资源简介

(共65张PPT)
UNIT 4
NATURAL DISASTERS
核心单词
阅读词汇
1.tornado n.龙卷风；旋风
2.drought n.旱灾；久旱
3.landslide n.(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡
4.slide vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑动
5.tsunami n.海啸
6.magnitude n.(地)震级；重大
7.evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离
8.helicopter n.直升机
9.shelter n.避难处；居所；庇护
vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨
或危险)
10.crack n.裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt.(使)破裂
11.gas n.气体；燃气；汽油
12.ruin n.& vt.破坏；毁坏
13.percent n.百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中
14.brick n.砖；砖块
15.metal n.金属
16.bury vt.埋葬；安葬
17.unify vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体
18.context n.上下文；语境；背景
19.volcano n.火山
20.typhoon n.台风
21.hurricane n.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
22.tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
23.pipe n.管子；管道
vt.吹口哨
n.哨子(声)；呼
啸声
24.whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声
25.kit n.成套工具；成套设备
26.sweep vt.& vi.打扫；清扫
高频词汇
1.________ n.灾难；灾害
2.________ n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；
淹没
disaster
flood
rescue
damage
3.________ n.& vt.营救；救援
4.________ vt.损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失
5._________ n.电；电能
electricity
trap
6.________ vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱
7.________ n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
effort
8.________ vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
9.________ n.供应(量)；补给； [pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给
10.________ adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
11.________ n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.帮助；援助
12.________ vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞
suffer
13.________ n.海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手
14.________ vi.& vt.侵袭；突击；击打 n.罢工；罢课；袭击
supply
calm
aid
crash
wave
strike
拓展词汇
1.________ vt. 摧毁；毁灭→_____________ adj. 破坏性的→
destruction n.破坏；毁坏
destroy
destructive
2.________ n. 死；死亡→die vi. 死亡→________ adj. 死的→
deadly adj.致命的
death
dead
3._______ vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→_______ n.影响；
结果；效果→effective adj.有效的
affect
effect
4.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→________
adj.感到震惊的→________ adj.令人震惊的
5.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→_______ n.呼吸→_________ adj.气喘
吁吁的
shocked
shocking
breath
breathless
6.revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒→________ n.振兴；复苏
7.________ n.智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的
8.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→_________ n.
爆发；喷出
revival
wisdom
eruption
9._______ vi.生存；幸存
vt.幸存；艰难度过→_______ n.幸
存；生存→survivor n.幸存者
survive
survival
10.________ n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→________ adj.
强大的；强有力的→powerless adj.无力的
power
powerful
11.emergent adj.紧急的→__________ n.突发事件；紧急情况
12.________ vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n.运送
13.summary n.总结；概括；概要→_________ vt.总结；概括
14.________ n.长；长度→long adj.长的→________ vt.加长
emergency
deliver
summarize
length
lengthen
熟词生义
1.flood
【熟义】 n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没 vt.使灌满水；淹没
【生义】 vi.大量涌入；挤满；充斥
【典例】 But when he finally reached her, the woman flooded
him with questions.但当他终于找到她时，这个女人滔滔不绝地向
他提出了很多问题。
2.tap
【熟义】 vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
【生义】 vt.发掘；利用
【典例】 The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen
schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when
tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work.讨人喜欢的人
身上具有与他人融洽相处的特质，这样的特质可以增进校园友谊，
促进人际交往能力，而且如果能被及早发掘，在日后的生活和工
作中都会得到应用。
3.trap
【熟义】 vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱
【生义】 v.捕获
【典例】(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Why can certain plants trap harmful
bacteria？为什么某些植物能捕获有害的细菌？
4.sweep
【熟义】 vt.& vi.打扫；清扫
【生义】 n.绵延弯曲的地带
【典例】(2022·全国乙卷)The sweep of the land and the stoicism
of the people move her to some beautiful writing. 连绵起伏的土地和
人们的坚忍使她写出美妙的作品。
重点短语
1.do/cause ________ to 对……造成损害
2.as ________ 似乎；好像；仿佛
3.in ________ 严重受损；破败不堪
4.in ________ 震惊；吃惊
damage
if
ruins
5.be ________ in 陷入；困入
6.be buried________ 专心于……
7.make ________ to do sth.努力做某事
shock
trapped
in
efforts
8.supply sb.________ sth.提供给某人某物
9.________ the open air 露天；在户外
10.________ hand 现有(尤指帮助)
11.________ away 消灭；彻底消除
12.have an effect ________ 对……有影响
with
in
on
sweep
on
精选佳句
教材原句
as
if
1.It seemed ________ ________ the world were coming to an
end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！
句式结构
句式 1：as if 引导表语从句
教材原句
hard
to
get
2.Water, food and electricity were ________ ________ ________.
