资源简介 (共38张PPT)专题一 词法篇第4讲 介词(短语)◎高瞻远瞩→研究如何考◎真题再现题型 高考典例 设题角度解读语法填空 1.(2024全国新高考Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands a great achievement in contemporary design. 2.(2024全国甲卷)This area,with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty,must be well preserved all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. 3.(2024全国甲卷改编)When we arrived,we went straight a famous restaurant and ordered dishes,which tasted greatly. 1.考查介词的基本用法2.考查固定搭配中的介词asfor to 题型 高考典例 设题角度解读语法填空 4.(2024北京卷)One day,I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought myself,“Why would he carry all his books?” 5.(2023全国新高考Ⅱ卷改编)And I want to know who the panda keepers speak English ? 6.(2023全国新高考Ⅰ卷)There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup,and the wrappers are pressed hand rather than rolled. 1.考查介词的基本用法2.考查固定搭配中的介词to with by1. 考查介词。句意:温室是当代设计的一大成就。根据句意可知,空格处指的是“作为”,应用介词as。故填as。2.考查介词。句意:这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景,必须作为国家公园保护好,为了国家所有的人都能享受。介词for表目的,表示“为了国家所有的人”。 故填for。3. 考查介词。句意:当我们到达时,我们直接去了一家著名的餐馆,点了一些菜,味道很好。go straight to为固定搭配,意为“径直前往……”。to为介词。4.考查介词。句意:我心想,“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着?”think to oneself为固定搭配,意为“心想,暗想”。故填to。5.考查介词。句意:我想知道他们和谁说英语?根据语境可知,此处强调双向交流,应用固定搭配speak with sb.,意为“与某人交谈”。故填with。6. 考查介词。句意:在那里,你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包,更少的汤,包子皮是用手压的,而不是擀出来的。by hand为固定搭配,意为“用手”。故填by。解题策略▼“是否有宾语”作依据:介词必须要接宾语。宾语通常由名词、代词、动词的-ing形式或what从句充当。若空格后是名词、代词或动词的-ing形式且它们在句中不作主语或动词的宾语,则空格处要考虑填介词。▼“四种方法”来确定所填介词:1.根据介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系;2.根据语境含义,结合介词用法;3.根据特殊的结构关系,如接复合宾语常用with或without;4.根据介词与动词等的搭配。常考介词及其用法▼表示时间的介词◎核心精讲→归纳如何学◎介词 用法 示例at 表示时间点、时刻等 at 6 o’clock在六点钟at daybreak在黎明on 表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上(常有前置定语或后置定语修饰) on Monday afternoon在周一下午on a rainy morning在一个雨天的上午介词 用法 示例in 表示在某段较长的时间内(用在世纪、年份、月份、季节、上午、下午、晚上等的前面) in the 20th century在20世纪in winter在冬季in September在9月in the morning在上午since+时间点 意为“自从……以来”,常与延续性动词的完成时连用 Tom has been doing his homework since 7 o’clock.汤姆从七点开始就一直在做他的家庭作业。for+时间段 长达 Mr Brown lived there for almost fifteen years after his retirement.布朗先生退休后在那里生活了差不多15年。介词 用法 示例during 在……期间 during the class在课堂上until/till 直到 until/till midnight直到深夜by 到……为止;不迟于…… by 7 o’clock七点前介词 用法 示例in/after+时间段 意为“在……之后”;“in+时间段”常与将来时连用;“after+时间段”常与过去时连用 My father will be back in three days.我父亲将在三天后回来。My father came back after three days.我父亲三天后回来了。before 在……之前 before the end of the year在年底之前over 在……期间;直到……结束 over these years这些年来[名师点津]1.当时间名词前有this,that,last,next,every或each等词修饰时,通常不用任何介词。2.“on/upon+名词或动词的-ing形式”结构可以表示“一……就……”。▼表示空间和方位的介词▼表示工具、手段、方式的介词介词 用法 示例with 多指用具体的工具、身体的某部位或器官 with a pencil用铅笔by 侧重于使用某种方法、手段或乘坐某种交通工具 by hand手工by ship乘船in 指使用某种语言、笔墨等 in pen用钢笔in English用英语on 多用于固定词组中 on the radio/on TV通过收音机/电视▼表示“除……之外”的介词(短语)介词(短语) 用法besides 意为“除……之外(还有)”,相当于in addition toexcept 意为“除……之外(别无)”,可接名词、代词或介词短语but 意为“除……之外”(=except)apart from 既可相当于besides或in addition to,也可相当于except forother than 意为“除……之外(别无)”[名师点津]1.but常用于nobody,none,no one,nothing,anything, everyone, all 之后;作为连词,后接不定式时,如果前面为实义动词do,则不定式中的to省略。2.besides还可作副词,意为“另外;而且”,在句中常用作插入语。3.except还可用作连词,后接从句。▼表示原因的介词(短语)介词(短语) 示例for,because of,due to,thanks to,owing to,on account of,as a result of The open-air celebration has been put off because of the bad weather.因为天气不好,这次户外庆祝会被推迟了。Owing to the emergency,the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.由于突发情况,航班延误了好几个小时。常考介词短语及搭配▼与名词的搭配at a time 一次 at a loss 困惑;不知所措at first sight 乍一看 at table 在吃饭by mistake 错误地 by the way 顺便说一下in charge of 负责 in return 作为回报in turn 依次;反过来 in shape 健康状况良好in trouble 处于困境中 on purpose 故意地on holiday 在度假 in time 及时on time 准时 on average 平均in honour of… 向……表示敬意in place of 代替 lack of 缺乏in memory of… 为了纪念……in addition to 除了 by hand 手工on the contrary 与此相反on account of 由于 on behalf of 代表approach to… ……的方法visit to… 到……的访问;访问……for the sake of 为了 by means of 借助the reason for… ……的原因by accident/chance 偶然beyond one’s reach 够不着in advance 在前头;事先;预先in the long run 从长远来看beyond description 无法形容at the cost of… 以……为代价in support/favour of 支持;支援in terms/view of 鉴于;根据for the purpose of… 以……为目的for the benefit of… 以……为利益on the way to… 在去……的路上on the basis of… 以……为基础out of breath/balance 上气不接下气/失去平衡to one’s surprise/astonishment令某人惊奇/吃惊的是under construction/consideration 建设/考虑中▼与动词的搭配apply for 申请 call at 拜访(地点)refer to 谈到;涉及;查阅result from 由……引起 suffer from 遭受approve of 赞成 complain of/about 抱怨consist of… 由……组成dream of 梦到;梦见 think of 想起call on 拜访(某人) depend/rely on 依靠result in/lead to 导致 belong to 属于date from/back to 追溯到protect…from 保护……不受伤害succeed in… 在……方面成功keep/prevent/stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事answer for… 对……负责▼与形容词的搭配be aware of 意识到be proud of… 以……为荣be tired of 厌倦be angry with sb. 