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Unit 2 Home Sweet Home
Section A 单词短语知识详解
1 pack /p k/ v. 打包;收拾(教材P12)
归纳拓展
pack 既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词,意为“打包;收拾”。常见短语:pack up 打包;pack off 把……打发走。
pack 还可作名词,意为“纸包;纸袋”,是可数名词。a pack of 一包。
I need to pack my bag for school.我需要把书包收拾好去上学。
Please pack your toys before bedtime.请在睡觉前把你的玩具收拾好。
She packed up her clothes and left the room.她收拾好衣服离开了房间。
My parents always pack me off to bed early.我父母总是早早就打发我上床。
Only put in the pack what is needed for that day.只把当天需要的东西放在包里。
学会运用1: Let’s p our suitcases tonight so we can set off early in the morning.
学会运用2: 该收拾东西回家了。
It’s time to _________ _________ and go home.
2 sort /s t/ v. 把……分类;整理 n. 种类(教材P12)
归纳拓展
sort 作动词,意为“把……分类;整理”。常用搭配:
sort out 整理 sort the rubbish 垃圾分类
sort 作名词,意为“种类”,后跟介词of。常用搭配:
the sort of sb./ sth. 某种人/物
all sorts of 各种各样的
My mom always sorts the clothes before washing them. 我妈妈在洗衣服前总是把衣服分类。
I need to sort out my desk before doing homework.做作业前我需要整理一下我的书桌。
There are all sorts of animals in the zoo.动物园里有各种各样的动物。
What sort of fruit do you like best 你最喜欢哪种水果?
学会运用3: The teacher asked us __________(把……分类) the apples by size.
学会运用4: There are different __________ (sort) of flowers in the garden.
学会运用5:上学前我得整理一下我的背包。
I have to __________ __________ my backpack before the school starts.
3 invite / n'va t/ v. 邀请 (教材P12)
归纳拓展
invite 作及物动词,意为“邀请”。其基本用法如下:
invite sb. to... 邀请某人去……
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
invite 的名词形式为invitation,意为“请柬;邀请”。常用搭配: an/the invitation to... ……的请柬
get/receive an invitation 收到邀请
He invited me to dinner yesterday.昨天他邀请了我去吃晚饭。
I should invite them to join us. 我应该邀请他们加入我们。
I found an invitation to the concert in my mailbox.我在信箱里找到了一张音乐会的请柬。
Tom is excited to get/ receive the invitation to the museum exhibition. 汤姆很激动收到博物馆展览的邀请。
学会运用6: Our headmaster will invite a scientist _______ us a speech on space technology.
A. give B. given C. giving D. to give
学会运用7: Let’s i Kate over for dinner tomorrow.
学会运用8:上周末玛丽邀请我和她一起爬山。
Mary ________ ________ ________ ________ the hill with her last weekend.
4 arrival / 'ra vl/ n. 到达(教材P13)
归纳拓展
arrival n. 意为“到达”,其动词形式为arrive。
arrive 作不及物动词,意为“到达”,后跟宾语时要加介词in或at。arrive in 后跟大地点(国家、城市等);arrive at 后接小地点(学校、酒店、车站等)。
The children were waiting eagerly for the arrival of the ice cream truck. 孩子们急切地等着冰激凌车的到来。
The train arrived on time. 火车准时到达。
My favourite writer will arrive in Beijing soon.我最喜欢的作家很快就到北京了。
They arrived at the party late. 他们晚会到得很晚。
学会运用9: The ___________ (arrive) of the new teacher made everyone excited.
学会运用10: 我们在机场兴奋地迎接爷爷奶奶的到来。
We were excited to welcome ________ ________ ________ our grandparents at the airport.
5 yet /jet/ adv. (用于否定句和疑问句)还 conj. 但是(教材P13 )
归纳拓展
yet 作副词,谈论尚未发生但可能发生的事。常用于否定句(意为“还;仍然”)或疑问句(意为“已经”)。
yet 还可作连词,意为“但是”。
I haven’t finished my homework yet.我还没有完成作业。
Is everything ready yet 一切都准备好了吗?
