资源简介

UNIT 4　HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·太原模拟）It was not until photographer Rita Nannini left New York that she grew fascinated by the city’s subways.While living in Manhattan for some 15 years in the 1980s and early 1990s， Nannini only commuted （通勤） on the one train — given the subway system’s bad reputation.But after relocating to New Jersey for several years where the subway is not an option， Nannini found that absence did make the heart grow fonder — maybe even for pizza rats.During her visit back to New York， Nannini nodded， noticing improvements in the subway’s facilities.
　　While Nannini was waiting for a train， a bench on the platform opposite caught her attention due to the ever-changing faces and characters.They were people of different accents， colors and beliefs.They were from all walks of life， a diverse mix of New Yorkers all there for their own different reasons.Having learned the teenagers’ popular “End of the Line” challenge — boarding trains at random and riding them until their final destinations， Nannini decided to visit every first and last stop across the NY subway’s lines with her beloved camera.
　　Nannini’s “End of the Line” experience saw her traveling some 665 miles across 26 routes in New York City.She took over 8，000 photos of the final stations， as well as the communities they served.In many cases， she rode the routes two or three times over to ensure she got “the shot”.“The project really shows me how important the subway is， and how sustainable it makes our lives，” she said.
　　“It’s often said that my photos show the end of the lines — the last stops，” she said.“But the end of the line is indeed the start for so many people.That made me think about who the people and the communities that live at the two ends are and what it is that the subway means to them.” Nannini was proud of her set of images directly challenging the traditions of story telling， which echoed both the boredom and excitement of travel on tracks.
　　Nannini enjoyed taking her time， starting her challenge in 2013 and only shooting the final photos last year.Her first monograph on the terminals of the NY subway was released in April 2023.
　　“When you drive in the suburbs， you don’t have those encounters，” she continued.“People enter your life on the subway.That’s what strikes me most on my journey on tracks.”
1.How did Nannini find the New York subway during her revisit？（　　）
A.It turned out fine. B.It was depressing.
C.It still held the same bad reputation. D.It would be her only commuting option.
2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？（　　）
A.The diversity of New Yorkers’ daily life.
B.The inspiration for Nannini’s subway shots.
C.The popularity of “End of the Line” challenge.
D.The challenges of Nannini’s job as a photographer.
3.What can we infer from Nannini’s “End of the Line” experience？（　　）
A.Her way of telling stories is traditional.
B.She expressed sympathy for the subway riders.
C.Her photography is highly expected by the encounters.
D.She found life on tracks was more interesting than life on wheels.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text？（　　）
A.“End of the Line” Challenge：A New Trend in NY Subways
B.The Road Home：Rita Nannini’s Record of Her Subway Ride
C.Last Stop to New Start：A Photographer’s Rediscovery of NY Subways
D.New Yorkers’ Routine：A Surprising Mixture of Boredom and Excitement
B
　　（2025·安徽江南十校联考）It has become as much a part of our daily lives as getting our to-go coffee： the screen turn.It’s the moment when you’ve ordered your coffee， and the barista （咖啡师） turns the payment screen toward you with a dialog box asking you for a tip.
　　Tipping is on the rise across the US as more and more businesses have started asking for a little extra： fast food restaurants， grocery stores， online stores， stadiums， and even self-checkout machines are now asking for a tip these days.
　　Social media is filled with people who are confused about tipping.One woman posted a video online after being asked to tip for her Subway sandwich.“Do we tip at Subway？” she asks.“Is that a thing？ Tell me！” Another woman has also expressed shock over being asked to tip at a self-checkout station at an airport.“I don’t want to be the person who doesn’t tip，” she says.“But who am I tipping？”
　　Sean Jung， a professor at Boston University， realized tipping had fundamentally changed when he was grabbing a take-out burrito （玉米馅饼） one afternoon.Jung was getting ready to pay， when the cashier turned the screen around， asking for a tip.“Suddenly， I’m looking at this screen， and I’m literally pressing a 20% tip for a burrito，” Jung recalls.“I remember thinking this is strange.You would never expect to pay a tip at a quick service restaurant.”
　　How， exactly， did we get to the place where we’re tipping 20% for our takeout burritos？ “It goes back to the pandemic，” says Shubhranshu Singh， a professor at Johns Hopkins Carey Business School.He says during the pandemic， we started tipping more than usual as a way to support essential workers at a time of crisis.“The pandemic went away，” says Singh， “but the tips didn’t.”