水、食物和电都很难得到。
句式结构
句式 2：be＋adj.＋to do (不定式用主动形式表达被动意义)
教材原句
killing
more
than
3.The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a
tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, ________
__________ __________ 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand,
Malaysia, and at least four other countries.昨天，40 年来最强烈的地
震引发海啸，重创整个亚洲的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、
泰国、马来西亚和至少四个其他国家 6500 多人死亡。
句式结构
句式 3：现在分词短语作结果状语，表示顺其自然的结果
教材原句
was
having
breakfast
when
4.I ________ ________ ________ with my three children
________ water started filling my home.我和我的三个孩子正在吃早
餐时，水突然开始涌入我的家。
句式结构
句式 4：be doing...when...，意为“正在做某事时突然……”
教材原句
it
difficult
to
deliver
5.However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make
________ ________ ________ ________ food and supplies.然而，危
险的环境和受损的道路将使运送食品和物资变得困难。
句式结构
句式 5 ：it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语 为 to deliver food and
supplies
before
smelly
to eat
on
an
课文复现
Strange things happened 1.________ the Tangshan earthquake
happened.The well walls had deep cracks.At least one well had some
2.________ (smell) gas coming out of it.Chickens and even pigs were
too nervous 3.________ (eat).
At 3 ：42 4.________ the morning of 28 July, 1976, everything
began to shake.It seemed as if the world were coming to 5.________
end.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.The whole city lay in
6.__________ (ruin).Many people died or were 7.__________ (bad)
injured.Everything in the city was 8.________ (destroy).People were
9.________ (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would
last.
ruins
badly
destroyed
shocked
The army organised teams to dig out those who 10.___________
(trap) and to bury the dead.Workers built shelters for survivors.Fresh
water was taken to the city.Slowly the city began to breathe again.
were trapped
单句语法填空
1.He made a great effort to save the girl ________ (trap) in the
burning house.
trapped
with
wisdom
2.This event will supply you ________ a precious opportunity to
work with experts in this field.
3.(2023· 全国甲卷)For thousands of years, people have told fables
to teach a lesson or to pass on ________ (wise).
4.________ (bury) in reading the legend of a master in basketball,
he didn't make it to school on time.
Buried
swept
5.(2021·3 月天津卷)As I _____ (sweep) up the mess, I wondered
why we had been breaking so many things over the months.
6.Compared with those who are engaged in manual labor,
teachers experience more mental ___________ (suffer).
7.________ struck me that I was cheating myself by pretending
to know what I didn't know.
sufferings
It
8.The stadium and the gym laid ________ ruins after the big fire
caused by careless smoking.
9.She speaks English so fluently as if she ___________ (stay) in
America for a long time.
10.To win an honour for his country, he didn't give up even if he
got injured in the race, ________ (set) a good example to others.
in
had stayed
setting
1.affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
【典例】
①The audience was deeply affected by his lecture. 听众被他的
演讲深深地打动了。
②Does television affect ( ＝ have an effect on) children's
behaviour？电视对孩子们的行为有影响吗？
③The traffic laws don't take effect until the end of the year.交通
法要到年底才生效。
④It's a disease that affects mainly older people.这是一种主要侵
扰老年人的疾病。
【归纳】
be deeply affected by...被……深深打动
【拓展】
(1)affection n.喜爱；钟爱
have an affection for 喜爱
(2)effect n.影响；结果；效果
have an effect on...对……有影响
take effect 开始生效
come into effect 开始生效
in effect 事实上，实际上
side effect 副作用
(3)effective adj.有效的；生效的
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
for
affected
(1)The special day allows people to show their love and affection
________ their fathers.
(2)We are deeply ________ (affect) by what happens to us in the
childhood.
in
effective
(3)I didn't fail the exam; ________ effect I did rather well!
(4)We must take ________ (effect) measures to prevent natural
disasters in advance.
2.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊
【典例】
①It shocked them to hear that the hospital was closing down.听
说这家医院要关闭了，他们很震惊。
②Bill looked at the broken vase in shock.比尔震惊地看着打碎
的花瓶。
【归纳】
It shocked sb.to see/hear...看到/听到……使某人震惊
be a shock to sb.对某人来说是一个打击
be in a state of shock 惊魂未定；处于休克状态
in shock 震惊；吃惊
culture shock 文化冲击
【拓展】
(1)shocked adj.感到震惊的
be shocked at/by...对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth.对做某事感到震惊
(2)shocking adj.令人震惊的
It's shocking that...……是令人震惊的
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
shocked
shocking
(1)All of us were _________ at the __________ news that many
deaths had been caused by the flood.(shock)
完成句子
(2)汤姆在马拉松比赛中赢得了冠军，这对我们大家来说非常
震惊。
shock to/greatly shocked us all
Tom won the championship in the marathon, ________________
__________________________.
which was a great
(3)听到家乡被飓风摧毁的消息，她吓得脸色苍白。(读后续
写之恐惧心理描写)
paled with shock at the news
She ________________________________ that her hometown
was destroyed by the hurricane.
