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题型过关第3讲 阅读理解
答题步骤（黄金三步）
速读题干，划关键词
先读问题（不看选项），圈出人名、地名、数字、时间等定位词。
明确题型：细节题？主旨题？猜词题？推断题？
带问题扫读原文，定位答案区间
根据题干关键词快速扫读文章，找到相关段落（通常按题号顺序出现）。
重点读：首尾段、每段首尾句、转折句（but/however）、因果句（because/so）。
对比选项，精准答题
细节题：答案一定是原文原句或同义替换（90%直接找，别脑补！）。
主旨题：看首尾段+各段主题句，选最全面、不片面的选项。
猜词题：联系上下文逻辑（并列、转折、举例），尤其看前后句解释。
推断题：必须有原文依据，避免主观臆断（选最接近原文的合理推论）。
二、关键技巧（避坑指南）
忠于原文：答案一定在文中，不要用自己的常识答题！
警惕绝对词：选项含always/never/all/none往往错误（除非原文明确说）。
关注同义替换：正确答案常换说法（e.g.原文"difficult"→选项"hard"）。
排除无中生有：选项内容原文未提，即使合理也排除！
重点标转折/因果：but, however, because, so 后常出考点！
三、时间管理
简单题（细节、猜词）：每题≤2分钟，直接定位秒杀。
难题（主旨、推断）：标记后跳过，做完回头补，不卡壳！
留3分钟复查：检查是否答非所问，选项是否看错。
四、题型速记口诀
细节定位抄原文，
主旨首尾找主题，
猜词看句上下文，
推断必有依据存！
The school art festival is coming. Different students are preparing different things for it.
Li Hua is good at painting. He is going to draw a picture of his school. He wants to show the beauty of his school through his painting. He has been working on it for a week and will finish it soon.
Wang Tao loves dancing. He is going to perform a traditional Chinese dance. He practices dancing every day after school. He hopes his performance can bring joy to everyone.
Liu Mei is interested in music. She is going to sing an English song at the festival. She has chosen a beautiful song and has been practicing it hard. She believes she can sing it well.
The art festival will be a great chance for students to show their talents. Everyone is looking forward to it.
1．What is Li Hua going to do for the school art festival
A．Sing a song.
B．Dance.
C．Draw a picture.
D．Write a story.
2．What kind of dance will Wang Tao perform
A．A modern dance.
B．A traditional Chinese dance.
C．A ballet.
D．A hip - hop dance.
3．What is Liu Mei going to sing
A．A Chinese song.
B．An English song.
C．A French song.
D．A Japanese song.
4．How long has Li Hua been working on his painting
A．For two weeks.
B．For a month.
C．For a week.
D．For three days.
5．What do the students think of the art festival
A．They think it's a waste of time.
B．They think it's a great chance to show their talents.
C．They think it's too difficult.
D．They think it's very boring.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B
【知识点】文体活动、爱好、音乐与舞蹈、记叙文、美术与摄影
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了学校艺术节即将到来，不同学生正在为艺术节准备不同的事情，包括李华准备画画、王涛准备表演中国传统舞蹈、刘梅准备唱英文歌等，学生们都期待着这个展示才华的好机会。
1．细节理解题。根据“Li Hua is good at painting. He is going to draw a picture of his school.”可知，李华将为学校艺术节画一幅画。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Wang Tao loves dancing. He is going to perform a traditional Chinese dance.”可知，王涛将表演中国传统舞蹈。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Liu Mei is interested in music. She is going to sing an English song at the festival.”可知，刘梅将唱一首英文歌。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“He has been working on it for a week and will finish it soon.”可知，李华已经画了一个星期的画了。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据“The art festival will be a great chance for students to show their talents. Everyone is looking forward to it.”可知，学生们认为艺术节是展示他们才华的好机会。故选B。
Some people say that the young people today only think of themselves. But it’s not right. More and more young people in the USA work for others during their school holidays. And they don’t do it for money.
David, 17 I’m going to help the Forest Center build new roads in the mountains. It’s going to be great. I’ll spend all the summer holidays living in the tent (帐篷) and breathing (呼吸) the clean mountain air. I’m going to sleep under the stars. And I’ll be able to do something helpful at the same time.
Jason, 18 This summer, I’m going to take part in the Special House Program (项目). They build good, cheap houses and sell them to poor families. They’ll teach me what to do, so I’ll help people and also have a chance to learn how to build houses.
Tina, 16 I’m going to teach kids with problems in reading. I’ll work for a program called “Reading for Life”. Every day, I’m going to help kids read good books. I want to be a teacher, and I love children. So it will be helpful to me.
6．More and more young people in the USA spend ______ helping others.
A．school holidays B．weekdays C．every morning
7．What will David volunteer (志愿) to do in summer
A．Sleep under the stars.
B．Breathe the clean mountain air.
C．Help to build new roads in the mountains.
8．From the passage, we know that Jason ______.
A．likes reading B．is 18 years old C．is good at sports
9．______ wants to be a teacher.
A．David B．Jason C．Tina
10．What is the best title for the passage
A．Reading for Life B．The Forest Center C．Young American Volunteers
【答案】6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．C
【知识点】记叙文、计划、志愿服务
【导语】本文分享了三位学生的志愿者计划。
6．细节理解题。根据“More and more young people in the USA work for others during their school holidays. ”可知，在美国，越来越多的年轻人在学校放假期间为别人工作，故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“I’m going to help the Forest Center build new roads in the mountains. ”可知，David打算在山里修建新的道路，故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“Jason, 18”可知，Jason是18岁，故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据“Tina, 16”以及“I want to be a teacher, and I love children.”可知，Tina想成为一名老师，故选C。
10．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文分享了三位学生的志愿者计划，所以C选项“年轻的美国志愿者”符合本文标题，故选C。
John and Nick are best friends and they play together almost every day. However, about a month ago, they got into a big fight.