5.The barista’s purpose of turning the screen is 　　　　.（　　）
A.to show some commercials B.to promote new coffee options
C.to speed up the ordering process D.to require extra money
6.What caused the two women’s confusion in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.They were not used to tipping. B.They had no idea how much to tip.
C.They didn’t see the necessity of tipping. D.They didn’t receive good service.
7.Why did the pandemic make people tip more？（　　）
A.Customers had more available money.
B.Customers used more remote payments.
C.Customers were more grateful for the service.
D.Customers expected the crisis to be over soon.
8.What would be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A.Tipping Culture Going out of Control B.Online Videos about Tipping
C.An Academic Look into Tipping Culture D.Reasons Why We Should Tip More
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2025·无锡模拟）Maureen Stanko always felt her son， Nick， had so much to give.Nick is 20 and is suffering from autism.Despite her 　9　 he had so much to give， what he would do after graduation 　10　 his mom up at night.
　　In Pennsylvania， where they live， students with disabilities are 　11　 to stay in school until they are 22 years old.Stanko says she’s 　12　 from many parents of kids with disabilities that they worry about their kids’ 　13　.
　　She brought her worry to Nick’s therapist， Tyler Kammerle， who told her he had a 　14　 of opening a restaurant to 　15　 people with disabilities.They teamed up with philanthropist Kathy Opperman to make that 　16　 a reality， and about two years later， “so much to give” was no longer just Stanko’s saying.It was a 　17　.
　　They opened the So Much To Give Inclusive Cafe in Pennsylvania in January 2023.They employ 63 people — 80% of employees have a 　18　.But the cafe is not only a place to 　19　， it’s become a safe space for others with disabilities to dine.
　　Stanko didn’t know if Nick would be able to work at the cafe because of his disability.But he’s exceeded her 　20　 and helps out at the cafe before it opens， 　21　 the tables before diners arrive.
　　Stanko didn’t stop at the cafe and she opened up the Inspiration Studio， where they teach music， life skills， crafts and other 　22　 for people with disabilities.She believed what she had done was 　23　， which gave her a sense of achievement.
9.（　）A.guessing　　　　 B.doubting　　　　　　C.knowing　　　　　 D.proving
10.（　）A.made B.took C.turned D.kept
11.（　）A.expected B.demanded C.allowed D.proposed
12.（　）A.heard B.received C.requested D.consulted
13.（　）A.health B.future C.scores D.lessons
14.（　）A.goal B.concept C.method D.belief
15.（　）A.change B.treat C.train D.employ
16.（　）A.dream B.view C.chance D.scene
17.（　）A.school B.store C.restaurant D.factory
18.（　）A.hobby B.disability C.skill D.diploma
19.（　）A.play B.relax C.study D.work
20.（　）A.conditions B.requirements C.opinions D.expectations
21.（　）A.looking over B.setting up C.turning down D.coming across
22.（　）A.classes B.topics C.choices D.fields
23.（　）A.difficult B.typical C.rewarding D.efficient
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　Many people go to Beijing’s traditional temple fairs during the Spring Festival for ritual praying， entertainment， snacks， and buying crafts. It is a great opportunity 24.　　　　　　 （experience） local culture and traditions.
　　Temple fairs in Old Beijing were 25.　　　　 （regular） held around large and well-known temples， which had their particular flavors and styles. Visiting temple fairs was a major pastime in the lives of Beijing residents.
　　According to 1930 statistics， there 26.　　　　 （be） 20 temples， 16 in the suburbs and two in downtown area. The most famous temple fairs were the White Pagoda Temple Fair， Huguo Temple Fair， and Longfu Temple Fair.
　　Temple fairs were entertainment venues for ordinary people. Therefore， everything in them was closely related 27.　　　　　　 daily life. Yet temple fairs also stood out beyond everyday life， thus 28.　　　　　　 （give） both physical and spiritual pleasure to visitors， be they male or female， young or old.
Traditional Beijing temple fairs are a type of folk activity along with Beijing leisure culture. Family members， especially the kids are excited to play various games 29.　　　　　　 （offer） in temple fairs and watch folk performances. The reason 30.　　　　　　 Beijing temple fairs have been passed on is that they adapt to the needs of society. The initial formation and development of temple fairs is about the religious 31.　　　　　　 （activity） inside the temples. Over time， temple fairs 32.　　　　　　 （become） the main markets for people， which are mainly to meet the needs of 33.　　　　　　 general public.
