资源简介

(共71张PPT)
UNIT 2
MORALS AND VIRTUES
核心单词
阅读词汇
1.moral adj.道德的；道义上的 n.品行；道德；寓意
2.virtue n.高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
3.entrust vt.委托；交付
4.tuition n.(小组)教学；讲课
5.fee n.专业服务费；报酬
6.union n.协会；联合会；工会
7.scholarship n.奖学金
8.physician n.医师；(尤指)内科医生
9.colleague n.同事；同僚
10.clinic n.诊所；门诊部
11.faraway adj.遥远的
12.elsewhere adv.在别处；去别处
13.kindergarten n.学前班；幼儿园
14.insurance n.保险；保险业
15.midnight n.子夜；午夜
16.lap n.(坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈
17.lip n.嘴唇
18.chairman n.主席；主持人；董事长
19.chain n.一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
20.café n.咖啡馆；小餐馆
21.waitress n.(餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者
22.disguise vt.装扮；假扮；掩盖 n.伪装；化妆用具
23.maple n.枫树；槭树
24.cart n.手推车；运货马车
25.spill vt.& vi.(使)洒出；(使)溢出
26.limp vi.跛行；一瘸一拐地走
27.might n.力量；威力
28.fable n.寓言；寓言故事
29.court n.(网球等的)球场；法院；法庭
30.per prep.每；每一
高频词汇
1.________ n.进退两难的境地；困境
dilemma
faint
2.________ vi.昏倒；晕厥 adj.不清楚的；微弱的
3.________ vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图
4.________ adj.珍稀的；宝贵的
illustrate
precious
5.________ vt.聘任；雇用；租用 n.租借；租用
6.________ n.十年；十年期
hire
decade
7.________ vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于
8.________ n.员工；全体职员
tend
staff
9.________ n.节省物；节省；节约 [pl.]储蓄金；存款
10.________ n.道德原则；法则；原则
11.________ adj.被动的；顺从的
saving
principle
12.________ adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的
13.________ n.事故；车祸；失事
passive
sharp
14.________ vi.& vt.悄声说；耳语；低语
n.耳语(声)；低语
(声)；传言；谣传
accident
whisper
import
15.________ n.进口；进口商品 vt.进口；输入；引进
16.________ n.出口；出口商品 vt.出口；输出；传播
17.________ vt.& vi.咬；叮；蛰 n.咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤
18.________ adj.怀孕的；妊娠的
export
bite
19.________ n.眼泪；泪水
20.________ n.绝望 vi.绝望；感到无望
21.________ n.收入；收益
pregnant
22.________ adv.因此；所以
23.________ n.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
tear
despair
income
therefore
tension
拓展词汇
1.marry vt.娶；嫁；和……结婚→________ n.结婚；婚姻
2.________ n.大部分；大多数→major adj.主要的；重要的；
重大的 n.主修科目 vi.主修；专攻
3.complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚→__________ n.抱怨；不满；
投诉
marriage
majority
complaint
response
4.respond vt.回答；回复
vi.做出反应；回应→________ n.反
应；回答；回复
5.reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用→________ n.拒绝接受；否决
6.appoint vt.任命；委派→____________ n.约会；约定；任命
7.elect vt.选举；推选→________ n.选举；推选；当选
8.__________ vt.发表(作品)；出版→__________ n.出版商→
publishing n.出版业
election
publish
publisher
9.retire vi.& vt. 退休；退职；退出→____________ n. 退休→
________ adj.退休的
retirement
retired
scare
10.________ vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓→________ adj.害怕
的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scary adj.令人害怕的
scared
rejection
appointment
11.energy n.精力；力量；活力；能源→________ adj.精力充沛
的；充满活力的→____________ adv.精力充沛地
energetic
12.________ vt.接替；取代；更换→replacement n.更换；更替
13._________ n.手术；企业；经营→operate vi.& vt.(使)运行；
(使)运转；操作；奏效；动手术→________ n.操作员；经营者
14.________ n.(行星的)极；地极→polar adj.极地的；近极地的
15.assist vt.帮助；援助→________ n.帮助；援助→_______ n.