I want to go out. Yet it’s raining.我想出去玩,但是下雨了。
I have already finished my homework.我已经完成我的作业了。
Supper is already ready. 晚餐已经准备好了。
yet 多用于现在完成时的否定句或疑问句中,yet 通常位于句尾。
already 可以用在现在完成时或一般现在时的肯定句中,already 一般位于助动词或be 动词之后,行为动词之前,还可以位于句尾。
学会运用11: She looks tired, y she keeps working.
学会运用12: -Jane, it’s time to go home. Have you finished your work ______
-Yes, I’ve______ finished it. It’s so easy.
A. already; yet B. yet; already C. yet; yet D. since; already
学会运用13: 她还没从学校回来。
She ________ come back from school ________.
6 add / d/ v. 添加;加 (教材P14)
归纳拓展
add v. 意为“添加;加”。常构成短语:
add sth. to sth. 把某物加入某物
add to 使(数量) 增加;使(规模)扩大
add up to 总共是;总计为
add 作动词,还可意为“补充说”。
Remember to add some honey.记得加入一些蜂蜜。
If you add five to six, you will get eleven.5 加6 等于11。
The TV adds to our happiness. 电视给我们增添了快乐。
All of these add up to 20. 所有这些加起来是20。
“You can come here a little earlier,” he added.“你可以更早一点来这儿,”他补充道。
学会运用14: Before you mix up all the ingredients(原料), don’t forget to ________ some honey to them.
A. cut B. add C. make D. cook
学会运用15: 我的玩具总共花了50 美元。
The cost of my toys ________ ________ ________ $50.
学会运用16: 妈妈打算在沙拉里加一些蔬菜。
Mom is going to ________________________________.
7 borrow /'b r / v. 借(教材P14)
辨析: borrow, lend 与keep
borrow 意为“借”,指主语从别人处“借入”东西自己使用。borrow sth. from sb. / sp. 从某人/ 某处借来某物
lend (lent, lent) 意为“借出;借给”,指主语把自己的东西“借出”给别人使用。lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人
keep 本意是“保留;保存”,引申为“长时间的借用”,属于延续性动词,可以和时间段以及how long搭配。
一语辨异
Peter borrowed a book from the library and he lent it to me. He said that I could keep it for a month. 彼得从图书馆里借了一本书,他把书借给了我。他说我可以借用一个月。
I borrowed some money from a friend.我向一个朋友借了些钱。
Can you lend me five pounds 你可以借给我五英镑吗?
-How long can I keep the books 这些书我可以借多长时间?-For two weeks. 两周。
学会运用17: -Can I _____ Robinson Crusoe, Mrs Zhao
-Sure, it’s very interesting, but you can only _____ it for two weeks.
A. borrow; lend B. lend; borrow
C. borrow; keep D. lend; keep
学会运用18: They _________ (借) all kinds of magazines from the library every Tuesday.
学会运用19: I borrowed an English book from my classmate. (改为同义句)
My classmate ________ an English book _________ me.
学会运用20: 我通常从学校图书馆借一些书。
I usually ________ some books _______ our school library.
8 plan /pl n/ v. 策划;打算 n. 计划;方案(教材14)
归纳拓展
plan v. 意为“策划;打算”。plan to do sth. 计划/打算做某事。
plan 的过去式和动词-ing 形式均需要双写n,即planned和planning。
plan 作名词,意为“计划;方案”,是可数名词,可以与介词for连用,后接计划的对象。make a plan for 为……制订计划。
We plan to go to the park tomorrow.我们打算明天去公园。
My son plans to go bike riding with me.我儿子打算和我一起去骑自行车兜风。
Do you have any plans for tonight 你今晚有什么计划吗?
I made a plan for the coming holiday.我为即将到来的假期做了一个计划。
学会运用21: -What is your plan for the weekend
-I plan ________ (read) the book Red Star Over China(《红星照耀中国》).
学会运用22: It’s reported that China plans ________ astronauts to the moon before 2030.