UNIT 4　HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了摄影师Rita Nannini重回纽约后，对纽约地铁的态度的转变过程。1.A　推理判断题。 根据第一段中的Nannini found that absence did make ... noticing improvements in the subway’s facilities可知，在Nannini重回纽约之后，Nannini对纽约地铁的设施改进表示赞赏。由此可推知，她重返纽约后对地铁感到满意。
2.B　段落大意题。根据第二段可知，当她在等火车的时候，那些等车的人吸引了她的注意。还有，青少年中流行的坐火车的方式激发了她的好奇心，所以她决定带上相机，开始坐纽约地铁从第一站到最后一站。因此，本段主要讲了Nannini地铁拍摄的灵感来源。
3.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，她认为开车的话就不会遇到这些在地铁上偶遇的事情；当你坐地铁的时候，人们会进入你的生活。这是她坐地铁最大的感悟。由此推知，她认为坐地铁的生活比开车更有趣。
4.C　标题归纳题。文章介绍了摄影师Nannini对纽约地铁态度的改观，还提到了她从第一站坐到最后一站，拍下最后一站的经历，同时提及她对“地铁终点站也是始发站”这一观点的思考。由此可知，本文围绕摄影师Nannini对纽约地铁的新发现展开。因此，C项为本文最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国各地小费逐渐失控的现象，许多场所开始提示给小费，消费者对此感到困惑。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的It’s the moment when you’ve ordered your coffee， and the barista （咖啡师） turns the payment screen toward you with a dialog box asking you for a tip.可知，咖啡师转动屏幕的目的是要额外的钱。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，这两位女士之所以感到困惑，是因为她们认为在某些情况下给小费是没有必要的。
7.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的He says during the pandemic， we started tipping more than usual as a way to support essential workers at a time of crisis.可知，流行病会让人们付更多小费是因为顾客对非常时期的服务更加感激。
8.A　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国各地小费逐渐失控的现象，许多场所开始提示给小费，消费者对此感到困惑。因此，A项（小费文化失控）为文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Maureen Stanko的儿子Nick患有自闭症，作为母亲的她和其他爱心人士一起专门开了一家招聘残疾人的餐厅。
9.C　根据文章首句可知，作为母亲的Maureen Stanko知道儿子Nick虽然患有自闭症，但他可以做很多事。
10.D　本句以Despite开头，暗示下半句陈述的是与上半句相反的情形。上半句说明母亲对儿子的自信，下半句则说明母亲的担心。keep sb up at night表示“让某人晚上无法入睡”。
11.C　在宾夕法尼亚州，残疾学生被允许留在学校，直到22岁。
12.A　下文提到的they worry about their kids’是Stanko从很多残疾孩子家长那里听说的信息。
13.B　根据上文what he would do after graduation可知，这里讨论的是残疾孩子的未来。
14.A　下文提到的opening a restaurant是Tyler Kammerle的一个目标。
15.D　根据第四段中They employ 63 people — 80% of employees ...可知，他们开餐厅的目的是招聘残疾人就业。
16.A　他们与慈善家Kathy Opperman一起合作，把开餐厅这个梦想变成现实。
17.C　大约两年后，“so much to give”不仅仅是Stanko的一句口号，而是一家实实在在的餐厅。
18.B　根据上文可知，他们开餐厅的初衷是帮助残疾人，因此该餐厅里有80%的员工都是身体有残疾的。
19.D　上文提到残疾人在该餐厅工作的情况，这里指出该餐厅不仅仅是残疾人工作的地方，还是他们就餐的地方。
20.D　根据下文可知，事实上Nick超出了母亲的期望。
21.B　在餐厅开业前Nick就来帮忙了，他在客人到来之前摆放好桌子。set up表示“摆放”。
22.A　上文提到的music， life skills， crafts等都是Stanko所创办的灵感工作室教授的一些课程。
23.C　根据下文which gave her a sense of achievement可知，Stanko认为自己所做的事是值得的。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了北京庙会这一中国传统民俗文化活动。
24.to experience　考查非谓语动词。opportunity to do sth是固定用法，表示“做某事的机会”，动词不定式短语作后置定语。
25.regularly　考查词形转换。本空后面是谓语动词held，因此这里应用一个副词来修饰它。
26.were　考查时态和主谓一致。本空后面是复数形式20 temples且陈述过去的事实，因此用were。
27.to　考查介词。be related to是固定短语，表示“与……有关系”。
28.giving　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，这里逗号后面部分是状语，且本句主语temple fairs与动词give之间是主动关系，因此用动词-ing形式。
29.offered　考查非谓语动词。这里名词games与后面动词offer之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语。
30.why　考查定语从句。本空前面的The reason是先行词，这里由关系副词why引导一个定语从句，why在从句中作状语。
31.activities　考查名词复数。根据语境可知，这里应该指“各种宗教活动”，因此用可数名词activity的复数形式。
32.have become　考查时态。本句时间状语为Over time，表示“随着时间的推移和延续”，应用现在完成时。
33.the　考查冠词。the （general） public是固定用法，表示“大众”。
4 / 4Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破
