apex in fall 2025
A．It will be returned to Griffin. B．It will be shown on a different floor.
C．The scientists will begin to study it. D．The museum stuff will put it in storage.
I heard about the GulfCorps program when I was searching job online. After reading the job posting, I was very excited and immediately applied. I understood what the position would be like before I started because the staff spent the interview carefully explaining what it was like to be on a crew. I joined GulfCorps’ Aqua Crew in the Houston office as a crew member.
I have always loved the outdoors, and I especially love participating in habitat restoration since I want to positively impact local ecosystems. Every day, I was excited to go into work and get activities done with my incredible crew in nature! Since we rotated (轮换) work between three project sites, I was able to see our progress throughout the season. We had a visible impact on these sites, which was very rewarding.
Our leaders, Dex and Laura, were amazing in such different ways. Dex, who loves to boat and fish taught me all kinds of outdoor skills. I admired his sensitivity towards crew members, and his gentle leadership style was a model I aimed to follow. Laura, a true insect enthusiast, inspired me daily with her capability as a leader, who exemplified leadership through action and is highly resourceful.
As a direct result of the skills and confidence I built with GulfCorps, I was able to get a job after six months of hard work here as a technician with one of the best agricultural research institutions in Western New York, Cornell Cooperative Extension. While my initial goal to gain professional skills and certifications remained unchanged all season, I surprised myself in developing personal goals, too. My experience on the crew made me want to be a leader although I had always considered myself a follower. I certainly became more confident as a result of being surrounded by people who believed in me. Going forward, I want to challenge myself and get out of my comfort zone on a regular basis.
4．How did the author know her work content in a team
A．The website described it. B．Job posts mentioned it.
C．The interview outlined it. D．Training sessions involved it.
5．What was the author’s work like
A．Field-based. B．Office-centered.
C．Lab-related. D．Remote-controlled.
6．Which word can best describe Dex
A．Demanding. B．Caring. C．Decisive. D．Ambitious.
7．How did the author assess her work with GulfCorps
A．She became a leader rapidly. B．She was fit to be others’ follower.
C．She gained public recognition. D．She achieved more than expected.
Lizzi Wolf’s Meager Mercies is a deeply moving and painful novel, based on the true story of an eight-year-old boy who underwent nine months of prison alone. It’s an exploration of recovery ability facing unimaginable hurt and a criticism of a justice system that fails to protect its most defenseless.
The story centers on a child whose innocence is taken away by the unforgiving reality of his situation. Wolf does a remarkable job of presenting a boy’s perspective (视角), picturing his confusion, fear, and longing. His internal world is as vivid as his physical reality, which makes the novel so affecting. Wolf never overstates his difficulty, nor does she reduce the depth of his suffering. Instead, she strikes a delicate balance, allowing the boy’s voice to speak for itself.
The title, Meager Mercies, is suitable and of deep significance. During the boy’s cruel prison, small moments of kindness — a smile from a guard, a comforting memory, a rare sound of life outside his cell — become lifelines. These moments are presented with delicate tenderness, providing a sharp contrast. They remind us of the great power of even the smallest acts of humanity in the face of cruelty. They also serve to highlight the systemic failure that has placed a child in such a desperate situation in the first place.
A unique feature of the novel is the inclusion of illustrations, reflecting the raw emotions of a child’s viewpoint. These illustrations make the story even more heart-breaking as they remind readers of the boy’s innocence and age, emphasizing the sadness of his story. The pictures allow us to step even closer into his experience, making the injustice of his suffering all the more heartfelt.
Wolf’s work is both reserved and emotional, perfectly reflecting the cruelty of the boy’s prison. She uses language economically, mirroring the dullness and emptiness of his existence, but her words carry huge emotional weight. The illustrations work together with the writing, making this a truly multi-layered story that rings long after the final page.
8．What is the main purpose of Lizzi Wolf’s novel
A．To tell an adventurous story of a boy’s survival.
B．To analyze the psychological theories of recovery.