It started on a Sunday when Nick went over to John’s house to play tennis. But John said he wanted to go to watch his elder brother’s football game instead. When Nick asked if he could go too, John said no. Nick felt hurt. He asked why he couldn’t go. John got angry and said, “I want to do something without you for a change!” On Monday at school, Nick was so angry that he left a note on John’s desk. John was really sad after reading the note.
What’s going on
Even the best friendship has problems. This is what happened between John and Nick. It doesn’t mean that there is anything wrong with the friendship. It just means that the two friends should not spend every minute together.
Ways to stop the fight:
John could:
★Apologize for the tone (语气) he used when he said he wanted to do something without Nick.
★Explain that sometimes he wants to stay alone.
★Promise to be nicer to Nick in the future.
Nick could:
★Say sorry for leaving the note and explain that it was a bad way to solve the problem.
Way to avoid (避免) the fight:
Open communication. There is a better way for John to let Nick know that he wants his own space.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
11．What did John plan to do that Sunday
A．Write a note to Nick.
B．Play tennis with Nick.
C．Watch a football game.
12．Which might be the words on Nick’s note
A．Friends are like books.
B．Neither of us is wrong.
C．We are not friends anymore.
13．What does the underlined word “Apologize” mean
A．Say sorry. B．Say yes. C．Say thanks.
14．Which can be a better way for John to stop the fight
A．Promise Nick to play football together.
B．Explain that sometimes he wants his own space.
C．Promise Nick not to hang out with other friends next time.
15．What does the writer want to tell us
A．One should never say no to his friends.
B．Friends should have open communication.
C．True friends shouldn’t fight with each other.
【答案】11．C 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．B
【知识点】朋友、说明文、意见/建议
【导语】本文主要讲述了好朋友约翰和尼克之间发生的矛盾，并给出积极的建议。
11．细节理解题。根据“But John said he wanted to go to watch his elder brother’s football game instead.”可知，John计划去看他哥哥的足球比赛。故选C。
12．推理判断题。根据“Nick was so angry that he left a note on John’s desk. John was really sad after reading the note.”可以推断，Nick的纸条内容可能是“We are not friends anymore.”，因为这让John非常伤心。故选C。
13．词义猜测题。根据“Apologize for the tone (语气) he used when he said he wanted to do something without Nick.”可知，后文提到了没有考虑到尼克，因此判断划线词是“道歉”。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据“Explain that sometimes he wants to stay alone.”可知，John可以通过解释他有时想要自己的空间来停止争吵。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据“Open communication. There is a better way for John to let Nick know that he wants his own space.”可知，作者想告诉我们朋友之间应该有开放的沟通。故选B。
Winter Activities in Harbin
Planning to visit Harbin this winter Here are some of the best holiday activities. Many of them are suitable for the whole family.
Skating is a popular sport in Harbin. One important difference of skating here from other cities of China is: the playing field is moved to the ice surface. Skating is a high speed activity. When you come to Harbin in winter, don’t miss the pleasure when skating on the surface of Songhua River.
Snow falls early in Harbin and in many ski resorts (度假村)in Harbin and the ski season can last from early December to early April. The Yabuli Ski Resort is among the best in China. It is just a 2-hour drive from Harbin. This makes it a convenient place to try skiing.
Have fun in the snow with your kids in Harbin! Put on warm clothes and go outside from the hotel. Build a snowman, a snow castle (城堡), or make anything you like with snow. If you have time, take them to a park nearby. Both you and your kids will enjoy it!
Having a snowball fight is also a very interesting sport in the snow while traveling in Harbin. Several friends or the family members are divided into two groups, and fight each other with snowballs. You should be very quick, or you will be attacked (攻击).
Visiting Harbin in winter will be an unforgettable experience. From skating on the frozen Songhua River to having a snowball fight, there’s something for everyone to enjoy. So, whether you’re looking for excitement or simply want to spend time with your family or friends in this snow-covered land, Harbin is the perfect place for a holiday filled with joy, laughter, and memories that will last forever.
16．Choose the best sentence to fill in the “______” in Paragraph 2.
A．People will feel excited during the sport.
B．Skating on the ice surface can be dangerous.
C．It’s great fun to make a snowman on the ice surface.
D．The cold weather makes it difficult to skate in Harbin.
17．What does the underlined “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Snowmen. B．Snow castles. C．Your kids. D．Your clothes.
18．What is the most important in avoiding being hit with a snowball
A．Experience. B．Height. C．Weight. D．Speed.
19．What can we know about the Yabuli Ski Resort from the passage
A．The ski season there lasts for half a year.
B．It is not convenient to get there from Harbin.
C．It is known as one of the best ski resorts in China.
D．It offers only skiing activities and no other winter sports.
20．What would be the best structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
【答案】16．A 17．C 18．D 19．C 20．B
【知识点】城市、旅行、说明文
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍哈尔滨冬季适合全家参与的滑冰、滑雪等有趣活动。
16．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Skating is a high speed activity.…When you come to Harbin in winter, don’t miss the pleasure when skating on the surface of Songhua River.”可知，前文提到滑冰是高速运动，后文介绍冬天来哈尔滨时，不要错过在松花江上滑冰的乐趣。A选项“人们在这项运动中会感到兴奋”能承接上下文，体现滑冰的乐趣。故选A。
17．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Have fun in the snow with your kids in Harbin!…If you have time, take them to a park nearby.”可知，前文介绍你和你的孩子在雪中玩得开心，此处them指代前文的“your kids”。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“You should be very quick, or you will be attacked (攻击).”可知，避免被雪球击中最重要的是速度。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The Yabuli Ski Resort is among the best in China.”可知，亚布力滑雪场是中国最好的滑雪场之一。故选C。
20．篇章结构题。文章第一段引出哈尔滨冬季活动，是总述；第二到五段分别介绍滑冰、滑雪、堆雪人、打雪仗等不同活动，是分述；第六段总结冬季游览哈尔滨会是难忘经历，是总结。故选B。
From an early age, Parker always said that he would be an astronaut when he grew up. But no matter (不管) how much he studied, worked, and took tests (考试), he never passed.
However, Parker went on working hard, and never gave up (放弃) his dream. He kept on training and studying every day.