　　With the Earth Day approaching ， our monitor announced to us that we should take action for a 　　　　（green） Earth.I， as well as other students living in the 　　　（surround） communities， volunteered to spend a day cleaning up our neighborhood， whose aim was to raise people’s awareness of protecting the environment. On that day， we were divided into four groups， each of 　　　　 had different assignments， including cleaning the windows， putting bikes in order， putting up posters and picking up amounts of trash. 微技能热身 1.①处单词approaching与短语　　　　　　　　　同义。 2.②处应填　　　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　　　。 4.④处应填　　　　　　。
句型公式：with复合结构
【教材原句】 The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes， with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石（爱尔兰）岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
【写美】 微写作/句式升级
①埃娃凝视着那座高耸的教学楼，想出了一个好主意，笑容在她脸上绽放开来。
Staring at the towering teaching building， Eva came up with a good idea， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（with复合结构）
【归纳】
with复合结构在句中作状语，其结构为：
（1）with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词；
（2）with＋宾语＋doing （表示主动或进行）；
（3）with＋宾语＋done （表示被动或完成）；
（4）with＋宾语＋to do （表示将来的动作）。
【佳句】 With a broad smile spreading on his face，he told me that he was proud of my wonderful performance. （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）
他脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容，告诉我他为我的精彩表现感到骄傲。
as well as 同（一样也）；和；还
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Our headteacher as well as five student representatives 　　　　　　（invite） to deliver a speech at yesterday’s coming-of-age ceremony.
【写美】 微写作
②“我保证会信守诺言。”我补充道，同时把我的手表和名片递给他。
“I promise I will keep my word，” I added， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）
【归纳】
（1）as well as意为“既……又……”，可连接两个平行结构，连接并列主语时谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
（2）as well意为“也；又；还”，位于句末。
（3）may/might （just） as well do sth
最好还是做某事；不妨做某事
【佳句】 It was your efforts as well as your professional guidance that helped me make great progress.（感谢信）
是您的付出和专业的指导帮助我取得了很大进步。
　　When studying in the UK， I was no longer puzzled about when England got Wales， Scotland and Ireland 　　　　 （join） to it or when the southern part of Ireland broke away.The four countries 　　　　（belong） to the UK use the same currency and military 　　　　（defend） ， but they have different legal systems.There was a lot of evidence that showed the Great Britain was invaded by the Romans， the Vikings as well as the Normans. 微技能热身 1.①处应填　　　　。 2.②处应填　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　。 4.句④中的that引导　　　　从句。
break away （from sb/sth） 脱离；背叛；逃脱
【练通】 用break的相关短语填空
①My dog suddenly 　　　　　　　　　　me， charged at the door and began to bark fiercely.
②In my opinion， marriage based on money is likely to 　　　　　　　　.
【写美】 微写作
③听到这个消息，他崩溃了，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。
He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， tears pouring down his cheeks. （神态描写）
【归纳】
break up　　　打碎；分裂；解体；（关系等）破裂
break down 垮掉；出故障
break into 破门而入
break in 破门而入；打断；插话
break out （战争、洪水、火灾等）爆发
【佳句】 My father carefully cut the pumpkin open， so I finally had my head break away from it. （动作描写）
我的父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开，所以我的头终于从南瓜中出来了。
belong to 属于；是……的成员；是……的组成部分
【练通】 单句语法填空
①The house 　　　　　　（belong） to us was burnt to the ground， but we didn’t lose hope and decided to rebuild it with the help of the government.
【写美】 微写作
②正是因为你的慷慨帮助，我很快就产生了归属感，适应了新环境。
It is because of your generous assistance 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and adapted to the new surroundings.
