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(共42张PPT)
现在完成时
Present perfect
Have you seen the film Nezha 2
时长：35s
对比以下两个句子
I saw this film on the first day of the New Year.
我在大年初一看了哪吒。
I have seen this film.
我已经看了哪吒。
（强调我大年初一做了什么）
（强调我看过哪吒知道剧情）
尝试翻译这个句子：
哪吒2已经刷新了中国票房记录。
Nezha 2 has smashed the box office record of China.
这个句子有着什么样的时间和状态呢？
have been to vs have gone to
4
什么是现在完成时？
1
延续动词 vs 非延续动词
5
现在完成时的标志词
2
现在完成时 vs 一般过去时
6
动词的完成时态
3
巩固练习
7
CONTENT
什么是
现在完成时？
01
表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；
现在完成时 | 定义：什么是现在完成时？
Past
Present
Future
哪吒和敖丙在相互理解后成为了好朋友。
Nezha and Aobing have become good friends since they understood each other.
（现在已经是好朋友了)）
现在完成时 | 定义：什么是现在完成时？
Past
Present
Future
目前为止，哪吒2已经取得153亿票房了
表示过去已经开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
Nezha 2 has taken 15.3 billion so far.
（从上映到现在还要持续））
现在完成时 | 句型结构 – 肯定句
I
have
seen this film.
She
has
seen this film.
主语
have / has
过去分词
其它
注意：当主语是第三人称单数时用has，其余人称用have
hasn’t
haven’t
主语
现在完成时 | 句型结构 – 否定句
haven’t / hasn’t
过去分词
其它
She
has not
seen this film.
has
seen this film.
She
have not
seen this film.
I
have
seen this film.
I
you
Have
realized your dream.
I
have
seen this film.
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have / has.
现在完成时 | 句型结构 – 疑问句
- Yes, I have.
- No, I haven’t.
主语
have / has
过去分词
其它
否定回答：No, 主语 + haven’t / hasn’t.
当陈述句的主语是第一人称时，变疑问句要改为第二人称
1. She has read Sherlock Holmes.（改为否定句）
She _______________ Sherlock Holmes____.
现在完成时 | 练一练
hasn’t
read
yet
Have you bought lots of books about English learning
--Yes, I have.
--No, I haven’t.
肯定句：
疑问句：
2. 我买了很多英语学习的书。（翻译）
I have bought lots of books about English learning.
回答：
现在完成时的
标志词
02
标志词 含义
标志词 含义
现在完成时 | 标志词
already/ yet
已经
ever
曾经
just
刚刚
recently
最近
for+时间段
长达…
since+时间点
自从…到现在
so far
up to now
到目前为止
already 常用于 ；yet 常用于 或 。
标志词 | 易错易混点 – already & yet
already 和 yet 的区别（观察并得出结论）
1. I have already been a good English learner.
2. I have been a good English learner already.
3. Mike hasn’t finished his homework yet.
4. Has Mike finished his homework yet
肯定句
疑问句
否定句
The rain has stopped ______. Let’s go out and play!
A. already B. ever C. yet D. before
A
二. for 和 since 的运用（观察并得出结论）
1.You have studied English for 6 years.
2.You have studied English since 2009.
3.You have studied English since 6 years ago.
4.You have studied English since you were very young.
标志词 | 易错易混点 – for & since
for + ____________
时间段
since + ____________
since + ________ + ______
since + __________________
时间点
时间段
ago
一般过去时的句子
1.I have studied English ________ I was four.
2.His father has been in the factory _______ 10 years ago.
3.I have lived here _________ five years.
4. Mr Green has worked here ______ he came to China.
5. His grandparents have been dead _________ several years.
6. It’s five years ________ we met last time.
标志词 | 练一练，用for和since填空
since
since
for
since
since
for
动词的完成时态
03
构成规则
原型
过去分词
动词的完成时 | 过去分词的规则变化
3. 重读闭音节结尾
双写辅音 ed
直接 ed
4.辅音+y结尾
变y为 i ed
2. e结尾 d
stop
work
study
hope
stopped
worked
studied
hoped
AAA型
put-put-put
cost-cost-cost
set-set-set
hit-hit-hit
动词的完成时 | 过去分词的不规则变化
ABB型
find-found-found
buy-bought-bought
stand-stood-stood
catch-caught-caught
ABC型
take-took-taken
fly-flew-flown
write-wrote-written
break-broke-broken
ABA型
become-became-become
run-ran-run
come-came-come
cleaned
eaten
had
studied
gone
come
chatted
read
clean
eat
have
study
go
come
chat
read
动词的完成时 | 写出动词的过去分词
visited
been
done
bought
begun
put
given
kept
visit
be
do
buy
begin
put
give
keep
动词的完成时 | 写出动词的过去分词
have been to
VS
have gone to
04
have / has been to | 去过某地-去而已归
去而已归
have / has been to
哪吒去过玉虚宫。
Nezha has been to the Yuxu Palace.
have / has been to + 次数，表示去过某地几次
他们去过北京3次了。
They have been to Beijing three times.