助手
energetically
replace
operation
operator
pole
assistance
assistant
16.________ n.记忆力；回忆→memorize v.记忆；记录→
________ adj.纪念的；悼念的
17.harm n.& vt.伤害；损害→________ adj.有害的
18.________ adj.灵活的；可变通的→flexibly adv.灵活地；柔
软地→_________ n.柔韧性；灵活性
memory
memorial
harmful
flexible
flexibility
熟词生义
sharp
【熟义】 adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的
【生义①】 adj.尖锐的
【典例】(2023·全国甲卷)The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp
book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually
pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging.《苏格
拉底哲学特快车》是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它用清晰简洁的风格
吸引读者，然后再把他们逐步推向对欲望、孤独和衰老的更深层
思考。
【生义②】 adj.精明的；敏锐的
【典例】 She has sharp ears and eyes.她有敏锐的耳朵和眼睛。
重点短语
1.carry sb.________ sth.帮助某人渡过难关
2.tuition ________ 学费
through
fees
tend
3.________ to do sth.易于做某事；往往会发生某事
4.________ aid 急救
5.pass ________ 去世
first
away
memory
6.in ________ of 作为对……的纪念
7.trip ________ 被……绊倒
8.in ________ 流着泪；含着泪
9.________ despair 处于绝望中
10.a ________ deal (of)大量
over
tears
in
great
精选佳句
教材原句
nothing
is
more
precious
than
1.“...To a person ________ ________ ________ ________
________ their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I
refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired？” “……对一个
人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了，如果他们把生命托
付给我，我怎么能拒绝这种信任，说我又冷又饿又累呢？”
句式结构
句式 1：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义
教材原句
rather
stay
2.She responded, “I'd ________ ________ single to study all
my life！” 她回答说：“我宁愿保持单身，终生学习！”
句式结构
句式 2：would rather do...宁愿做……
教材原句
was
seen
riding
a
donkey
3.At times she ________ even ________ ________ ________
________ to faraway villages to provide medical care.有时人们甚至
会看到她骑着毛驴到遥远的村庄给人看病。
句式结构
句式 3：sb.be seen doing
教材原句
had
it
published
4.Returning from the North Pole, the traveller wrote a book about
his experience and ________ ________ ________ the following year.
从北极回来后，这位旅行者把自己的经历写了一本书，并于第二
年出版。
句式结构
句式 4：have/has sth.done
课文复现
Lin Qiaozhi, who delivered over 50 ，000 babies in her lifetime,
1.______________ (know) as the “mother of ten thousand babies”,
though she never got married.2.__________ (affect) by her mother's
death, Lin Qiaozhi decided to study medicine 3.________ the age of
18 instead of following the traditional path of 4.________ (marry) like
many other girls.After graduating from Peking Union Medical College,
she was hired as a resident physician.5.______________ (work) for a
few years, she was sent to Europe and the US, 6._______ she rejected
was known
Affected
at
marriage
Having worked
where
her colleagues' offer to stay, but returned home.Though appointed
7.________ (hold) many important positions, she was more interested
in tending patients.She held the belief that doctors should be
responsible 8.________ the patients.Dr Lin never retired.Even as she
was 9.________ (die), she was still thinking of others.This is Lin
Qiaozhi, who devoted all her life to 10.________ (help) the women in
need of her help.
to hold
for
dying
helping
单句语法填空
1.It's typical of him to respond ________ others' requests in spite
of his own business.
2.Never have I experienced a _____________ (exciting) moment
than now.
to
more exciting
to decorate
3.His colleagues assisted him ___________ (decorate) the house
for his wedding.
4.We appointed her _____________ (represent) us to send our
congratulations at the wedding ceremony.
to represent
5.The ________ (major) are in favor of my proposal while a
minority of them are against it.
6.When the boss arrived, the joyful atmosphere was replaced
________ a serious one.
majority
by/with
to
7.After all, it is immoral to take advantage of others' weaknesses
to do harm ________ them.
energetic
bitten
where
8.The most ________ (energy) and significant festivals are those
that look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring.
9.The saying “Once ________ (bite), twice shy” is a classic
portrayal(写照) of how people can be affected by shadows.
10.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy
atmosphere ________ his employees can enjoy their work.
