资源简介

(共23张PPT)
（人教版九年级英语）二轮复习
被动语态
The Passive Voice
被动语态
二轮复习
一、命题趋势及所涉题型分析
二、近五年中考时态所涉考点分析
三、被动语态的基本结构
四、被动语态的基本用法
五、主动语态和被动语态的转换
六、被动语态的注意情况
七、中考链接以及跟踪练习
目录
contents
一、命题趋势及所涉题型分析
命题趋势解读：在历届中考中都会考查或涉及到被动语态，日照近几年的中考题中考查了情态动词的被动语态，一般过去时、现在完成时、一般将来时的被动语态。
涉及的题型：主要为单词拼写、语法填空、完形填空等。
备考要求：掌握被动语态的不同时态的基本结构，主动语态和被动语态的转换，以及各种特殊情况的灵活运用。
最重要的是动词过去分词的不规则变化表的掌握。
英语的语态
语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语与动词之间的关系。
主动
（active voice)
被动
( passive voice)
主语是动作的执行者
主语是动作的承受者
语态
We planted the trees.
主谓关系
The trees were planted by us.
动宾关系
注意：后面能接宾语的动词（及物动词）才有被动语态。
be done
负责时态变化，相当于助动词。
体现被动，过去分词恒定不变。
记忆口诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。
三、被动语态的基本结构
三、被动语态的结构
被动语态的结构为“be＋及物动词的过去分词（p．p）”。被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。其具体变化为：
一般现在时：am／is／are＋p．p．
一般过去时：was／were＋p．p．
一般将来时：will be ＋p．p．/ be going to be ＋p．p
现在完成时：have ／has been ＋p．p．
现在进行时：am／is／are＋being＋p．p．
含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词(can/ may/ must/ should...)＋be＋p．p．
强调动作的承受者（宾语）。
Many houses _______________ (destroy) in the
earthquake last year.
A new idea already ___________________(suggest)
by him.
没有必要指出（不知道）动作的执行者。
Do you know when the first train _______________
(produce) in China
were destroyed
has been suggested
was produced
四、被动语态的用法
He
主语
原宾语
The window
breaks
谓语
the window
宾语
is broken
by him
be + 过去分词
by+原主语的宾格
1.主动句的宾语变成被动句中的主语, 若宾语为人称代词, 应把宾格变主格.
2.主动句中谓语动词变成“be +过去分词” 但时态不变.
3.主动句中主语变成被动句中介词by的宾语（没有必要说出动作的执行者时可省）,若主语是人称代词, 主格变宾格。
五、主动语态和被动语态的转换
step1：主动语态中的宾语 被动语态的主语
Tom keeps a diary every day.
A diary
step2：谓语动词 be+过去分词，注意时态
A diary is kept
step3：主动语态中的主语 by+宾语, 置于谓语之后
A diary is kept by Tom
step4：其他成分不变
A diary is kept by Tom every day.
五、主动语态和被动语态的转换
六、被动语态—注意情况
1.系动词(如look, feel, sound, taste, become, turn, get, stay等) 的主动形式表示被动意义。
如: The food tastes delicious. 食物尝起来好吃。
2. 使役动词和感官动词(如make, let, have, see, watch, hear, feel, notice等)后接动词不定式作宾语补足语时省略了“to”，但变为被动句时则要还原上“to”。如：
The boss made us work ten hours a day.
→We were made to work ten hours a day (by the boss).
3. 带双宾语的动词(如give, pass, show, buy, borrow, make等) 的被动语态, 通常把间接宾语(人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(物)仍保留在谓语之后；有些则把指物的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语, 而间接宾语(指人)则要在其前面加相应的介词to或for。如：
My mother gave me a book.
→I was given a book (by my mother)．
→A book was given to me (by my mother)． 　 ．
六、被动语态—注意情况
七、中考真题链接
1.Children should be ___________ to make decisions by themselves.
