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题型过关第5讲 书面表达
【思路】
①审好题
仔细审查所给的内容提示（包括文字和图表等），明确要求写的内容，确定文章的体裁、人称、时态等，理顺思路，确定主旨。
②看要点，写片段
对于易于表达的内容，一次成句；对于一时难于表达的内容，写出词组。此时，既注意不遗漏内容要点，也不要随意添加任何内容。
【步骤】
①定句型，连词成句
这个环节是成文的关键，一定要注意做到：
（1）选用比较有把握的词汇，用恰当的句型写出确切反映内容要求的句子。在熟悉的基础上，鼓励多用高级词汇和结构复杂的复杂句。如表达“为了……”时，可用in order to do 或 so as to do.也可用so that引导目的状语从句。
（2）写出的句子要达意，完整，语法正确，合乎习惯，特别是句式、谓语动词形式要有根有据。
（3）表达限定的内容有困难时，就要想到“All roads lead to Rome.”（条条大路通罗马）这句话，用变通的方法，以达到“曲径通幽”。如要译“他表哥外强中干”这样一句话，表达起来似乎很难，但我们完全可以通过学过的东西将这句话明白贴切地表达出来：His cousin looks strong but in fact, he is rather weak.
（4）尽量避免使用汉语式的英语。例如要表达“她睡得很迟”，不可写成：She slept very late.应该写成：She went to bed very late.因为“sleep late”表示“睡懒觉”。又如要表达“他一点都不担心他的英语”，不可写成：He is not a little worried about his English.实际上意思完全相反，表达成“他非常担心他的英语”了。应该是：He is not a bit worried about his English. 或：He is not worried about his English at all.
②连词成句，添减相宜
单句写出后，根据短文的内容要求，确定先写什么，后写什么，按照表述内容的情节发展和实际需要，重新排列组合已写成的句子，划分必要的段落，一般分成三段。
即：文章的开头（Introduction）、文章的主体(Main body)和文章的结尾(Conclusion).这样写成文章的初稿。在连词成句的过程中，还要注意以下几点：
（1）句子或段落间的连接不仅仅是个语言问题，也是个逻辑思维方面的问题，这两者是不能分开的。能注意到这一点，你的文章就能达到条理清楚、层次分明的境界。
（2）为了使句子或段落语义连贯，表达合理准确，可以适当加入一些连接词语。如表达转折可用but, however, otherwise等，表达递进可用and, also, besides, What’s more等，表达因果so, therefore, as a result等，表达对比可用at the same time, mean while，while等，表达让步可用though, although, even if等。有时还需要加入一些必要的过渡句子以达到承上启下的效果。
（3）仔细推敲在文章的哪些地方可用复杂句。切忌生搬硬套，给人一种为了用复杂句而用复杂句的感觉。要用得自然、得体。要顺应行文的需要，与整个文章浑然一体。
③检查，修改，定稿，誊写
检查修改是进一步减少疏漏提高质量的最后程序，这时要对照题目要求，认真检查以下几点：
（1）内容有无遗漏或误词，最好一一对应检查。
（2）体裁格式对不对。
（3）句子是否有语法结构错误，特别要检查句子中的冠词、代词、名词复数、动词的时态、语态、主谓一致等方面是否有错误。
（4）句子是否合乎英语表达习惯，是否达意。
（5）书写字迹和标点符号是否规范清晰，词数是否基本上符合要求。经过认真修改润色的短文，即可认真工整地誊写在指定的卷面上。抄好后再速读一遍，力求完美。
一、同步专练
1．请根据以下内容提示，以“How to save water at home”为题，写一篇不少于70词的短文。
提示：
1. take a shower; instead of; less water
2. pour
3. leave the tap on; save a lot of water
4. water plants with used water; make full use of
How to save water at home
Water is very valuable. It is important for us to save water. How to save water at home
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．2025年入夏以来，耗电量增大，浪费加剧。为了节能环保，深圳呼吁市民养成节约能源的习惯，你是学生会主席，请你根据下面的内容要点，以“let’s save energy”为题，写一篇短文。
要点：1. 能源的重要性；
2. 能源浪费的现象（至少两种）；
3. 我们该怎样节约能源（至少两种）。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．榜样具有良好的感染力！某英文报举办以“身边的榜样”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍你身边的一位榜样以及你欣赏他或她的理由。
参考词汇：role model, hard-working, helpful, solve problems
要求：
1.语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；
2.词数：不少于70。(开头已给出，但不计入总词数)
Role models make a difference to us.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4．学校将举办英语作文比赛，请根据表格信息，以“My life in the future”为题，写一篇英语短文，分享你对未来的憧憬。
