题型过关第1讲语法选择【核心考点集训】2025春最新沪教版英语七年级下册期末复习学案:知识梳理+专项练习(含答案解析)

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题型过关第1讲语法选择【核心考点集训】2025春最新沪教版英语七年级下册期末复习学案:知识梳理+专项练习(含答案解析)

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题型过关第1讲 语法选择
(1)考点分布一般比较均匀,除动词外,考点一般不重复。
【分配:名词 + 动词*2 + 形容词 + 副词 + 冠词 + 介词 + 连词 + 连接词 + 代词】
(2)有提示词均需要变形,且变形方向是固定的。因此想不出答案时可以根据考点依次带入排除。(比如四个无提示词的填空已经填入了冠词、介词、连词,则剩下的大概率是三大从句的连接词或者疑问词)
考点1:名词
名词的形式变化主要有可数名词单数复数、名词所有格、词性转变、固定搭配。
1、名词单复数(依据:横线前有表示复数的词如a few,lots of,these,those,或者数量词等,或者there be句型中be动词为复数are或were形式)
2、名词所有格(依据:横线后又是名词且提示词的名词对后面的名词不形成修饰关系,而形成从属关系)
3、名词词性变化(依据:根据前后文词性判断名词是否要变化成相应的形容词、副词、动词等)
4、固定搭配[*无提示型](固定词组与表达方式,如pay___to首先想到attention)
There are many tall _________ (build) in our city.
Can you tell me some ________ (different) between the two new words
Home rules should be special to your ________ (family) needs.
考点2:动词【两大方向:谓语动词与非谓语动词】
1、时态 + 语态
依据1:前后文的时态和形式,或者时间状语;
依据2:特殊句型;
依据3:前后文的被动关系)
2、非谓语动词的三种形式 [doing,,done,to do](根据固定的搭配形式来改变动词形式,如want to do就要把do变to do,finish doing就要把do变doing)
【注意】实义动词与实义动词是不可能以两个动词原形的形式直接衔接在一起的,后面一个一定会变形。
比如实义动词want,play,practice在一起,可以形成want play(错),want to play(对),practice to play(错),practice playing(对)
因此,当做到动词题的时候一定要往前一个词看,找是否有实义动词,如果有,则横线上填写的动词肯定是非谓语动词的三种形式之一。【…动词 ______(动词)】
如果横线与前一个动词之间还夹着别的成分,那需要按着语法来判断。【…动词 + 代词/名词 + ______(动词)】
【用to do的其他形式】
1、后置定语(动词不定式在句中作定语时一般都要放在所修饰名词或代词的后面)
如:1、a chance to do sth 做某事的一个机会
2、the way to do sth 做某事的办法
3、the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间
4、something to eat 一些吃的东西
something to drink 一些喝的东西
6、a lot of work to do 许多要做的工作
7、get / have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会
2、It’s+形容词(adj.)+for(of) +sb +to do sth对某人来说做某事怎么样
【分析】形容词(adj.)修饰文中的事情既to do sth时,人前的介词用for ; 但是如果形容词(adj.)修饰文中的人既sb时,人前面的介词用of.
①It’s hard for me to learn English well.(句子 hard 是修饰动词不定式to learn English well,意为学好英语难,所以用的介词是for sb.)
②It’s kind of you to help me.(句中kind“善良的”修饰you(人) 意为你善良,所以介词用of sb.)
3、It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)
4、It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了
I ________ (do) my homework at home last Sunday.
Lucy usually ________ (watch) television on Friday morning.
In five years’ time, I ________ (become) a university student.
考点3:形容词与副词
1、 形容词比较级与最高级(依据1:比较级看句子中是否有than,最高级看形容词前面是否有the或后面有没有in/of+范围的形式。依据2:横线前有even,much、a little/bit等后面需要用比较级的词)
2、 固定句型(常见的为比较级的相关句型:the more…the more…,more and more。表示建议的句型:had better do sth。表示状态的句型:主语+ be + adj + to do)
3、 形容词副词化(依据:提示词为形容词,空格后有谓语动词或者形容词;或者空格位于句首,用逗号隔开)
4、 动词的ing与ed形式(依据:横线前有be动词或是后面有名词,则用ing形式;横线前有人称代词或人名,则用ed形式)
5、 否定变化(如happy变成unhappy)】
注意:形容词是修饰名词的,而副词是修饰动词、形容词与副词本身的。
Home is the ________ (warm) place wherever you go.
Jim studies better than Tom, but Tom is _______ (friendly) and he has more friends.
We had a football match yesterday. Our fans cheered us on ________ (loud) and we felt more confident.
考点4:代词
1、宾格(横线在谓语动词后面)
2、形容词性物主代词(横线后面有名词)
3、名词性物主代词(横线后面没有名词,前面有of或者前面有be动词等动词)
4、反身代词(横线前有和括号里同一类的且做主语成分的代词,此时把括号内的代词改为反身代词)
5、不定代词(一般以some/ever/any + thing为主,其次是others,another)
Do you have ________ (something) to say
Would you like ________ (every) coffee
I bought something for my parents, but nothing for ________ (I).
考点5:数量词考点
1、基数词变序数词(横线前一般有the)
2、基数词变次数(一般只考once,twice)
3、单位词变复数(主要是百-hundred,千-thousand,百万-million,十亿-billion的用法)
注意:
300名学生——three hundred students(此时hundred后无s)
成百上千名学生——hundreds of students(hundred后有了of则要加s)
成百上千名学生——hundreds upon hundreds of students
I am sad to know that ________ (hundred) of people lost their lives in the earthquake.
How many ________ (time) did you go to Beijing last year
考点6:介词
1、单一介词(即介词表示某种具体的含义,如方向或时间,能够根据上下文含义推理出来)
2、动词、形容词、介词词组中的固定搭配,例如:come/be from,fall in love with……
注意:介词的判断依据除了看有没有词组,还可以依靠横线后的词性,因为介词后面只能接名词性质的词,所以后面要么是名词和代词,要么是动词ing形式。
It’s great to hear ________ you. I’ll write to you soon.
