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专题05 阅读理解之说明文18篇
You’re more flexible than you think, suggests a new study. Researchers in Germany find people can actually bend their wrists much further than their own brain believes.
“The brain obviously doesn’t have an accurate image of the body movement limits,” says Dr. Pilacinski, a neuroscientist and co-author of the study. The brain areas involved in motor planning and motor imagery are used to create a representation of their limbs (四肢), and previous studies have shown that people have a distorted perception of their body. For example, they typically underestimate the weight or size of their hands.
The study authors wanted to see if there was a similar bias (偏差) for body movements. A total of 84 people were brought in for two studies and were first asked to estimate how far they moved their hands in four different directions. Some people were asked to visualize the hand movements mentally and use a ruler to show how far they expected their wrists to move. Other participants were shown several positions on a ruler and asked to guess whether or not they could reach those spots when they bent their wrists. After making these estimations, the study authors measured their actual wrist mobility as they bent their hand inwards and outwards towards their forearm.
In three of the four hand movement rotations (旋转), the research showed a notable difference between the mobility people assumed they had and their actual wrist mobility. On average, people underestimated their wrist mobility by at least 10 degrees. Overall, the researchers determined that most underestimated their wrist flexibility, which may be a protective measure.
The most likely explanation is that this bias serves as a protective mechanism safeguarding people from potential injury, thereby ensuring that they don’t engage in actions that could lead to risk-taking and subsequent harm to themselves. “This way, we may have to make small corrections during our movements, but that protects us, ” says Pilacinski.
According to the authors, the new findings are helpful for sports, where people are often encouraged to go beyond their usual mobility. Knowing that their actual mobility is greater than they assume could help people better imagine themselves going beyond their limits.
1．Which one can replace the underlined word “distorted” in paragraph 2
A．Misleading. B．Convincing. C．Enlarged. D．Simplified.
2．How did the researchers check the bias for body movements
A．By analyzing hand moving directions. B．By measuring the range of movements.
C．By comparing estimated and actual data. D．By testing participants’ brain responses.
3．Why does the brain tend to make such an underestimate
A．To stretch our physical limits. B．To prevent potential risks.
C．To enhance the body flexibility. D．To fulfill hidden functions.
4．What does the last paragraph talk about
A．The research on the mobility. B．The goal of the further study.
C．The key takeaways of the study. D．The significance of the finding.
For decades, scientists have debated whether protecting large, continuous habitats or fragmented (碎片化的) areas better addresses the biodiversity crisis. Recently, a new study in Nature has delivered a potentially decisive answer to the debate.
“The heart of the debate,” explained lead author Thiago Gon alves-Souza, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Michigan, “is that supporters of fragmentation compare it to puzzle pieces–arguing that if we assume disconnected habitats develop unique species compositions, the total biodiversity across the entire landscape could increase, like grouping distinct patterns together into a more complex whole.”
To test whether that assumption holds up in practice, a group of 28 scientists, people in Europe, South and Central America and Australia, gathered data from 37 studies of biodiversity covering six continents and more than 4,000 species. That data enabled them to check the number and kinds of species found in large sections of land against the same measurements from a collection of smaller fragments from similar ecosystems nearby.
On a broad landscape level, the scientists found that fragmented areas had, on average,12%fewer species than continuous areas, with a shortage ranging from 10.7% to 18%. Even when accounting for differences in the amount of habitat, the shortage remained significant. This makes sense due to three key issues: disconnected areas prevent movement (e. g., large animals disappear without connected hunting grounds), exposed edges attract invaders (入侵者) and climate damage, and small populations weaken due to reproduction among relatives.
These findings suggest that fragmented areas have lower ecological value. But does it mean conservation efforts should abandon small fragments “Not necessarily,” said Gon alves-Souza. “In many countries, there aren’t large, undamaged forests remaining. Therefore, our focus should be on planting new forests and recovering increasingly degraded habitats, which is crucial for the future, more so than debating whether it’s better to have one large forest or many smaller fragments.”
5．The comparison of puzzle pieces in paragraph 2 is used to show ______.
A．how humans break apart nature
B．why fragmented habitats need protection
C．why species composition varies by habitat
D．how habitat differences increase total biodiversity.
6．What did the gathered data serve as
A．A method for risk assessment. B．A guide for resource distribution.
C．The foundation for comparative analysis. D．The evidence for further assumptions.
7．What can we learn about fragmentation in paragraph 4
A．It results in habitat connectivity.
B．It weakens the growth of invasive species.
C．It releases the potential of habitat recovery.
D．It leads to a range of ecological disturbances.
8．What does Gon alves-Souza suggest in the last paragraph
A．Abandoning small fragments. B．Advancing nature restoration.
C．Protecting existing large forests. D．Exploring fragmentation impacts.
Festivals are an important part of different cultures. They showcase unique traditions and values. Here are some well-known festivals from around the world.Carnival in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
This world-famous festival happens 40 days before Easter. It’s full of bright colors, music, and dancing. Big parades are held, with samba groups showing off their amazing floats and performers wearing colorful costumes. The excitement is everywhere as millions of people come to the streets to have fun. For tourists, the cost of tickets can be different, but a basic ticket for the main parades may start at about $100.Songkran in Thailand
Songkran is the Thai New Year festival. It takes place from April 13 — 15. People celebrate it by splashing water on each other. This is a way to wash away bad luck and start fresh. There are also religious activities, like going to temples and giving food to monks. During Songkran, the price of local hotels usually goes up by around 30% compared to normal times.Holi in India
Holi, the Festival of Colors, usually comes in late February or early March. People throw colored powder and water at each other. They sing, dance, and celebrate the victory of good over evil. It’s a time when everyone gets together and has a great time. Families and friends share traditional sweets. The price of a packet of colored powder for Holi can be between $1 — 5, depending on quality.La Tomatina in Spain
Held on the last Wednesday of August in Bu ol, La Tomatina is the world’s largest tomato fight. Over 20,000 people throw 150 tons of tomatoes at each other for one hour. Tickets for participants cost around ?10 — ?15, and the event generates about ?250,000 for the local economy. After the fight, fire trucks wash the streets, and everyone enjoys a communal meal.
9．What do Carnival in Rio de Janeiro and Holi in India have in common
A．They are both celebrated in February. B．They both feature colors and dancing.
C．They both involve religious ceremonies. D．They both have a fixed date every year.
10．According to the text, which of the following is true about Songkran
A．It is celebrated for two days. B．Water-splashing represents making money.
C．Temple visits are part of the celebration. D．Accommodation prices decrease during the festival.
11．If three participants want to buy tickets for La Tomatina in Spain, how much will they probably spend in total
A．?10. B．?15. C．?25. D．?36.