工作 成为一名医生。将努力工作，帮助病人。(patients)
住处 公寓，小，不能养宠物。
活动 1. 每周锻炼来保持健康。 2. 空闲时，将和家人看电视，为家人做美食；周末，邀请朋友在家里举办聚会。
城市 将住在上海，因为……。如果有时间将会周游世界。
梦想 长大后想成为……，因为……。 将努力学习以实现梦想。
要求：
1. 书写认真规范，词数不少于 80 词；
2. 短文应包括表格内容，可自主发挥，语句通顺，行文连贯；
3. 文中不得出现自己的真实姓名和校名。
My life in the future
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
二、真题链接
5．现如今越来越多的青少年愿意走进博物馆去寻找历史的足迹。假如上周六 (6月22日)，你参观了国家博物馆 (National Museum)，并认识了一个新朋友。请根据以下提示写一篇日记，介绍你的博物馆之旅。
提示：weather; traffic; friend; activity; feeling
要求：1.文中必须包括所有要点，并适当发挥；
2．词数80左右；开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Saturday, June 22nd Cloudy
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6．现在是下午四点钟，你们学校正在上自主活动课。学生们可以根据自己的兴趣爱好，选择自己喜欢的课程或活动。下面的表格中列举了你和你的同学们正在进行的一些活动。请你根据表格中的内容提示，写一篇词数70左右的短文，介绍一下自主活动课上的情况。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Frank and Mike play chess
Peter play soccer
Cindy sing and dance
Jeff and Eric make a model plane
You practice speaking English
It’s four o’clock in the afternoon. We’re doing our favorite things at school now.
Look! _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7．童话故事是世界文学宝库中的常青树，一直深受青少年的喜爱。你读过哪些童话故事？请你以“My favourite story”为题，讲述一下令你印象最深刻的一个童话故事。
内容包括：
1. 故事的名称；
2. 故事中的人物；
3. 故事情节；
4. 你对故事的评价。
要求：
1. 短文需包含上述内容，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 词数 70 左右（开头已为你写好，不计入总词数）。
My favourite story
I love reading and I have read many books. My favourite story is
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8．今年端午节，Sam在漳州过了一个很特别的节日。他想写信给好朋友Henry，和他分享这快乐的一天。请结合下面要点提示，完成这封信，词数80左右。
写作要点：
1. 上午：在朋友家做粽子，听故事；
2. 中午：吃粽子……
3. 下午：看龙舟赛
4. 感受……
Dear Henry,
How are you doing On June 14th, it was the Dragon Boat Festival in China. I had a Special day here.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope all is well with you!
Yours,
Sam
9．“帮助他人，快乐自己”是第一中学夏悦同学的生活理念，每个周末她都在自己生活的小区里帮助老人们做一些事情。假如你是夏悦，请根据下面的表格信息写一篇英语短文，介绍自己周日做的事情。
时间 做的事情
周日上午 帮李奶奶买菜，包饺子。帮王爷爷做饭。
周日下午 帮刘爷爷打扫卫生。
提示词：weekend周末；make做；dumpling饺子；do some cleaning打扫卫生
写作要求：
1. 文中必须包含所有提示要点，并适当发挥；
2. 条理清晰，字迹工整，不少于60词；
3. 文中不得出现真实人名和地名等相关信息。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案
1．例文：
How to save water at home
Water is very valuable. It is important for us to save water. How to save water at home
First, we should take a shower instead of taking a bath, because it uses less water. Next, ask your family members not to pour waste water into rivers. Dirty water may pollute rivers. Then, don’t leave the tap on when you brush your teeth. In this way we can save a lot of water. Finally, remember to water plants with used water. It can make full use of water.