2. Then an air ambulance helicopter arrived and the baby_________(take) to hospital.
3. Whoever breaks the law will be ___________.（惩罚）
4. The thief was_______ (抓获) stealing in the supermarket.
5. The restaurant offers different kinds of seafood, which _______(品尝)good.
6. Therefore, I tried to hitch a ride and I ______ (help)out once again.
7. My parents are s_________ with my progress in my lessons.
8. Breakfast is s________between 7 and 9 a.m. in the hotel.
punished
encouraged
caught
tastes
was helped
surprised
was taken
served
1. —There is a lot of wind in North China.
—Well, more trees ________ every year to stop the wind.
A．must be planted B．can plant
C．should planted D．must been planted
2. —Food safety is very important.
—So some rules__________ to stop people from polluting food.
A. must make B. must be made C. must made D. be made
3.—Must we clean the classroom now
—No，you________. It _____________ after school.
A. needn't ; must be cleaned B. mustn't; needn't be cleaned
C. needn't; can be cleaned D. don't have to; may clean
【其他中考链接】
A
B
C
中考链接
4.--I'm tired of cleaning the house.
--Sweeping robots____more and more widely today. Why not buy one
A. are used B. were used C. are using D. used
5.The classroom ________ (clean) by the students every day.
is cleaned
6.The 2022 Winter Olympic Games ______in China. I’m sure it will
be a great success.
A. hold B. will hold C. were held D. will be held
时间标志
A
D
7.---Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class
---Paper___ first ____about 2,000 years ago in China.
A. is; invented B. was; invented C. is; inventing D. was; inventing
8.—Have you finished your report on green life
—Not yet. I'll make it if I ___ another two days.
A. give B. am given
C. will give D. will be given
B
B
9.I have a new bike. It___to me as a birthday gift by my father.
A. gives B. gave C. was giving D. was given
10.The water ____ cool when I jumped into the pool for
morning exercise.
A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels
D
C
11.The old men and the children must __in our country.
A. looked after B. be taken good care C. take care of D. be looked after well
12.These rules are made ______ （protect) the disabled.
13.Children should___ to be honest from a young age.
A educate B be educated C punish D be punished
to protect
D
B
14. This stone bridge_________（build）over 800 years ago.
15. How can I become a successful person
Well，you should remember that success is never_________（achieve）by luck
16. No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all problems can be_________（solve）in the end.
17. 下周，我校将在运动日举行各种趣味活动。
A lot of fun games_________（hold）on the Sports Day in our school next week.
was built
achieved
solved
will be held
八、中考真题中涉及被动语态的句子。
（一）完形填空Mike avoided Ted’s shining eyes. What followed was a long ___12___, which was broken by the growling (咕噜声) of Ted’s stomach.
（二）阅读理解 A
Set up in 1970, it has been one of the most popular theatres in London that house some famous plays, one of which is Les Miserables that has been continuously performed there up to now. Inside there are 3 coffee bars.
Since 1765, it has been hosting different activities over the year and has been closed and reopened several times.
B
Jenny, a fifth-grader, is considered one of the most popular girls in her class. She is admired not just for her looks, but for her talent for dance.
As she was turned down by the boys in her class due to their lack (缺乏) of dance skills, Jenny began to feel hesitant (犹豫) about entering the competition.
C
Volunteers in Group One were asked to listen to an audiobook while volunteers in Group Two read a book of the same content (内容).
（三）词汇运用
（32）32. A new railway is being built b________ Rizhao and Qingdao.
（五）阅读表达
After graduation, he joined the army and was sent to Yong ’an Fire Station in Sanming City, Fujian.
To avoid infection (感染), some good skin (皮肤) was needed to put onto his body.
2025被动语态预测题
单词拼写
(1)Teenagers shouldn’t be a___________ to drive alone for they aren’t serious enough.
(2)Your dream should be s __________ to until it come true
(3)He was p________ for his good job by his teacher, which made his parents happy.
(4)The show was c_________ because of the bad weather.