1.majority n.大部分；大多数
【典例】
①The majority of them take an online language test before
starting their programme.他们中的大多数在课程开始前参加在线语
言测试。
②Such advantages have always been not in the majority, but
rather in the minority.这些优势总是不在多数人，而在少数人中。
③I majored in English but now I major in French.我曾主修过英
语，但现在我主修法语。
【归纳】
a/the majority of＝most (of)...大多数……
be in the majority 占大部分/大多数
【点津】
(1)当 the majority 单独作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用
单数形式；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)当“the majority of＋名词”作主语时，其后的谓语动词的
数取决于 of 之后的名词。
【拓展】
(1)major adj.主要的 n.专业 vi.主修；专攻
major in 主修；以……为专业
(2)minor adj.次要的；较小的
(3)minority n.少数；少数民族
be in the minority 占少数
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
(1)The ________ (major) of my patients come to me from out of
town.
majority
in
is
(2)What subject are you planning to major ________？
(3)The majority of rented accommodation in London ________
(be) probably advertised through housing agencies.
2.complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚
【典例】
①The old man complained about the hot weather.那位老人抱怨
天气炎热。
②She complained that there was too much noise outside at night.
她抱怨夜里外面太吵。
③Customers made a formal complaint about the way they were
treated.顾客就他们被对待的方式提出了正式的投诉。
【归纳】
complain about sth.抱怨某事
complain to sb.向某人投诉
【点津】
complain 后面不能直接接 sb.作宾语，须加介词 to。类似的动
词还有 explain (解释；说明)、announce (宣告)、appeal (呼吁；吸
引)等。
【拓展】
complaint n.抱怨；投诉；不满
make a complaint to sb.about sth.向某人抱怨/投诉某事
a letter of complaint 投诉信
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
(1)Mothers often complain ________ their children ________
wrestling on the bed.
(2)Why don't you make a ________ (complain) against your
noisy neighbours
to
about
complaint
complains
to
about
完成句子，每空一词
(3)他常常向朋友们抱怨在工作中不受赏识。
He often __________ _______ his friends ________ not feeling
appreciated at work.
＝He often ________ _______ _________ ________ his friends
________ not feeling appreciated at work.
makes
a
complaint
to
about
3.appoint vt.任命；委派
【典例】
①We shall have to appoint another day for the rest of our
business.我们只好再约一天来处理剩余的事。
②Who will be appointed the chairmanship when Mr Bell leaves？
贝尔先生离职以后，谁会被派来担任主席？
③Can I make an appointment to see the manager？我可以约见
经理吗？
【归纳】
appoint sb.(as) sth.任命某人担任某个职位
appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事
appoint some time for sth.为某事约定时间
【拓展】
(1)appointment n.任命；委派；约会
make/have an appointment with sb.与某人有约
keep/break an appointment 守约/违约
(2)appointed adj.约定的；指定的
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
to meet
(1)I have something urgent to handle and therefore, I will appoint
my brother ________ (meet) you at the airport.
完成句子
you have been appointed as/to be chairman of
(2)得知你已被任命为学生会主席，我真诚地祝贺你。(应用文
写作之祝贺信)
Learning that ______________________________________ the
student council, I sincerely congratulate you.
for I have made an appointment with my dentist
(3)很抱歉我不能陪你去书店，因为我已经预约了牙医。
I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookstore，
________________________________________________.
4.scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
【典例】
①Suddenly there was a loud crack that scared me to death.突然
发出一声巨大的爆裂声，把我吓得要死。
②She was scared to go into the yard because she was scared of
being bitten by the big dog lying at the gate.她害怕去院子里，因为她
害怕被躺在门口的那只大狗咬到。
【归纳】
be scared of...害怕/担心……
be scared of doing sth./to do sth.害怕做某事
be scared to death 吓得要死
【拓展】
(1)scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓
scare sb.to death 把某人吓得要死
scare away/off sb./sth.把某人/某物吓跑
scare sb.into/out of doing sth.吓得某人做/不敢做某事
(2)scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
scary
of
(1)After watching a _______ (scare) film in the cinema，she was
scared ________ walking home alone and therefore，she called a taxi.
完成句子
which is said to scare away/off the monster Nian
(2)新年期间的一个习俗是燃放烟花，据说这是为了吓跑年兽。
One of the old customs during the New Year is setting off
fireworks，____________________________________________.
