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【核心考点集训】2025春人教版英语八年级下册期末复习学案
题型过关第3讲 阅读理解
阅读前
- 快速浏览标题和首尾段：标题往往是文章的核心概括，首尾段通常包含文章的主旨大意或重要观点，能让你对文章有初步的整体认识。
阅读中
（1）扫读全文：快速浏览文章，了解文章的体裁、结构和大致内容，明确各段落的主题句，一般主题句多在段首或段尾。
（2）精读细节：带着问题有针对性地在文中寻找答案。注意文中的关键词、数字、日期、人名、地名等重要信息，这些往往是解题的关键。
（3）猜测词义：遇到生词不要慌张，可通过上下文的语境、句子结构以及构词法等来猜测词义。比如根据“un -”“dis -”等否定前缀或“-less”等否定后缀来判断词义。
答题时
（1）主旨大意题：通常可从文章的标题、首尾段以及各段主题句中归纳总结得出。选项中过于具体或片面的内容一般不是正确答案。
（2）细节理解题：根据题干中的关键词，在文中找到对应的信息句，仔细对比选项与原文的表述，注意细节上的差异，如时态、数量、程度等。
（3）推理判断题：这类题不能直接从文中找到答案，需要根据文章提供的信息进行合理的推断。要注意选项不能过度推理，要基于原文内容。
（4）词义猜测题：除了利用上下文语境和构词法外，还可将选项代入文中，看哪个选项能使句子意思通顺、符合逻辑。
答题后
（1）检查答案：将答案代入原文，检查是否符合文章逻辑和作者意图，确保所选答案在语法和语义上都正确。
（2）复查细节：对于一些细节题，再次确认答案是否准确，是否遗漏了关键信息。
（1）
A taxi hit a truck. A policeman spoke to the truck driver and the taxi driver. He also spoke to Tom. He was a witness. This is what they said.
TRUCKDRIVER I was driving from the airport to Newton. A car crossed the road, so I slowed down. I did not stop. A taxi hit the back of my truck. Nobody was seriously hurt but both my truck and his taxi were damaged (受损害).
TAXI DRIVER I was driving behind a truck a few kilometers to Newton. The truck stopped suddenly. The driver did not give me a warning. I was driving very slowly. My taxi hit the truck, and some glass cut my left hand.
Tom I was watching the traffic about a kilometer from the airport. A truck was going to Newton. It was not going very quickly. There was a taxi about two hundred meters behind the truck. It was going fast. When the truck slowed down, the taxi hit it. The taxi driver was not looking at the truck. He was looking out of the window at something else. My friend saw the accident, too. Tom’s friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.
1．How many people are mentioned in the passage
A．Three. B．Two. C．Four. D．Five
2．The truck was hit on the way ________.
A．to the airport B．to the police station C．to Newton D．home
3．From the story, we can infer (推断) that ________ didn’t tell the truth.
A．the truck driver B．Tom C．Tom’s friend D．the taxi driver
4．The underlined word “witness” means “ ________ ” in Chinese.
A．记录员 B．目击者 C．检查员 D．陪审团
5．What’s the best title for this passage
A．A Traffic Accident B．A Taxi Driver C．A Story of Tom D．A Truck Driver
（2）
Helping others is a great thing to do. Here is some voluntary work for you.
Hospital Volunteers Wanted Are you interested in being a doctor or a nurse We need three volunteers at Sunshine Hospital. You have to be 16 or older to volunteer. If you are available on Saturday, e-mail sshvolunteer @.
Welcome to Loving Animal Shelter Do you love animals Do you want to be an animal doctor We need five weekend volunteers. As an animal shelter volunteer, you must be at least sixteen years old. You'll spend lots of time cleaning up the animals and feeding them. If you can join us, call us at 724-8839 for more information.
Soup Kitchen Needs Volunteers Are you interested in helping the homeless Consider(考虑) volunteering at Soup Kitchen. You need to help give out food to the homeless, and clean up plates. If you are over seventeen and can work for us on weekends, please call Miss Green at 232-5347.
City Library Needs Volunteers Do you love being around books You can consider being a library volunteer if you're over 13. Your job is to help visitors use the computer or help younger students with their homework. Check out the City Library website for more information.
6．How many volunteers does Sunshine Hospital need
A．3. B．5. C．16. D．17.
7．What do volunteers at Loving Animal Shelter need to do
A．Do some cleaning. B．Walk the animals.
C．Buy food for animals. D．Play with animals.
8．How can Mark help the homeless
A．By calling 724-8839.
B．By calling 232-5347.
C．By e-mailing sshvolunteer @.
D．By visiting City Library website.
9．Where can 15-year-old Susan volunteer
A．At Soup Kitchen. B．At City Library.
C．At Sunshine Hospital. D．At Loving Animal Shelter.
10．Where is this passage most probably from
A．A school newspaper. B．A storybook.
C．A travel guide. D．A science report.
（3）
Do teenagers in small villages do chores at home How about the teenagers in big cities Here is a survey. We asked 4,000 teenagers in China several questions. Half of them come from big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. The others are from small villages. We made a diagram (图表) of the result of our survey. Let’s have a look at it. We found out that teenagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities. Maybe it is because they live a harder life. Our advice to parents in big cities is that parents should give their children some chores to do. Doing chores teaches teenagers to take care of themselves.
Chores 2,000 teenagers in small villages 2,000 teenagers in big cities
take out the rubbish 1,600 1,000
sweep the floor 1,200 850
make the bed 1,400 750
do the dishes 1,100 600
fold the clothes 900 1,500
11．Why do the teenagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities
A．Maybe it is because the teenagers from villages live a harder life.