Nezha 2, the cartoon film, released on January 29, 2025, has won its worldwide recognition. This popular film takes viewers on another inspiring journey, combining ancient tales with modern themes of self-discovery and fight against fate.
The film shows remarkable character growth. Ne Zha, once known for his rebellious (叛逆) nature, learns to care deeply for his friends and to understand his true self. His friend Ao Bing, who used to struggle with personal troubles, transforms into a brave warrior. In one powerful scene, Ne Zha declares courageously, “If there’s no path, I’ll create one!” These words of Ne Zha provide the audience with an insight into the strong will of this amazing character, and he struggles with newfound responsibilities to shape a better tomorrow. The introduction of new characters adds depth to the story, creating complex relationships that challenge Ne Zha’s worldview.
The film’s production quality is better than its formers, for its breathtaking landscapes and fluent action scenes with attractive storylines that match the best Hollywood productions. The film’s color setting is enthusiastic and lively, effectively conveying the emotional intensity of each scene.
While the film maintains its Chinese cultural roots, it explores universal themes that resonate (共鸣) with global audiences. The struggle between individual desires and societal expectations is particularly relevant to teenagers, making it an excellent choice for high school students to analyze and discuss. At its core, Nezha 2 is a sample to the power of persistence and self-belief. Its message of challenging predetermined fates and creating one’s own path is both inspiring and empowering, especially for young viewers guiding their own journeys of self-discovery.
While the plot may feel familiar at times, the film’s amazing visuals, emotional depth, and powerful themes make it a worthwhile watch. Nezha 2 not only entertains but also encourages viewers to question societal principles and accept their unique identities — a valuable lesson for students and adults alike.
12．What can we learn from Ne Zha’s statement “If there’s no path, I’ll create one!”
A．He stresses the importance of teamwork in achieving goals.
B．He has a desire to escape from personal responsibilities.
C．He has the courage to create his own bright future.
D．He dares challenge of modern society’s rules.
13．What makes the film comparable to Hollywood works
A．It has remarkable characters. B．It has a valuable lesson.
C．It has an amazing box office. D．It has striking visual effects.
14．What is the author’s attitude toward the film
A．Appreciative. B．Cautious. C．Indifferent. D．Disappointed.
15．Where would this text most likely be found
A．In a historical research paper. B．In a magazine.
C．In a textbook. D．In a biography.
In 2023, trucks moved $15 trillion worth of goods in the United States. Trucking is what keeps America’s economy moving, plain and simple. Advances in artificial intelligence, lasers, radar, and cameras are prepared to automate long-distance trucking on interstate highways. At the same time, battery technology has progressed to the point where electrifying semi-trucks is increasingly economical.
“Autonomy and electrification combined could lead to a 50% decrease in emissions and 46% savings in life cycle costs,” a team of researchers reported earlier this summer in a paper. “Electrification of all U. S. trucks would result in $32.3 billion — $39.2 billion in avoided damages annually and health benefits throughout the United States.” Widespread autonomous, electric trucks are projected to be good for business and for America’s collective health. But will they ever be practical
At face value, the prospect is discouraging. First off, current diesel-powered (柴油动力) semi-trucks can travel 1,000 to 1,800 miles before needing a roughly twenty-minute refueling. Right now, even the best electric trucks can only travel at most 500 miles before requiring a lengthy recharge (which can take anywhere from 30 minutes to six or more hours).
Second, refueling infrastructure (基础建设) for diesel trucks is widespread and easy to use, while charging infrastructure for electric semi-trucks is essentially nonexistent. Moreover, building it could cost $1 trillion according to one analysis. Such a pricey investment is scary for any single trucking firm. That means taxpayers might be asked to foot the bill.
Third, essentially the core, this new system could effectively remove the long-distance trucking profession, which employs roughly 351,000 Americans.
Would realizing an electric, autonomous trucking future be worth the cost It’s hard to say right now, but the potential is certainly there. Imagine a world where trucks constantly run on interstate highways. Free of human drivers, they’ll run at all hours, stopping only to recharge every 800 or so miles. Human operators are only permitted to drive eleven hours in a day, so goods will arrive faster than they do now.
This future is possible, but likely decades off. The costly reorientation (重新定位) needed to realize it — in terms of dollars spent and jobs lost — is an alarming barrier.
16．What advantages do autonomous and electric trucks have
A．They are affordable and long-lasting. B．They are accessible and eco-friendly.
C．They are green and cost-efficient. D．They are convenient and strongly-powered.
17．What might be the vital problem for autonomy and electrification of trucks
A．Recharging the trucks. B．Costing too much.
C．Lacking related laws. D．Causing unemployment.
18．What’s the author’s attitude toward autonomous and electric trucking
A．Cautious. B．Optimistic. C．Prejudiced. D．Dismissive.
19．Which of the following is the best title
A．Is the Future of Trucks Autonomous and Electric
B．Why Should Trucking Be Autonomous and Electric
C．How Does Trucking Get Autonomous and Electric
D．What Prevents Autonomy and Electrification of Trucking
A physical examination usually begins with a series of questions. For instance, what foods do you eat Do you smoke Getting any exercise A new research suggests another telling indicator could be added to that list: What was your college major The research shows that the field one chooses to study in college can, statistically speaking, significantly predict one’s health in middle age.
The researchers find four majors associated with the best midlife health are architecture/engineering, biology/life sciences, business, and — here’s a surprise — communications/journalism. Perhaps chasing after big stories keeps us journalists in shape.
It has long been established that people with more education tend to be healthier. But does one’s major matter To find out, the researchers analyzed data from the nationally representative American Community Survey.
Their sample consisted of 3.7 million United States-born adults between the ages of 45 and 64 — the time of life when physical functioning problems start to appear. Participants noted whether they had difficulty walking or climbing stairs, dressing or bathing. A “yes” answer in any of those categories resulted in a grade of relatively poor health.
The researchers focused on the 667,362 participants who earned a bachelor’s degree, but went no further in their education. They noted each person’s college major, which they placed into one of 15 categories. They found substantial differences in health across majors. Two majors are particularly disadvantaged in midlife. The chances of poor health are 1.9 times greater among psychology and law/public policy majors compared to business majors. The researchers argue this is likely due to several factors. Psychology majors tend to suffer from high unemployment and low earnings. Law/public policy majors often enter the field of law enforcement (执行).
The researchers say that they have discovered associations, not proof of causality. But they make a convincing case that some majors lead people to live healthier lifestyles than others. Their findings might even inspire a warning country song: Mammas, don’t let your babies grow up to be psychology majors.
20．What can be learned from the first paragraph
A．Smoking can lead to poor health.
B．Diet is more important than exercise.
C．College major could be added to a checkup list.
D．Regular physical checkups help maintain your well-being.