A. send B. sending C. to send D. sent
学会运用23: 这周日我打算和父母去购物。(翻译句子)
___________________________________________
9 treasure /'tre (r)/ n. 宝物;财富v. 珍视(教材P14)
归纳拓展
treasure 作名词,意为“珠宝;财富”,是不可数名词。
treasure 还可作可数名词,意为“极贵重的物品;珍品;珍宝”。
treasure 作动词,意为“珍视”。
其形容词形式为treasurable,意为“值得珍藏的;宝贵的”。
They were going to remove the treasure.他们打算转移宝物。
The lost painting was considered a national treasure.那幅遗失的画作被视为国宝。
I treasure the letters my friend sent me from abroad.我珍视我朋友从国外寄给我的信。
The old book my grandfather gave me is a treasurable item.
爷爷送给我的那本旧书是一件珍贵的东西。
学会运用24: In the story, the children discovered the hidden t in the garden.
学会运用25: 这个盒子是我的宝贝,请不要把它扔了。
______________________, so please don’t throw it away.
10 hunt /h nt/ n. 搜寻;狩猎v. 搜寻;打猎(教材P14)
归纳拓展
hunt 作可数名词,意为“搜寻;狩猎”。go on a treasure hunt 进行寻宝活动;on the hunt for... 积极搜寻……。
hunt 还可作动词,意为“搜寻;打猎”。hunt for... 猎取/ 寻找……;hunt through 翻找。
hunter 名词,意为“猎人”。
We went on a treasure hunt in the park.我们在公园里玩了寻宝游戏。
They went hunting for rabbits in the fields.他们去田野里打猎兔子。
She hunted through the drawers for her missing scarf.她翻抽屉寻找丢失的围巾。
The hunters set out to hunt at dawn.猎人们在天亮时出发狩猎。
学会运用26: The scientists are on the h for a cure for the disease.
学会运用27: The _________ (hunt) is following the fox in the forest.
学会运用28: 安迪认为和他的朋友一起去寻宝很有趣。
Andy thought that it was great fun to __________________ with his friends.
学会运用29: 我正在搜寻那个宝物。
I’m _________ _________ the treasure.
11 lift /l ft/ n. 搭便车;电梯 v. 举起;抬起(教材P14)
归纳拓展
lift 作名词的一词多义:
(1)搭便车→ give sb. a lift(= give sb. a ride)开车顺便送某人→ give sb. a lift to...捎某人一程去……;让某人搭便车去……
(2)电梯 → take the lift 乘电梯
lift 还可作动词,意为“举起;抬起”。强调用体力或机械力把某物或某人举到一定的高度。lift up 意为“举起”,为动副结构短语,代词作其宾语时,要放在lift 与up 之间。
Can you give me a lift to school today 今天你能捎我去学校吗?
There is a lift to all floors. 有电梯通往各层。
I always take the lift to my apartment.我总是乘电梯去我的公寓。
He lifted the box with ease. 他轻松地举起了箱子。
学会运用30: His office is at the top of the tall building. You should take a l to the thirtieth floor.
学会运用31: If you’re going that way, can you ________ ________ ________ ________ (捎我一程)
学会运用32: 我的自行车坏了。你能载我一程吗?
My bike is broken. Could you ________ ________ ________ ________
12 until / n't l/ prep. 到……时;直到……为止(教材P15)
归纳拓展
until 作介词,后接名词、代词或动名词。
until还可用作连词,意为“到……时;直到……为止”,后接从句。
常见用法:
(1) 主句为肯定句时,表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时,意为“直到……为止”,主句的谓语动词用延续性动词,如stay,live。
(2)主句为否定句时,表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才发生,常构成not...until 结构,意为“直到……才”,主句的谓语动词用短暂性动词,如go,come,leave。
I waited until three o’clock. 我一直等到三点钟。
The noise didn’t stop until midnight.噪音一直持续到午夜才停止。
He lived with his parents until he got married.他与父母住在一起直到结婚。
I will continue working until the project is completed.我会一直工作直到项目完成。
学会运用33: It’s raining heavily now, so we have to wait u the rain stops.
学会运用34: You will never truly understand your parents’ great love ______ you grow up.