(3)(2020· 7 月浙江卷)当我意识到那头熊要回来攻击我们的时
候，我几乎要吓死了。
I was nearly scared to death
When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us ，
_____________________________.
(4)意识到自己的错误后，我胆怯地低下了头，不敢看父亲那
张阴云密布的脸。(读后续写之心理描写)
Having realized my mistake，I bowed my head timidly，______
_______________________________________________.( 形容词短
语作状语)
scared to look at my father's face darkened with anger
5.assist vt.帮助；援助
【典例】
①Tom and Mary often assist us in/with our work. 汤姆和玛丽
经常协助我们工作。
②We should find a way to assist the child to return to school.我
们应该想办法帮助这个孩子重返学校。
③I swam to Dad quickly and assisted him in climbing onto the
boat.我迅速游到爸爸身边，帮他爬上了船。
【归纳】
assist sb.to do sth.帮助/协助某人做某事
assist sb.in/with sth.帮助/协助某人某事
assist sb.in doing sth.帮助/协助某人做某事
单词 用法
assist 是正式用语，强调在提供帮助时，以受助者为主，所给的帮
助起辅助性的作用
help 是普通用语，含义广泛，指一般性的或迫切需要的帮助，侧
重积极地为他人提供物质、精神或其他方面的帮助
aid 是正式用语，指帮助他人脱离危险或战胜困难，着重强调对
急需帮助的弱者的帮助。有时意味着强者援助弱者
【辨析】 assist, help 与 aid
【拓展】
(1)assistance n.帮助；援助
come to one's assistance 援助某人
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
(2)assistant n.助手；助理；售货员 adj.助理的；副的
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
assistant
assistance
(1)I am writing to convey my sincere gratitude to your shop
_________ who came to my __________ when I fainted in your shop.
(assist)
with/in your oral English
完成句子
(2)作为对你上封信的回复，我确保我会在英语口语方面帮你。
首先，我会帮你改正你的发音。(应用文写作之回复求助信)
In response to your last letter，I make sure that I will __________
______________________.Firstly，I will _______________________
___________________.
assist you to correct
assist you
your pronunciation
It was with your generous assistance that
(3)正是在你的慷慨帮助下，我成功地赢得了选举，并被任命
为学生会主席。
________________________________________ I succeeded in
winning the election and was appointed as chairman of the student
council.(强调句式)
1.in memory of 作为对……的纪念
【典例】
①We eat zongzi in memory of Qu Yuan. 我们吃粽子来纪念屈
原。
②A temple was built in honour of the brave dragon.人们建造一
座庙来纪念那条勇敢的龙。
③Opportunities and success tend to be in favour of those who
are ready.机会和成功往往青睐那些准备好的人。
【拓展】
“in＋n.＋of”结构的短语还有：in favour of (支持；赞同), in
need of (需要), in spite of (尽管；不管), in honour of (为了纪念……),
in case of (假使；万一), in search of (寻找)。
【即学即用】
完成句子，每空一词
in
memory
of
(1)他创办那项慈善事业以纪念他已故的妻子。
He founded the charity ________ ________ ________ his late
wife.
in
need
of
in
case
of
(2)许多建筑物需要修理。
Many of the buildings are ________ ________ ________ repair.
(3)为了以防万一，你最好多带些钱。
It would be safer to take more money with you ________
________ ________ emergency.
2.a great deal (of)大量
【典例】
①The cars gave off a great deal of waste gas into the air.车辆把
大量废气排放到空气中。
②He ran a great deal faster than I.他跑得比我快很多。
【点津】
(1)a great deal 作名词短语时，用作不可数名词，可作主语、
宾语，作主语时，意为“大量”。
(2)a great deal 作副词短语时，可修饰动词或比较级，意为
“很；非常”。
(3)a great deal of 意为“大量的”，后接不可数名词。
分类 举例
接可数名词 many, few, a (great) number of, a good/great
many
接不可数名词 much, little, a great deal of, a large amount
of, large amounts of
既接可数名词又接不可
数名词 a lot of/lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of/
large quantities of, masses of
【拓展】
【即学即用】
a
great
deal
of
encouragement
完成句子，每空一词
(1)我也有一些给了我很多鼓励的朋友。
I also have friends who give me ________ ________ ________
________ _______________.
(2)她今天身体比昨天好多了。
She is ________ ________ ________ ________ today than she
was yesterday.
a
great
deal
better
(3)自从他妻子去世后，他变化很大。
He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ since his
wife passed away.