He kept on doing it as he got older, and when he was a very old man, he heard that doctors in Space Agency were doing some very important medical experiments (实验). For those experiments, they needed a very old astronaut. Parker was the only old man in the whole world that was trained to fly in a rocket (火箭). He got the chance to fly this time.
The experiments were very successful. The knowledge (知识) from the experiments helped doctors to cure one of the worst illnesses (疾病) of old people.
People called him a hero. But Parker didn’t care about (关心) it, “I am just a real astronaut now. That is enough.” Parker said to the reporter.
21．What did Parker want to be when he was a child
A．A doctor. B．A train driver. C．An astronaut.
22．Why did Space Agency choose Parker
A．Because he was old and strong.
B．Because he had a dream of flying.
C．Because he was old and was trained to fly.
23．The underlined word “cure” means “________” in Chinese.
A．治愈 B．处理 C．操纵
24．People called Parker a hero because ________.
A．his dream came true
B．he was the oldest astronaut
C．he helped do the important medical experiments
25．What does the passage tell us
A．We are never too old to learn.
B．We should keep on with (继续) the dream.
C．We must do sports even if we are old.
【答案】21．C 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．B
【知识点】记叙文、励志故事
【导语】本文介绍了一个名为Parker的人，从小就梦想着成为宇航员，并不断为之努力和学习，尽管一直没有被选上并超过了选拔的年龄，但他一直没有放弃。直到有一天，一家公司需要一名老年宇航员进行实验，Parker的宇航员的梦想最终实现了。
21．细节理解题。根据“From an early age, Parker always said that he would be an astronaut when he grew up.”可知从小想成为一名宇航员。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“For those experiments, they needed a very old astronaut. Parker was the only old man in the whole world that was trained to fly in a rocket (火箭). He got the chance to fly this time.”可知选择Parker是因为他年纪大了，受过飞行训练。故选C。
23．词义猜测题。根据“The knowledge (知识) from the experiments helped doctors to cure one of the worst illnesses (疾病) of old people.”可知帮助医生治愈了老年人的一种最严重的疾病。cure意为“治愈”。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据第三、四段内容可知Parker参与了一些医疗实验，帮助医生治愈了老年人的一种最严重的疾病，因此被人们称为英雄。故选C。
25．主旨大意题。本文介绍了一个名为Parker的人，从小就梦想着成为宇航员，并不断为之努力和学习，尽管一直没有被选上并超过了选拔的年龄，但他一直没有放弃。直到有一天，一家公司需要一名老年宇航员进行实验，Parker的宇航员的梦想最终实现了。这告诉我们：我们应该坚持梦想。故选B。
The first teacher-parent meeting would be held in the school. To the little boy’s disappointment (失望), his mother said she would go. He felt sorry for her face. She was very beautiful, but there was a big scar (疤痕) on the right face.
At the meeting, the people noticed the mother’s kindness and beauty (善意和美丽) though she had the scar. But the little boy hid himself. After the meeting, the teacher asked his mother carefully, “How did you get the scar on your face ” The mother answered, “When my son was a baby, he was once in a room that caught fire. As I was running towards his bed, I saw a piece of wood (木头) coming towards his bed. I threw myself over to protect him. I was knocked down. Luckily, a fireman (消防队员) came in and saved both of us. But I got the scar.”
At that moment, the little boy came out with his eyes wet. He held his mother’s hand for the rest of the day.
26．The boy was sorry for his mother because ________.
A．his mother was not beautiful B．he didn’t love his mother C．there was a big scar on her face
27．The people at the meeting thought the mother was ________.
A．shy and beautiful B．kind and beautiful C．kind and shy
28．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The boy knew why his mother got the scar before.
B．The boy told his classmates why his mother got the scar.
C．The mother told the teacher about the scar after the meeting.
29．The mother got the scar when she ________.
A．slept in a room on fire B．protected her son C．rushed out of the room
30．The boy was ________ when he knew the truth (真相) at last.
A．moved (感动的) B．sad C．bored
【答案】26．C 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．A
【知识点】叙事忆旧、记叙文、家人和亲人、情感
【导语】本文主要讲了一位母亲脸上伤疤的由来。
26．细节理解题。根据“He felt sorry for her face. She was very beautiful, but there was a big scar (疤痕) on the right face.”可知男孩为他的母亲感到遗憾，因为她脸上有一个大伤疤。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“At the meeting, the people noticed the mother’s kindness and beauty (善意和美丽) though she had the scar.”可知参加家长会的人认为男孩的母亲是善良的、美丽的。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据“After the meeting, the teacher asked his mother carefully … ”可知，母亲会议后告诉老师有关伤疤的来源，故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“I threw myself over him to protect him.”可知，伤疤是妈妈在保护儿子时弄的。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据“At that moment, the little boy came out with his eyes wet. He held his mother’s hand for the rest of the day.”可知，当小男孩知道妈妈伤疤真相时非常感动，故选A。
NASA’s space scientists were closely watching a very large asteroid (小行星) that flew past Earth recently.
Asteroid 2015 DR215 was on NASA’s “close approach(接近)” list. But don’t worry, it was a safe distance (距离) away! It was thought to have passed Earth at a distance of 4.1 million miles away. So it was not a dangerous asteroid for us! The asteroid is around 1,600 feet wide, which is three times larger than the Great Pyramid in Egypt. What are asteroids Asteroids are large space rocks in our solar system (太阳系). Sometimes they are called NEOs-Near Earth Objects. Until today, about 26,000 asteroids have passed Earth, according to NASA．
There are lots of asteroids that NASA watches all the time. They are usually 140 meters or above and can be a threat (威胁). The last big asteroid to actually hit Earth was 66 million years ago. This one caused the dinosaurs to die out. In fact, many smaller asteroids fly to Earth the whole time. But because of their much smaller size, they get burnt up in the atmosphere (大气层) before they hit Earth. Therefore, they can’t bring serious results.
31．What were the NASA’s scientists closely watching recently
A．A strange plane. B．A small spaceship. C．A very small asteroid. D．A very large asteroid.