(5)Mark was the only student that was c_______ to attend the meeting.
【答案】1.allowed 2.stuck 3.praised 4.canceled 5.chosen
阅读填空
Bicycling is certainly good for health. But it has also brought some problems. With all these added people on the road, bicycle safety has become a matter of real importance.
People should ride only on bicycle paths where they will not be badly 1._________(hurt). There are also a number of rules should 2._____________(follow) by riders, especially when riding on streets or highways. Bicyclists should never ride against the traffic ,nor should other people 3._________(carry) on their bicycles. They are also supposed to ride in single line on busy streets and to "walk bicycles across the busy intersections (交叉路口) .By following these rules, bicycle riders will not only stay healthy but also be safe.
In one recent year, the National Safety Council reported that 34 thousand bicycle riders 4.___________(hurt) in highway accidents. In that same year, another six hundred riders 5.__________(kill). Since the introduction of crash helmets (头盔) in 1980, the number of injuries (伤者) and deaths from bicycling accidents had gone down. Today, more and more riders realize the dangers of bicycling. They are wearing helmets and paying closer attention to cycling rules.
hurt
be followed
be carried
were sent
were killed
被动语态用法口诀
被动语态不难记，一变二套三注意。
主宾倒置 by 上， be过分词谓来当。
套用时态和形式，注意主谓要一致。
使役感观要记住，主动语态不用to,
被动语态to要补。
双宾改被动，介词要使用。
若要改直宾，be done 后面to/for跟。
Summary
22中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
The Passive Voice
被动语态知识梳理
A．熟记结构
被动语态的结构为“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词（p．p）”。被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。其具体变化为：
一般现在时：am／is／are＋p．p．
一般过去时：was／were＋p．p．
一般将来时：shall ／will be ＋p．p．
现在完成时：have ／has been ＋p．p．
现在进行时：am／is／are＋being＋p．p．
过去将来时：should ／would be ＋p．p．
含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词＋be＋p．p．
B．明确用法
什么情况下要用被动语态呢？一般地说，有下面几种情况：
1、不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。例如：
　 He was wounded in the fight. （他在战斗在受伤了。）
　 Electricity is used to run machines. （电是用来开动机器的。）
2、需要强调动作的对象时。例如：
　Calculator can't be used in the maths exam.（计算器不能用于数学考试。）
　He was awarded first prize in that contest.（他在比赛中获得了第一。）
3、为了使语气婉转，避免提到是谁做的这件事。例如：
　The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month.
（新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。） 　
C．了解转换
将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为：
①将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语；
②谓语动词变为“be＋及物动词的过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态；
③主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。（有时by短语可以省略）。
需要注意的问题
1.牢记有些动词(如happen，take place，belong to，cost，fit，arrive at/in，take part in，die，come，go，fall ，sell, write等不及物动词)没有被动语态。例如：
Great changes have taken place in China in the past 30 years.
（在过去30年里中国发生了巨大的变化）
The books sell well. 这些书很畅销。
The pen writes well.这钢笔很好写。
但是，sell 作及物动词时，有被动语态。
This book was sold by me yesterday. 这本书昨天被我卖了。
2.系动词(如look，feel，sound，taste，become，turn，get，stay等)的主动形式表示被动意义。
如：The food tastes delicious. 食物尝起来好吃。
3．使役动词和感官动词(如make，let，have，see，watch，hear，feel，notice等)后接动词不定式作宾语补足语时省略了“to”，但变为被动句时则要还原上“to”。如：
The boss made us work ten hours a day. →We were made to work ten hours a day (by the boss)．
4．带双宾语的动词(如give，pass，show，buy，borrow，make等)的被动语态，通常把间接宾语(人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(物)仍保留在谓语之后；有些则把指物的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，而间接宾语(指人)则要在其前面加相应的介词to或for。如：
My mother gave me a book. →I was given a book (by my mother)．
→A book was given _to me (by my mother)．
5．动词短语变为被动语态时，要把这些短语看成一个整体(相当于一个动词)，不能漏掉其中的介词或副词。如：
We should speak to _old people politely. →Old people should be spoken to politely (by us)．
The nurses look after the patients well. →The patients are looked after well (by the nurses).