21．What is the main method used by the researchers to assess participants’ health
A．Blood tests. B．Physical fitness tests.
C．Mental health evaluations. D．Questions about daily activities.
22．Which major is most likely bad for midlife health according to the researchers
A．Engineering. B．Psychology.
C．Business. D．Journalism.
23．What is the best title of the passage
A．Your college major predicts midlife health.
B．Your major can influence your career interests.
C．The annual physical checkup is necessary to life.
D．People with more education tend to be healthier.
Bryan Johnson wants to live forever. The American businessman takes a hundred pills a day, never eats after 11:00 a. m. , and constantly monitors dozens of his body’s “biomarkers”. The goal, as he says, is not merely to live a few years longer but to conquer death entirely. Odd Undoubtedly. He is part of a growing movement — human enhancement, which sees the human body as just another piece of hardware (硬件) to be adjusted and upgraded.
Those would-be supermans have a large menu of techniques to choose from. The drug metformin (二甲双胍), for instance, has been offered to diabetics (糖尿病患者) for decades. Adventurous ones travel to Honduras to have genes inserted into their cells to make more of a protein. A still more extreme choice is the brain-computer interface (BCI) (脑机接口), a device designed to pass signals directly between biological brains and silicon (硅) chips.
Plenty of people seem to want to try out these ideas. But the human-enhancement project suffers from two related problems. The first is that it is a confusing mix of cutting-edge science and old-fashioned snake oil. Some of its ideas look genuinely promising, and many are designed to cheat innocent customers of their money. The second problem is that the poor reputation scares off the sort of large-scale investment that could help move enhancement forward more quickly and safely.
To fix that, governments should create an environment in which strict and thorough trials can more easily take place. That will mean rethinking the purpose of medical regulation. American regulators recently approved a trial of metformin as an anti-ageing medicine. Better rules would help patients identify the good from the bad.
Thinking about human enhancement now will also help governments prepare to deal with the downsides. If technologies like BCI work half as well as some hope, they will leave those who refuse them at a big disadvantage. Better for governments to set some rules now than be caught off guard if and when Mr Johnson and his fellows strike it big.
24．What does Bryan Johnson’s daily routine indicate
A．His belief in natural ageing processes. B．His commitment to living permanently.
C．His enjoyment of mixing pills with food. D．His rejection of traditional medical treatment.
25．What is the purpose of Paragraph 2
A．To compare the effectiveness of different drugs.
B．To present the flexibility of human enhancement.
C．To praise the super technology of human enhancement.
D．To provide examples of human enhancement techniques.
26．What problems does the human-enhancement project face
A．High costs and low public trust. B．Moral concerns and government bans.
C．Reputation challenge and limited investment. D．Technological barriers and ineffective regulations.
27．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Superhuman: A Wild Dream Within Reach
B．Anti-Ageing Research: A Must-seize Initiative
C．Bryan Johnson: A Man Pursuing Everlasting Life
D．Human Enhancement: A Frontier Shadowed by Risks
Confused about AI and worried about what it means for your future and the future of the world In AI Snake Oil, computer scientists Arvind Narayanan and Sayash Kapoor cut through the confusion to give you an essential understanding of how AI works and why it often doesn’t, where it might be useful or harmful, and when you should suspect that companies are using AI hype (炒作) to sell AI snake oil — products that don’t work and probably never will.
The authors take direct aim at predictive AI, which is mostly used to make predictions about people. Will a defendant fail to show up for trial Is a patient at high risk of negative health outcomes Will a student drop out of college These predictions are then used to make consequential decisions in criminal justice, health and education. Developers claim predictive AI is groundbreaking, but in reality it fails to live up to the promises made by its developers. The authors argue that while we have made consistent progress in some fields such as weather prediction, many social and individual outcomes are fundamentally unpredictable due to their complexity and the role of chance events.
The authors are a bit more generous with generative AI, recognizing its value if used smartly. But in a section titled “Automating bullshit”, the authors note that ChatGPT is shockingly good at sounding convincing on any imaginable topic, but there is no source of truth during training. And the training data can contain false information — the data are mostly Internet text after all. They emphasize that an overreliance on generative AI can discourage critical thinking, the human quality at the very heart of this book.
When it comes to why these problems exist and how to change them, Narayanan and Kapoor bring a clear point of view: society has been too polite and respectful to the tech industry. Better regulation is essential.
This book is an easy read, providing plenty of useful suggestions that can benefit anyone, whether you make policy decisions, use AI in the workplace or just spend time searching online.
28．What is the book AI Snake Oil intended for
A．Clarifying AI’s actual capacity and limits.
B．Erasing people’s fears about their future.
C．Correcting errors in using AI tools.
D．Introducing the basics of AI.
29．What does the author want to say about predictive AI by raising three questions
A．It can predict human needs.
B．It doesn’t work as advertised.
C．Its advantages outweigh problems.
D．Its developers meet their commitments.
30．What can be inferred about generative AI
A．It is always well-received. B．It is based on reliable data.
C．It is actually double-edged. D．It is packed with false orders.
31．What does the author think of the book by Narayanan and Kapoor
A．Vivid and sharp. B．Abstract and simple.
C．Plain and heart-warming. D．Practical and straightforward.
In the desert in Peru, over 300 new ancient drawings were discovered by using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and drones (无人机). The Nazca people, who lived in the area over 2,000 years ago, made the drawings by removing the reddish top layer (层) of rocks in the desert. The drawings are called “geoglyphs (地画)”. The Nazca Lines, which are a famous group of huge ancient drawings, include many different kinds of geoglyphs, from simple shapes to pictures of animals and plants, usually drawn with a single long, winding line.
The first geoglyph was discovered in 1927. Since then, scientists have found around 430 geoglyphs in the area. Now, using AI and drones, scientists have found 303 new geoglyphs. The discovery of one geoglyph used to take three or four years, but now may be done in two or three months. However, the AI program also made lots of mistakes — for every 36 possible geoglyphs the program found, the scientists discovered only one actual geoglyph. Even so, the new method of turning up geoglyphs was much faster than the scientists could have managed without drones and AI.
To find the new geoglyphs, the scientists trained a special AI program to analyze satellite images for potential geoglyphs. They spent over 2,600 hours looking at places the AI had advised. They took lots of pictures with drones and worked on the ground in Peru to check out the locations. Most of the new-found geoglyphs are smaller than the ones already discovered, and are about nine meters in length. Many of them seem to show humans as well as animals.
The scientists are still trying to figure out what the geoglyphs mean. For one thing, the scientists discovered paths in the Nazca Desert. The scientists believe these paths were made by the Nazca people walking through the desert, and that the smaller geoglyphs were meant to be seen by these travellers. The scientists also believe the larger geoglyphs are different and may have been used for celebrations or other special events.