B．Maybe it is because the teenagers from villages like doing chores.
C．Maybe it is because the parents of the teenagers from big cities don’t need them to do it.
D．Maybe it is because the parents of the teenagers from villages always ask their kids to do it.
12．How many teenagers from small villages did they ask in the survey
A．1,000. B．2,000. C．3,000. D．4,000.
13．Which kind of chores do most teenagers in small villages do
A．Making the bed. B．Sweeping the floor.
C．Doing the dishes. D．Taking out the rubbish.
14．How many teenagers in big cities sweep the floor
A．600. B．750. C．850. D．1,000.
15．Why did they make the survey
A．Because they don’t want teenagers in China to do chores at home.
B．Because they wanted to know if teenagers in China do chores at home.
C．Because they thought it’s not necessary for teenagers to look after themselves.
D．Because they thought it would help teenagers to do chores at home to take good care of themselves.
（4）
Giant PandasWhere they live: Mainly in Sichuan, also in Shanxi and Gansu. Why they are in danger: They don’t have enough food. They don’t give birth to many babies. Fun facts: A new baby panda is as small as a mouse. Pandas spend almost the whole day eating. But they only take in 20% of what they eat. Pandas poop (排便) over 12 times a day. Pandas have been on the earth for about 3 million years. Siberian Tigers (东北虎)Where they live: Northeastern China and Russia. Why they are in danger: People hunt them and destory their habitat (栖息地). Baby tigers are weak and often die early. Fun facts: A father tiger always leaves his family without saying goodbye. Then the mother tiger takes care of the babies. She is very careful. She hides her babies when she goes out hunting, and takes a different way home.
16．Where do giant pandas live
A．In Sichuan and Guangdong.
B．In Shanxi and Guangxi.
C．In Northeastern China and Russia.
D．In Sichuan, Shanxi and Gansu.
17．Which animal is as small as a new baby panda
A．B．C．D．
18．How many times do pandas poop a day
A．Three times. B．Ten times.
C．More than 12 times. D．Over 20 times.
19．Where do Siberian Tigers live
A．In Southeastern China and Russia.
B．In Northeastern China and Russia.
C．In China and Northeastern Russia.
D．In China and Southeastern Russia.
20．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Giant pandas have enough food.
B．Baby tigers are very strong.
C．A father tiger always hides his babies when he goes out hunting.
D．The mother tiger takes care of the baby tigers.
（5）
The loveliest house that I have ever lived in is Crosslands. I lived there with my grandparents
when I was a child.
The house seemed so huge to me as a child. And it had a lovely living room with a piano in it. And there was a strange room. It was the drawing room. We only used it on Sundays, or when visitors came for tea. There was the best furniture in it but it was covered with sheets—it was as if all the furniture wore clothes. We couldn’t enjoy this beautiful furniture.
I went back to the house a few weeks ago. It has changed a lot. My uncle has modernized (使……现代化) it inside, and taken away the lovely furniture. And he has knocked a wall down so the drawing room and the living room have become one big room.
Although it becomes modern, its old style is the most beautiful in my heart. When I see the house, I know I can’t go back and catch it. But there’s still a beautiful memory.
21．From the first paragraph we mainly know________.
A．the house has been changed greatly
B．the writer used to live with his grandparents in Crosslands
C．the writer used to study in Crosslands
D．the writer didn’t love Crosslands
22．When the writer was a child, he thought the house was________.
A．big B．small C．modern D．ugly
23．The underlined word “sheets” means “________” in Chinese.
A．床单 B．头 C．被子 D．拖把
24．What does the writer think of the house now
A．It seems much bigger now.
B．It seems more comfortable.
C．There is still a good memory there.
D．It is a big mistake to change its style.
25．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The writer likes today’s room better.
B．The room seems smaller now.
C．The old house is really bigger.
D．The writer likes the old style better.
（6）
China’s Hainan Island
Hainan Island is a wonderful place with comfortable sunshine, sand and sea. It is in the South of China. It’s famous for its underwater beauty. Tianyahaijiao is also very famous. It attracts (吸引) lots of tourists around the world every year.
Thailand
Thailand is in the heart of Southeast Asia. Its capital Bangkok has some of Thailand’s greatest buildings, like the Grand Palace (大皇宫).
Chiang Mai (清迈) is a big city in Thailand. There are many historic temples (庙) there, for example, the Wat Phra Singh temple. The temple has a history of over 600 years.
Australia
This country is a land of beauty and diversity (多样性). It is famous for Sydney Opera House and Ayers Rock. Ayers Rock is 348 meters high. What’s more, children can also see many animals there like koalas, kangaroos and sheep.
South Korea’s Jeju Island (韩国济州岛)
As a volcanic (火山的) island, Jeju once was chosen as one of the New Seven Wonders of Nature. Not only that, Jeju attracts children with its Teddy Bear Museum. The museum shows historical events through teddy bears.
26．The information above can’t be from _________.
A．a magazine B．a storybook C．a newspaper D．a tour guidebook
27．Hainan Island is _________.
A．in the Indian OceanB．in Europe C．in the South of China D．in Africa
28．If you like historic temples, you can go to _________.
A．China’s Hainan IslandB．Thailand C．AustraliaD．South Korea’s Jeju Island
29．Jeju Island’s _________ is popular with children.
A．Teddy Bear Museum B．Toy Car Museum C．Museum of Heroes D．Museum of Pictures
30．Australia is known for _________.