The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing ________ common.
考点7:连词考点
1、根据词性判断(空格两边词性或结构一致,大概率是并列连词;一个长句被逗号或横线隔开,左右两边结构完整,有可能是连词构成的复合句)
2、根据逻辑判断(并列连词都是有很强的逻辑性的,可以根据上下文的意思来判断)
第一看横线前后的词性结构是否一致,如It makes us smart and healthy。此时smart和healthy就属于词性结构一致。
第二看横线前后是否有完整的主谓(宾)结构,如I don't like her because she smokes too much。 左边主谓宾完整,右边主谓完整。
最后看逻辑关系,如果满足第一或第二,只需要把平常常考的连词代入去想就可以了。
【连词总结】
and(常与both组合出现),or(常与either组合出现),but(常与also组合出现,形成not only…but also…),nor(常与neither组合出现),because,so等
注意:however是副词,常用作连词使用,出现的形式是单独在句首,用逗号与后文隔开:however,后句。也可能是放在中间,左右都用逗号隔开:前句,however,后句
考点8:冠词
1、冠词分类:定冠词(the),不定冠词(a/an),零冠词(一般不考)
[空格后面一定有名词,或是被形容词修饰的名词。所以做题一定要注意往横线后面一直看,看有没有名词出现。]
2、定冠词与不定冠词的区分:the用于特指,第二次出现,形容词最高级。a/an用于泛指,第一次出现,固定搭配。[根据元音音素来判断用a还是an,【特殊例子特殊记】an + hour / honor / honesty;a + useful / university]
3、固定词组与搭配:take a walk,have a fever中的a就是固定的,by the way中the也是固定搭配
It’s ________ unlucky day for me. I lost my new bike this morning.
Who is ________ tallest girl in your class
考点9:句子引导词关系词等【常考的:that / whether / if与各类疑问词等】
I don’t know ________ often you see your parents. Once a week or once a month
________ city do you like better, Beijing or Shanghai
一、同步专练
(一)
语法选择
We all know that water is important for life. But 1 water should we drink Usually for most of us eight glasses of water every day might be OK. But when people live or work in warmer environments, they need 2 more water. That is because they lose more water than us.
About 70% of our body is 3 up of water, but it cannot replenish (补充) water itself. So drinking water helps with our health. Here 4 some important things about drinking water.
1.Drink regularly (有规律地) through the day to prevent dehydration (脱水). After you get up, 5 is helpful to drink a glass of water.
2.Some people 6 have the habit of drinking regularly. They only drink 7 they are thirsty (口渴的). In fact, when we feel thirsty, 8 body is already short of water. It is too late to drink water.
3.In 9 office, keep water within reach and drink it whenever (无论何时) you see it. 10 this way, you can drink enough water.
1.A.how many B.how long C.how much D.what
2.A.drinks B.to drink C.drinking D.drank
3.A.make B.makes C.making D.made
4.A.are B.is C.were D.did
5.A.it B.this C.that D.he
6.A.aren’t B.doesn’t C.isn’t D.don’t
7.A.so B.but C.when D.before
8.A.a B.an C.the D./
9.A.your B.you C.we D.our
10.A.On B.In C.For D.To
(二)
Electricity plays an important part in our daily lives. When power stations burn fossil fuels (化石燃料) 11 electricity, it pollutes the environment. 12 everyone needs to work together to reduce pollution. Schools often waste large amounts of energy. 13 the help of students and teachers, there are many opportunities (机会) to save school electricity.
Here 14 some ways to save electricity at school:
Create a student energy club at school. Students who are 15 in energy saving can take part in. There is a meeting every week 16 all members to discuss electricity saving plan. And their job is to let more students 17 the importance of electricity saving.
18 each student an electricity saving task (任务). Ask one student to turn off the lights when 19 the classroom. And ask 20 student to turn off the computer at the end of the school day. Every student needs to do 21 same task in turns.
Don’t use the air conditioner 22 the weather is not so hot. 23 can help save a lot of electricity.
24 electricity is not difficult. As a student, we 25 try our best to save energy.
11.A.produces B.produced C.to produce D.producing
12.A.So B.Because C.But D.However
13.A.To B.With C.Of D.At
14.A.is B.was C.are D.were
15.A.interest B.interested C.interesting D.interests
16.A.by B.to C.in D.for
17.A.know B.knew C.knowing D.to know
18.A.To give B.Give C.Given D.Giving
19.A.leave B.leaving C.left D.leaves
20.A.the other B.others C.another D.other
21.A.the B.a C.an D./
22.A.after B.before C.if D.though
23.A.They B.It C.Its D.Them
24.A.Save B.Saves C.Saved D.Saving
25.A.must B.need C.should D.may
(三)
If you’ve been to Dunhuang, you must know the wall paintings in the grottoes (石窟) well. 26 we talk about them today, it’s not hard to mention the “Daughter of Dunhuang”—Fan Jinshi.
Fan grew up 27 Shanghai. After graduating from Peking University, Fan went to work in Dunhuang. The wall paintings there made Fan surprised. She decided to protect 28 as well as she could. Life in Dunhuang 29 hard at that time. The tables, chairs and beds were all made of mud (泥土). The roof was made of paper, but nothing 30 kill Fan’s love for that place.
Over the past 60 years, Fan 31 through the Mogao Grottoes for many times. She has carefully studied every painting. Fan planned and carried out 32 largest protection program in the history of the Mogao Grottoes. She came up with the idea of building a “digital (数字的) Dunhuang”. And she has also helped to make many 33 exhibitions (展览) of local arts. “During the day, I think about Dunhuang. At night, I dream about it. As long as I’m alive, I will try 34 it,” she once said.
Fan hopes that more young people will become interested in Dunhuang. She hopes 35 paintings will always be carefully protected.
