资源简介

(共26张PPT)
中考英语语法：状语语从句
时间状语从句
条件状语从句
让步状语从句
对比状语从句
原因状语从句
目的状语从句
方式状语从句
地点状语从句
结果状语从句
状语从句
时间状语从句
when, while, as
1) when表示时间点， 具有“时刻”概念；其从句谓语动词多为瞬间动词，终止动词。意为“当…时”
When he came in, I was writing.
He raised his hat when he saw her.
I will write when I have finished the book.
(当从句的动作发生于主句动作前，只能用when引导这个从句)
时间状语从句
when, while, as
注意：1. 有时，when引导的时间状语从句也可用 持续性谓语动词，此有“每当(whenever)”的意思。
Don’t be excited when you talk
2. When引导的时间状语从句还可采用进行时态， 但此时主句应用瞬间或终止动词，表示在某一行为持续期间的某一时刻发生另一动作。
When I was writing, he came in.
3. 也可表示“一段时间” （从句，主句中皆不采用
瞬间动词）
He liked to swim when he was young.
时间状语从句
when, while, as
2) while 表示时间线，具有（期间）概念；其从句动词必须是持续性动词，常用进行时态。主句动词则可持续或不可持续。意为“ 在……期间；趁着……”。
While he was reading, I was writing.(主句，从句皆为“持续”。不可用when)
时间状语从句
when, while, as
3）as 表示时间的“点”或“线”，兼有“时刻”和“期间”的概念；其从句动词多用持续性动词，但也可用瞬间或终止动词。主要用以表示两个同时发展，变化的事件，状态等，此时意为“随着”；也可表示两个同时发生的动作，状态或两个先后紧密衔接的动作，状态。
时间状语从句
when, while, as
As I grow older, I get more optimistic.
(同时的发展变化)
I looked at him as I passed him.
(两个同时发生的瞬间动作，可换用成when)
As I was going out, it began to rain.
(无内在联系的先后紧接的动作）
时间状语从句
till, until, not…until…
1）until 是的强调形式，但是它们表达的意义是相同的，都表示“直到某时”。不过， 当主句是否定句时，它的意思是“直到……才”，其结构为“not until…” “not…until…”，如果将“not until…” 的结构放在句首，主句需要倒装。
He didn’t go to sleep until 12 last night.
Not until 12 last night did he go to sleep.
时间状语从句
till, until, not…until…
2）当主句是肯定句时，till/until意思是“直到
（某时某动作停止了）”，在肯定句中可用
before代替.
The students made much noise till/before
the teacher came into the classroom.
时间状语从句
till, until, not…until…
until可放在句首 till则不行
F: Till they used up all their money, the young couple were very happy.
T: Until they used up all their money, the young couple were very happy.
时间状语从句
after, before, since
after “在……之后” before “在……之前”
当引出时间状语从句涉及过去完成时态时，应仔细区分主句和从句动作发生的先后，发生在前的用过去完成时态。
Before I finished my homework, I had finished my housework.
After I had finished my housework, I finished my homework.
时间状语从句
after, before, since
2) since “自……以来”。它引导时间状语从句时，主句常常使用完成时态。
I have been to Beijing several times since I graduated from college.
Since I came here, he has been watching TV.
时间状语从句
hardly/ scarcely; no sooner… than…; as soon as; once
“一……就”
I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
As soon as I got home, it began to rain.
Once I get there, I will start to do it as soon as possible.
时间状语从句
hardly/ scarcely; no sooner…than
如果置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。
Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than I began to rain.
条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有if, unless, as long as(只要）， provided/providing that （假如，倘若）, in case（万一）, only if（只要，只有）, if only（但愿）, as/so far as等。
条件状语从句
if (如果）
if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。
If you ask him, he will help you.
条件状语从句
unless（除非）
You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.
Unless it rains, the game will be played.
条件状语从句
if only(只要）
If only 表示愿望，多采用虚拟语气。此外还有“只要”的意思，但不如only if语气强烈。only if是“只有只要”的意思，与as long as基本相同。
If only she had had more courage.(与过去事实相反）
If only he didn’t drive so fast!（与现在事实相反）
If only it clears up, we’ll go.（只要）
You can do anything only if / as long as you dare.
让步状语从句
though, although
1）though, although表示“虽然”。在一般情况下可以互换使用。although比though正式，二者都可与yet, still或nevertheless连用，但不能与but连用。
Although / Though he was worn out, (still) he kept on working.
Although / Though he is very old, (yet) he is quite strong.
让步状语从句
as
2) as 引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语，状语或动词原形。
Object as you may, I’ll go.(=Though you may object, I’ll go)
Hard as he works, he is very old, (yet) he is quite strong.
让步状语从句
while
3) while 兼有对比含义，主句，从句同等重要。
While we don’t agree, we continue to be friends.
即便我们意见不一致，我们还是朋友。
让步状语从句
even if, even though
4) even if, even though意思基本相同，可以互换使用。
We’ll make a trip even if the weather is bad.
Even if he is poor, she loves him.
让步状语从句
whether…or…
5) whether…or…表示“不管是…还是…”，说明正反两个方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。
You’ll have to attend the ceremony whether you’re free or busy.
Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.
让步状语从句
no matter+疑问词；疑问词+ever
6) no matter+疑问词；疑问词+ever引导的从句的含义为“无论…都…”
No matter what happened, he would not mind.=Whatever happened, he would not mind.
注意： no matter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句，而疑问词+ever还可以引导名词性从句。
I’ll eat whatever .(whatever引导宾语从句）
Whoever comes will be welcome（ Whoever引导主语从句）
对比状语从句
as (so)…… as, than
He can walk as fast as she can run.
He can walk faster than she can run.
对比状语从句
as (so)…… as, than
注意：
1）引出的对比状语从句可以省略整个谓语部分，只保留主语。
She is as beautiful as her sister.
Kate eats less than Tom.
2) 引出的对比状语从句可以省略部分谓语，保留主语和be, have,
助动词和情态动词。
I have as many books as you have.
Tom studies much harder than John does.
3) 对比状语从句可以省略主语和谓语部分， 只保留修饰语
It’s cooler walking by night than by day.
It’s as warm there as in room.

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