C．To promote social awareness through illustrations.
D．To criticize the justice system for failing weak groups.
9．How does Wolf describe the boy’s experience in the novel
A．By focusing on physical hardships. B．By balancing his voice with realities.
C．By avoiding descriptions of his emotions. D．By overstating his efforts to make a living.
10．Why is the title “Meager Mercies” meaningful
A．It praises the artistic value of the book.
B．It shows the legal system’s attempt to play fair.
C．It contrasts small kindness with systemic cruelty.
D．It emphasizes the boy’s great willpower during isolation.
11．What role do the illustrations play in the novel
A．They criticize the justice system directly. B．They simplify the complex plot for readers.
C．They provide historical context for the story. D．They show the boy’s innocence and perspective.
In recent years, scientists have become aware of new problems associated with the mass production of microplastics, which can now be found on every part of the earth, including inside almost every person on the planet. Part of the problem is the difficulty and expense involved in recycling plastics, which makes it easier to throw them in the trash or the ocean. In a new study, the researchers in Switzerland have developed a way to break down plastics into their monomer (单体) substances, allowing for much easier and cheaper recycling.
Plastics are substances made up of large molecules (分子), which consist of smaller subunits called monomers. They are formed using a process called polymerization, which in essence combines the monomers into a single substance, namely plastic. Pulling them apart again has proven to be difficult and expensive, until now.
The new process involves placing the plastic substances in a chemical liquid and then shining a violet light on it as reactions in the liquid take place — no substance that promotes reactions is needed. The only caveats are that conditions in the container must be kept above 90℃, and the light must remain on the whole time. Once finished, the result is a container filled with monomers and other chemicals, which can be easily separated and recycled.
The technique was discovered by accident, so the team sought to explain why it worked so well. They found that the chemical, when exposed to the plastic substance, produced chlorine radicals (氯自由基) under the light. The radicals then pulled hydrogen atoms from seemingly random parts of the plastic substance backbone, causing it to break. Even better, when it broke, a new radical was formed, kicking off more reactions.
The researchers acknowledge that the reaction is slow, but also note that it has high output and that it is simple, easy and inexpensive to conduct. They suggest it could transform the recycling of plastics around the world.
12．What is the function of paragraph 2
A．To compare old and new recycling methods.
B．To stress the urgency of preventing plastic pollution.
C．To show the complexity of the new plastic-recycling tech.
D．To provide plastic knowledge for the new recycling method.
13．What does the underlined word “caveats” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Results. B．Requirements. C．Advantages. D．Barriers.
14．What might the follow-up study focus on
A．Speeding the reactions in the liquid.
B．Reducing operating costs in the process.
C．Raising people’s awareness of recycling.
D．Increasing the temperatures in the container.
15．Which of the following serves as the best title for the text
A．The Chemistry of Recycling B．Microplastics: Bad to Worse
C．Plastic Recycling’s Old Problems D．Breakthrough: Plastic to Monomers
Just because our plant friends live inside with us doesn’t mean that they have forgotten what it is to be a plant. They may not react to the seasons as dramatically as their cousins outside do. 16 So if you are mad about an unhappy plant in winter, take it easy! Here are four important things to get your green babies to spring.
Water less frequently. Since plants are considerably less active during the winter months, they do not need as much water. Root-ruining overwatering is one of the most common causes of death for indoor plants. This doesn’t mean completely ignoring them, but only water when the soil is dry. 17
Watch the humidity (湿度). Many houseplants like to live in humid environments. In winter, with heaters and fireplaces burning, a lack of humidity can be a problem. 18 As we know it tends to be one of the more humid places in a house. You can also increase humidity by grouping plants together to create a microclimate or use a humidifier near them.
19 While houseplants may love the windowsill for its light, they do not love the windowsill for its drafts and cold air. Likewise, they don’t love being near heat sources like heating pipes, radiators, and fireplaces. In a perfect houseplant world, day temperatures should range from 65 to 75 degrees and drop to no lower than 50 degrees at night.