A．the Grand Palace and the Wat PhraSingh temple B．Sydney Opera House and Ayers Rock
C．Tianyahaijiao and the underwater beauty D．Teddy Bear Museum and a volcanic island
（7）
Have you ever seen firefighters (消防员) put out the fire when a fire broke out in the forest Now I’ll tell you something about smokejumpers (空降森林消防员) and let you know more about it.
Smokejumpers are special firefighters. They jump from planes into areas that are difficult to reach by car or on foot, like the middle of a mountain forest. They race to put out fires as fast as they can.
At the scene of the fire, smokejumpers first check the land and decide how to fight the fire. They try their best to stop a fire from spreading (蔓延). Using their tools, smokejumpers clear the land of flammable things like dry grass and leaves (叶子). They usually carry some water with them.
In the USA, although most smokejumpers are men, more women are joining. The important thing is that their height and weight must be within a certain range (范围). For example, smokejumpers in the USA must be between 120 and 200 pounds, so they don’t get hurt when they land, or get blown by strong winds.
Smokejumpers must also be able to live in the wilderness. In Russia, many smokejumpers know how to find food in the forest and make simple tools.
The work is dangerous, and the hours are long. But for smokejumpers, smokejumping isn’t just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. As a 28-year-old Russian smokejumper, Alexi Tishin says, “This is the best job for brave people.”
31．How do smokejumpers go to the scene of the fire
A．On foot. B．By train. C．By plane. D．By car.
32．The underlined word “flammable” in Paragraph 3 means “______” in Chinese.
A．会动的 B．可燃的 C．易活的 D．可用的
33．As for smokejumpers in the USA, ______.
A．they don’t think their work is dangerous B．most of them are under 28 years old
C．they have proper height and weight D．there are no women smokejumpers
34．What can we know about Alexi Tishin
A．He loves his job. B．He is American.
C．He works short hours. D．He lives in the wilderness all year round.
35．The writer writes the passage mainly to ______.
A．encourage more people to become smokejumpers
B．tell people how to become a smokejumper
C．share his experience as a smokejumper
D．let people know more about smokejumpers
（8）
Parents play an important role in their children’s life. If they love each other, it will make the children healthy, smart and helpful.
“My mother tells me she will love me forever. This makes me happy.” 17 year old John says. (He is one of the 1,280 young people. Someone asks them to talk about what makes them happy by answering some questions.) Here are the results.
★Children who have parents’ love and help are healthier.
★Students with parents can easily get higher grades. And it is easier for them to finish their education and continue a higher education.
★Children can have better communication skills when their parents can understand their needs and feelings.
36．How many advantages (优点) of parents’ love are there in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
37．How does John’s mother’s love make John feel
A．Pleased. B．Angry. C．Bored. D．Surprised.
38．When parents are with the children, children will be able to ________ more easily.
A．get better education B．get better living environment
C．make themselves tired D．lose their education information
39．What will children be good at if their parents understand them well
A．Looking for a good job. B．Making more friends.
C．Helping others. D．Communicating with others.
40．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Parents are an important part of children’s life.
B．Parents’ love can make children healthier.
C．Children without parents may not finish their education.
D．Children with parents are not able to get high grades.
（9）
Are fables (寓言故事) and fairy tales (童话故事) different or the same They are both stories for kids, but fables are stories for adults as well.
A fable is a story, passed down from grandparents to parents and then to children. People can learn much from it. The characters are mostly animals and plants. They can talk and act like humans. The most famous fables were written by a man called Aesop. There are hundreds of fables in Aesop’s Fables. “The Fox and the Grapes” and “The Tortoise and the Hare” are two examples.
Fairy tales are usually stories for children, often about magic characters such as fairies and giants (巨人). Sometimes the characters are animals. We are able to enjoy these fairy tales because about 200 years ago, Brothers Grimm traveled all around Germany and collected these stories before people forgot them. There are many fairy tales in Grimm’s Fairy Tales, such as “Cinderella” and “Snow White”.
41．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Famous fables and fairy tales.
B．The skill at reading fables.
C．The reason why adults can read fables.
D．Differences between fables and fairy tales.
42．The underlined phrase “passed down” means “________” in Chinese.
A．流传 B．分享 C．编辑 D．记录
43．________ are always the main characters in fables.
A．Humans B．Fairies C．Giants D．Animals and plants
44．Which of the following is TRUE
A．People can learn nothing from fables.
B．There are only 60 fables in Aesop’s Fables.
C．Children usually love fairy tales.
D．Aesop collected fairy tales before people forgot them.
45．Which of the following stories are fables
①“The Lion and the Mouse”
②“Snow White”
③“The Tortoise and the Hare”
④“The Fox and the Grapes”
⑤“Cinderella”
A．①②③④⑤ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④⑤
（10）
It was a cold winter day. Bob and two of his friends went into the mountain. They first put up their tents under the trees and then rode horses to a forest to see how the trees were growing.
In the afternoon when they were about ten kilometers away from their camp, it started to snow. Soon they could not even see their hands clearly before their faces. They could not find the way. They felt frightened. Bob knew there were two roads. One road led to their camp, and the other led to his house. But everything was the same white as snow. How could he take his friends back to the camp
Bob had an idea. The horses! Bob thought, “Let the horses take us back. But what would happen if the horses took the road to my home That would be a trip of thirty-five kilometers in such cold weather. We’d better find our tents.” But he didn’t have a better idea.
It was getting late. They rode on and on. At last, the horses stopped. Where were they None of them could tell. Bob looked around and found a small white “hill” under the tree. How wonderful! They found one of their tents!