has
changed
a
great
deal
1.At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway
villages to provide medical care.(教材 P16)有时人们甚至会看到她
骑着毛驴到遥远的村庄给人看病。
【剖析】 本句是一个简单句。she 是主语，was seen 是谓语，
riding a donkey 是动词-ing 形式作主语补足语，即 see sb.doing 结构。
【典例】
①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)We see scenes of children learning to read
at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between
the generations.我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这
本书是几代人之间关系的焦点。
②They are great gifts and you see them many times decorated
with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 它们是很好的礼
物，你会经常看到人们用红包和祝福语来装饰。
③He was seen to work in the garden yesterday. 昨天有人看见
他在花园里干活了。
【点津】
(1)see sb.do sth.的被动形式为 sb.be seen to do sth.。
(2)“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构中的常见的感官动词(短语)
有 listen to、watch、look at、observe、see、hear、feel、notice 等。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
made
(1)The manager was satisfied to see many pots of good quality
________ (make) after great effort.
(2)His colleague was seen ________ (enter) the building at that
moment.
entering
to disappear
(3)The old man was seen __________ (disappear) in the distance.
完成句子，每空一词
(4)孩子们注意到小偷被一群警察带走了。
The children ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
by a group of policemen.
noticed
the
thief
taken
away
2.Returning from the North Pole，the traveller wrote a book
about his experience and had it published the following year.(教材
P18)从北极回来后，这位旅行者把自己的经历写了一本书，并于
第二年出版。
【剖析】 本句是简单句。句中 had it published 为过去分词短
语作宾语补足语，表示宾语和动词之间是被动关系，意为“让某
事被做”。
【典例】
①I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph
taken.我需要一本新护照，所以我得照张相。
②There is no need to worry.I will have Tom pick you up at the
airport.没有必要担心，我会让汤姆去机场接你。
【点津】
除了 have sb.do sth.表示“让某人做某事”外，常用的使役动
词还有：let sb.do sth., make sb.do sth., get sb.to do sth.。
短语 含义
have sb./sth.doing sth. 让某人做某事/让某事发生(动作持续)
can't/won't have sb.doing sth. 不允许某人做某事
have sb.do sth. 让某人做某事
have sb./sth.done 让某人做某事；完成某事
have sth.to do 有某事要做(不定式作定语)
【拓展】
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
to catch
injured
(1)I was watching the clock all through the meeting because I
had a train ________ (catch).
(2)Unfortunately, he had his right leg ________ (injure) during
the training.
完成句子，每空一词
had
us
laughing
(3)汤姆很有趣，一路上让我们笑个不停。
Tom was very funny and ________ ________ ________ all the
way.
【句型升级】
She preferred going with us to staying behind.
按要求完成句子
1.She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.(用所给短
语改写句子)
①__________________________________________________
(prefer doing...to doing...)
She would rather go with us than stay behind.
②__________________________________________________
(would rather do...than do...)
③__________________________________________________
(would do...rather than do...)
She would go with us rather than stay behind.
2.Please write letters to our relatives and friends by hand.Don't
send emails.It is a good idea.(用 it 作形式主语改写句子，并用 rather
than 合并为一句)
It is a good idea to write letters
______________________________ to our relatives and friends
by hand ______________________.
3.My college degree took over 6 years to get.(改写句子，每空
一词)
rather than send emails
________ ________ ________ over 6 years ________ ________
my college degree.
It
took
me
to
get
4.He is working harder than any other student in his class.(用所
给结构改写句子)
harder than all the other students
①He is working ______________________________________
in his class.(比较级＋than＋all (the) other＋复数名词)
②He is working ______________________________________
in his class.(比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词)
③He is working ______________________________________
in his class.(比较级＋than＋the rest of＋复数名词/不可数名词)
harder than any of the other students
harder than the rest of the students
5.I heard that Mary sang a good song in the next room last
night.(改写句子)
___________________________________________________
I heard Mary sing a good song in the next room last night.
【语篇写作】
根据提示，运用本单元的单词、短语、句型和适当的连词，
写一篇短文
1.我们中华民族以传统美德著称, 我们应该继承并且实践道
德原则。(virtues, moral principles)
2.我们应该多了解一下我们民族的历史和文化。
3.在日常生活中, 我们应该乐于助人, 有一颗善良的心；在学
习中, 我们应该充满活力, 刻苦努力。(energetic)
参考范文：
We Chinese are known for our traditional virtues.We are supposed
to inherit and practise the moral principles.In addition, we should have
a better knowledge of our history and rich culture.In our daily life, we
should be willing to help others and have a kind heart, and in our
study, we should be energetic and hardworking.

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