32．What’s the size of the asteroid
A．The asteroid is around 1,500 feet wide. B．The asteroid is around 1,000 feet wide.
C．The asteroid is around 1,600 feet wide. D．The asteroid is around 1,400 feet wide.
33．According to NASA, how many asteroids have passed Earth till today
A．200. B．2,600. C．26,000. D．260.
34．What happened when the last big asteroid to actually hit Earth about 66 million years ago
A．The earth died out. B．The dinosaurs to die out.
C．The animals died out. D．The living things died out.
35．Though many small asteroids fly to Earth the whole time, they can’t bring serious results, because ________.
A．their size is so small
B．they get burnt up in the atmosphere(大气层) before they hit Earth
C．both A and B
D．they are afraid of the earth
【答案】31．D 32．C 33．C 34．B 35．C
【知识点】说明文、科普知识、天体与宇宙
【导语】本文是一篇科普文章，描述了NASA的太空科学家正在密切关注着一个非常大的小行星，它最近正在掠过地球，但是它与地球有着安全距离。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段“NASA’s space scientists were closely watching a very large asteroid that flew past Earth recently.”可知，NASA的太空科学家正在密切关注着一个非常大的小行星，它最近正在掠过地球，故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“The asteroid is around 1,600 feet wide,”可知，这个小行星大约有1，600英尺宽，故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“ Until today, about 26,000 asteroids have passed Earth, according to NASA.”可知，到今天为止，大约有26000颗小行星经过地球，故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段“This one caused the dinosaurs to die out.”可知，这次袭击导致了恐龙的灭绝，故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“because of their much smaller size, they get burnt up in the atmosphere before they hit Earth.”可知，由于它们是相当小的尺寸，在它们撞击地球之前就已经燃烧殆尽了，故选C。
We all waste food,you and me,every day,millions of tons of it.In China,the amount of food wasted by Chinese consumers is increasing fast.So our nation is being encouraged to stop wasting food.
So what should Chinese consumers do to prevent food waste
◆Keep a kitchen diary
All of us should keep a kitchen diary,and we can know that how much food we waste at home.The first thing for us to do is to stop throwing away food that we can still eat.We should eat everything we buy and if we cannot,we should buy less.
◆Buy only what we need
We should ask for smaller portions in stores.We should also check how much food we have before buying more.We shouldn’t bring much food we don’t need home even if large posters ask us to do so.
◆Develop the habit of packing food
Chinese customers are generous (慷慨的) and friendly.In restaurants,often too much food is ordered and served.So when ordering out,we are supposed to exclude the food in the order if we don’t plan to eat it.And order smaller servings in restaurants and take home what we cannot finish.
Don’t put it off! Let’s stop food waste today!
36．Why is our nation being encouraged to stop wasting food
A．Because there’s enough food for Chinese people.
B．Because Chinese consumers like to try delicious food.
C．Because the number of food wasted by us is growing fast.
D．Because it’s traditional to invite friends to dinner in China.
37．Miss Li is a housewife;she’d better at home.
A．keep a kitchen diary
B．buy things as much as possible
C．cook too much food for her family
D．keep the food as long as possible
38．In order to encourage more and more people to prevent food waste,we design a poster with the words .
A．Enjoy the food! B．Keep healthy!
C．Share the dish! D．Waste not,want not!
39．Your friend invites you to dinner,which of the following is NOT right
A．He asks for the right portions.
B．You leave a lot of food on the table.
C．You ask your friend to order less food.
D．He takes away the food that can still eat.
40．As teenagers,what should we do to stop food waste
A．Have a balanced diet.
B．Eat less food to keep fit.
C．Keep the balance of nature.
D．Have a good habit of clearing the plate.
【答案】36．C 37．A 38．D 39．B 40．D
【知识点】方法/策略
【分析】试题分析：这是一篇议论文，作者从三个方面谈论了中国消费者应该如何预防食物浪费。
36．题意：为什么我们的国家被鼓励停止浪费食物？考查细节理解题。根据In China, the amount of food wasted by Chinese consumers is increasing fast. So our nation is being encouraged to stop wasting food.，可知选C。
37．题意：李小姐是家庭主妇，她最好在家里 。考查细节理解题。A. keep a kitchen diary保存厨房日记；B. buy things as much as possible尽可能多地买东西；C. cook too much food for her family煮太多的食物给她的家人；D. keep the food as long as possible保持食物尽可能长。根据作者就预防食物浪费所提出的几点建议，可知选A。
38．题意：为了鼓励越来越多的人来防止食物浪费，我们设计了一个写有 的海报。考查综合理解题。A. Enjoy the food! 享受食物！B. Keep healthy! 保持健康！C. Share the dish! 分享这道菜！D. Waste not, want not! 不要浪费，不要浪费！根据文意，作者的写作目的就是呼吁消费者Let’s stop food waste today!，故选D。
39．题意：你的朋友请你吃饭，下列哪一个不正确？考查细节理解题。A. He asks for the right portions. 他要求正确的部分。B. You leave a lot of food on the table. 你把很多食物放在桌子上。C. You ask your friend to order less food.你要求你的朋友少点食物。D. He takes away the food that can still eat.他拿走了仍然可以吃的食物。根据We shouldn’t bring much food we don’t need home even if large posters ask us to do so.，可知选B。
40．题意：作为青少年，我们应该做些什么来阻止食物浪费？考查文意理解题。A. Have a balanced diet.均衡饮食。B. Eat less food to keep fit.吃更少的食物以保持健康。C. Keep the balance of nature.保持自然平衡。D. Have a good habit of clearing the plate.有清理盘子的好习惯。根据短文内容，作者谈论的是中国消费者应该如何预防食物浪费，可知跟健康饮食和保护自然无关，故选D。
Here is a report(成绩单) of the students’ English competition. Find the right answers to the following questions.