Dust and tidy-up regularly. We generally think that insect problems would be more a problem in summer. But as it turns out, houseplants are more sensitive to insects in winter because they go into that state of dormancy (冬眠). 20 So make sure you’re wiping the leaves regularly with a damp cloth. And remove any dead or yellowing leaves with a pair of clean, sharp scissors.
A．Keep a steady temperature.
B．But they still feel the changes.
C．Put your plants in your bathroom.
D．It is normal and crucial to change the pots.
E．Insects love to hide in the dust on the plant leaves.
F．You can expect a decline in growth and even leaf drop.
G．You can test this by putting your finger 2 inches into the soil.
二、完形填空
It has been nearly seven years since a group of passionate volunteers start What Cheer Flower Farm in Providence. Their initial 21 was simple: to place flowers into the hands of those needing a 22 in spirits. What makes this truly special is that every single one of the countless 23 grown and distributed by What Cheer comes 24 .
“We want to 25 flowers all over the state and bring happiness and joy,” says Erin Achenbach, the head florist of What Cheer. What Cheer often 26 flowers to local hospitals, food banks, senior centers, recovery centers, and organizations like AIDS Care Ocean State which 27 people affected by HIV.
Stephen Hogan Jr. from AIDS Care Ocean State says, “Seeing the heartfelt 28 on people’s faces when they didn’t expect such a 29 , whether they came for a meeting with their case manager or to participate in one of our programs, is an incredibly 30 experience.”
The What Cheer crew also 31 some flowers of their own. In May, the nonprofit was 32 a record-high $500,000 fund from the Environmental Protection Agency. It was in 33 of their continuous efforts to 34 a brownfield site.
“Not only do we refresh this empty space, but we also establish a habitat for local insects and birds,” says Achenbach 35 . “This, in turn, has a positive effect on people’s lives.”
21．A．solution B．potential C．generosity D．intention
22．A．boost B．challenge C．slide D．decision
23．A．harvests B．plants C．flowers D．crops
24．A．free B．plain C．dead D．wild
25．A．invest B．spread C．consume D．design
26．A．sells B．owes C．limits D．delivers
27．A．avoids B．researches C．supports D．appreciates
28．A．fear B．smiles C．regret D．dreams
29．A．surprise B．disease C．fortune D．fashion
30．A．struggling B．rewarding C．shocking D．disturbing
31．A．promote B．suggest C．deserve D．afford
32．A．lent B．returned C．denied D．awarded
33．A．charge B．defence C．memory D．recognition
34．A．make use of B．make room for C．breathe life into D．set fire to
35．A．shyly B．proudly C．hesitantly D．blankly
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jingui Village is located in Huang township, Lianshan Zhuang and Yao autonomous county, Guangdong, China. 36 a lively spring morning, one bus after another 37 (load) with tourists arrived. Ji Qiiyu, a young entrepreneur, greeted and guided visitors in his neat Zhuang ethnic costume. Visitors explored the village, tasted ethnic dishes 38 tried weaving (编织) Zhuang brocade (织锦).
At 29, Ji is the seventh-generation inheritor (传承人) of the Zhuang brocade technique. Watching his family weave throughout childhood, he 39 (begin) learning at 13. During college, he improved weaving tools and experimented with natural dyes, 40 (expand) brocade colors from five to over 220 shades. After graduating, he returned home to establish a brocade cooperative. His innovations made 41 easier to learn to weave Zhuang brocade, allowing villagers, especially women, 42 (work) from home while earning income.
Ji combined 43 (tradition) patterns with modern designs, creating products popular in markets. To share Zhuang culture 44 (extensive), he organized free training programs, helping over 900 villagers earn money through tourism, homestays and selling farm products.