26.A.But B.Or C.Until D.When
27.A.of B.in C.to D.out
28.A.them B.theirs C.their D.they
29.A.were B.are C.was D.is
30.A.can B.could C.have to D.had to
31.A.will walk B.walks C.walked D.has walked
32.A.the B.an C.a D./
33.A.succeed B.success C.successful D.successfully
34.A.to protect B.protect C.to grow D.grow
35.A.it B.it’s C.itself D.its
(四)
Hobbies can be the first teachers for many of life’s lessons. If you are collecting 36 as a hobby, it may be coins, stamps or what you are 37 in. You learn many things along the way. Kids can learn skills of 38 future work from hobbies.
So what are the best hobbies for kids
Reading
39 a child can lose himself or herself in a good book, he or she can find 40 whole new world without even leaving the house! It is reported that readers do 41 in schoolwork and exams than people who don’t read.
Arts and Crafts (工艺)
Arts and crafts are 42 a great way for teaching kids the 43 of using their own hands to create something from nothing.
Collections
Whether they are stamps, coins, baseball cards, model cars, ships, dolls, or whatever else interests your child, a collection is a great way 44 about people and places. Anything they choose to collect 45 be turned into an educational experience, important events and even all the social skills.
Music
This may not be ideal for all kids as some people are naturally more musical than 46 . 47 if your kid enjoys 48 , they can become great hobbies. Even learning a musical instrument is a good way to obey rules.
Sports and Games
Outdoor sports and indoor games are good 49 the complete development of a 50 personality. Speed, skill and teamwork are needed. This is a good hobby for any kid.
36.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
37.A.interest B.interests C.interested D.interesting
38.A.they B.them C.their D.theirs
39.A.Because B.If C.When D.Although
40.A.a B.an C.the D.\
41.A.good B.well C.better D.best
42.A.too B.either C.neither D.also
43.A.important B.importantly C.importance D.more important
44.A.learn B.learned C.learning D.to learn
45.A.must B.can C.should D.may
46.A.others B.other C.the others D.another
47.A.And B.Or C.But D.So
48.A.sing or danceB.to sing or dance C.singing or dancing D.singing or dance
49.A.as B.at C.with D.for
50.A.children’s B.child C.child’s D.childs’
二、真题链接
(一)
请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,根据语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每小题所给的三个选项中选出最佳答案,并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
In the year 712, a baby boy was born in Gongxian, Henan Province in China. He was Du Fu. Few people knew that this baby would grow up to be one of the greatest 51 of poems in Chinese history. He wanted 52 his poems to make a change to the society (社会).
Du Fu was 53 very smart boy and he enjoyed learning. Books 54 a good friend to little Du Fu. He enjoyed reading very much. He also traveled around China when he was young and met many 55 people. These were all good for his writing later.
As Du Fu grew up, he tried to get a job in the government (政府), 56 he didn’t make it. However, this didn’t stop him from writing. 57 poems often tell about the life of poor people.
Unluckily, Du Fu died in the year 770 58 the age of 58. Many people cried. They thought they lost an important man. 59 sad they were! But his poems live on. Many people still 60 his works today. It makes him a great man in Chinese literature (文学).
51.A.writer B.writers C.writers’
52.A.use B.using C.to use
53.A.the B.a C.an
54.A.become B.becomes C.became
55.A.interesting B.interested C.interest
56.A.and B.but C.because
57.A.He B.Him C.His
58.A.in B.on C.at
59.A.How B.What C.What a
60.A.love B.will love C.are loving
(二)
请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,根据语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
There are a lot of festivals in the world. The Dragon Boat Festival is 61 interesting festival in China. It falls 62 Monday this year, which is on the 63 day of the fifth month of the Chinese lunar (农历) calendar.
People celebrate (庆祝) the day to remember the famous poet Qu Yuan. It is a story about a poet from more than 2,000 years ago. Qu Yuan 64 into a river for his love of the country. People rowed (划) 65 on the river to try to look for him. Watching the racing is very 66 . Lots of people enjoy 67 the races with their family and friends. The boats are beautiful and special. Their prows (船头) look like dragon heads. Their end of the boats look like dragon tails. On the boat, some people row the boat 68 some people beat a gong (锣) and a drum. One of 69 is the helmsman (舵手).
We also eat zongzi to celebrate the festival. The custom (风俗) of eating zongzi is now popular 70 North and South Korea, Japan and many other countries.
61.A.a B.the C.an
62.A.at B.on C.in
63.A.fifth B.five C.fifteenth
64.A.jumped B.jumps C.jump
65.A.boat B.boats C.boats’
66.A.excite B.exciting C.excited
67.A.watching B.watch C.to watch
68.A.so B.and C.but
69.A.they B.their C.them
70.A.for B.in C.of
(三)
在每小题所给的三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案,并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
Wang Zhijun is a teacher in a small village in Hubei for over 28 years. His school was by a big lake before, and it was hard for kids to get there. So, Wang bought 71 small boat to help his students. Every day, he picked up the kids for school and then took them back home 72 his boat.
Sometimes, when the weather was bad or the water was too high, Wang let the kids 73 with him at school. They felt like it was their 74 home.
In 2017, the school moved to the place across from the lake, so Wang 75 drive to pick up most kids. 76 some still needed his boat to cross the lake.
Wang could have a 77 job, but he didn’t leave because of his deep love for the kids. He helped more than 40 students from 78 village go to university (大学). Wang’s dream is to help more 79 go to university and have a good life.
He is also happy that some of his students become teachers after finishing university and now 80 in their village.
71.A.a B.an C.the
72.A.in B.by C.with
73.A.stay B.staying C.to stay
74.A.two B.second C.the second
75.A.will B.could C.must
76.A.But B.So C.And
77.A.good B.better C.best
78.A.he B.his C.him
79.A.child B.child’s C.children
80.A.teach B.taught C.are teaching
(四)
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从下列各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I didn’t do well in my study. So I want to do it well this term, but I haven’t get any ideas how to make it better.
One day, I saw a big elephant. 81 people tied his legs with a rope. It was only a small rope. The elephant 82 break free from the rope easily, but he didn’t. I asked a man, “Sir, look, the big elephant 83 there. Why doesn’t he try to break free from the rope ” He said, “ 84 he was very young, we used the same small rope to tie his legs. He tried to run away, 85 he failed because he was too small. Now 86 elephant is very big, but he thinks he will fail again and he never has a try.” At that moment, I knew I was just 87 that elephant. So I told 88 that I should never stop trying. Since then, I like to try everything new and I do very 89 in my study.