E、被动语态易考句型：
1．be covered with被……覆盖
2．be made of由……制作（发生物理变化）be made from由……制作（发生化学变化）
be made in由（某地）制造 be made by被（某人）制造
3．be used for被用来…… be used as被当作（作为）……来使用
be used to do sth．被用来做某事
4．It is said that．．．据说……It is hoped that．．．希望……It is well known that．．．众所周知……
二、中考真题链接
1. Children should be _________（鼓励）to make decisions by themselves.
2. Anyone who breaks the law will be ___________（惩罚）
3. Around the world , 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.
A. is created B. was created C. creates D. has created
4. Whoever breaks the law will be ___________(惩罚)
5. Therefore, I tried to hitch a ride and I was______(help)out once again.
6. My parents are s_________ with my progress in my lessons.
7. Breakfast is s________between 7 and 9 a.m. in the hotel.
8. The thief was __________（抓获）stealing in the supermarket .
9. ---I'm tired of cleaning the house.
---Sweeping robots ____more and more widely today. Why not buy one
A. are used B. were used C. are using D. used
10. ---Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class
---Paper___ first ____about 2,000 years ago in China.
A. is; invented B. was; invented C. is; inventing D. was; inventing
11. —Have you finished your report on green life
—Not yet. I'll make it if I ___ another two days.
A. give B. am given C. will give D. will be given
12 . I have a new bike. It ___to me as a birthday gift by my father.
A. gives B. gave C. was giving D. was given
13. The water ____ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D . feels
14. The old men and the children must __in our country.
A. looked after B. be taken good care C. take care of D. be looked after well
15. —Where is Nancy at the moment
—She _____in the classroom just now. She must be there.
A .heard to sing B. was heard to sing
C. was heard sing D. heard sing
16. These machines_______ in their factory by themselves last year.
A. make B. mad C. are made D. were made
17. It’s reported that the medals for the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo _____　from 100% recycled material.
A. are making B. have made C. is made D. will be made
18. The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to people in disasters around the world since it _________18 years ago.
A. set up B. is set up C. was set up D. will be set up
19. A baby's first month birthday is a special event in China and ______with a special party.
A. is celebrated B. is celebrating C. was celebrated D. celebrates
20. This stone bridge_________（build）over 800 years ago.
21.How can I become a successful person
Well，you should remember that success is never_________（achieve）by luck
22.No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all problems can be_________（solve）in the end.
23.下周，我校将在运动日举行各种趣味活动。
A lot of fun games_________（hold）on the Sports Day in our school next week.
三、2024中考真题中涉及被动语态的句子。
（一）完形填空Mike avoided Ted’s shining eyes. What followed was a long ___12___, which was broken by the growling (咕噜声) of Ted’s stomach.
（二）阅读理解 A
Set up in 1970, it has been one of the most popular theatres in London that house some famous plays, one of which is Les Miserables that has been continuously performed there up to now. Inside there are 3 coffee bars.
Since 1765, it has been hosting different activities over the year and has been closed and reopened several times.
B
Jenny, a fifth-grader, is considered one of the most popular girls in her class. She is admired not just for her looks, but for her talent for dance.
As she was turned down by the boys in her class due to their lack (缺乏) of dance skills, Jenny began to feel hesitant (犹豫) about entering the competition.
C
Volunteers in Group One were asked to listen to an audiobook while volunteers in Group Two read a book of the same content (内容).
（三）词汇运用
（32）32. A new railway is being built b________ Rizhao and Qingdao.
（五）阅读表达
After graduation, he joined the army and was sent to Yong ’an Fire Station in Sanming City, Fujian.
To avoid infection (感染), some good skin (皮肤) was needed to put onto his body.