32．How were the Nazca geoglyphs created
A．By adding red rocks. B．By carving in the soil.
C．By copying winding lines. D．By clearing rock surface layers.
33．Why does the author list the figures in paragraph 2
A．To stress the efficiency of the new method. B．To show the drones’ imperfection.
C．To argue for more funding. D．To prove AI’s accuracy.
34．What can be inferred about the process of discovering new geoglyphs
A．Drones were used for initial checks. B．Fieldwork confirmed AI suggestions.
C．AI identified all geoglyphs precisely. D．Satellites ignored some new geoglyphs.
35．What do the scientists think the larger geoglyphs were likely to be used for
A．Wildlife adoration. B．Desert decoration. C．Special occasions. D．Road signs.
If your day starts with a harsh alarm sound, you might want to rethink your wake-up routine. New research from the University of Virginia’s School of Nursing suggests that the way you’re waking up could be putting unnecessary stress on your heart.
Nursing doctoral student Yeonsu Kim studied 32 participants and found that being forced awake — like by a loud phone alarm — can lead to a significant morning blood pressure surge. This happens when your body is suddenly shifted from sleep to wakefulness. And it was found to be 74% higher in participants who were awakened by an alarm after five hours of sleep compared to those who woke up naturally. And that’s no small concern — morning blood pressure surges have been linked to serious cardiovascular (心血管的) risks, including stroke and heart attack.
The increase in blood pressure activates your sympathetic nervous system — the same system that sets off the “fight or flight” response. That can lead to a rapid heartbeat, anxiety, exhaustion, and even physical symptoms like headaches and nosebleeds.
The good news There are better, healthier ways to greet the day. Instead of relying on harsh alarms, many people are turning to gentler methods — and research backs them up. One popular option is a gradual light alarm, also known as a sunrise alarm clock. These devices imitate the rising sun by slowly increasing in brightness over a set period of time. The gentle light helps signal your body to reduce melatonin (褪黑激素) production and transition into wakefulness more naturally, reducing dizziness and morning stress.
There are also alarm apps that use soft music or nature sounds that gradually get louder, helping you wake without shocking your system. A 2020 study even found that melodic sounds — like a song you can sing along with — help reduce sleep inertia, a sleepy, heavy feeling that can linger for hours after waking up.
Small changes can make a big difference in how your body starts the day and your heart will thank you for it!
36．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “surge” in Paragraph 2
A．a steady rhythm B．a slow decline
C．a sudden increase D．a hidden danger
37．What physical symptoms can be caused by activating the sympathetic nervous system
A．Reduced melatonin levels. B．Slower heartbeat.
C．Improved sleep quality. D．Nervousness and tiredness.
38．What can be inferred from the research findings mentioned in the passage
A．People who wake up naturally never experience morning blood pressure surges.
B．Reducing melatonin production immediately improves cardiovascular health.
C．Gradual waking methods may lower the risk of heart-related diseases.
D．Loud alarms are the primary cause of strokes and heart attacks worldwide.
39．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To persuade us to stop using alarms.
B．To explain the dangers of sudden wake-up methods.
C．To compare different types of alarm sounds.
D．To criticize modern sleep habits.
Google Shopping is transforming the way people discover and purchase fashion items by integrating advanced AI tools that make shopping more intuitive and personalized. Every day, over a billion shopping searches occur on Google, yet more than half of shoppers report difficulties finding products that match their specific vision—whether it’s a “colorful midi dress with big daisies” or “tailored wide-leg trousers.” To bridge this gap, Google has rolled out innovative features designed to enhance product discovery and decision-making.
One standout feature is Vision Match, now available to all mobile users in the U. S. This tool allows shoppers to describe their ideal item in detail—such as “strapless satin evening gown with lace trim”—and generate AI-powered visual suggestions. By selecting the “Can’t find it Create it!” option or using the “Create & shop” button in the Shopping tab, users receive tailored recommendations that bring their fashion ideas to life. The feature not only displays AI-generated images but also surfaces similar purchasable products from various retailers.
Another key advancement is the expanded virtual try-on tool, which now includes pants, skirts, and dresses in addition to tops. When browsing items labeled with a “try on” badge, shoppers can see how garments fit on real models representing a wide range of body types, from XXS to XXL. Google’s improved machine learning models even generate complete outfit previews, pairing selected bottoms with complementary tops and shoes for a realistic styling experience. This helps users visualize how pieces will look in real life, reducing uncertainty and boosting confidence in their purchases.
By combining AI-generated visuals, precise search matching, and immersive try-on capabilities, Google Shopping is addressing common frustrations in online fashion retail. These tools aim to replicate (复制) the in-store experience of exploring styles and assessing fit, all within a digital platform. While currently limited to the U. S. market, these innovations signal a shift toward more interactive, user-centric e-commerce—one where finding the perfect item is as simple as describing it or seeing it worn before clicking “buy”.
40．What is the main purpose of Google Shopping’s new AI tools
A．To favor certain retailers. B．To replace human designers.
C．To decrease search numbers. D．To enhance shopping experience.
41．How does the “Vision Match” feature work
A．By completing purchases automatically. B．By generating AI-based visual suggestions.
C．By enabling custom clothing design services. D．By displaying only partnered brands’ products.
42．What is a key benefit of the virtual try-on tool
A．It displays clothing fit on diverse body types.
B．It provides discounts for trying items virtually.
C．It automatically creates outfits from different stores.
D．It allows users to redesign clothes before purchasing.
43．What future trend does Google Shopping’s AI signal
A．More physical stores. B．Less product details.
C．Fewer global markets. D．Interactive online shopping.
A gig is a part-time job performed by freelance (自由职业的) workers for a limited amount of time. The term “gig economy” is broadly described as “economic activity that involves the use of temporary or freelance workers to perform jobs typically in the service sector”. For instance, driving for a ride-share company; delivering groceries; performing home maintenance duties; selling handmade goods and renting your home, etc.
According to the ADP Editorial Team, the gig economy arose from several factors: the 2007-2008 financial crisis, during which more people with traditional jobs needed “side jobs” to keep their heads above water; the tech explosion that allowed people to work from virtually anywhere; and the emergence of apps and websites such as Airbnb (2008), Uber (2009), and Postmates (2011).
Although the COVID-19 pandemic temporarily paused the growth of the gig economy, the industry has continued to grow and increase in value.
So, is the gig economy good for us
Some people believe the gig economy offers job flexibility. For many younger workers who are not interested in the traditional “nine-to-five” job, gig work allows for flexibility in working hours and the kind of work pursued, giving them a fair amount of freedom.