Items Group One Group Two Group Three Group Four
1.Answer correctly 67 71 76 78
2.Answer quickly 75 80 79 62
3.Answer humorously(幽默地) 69 68 81 77
4.Speak freely 81 83 84 85
5.Speak clearly 88 86 83 86
6.Speak loudly 90 93 91 91
7.Have good manners 79 74 75 79
8.Co-operate well 82 63 88 84
Average(平均数) 79 77 82 80
41．______ is the most humorous of the four groups
A．Group One B．Group Two C．Group Three
42．Group Two spoke as _____ as Group Four.
A．clearly B．quickly C．freely
43．Group Two did worst in “______”.
A．speak freely B．have good manners C．co-operate well
44．In answer correctly, Group Three got _____ more marks than Group One.
A．4 B．5 C．9
45．According to the report, which of the following is NOT true
A．Group Three is the winner of the competition.
B．Group One did as well as Group Four in “Answer quickly”.
C．All groups did best in “Speak loudly” of all the items.
【答案】41．C 42．A 43．C 44．C 45．B
【知识点】时文/广告/布告
【分析】试题分析：这篇短文包含了一个表格信息，展现在了四个小组在英语比赛中各个项目的得分，如回答正确得分，快速回答得分等等，已及平均分数。
41．细节理解题。根据表格内容，Answer humorously(幽默地)幽默的回答，分数最高的是Group Three, 81分；故此题选C。
42．细节理解题。根据表格内容得知，第二组和第四组在回答清楚上得分是一样的86分，所以选A，二组和四组回答得一样清楚。
43．细节理解题。根据表格内容得知，二组在Co-operate well合作项上得分最低，63分，故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据表格内容得知，三组在回答正确上得分是76分，一组的得分是67分，所以三组比一组多了9分，故选C。
45．判断推理题。根据表格内容得知，一组在Answer quickly快速回答上得分为75，而四组是62，故判断B错误。
考点：布告类短文阅读。
Is there a connection between music and language According to recent studies, the answer is yes: Music helps develop certain language abilities in the brain.
A study from Northwestern University shows that playing a musical instrument can improve a person’s hearing ability. As a part of the study, two groups of people listened to a person talking in a noisy room. The people in the first group were musicians, while those in the second group had no musical training. The musicians were found to be able to hear the talking person more clearly.
“Musicians hear better,” says study leader Nina Kraus, “because they learn to pay attention to certain sounds. For example, when the violinists play in an orchestra (管弦乐队) , they must listen closely to what they are playing and ignore (忽视) the other sounds. In this way, musicians can hear certain sounds better, even in a room with lots of noise.”
Gotfried Schlaug, a doctor at Harvard Medical School, works with strok (中风) patients. Because of their illness, these people cannot say their names, addresses, or other information normally. However, they can still sing. Dr. Schlaug was surprised to find singing words helped his patients finally speak. Why does this work Schlaug isn’t sure. Music seems to be able to make different parts of the brain active, including the bad parts. In some way, this helps patients use those parts of the brain again.
So music is not only enjoyable, but also good for us in many other ways. “Playing an instrument or singing,” says Nina Kraus, “can help us do better in school and keep our brain sharp as we get older.”
46．What is the correct structure of the passage (P1=Paragraph 1)
A． B． C．
47．What were the people in the first group asked to do in the study of Northwestern University
A．Give the second group musical training.
B．Find out what the talking person was saying.
C．Listen to different kinds of music in a noisy room.
48．Why does the writer use the example of violinists in Paragraph 3
A．To tell us how musicians ignore certain sounds.
B．To explain why musicians have better hearing ability.
C．To find out how musicians play instruments in an orchestra.
49．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Stroke patients can still sing.
B．Singing words helped the patients finally speak.
C．Music seems to be able to make bad parts of the brain active.
50．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To introduce different ways of playing music.
B．To give some advice about making our brain active.
C．To show the relationship between music and language abilities.
【答案】46．A 47．B 48．B 49．C 50．C
【知识点】说明文、科普知识
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了音乐可以提高大脑中的某些语言能力，以及音乐似乎能够使大脑的不同部分活跃起来，包括坏的部分，有助于患者再次使用大脑的那些部分。告诉我们音乐不仅令人愉快，而且在很多方面对我们都有好处。
46．篇章结构题。根据第一段“According to recent studies, the answer is yes: Music helps develop certain language abilities in the brain.”可知，第一段主要讲述音乐有助于开发大脑中的某些语言能力。根据第二段“The musicians were found to be able to hear the talking person more clearly.”可知第二段主要讲述音乐家们被发现能够更清楚地听到说话的人的声音。根据第三段“In this way, musicians can hear certain sounds better, even in a room with lots of noise.”可知，即使在噪音很大的房间里，音乐家也能更好地听到某些声音。根据第四段“Music seems to be able to make different parts of the brain active, including the bad parts.”可知，音乐似乎能够使大脑的不同部分活跃起来，包括不好的部分。根据第五段“So music is not only enjoyable, but also good for us in many other ways.”可知，音乐不仅令人愉快，而且在许多其他方面对我们也有好处。故本文先介绍了音乐有助于开发大脑中的某些语言能力。后又从三个方面介绍了音乐对我们的好处，最后总结音乐不仅令人愉快，而且在许多其他方面对我们也有好处。属于总分总结构。故选A。
47．细节理解题。根据第二段“As a part of the study, two groups of people listened to a person talking in a noisy room.”可知，作为研究的一部分，两组人在一个嘈杂的房间里听一个人谈话。故在西北大学的研究中第一组人被要求在嘈杂的房间里听出说话的人在说什么。故选B。
48．推理判断题。根据第三段“For example, when the violinists play in an orchestra (管弦乐队) , they must listen closely to what they are playing and ignore (忽视) the other sounds. In this way, musicians can hear certain sounds better, even in a room with lots of noise.”可知，当小提琴手在管弦乐队演奏时，他们必须仔细地听他们正在演奏的东西，而忽略其他声音。通过这种方法，音乐家可以更好地听到某些声音，即使是在有很多噪音的房间里。故作者用小提琴手的例子来解释为什么音乐家有更好的听力。故选B。