【归纳】
belongings n. 　　　　　动产；财物
a sense of belonging 归属感
【佳句】 Putting the book where it belonged， the boy tiptoed out of the room as lightly as possible.（动作描写）
男孩把书放在原处，尽可能轻地踮起脚尖出了房间。
【点津】 belong to没有被动语态和进行时态，用作非谓语时要使用动词-ing形式。
　　I am eager 　　　　　（visit） the ancient city of Rome. While 　　　　　　（visit） ， I plan to explore the Colosseum and Vatican City. The stunning architecture and art are truly 　　　　　　（一场视觉盛宴） . I will stay for an extra day if necessary， to make sure I don’t miss any of the historic treasures this magnificent city has to offer. 微技能热身 1.①处应填　　　　。 2.②处应填　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　　　　　　　　。
eager adj.热切的；渴望的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Learning that you’re leaving for the United States soon， I’m 　　　　　　（eager） writing to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help.
②When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday， the boy couldn’t hide his 　　　　　　（eager）.
【写美】 微写作
③每个人都渴望成功，但成功只属于那些意志坚定和坚持不懈的人。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， but success only belongs to those who are determined and persevering.
【归纳】
（1）be eager to do sth　　渴望做某事
be eager for sth 渴望得到某物
（2）eagerness n. 热切；渴望
with eagerness 热切地；急切地
（3）eagerly adv. 热切地；急切地
【佳句】 I ran all the way home because I was very eager to announce the good news that I won the first prize in the writing contest to my parents. （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）
我一路跑回家，因为我特别渴望向我的父母宣布我在写作比赛中获得第一名的好消息。
【联想】 “渴望”表达法：
be dying for　　　　　be thirsty for
句型公式：if条件状语从句的省略形式
【教材原句】 So what is the difference between them， if any？
如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？
【写美】 微写作
①如果是这样的话，我真诚地邀请你和我的家人一起庆祝中秋节；如果不行的话，我会向你推荐一些附近的迷人景点。
　　　　　　　　，I sincerely invite you to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival with my family.　　　　　　，I will recommend some nearby fascinating scenic spots to you.
②如果有必要，我校将为学生提供语言培训课程。
　　　　　　　　， our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
【归纳】
if ever　　　　如果有过/发生过的话
if so 如果是这样的话
if not 如果不是这样的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果有可能的话
【佳句】 If we can do that， we can keep up with the times.If not， we would always fall behind.
如果我们能做到这一点，就能跟上时代的步伐；如果我们做不到，将永远落后。
Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.charge
A.n.费用　　 B.v.收费；要价 C.n.掌管；负责 D.v.指控；控告
E.v.充电 F.v.向……冲 G.v.使充满
①My phone has a dead battery；please help me charge it. 　　　　　
②To our shock，the shy man was charged with murdering his wife. 　　　　　
③They normally charge three hundred pounds but we got it for half price. 　　　　　
④The fierce wolf， opening its bloody mouth，sprang to its feet and charged at me as if to eat me up in one gulp.　　　　　
⑤One moment it was quiet and calm in the forest；the next， the air was charged with tension. 　　　　　 　
⑥（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）Failure to provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult.　　　　　
⑦I will be in charge of a theme class meeting designed to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners. 　　　　　
2.approach
A.vt.& vi.靠近；接近　B.vt.与……商量 C.vt.着手处理 D.n.方法；途径
①The students approach their teacher for advice. 　　　　　
②（2024·九省联考）In a Scottish primary school，however，Mr.Norman Lewis is taking a different approach. 　　　　　
③She approached me and made a request for some water. 　　　　　
④Over the years， there have been a number of techniques to help designers approach this important problem. 　　　　　
3.词义猜测
①（2023·全国甲卷）Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male hobby， the research shows it is women now leading the charge. 　　　　　
②With an angry roar， the bear charged towards us at full speed. 　　　　　　
③Nicolo and another bidder battled until Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32. 　　　　　　
④（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The wind picked up and thunder rolled. 　　　　　
⑤Here’s the good news.In a wired world with constant global communication， we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. 　　　　　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
单句语法填空
1.（2024·1月浙江卷）While letting her racing heart calm down and filling her lungs with fresh air， she felt an incredible sense of 　　　　　　（achieve）.
2.She asked her grandfather， with a 　　　　（puzzle） frown on her face.
3.The streets were 　　　　　　（crowd） with people celebrating the festival， creating a lively and vibrant atmosphere.
4.Now that they have made great achievements， they are looking forward to the celebration 　　　　　　（eager）.
5.Without your 　　　　　　（generous） and inspiration， I would not have made such 　　　　　　（strike） progress.