Your try may fail, but never 90 trying.
81.A.Little B.Much C.Some D.Any
82.A.could B.should C.must D.need
83.A.stand B.stands C.stood D.is standing
84.A.If B.When C.Though D.Because
85.A.or B.so C.and D.but
86.A.a B.an C.the D./
87.A.like B.with C.for D.from
88.A.me B.my C.mine D.myself
89.A.good B.well C.better D.best
90.A.stop B.stops C.stopped D.stopping
(五)
通读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每题所给的三个选项中,选出一个最佳答案,并将答题卡对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
Ben likes swimming. One day at school, his teacher asked him 91 in a swimming race. Ben felt happy but worried, so he 92 to ask his grandpa for help.
His grandpa is good at swimming. He lives in a small village. It is two 93 away from his school. When he got there, his grandpa gave him 94 great gift—a trophy (奖杯). “I think you can win like me,” said grandpa.
“Wow! Thank you, grandpa!” Ben said 95 .
The big day came. Ben got up early 96 six in the morning. He took the trophy to the pool. He thought it would bring good luck to 97 . Ben swam fast at first. But before he started the last round, Ben couldn’t 98 the trophy. He didn’t know what to do. Just at that time, Ben heard his grandpa shouting, “Come on, Ben! You 99 fast now. You can do it!”
“Yes! I can do it! I can!” In the end, he won the race!
“The trophy is right here!” Grandpa took out of the trophy from his back and said, “You may think the trophy helped you win, but I think you won the race 100 you tried your best. Now go and get your trophy.”
91.A.to join B.joined C.joining
92.A.go B.goes C.went
93.A.kilometer B.kilometers C.kilometer’s
94.A.a B.an C.the
95.A.happy B.happily C.happiness
96.A.in B.on C.at
97.A.he B.him C.his
98.A.find B.finds C.finding
99.A.swims B.swam C.are swimming
100.A.because B.so C.or
(六)
根据短文内容,从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案,并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.
Look! Is that a leaf (树叶) walking on the ground
Look again! In fact, it is an insect (昆虫). It just looks like a leaf. We call it leaf insect. It 101 in the forests of South Asia. We can also find it in some places in 102 country, such as Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Guizhou.
The insect is very 103 because it can pretend (假装) to be a leaf. It looks the same as a leaf, so it is difficult for people 104 it out. The leaf insect is very quiet in the daytime, but it becomes active at night. The walking leaf can 105 in a special way. When it walks, it walks in a stop-go way. It 106 really fun.
107 American scholar (学者) was the first man to discover these insects in 1660. He loved 108 very much, and he 109 down what he saw in his notebook. Next time when you are in a forest, 110 walk fast. You just walk slowly, and try to find a walking leaf. Maybe it is a leaf insect.
101.A.live B.lives C.living
102.A.we B.our C.ours
103.A.interest B.interested C.interesting
104.A.find B.finding C.to find
105.A.walk B.walks C.walking
106.A.look B.looks C.is looking
107.A.A B.An C.The
108.A.they B.their C.them
109.A.write B.writes C.wrote
110.A.don’t B.didn’t C.aren’t
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
试卷第1页,共3页
试卷第1页,共3页
参考答案
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.B
【导语】本文讲述了水的重要性和喝水需要注意的事项。
1.句意:我们一天应该喝多少水?
how many多少(接可数名词);how long多长时间;how much多少(接不可数名词);what什么;根据“Usually for most of us eight glasses of water every day might be OK.”可知,下文说的是一天喝八杯水,说明此处问数量,且水为不可数名词。故选C。
2.句意:但是当人们在温暖的环境中生活或工作时,他们需要喝更多的水。
drinks动词三单;to drink动词不定式;drinking动名词;drank动词过去式。根据短语need to do可知此处用动词不定式。故选B。
3.句意:我们身体约70%是由水组成的,但它本身不能补充水分。
make动词原形;makes动词三单;making动名词;made动词过去式或过去分词。be made up of“由……组成”。故选D。
4.句意:以下是关于饮用水的一些重要事项。
are是;is是;were是(过去式);did(助动词用在一般过去时)。根据“here is/ are”表示“这是……”。根据就近原则,some things为复数,故用here are。故选A。
5.句意:起床后喝杯水是有益的。
it它;this这个;that那个;he他。根据句式分析为it作形式主语。故选A。
6.句意:有些人没有经常喝水的习惯。
aren’t不是;doesn’t助动词的否定形式;isn’t不是;don’t助动词的否定形式。根据“have the habit”可知是动词短语的否定形式,且主语为people,故选C。
7.句意:他们只有在口渴的时候才喝水。
so所以;but但是;when当;before在……前。前文“他们没有规律地喝水的习惯”可知,他们喝水只是在口渴时才喝,故用when表示“当……时候”。故选C。
8.句意:事实上,当我们感到口渴的时候,身体已经缺水了。
a泛指一个;an泛指一个(接元音音素开头的词);the定冠词表特指。根据前文已经提到过身体,可知此处用the表示前文已经提到的。故选C。
9.句意:在你的办公室里,把水放在触手可及的地方,看到水就喝。
your你的;you你;we我的;our我们的。根据从句“whenever you see it”可知是在“你的办公室”。故选A。
