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Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
Section A What can plants and animals do
Grammar Focus 3a-3c
01
02
03
04
教学目标
通过语法表格，引导学生逐步全面掌握最高级的内容。
引导学生观察与翻译，培养其独立思考和发散性性思维，变被动学习为主动学习。
引导与培养学生使用最高级，从而更清楚地表达需求。
能够根据学习目标和个人情况，选择适合的学习策略，如多观察，多反思；多记笔记，多背诵等。
教学重难点
01
02
能够通过表格活动，引导学生掌握最高级的内容；
能够根据学习目标和个人情况，选择适合的学习策略。
如何引导学生观察，培养其独立思考和发散性性思维；
如何引导学生使用最高级，加强语法记忆巩固。
Grammar Focus
3a-3c
Section A
01
Watch the video
1
Lead-in
Part 1. Question
What does this video talk about
World's Records
Part 2. Think and say
Can you express these world's records in one sentence
●Mount Everest is the highest mountain on Earth, standing at an elevation of 8848.86 meters.
●The Nile River is the longest river in the world, meandering across the deserts of North Africa for 6650 kilometers.
●The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world, covering an area of nearly 9 million square kilometers.
●Blue whales are the largest animals on Earth, reaching lengths of over 30 meters and weighing up to 180 tons, gracefully moving through the deep sea.
●The Mariana Trench is the deepest place in the world's oceans, plunging to a depth of 10994 meters and challenging humanity's exploration of extreme environments.
●The Great Wall is the longest man-made structure in the world, spanning
21196 kilometers and bearing thousands of years of history and culture.
2
Presentation
Part 1. Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
3a
Translate all the sentences.
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
2
Presentation
Part 2. Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
3a
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
Question: Which parts of speech (词性) have superlative forms
最高级
the superlative
adjective 形容词
adverb 副词
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
形容词
形容词
副词
形容词
形容词
形容词
2
Presentation
Part 3. Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
3a
Do you know the rules
音节
是否是规则变化
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
双音节heavy最高级
双音节useful的最高级
单音节large最高级
单音节big最高级
单音节fast最高级
三音节interest的最高级
不规则变化呢？
形容词和副词的最高级的构成
(1) 规则变化
构成方法 原级 比较级
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，最高级词尾加-est tall; short; fast tallest；shortest；fastest
以字母e结尾的词，最高级词尾加-st large; late largest；latest
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，然后最高级词尾加-est big; fat; thin biggest；fattest；thinnest
以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的双音节词，先把y改为i，然后最高级词尾加-est easy; heavy; early easiest；heaviest；earliest
多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加most构成最高级 beautiful; popular most beautiful；most popular
(2) 不规则变化
原级 比较级 例句
good(形容词) / well(副词) best She is the best student in the class.
He plays the piano best among us.
bad(形容词) / badly(副词) worst This is the worst movie I've ever seen.
She performed worst in the competition.
many(形容词) / much(副词) most This is the most interesting book I've read.
She works most efficiently in the team.
little(形容词/副词 ) least He has the least experience in this field.
She speaks English the least fluently among us.
far(形容词/副词 ) farthest (具体距离的远近) The moon is the farthest celestial body we can see.
He threw the ball farthest in the competition.
furthest (抽象意义的深远) This theory goes to the furthest extent of human imagination.
She has thought furthest about the future of AI.
2
Presentation
Part 4. Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
3a
Pay attention to the red words
最高级有范围？
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
Yes！
in
+ 范围
This is the biggest city in China.
He was the youngest player in the team.
表示 “在…… 范围内”，后接大范围（如地点、组织、时间阶段等）。
of + 具体成员/同类事物
She is the most talented of all the students.
This apple is the sweetest of the five.
形容词和副词的最高级的范围
表示 “在…… 中”，后接具体的人或事物（复数名词 / 集合名词），强调从同类中选出 “最……” 的个体。
among + 同类群体
He is the richest man among the billionaires.
Which is the smallest among these birds
强调 “在…… 群体中”，后接复数名词或代词，可与 of 互换，但 among 更侧重 “在多者之间” 的分布感。
out of
+ 明确范围
She scored the highest marks out of all candidates.
This song is my favorite out of his new album.
表示 “从…… 中”，后接明确的复数名词或代词，常用于强调 “从某一特定范围中选出”。
用定语从句修饰先行词，明确比较范围。例句：
This is the most exciting movie that I have ever seen.
翻译：这是我看过的最激动人心的电影。
范围：我看过的所有电影（通过定语从句 that I have ever seen 限定）。
He is the kindest person whom I have met in my life.
翻译：他是我一生中遇到过的最善良的人。
范围：我一生中遇到的人（通过定语从句 whom I have met in my life 限定）。
范围拓展
（1）定语从句
（2）状语从句（隐含范围）
通过条件或比较状语从句间接限定范围。例句：
You can choose the best gift if you look through all the shops.