去而未归
have / has gone to
待在某地
have / has been in
have / has gone to | 去了某地-去而未归
去而已归
have / has been to
敖丙去东海了（说话前一直没回来）。
Aobing has gone to the East Sea.
去而未归
have / has gone to
待在某地
have / has been in
have / has been in | 待在某地
去而已归
have / has been to
去而未归
have / has gone to
待在某地
have / has been in
表示在某地待了多长时间
常与表示一段时间的状语连用。
Shiji has been in the mountains for many years.
石矶已经在山里生活很多年了。
练一练 | 填空
My parents _______________ the Great Wall twice.
________you ever_________Xiamen
3. How long ______ Peter _________the park
4. My sister _____________ the shop. She will be back in two hours.
5. She _____________ Shanghai. She isn’t here.
6. She _____________ Shanghai for two years.
have been to
Have
been to
has
been in
has gone to
has gone to
has been in
have been to
have been in
have been in
延续性动词
VS
非延续性动词
05
延续性动词
又称：持续性动词
表示：能够延续的动作
这种动作可以长时间延续下去
或产生持久的影响
study, work, stand, lie, know…
延续性动词 & 非延续性动词
英语动词，按其动作发生的方式以及动作发生过程的长短，可分为：
非延续性动词
begin, buy, close, come, die…
又称：终止性动词/短暂性动词/瞬间动词
表示：不能延续的动作
这种动作发生后立即结束
非延续性动词不能与时间段连用
可以和表一段时间的时间状语连用
for + 一段时间
since + 过去的时间点
since + 时间点 + ago
……
延续性动词
非延续性动词
只可以和时间点连用
yesterday
two years ago
at 5 o’clock
……
与时间段连用的
非延续性动词需要转换为
延续性动词
如果非延续动词在完成时中
跟时间段连用怎么办？
非延续性动词→延续性动词
Nezha has left home.
Nezha has left home for 3 days（×）
Nezha has been away from home for 3 days.（√）
巧记非延续性→延续性
瞬间动词 持续形式 瞬间动词 持续形式
begin be on return be back
leave be away from join be in
go be off die be dead
borrow keep buy have
come be here arrive be here
“开始 离 去 借 来 还，出生 入 死 买 到家”
He ________________ for 10 years.
His grandpa ______________ for 2 years.
has been dead
练一练
1. 他爷爷已经去世两年了。
I __________ the book for two weeks.
2. 这本书我已经借了两周了。
have kept
My parents __________ this house for five years.
3. 我的父母买了这个房子已经五年了。
have had
4. He died 10 years ago.
has been dead
练一练
5. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.
He ___________the book for 2 weeks.
6. He bought the motorbike a month ago.
He ___________the motorbike for a month.
7. He arrived here three days ago.
He___________here since three days ago.
8. The film began 30 minutes ago.
The film ____________ for 30 minutes.
has kept
has had
has been
has been on
现在完成时
VS一般过去时
06
现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，
强调现在的情况（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等） 。
Past
Present
Future
现在完成时 vs 一般过去时
一般过去时单纯叙述过去的动作或事情，强调动作，与现在无关
I saw Nezha 2 last night. （强调看的动作发生过了。）
Past
Present
Future
I have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响,我知道电影的剧情。）
过去某一特定时间，只能用一般过去时：
当句中有表示过去某一特定时间的状语时
不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时
Mike has played tennis yesterday (×)
Mike played tennis yesterday . (√)
Yesterday (昨天)
the day before yesterday (前天)
just now (刚才)
时间+ ago（….前）
last +时间
常与一般过去时连用的时间状语
巩固练习
07
巩固练习Ⅰ选择题
The house is dirty. We _______it for weeks.
A. didn’t clean B.hadn’t cleaned C. don’t clean D. haven’t cleaned
4. You don’t need to describe her. I _______ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
2. --______the sports meeting might be put off.
--Yes, it all depends on the weather.
A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told C. I’m told D. I told
3. -- I’m sorry to keep you waiting.
--Oh, not at all. I _____here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
D
A
A
B
巩固练习Ⅰ选择题
5. --Will you go to Beijing for vacation
--I _______ to go , but I don’t know if I can go .
A. was planning B. have planned C. had been planning
6. So far ,we _______ 200 English words .
A. have studied B. has studied C. have study
7. --Where’s your father --He _______ Beijing.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in
8. --Has he finished his homework --No, he hasn’t finished it _____.
A. already B. yet C. so far
A
B
B
B
She ____________(make) a lot of friends here so far.
Her parents _________________(not write) to her since they left.
It is five years since he _________(join) the Party.
John __________ (borrow) this book for a month.
He ______just ______(come) back from the city .
Someone ______________(call) you just now .
has made
haven’t written
joined
has kept
has
come
called
巩固练习 Ⅱ 填空题
Thank you

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