11.C 12.A 13.B 14.C 15.B 16.D 17.A 18.B 19.B 20.C 21.A 22.C 23.B 24.D 25.C
【导语】本文主要介绍了节约学校电力的一些方法。
11.句意:当发电站燃烧化石燃料生产电力时,它会污染环境。
produces产生,动词三单形式;produced动词过去式或过去分词;to produce动词不定式;producing现在分词或过去分词。分析句子成分可知,空处需动词不定式表目的。故选C。
12.句意:所以每个人都需要共同努力减少污染。
So所以;Because因为;But但是;However然而。根据空前后关系可知,空处表结果,需连词So。故选A。
13.句意:在学生和老师的帮助下,有很多机会可以节省学校的电力。
To到;With带着,和;Of……的;At在几点。With the help of“在……的帮助下”,固定搭配。故选B。
14.句意:这里有一些在学校节省电力的方法。
is是,用于单数;was是,is/am的过去式;are是,用于复数;were是,are的过去式。根据“some ways to save electricity at school:”可知,提出了在学校节约电的一些方法,时态为一般现在时,some ways为名词复数,be动词用are。故选C。
15.句意:对节约能源感兴趣的学生可以参加。
interest兴趣,名词单数;interested感兴趣的,修饰人;interesting有兴趣的,修饰物;interests兴趣,名词复数。be interested in“对……感兴趣”,固定搭配。故选B。
16.句意:每周有一次会议供所有成员讨论节电计划。
by通过;to到;in在……里;for为。根据“...all members to discuss electricity saving plan.”可知,空处表示“为所有成员开的会议”,需介词for。故选D。
17.句意:他们的工作是让更多的学生了解节电的重要性。
know知道,动词原形;knew动词过去式;knowing现在分词或动名词;to know动词不定式。let sb do sth.“让某人做某事”,固定搭配。故空处需动词原形。故选A。
18.句意:给每个学生一个节电任务。
To give给,动词不定式;Give动词原形;Given动词过去分词;Giving现在分词或动名词。根据上文“Create a student energy club at school.”以及“...each student an electricity saving task (任务).”可知,空处需与第一条建议句型一致,均为祈使句,故空处需动词原形。故选B。
19.句意:让一个学生在离开教室时关灯。
leave离开,动词原形;leaving现在分词或动名词;left动词过去式;leaves动词三单形式。根据“...one student...When...the classroom”可知,空处需现在分词,“when leaving the classroom”构成现在分词短语。故选B。
20.句意:让另一个学生在放学时关掉电脑。
the other两者中一个;others其他的人或物;another另一个;other其他的,其后跟名词。根据“Ask one student to turn off the lights when...the classroom. And ask ...student to turn off the computer at the end of the school day.”可知,空处指“另一个”,需another,强调与前一个学生不同。故选C。
21.句意:每个学生需要轮流做同样的任务。
the这个,表特指;a一个,用于辅音音素前;an一个,用于元音音素前;/指不填。the same表示“同样的”,固定用法。故选A。
22.句意:如果天气不是那么热,不要使用空调。
after在……后;before在……之前;if如果,是否;though虽然。分析空前后关系可知,空处表条件,需if“如果”引导条件状语从句。故选C。
23.句意:这可以帮助节省大量电力。
They他们,主格;It它,主格或宾格;Its它的;Them他们,宾格。分析句子成分可知,空处缺主语,需主格;且需指代“节约空调的方法”的代词It。故选B。
24.句意:节省电力并不难。
Save节省,动词原形;Saves动词三单形式;Saved动词过去式;Saving动名词或现在分词。分析句子成分可知,空处需动名词作主语。故选D。
25.句意:作为学生,我们应该尽力节约能源。
must必须;need需要;should应该;may可能。根据“As a student, we... try our best to save energy.”可知,我们应该尽力节约能源。故选C。
26.D 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.B 31.D 32.A 33.C 34.A 35.D
【导语】本文讲述了“敦煌女儿”樊锦诗的故事。
26.句意:当我们今天谈论它们,不难提到“敦煌女儿”——樊锦诗。
But但是;Or或者;Until直到;When当……时候。根据“we talk about them today, it’s not hard to mention the ‘Daughter of Dunhuang’—Fan Jinshi.”可知,这里表示当谈论壁画时就会提到樊锦诗。故选D。
27.句意:樊在上海长大。
of……的;in在某地;to到某地;out外面。根据“Fan grew up”可知,“grow up in +地点”表示“在某地长大”,是固定搭配。故选B。
28.句意:她决定尽可能地保护它们。
them宾格代词;theirs名词性物主代词;their形容词性物主代词;they主格代词。根据“The wall paintings there made Fan surprised. She decided to protect”可知,空格处位于动词之后,需用宾格代词。故选A。
29.句意:那时敦煌的生活很艰苦。
were过去式,主语是复数;are现在式,主语是复数;was过去式,是is和am的过去式;is现在式,主语是单数/不可数名词。根据“at that time”可知,时态是一般过去时,Life是单数,be动词用was,故选C。
30.句意:桌子、椅子和床都是泥做的。屋顶是纸做的,但没有什么可以浇灭樊对那个地方的热爱。
can能够;could可以;have to不得不;had to不得不。根据“The roof was made of paper,”可知,时态为过去,这里表示没有什么可以浇灭她的热爱。故选B。
31.句意:在过去的60年里,樊多次步行莫高窟。
will walk一般将来时;walks动词三单形式;walked动词过去式;has walked现在完成时。根据“Over the past 60 years”可知,时态是现在完成时,结构为“have/has+过去分词”,walk的过去分词是walked。故选D。
32.句意:樊策划并实施了莫高窟历史上最大的保护项目。
the定冠词;an不定冠词,用在元音音素前;a不定冠词,用在辅音音素前;/不填。根据“largest protection program in the history of the Mogao Grottoes.”可知,largest是形容词最高级,前面要加定冠词the。故选A。
33.句意:她还帮助举办了许多成功的当地艺术展览。
succeed成功,动词;success成功,名词;successful成功的,形容词;successfully成功地,副词。根据“exhibitions (展览) of local arts.”可知,这里修饰名词exhibitions,用形容词successful。故选C。
34.句意:只要我活着,我就会努力保护好它。
to protect保护,不定式;protect保护,动词原形;to grow成长,不定式;grow成长,动词原形。根据“As long as I’m alive, I will try”可知,这里是努力保护敦煌,try to do sth.表示“努力做某事”。故选A。
35.句意:她希望它的壁画将永远得到精心保护。
it主格代词;it’s主谓结构;itself反身代词;its物主代词。根据“paintings will always be carefully protected.”可知,这里修饰paintings,表示“它的”,用形容词性物主代词its。故选D。
36.A 37.C 38.C 39.B 40.A 41.C 42.D 43.C 44.D 45.B 46.A 47.C 48.C 49.D 50.C
【导语】36.句意:如果你把收集一些东西作为一种爱好,它可能是硬币、邮票或你感兴趣的东西。
something一些东西;anything任何东西;everything一切;nothing没有什么。根据“If you are collecting...as a hobby”可知,此处表示收集一些东西。故选A。
37.句意:如果你把收集东西作为一种爱好,它可能是硬币、邮票或你感兴趣的东西。
interest兴趣/使感兴趣,名词或动词;interests动词三单或名词复数;interested感兴趣的,形容词,修饰人;interesting有趣的,修饰物。根据“what you are...in”可知,此处用be interested in,表示“对……感兴趣”。故选C。
38.句意:孩子们可以从爱好中学到他们的未来工作技能。
they他们,主格;them他们,宾格;their他们的,形容词性物主代词;theirs他们的,名词性物主代词。根据“future work”可知,此处需用形容词性物主代词。故选C。
39.句意:如果一个孩子沉浸在一本好书中时,他或她甚至不用离开家就能发现一个全新的世界!