6.（2023·全国甲卷）I would like to introduce a prominent figure in Chinese history，Confucius，who was born in the state of Lu 　　　（locate） in present-day Qufu， Shandong Province.
Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能
推荐信——参观颐和园
　　假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Alex要来北京旅行，请你给他推荐一个旅游景点。
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.我很高兴得知你对中国古代建筑很感兴趣。我热切地向你推荐颐和园。（delighted； eager； the Summer Palace）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.颐和园位于北京西北部，被誉为古代最好的皇家园林之一。 （be located in； ancient royal garden）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.早在18世纪，它就曾经是属于帝王们的避暑胜地。（belong to； 分词短语作定语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.颐和园由数百座引人注目的建筑和大厅组成。这就是它总是挤满游客的原因。（striking； be crowded with）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.如果你留心去观察，你会吃惊地发现隐藏在建筑中的中国智慧。你可以更好地了解中国历史。（keep your eyes open）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.我保证迷人的风景会让你大饱眼福。（feast one’s eyes on sth）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear Alex，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 情感描写：eager→eagerly→eagerness， puzzle→puzzled→puzzling， fascinate→fascinating→fascinated
动作描写：break away （from sb/sth）， belong to， surround， battle， keep your eyes open （for）， approach， greet， crowd
美句 ①Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all， offering something for each of the senses. （拟人） ②The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. （比喻） ③On a quiet morning in the mountains， feel the sun on your skin， and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. （动作描写＋拟人）
情感描写之“后悔、内疚、自责”
词汇 美句
单词 形容词/副词：guilty， regretful， guiltily ①On hearing the bad news，she lowered down her head with great guilt，tears of regret streaming down her cheeks. 听到这个坏消息，她非常内疚地低下了头，悔恨的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。 ②So honest was the little boy that the woman was struck a great deal， guilt written on her flushing/burning face. 小男孩诚实的品质让这位女士深受触动，她红红的脸上写满了愧疚。 ③Her heart sank every time she thought about it， a deep sense of guilt overwhelming her as she wished for a chance to make things right. 每次想到这件事，她的心都沉了下去，一种深深的负罪感压迫着她，她希望有机会把事情纠正过来。
名词/动词：guilt， regret
脸 ①have guilt written all over one’s face 满脸内疚 ②a guilty look on one’s face 脸上露出惭愧的表情
笑/泪 ①a regretful smile歉意的微笑 ②regretful tears悔恨的泪水
心 be full of/be consumed with guilt/regret 满心愧疚/遗憾
其他 ①drown in feelings of guilt沉浸在内疚感之中 ②much to one’s regret/to one’s great regret令某人深感遗憾的是 ③with deep/great regret很遗憾地 ④a feeling of guilt内疚感
情境导语 今天早上，我和安发生了一场争吵……
第一步　完成句子
1.看着安泪流满面，我满脸愧疚。（神态描写＋情感描写）
Looking at Ann’s face wet with tears， I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.她发出后悔的叫声：“我真傻！”
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， “How silly I am！”
3.我还没来得及说话，她就冲出去了。（动作描写）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.我愣住了，沉浸在对她的负罪感中。要是我没和她吵架多好啊！ （非谓语动词作状语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.If only I had not quarreled with her！
5.我眼里涌出悔恨的泪水，冲下楼向安道歉。（with复合结构）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I dashed downstairs to apologise to Ann.
第二步　连句成文
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读理解C）Reading Art：Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book， represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.The image of the reader appears throughout history， in art made long before books as we now know them came into being.In artists’ representations of books and reading， we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school， with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.Adults are portrayed （描绘） alone in many settings and poses — absorbed in a volume， deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago， but they record moments we can all relate to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect （才智）， wealth or faith of the subject.Before the wide use of the printing press， books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right.More recently， as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway， artists have used them as the raw material for artworks — transforming covers， pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated.From a 21st-century point of view， the printed book is certainly ancient， but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader.To serve its function， a book must be activated by a user：the cover opened， the pages parted， the contents reviewed， perhaps notes written down or words underlined.And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked， a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private， “off-line” activity.
28.Where is the text most probably taken from？（　　）
A.An introduction to a book. B.An essay on the art of writing.
C.A guidebook to a museum. D.A review of modern paintings.
29.What are the selected artworks about？（　　）
A.Wealth and intellect. B.Home and school.
C.Books and reading. D.Work and leisure.