【总体分析】①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要求中已给出的单词，考生应充分利用。
【写作步骤】第一步，表明写作意图，表达节约用水的重要性；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从淋浴，阻止废水排入江河，刷牙关闭水龙头，用用过的水给植物浇水等方面介绍节约用水的方法；
第三步，书写结语。提出倡议，呼吁大家节约用水。
【亮点词汇】①instead of代替，而不是
②pour sth. into sth.把某物倒入某物
③make full use of充分利用
【高分句型】①First, we should take a shower instead of taking a bath, because it uses less water.（because引导原因状语从句）
②Then, don’t leave the tap on when we brush the teeth.（when引导时间状语从句）
2．例文：
Let’s Save Energy
Electricity plays a huge part in our lives. It lights up the dark, powers our TVs and fridges, and helps us in many ways. However, many people pay little attention to saving it. Some forget to turn off lights when leaving a room, and others keep electrical appliances on standby for hours.
Saving electricity matters. It helps reduce the use of limited resources, allowing them to last longer. To save electricity, there are many things we can do. At home, we should use energy-efficient appliances and LED lights. Remember to turn off all devices when they aren’t in use. Also, use natural light whenever possible. When out, don’t leave chargers plugged in at public charging stations.
Let’s all start saving electricity right away. Our small actions can make a big difference and create a better future!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，点明主题，表明能源的重要性；
第二步，先阐述能源浪费的现象，再提出具体的节约能源的建议；
第三步，总结全文，呼吁节约能源。
[亮点词汇]
①play a huge part in在……中起重要作用
②light up照亮
③pay attention to注意
④make a big difference产生很大影响
[高分句型]
Remember to turn off all devices when they aren’t in use. (when引导的时间状语从句)
3．例文
Role models make a difference to us. My mother is my role model. She is hard- working. Every day she gets up very early and goes to bed late. She is not only busy with her work but also takes good care of our family. What’s more, she is very helpful to others. When people around her have some difficulties, she’s always ready to help them to solve problems. All the people like her.
I’m lucky to have such a good mother. I love her and I will learn from her. She makes me know the importance of working hard. I will work hard and try my best to help others.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。根据文章已给出的开头，引出“我”的榜样；
第二步，具体阐述母亲作为“我”的榜样的原因；
第三步，书写结语，表达自己的期望。
[亮点词汇]
①make a difference产生影响
②get up起床
③not only…but also不仅……而且
④take care of照顾
[高分句型]
When people around her have some difficulties, she’s always ready to help them to solve problems. (when引导的时间状语从句)
4．例文：
My life in the future
Life in the future is colorful. Everyone wants to know their future, but nobody knows it. I hope my life in the future will be like that. In the future, I want to be a doctor. I will work hard to help patients. I plan to live in a small apartment. Although the apartment is too small to keep pets, I will still enjoy living there. I will do some exercise to keep healthy every week. In my free time, I will watch TV with my family and I will cook delicious food for my family. At weekends, I will invite frinds to have parties at my home. I will live in Shanghai. There will be less pollution in the future. So it will be more famous and more beautiful. If I have much free time, I will travel around the world.
My dream is to become a great doctor when I grow up. I want to save people’s lives and make them happy. To achieve this, I will study hard and never give up.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，属于材料作文；
②时态：时态主要为“一般将来时”；
③提示：写作提示已给出，特别注意不要遗漏需要自行补充的内容，可适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍自己未来的工作、住所以及日常活动内容；
第二步，介绍自己的梦想以及如何实现梦想。
[亮点词汇]
①keep healthy保持健康
②in one’s free time在某人的空闲时间
③at weekends在周末
④grow up长大
⑤give up放弃
[高分句型]
①There will be less pollution in the future.（there be句型）
②If I have much free time, I will travel around the world.（if引导的条件状语从句）
5．例文
Saturday, June 22nd Cloudy
Today is Saturday. The weather was sunny. I visited the National Museum. The museum is about three kilometers from my home. It took me 15 minutes to get there by bus. In the museum, I met a new friend. Her name is Maria. She is 13. She has long blond hair and big eyes. She is also very outgoing. We talked a lot about things in the museum. In addition, I took a lot of photos in the museum and learned about the history of the old objects. It was a very happy day.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇日记；
② 时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③ 提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍哪天，天气如何，去了哪里；
第二步，具体介绍当天的经历；
第三步，进行总结。
[亮点词汇]
①by bus 乘坐公共汽车
②talk a lot about 关于……谈了很多
③In addition 此外
[高分句型]
In addition, I took a lot of photos in the museum and learned about the history of the old objects. (并列结构)
6．例文
It’s four o’clock in the afternoon. We’re doing our favorite things at school now.