Because因为;If如果;When当……时;Although尽管。根据“...a child can lose himself or herself in a good book, he or she can find...whole new world without even leaving the house!”可知,空处所在句子表示条件,用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。
40.句意:当孩子沉浸在一本好书中时,他或她甚至不用离开家就能发现一个全新的世界!
a不定冠词,表示泛指,修饰辅音音素开头单词;an不定冠词,表示泛指,修饰元音音素开头单词;the特指;\不填。此处泛指一个全新的世界,且“whole”以辅音音素开头,故选A。
41.句意:据报道,阅读的人在学校工作和考试中比不阅读的人表现更好。
good好的,形容词;well好地,副词;better更好地,比较级;best最好地,最高级。根据“than”可知,此处用比较级。故选C。
42.句意:艺术和工艺也是教孩子们用自己的双手从无到有创造东西的重要性的好方法。
too也,用于肯定句末;either也不,用于否定句末;neither两者都不;also也,用于肯定句中。该句为肯定句,空处位于句中,故选D。
43.句意:艺术和工艺也是教孩子们用自己的双手从无到有创造东西的重要性的好方法。
important重要的,形容词;importantly重要地,副词;importance重要性,名词;more important更重要,比较级。根据“the...of”结构,此处需用名词,表示“……的重要性”。故选C。
44.句意:收藏是了解人和地方的绝佳方式。
learn学习,动词原形;learned过去式;learning动名词;to learn不定式。此处“a great way to learn”为固定搭配,表示“学习的好方法”。故选D。
45.句意:他们选择收集的任何东西可以变成一种教育体验、重要事件甚至所有的社交技能。
must必须;can可以;should应该;may可能。根据“Anything they choose to collect...be turned into an educational experience, important events and even all the social skills.”可知,此处表示“能够、可以”,故选B。
46.句意:这可能并不适合所有孩子,因为有些人天生比其他人更有音乐天赋。
others其他人,泛指;other其他的;the others剩余所有的人或物;another另一个。根据“some people are naturally more musical than...”可知,此处泛指“其他人”,故选A。
47.句意:但是如果你的孩子喜欢唱歌或跳舞,它们可以成为很棒的爱好。
And和;Or或者;But但是;So所以。根据上下文,此处表示转折关系。故选C。
48.句意:但是如果你的孩子喜欢唱歌或跳舞,它们可以成为很棒的爱好。
sing or dance唱歌或跳舞;to sing or dance不定式;singing or dancing动名词;singing or dance动名词和动词原形。根据“enjoy”可知,其后接动名词doing,且“singing or dancing”为并列结构。故选C。
49.句意:户外运动和室内游戏对促进孩子的全面发展有好处。
as作为;at在;with和;for为了。根据“are good...the complete development”可知,此处是be good for,表示“对……有好处”。故选D。
50.句意:户外运动和室内游戏对促进孩子的全面发展有好处。
children’s孩子们的,复数所有格;child孩子,单数;child’s孩子的,单数所有格;childs’错误形式。此处修饰名词单数“personality”,需用单数所有格。故选C。
51.B 52.C 53.B 54.C 55.A 56.B 57.C 58.C 59.A 60.A
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国历史上最伟大的诗人之一——杜甫。
51.句意:很少有人知道这个孩子长大后会成为中国历史上最伟大的诗人之一。
writer名词单数;writers名词复数;writers’名词复数的所有格。此处是“one of+the+最高级+名词复数”结构,故选B。
52.句意:他希望自己的诗能改变社会。
use动词原形;using动名词/现在分词;to use动词不定式。want to do sth“想要做某事”,故选C。
53.句意:杜甫是一个非常聪明的男孩,他喜欢学习。
the定冠词表特指;a泛指一个,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an泛指一个,用于元音音素开头的单词前。此处泛指一个男孩,“very”首字母发辅音音素,故选B。
54.句意:书成了小杜甫的好朋友。
become动词原形;becomes动词三单;became动词过去式。本句时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故选C。
55.句意:他年轻的时候也周游了中国,遇到了很多有趣的人。
interesting形容词,有趣的;interested形容词,感兴趣的;interest名词,兴趣。根据“He also traveled around China when he was young and met many...people.”可知,他遇到了很多有趣的人。故选A。
56.句意:杜甫长大后,曾想在政府里谋个职位,但没能成功。
and和;but但是;because因为。前后两句构成转折关系,用but连接,故选B。
57.句意:他的诗经常描写穷人的生活。
He他,主格;Him他,宾格;His他的,物主代词。此处作定语修饰“poems”,用形容词性物主代词,故选C。
58.句意:不幸的是,杜甫于770年去世,享年58岁。
in其后跟年、月、季节等;on其后加星期或具体到天的时间;at在。at the age of...“在……岁”,固定短语,故选C。
59.句意:他们是多么伤心啊!