对某人生气be eager for 渴望be absent from 缺席be sure of/about… 对……有信心;确信be familiar with… 熟悉……be familiar to… 为……所熟悉be patient with… 对……有耐心be happy/pleased/satisfied with… 对……满意be popular with/among… 受……欢迎be strict with sb. 对某人严格be addicted to… 对……上瘾;沉溺于……feel/be ashamed of… 对……感到羞耻be beneficial to… 对……有益处be devoted to 致力于;献身于be similar to… 与……相似be confident in… 对……有信心be anxious about/for 忧虑;担心be crazy about 热衷;着迷be curious about… 对……好奇be particular about 挑剔be suitable for/to 适合于be available to… 对……可用;可供……使用▼其他搭配far from 远离 ahead of 在……前面;领先▼易错的搭配with the help/assistance of… 在……的帮助下a hole in the wall 墙上的一个洞a bird in the tree 树上的一只鸟apples on the tree 树上的苹果tickets for the concert 音乐会的门票in the direction of… 朝着……的方向set an example to sb. 给某人树立榜样under the leadership of… 在……的领导下the article in the newspaper 报纸上的文章Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Helen was walking down the street late the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. 2.He flew 4,700 kilometres Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept.20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 3.May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. ◎冲关训练→专练如何解◎infrom by1. in the evening为固定搭配,意为“在晚上”。故填in。2.句意:在九月二十日,他从4700千米外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据语境和空格后的“Xi’an to Kashgar”可知,此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”,应用介词from。故填from。3. 句意:在2019年11月27日,联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据语境可知,此处表示“被联合国命名”,应用介词by。故填by。4.Giant pandas also serve an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 5.Luc Gandarias, who is now thirteen, went blind suddenly age seven. 6.In the future, robots will do boring jobs place of people in order not to get us bored. 7.The Xi’an City Wall was built originally to protect the city the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored. asatinin4. 句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语serve as 意为“充当;担当”。故填as。5. 句意:Luc Gandarias今年13岁,他在7岁时突然失明。表示“在……岁时”,应用介词at。故填at。6. 根据语境可知,此处指机器人将代替人们做无聊的工作。in place of为固定搭配,意为“代替”。故填in。7. 根据语境及空格后的“the Tang Dynasty”可知,此处指西安长城最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,应用介词in。故填in。8.Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types trips are now being classified as ecotourism. 9.After that I poured oil into a pan and turned the stove, I waited patiently until the oil was hot. 10.Bamboo plants are associated health, abundance and a happy home. of onwith 8.句意:由于环保和探险旅游的盛行,现在多种旅游正被归类为生态旅游。various types of为固定短语,意为“各种各样的”。故填of。9. 句意:之后我把油倒进一个平底锅,然后开火。根据“I poured oil into a pan”及常识可知,把油倒进锅里后应是打开炉子,所以此处用介词on。故填on。10.句意:竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with…为固定短语,意为“和……联系在一起”。故填with。Ⅱ.语法填空The “Spring Fair”, featuring diverse Chinese cultural activities, was held on Sunday at the Garden of Serenity, a traditional Chinese garden1. Santa Lucija, Malta. The fair, jointly organised 2. the China Cultural Centre in Malta and the Santa Lucija local council, offered participants the opportunity to indulge in Chinese tea and cuisine, experience the art of calligraphy, and even try 3. Han Chinese clothing. inbyon The event’s highlight was the performances by members 4. the Malta School of Wushu-Longgui, who showcased amazing dragon dances and martial arts, attracting many audiences. Tai Chi performance, traditional Chinese folk music, and popular songs also gained loud cheers and applause. from5. the opening ceremony, Charmaine St John, mayor of Santa Lucija, said that the Garden of Serenity is “ a symbol of friendship6. Malta and China.” She noted that cultural integration has always been a proposition(主张) 7. the Maltese government, and that cooperation between the two sides should be based 8. equality and mutual benefit in order to be sustainable. One of the participants, 12-year-old Nathan Zammit, wrote his name in Chinese characters 9. a brush at the booth of the Confucius Institute at the University of Malta. He was excited to experience calligraphy and showed admiration 10. Chinese culture, despite not having visited China. Atbetweenof onwithfor 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览