46．How many people went into the mountain on the cold winter day
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
47．What does the underlined word “frightened” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Crazy. B．Excited. C．Scared. D．Happy.
48．In the afternoon when they were far away from their camp, it started to ______.
A．snow B．be windy C．rain D．be sunny
49．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Bob and his friends put up their tents under the trees beside a river.
B．Bob and his friends got lost because it was too dark to find the road.
C．Bob and his friends went to a forest to see the trees by horse.
D．Bob was sure the horses could take them back to their tents.
50．Where did the horses take Bob and his friends at last
A．To Bob’s house.B．To their tents. C．To a small hill. D．To the forest.
参考答案
（1）
1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文是对于一起交通事故的说明，文中提到了几个人的证词，注意对比每个人的证词之间的异同点。
1． 细节理解题。根据“A policeman spoke to the taxi driver and to the truck driver. He also spoke to Tom.”和“Tom’s friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.”可知，本文共提到了警察、出租车司机、卡车司机、汤姆和汤姆的朋友五个人。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“TRUCK DRIVER: I was driving from the airport to Newton.”可知，卡车当时是从机场到牛顿市的路上。故选C。
3．推理判断题。分析四人的证词“so I slowed down”、“The truck stopped suddenly.”、“When the truck slowed down, the taxi hit it.”和“Tom's friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.”可知，当时卡车减速了但没停，出租车司机说卡车停了下来，所以出租车司机说谎了。故选D。
4．词义猜测题。根据“He was a witness. This is what they said.”及下文每个人的阐述可知，这几个人是作为交通事故目击者的身份来陈述的，所以划线单词表示“目击者”。故选B。
5． 最佳标题题。分析文章内容可知，本文是对于一起交通事故的说明。故选A。
（2）
6．A 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．A
【导语】本文介绍了一些有关招聘志愿者的工作。
6．细节理解题。根据“We need three volunteers at Sunshine Hospital.”可知，阳光医院需要3个志愿者，故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“You’ll spend lots of time cleaning up the animals and feeding them.”可知，爱心动物收容所的志愿者需要进行打扫的工作，故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据“Are you interested in helping the homeless ”和“If you are over seventeen and can work for us on weekends, please call Miss Green at 232-5347.”可知，玛丽如果想帮助无家可归的人，可以给232-5347打电话，故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据“City Library Needs Volunteers”和“You can consider being a library volunteer if you’re over 13.”可知，15岁的苏珊可以在城市图书馆做志愿者，故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据“Helping others is a great thing to do. Here is some voluntary work for you.”可知，本文介绍了一些志愿者的工作，应该是来自学校的报纸，故选A。
（3）
11．A 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文介绍了一项关于中国青少年在家务劳动方面表现的调查结果，发现来自小村庄的青少年比来自大城市的青少年做更多家务，并建议大城市的家长应该让孩子参与家务劳动，以培养他们的自理能力。
11．细节理解题。根据“We found out that teenagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities. Maybe it is because they live a harder life.”可知，调查发现，来自小村庄的青少年比来自大城市的青少年做更多的家务。也许是因为他们的生活更艰难。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“2,000 teenagers in small villages”可知，有2000名来自小村庄的青少年参加了此次调查。故选B。
13．细节理解题。分析表格可知，小村庄里的大多数青少年都倒垃圾。故选D。
14．细节理解题。分析表格可知，大城市的青少年有850人扫地。故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据“Our advice to parents in big cities is that parents should give their children some chores to do. Doing chores teaches teenagers to take care of themselves.”可知，给大城市父母的建议是，父母应该给孩子做一些家务。做家务可以教会青少年照顾好自己。因此做这项调查的
原因是他们认为这会帮助青少年在家里做家务，照顾好自己。故选D。
（4）
16．D 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了大熊猫和东北虎的一些信息，包括它们住在哪里以及他们面临的威胁等。
16．细节理解题。根据文中“Mainly in Sichuan, also in Shanxi and Gansu.”可知，大熊猫居住在四川，山西和甘肃。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据文中“A new baby panda is as small as a mouse.”可知，新生的熊猫宝宝和老鼠一样小。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据文中“Pandas poop over 12 times a day. ”可知，在一天中，熊猫大便次数超过12次。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据文中“Northeastern China and Russia.”可知，东北虎居住在中国的东北部和俄罗斯。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据文中“Then the mother tiger takes care of the babies. ”可知，老虎妈妈照顾小老虎们。故选D。
（5）
21．B 22．A 23．A 24．C 25．D
【导语】本文讲述了作者觉得自己曾经住过的最可爱的房子是在克罗斯兰德和祖父母一起住过的房子。短文介绍了房子里面有什么。现在这座房子有了很大变化，但是作者认为旧风格是自己心中最美的，因为那里有自己最美好的回忆。
21．细节理解题。根据“The loveliest house that I have ever lived in is Crosslands. I lived there with my grandparents when I was a child.”可知，这位作者过去和他的祖父母住在克罗斯兰德。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“The house seemed so huge to me as a child”可知，作者小时候认为房子很大。故选A。
23．词义猜测题。根据“There was the best furniture in it but it was covered with sheets—it was as if all the furniture wore clothes.”可知，盖住家具的应该是床单，故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“When I see the house, I know I can’t go back and catch it. But there’s still a beautiful memory”可知，作者现在认为房子仍然是美好的回忆，故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“Although it becomes modern, its old style is the most beautiful in my heart.”