A. until B. if C. since D. as
学会运用35: 她直到电话响第二声才接。(翻译句子)
____________________________________________
13 dead /ded/ adj. 不运行的;死的(教材P15)
归纳拓展
dead adj. 意为“不运行的;死的”,在句中作定语或表语。the dead 死者。
反义词为alive,意为“活着”。
The battery in my toy car is dead. 我的玩具车电池没电了。
The tree in our yard is dead. 我们院子里的那棵树死了。
It doesn’t look like a dead fox.它看起来不像一只死狐狸。
He was born in 1847 and died in 1913.
他生于1847 年,逝于1913 年。
I heard of his death when I got to his house.
我到他家时得知了他的死讯。
辨析: dead, die, death 与dying
dead 形容词,强调的是“死”的状态,意为“死的;无生命的”。
die 不及物动词,强调的是“死”的动作,意为“死;去世”,一般指因生病、负伤等原因死去。
death 抽象名词,意为“死;死亡”,通常作不可数名词。
dying 形容词,表示“垂死的;临死的”,只用于名词前作定语。the dying 临终者
一语辨异
The soldier was dying, and after he died, his death became a symbol of bravery, even though he is now dead. 这位士兵奄奄一息,在他去世后,他的逝世成为了勇敢的象征,尽管他现在已离世。
温馨提示
die 是非延续性动词,不能和表示时间段的状语搭配。若表示“死了多长时间”,要用延续性形式be dead。
学会运用36: My phone is d because I forgot to charge it last night.
学会运用37: The old tree in our park _________ (die) last winter.
学会运用38: 电话没电了,我们无法打给任何人。
The phone _________ _________. We can’t call anyone.
14 note /n t/ n. 笔记;记录;便条v. 注意;指出(教材P15)
归纳拓展
note 作名词,意为“笔记;记录;便条”。指“(听讲或读书等时的)笔记,记录”时,通常用复数形式notes。常用搭配:
make/ take notes/ a note 记笔记
make a note of sth. 记录某事;对某事做笔记
归纳拓展
note 作动词,意为“注意;指出”。其后跟名词、代词或that 从句。
note down 记录;记下
note 作名词时,还可意为“注释;纸币”。
notes on the text 课文注释
a five-pound note 一张5 英镑的纸币
Then talk with your partner and take notes.
然后和你的搭档谈谈并做笔记。
I made a note of the meeting time. 我记下了会议的时间。
I left a note on the table for my mom.
我在桌子上给妈妈留了一张便条。
I noted that he was wearing a new shirt this morning.
我注意到他今天早上穿了一件新衬衫。
学会运用39: I always make n when I read a new book.
学会运用40: She ___________ (note) down all the mistakes in her homework.
学会运用41: 在课堂上做笔记是帮助你 复习所学知识的好方法。
_______________ ___________ in class is a good way to help you review what you have learned.
1 hang up 挂起;挂断电话(教材P12)
归纳拓展
hang up 意为“挂起;挂断电话”。hang up (on sb. )
突然挂断(某人的)电话。
由hang 构成的动词短语还有: hang out 闲逛
hang around 等待;逗留
hang on 坚持;别挂电话;等一下
学会运用1: 从方框中选择适当的词填空
(1) He hung _________ the phone after hearing the bad news.
(2) Do you want to hang _________ after school today
(3) You hang _________ here in case he comes, and he will
worry about you.
学会运用2: 这幅画太高了,我自己挂不上去。
The picture is too high. I can’t _________ _________ _________ by myself.
2 go shopping 去购物(教材P14)
归纳拓展
“go + 动词-ing 形式”意为“去进行某一项(休闲或娱乐性的)活动”。类似的短语还有:
go fishing 去钓鱼 go swimming 去游泳
go walking 去散步 go boating 去划船
“go to + 表示活动的名词”意为“去做某事”。如:go to the movies 去看电影; go to the party 去参加聚会。
学会运用3: My mother usually goes __________ (shop) in the morning.
学会运用4: 周末我喜欢待在家里而不是去购物。
I like staying at home instead of __________ __________ on weekends.