3.effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
【典例】
①The prisoner made an effort to escape, but he couldn't climb
the prison wall.囚犯试图逃跑，但他爬不上监狱的墙。
②We should spare no effort to beautify our environment,
because it is shared by all the human beings.我们应不遗余力地美化
我们的环境，因为它是全人类共有的。
③The boy lifted the rock without effort. 这个男孩毫不费力地
举起了这块岩石。
【归纳】
make every effort/an effort/efforts to do sth.努力/竭尽全力做某事
spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力做某事
in an effort to do sth.努力做某事
put effort into 对某事付出很大努力
with effort 努力地
without effort 毫不费力地
It takes/took effort to do sth.花费精力去做某事
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
to keep
with
(1)Penny tended to work through her lunch hour in an effort
________ (keep) up with her work.
(2)Jenny took a deep breath and sat up slowly ________ effort.
spare
no
effort
to
ensure
完成句子，每空一词
(3)这座城市会不遗余力地保证市民的安全。
The city will ________ _______ ________ ________ ________
the safety of its citizens.
make
every/an
effort
to
(4)我们应该竭尽全力保护我们宝贵的淡水。
We should ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
our valuable drinking water.
protect
4.deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表
【典例】
①If you subscribe to the newspaper, it'll be delivered to your
door.假如你订阅了这种报纸，就会有人把它送到你家门口。
②The doctor delivered over 200 babies last year.去年，这个医
生接生了 200 多名新生儿。
③After he came to power, the president delivered a wonderful
speech.总统上台之后，他发表了一篇精彩的演讲。
【归纳】
deliver sth.to sb.把某物递送给某人
deliver a baby 接生；助产
deliver a speech/lecture 发表演讲
be delivered of a baby 分娩；生孩子
【拓展】
delivery n.运送；分娩
make a delivery 交货；发货
【即学即用】
运送
发表
接生
写出下列句子中 deliver 的中文含义
(1)We guarantee to deliver your goods within a week.________
(2)The president declined to deliver the speech himself, on
account of a sore throat.________
(3)Dr Lin had gone to a neighbouring village to deliver a baby.
________
单句语法填空
delivery
(4)I got a ________ (deliver) of fresh eggs this morning.
1.come to an end 结束
【典例】
①The show came to an end in the laughter of the audience.演出
在观众的笑声中结束了。
②The English class ended up with a beautiful song.英语课以一
首优美的歌曲结束了。
③(2023·1 月 浙 江 卷 )They'll end up filling the area with small
stones and using chemicals to control weeds.他们最终会用小石头填
满这个区域，并使用化学物质来控制杂草。
【归纳】
put an end to...结束……
bring...to an end 结束……
end up doing sth.以做……结束
end up with 以……结束
end up in failure/prison 以失败/坐牢告终
【拓展】
endless adj.无止境的，无休止的
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
an
getting
in
with
(1)When the meetings came to ________ end, Kafka presented
her with a doll.
(2)If you don't know what you want, you might end up ________
(get) something you don't want.
(3)You will end up ________ prison if you go on stealing.
(4)His speech ended up ________ a burst of applause.
2.the number of...……的数量
【典例】
①The number of homeless people has increased dramatically.无
家可归者的人数急剧增加了。
②A number of roads have been blocked by fallen trees. 一些道
路被倒下的树堵住了。
短语 含义 用法
the number of ……的数量 后接名词复数，作主语时，谓语
动词用单数形式
a number of 许多的……；
大量的…… 后接名词复数，作主语时，谓语
动词用复数形式
【辨析】
the number of 与 a number of
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
(1)Recently, the number of the students in our school who skip
breakfast ____________ (increase) greatly.
(2)The exhibition was so interesting that ________ number of
people came to visit it.
has increased
a
1.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(教材P50)
仿佛世界末日即将来临！
【剖析】本句是复合句。句中 as if 意为“似乎；好像；仿
佛”，引导表语从句，从句中使用了虚拟语气。
【典例】
①(2023· 全国乙卷)Indoor plants might look as if they just sit
around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes
of the home.室内植物看起来好像只是无所事事，但在很多方面，
它们是家里的无名英雄。(陈述语气)
②I always read, using different voices, as though I were acting
out the stories with my voice and they love it！我总是用不同的声音
阅读，就好像我在用我的声音表演故事，他们喜欢这样！(与现在
事实相反)
③I felt as if my heart had stopped. 我觉得好像我的心都不跳
了。(与过去事实相反)
④Joseph opened his mouth as if he would say something. 约瑟
夫张开嘴好像要说什么。(与将来事实相反)
【点津】
as if/though 可以引导表语从句和方式状语从句：
(1)如果 as if/though 引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有
可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气：
①如果与现在事实相反，从句谓语用一般过去时，be 动词用
were；
②如果与过去事实相反，从句谓语用过去完成时，即“had＋
过去分词”；
③如果与将来事实相反，从句谓语用“would/could/might＋动
词原形”。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
is
were
rooted
(1)Listen, the whistle of an ambulance! It seems as if there
________ (be) an emergency.
(2)When a pencil is partly put into water, it looks as if it
________ (be) broken.
(3)At the bad news, Mary froze with shock, as if ________ (root)
to the ground.