Look! Frank and Mike are playing chess. Peter likes sports. He’s playing soccer with his friends. Where’s Cindy She’s singing and dancing in the music room. What about Jeff and Eric They’re making a model plane. And me I’m practicing speaking English with my English teacher.
We are having a good time.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“现在进行时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍下午四点同学们正在学校做最喜欢的事情；
第二步，具体阐述同学们正在进行的一些活动；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①practice doing sth练习做某事
②have a good time玩得开心
[高分句型]
①We are having a good time. (现在进行时态)
7．例文
My favourite story
I love reading and I have read many books. My favourite story is The Three Little Pigs.
There were three little pigs in the story. They built their own houses. The first pig built a straw house. The second pig built a house with wood. The third pig built a brick house. Then a wolf hit the straw house and the wooden house. But he couldn’t break down the brick house because it was too strong.
This is my favourite story because it is interesting and it teaches us to be hard-working.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接已给的开头，介绍故事的名称；
第二步，介绍故事中的人物以及主要情节；
第三步，介绍自己对故事的评价。
[亮点词汇]
①one’s own某人自己的
②break down损坏，捣毁
③teach sb. to do sth.教某人做某事
[高分句型]
①But he couldn’t break down the brick house because it was too strong.(because引导原因状语从句)
8．例文
Dear Henry,
How are you doing On June 14th, it was the Dragon Boat Festival in China. I had a special day here. At 9:00 am, I went to my Chinese friend, Li Hua’s home. She was making zongzi with her parents, so I learned to make it too. It was a little difficult but interesting. And Li Hua’s grandparents told us some stories about Qu Yuan. At about 12 o’clock, we had zongzi and some delicious food for lunch. After that, Li Hua’s brother played some magic tricks for us. At about 3 o’clock, we went to a park to watch a dragon boat race. It was so wonderful that I want to share it with you. I had a great time on that day. I hope you can enjoy the festival one day.
I hope all is well with you!
Yours,
Sam
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇书信作文；
②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主；
③提示：应注意题干给出的要点并适当补充，使文章内容充实。
[写作步骤]
第一步，文章已给开头，引出主题；
第二步，详细描述如何过的端午节以及自己的感受；
第三步，书写结语，祝福对方。
[亮点词汇]
①go to a park去公园
②have a great time玩得开心
[高分句型]
I hope you can enjoy the festival one day. (省略that的宾语从句)
9．例文
Hi, I am Xia Yue. I like helping other people. Every weekend I always help the old people in our neighborhood. Last Sunday morning, I helped Grandma Li buy some vegetables in the supermarket. Then I helped her make dumplings at home. I help Grandpa Wang make meals. In the afternoon I helped Grandpa Liu do some cleaning. In the evening I felt very tired, but I was very happy.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：主要时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示内容中“提示信息”的要求均要一一阐述，适当发挥。
[写作步骤]
第一步：表明写作意图。借用“我喜欢帮助他人。”来引出重点介绍的内容。
第二步：具体阐述写作内容。依照提示信息的要点——周日上午和下午所做的事情等均要一一阐述。
第三步：书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事
②make dumplings包饺子
③do some cleaning打扫卫生
[高分句型]
①Then I helped her make dumplings at home. (help sb. do sth.的用法）
②In the evening I felt very tired, but I was very happy. (but表转折)
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页

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