3 be careful with 注意;当心(教材P15)
归纳拓展
be careful with 意为“注意;当心”。其中careful为形容词,意为“小心;注意; 谨慎”。
careful 的其他常见用法:be careful 小心,当心
be careful of/about/with 注意……;留心……;当心……
be careful (not) to do sth. 小心/注意(不)做某事
学会运用5: —_________! The dog might bite.
—OK. Thank you.
A. Be sure B. Take careful
C. Be careful of D. Be careful
学会运用6: 做饭时用刀要小心点,不要伤了手指。
_________ _________ _________ the knife while cooking, and don’t cut your fingers.
4 clean up 清扫(教材P15)
归纳拓展
clean up 意为“清扫”,“动词+ 副词”结构的短语。
代词作宾语要放在clean 和up 之间。
“动词+ up”短语小结:
give up 放弃 put up 搭建;粘贴
look up 查阅;向上看 grow up 长大
wake up 醒来 make up 组成;编造
学会运用7: Tina can _______ her bedroom by herself. She doesn’t need her parents’ help.
A. get up B. clean up
C. cut up D. give up
学会运用8: 多么有意义的一天啊!我们自愿打扫我们的城市公园。
What a meaningful day! We volunteered _________ ________ ________ our city park.
1 Can / Could you please water the plants 你能给植物浇一下水吗?(教材P12)
(分析结构) 本句是一般疑问句。Can/ Could 是情态动词,主语是you,谓语是water,宾语是the plants。其中please是一个礼貌用语,放在动词前表示请求或命令的礼貌性。
Could you please clean our yard 你能打扫一下我们的院子吗?
Sure, I can./ I’m afraid I can’t. 当然,我可以。/ 恐怕不能。
-Could you please take out the garbage 你能帮忙倒一下垃圾吗?
-Sure, I’d be happy to./ I can’t at the moment, but I can help later. 当然可以,我很乐意。/ 我现在不能,但稍后可以帮忙。
could在此处不表示过去,而是表示委婉语气。
归纳拓展
Can /Could you (please) + 动词原形 + 其他?意为“请你……好吗?”,用来表示请求。
肯定回答:Certainly./ Of course./ With pleasure./No problem./Yes, sure.
否定回答:Sorry, I can’t./Certainly not./No, I’m afraid I can’t.
否定形式为“Could you (please) + not + 动词原形+其他?”
学会运用1: -Could you please turn off the TV
-______, I _____. I want to watch the sports news.
A. No; couldn’t B. Sorry; can’t C. Sure; can D. Yes; couldn’t
学会运用2: -能请你把灯关掉吗?-当然可以。
-___________ ________ ________ turn off the light -Of course.
2 Would you like to mop the floor or clean the windows 你想拖地还是擦窗户?(教材P13)
本句为一般疑问句。主语是you,谓语是Would... like,宾语是to mop the floor 和clean the windows。用 or 连接,表示“或者”,让对方在这两个动作中做出选择, 不能用“Yes”或“No”来回答。
Would you like to go swimming with me 你想和我一起去游泳吗?
I’d love to, but I’m very busy. 我想去,但我很忙。
-Would you like some tea 你想要一些茶吗?
-Yes, please./ No, thanks. 好的,谢谢。/ 不用了,谢谢。
What would you like to do 你想做什么?
-I’d like to visit the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. 我想参观港珠澳大桥。
归纳拓展
Would you like to do sth. “你想做某事吗 ”,表示征求意见。
肯定回答:Yes, I’d like/love to./That sounds like fun.
否定回答:Sorry, I’m afraid not./I’d love to, but...
Would you like sth. “你想要某物吗?”,表示征求意见。
肯定回答:Yes, please.
否定回答:No, thanks.
What would you like (to do) “你想要(做)什么?”,表示询问对方的意愿。回答:I’d like (to do)...
学会运用3: Would you like ________ (draw) a picture or read a book this afternoon
学会运用4: 你今天下午想去动物园吗?
________ you like ________ ________ to the zoo this afternoon
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