可知，作者更喜欢旧风格。故选D。
（6）
26．B 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了四个旅游景点：海南岛、泰国、澳大利亚以及济州岛。
26．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了四个旅游景点，故文章不太可能来源于故事书，故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据“Hainan Island is a wonderful place with comfortable sunshine, sand and sea. It is in the South of China.”可知海南位于中国南部，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“Chiang Mai (清迈) is a big city in Thailand. There are many historic temples (庙) there...”可知泰国清迈有许多有历史意义的寺庙，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“Jeju attracts children with its Teddy Bear Museum”可知济州岛的泰迪熊博物馆对孩子们很有吸引力。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据“It is famous for Sydney Opera House and Ayers Rock.”可知澳大利亚因悉尼歌剧院和艾尔斯山出名，故选B。
（7）
31．C 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些空降森林消防员这一职业的相关信息。
31．细节理解题。根据“Smokejumpers are special firefighters. They jump from planes into areas that are difficult to reach by car or on foot, like the middle of a mountain forest.”可知，他们从飞机上跳到汽车或步行难以到达的地区。故选C。
32．词句猜测题。根据“Using their tools, smokejumpers clear the land of flammable things like dry grass and leaves”可知，空降消防员利用工具清除土地上的干草和树叶等易燃物品。因此推测划线单词为“易燃的，可燃的”。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“The important thing is that their height and weight must be within a certain range (范围).”可知，美国的空降消防员要有合适的身高和体重。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据“As a 28-year-old Russian smokejumper, Alexi Tishin says, ‘This is the best job for brave people.’”可知，Alexi Tishin很喜欢的他的工作。故选A。
35．主旨大意题。根据“Now I’ll tell you something about smokejumpers (空降森林消防员) and let you know more about it.”可知，作者写这篇文章主要想让我们了解关于空降森林消防员的信息。
故选D。
（8）
36．B 37．A 38．A 39．D 40．D
【导语】本文介绍家长在孩子们的生活中起着重要的作用，并介绍父母的爱的优点。
36．细节理解题。根据“★Children who have parents’ love and help are healthier.”，“★Students with parents can easily get higher grades. And it is easier for them to finish their education and continue a higher education.”和“★Children can have better communication skills when their parents can understand their needs and feelings.”可知，介绍了三个优点，故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“My mother tells me she will love me forever. This makes me happy.”可知，约翰对母亲的爱感到开心，故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“Students with parents can easily get higher grades. And it is easier for them to finish their education and continue a higher education.”可知，有父母的学生很容易取得更高的成绩。他们更容易完成学业并继续接受高等教育。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据“Children can have better communication skills when their parents can understand their needs and feelings.”可知，当父母能理解孩子的需要和感受时，孩子就能有更好的沟通技巧。故选D。
40．细节理解题。根据“Students with parents can easily get higher grades.”可知，有父母的学生很容易取得更高的成绩，选项D“有父母的孩子不可能取得好成绩”表述错误，故选D。
（9）
41．D 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了寓言故事和童话故事之间的不同。
41．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了寓言故事和童话故事之间的不同。故选D。
42．词义猜测题。根据“A fable is a story, passed down from grandparents to parents and then to children”可知是从祖父母传给父母，父母传给孩子，故此处划线部分意为“流传”。故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据“The characters are mostly animals and plants”可知寓言故事的主角通常是动物和植物。故选D。
44．细节理解题。根据“Fairy tales are usually stories for children”可知童话故事通常是给孩子写的故事，所以孩子通常会喜欢童话故事。故选C。
45．推理判断题。根据“There are many fairy tales in Grimm’s Fairy Tales, such as ‘Cinderella’ and
‘Snow White’.”可知《灰姑娘》和《白雪公主》是童话故事，不是寓言故事，排除ACD。故选B。
（10）
46．C 47．C 48．A 49．C 50．B
【导语】本文讲述了鲍勃和他的两个朋友在森林中迷了路，最后靠着马的识路能力，回到了他们的营地。
46．细节理解题。根据“Bob and two of his friends went into the mountain.”可知，鲍勃和他的两个朋友进了山，一共三个人，故选C。
47．词义猜测题。根据“it started to snow. Soon they could not even see their hands clearly before their faces. They could not find the way.”可知，天开始下雪了，很快，他们甚至连自己的手都看不清了。他们找不到路。这时他们应该很害怕，故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据“In the afternoon when they were about ten kilometers away from their camp, it started to snow”可知，下午，当他们远离营地时，天开始下雪了。故选A。
49．细节理解题。根据“They first put up their tents under the trees and then rode horses to a forest to see how the trees were growing.”可知，鲍勃和他的朋友们骑马去森林看树。故选C。
50．细节理解题。根据“How wonderful! They found one of their tents!”可知，这些马最后把鲍勃和他的朋友们带到他们的帐篷那里，故选B。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
【核心考点集训】2025春人教版英语八年级下册期末复习学案
题型过关第3讲 阅读理解
阅读前
- 快速浏览标题和首尾段：标题往往是文章的核心概括，首尾段通常包含文章的主旨大意或重要观点，能让你对文章有初步的整体认识。
阅读中
（1）扫读全文：快速浏览文章，了解文章的体裁、结构和大致内容，明确各段落的主题句，一般主题句多在段首或段尾。
（2）精读细节：带着问题有针对性地在文中寻找答案。注意文中的关键词、数字、日期、人名、地名等重要信息，这些往往是解题的关键。
（3）猜测词义：遇到生词不要慌张，可通过上下文的语境、句子结构以及构词法等来猜测词义。比如根据“un -”“dis -”等否定前缀或“-less”等否定后缀来判断词义。
答题时
（1）主旨大意题：通常可从文章的标题、首尾段以及各段主题句中归纳总结得出。选项中过于具体或片面的内容一般不是正确答案。
（2）细节理解题：根据题干中的关键词，在文中找到对应的信息句，仔细对比选项与原文的表述，注意细节上的差异，如时态、数量、程度等。
（3）推理判断题：这类题不能直接从文中找到答案，需要根据文章提供的信息进行合理的推断。要注意选项不能过度推理，要基于原文内容。
（4）词义猜测题：除了利用上下文语境和构词法外，还可将选项代入文中，看哪个选项能使句子意思通顺、符合逻辑。
答题后
（1）检查答案：将答案代入原文，检查是否符合文章逻辑和作者意图，确保所选答案在语法和语义上都正确。
（2）复查细节：对于一些细节题，再次确认答案是否准确，是否遗漏了关键信息。
（1）
A taxi hit a truck. A policeman spoke to the truck driver and the taxi driver. He also spoke to Tom. He was a witness. This is what they said.