Meanwhile, the gig economy provides extra income. As Encyclopedia Britannica Money noted, “We could all use a little extra cash in our pockets every now and then. One way to give a boost to your monthly budget is to pick up some side-job income in your free time.” Joining the gig economy cannot only ease stress caused by limited savings, but it can also provide quick money for anything from a medical emergency to a vacation.
However, the gig economy creates job insecurity. Gig workers do not have a permanent job and routinely face the risk of losing income. A study of gig workers in Australia reported that they face “higher rates of stress than the general population” because of the “uncertainty, unpredictability, and instability of both schedules and income earned”.
44．The phrase “keep their heads above water” in Paragraph 2 most likely means ________.
A．avoid their heads from sinking under water
B．invest in new technology
C．cover basic living expenses
D．start a small business
45．Why does the author mention the COVID-19 pandemic in Paragraph 3
A．To show the gig economy is declining.
B．To explain why people need extra income.
C．To criticize the risks of gig jobs during crises.
D．To emphasize its temporary impact on gig work.
46．What is a key difference between gig workers and traditional employees
A．Traditional jobs offer more financial security.
B．Gig workers have fixed working hours.
C．Gig workers need no special skills.
D．Traditional jobs are all in the service sector.
47．Which title best summarizes the passage
A．The Gig Economy: Freedom or Uncertainty
B．The Gig Economy: A Revolution in Flexible Work
C．From Uber to Airbnb: How Technology Shaped Modern Jobs
D．Freelancing: Independence or Financial Risk
Parents hoping to raise bilingual (说双语的) children have long been given the advice to employ a strict one-parent-one-language approach. However, the findings from Concordia University’s Infant Research Lab indicate that many families in Montreal don’t abide by this model, with both parents frequently using both languages when communicating with their children. “This made sense to us, because there are a lot of adults in Montreal who are actively bilingual,” says Andrea Sander-Montant, lead author of the study.
The researchers analyzed data from 300 families taking part in the lab’s research between 2013 and 2020. They identified four main strategies used by the families: one-parent-one-language, both-parents-bilingual, one-parent-bilingual (where one parent uses both languages and the other uses one) and one-language-at-home (where one language is used at home and another one is used outside the home, such as at daycare) .
The study found there wasn’t a single strategy that could be singled out as “best” to raise a child bilingually. But when they looked at parents’ language use individually rather than the family’s overall strategy, the researchers had an unexpected and striking finding: mothers had up to twice the impact on language exposure compared to fathers. The influence of mothers was particularly clear in heritage-language families.
“We think this may be the case because mothers still spend more time at home than fathers. There may also be cultural factors at play; where mothers feel it is their responsibility to transmit (传播) the language,” says Sander-Montant.
“This points to a new way of talking about transmitting languages,” says Krista Byers-Heinlein, a professor in the Department of Psychology. “Rather than stressing about using this or that strategy, families can make a calculation of who is spending time with the child and then figure out how the child can receive enough experience in both languages from fluent speakers.” The researchers believe these findings will have a real-world impact for policymakers, health care workers and educators who closely work with and give advice to bilingual families.
48．What does the underlined phrase “abide by” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．Follow. B．Perceive. C．Oppose. D．Transform.
49．What is the key factor in leading to the breakthrough of the study
A．Long-held parenting beliefs. B．Conventional language guidelines.
C．Individual parental language use. D．Main strategies in bilingual families.
50．Why does the author quote Sander-Montant’s words in paragraph 4
A．To introduce another topic. B．To prove the finding reasonable.
C．To highlight the role of mothers. D．To provide essential background.
51．What is Byers-Heinlein’s suggestion for bilingual parents
A．Sending children to bilingual schools.
B．Hiring a full-time language teacher.
C．Seeking advice from health care professionals.
D．Fully exposing kids to both fluent languages.
Recently, Lei Jun announced Xiaomi’s self - developed mobile phone chip, Xuanjie O1 (玄戒 O1), which has attracted widespread attention. This is a significant step for Xiaomi in the technology field.
The Xuanjie O1 chip uses the advanced second-generation 3-nm process technology. With 19 billion transistors packed in a small area, it shows strong computing power. The chip has a 10-core CPU and a 16-core GPU. In terms of performance, it has reached the first-echelon level in the industry. For example, in some benchmark tests, its scores are comparable to those of chips from well-known international manufacturers.
The development of this chip was not easy. Since 2021 when the “Xuanjie” project was restarted, Xiaomi has invested over 13.5 billion yuan in four years. A team of more than 2500 people has been working hard on it. They have overcome numerous technical difficulties, such as optimizing the layout of transistors to improve the chip’s performance and power efficiency.
The launch of the Xuanjie O1 chip also has great significance for Xiaomi. It helps Xiaomi reduce its dependence on external chip suppliers. In the past, like many other mobile phone manufacturers, Xiaomi mainly relied on foreign chip suppliers. Now, with its own chip, Xiaomi can better control the core technology of its products and enhance its competitiveness in the global smartphone market.
52．What process technology does the Xuanjie O1 chip use
A．The first-generation 3-nm process technology. B．The second-generation 3-nm process technology.
C．The 5-nm process technology. D．The 7-nm process technology.
53．How many transistors does the Xuanjie O1 chip have
A．10 billion. B．16 billion. C．19 billion. D．25 billion.
54．What is the significance of the Xuanjie O1 chip for Xiaomi
A．It increases Xiaomi’s dependence on external chip suppliers.
B．It makes Xiaomi’s products more expensive.
C．It helps Xiaomi reduce its dependence on external suppliers and enhance its competitiveness.
D．It has no practical significance for Xiaomi.
55．How much has Xiaomi invested in the “Xuanjie” project in four years
A．Over 10 billion yuan. B．Over 13.5 billion yuan.
C．Over 20 billion yuan. D．Over 25 billion yuan.
Inspired by the Chinese blockbuster film Ne Zha 2, where the immortal Taiyi Zhenren uses the Seven-Colored Lotus to reconstruct bodies, a scientific team in Wuhan, Hubei Province has spent a decade developing real-life bone regeneration technology using lotus.
A research team from Wuhan Polytechnic University’s School of Food Science and Engineering has pioneered a groundbreaking medical application using extracts from lotus root fibers. By employing 3D printing technology, they create customized bone scaffolds tailored to bone defect areas. These scaffolds stabilize fractured skeletons while guiding cells to grow along the lotus fiber structures, accelerating bone tissue regeneration.
Jiang Xueye, a lead researcher on the team, explained that compared to traditional steel nail implants, the lotus fiber scaffolds address issues such as poor adaptability and extensive surgical exposure. They also significantly reduce the risk of patient rejection. Crucially, the scaffold’s degradation perfectly corresponds with the rate of new bone growth, making secondary removal surgeries unnecessary.