30.What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean？（　　）
A.Understand. B.Paint.
C.Seize. D.Transform.
31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader？（　　）
A.The printed book is not totally out of date. B.Technology has changed the way we read.
C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked. D.People now rarely have the patience to read.
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1.volume n.　 卷，册
2.e-reader n. 电子阅读器
3.content n. 内容
4.review v. 回顾，复习
5.note n. 笔记
（二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇
1.representation n.[派生词] 表现，描述 （represent＋-ation）
2.interconnect v.[派生词] 相互连接 （inter-＋connect）
3.artwork n.[合成词] 艺术品 （art＋work）
4.treasured adj.[派生词] 宝贵的 [treasure＋-（e）d]
5.increasingly adv.[派生词] 日益，越来越 （increase＋-ing＋-ly）
（三）由文本积主题词块
1.a celebration of an everyday object 对日常物品的庆祝
2.moments of shared humanity 分享人性的时刻
3.the image of the reader 读者的形象
4.demonstrate the intellect 展示才智
5.the raw material for artworks 艺术品的原材料
6.a wholly private activity 一项完全私人的活动
7.the printed book 印刷书
（四）由文本知变式运用
1.近义替换（用文中的词汇替换）
①these relations between different eras and cultures→　　　　　
②lasting developments→　　　　　
2.熟词生义 （文中生义）
①represent [熟义] v.代表； [生义] v.展示，描绘
Reading Art： Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book， represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.
②cover [熟义] n.盖子vt.覆盖； [生义] n.（书刊的）封面，封皮
To serve its function， a book must be activated by a user：the cover opened，the pages parted，the contents reviewed， perhaps notes written down or words underlined.
③network [熟义] n.网络； [生义] v.将……连接成网络
monitor [熟义] n.班长； [生义] v.监视
And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked， a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private， “off-line” activity.
（五）由文本学靓丽表达
1.Before the wide use of the printing press， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（书籍是宝贵的物品） and could be works of art in their own right.（事物介绍）
2....the printed book is certainly ancient，but 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（它仍然具有互动性） as any battery-powered e-reader.（事物介绍）
3....a printed book still 　　　　　　　　　（提供机会） of a wholly private， “off-line” activity.（事物介绍）
（六）由文本学长难句分析
　In artists’ representations of books and reading， we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
结构分析：这是一个复合句。句子的主干是　　　　　　　　　　；介词短语In artists’ representations of books and reading为句子的　　　　；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词　　　　　　。
参考译文：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
UNIT 4　HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身]　1.around the corner　2.greener　3.surrounding　4.which
1.①with a big smile spreading across her face　②with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes
2.①was invited
②handing him my watch as well as my business card
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身]　1.joined　2.belonging　3.defence　4.定语
3.①broke away from　②break up　③broke down at the news
4.①belonging　②that I soon developed a sense of belonging
考点新语境（三）
[微技能热身]　1.to visit　2.visiting　3.a feast for the eyes
5.①eagerly　②eagerness　③Everyone is eager for success/to succeed
6.①If so； If not　②If necessary
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.①E　②D　③B　④F　⑤G　⑥A　⑦C
2.①B　②D　③A　④C
3.①引领潮流　②vi.冲向　③vi.争夺
④vi.（雷或鼓）隆隆作响　⑤v.安置；把……放在适当位置
维度二
1.achievement　2.puzzled　3.crowded　4.eagerly
5.generosity； striking　6.located
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.Delighted to learn you are very interested in ancient Chinese architecture， I am eager to recommend the Summer Palace to you.
2.Located in the northwest of Beijing， the Summer Palace is known as one of the best ancient royal gardens.
3.Dating back to the 18th century， it was once a summer resort belonging to the emperors.
4.The Summer Palace consists of hundreds of striking buildings and halls.That is why it is always crowded with tourists.
5.If you keep your eyes open， you will be surprised to find the Chinese wisdom hidden in architecture.You can gain a better understanding of Chinese history.
6.I ensure you will feast your eyes on fascinating views.
第二步
Dear Alex，
Delighted to learn you are very interested in ancient Chinese architecture， I am eager to recommend the Summer Palace to you.
Located in the northwest of Beijing， the Summer Palace is known as one of the best ancient royal gardens.Dating back to the 18th century， it was once a summer resort belonging to the emperors.The Summer Palace consists of hundreds of striking buildings and halls.That is why it is always crowded with tourists.If you keep your eyes open， you will be surprised to find the Chinese wisdom hidden in architecture.Furthermore， you can gain a better understanding of Chinese history.