“By keeping traditions alive through real-life experiences, we help our culture prosper,” explained Ji, 45 work ensures this art form with over a thousand years of history and famous for its bright colors and detailed patterns continues to be passed down through generations.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，你的外国朋友David发来邮件向你询问中国春节申遗成功后，你度过的第一个春节的经历和感受。请写一封邮件回复，内容包括：
1.节日氛围;
2.文化传承与交流;
3.发出邀请。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
I’m glad to share my first Spring Festival experience after its UNESCO heritage listing!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The library’s warm yellow lights bathed me as I paged through my chemistry textbook. The rows of chemical symbols blurred (模糊) into guitar strings dancing in my mind. For three years, the guitar had been my steady heartbeat — until college applications cast a shadow over its rhythm. The smell of old paper mixed with the metallic smell of my guitar strings, which I’d absentmindedly played during every study break. The classroom clock’s steady ticking seemed to go with my anxious breaths.
Every note I played felt like a moral dilemma. Your math dropped by 23 points,” my headteacher said softly, sliding. a progress report across her desk. I traced the downward slope with my finger, noticing how the blue line dropped sharply where my guitar practice hours increased. “Maybe we can adjust your schedule ” she suggested, pointing to the after-school time currently filled with band rehearsals (排练). “What if you tried rearranging your time more properly
My mother’s eyes lightened as she placed a pile of SAT prep books next to my guitar that evening. “I know you love music,” she said, her voice shaking slightly, “but college is a once-in-a-lifetime chance. “I stared at the books’ covers, their titles and the chemical symbols blurring into doubts. I wasn’t certain about my future.
The breaking point came during a particularly tiring week. I’d skipped dinner three nights in a row to perfect a song composition for a regional competition, only to find my history essay incomplete on the submission day. Tears dropped onto my keyboard as I deleted half the song to focus on thesis statements. That night, my mind sank into a battlefield between Beethoven’s sonatas (奏鸣曲) and the sinking feeling of failure.
By December, I’d transformed into a mechanical version of myself. I attended classes, took notes, and practiced my guitar. My bandmates noticed the change and were concerned about me.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
To maintain balance, I developed a flexible schedule.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, I received offers from both my dream music college and engineering university.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．C 11．D
【答案】12．D 13．B 14．A 15．D
【答案】16．B 17．G 18．C 19．A 20．E
【答案】
21．D 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．B 31．C 32．D 33．D 34．C 35．B
【答案】36．On 37．loaded 38．and 39．began 40．expanding 41．it 42．to work 43．traditional 44．extensively 45．whose
46．【答案】Dear David,
I’m glad to share my first Spring Festival experience after its UNESCO heritage listing!
The atmosphere was electric. Our neighborhood glowed with red lanterns, and lively dragon dances filled the streets with energy. This recognition made everyone prouder than ever to celebrate this cultural treasure. Making dumplings with three generations warmed my heart — those flour-covered hands connect past, present and future. What moved me most was seeing foreign friends learning to write the Chinese character “fu” at the community center. Their smiles showed how traditions can build bridges across cultures.
How about joining us next year You’ll feel its magic firsthand!
Yours,
Li Hua
47．【答案】One possible version:
To maintain balance, I developed a flexible schedule. It reads like this: Morning study blocks from 7:00 - 8:30 AM with 10-minute stretch breaks, followed by 45-minute focused practice in the school music room each afternoon. I met with teachers to arrange major projects into weekly milestones and reserved Saturday mornings for songwriting with bandmates. By using a habit-tracking app to monitor both study progress and creative output, I transformed my desk into a dual workspace — textbooks on the left, sheet music on the right, separated by a motivational quote board.
Finally, I received offers from both my dream music college and engineering university. What’s more, a scholarship that celebrated my “ability to harmonize academic difficulty with artistic passion” arrived. My essay, Finding Rhythm in Chemical Symbols, now hangs framed above my desk — a reminder that discipline doesn’t mean sacrifice. As I play my guitar under the library lights tonight, I realize the true victory lies in composing a life where every note of ambition resonates with purpose, proving that passion and responsibility aren’t opposites — they’re two notes in harmony with each other.

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