完成句子
as if (it were) telling me
(4)我一走进房子，它就发出了高兴的喵喵声，好像是在告诉
我它以前住在这里。
The moment I stepped into the house, it let out a mew of delight
________________________ it previously lived here.(拟人表达)
2.I was having breakfast with my three children when water
started filling my home.(教材 P54) 我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐
时，水突然开始涌入我的家。
【剖析】本句是并列句。句中含有“sb.be doing...when...”句型，
when 用作并列连词，意为“突然……这时……”，相当于 just at
this/that time。
【典例】
①(2021· 浙 江 卷 )My mother was putting her groceries into
shopping bags when a stranger came up to her and said, “Here are the
things that you put back.”母亲在把自己的食品杂货装进袋子里时，
一位陌生人走过来对她说：“这是你放回去的东西。”
②(2023·1 月浙江卷)I was just about to leave when the
hummingbird appeared.我正要离开时，蜂鸟出现了。
③I was on the point of reaching the finishing line when I fell
down.我在快要到达终点线的时候摔倒了。
④She had just finished her homework when her mother asked
her to practise playing the piano yesterday.昨天她刚完成家庭作业，
突然她妈妈让她练习钢琴。
【点津】
when 用作并列连词时的常用句式有：
(1)be doing...when...正在做……这时/突然……
(2)be about to do...when...正打算做……这时/突然……
(3)be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时/突然……
(4)had just done...when...刚做完……这时/突然……
【即学即用】
完成句子
(1)我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来，房子就倒向地面，我们吓
得魂不附体。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
__________________________________________ it fell to the
ground and we were frightened out of our wits.
We had just escaped from the burning house when
(2)手里捧着罐子，我正匆忙上楼梯，突然我的一只脚被楼梯
绊住了。我失去了平衡，努力想稳住自己，但是没用。罐子从我
的手指间滑落，摔在了坚硬的泥土地上。我刚要去捡起碎片，就
听到妈妈的声音，“发生了什么事？”(读后续写之片段描写)
With the jar in my hands, I ______________________________
one of my feet was caught on one stair.Losing balance, I tried to
steady myself, but in vain.The jar slipped through my fingers, and
smashed on the hard-as-rock mud floor.I _______________________
_______________ I heard my mom's voice, “What's happening？”
was walking upstairs in a hurry when
was about to pick up the
pieces when
【句型升级】
按要求完成句子
Buried in their schoolwork
1.When most senior students are buried in their schoolwork, they
have no free time for entertainment.
_______________________________, most senior students have
no free time for entertainment.(用分词短语作状语改写句子)
2.He faced his enemies.He spoke to his supporters.(合并句子，每
空一词)
while/when
facing
He spoke to his supporters ___________ ________ his enemies.
3.I was struck by his inspiring words, and I decided to make
efforts to improve my English.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)
_______________________________, I decided to make efforts
to improve my English.
Struck by his inspiring words
4.Jenny opened her lips as if she was to say something.(用省略
句改写句子)
Jenny opened her lips as if to say something.
____________________________________________________
5.我喜欢早晨锻炼，因为空气呼吸起来很新鲜。(sth.is＋adj.
＋to do)
____________________________________________________
___________
I like to work out in the morning, because the air is so fresh to
breathe.
【语篇写作】
根据提示，运用本单元的单词、短语、句型和适当的连词，
写一篇短文
1.昨天，一场可怕的地震袭击了我的家乡，造成了巨大的破坏。
(现在分词短语作结果状语, damage)
2.许多房屋和道路被毁，使许多人受伤或无家可归。(非谓语
动词作结果状语, destroy, injure)
3.更糟糕的是，死亡人数很多。(the number of, death)
4.仿佛到了世界末日。(it seemed as if, come to an end)
5.幸运的是，士兵们来帮助寻找幸存者，救出一些被困在废墟
中的人。(survivor, trap, in ruins)
6.政府为受灾群众提供水、食物和住所。(provide, shelter)
参考范文：
Yesterday a terrible earthquake hit my hometown, causing great
damage.A lot of houses and roads were destroyed, leaving many
people injured or homeless.What's worse, the number of deaths was
huge.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Luckily,
soldiers came to look for survivors and dig out some people who were
trapped in ruins.The government provided fresh water, food and shelters
for the people in need.

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