TRUCKDRIVER I was driving from the airport to Newton. A car crossed the road, so I slowed down. I did not stop. A taxi hit the back of my truck. Nobody was seriously hurt but both my truck and his taxi were damaged (受损害).
TAXI DRIVER I was driving behind a truck a few kilometers to Newton. The truck stopped suddenly. The driver did not give me a warning. I was driving very slowly. My taxi hit the truck, and some glass cut my left hand.
Tom I was watching the traffic about a kilometer from the airport. A truck was going to Newton. It was not going very quickly. There was a taxi about two hundred meters behind the truck. It was going fast. When the truck slowed down, the taxi hit it. The taxi driver was not looking at the truck. He was looking out of the window at something else. My friend saw the accident, too. Tom’s friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.
1．How many people are mentioned in the passage
A．Three. B．Two. C．Four. D．Five
2．The truck was hit on the way ________.
A．to the airport B．to the police station C．to Newton D．home
3．From the story, we can infer (推断) that ________ didn’t tell the truth.
A．the truck driver B．Tom C．Tom’s friend D．the taxi driver
4．The underlined word “witness” means “ ________ ” in Chinese.
A．记录员 B．目击者 C．检查员 D．陪审团
5．What’s the best title for this passage
A．A Traffic Accident B．A Taxi Driver C．A Story of Tom D．A Truck Driver
（2）
Helping others is a great thing to do. Here is some voluntary work for you.
Hospital Volunteers Wanted Are you interested in being a doctor or a nurse We need three volunteers at Sunshine Hospital. You have to be 16 or older to volunteer. If you are available on Saturday, e-mail sshvolunteer @.
Welcome to Loving Animal Shelter Do you love animals Do you want to be an animal doctor We need five weekend volunteers. As an animal shelter volunteer, you must be at least sixteen years old. You'll spend lots of time cleaning up the animals and feeding them. If you can join us, call us at 724-8839 for more information.
Soup Kitchen Needs Volunteers Are you interested in helping the homeless Consider(考虑) volunteering at Soup Kitchen. You need to help give out food to the homeless, and clean up plates. If you are over seventeen and can work for us on weekends, please call Miss Green at 232-5347.
City Library Needs Volunteers Do you love being around books You can consider being a library volunteer if you're over 13. Your job is to help visitors use the computer or help younger students with their homework. Check out the City Library website for more information.
6．How many volunteers does Sunshine Hospital need
A．3. B．5. C．16. D．17.
7．What do volunteers at Loving Animal Shelter need to do
A．Do some cleaning. B．Walk the animals.
C．Buy food for animals. D．Play with animals.
8．How can Mark help the homeless
A．By calling 724-8839.
B．By calling 232-5347.
C．By e-mailing sshvolunteer @.
D．By visiting City Library website.
9．Where can 15-year-old Susan volunteer
A．At Soup Kitchen. B．At City Library.
C．At Sunshine Hospital. D．At Loving Animal Shelter.
10．Where is this passage most probably from
A．A school newspaper. B．A storybook.
C．A travel guide. D．A science report.
（3）
Do teenagers in small villages do chores at home How about the teenagers in big cities Here is a survey. We asked 4,000 teenagers in China several questions. Half of them come from big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. The others are from small villages. We made a diagram (图表) of the result of our survey. Let’s have a look at it. We found out that teenagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities. Maybe it is because they live a harder life. Our advice to parents in big cities is that parents should give their children some chores to do. Doing chores teaches teenagers to take care of themselves.
Chores 2,000 teenagers in small villages 2,000 teenagers in big cities
take out the rubbish 1,600 1,000
sweep the floor 1,200 850
make the bed 1,400 750
do the dishes 1,100 600
fold the clothes 900 1,500
11．Why do the teenagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities
A．Maybe it is because the teenagers from villages live a harder life.
B．Maybe it is because the teenagers from villages like doing chores.
C．Maybe it is because the parents of the teenagers from big cities don’t need them to do it.
D．Maybe it is because the parents of the teenagers from villages always ask their kids to do it.
12．How many teenagers from small villages did they ask in the survey
A．1,000. B．2,000. C．3,000. D．4,000.
13．Which kind of chores do most teenagers in small villages do
A．Making the bed. B．Sweeping the floor.
C．Doing the dishes. D．Taking out the rubbish.
14．How many teenagers in big cities sweep the floor
A．600. B．750. C．850. D．1,000.