49．推理判断题。根据“Music seems to be able to make different parts of the brain active, including the bad parts.”可知，音乐似乎能够使大脑的不同部分活跃起来，包括不好的部分。又根据“In some way, this helps patients use those parts of the brain again.” 可知在某种程度上，这有助于患者再次使用大脑的这些部分。故“this”指代的是音乐似乎能够使大脑的不同部分活跃起来，包括不好的部分。故选C。
50．主旨大意题。根据第一段“According to recent studies,the answer is yes: Music helps develop certain language abilities in the brain.” 可知，根据最近的研究，答案是肯定的：音乐可以提高大脑中的某些语言能力。又根据全文可知，本文主要目的是为了说明音乐与语言能力的关系。故选C。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
题型过关第3讲 阅读理解
答题步骤（黄金三步）
速读题干，划关键词
先读问题（不看选项），圈出人名、地名、数字、时间等定位词。
明确题型：细节题？主旨题？猜词题？推断题？
带问题扫读原文，定位答案区间
根据题干关键词快速扫读文章，找到相关段落（通常按题号顺序出现）。
重点读：首尾段、每段首尾句、转折句（but/however）、因果句（because/so）。
对比选项，精准答题
细节题：答案一定是原文原句或同义替换（90%直接找，别脑补！）。
主旨题：看首尾段+各段主题句，选最全面、不片面的选项。
猜词题：联系上下文逻辑（并列、转折、举例），尤其看前后句解释。
推断题：必须有原文依据，避免主观臆断（选最接近原文的合理推论）。
二、关键技巧（避坑指南）
忠于原文：答案一定在文中，不要用自己的常识答题！
警惕绝对词：选项含always/never/all/none往往错误（除非原文明确说）。
关注同义替换：正确答案常换说法（e.g.原文"difficult"→选项"hard"）。
排除无中生有：选项内容原文未提，即使合理也排除！
重点标转折/因果：but, however, because, so 后常出考点！
三、时间管理
简单题（细节、猜词）：每题≤2分钟，直接定位秒杀。
难题（主旨、推断）：标记后跳过，做完回头补，不卡壳！
留3分钟复查：检查是否答非所问，选项是否看错。
四、题型速记口诀
细节定位抄原文，
主旨首尾找主题，
猜词看句上下文，
推断必有依据存！
The school art festival is coming. Different students are preparing different things for it.
Li Hua is good at painting. He is going to draw a picture of his school. He wants to show the beauty of his school through his painting. He has been working on it for a week and will finish it soon.
Wang Tao loves dancing. He is going to perform a traditional Chinese dance. He practices dancing every day after school. He hopes his performance can bring joy to everyone.
Liu Mei is interested in music. She is going to sing an English song at the festival. She has chosen a beautiful song and has been practicing it hard. She believes she can sing it well.
The art festival will be a great chance for students to show their talents. Everyone is looking forward to it.
1．What is Li Hua going to do for the school art festival
A．Sing a song.
B．Dance.
C．Draw a picture.
D．Write a story.
2．What kind of dance will Wang Tao perform
A．A modern dance.
B．A traditional Chinese dance.
C．A ballet.
D．A hip - hop dance.
3．What is Liu Mei going to sing
A．A Chinese song.
B．An English song.
C．A French song.
D．A Japanese song.
4．How long has Li Hua been working on his painting
A．For two weeks.
B．For a month.
C．For a week.
D．For three days.
5．What do the students think of the art festival
A．They think it's a waste of time.
B．They think it's a great chance to show their talents.
C．They think it's too difficult.
D．They think it's very boring.
Some people say that the young people today only think of themselves. But it’s not right. More and more young people in the USA work for others during their school holidays. And they don’t do it for money.
David, 17 I’m going to help the Forest Center build new roads in the mountains. It’s going to be great. I’ll spend all the summer holidays living in the tent (帐篷) and breathing (呼吸) the clean mountain air. I’m going to sleep under the stars. And I’ll be able to do something helpful at the same time.
Jason, 18 This summer, I’m going to take part in the Special House Program (项目). They build good, cheap houses and sell them to poor families. They’ll teach me what to do, so I’ll help people and also have a chance to learn how to build houses.
Tina, 16 I’m going to teach kids with problems in reading. I’ll work for a program called “Reading for Life”. Every day, I’m going to help kids read good books. I want to be a teacher, and I love children. So it will be helpful to me.
6．More and more young people in the USA spend ______ helping others.
A．school holidays B．weekdays C．every morning
7．What will David volunteer (志愿) to do in summer
A．Sleep under the stars.
B．Breathe the clean mountain air.
C．Help to build new roads in the mountains.
8．From the passage, we know that Jason ______.
A．likes reading B．is 18 years old C．is good at sports
9．______ wants to be a teacher.
A．David B．Jason C．Tina
10．What is the best title for the passage
A．Reading for Life B．The Forest Center C．Young American Volunteers
John and Nick are best friends and they play together almost every day. However, about a month ago, they got into a big fight.
It started on a Sunday when Nick went over to John’s house to play tennis. But John said he wanted to go to watch his elder brother’s football game instead. When Nick asked if he could go too, John said no. Nick felt hurt. He asked why he couldn’t go. John got angry and said, “I want to do something without you for a change!” On Monday at school, Nick was so angry that he left a note on John’s desk. John was really sad after reading the note.
What’s going on
Even the best friendship has problems. This is what happened between John and Nick. It doesn’t mean that there is anything wrong with the friendship. It just means that the two friends should not spend every minute together.
Ways to stop the fight:
John could:
★Apologize for the tone (语气) he used when he said he wanted to do something without Nick.
★Explain that sometimes he wants to stay alone.
★Promise to be nicer to Nick in the future.
Nick could:
★Say sorry for leaving the note and explain that it was a bad way to solve the problem.
Way to avoid (避免) the fight:
Open communication. There is a better way for John to let Nick know that he wants his own space.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
11．What did John plan to do that Sunday
A．Write a note to Nick.
B．Play tennis with Nick.
C．Watch a football game.
12．Which might be the words on Nick’s note
A．Friends are like books.
B．Neither of us is wrong.