四、2025被动语态预测题
单词拼写
Teenagers shouldn’t be a___________ to drive alone for they aren’t serious enough.
Your dream should be s __________ to until it come true
He was p________ for his good job by his teacher, which made his parents happy.
The show was c_________ because of the bad weather.
Mark was the only student that was c_______ to attend the meeting.
【答案】1.allowed 2.stuck 3.praised 4.canceled 5.chosen
2、完形填空
Mr. Jackson was our science teacher. On the first day of class, he gave us a talk about an animal called wampus. He told us that the wampus lived on earth millions of years ago during the Ice Age and died out because of the change of climate (气候). We all listened carefully and took ___1___of everything he said. Later we had a ___2___.
When the exam paper was ___3__ to me, I was surprised and sad. There was a big red "X" through each of my answers. I failed. But how come ___4__ on the test paper, I had written down ___5___ Mr. Jackson said in class.
Then I realized that no one ___6___ the exam at all. What had happened
"Very simple," Mr. Jackson explained. "I had made up all that story about the wampus. There had never been any such animal, so the information in your notes was not correct. Do you expect to get ___7__ marks for incorrect answers "
There was no need to say we were ___8___ . What kind of test was this What kind of teacher was he
How could we believe he gave us so much information about an animal that had not been there at all How was it possible ___9___ us students to doubt what the teacher taught us
"The zeros on your papers will be ___10__ in your grade books," he said. And he did it.
Through this ___11__ , Mr. Jackson hoped that we would learn something. Teachers and books are not always ___12___ . In fact, no one is. He told us not to let our mind go to sleep. Instead, we should keep thinking all the time and speak up if we think there are ___13___ in our teachers' words or in books.
We should ___14___ the habit of doubting, and the ability to decide by ourselves. What a special ___15___ he gave us!
1. A. books B. notes C. supports D. messages
2. A. discussion B. question C. test D. plan
3. A. returned B. directed C. added D. compared
4. A. Anyway B. Luckily C. Anywhere D. Bravely
5. A. when B. whether C. why D. what
6. A. refused B. pushed C. passed D. praised
7. A. useful B. high C. exact D. low
8. A. polite B. glad C. modern D. angry
9. A. with B. over C. for D. of
10. A. recorded B. described C. collected D. circled
11. A. experience B. notice C. introduction D. progress
12. A. interesting B. right C. active D. silent
13. A. decisions B. reasons C. points D. mistakes
14. A. repeat B. risk C. develop D. move
15. A. report B. promise C. model D. lesson
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D
4、阅读填空
　　If you pay a visit to Liu Hasheng's restaurant in Harbin, you will find 18 robots there. They are ready to serve you and make sure that your dining experience is perfect. After the visit, you can tell others that robots _1_ (serve)customers isn't a dream any more.
It's wonderful to see　2　the 18 robots work in the restaurant. The wonder 　3　(start)when you walk in.You'll see a robot come up and say, “Earth person ,hello! Welcome to the Robot Restaurant.”When you have ordered your meal, the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking. After the food is 　4　(prepare), a robot waiter will glide(滑行)out of the kitchen to serve you with the meal you've ___5__(order).And as customers enjoy their delicious food, a robot sings lovely songs for them.
You may ask,“ Where did all these robots come from ”Liu said they were designed(设计)and 　6　(make) by the Harbin Haohai Robot Company. Liu said he invested(投资)5 million yuan in the restaurant, with each robot __7__(cost）200,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan. And the whole robot team is __8__(manage) by the workers in the computer room.
After a busy day, all the robots will go for a ‘meal’, which is electricity .After 5 hours, the robots can continue their work for a day. The restaurant now provides a menu __9__more than 30 dishes(菜肴), and the average(平均)cost for a dinner is about 40 to 50 yuan. Do you want to go and have __10__ try in this restaurant
【答案】1.serving 2.how 3.starts 4.prepared 5.ordered 6.made 7.costing 8.managed 9.with 10.a
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