How强调的中心词是形容词或副词;What强调的中心词是可数名词复数或不可数名词;What a强调的中心词是可数名词单数。本句强调的中心词是形容词“sad”,用“How+adj+主谓!”结构,故选A。
60.句意:时至今日,仍有许多人喜爱他的作品。
love一般现在时;will love一般将来时;are loving现在进行时。根据“today”可知,是一般现在时,故选A。
61.C 62.B 63.A 64.A 65.B 66.B 67.A 68.B 69.C 70.B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的端午节及其活动和吃粽子的习俗。
61. 句意:端午节在中国是一个有趣的节日。
a表示数量“一”,用于辅音音素开头的单词前面;the表示特指;an表示数量“一”,用于元音音素开头的单词前面。空后的festival是单数,表泛指,而interesting是以元音音素开头的单词,用an修饰。故选C。
62. 句意:它在今年的星期一,也就是中国农历五月初五。
at后跟具体时刻;on后跟具体某一天;in后跟某年某月某季节。根据“Monday this year”可知,此处应用介词on。故选B。
63. 句意:它在今年的星期一,也就是中国农历五月初五。
fifth第五;five五;fifteenth第十五。根据常识可知,端午节在农历五月初五。结合空前定冠词the可知,应用序数词,故选A。
64. 句意:屈原为了他对祖国的热爱而跳河。
jumped过去式;jumps动词第三人称单数;jump动词原形。根据“It is a story about a poet from more than 2,000 years ago.”可知,句子时态是一般过去时,此处应用动词过去式。故选A。
65. 句意:人们在河上划船寻找他。
boat单数名词;boats名词复数形式;boats’名词复数形式的所有格。结合主语People可知,此处应用名词复数形式作宾语。故选B。
66. 句意:观看比赛非常激动人心。
excite兴奋;exciting兴奋的(修饰物);excited兴奋的(修饰人)。根据“Watching the racing”可知,此处描述活动,应用exciting作表语。故选B。
67.句意:很多人喜欢和家人和朋友一起观看比赛。
watching动名词、现在分词;watch动词原形;to watch动词不定式。这里是短语enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事,故选A。
68. 句意:在船上,有些人划着船,有些人敲锣打鼓。
so所以;and和;but但是。根据“some people row the boat”可知,此处是指船上的一些活动,表示并列关系。故选B。
69. 句意:其中一个是舵手。
they主格;their他们的;them他们(宾格)。根据空前“One of”可知,此处应填代词宾格形式作宾语。故选C。
70.句意:吃粽子的习俗现在在朝鲜、韩国、日本和许多其他国家都很流行。
for对于;in在……里;of……的。根据“North and South Korea, Japan and many other countries.”可知,此处应填介词in,表示在其他国家。故选B。
71.A 72.C 73.A 74.B 75.B 76.A 77.B 78.B 79.C 80.C
【导语】本文介绍了山里的摆渡老师——王值军老师,多年来一直摇着小船接送山村孩子上学。
71.句意:于是,王买了一艘小船来帮助他的学生。
a不定冠词,表示泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表示泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表示特指。根据句意可知,此处表示泛指的一艘小船,空后的“small”是以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故选A。
72.句意:每天,他都会接孩子们去上学,然后用船送他们回家。
in在……里面;by通过;with用。根据空后的“his boat”可知,此处表示使用某种工具,with符合。故选C。
73.句意:有时,当天气不好或水位太高时,王会让孩子们和他一起留在学校。
stay停留,动词原形;staying停留,现在分词;to stay停留,不定式。let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”,固定词组。故选A。
74.句意:他们觉得这是他们的第二个家。
two二,基数词;second第二,序数词;the second第二,the+序数词。根据上文“Wang let the kids… with him at school”可知,此处指他们觉得学校是他们的第二个家,应用序数词;根据空前的“their”可知,此处不用定冠词。故选B。
75.句意:2017年,学校搬到了湖对面的地方,所以王可以开车去接大多数孩子。
will将来;could能够;must必须。根据“In 2017”可知,时态为一般过去时;根据句意可知,此处表示能够。故选B。
76.句意:但有些人仍然需要他的船过湖。
But但是;So所以;And和。根据空前后句的句意可知,此处句意发生了转折。故选A。
77.句意:王本可以有一份更好的工作,但他没有离开,因为他深爱着孩子们。
good好的,原级;better更好的,比较级;best最好的,最高级。根据“but he didn’t leave because of his deep love for the kids”可知,此处含有比较级的含义,应用better。故选B。
78.句意:他帮助村里的40多名学生上大学。
he他,人称代词主格;his他的,形容词性物主代词;him他,人称代词宾格。根据空后的名词“village”可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词形式。故选B。
79.句意:王的梦想是帮助更多的孩子们上大学,过上美好的生活。
child孩子,单数形式;child’s孩子的,所有格形式;children孩子们,复数形式。根据空前的“more”可知,此处应用复数形式。故选C。
80.句意:他也很高兴他的一些学生在大学毕业后成为教师,现在,在他们的村庄教书。
teach教,一般现在时;taught教,一般过去式;are teaching正在教,现在进行时。根据“now”可知,此处指现在正在进行的动作,应用现在进行时。故选C。
81.C 82.A 83.D 84.B 85.D 86.C 87.A 88.D 89.B 90.A
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者看到一头大象被细绳绑着却没有逃跑引发了他对生活的思考。
81.句意:有些人用绳子绑住了他的腿。
little少量的,后跟不可数名词;Much许多,后跟不可数名词;Some一些,后跟可数名词或不可数名词;Any一些,用于否定句和疑问句。该句为肯定句,修饰people应用some,故选C。
82.句意:大象可以轻易地挣脱绳子,但他没有。
could可以,能;should应该;must必须;need需要。根据“...break free from the rope easily, but he didn’t”可知,是指可以轻易地挣脱绳子,故选A。
83.句意:先生,你看,那头大象就站在那里。
stand站,动词原形;stands动词单三形式;stood动词过去式;is standing现在进行时。根据“look”可知,该句应用现在进行时“am/is/are+动词现在分词”,主语为“the big elephant”,be动词用is,故选D。
84.句意:在他很小的时候,我们就用同样的小绳子绑住他的腿。
If如果;When当……时;Though尽管;Because因为。根据“...he was very young, we used the same small rope to tie his legs”可知,这里指在他很小的时候,故选B。
85.句意:他试图逃跑,但因为太小而失败了。