The technology is currently undergoing animal trials and, if successfully applied in clinical settings, could dramatically lower treatment costs and ease suffering for fracture patients, the school noted.
Beyond medical breakthroughs, the team has made remarkable progress in developing functional food ingredients and health products from lotus roots. Their patented lotus root powder preserves nearly all nutrients and can be used to create instant drink mixes, fish cakes and cookies, high-activity probiotic products through lactic acid bacteria fermentation (乳酸菌发酵). The gelatinized (糊化) power also serves as a materials for 3D-printed foods, suggesting a future where imaginative treats shaped like Ne Zha or his Wind and Fire Wheels could be crafted on demand.
56．What is the main focus of the research team from Wuhan Polytechnic University
A．Developing new 3D printers.
B．Creating traditional steel nail implants.
C．Using lotus root fibers to rebuild bones.
D．Producing functional foods from lotus roots.
57．What advantage do lotus fiber scaffolds have over traditional steel nail implants
A．They are cheaper to produce.
B．They reduce the risk of patient rejection and avoid secondary surgeries.
C．They immediately dissolve post-surgery to prevent infection.
D．They have lower immune rejection rates.
58．What is a potential future application of the gelatinized lotus root powder mentioned in the article
A．3D-printed foods shaped like characters or objects.
B．Construction materials for bridges.
C．Fuel for vehicles.
D．Clothing for athletes.
59．What is the author’s attitude towards the research team’s work on lotus fiber scaffolds
A．Skeptical and critical.
B．Neutral and indifferent.
C．Confused and uncertain.
D．Enthusiastic and supportive.
Ria Kalluri and her coworkers gave a simple demand to Dall-E. This bot uses AI to make images. “We asked for an image of a disabled person leading a meeting,” says Kalluri. It shouldn’t be hard for Dall-E.
But the bot couldn’t do it.
Dall-E produced “a person who is visibly disabled watching a meeting while someone else leads,” Kalluri recalls, who studies AI at Stanford University in California.
Kalluri’s group also found examples of many other types of bias (偏差) in images made by bots. Sadly, all of these biases are assumptions that many people also make. But AI paints a world that is more biased than reality.
In addition to Dall-E, Kalluri’s group also tested Stable Diffusion, another image-making bot. “When asked for photos of an attractive person, its results were all light-skinned,” says Kalluri. “And many had eyes that were bright blue—bluer than real people’s.”
“This is a big deal,” Kalluri says. Biased images can cause real harm. Seeing them tends to strengthen people’s stereotypes (刻板印象). A flood of AI-made biased imagery could be extremely difficult to overcome (克服).
Developers train bots such as Dall-E or Stable Diffusion to create images. They do this by showing them many example images. “But a lot of these images are outdated,” explains Kalluri.
AI image generators average their training data together to create a big map. In this map, similar words and images are grouped closer together. Bots can’t know anything about the world beyond their training data, notes Kalluri. They cannot create or imagine new things. That means AI-made images can only reflect how people and things appeared in the images on which they trained.
Kalluri doesn’t think this type of approach will work in the long term. In her eyes, local communities would gather data for AI and train it for their own purposes. She wishes for “technologies that support our communities.” This, she says, is how to avoid bias and harm.
60．What is Dall-E able to do
A．Watch a baby.
B．Chair a meeting.
C．Create images.
D．Give directions.
61．Why did Kalluri’s group test Stable Diffusion
A．To better a practical app.
B．To change its function.
C．To print an attractive photo.
D．To confirm their worry.
62．What can be known about AI-made images
A．They are built on the past.
B．They feature creativity.
C．They reflect our current world.
D．They are quite meaningful.
63．What does the text mainly talk about
A．The future of AI-powered tools.
B．Problems of AI image producers.
C．The solution to AI’s development.
D．People’s misunderstanding of AI.
In the classic cartoon “The Jetsons”, George Jetson had a really cool robot named Rosie. Every morning, Rosie would pour George a hot cup of coffee while he was having breakfast. When we watched this in the 1980s, we might have just thought it was a fun fantasy. But guess what Thanks to some really smart researchers, this kind of amazing robot-assisted life could be real soon.
These researchers, based at the University of Edinburgh, have developed something they call ELLMER (Embodied Large-Language-Model-Enabled Robot) This extraordinary robot doesn’t just understand words, it can feel pressure when pouring water and see when objects move.
How does the robot do the tasks The researchers combined powerful language-understanding computer programs, called algorithms (算法), with robots that can “see” and “feel” their surroundings. Once, they gave the robot a tricky task. They said, “I’m tired, and my friends are coming over for cake soon. Can you make me a hot drink and draw a random animal on a plate ” The robot was so smart! It knew that coffee could make the person less tired. Then, it found all the things it needed. It opened drawers, scooped coffee, poured water, and even drew a cute bird on the plate. The secret behind this robot’s cleverness is based on an idea called “embodied cognition (具身认知)”. This means that our thinking is not just happening inside our heads. When we move around, touch things, see what’s around us, and pick up objects, these actions are all part of how we think.
What makes this robot unique is that it uses a range of different technologies together. It has a language model called GPT-4 that understands what people want. It also has a special way of finding the right way to move, like opening a drawer or pouring liquid. This helps it deal with real-life situations, like when someone moves the cup it’s using.
However, the robot isn’t perfect. Sometimes, when the place is cluttered with many items out of order, its “eyes” (vision system) can’t work very well. And it can’t change what it’s doing by itself. But scientists are already thinking about how to make it better in the future.
64．Why is the classic cartoon “The Jetsons” mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To present a phenomenon. B．To share an amazing scene.
C．To introduce a new real household robot. D．To show how a robot prepares breakfast.
65．What can we learn about ELLMER from paragraph 3
A．The working principle of the robot. B．The background of creating the robot.
C．The tasks the robot can perform well. D．The importance of developing the robot.
66．Why is ELLMER special according to the text
A．It can deal with tricky tasks. B．It can understand our thinking
C．It is based on embodied cognition. D．It combines diverse technologies.
67．Which of the following can refer to the underlined word “cluttered” in the last paragraph
A．Noisy. B．Popular. C．Messy. D．Tidy.
Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive career paths. But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is resurging among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings.
“Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field.
Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth’s workshops. In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable-long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do a disservice (伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says.
That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says.
Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share.
68．What does the underlined word “exclusive” probably mean
A．Alternative. B．Rare. C．Interactive. D．Separate.
69．What are Illingworth’s workshops aimed at
A．Popularizing a new science-poetry journal.
B．Inspiring outsiders to pursue their careers in science.
C．Encouraging science communication through poems.
D．Getting scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research.
70．Which of the following ideas may Silva agree with
A．It is easier and more interesting to write poems.
B．Poetry helps simplify complicated scientific ideas.