C．We are not friends anymore.
13．What does the underlined word “Apologize” mean
A．Say sorry. B．Say yes. C．Say thanks.
14．Which can be a better way for John to stop the fight
A．Promise Nick to play football together.
B．Explain that sometimes he wants his own space.
C．Promise Nick not to hang out with other friends next time.
15．What does the writer want to tell us
A．One should never say no to his friends.
B．Friends should have open communication.
C．True friends shouldn’t fight with each other.
Winter Activities in Harbin
Planning to visit Harbin this winter Here are some of the best holiday activities. Many of them are suitable for the whole family.
Skating is a popular sport in Harbin. One important difference of skating here from other cities of China is: the playing field is moved to the ice surface. Skating is a high speed activity. When you come to Harbin in winter, don’t miss the pleasure when skating on the surface of Songhua River.
Snow falls early in Harbin and in many ski resorts (度假村)in Harbin and the ski season can last from early December to early April. The Yabuli Ski Resort is among the best in China. It is just a 2-hour drive from Harbin. This makes it a convenient place to try skiing.
Have fun in the snow with your kids in Harbin! Put on warm clothes and go outside from the hotel. Build a snowman, a snow castle (城堡), or make anything you like with snow. If you have time, take them to a park nearby. Both you and your kids will enjoy it!
Having a snowball fight is also a very interesting sport in the snow while traveling in Harbin. Several friends or the family members are divided into two groups, and fight each other with snowballs. You should be very quick, or you will be attacked (攻击).
Visiting Harbin in winter will be an unforgettable experience. From skating on the frozen Songhua River to having a snowball fight, there’s something for everyone to enjoy. So, whether you’re looking for excitement or simply want to spend time with your family or friends in this snow-covered land, Harbin is the perfect place for a holiday filled with joy, laughter, and memories that will last forever.
16．Choose the best sentence to fill in the “______” in Paragraph 2.
A．People will feel excited during the sport.
B．Skating on the ice surface can be dangerous.
C．It’s great fun to make a snowman on the ice surface.
D．The cold weather makes it difficult to skate in Harbin.
17．What does the underlined “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Snowmen. B．Snow castles. C．Your kids. D．Your clothes.
18．What is the most important in avoiding being hit with a snowball
A．Experience. B．Height. C．Weight. D．Speed.
19．What can we know about the Yabuli Ski Resort from the passage
A．The ski season there lasts for half a year.
B．It is not convenient to get there from Harbin.
C．It is known as one of the best ski resorts in China.
D．It offers only skiing activities and no other winter sports.
20．What would be the best structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
From an early age, Parker always said that he would be an astronaut when he grew up. But no matter (不管) how much he studied, worked, and took tests (考试), he never passed.
However, Parker went on working hard, and never gave up (放弃) his dream. He kept on training and studying every day.
He kept on doing it as he got older, and when he was a very old man, he heard that doctors in Space Agency were doing some very important medical experiments (实验). For those experiments, they needed a very old astronaut. Parker was the only old man in the whole world that was trained to fly in a rocket (火箭). He got the chance to fly this time.
The experiments were very successful. The knowledge (知识) from the experiments helped doctors to cure one of the worst illnesses (疾病) of old people.
People called him a hero. But Parker didn’t care about (关心) it, “I am just a real astronaut now. That is enough.” Parker said to the reporter.
21．What did Parker want to be when he was a child
A．A doctor. B．A train driver. C．An astronaut.
22．Why did Space Agency choose Parker
A．Because he was old and strong.
B．Because he had a dream of flying.
C．Because he was old and was trained to fly.
23．The underlined word “cure” means “________” in Chinese.
A．治愈 B．处理 C．操纵
24．People called Parker a hero because ________.
A．his dream came true
B．he was the oldest astronaut
C．he helped do the important medical experiments
25．What does the passage tell us
A．We are never too old to learn.
B．We should keep on with (继续) the dream.
C．We must do sports even if we are old.
The first teacher-parent meeting would be held in the school. To the little boy’s disappointment (失望), his mother said she would go. He felt sorry for her face. She was very beautiful, but there was a big scar (疤痕) on the right face.
At the meeting, the people noticed the mother’s kindness and beauty (善意和美丽) though she had the scar. But the little boy hid himself. After the meeting, the teacher asked his mother carefully, “How did you get the scar on your face ” The mother answered, “When my son was a baby, he was once in a room that caught fire. As I was running towards his bed, I saw a piece of wood (木头) coming towards his bed. I threw myself over to protect him. I was knocked down. Luckily, a fireman (消防队员) came in and saved both of us. But I got the scar.”
At that moment, the little boy came out with his eyes wet. He held his mother’s hand for the rest of the day.
26．The boy was sorry for his mother because ________.
A．his mother was not beautiful B．he didn’t love his mother C．there was a big scar on her face
27．The people at the meeting thought the mother was ________.
A．shy and beautiful B．kind and beautiful C．kind and shy
28．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The boy knew why his mother got the scar before.
B．The boy told his classmates why his mother got the scar.
C．The mother told the teacher about the scar after the meeting.
29．The mother got the scar when she ________.
A．slept in a room on fire B．protected her son C．rushed out of the room
30．The boy was ________ when he knew the truth (真相) at last.
A．moved (感动的) B．sad C．bored
NASA’s space scientists were closely watching a very large asteroid (小行星) that flew past Earth recently.
Asteroid 2015 DR215 was on NASA’s “close approach(接近)” list. But don’t worry, it was a safe distance (距离) away! It was thought to have passed Earth at a distance of 4.1 million miles away. So it was not a dangerous asteroid for us! The asteroid is around 1,600 feet wide, which is three times larger than the Great Pyramid in Egypt. What are asteroids Asteroids are large space rocks in our solar system (太阳系). Sometimes they are called NEOs-Near Earth Objects. Until today, about 26,000 asteroids have passed Earth, according to NASA．
There are lots of asteroids that NASA watches all the time. They are usually 140 meters or above and can be a threat (威胁). The last big asteroid to actually hit Earth was 66 million years ago. This one caused the dinosaurs to die out. In fact, many smaller asteroids fly to Earth the whole time. But because of their much smaller size, they get burnt up in the atmosphere (大气层) before they hit Earth. Therefore, they can’t bring serious results.