or或者;so所以;and和;but但是。前后句表示转折关系,所以用转折连词but,故选D。
86.句意:现在大象已经很大了,但是它认为自己会再次失败,所以再也不尝试。
a不定冠词,表泛指,用在辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用在元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指;/不填。此处指前面提到的大象,表特指,应用定冠词the,故选C。
87.句意:那一刻,我知道我就像那头大象一样。
like像;with和……一起;for为了;from来自。根据“I was just...that elephant”可知,这里指自己就像那头大象一样,故选A。
88.句意:所以我告诉自己,永远不要停止尝试。
me我,宾格;my我的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词;myself我自己,反身代词。根据“I told...that I should...”可知,这里指告诉自己,故选D。
89.句意:从此以后,我喜欢尝试一切新事物,而且我的学习成绩很好。
good好的,形容词;well好地,副词;better更好;best最好。此处修饰动词应用副词,very后跟原级形式,故选B。
90.句意:你的尝试可能会失败,但永远不要停止尝试。
stop停止,动词原形;stops动词单三形式;stopped动词过去式;stopping动名词。此处与动词fail并列,应用动词原形,故选A。
91.A 92.C 93.B 94.A 95.B 96.C 97.B 98.A 99.C 100.A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ben在爷爷的帮助下通过自己的努力赢得了游泳比赛的故事。
91.句意:一天在学校,他的老师叫他参加游泳比赛。
to join动词不定式;joined加入,过去式或过去分词;joining现在分词或动名词。根据空前“asked him”可知,此处考查ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”,因此这里应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。
92.句意:本感到高兴但又担心,所以他去向他的爷爷求助。
go“去”,动词原形;goes动词三单形式;went过去式。根据上文“Ben felt happy but worried,”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,谓语动词应用过去式。故选C。
93.句意:它离他的学校有两公里远。
kilometer公里;kilometers公里,名词复数形式;kilometer’s名词所有格形式。根据空前基数词two可知,此处指从学校到爷爷家有两公里的距离,应用名词复数形式。故选B。
94.句意:当他到达那里时,他的爷爷给了他一个很棒的礼物——一个奖杯。
a表泛指,不定冠词,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an表泛指,不定冠词,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the表特指,定冠词。根据空后“great gift”可知,此处是指一个很棒的礼物,应用不定冠词表泛指,且great是以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a修饰。故选A。
95.句意:“哇!谢谢你,爷爷!”本高兴地说。
happy“高兴的”,形容词;happily“高兴地”,副词;happiness“高兴”,名词。根据空前“Ben said”可知,此处应用副词修饰动词said,在句中作状语。故选B。
96.句意:本早上六点起得很早。
in用于年、季节、月等词前;on用于具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上前;at用于具体的时刻前。根据空后“six”可知,此处是指早晨6点钟,应用介词at。故选C。
97.句意:他认为这会给他带来好运。
he“他”,人称代词主格;him“他”,人称代词宾格;his“他的”,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词。根据空前“bring good luck to”可知,此处是指给他带来好运,应用人称代词宾格作介词to的宾语。故选B。
98.句意:但在他开始最后一轮之前,本找不到奖杯。
find“找到”,动词原形;finds动词三单形式;finding现在分词或动名词。根据空前“couldn’t”可知,此处应用动词原形。故选A。
99.句意:你现在游得很快。
swims“游泳”,动词三单形式;swam过去式;are swimming现在进行时。根据空后“now”可知,句子时态为现在进行时,其结构为be doing。故选C。
100.句意:你可能认为奖杯帮你赢了,但我认为你赢得比赛是因为你尽了最大的努力。
because因为;so所以;or或者。根据“you won the race”和“you tried your best”可知,前后两句之间是因果关系,前果后因,应用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。
101.B 102.B 103.C 104.C 105.A 106.B 107.B 108.C 109.C 110.A
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种长得像树叶的昆虫——叶虫。
101.句意:它生活在南亚的森林里。
live动词原形;lives动词三单;living动名词。此句是一般现在时,根据It可知,动词用三单,故选B。
102.句意:在我国的一些地方,如福建、广东、广西和贵州,我们也可以找到它。
we我们,主格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ours名词性物主代词。此空修饰名词country,应填形容词性物主代词,故选B。
103.句意:这种昆虫很有趣,因为它可以假装是一片叶子。
interest兴趣;interested感兴趣的;interesting有趣的。is后接形容词作表语,修饰物用以ing为结尾的形容词,故选C。
104.句意:它看起来像一片叶子,所以人们很难发现它。
find动词原形;finding动名词;to find动词不定式。固定句式:It is+形容词+for sb to do sth“对于某人来说做某事是……的”,动词不定式作真正的主语,故选C。
105.句意:行走的叶子能以一种特殊的方式行走。
walk动词原形;walks动词三单;walking动名词。can是情态动词,后接动词原形,故选A。
106.句意:看起来真的很有趣。
look动词原形;looks动词三单;is looking现在进行时。此句是一般现在时,根据It可知,动词用三单,故选B。
107.句意:1660年,一位美国学者第一个发现了这些昆虫。
A一个,用于以辅音音素前;An一个,用于以元音音素前;The这个/那个。此处表示泛指,且American是以元音音素开头的,故选B。
108.句意:他非常喜欢它们。
they他们,主格;their他们的,形容词性物主代词;them他们,宾格。此空谓语动词loved后,应填宾格作宾语,故选C。
109.句意:他在笔记本上记下了他所看到的。
write动词原形;writes动词三单;wrote动词过去式。根据saw可知,此句是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故选C。
110.句意:下次当你在森林里的时候,不要走得太快。
don’t不,助动词原形;didn’t不,动词过去式;aren’t不是。此处是祈使句的否定形式,应用don’t+动词原形,故选A。
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