15．Why did they make the survey
A．Because they don’t want teenagers in China to do chores at home.
B．Because they wanted to know if teenagers in China do chores at home.
C．Because they thought it’s not necessary for teenagers to look after themselves.
D．Because they thought it would help teenagers to do chores at home to take good care of themselves.
（4）
Giant PandasWhere they live: Mainly in Sichuan, also in Shanxi and Gansu. Why they are in danger: They don’t have enough food. They don’t give birth to many babies. Fun facts: A new baby panda is as small as a mouse. Pandas spend almost the whole day eating. But they only take in 20% of what they eat. Pandas poop (排便) over 12 times a day. Pandas have been on the earth for about 3 million years. Siberian Tigers (东北虎)Where they live: Northeastern China and Russia. Why they are in danger: People hunt them and destory their habitat (栖息地). Baby tigers are weak and often die early. Fun facts: A father tiger always leaves his family without saying goodbye. Then the mother tiger takes care of the babies. She is very careful. She hides her babies when she goes out hunting, and takes a different way home.
16．Where do giant pandas live
A．In Sichuan and Guangdong.
B．In Shanxi and Guangxi.
C．In Northeastern China and Russia.
D．In Sichuan, Shanxi and Gansu.
17．Which animal is as small as a new baby panda
A．B．C．D．
18．How many times do pandas poop a day
A．Three times. B．Ten times.
C．More than 12 times. D．Over 20 times.
19．Where do Siberian Tigers live
A．In Southeastern China and Russia.
B．In Northeastern China and Russia.
C．In China and Northeastern Russia.
D．In China and Southeastern Russia.
20．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Giant pandas have enough food.
B．Baby tigers are very strong.
C．A father tiger always hides his babies when he goes out hunting.
D．The mother tiger takes care of the baby tigers.
（5）
The loveliest house that I have ever lived in is Crosslands. I lived there with my grandparents
when I was a child.
The house seemed so huge to me as a child. And it had a lovely living room with a piano in it. And there was a strange room. It was the drawing room. We only used it on Sundays, or when visitors came for tea. There was the best furniture in it but it was covered with sheets—it was as if all the furniture wore clothes. We couldn’t enjoy this beautiful furniture.
I went back to the house a few weeks ago. It has changed a lot. My uncle has modernized (使……现代化) it inside, and taken away the lovely furniture. And he has knocked a wall down so the drawing room and the living room have become one big room.
Although it becomes modern, its old style is the most beautiful in my heart. When I see the house, I know I can’t go back and catch it. But there’s still a beautiful memory.
21．From the first paragraph we mainly know________.
A．the house has been changed greatly
B．the writer used to live with his grandparents in Crosslands
C．the writer used to study in Crosslands
D．the writer didn’t love Crosslands
22．When the writer was a child, he thought the house was________.
A．big B．small C．modern D．ugly
23．The underlined word “sheets” means “________” in Chinese.
A．床单 B．头 C．被子 D．拖把
24．What does the writer think of the house now
A．It seems much bigger now.
B．It seems more comfortable.
C．There is still a good memory there.
D．It is a big mistake to change its style.
25．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The writer likes today’s room better.
B．The room seems smaller now.
C．The old house is really bigger.
D．The writer likes the old style better.
（6）
China’s Hainan Island
Hainan Island is a wonderful place with comfortable sunshine, sand and sea. It is in the South of China. It’s famous for its underwater beauty. Tianyahaijiao is also very famous. It attracts (吸引) lots of tourists around the world every year.
Thailand
Thailand is in the heart of Southeast Asia. Its capital Bangkok has some of Thailand’s greatest buildings, like the Grand Palace (大皇宫).
Chiang Mai (清迈) is a big city in Thailand. There are many historic temples (庙) there, for example, the Wat Phra Singh temple. The temple has a history of over 600 years.
Australia
This country is a land of beauty and diversity (多样性). It is famous for Sydney Opera House and Ayers Rock. Ayers Rock is 348 meters high. What’s more, children can also see many animals there like koalas, kangaroos and sheep.
South Korea’s Jeju Island (韩国济州岛)
As a volcanic (火山的) island, Jeju once was chosen as one of the New Seven Wonders of Nature. Not only that, Jeju attracts children with its Teddy Bear Museum. The museum shows historical events through teddy bears.
26．The information above can’t be from _________.
A．a magazine B．a storybook C．a newspaper D．a tour guidebook
27．Hainan Island is _________.
A．in the Indian OceanB．in Europe C．in the South of China D．in Africa
28．If you like historic temples, you can go to _________.
A．China’s Hainan IslandB．Thailand C．AustraliaD．South Korea’s Jeju Island
29．Jeju Island’s _________ is popular with children.
A．Teddy Bear Museum B．Toy Car Museum C．Museum of Heroes D．Museum of Pictures
30．Australia is known for _________.
A．the Grand Palace and the Wat PhraSingh temple B．Sydney Opera House and Ayers Rock
C．Tianyahaijiao and the underwater beauty D．Teddy Bear Museum and a volcanic island
（7）
Have you ever seen firefighters (消防员) put out the fire when a fire broke out in the forest Now I’ll tell you something about smokejumpers (空降森林消防员) and let you know more about it.
Smokejumpers are special firefighters. They jump from planes into areas that are difficult to reach by car or on foot, like the middle of a mountain forest. They race to put out fires as fast as they can.
At the scene of the fire, smokejumpers first check the land and decide how to fight the fire. They try their best to stop a fire from spreading (蔓延). Using their tools, smokejumpers clear the land of flammable things like dry grass and leaves (叶子). They usually carry some water with them.