翻译：如果你逛遍所有商店，就能选出最好的礼物。
范围：所有商店里的礼物（通过条件状语从句 if you look through all the shops 隐含范围）。
She works hardest when compared with her colleagues.
翻译：和同事相比时，她工作最努力。
范围：同事群体（通过比较状语从句 when compared with her colleagues 限定）。
2
Presentation
Part 5. Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
3a
Pay attention to the underlined words
one of 结构
Well, I think moss is one of the oldest plants.
Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings.
Well, bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants.
Also, it’s one of the most useful plants in the world.
one of + 限定词 + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词。表示 “最…… 的…… 之一”，强调在同类事物中属于某一特定群体。
【注意】形容词最高级前必须加 the，但当最高级前有物主代词（如 my, our）或其他限定词时，the 省略。
例如：
(1) 形容词最高级前必须加 the（无物主代词等限定词时）
She is one of the most talented singers in the world.
她是世界上最有才华的歌手之一。
结构拓展
one of 结构
(2) 当最高级前有物主代词（my/our/his/her/their 等）或其他限定词时，省略 the。
He is one of my best friends. 他是我最好的朋友之一。
That book is one of their most popular works.
那本书是他们最受欢迎的作品之一。
This is one of these largest companies in the industry.
这是该行业中这些最大的公司之一。
She is one of Tom’s closest colleagues.
她是汤姆最亲密的同事之一。
2
Presentation
Part 6. Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
3a
Let’s review! Do you remember these sentences
You play the Chinese flute better than anyone else in our music club.
你吹中国笛子比我们音乐俱乐部里的任何人都好。(你吹的最好)
I love playing sports more than anything. 我最喜欢运动。
比较级表达最高级
回忆
比较级表示最高级的用法
当句子中出现 (more) than + 比较范围（如 anything, anyone, any other...） 时，常隐含最高级含义。
例如：He runs faster than anyone in his class.
他比班上任何人都跑得快 → 他是班上跑得最快的。
This movie is more moving than any other I’ve seen.
这部电影比我看过的任何一部都感人 → 这是我看过的最感人的电影。
3
Practice
Part 1. Complete the sentences with the superlative forms of the words in brackets.
3b
1. Among all animals, I love pandas the best. I think they are _________ (cute) animals in the world.
2. Which do you think is __________________ (beautiful), the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower
3. Look at that butterfly! It has __________________(colourful) wings.
4. Which animal jumps ___________ (high), the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog
5. The elephant birds were ___________ (large) and _________ (heavy) birds ever on earth. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg.
the cutest
the most beautiful
the most colourful
(the) highest
the largest
heaviest
Part 2. Complete the passage with the superlative forms of the words in the box.
3c
ancient beautiful common good popular
The ginkgo tree is one of ________________ living trees on earth. Ginkgo trees first appeared over 200 million years ago. Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life. Many Chinese believe that the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is ____________________. This tree is over 1,400 years old. Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is _____________ time to see it. The ginkgo tree is one of __________________ trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China. When autumn comes, one of _____________ activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart.
the most ancient
the most beautiful
the best
the most common
the most popular
4
Production
Make sentences: The first student makes a sentence using the superlative form of an adjective, for example, "She is the most beautiful girl in our class." Then the next student has to start a new sentence with the last letter of the superlative-form adjective in the previous sentence, and so on.
Game time!
For example
She is the most beautiful girl in our class.（l 结尾）
This is the longest river I've ever seen.（g 结尾）
That's the biggest apple on the tree.（g 结尾）
He is the smartest boy in the grade.（t 结尾）
It is the hottest day of this month.（t 结尾 ）
Exercise
Section A
02
Exercise-翻译题
1. 非洲玫瑰是这片土地上最鲜艳的花朵之一。（one of 结构）
African roses are one of the most colorful flowers on this land.
2. 蝴蝶的翅膀是自然界中最轻盈的结构之一。（among）
Butterfly wings are among the lightest structures in nature.
3. 她是班上所有学生中最高的女孩。（of+同类事物）
She is the tallest girl of all the students in the class.
4. 荷花池是公园里最宁静的角落。（in+范围）
The lotus pond is the quietest corner in the park.
What are the benefits of using superlative degrees in daily life
It helps us describe differences more clearly, like "My schoolbag is the heaviest in the class."
Summary
Section A
03
Summary
New words
land; African; rose; peony; lotus; butterfly; wing; frog; weigh; kg; ginkgo; province; take a walk
the superlatives
Grammar
(1) 形容词和副词一般具有最高级结构
(2) 最高级的构成：①单音节、双音节、多音节；②规则变化和不规则变化
(3) 最高级的范围：①in+范围；②of+具体成员/同类事物；③among + 同类群体；
④out of + 明确范围；⑤ 定语从句与状语从句
(4) one of 结构
(5) 比较级表达最高级
Homework
04
Section A
Homework
Summarize the rules and usage of the superlatives.
It will be checked in the next class.
SEE YOU NEXT CLASS!

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