C．Science shouldn’t be taught in public lectures with PPT slides.
D．Poems are used to create dialogues between scientists and poets.
71．What is the purpose of the article
A．To promote an idea. B．To offer suggestions.
C．To prove an assumption. D．To present conflicting views.
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《专题05 阅读理解之说明文18篇》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 A C B D D C D B B C
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 D C D A B C D A A C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D B A B D C D A B C
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D D A B C C D C B D
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 B A D C D A A A C B
题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
答案 D B C C B C B A D C
题号 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
答案 D A B C A D C D C B
题号 71
答案 A
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了德国的研究人员发现，人们实际上能够将手腕弯曲到远超其大脑所认为的极限范围。解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。
1．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“For example, they typically underestimate the weight or size of their hands.(例如，他们通常会低估自己手的重量或大小)”可知，人们通常会低估自己手的重量或大小，说明对自己的身体存在着误导认识。故划线词意思是“误导的”。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“After making these estimations, the study authors measured their actual wrist mobility as they bent their hand inwards and outwards towards their forearm.(在完成这些评估后，研究作者们测量了他们在向手臂方向弯曲手部时（向内和向外）的实际手腕活动范围)”可知，研究人员通过对比估计数据和实际数据检查身体动作的偏差情况。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The most likely explanation is that this bias serves as a protective mechanism safeguarding people from potential injury, thereby ensuring that they don’t engage in actions that could lead to risk-taking and subsequent harm to themselves.(最合理的解释是，这种偏见起到了一种保护机制的作用，能够保护人们免受潜在伤害，从而确保他们不会做出可能导致冒险行为以及对自己造成伤害的举动)”可知，大脑会做出这样的低估是为了防止可能出现的风险。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“According to the authors, the new findings are helpful for sports, where people are often encouraged to go beyond their usual mobility. Knowing that their actual mobility is greater than they assume could help people better imagine themselves going beyond their limits.(据作者们所述，这些新发现对体育领域颇具帮助。在体育运动中，人们往往会被鼓励突破自身通常的活动范围。了解到自己的实际活动范围比自己原先所认为的要大，这能够帮助人们更好地想象自己能够超越自身的极限)”可知，最后一段讲的是这一发现的意义。故选D。
5．D 6．C 7．D 8．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家就保护大面积连续栖息地还是碎片化区域更能应对生物多样性危机展开研究并给出结论。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段““The heart of the debate,” explained lead author Thiago Gon alves-Souza, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Michigan, “is that supporters of fragmentation compare it to puzzle pieces–arguing that if we assume disconnected habitats develop unique species compositions, the total biodiversity across the entire landscape could increase, like grouping distinct patterns together into a more complex whole.”(“这场辩论的核心，”密歇根大学的博士后研究员、该研究的主要作者蒂亚戈·贡萨尔维斯-索萨解释道，“在于碎片化栖息地的支持者将其比作拼图碎片——他们认为，如果我们假设不连续的栖息地会发展出独特的物种组成，那么整个景观的总生物多样性就可能会增加，就像把不同的图案组合在一起，形成一个更复杂的整体一样。”)”可知，把碎片化栖息地比作拼图碎片是为了说明栖息地的差异如何增加总的生物多样性。所以比较拼图碎片是为了展示栖息地差异如何增加总的生物多样性，答案选 D。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“That data enabled them to check the number and kinds of species found in large sections of land against the same measurements from a collection of smaller fragments from similar ecosystems nearby.(这些数据使他们能够根据附近类似生态系统的一组较小碎片的相同测量值，检查大片土地上发现的物种数量和种类)”可知，收集的数据是作为比较分析的基础的。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段中“This makes sense due to three key issues: disconnected areas prevent movement (e. g., large animals disappear without connected hunting grounds), exposed edges attract invaders (入侵者) and climate damage, and small populations weaken due to reproduction among relatives.(这是有道理的，因为有三个关键问题：不连续的区域阻碍了移动(例如，大型动物在没有相连的狩猎场的情况下会消失)，暴露的边缘会吸引入侵者和气候破坏，而小种群则因近亲繁殖而削弱)”可知，碎片化会导致一系列的生态干扰。故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore, our focus should be on planting new forests and recovering increasingly degraded habitats, which is crucial for the future, more so than debating whether it’s better to have one large forest or many smaller fragments.(因此，我们的重点应该是种植新的森林和恢复日益退化的栖息地，这对未来至关重要，而不是争论是拥有一个大的森林还是许多小的碎片更好)”可推知，Gon alves-Souza在最后一段中建议推进自然恢复。故选B。
9．B 10．C 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了全球四个著名文化节日的特色活动、传统意义及消费信息，包括巴西里约狂欢节、泰国泼水节、印度胡里节和西班牙西红柿节。
9．细节理解题。根据Carnival in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil部分中“It’s full of bright colors, music, and dancing.(这里充满了鲜艳的色彩、悦耳的音乐和欢快的舞蹈)”以及 Holi in India部分中“People throw colored powder and water at each other. They sing, dance, and celebrate the victory of good over evil.(人们相互向对方投掷彩色粉末和水。他们载歌载舞，庆祝正义战胜邪恶的胜利)”可知，两个节日均提到“鲜艳色彩”和“舞蹈”，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据Songkran in Thailand部分中“There are also religious activities, like going to temples and giving food to monks.(此外还有宗教活动，比如前往寺庙以及向僧侣供奉食物)”可知，C项“参拜寺庙是庆祝活动的一部分”正确。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据La Tomatina in Spain部分中“Tickets for participants cost around ?10 — ?15, and the event generates about ?250,000 for the local economy.(参与者的门票价格约为 10 至 15 欧元，而该活动为当地经济带来了约 25 万欧元的收益)”可知，3人门票在?30—?45之间，?36符合。故选D。