31．What were the NASA’s scientists closely watching recently
A．A strange plane. B．A small spaceship. C．A very small asteroid. D．A very large asteroid.
32．What’s the size of the asteroid
A．The asteroid is around 1,500 feet wide. B．The asteroid is around 1,000 feet wide.
C．The asteroid is around 1,600 feet wide. D．The asteroid is around 1,400 feet wide.
33．According to NASA, how many asteroids have passed Earth till today
A．200. B．2,600. C．26,000. D．260.
34．What happened when the last big asteroid to actually hit Earth about 66 million years ago
A．The earth died out. B．The dinosaurs to die out.
C．The animals died out. D．The living things died out.
35．Though many small asteroids fly to Earth the whole time, they can’t bring serious results, because ________.
A．their size is so small
B．they get burnt up in the atmosphere(大气层) before they hit Earth
C．both A and B
D．they are afraid of the earth
We all waste food,you and me,every day,millions of tons of it.In China,the amount of food wasted by Chinese consumers is increasing fast.So our nation is being encouraged to stop wasting food.
So what should Chinese consumers do to prevent food waste
◆Keep a kitchen diary
All of us should keep a kitchen diary,and we can know that how much food we waste at home.The first thing for us to do is to stop throwing away food that we can still eat.We should eat everything we buy and if we cannot,we should buy less.
◆Buy only what we need
We should ask for smaller portions in stores.We should also check how much food we have before buying more.We shouldn’t bring much food we don’t need home even if large posters ask us to do so.
◆Develop the habit of packing food
Chinese customers are generous (慷慨的) and friendly.In restaurants,often too much food is ordered and served.So when ordering out,we are supposed to exclude the food in the order if we don’t plan to eat it.And order smaller servings in restaurants and take home what we cannot finish.
Don’t put it off! Let’s stop food waste today!
36．Why is our nation being encouraged to stop wasting food
A．Because there’s enough food for Chinese people.
B．Because Chinese consumers like to try delicious food.
C．Because the number of food wasted by us is growing fast.
D．Because it’s traditional to invite friends to dinner in China.
37．Miss Li is a housewife;she’d better at home.
A．keep a kitchen diary
B．buy things as much as possible
C．cook too much food for her family
D．keep the food as long as possible
38．In order to encourage more and more people to prevent food waste,we design a poster with the words .
A．Enjoy the food! B．Keep healthy!
C．Share the dish! D．Waste not,want not!
39．Your friend invites you to dinner,which of the following is NOT right
A．He asks for the right portions.
B．You leave a lot of food on the table.
C．You ask your friend to order less food.
D．He takes away the food that can still eat.
40．As teenagers,what should we do to stop food waste
A．Have a balanced diet.
B．Eat less food to keep fit.
C．Keep the balance of nature.
D．Have a good habit of clearing the plate.
Here is a report(成绩单) of the students’ English competition. Find the right answers to the following questions.
Items Group One Group Two Group Three Group Four
1.Answer correctly 67 71 76 78
2.Answer quickly 75 80 79 62
3.Answer humorously(幽默地) 69 68 81 77
4.Speak freely 81 83 84 85
5.Speak clearly 88 86 83 86
6.Speak loudly 90 93 91 91
7.Have good manners 79 74 75 79
8.Co-operate well 82 63 88 84
Average(平均数) 79 77 82 80
41．______ is the most humorous of the four groups
A．Group One B．Group Two C．Group Three
42．Group Two spoke as _____ as Group Four.
A．clearly B．quickly C．freely
43．Group Two did worst in “______”.
A．speak freely B．have good manners C．co-operate well
44．In answer correctly, Group Three got _____ more marks than Group One.
A．4 B．5 C．9
45．According to the report, which of the following is NOT true
A．Group Three is the winner of the competition.
B．Group One did as well as Group Four in “Answer quickly”.
C．All groups did best in “Speak loudly” of all the items.
Is there a connection between music and language According to recent studies, the answer is yes: Music helps develop certain language abilities in the brain.
A study from Northwestern University shows that playing a musical instrument can improve a person’s hearing ability. As a part of the study, two groups of people listened to a person talking in a noisy room. The people in the first group were musicians, while those in the second group had no musical training. The musicians were found to be able to hear the talking person more clearly.
“Musicians hear better,” says study leader Nina Kraus, “because they learn to pay attention to certain sounds. For example, when the violinists play in an orchestra (管弦乐队) , they must listen closely to what they are playing and ignore (忽视) the other sounds. In this way, musicians can hear certain sounds better, even in a room with lots of noise.”
Gotfried Schlaug, a doctor at Harvard Medical School, works with strok (中风) patients. Because of their illness, these people cannot say their names, addresses, or other information normally. However, they can still sing. Dr. Schlaug was surprised to find singing words helped his patients finally speak. Why does this work Schlaug isn’t sure. Music seems to be able to make different parts of the brain active, including the bad parts. In some way, this helps patients use those parts of the brain again.
So music is not only enjoyable, but also good for us in many other ways. “Playing an instrument or singing,” says Nina Kraus, “can help us do better in school and keep our brain sharp as we get older.”
46．What is the correct structure of the passage (P1=Paragraph 1)
A． B． C．
47．What were the people in the first group asked to do in the study of Northwestern University
A．Give the second group musical training.
B．Find out what the talking person was saying.
C．Listen to different kinds of music in a noisy room.
48．Why does the writer use the example of violinists in Paragraph 3
A．To tell us how musicians ignore certain sounds.
B．To explain why musicians have better hearing ability.
C．To find out how musicians play instruments in an orchestra.
49．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Stroke patients can still sing.
B．Singing words helped the patients finally speak.
C．Music seems to be able to make bad parts of the brain active.
50．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To introduce different ways of playing music.
B．To give some advice about making our brain active.
C．To show the relationship between music and language abilities.

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