In the USA, although most smokejumpers are men, more women are joining. The important thing is that their height and weight must be within a certain range (范围). For example, smokejumpers in the USA must be between 120 and 200 pounds, so they don’t get hurt when they land, or get blown by strong winds.
Smokejumpers must also be able to live in the wilderness. In Russia, many smokejumpers know how to find food in the forest and make simple tools.
The work is dangerous, and the hours are long. But for smokejumpers, smokejumping isn’t just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. As a 28-year-old Russian smokejumper, Alexi Tishin says, “This is the best job for brave people.”
31．How do smokejumpers go to the scene of the fire
A．On foot. B．By train. C．By plane. D．By car.
32．The underlined word “flammable” in Paragraph 3 means “______” in Chinese.
A．会动的 B．可燃的 C．易活的 D．可用的
33．As for smokejumpers in the USA, ______.
A．they don’t think their work is dangerous B．most of them are under 28 years old
C．they have proper height and weight D．there are no women smokejumpers
34．What can we know about Alexi Tishin
A．He loves his job. B．He is American.
C．He works short hours. D．He lives in the wilderness all year round.
35．The writer writes the passage mainly to ______.
A．encourage more people to become smokejumpers
B．tell people how to become a smokejumper
C．share his experience as a smokejumper
D．let people know more about smokejumpers
（8）
Parents play an important role in their children’s life. If they love each other, it will make the children healthy, smart and helpful.
“My mother tells me she will love me forever. This makes me happy.” 17 year old John says. (He is one of the 1,280 young people. Someone asks them to talk about what makes them happy by answering some questions.) Here are the results.
★Children who have parents’ love and help are healthier.
★Students with parents can easily get higher grades. And it is easier for them to finish their education and continue a higher education.
★Children can have better communication skills when their parents can understand their needs and feelings.
36．How many advantages (优点) of parents’ love are there in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
37．How does John’s mother’s love make John feel
A．Pleased. B．Angry. C．Bored. D．Surprised.
38．When parents are with the children, children will be able to ________ more easily.
A．get better education B．get better living environment
C．make themselves tired D．lose their education information
39．What will children be good at if their parents understand them well
A．Looking for a good job. B．Making more friends.
C．Helping others. D．Communicating with others.
40．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Parents are an important part of children’s life.
B．Parents’ love can make children healthier.
C．Children without parents may not finish their education.
D．Children with parents are not able to get high grades.
（9）
Are fables (寓言故事) and fairy tales (童话故事) different or the same They are both stories for kids, but fables are stories for adults as well.
A fable is a story, passed down from grandparents to parents and then to children. People can learn much from it. The characters are mostly animals and plants. They can talk and act like humans. The most famous fables were written by a man called Aesop. There are hundreds of fables in Aesop’s Fables. “The Fox and the Grapes” and “The Tortoise and the Hare” are two examples.
Fairy tales are usually stories for children, often about magic characters such as fairies and giants (巨人). Sometimes the characters are animals. We are able to enjoy these fairy tales because about 200 years ago, Brothers Grimm traveled all around Germany and collected these stories before people forgot them. There are many fairy tales in Grimm’s Fairy Tales, such as “Cinderella” and “Snow White”.
41．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Famous fables and fairy tales.
B．The skill at reading fables.
C．The reason why adults can read fables.
D．Differences between fables and fairy tales.
42．The underlined phrase “passed down” means “________” in Chinese.
A．流传 B．分享 C．编辑 D．记录
43．________ are always the main characters in fables.
A．Humans B．Fairies C．Giants D．Animals and plants
44．Which of the following is TRUE
A．People can learn nothing from fables.
B．There are only 60 fables in Aesop’s Fables.
C．Children usually love fairy tales.
D．Aesop collected fairy tales before people forgot them.
45．Which of the following stories are fables
①“The Lion and the Mouse”
②“Snow White”
③“The Tortoise and the Hare”
④“The Fox and the Grapes”
⑤“Cinderella”
A．①②③④⑤ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④⑤
（10）
It was a cold winter day. Bob and two of his friends went into the mountain. They first put up their tents under the trees and then rode horses to a forest to see how the trees were growing.
In the afternoon when they were about ten kilometers away from their camp, it started to snow. Soon they could not even see their hands clearly before their faces. They could not find the way. They felt frightened. Bob knew there were two roads. One road led to their camp, and the other led to his house. But everything was the same white as snow. How could he take his friends back to the camp
Bob had an idea. The horses! Bob thought, “Let the horses take us back. But what would happen if the horses took the road to my home That would be a trip of thirty-five kilometers in such cold weather. We’d better find our tents.” But he didn’t have a better idea.
It was getting late. They rode on and on. At last, the horses stopped. Where were they None of them could tell. Bob looked around and found a small white “hill” under the tree. How wonderful! They found one of their tents!
46．How many people went into the mountain on the cold winter day
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
47．What does the underlined word “frightened” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Crazy. B．Excited. C．Scared. D．Happy.
48．In the afternoon when they were far away from their camp, it started to ______.
A．snow B．be windy C．rain D．be sunny
49．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Bob and his friends put up their tents under the trees beside a river.
B．Bob and his friends got lost because it was too dark to find the road.
C．Bob and his friends went to a forest to see the trees by horse.
D．Bob was sure the horses could take them back to their tents.
50．Where did the horses take Bob and his friends at last
A．To Bob’s house.B．To their tents. C．To a small hill. D．To the forest.

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