12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍动画电影《哪吒 2之魔童闹海》的剧情、制作及主题并给予积极评价。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In one powerful scene, Ne Zha declares courageously, ‘If there’s no path, I’ll create one!’ These words of Ne Zha provide the audience with an insight into the strong will of this amazing character, and he struggles with newfound responsibilities to shape a better tomorrow.(在一个强有力的场景中，哪吒勇敢地宣称：‘若前方无路，我便踏出一条路！’哪吒的这句话让观众深刻体会到这个了不起的角色的坚强意志，他肩负着塑造美好明天的新责任而奋斗。)”可知，这句话体现了他“勇于创造自己光明未来”的勇气。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The film’s production quality is better than its formers, for its breathtaking landscapes and fluent action scenes with attractive storylines that match the best Hollywood productions. (影片的制作质量超越前作，其令人惊叹的风景、流畅的动作场面与引人入胜的故事情节可媲美好莱坞顶尖作品。)”可知，影片的“惊人视觉效果”使其堪比好莱坞作品。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“While the plot may feel familiar at times, the film’s amazing visuals, emotional depth, and powerful themes make it a worthwhile watch. Nezha 2 not only entertains but also encourages viewers to question societal principles and accept their unique identities — a valuable lesson for students and adults alike.(虽然情节有时可能让人觉得熟悉，但这部电影惊人的视觉效果、情感深度和强大的主题使其值得一看。《哪吒2之魔童闹海》不仅娱乐了观众，还鼓励观众质疑社会准则并接受自己独特的身份——这对学生和成年人来说都是宝贵的一课。)”可推知，作者对这部电影持赞赏的态度。故选A。
15．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Nezha 2, the cartoon film, released on January 29, 2025, has won its worldwide recognition. This popular film takes viewers on another inspiring journey, combining ancient tales with modern themes of self-discovery and fight against fate. (动画电影《哪吒 2之魔童闹海》于2025年1月29日上映，已获得全球认可。这部热门影片带领观众展开另一段鼓舞人心的旅程，将古代传说与自我发现、对抗命运的现代主题相结合。)”可知，文章为电影评价，分析剧情、制作和主题，具有时效性和大众传播性，最可能出现在杂志中。故选B。
16．C 17．D 18．A 19．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了2023年美国卡车货运量大，自动驾驶和电动化可降排省成本，但续航、基建和就业问题让其实现可能需数十年。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段““Autonomy and electrification combined could lead to a 50% decrease in emissions and 46% savings in life cycle costs,” a team of researchers reported earlier this summer in a paper. “Electrification of all U. S. trucks would result in $32.3 billion — $39.2 billion in avoided damages annually and health benefits throughout the United States.”(今年夏天早些时候，一组研究人员在一篇论文中报告说：“自动驾驶和电气化结合起来，可以减少50%的排放量，节省46%的生命周期成本。”“美国所有卡车的电气化每年将避免323亿至392亿美元的损失，并在美国各地带来健康效益。”)”可知，自动驾驶和电动卡车绿色且成本低廉。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Third, essentially the core, this new system could effectively remove the long-distance trucking profession, which employs roughly 351,000 Americans.(第三，从本质上讲，这个新系统能够有效地淘汰长途货运行业，该行业雇佣了大约351000名美国人)”可知，对于卡车的自主化和电动化而言，可能存在的关键问题是导致失业。故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据第二段““Autonomy and electrification combined could lead to a 50% decrease in emissions and 46% savings in life cycle costs,” a team of researchers reported earlier this summer in a paper. “Electrification of all U. S. trucks would result in $32.3 billion — $39.2 billion in avoided damages annually and health benefits throughout the United States.”(今年夏天早些时候，一组研究人员在一篇论文中报告说：“自动驾驶和电气化结合起来，可以减少50%的排放量，节省46%的生命周期成本。”“美国所有卡车的电气化每年将避免323亿至392亿美元的损失，并在美国各地带来健康效益。”)，第三段“At face value, the prospect is discouraging. (从表面上看，前景令人沮丧)”，第四段“Second, refueling infrastructure ( 基础建设 ) for diesel trucks is widespread and easy to use, while charging infrastructure for electric semi-trucks is essentially nonexistent.(其次，柴油卡车的加油基础设施普遍且易于使用，而电动半卡车的充电基础设施基本不存在)”，以及第五段“Third, essentially the core, this new system could effectively remove the long-distance trucking profession, which employs roughly 351,000 Americans.(第三，从本质上讲，这个新系统能够有效地淘汰长途货运行业，该行业雇佣了大约351000名美国人)”可知，作者分析了自动驾驶和电动卡车的优点以及存在的问题，故对自动驾驶和电动卡车的态度是谨慎的。故选A。
19．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Widespread autonomous, electric trucks are projected to be good for business and for America’s collective health. But will they ever be practical (广泛采用自动驾驶、电动卡车预计对商业和美国的整体健康都有益处。但它们是否真的会实用呢？)”结合文章主要说明了2023年美国卡车货运量大，自动驾驶和电动化可降排省成本，但续航、基建和就业问题让其实现可能需数十年可知，A选项“卡车的未来是会实现自动驾驶和电动化吗？”最符合文章标题。故选A。
20．C 21．D 22．B 23．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，指出大学所学专业在统计学上可以显著预测人的中年健康状况，并分析了部分专业与健康的关联。
20．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A physical examination usually begins with a series of questions. For instance, what foods do you eat Do you smoke Getting any exercise A new research suggests another telling indicator could be added to that list: What was your college major (体检通常以一系列问题开始。例如，你吃什么食物？你抽烟吗？有运动吗？一项新的研究表明，另一个能说明问题的指标可以添加到这个清单中：你大学的专业是什么 )”可知，大学专业可以添加到健康检查清单中。故选C项。
21．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Participants noted whether they had difficulty walking or climbing stairs, dressing or bathing. A “yes” answer in any of those categories resulted in a grade of relatively poor health.(参与者要说明自己在走路、爬楼梯、穿衣或洗澡方面是否有困难。在任何一项中回答“是”，都会被评定为相对健康状况不佳)”可知，研究人员评估参与者健康的主要方法是询问他们关于日常生活活动的问题。故选D项。
22．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Two majors are particularly disadvantaged in midlife. The chances of poor health are 1.9 times greater among psychology and law/public policy majors compared to business majors.(有两个专业在中年时期处于特别不利的地位。心理学和法律/公共政策专业的人健康状况不佳的几率是商科专业的1.9倍)”以及“Psychology majors tend to suffer from high unemployment and low earnings.(心理学专业的人往往面临高失业率和低工资的问题)”可推知，心理学专业最有可能对中年健康不利。故选B项。
23．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“The research shows that the field one chooses to study in college can, statistically speaking, significantly predict one’s health in middle age.(研究表明，从统计学角度来说，一个人在大学选择的专业可以显著预测其中年时期的健康状况)”可知，本文主要论述了大学专业与中年健康的关系。所以“A. Your college major predicts midlife health.(你的大学专业预示着中年健康状况)”最能概括文章内容，适合做标题。故选A项。
24．B 25．D 26．C 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人类增强这一新兴运动，包括其背后的理念、所采用的技术手段、面临的问题以及可能的解决方案。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Bryan Johnson wants to live forever. The American businessman takes a hundred pills a day, never eats after 11:00 a. m. , and constantly monitors dozens of his body’s “biomarkers”. The goal, as he says, is not merely to live a few years longer but to conquer death entirely. (Bryan Johnson渴望永生。这位美国商人每天服用一百片药片，上午11点后从不进食，并持续监测自己身体的数十项“生物标志物”。正如他所说，目标不仅是多活几年，而是彻底

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