I ensure you will feast your eyes on fascinating views.
Yours，
Li Hua
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.had guilt written all over my face
2.She let out a cry of regret
3.She dashed out before I could utter a word.
4.I froze， drowning in feelings of guilt about her
5.With regretful tears welling up in my eyes
第二步
　　Looking at Ann’s face wet with tears， I had guilt written all over my face.All of a sudden， she let out a cry of regret，“How silly I am！” Then， she dashed out before I could utter a word.I froze， drowning in feelings of guilt about her.If only I had not quarreled with her！ Eventually， with regretful tears welling up in my eyes， I dashed downstairs to apologise to Ann.
【素养·培育落实】
一、做真题
28.A　文章出处题。根据第一段和第二段第一句可知，《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书中展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品，本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。由此可以推知，本文最有可能是出自该书的序言。
29.C　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，被选定的艺术品是关于书籍和阅读的。
30.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句中的but表达的语境可知，这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了我们现在仍然能够理解的时刻。因此relate to意为“理解”。
31.A　推理判断题。根据本文最后一句可知，在我们日益网络化的生活中，我们阅读的信息被监控和跟踪，相比之下，印刷书仍然能够提供一个完全私人的、“离线”活动的机会。该句强调了印刷书的价值，据此可知，作者提及电子书阅读器旨在说明印刷书并没有完全过时。
三、再利用
（四）1.①connections　②continued
（五）1.books were treasured objects
2.it remains as interactive
3.offers the chance
（六）we see moments　状语　moments　在艺术家对书籍和阅读的描述中，我们看到了超越文化和时间的共享人性的时刻。
9 / 10(共138张PPT)
UNIT 4　HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
高中总复习·英语 (人教版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
素养
培育落实
05
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. suit individual tastes 适应个人爱好
2. as a chief engineer作为一名总工程师
3. a nearby botanic garden一个附近的植物园
4. make a breakthrough in the battle against cancer
在与癌症的斗争中取得突破
8. apply for the position 申请这个职位
9. a famous poet一位著名的诗人
10. a feast for the eyes一场视觉盛宴
11. with tears rolling down her cheeks泪水顺着她的脸颊流淌
5. a major port 一个重要的港口（城市）
6. be held in the art gallery在美术展览馆举办
7. enjoy the beautiful natural landscape欣赏美丽的自然风景
12. attach great importance to ocean protection
高度重视海洋保护
13. crowd n.人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使……拥挤
①a crowd of/crowds of audience一大群观众
②crowd in on me/crowd into my mind
涌入我的脑海
③be crowded with people 挤满了人
语境记忆
14. charge n.收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电
①He came charging into my room and demanded to know what was
going on.　（动作描写）
他冲进我的房间，要求知道发生了什么事。
②The shop owner charged me nothing for the noodles， and I felt a wave
of warmth and gratitude welling up within me.　（情感描写）
店主没有收我面条钱，我感到一股温暖和感激之情涌上心头。
15. amount n.金额；数量 v.总计，共计；相当于，等于
①In order to keep healthy， a proper amount of regular exercise is of
great importance.　（建议信）
为了保持健康，有规律的适量运动非常重要。
②The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted to 300
dollars， which could help support my family.暑假期间我总共挣了300
美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。
16. approach n.方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近
As I approached the farm， I was greeted by a spicy smell of the
barbecue， urging me to walk faster.　（2023·1月浙江卷）
当我走近农场时，一股烧烤的香味扑面而来，促使我走得更快。
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. Confucius 孔子
2. mansion n.公馆；宅第
3. cemetery n.墓地；公墓
4. descendant n.后裔；后代；子孙
5. individual adj.单独的；个别的n.个人
6. heel n.足跟；（脚、袜子、鞋等的）后跟
7. kingdom n.王国；领域
8. currency n.通货；货币
9. conquer vt.占领；征服；控制
10. port n.港口（城市）
11. butter n.黄油；奶油vt.涂黄油于
12. honey n.蜂蜜
13. ancestor n.祖宗；祖先
14. courtyard n.庭院；院子
15. snack n.点心；小吃
16. county n.（英国、爱尔兰的）郡；（美国的）县
17. cattle n.牛
18. scent n.气味；气息
教材例句
19. （译林必修第三册）With the click of a mouse or the touch of a
button， it is possible to find out almost anything we care to know， from
recipes to travel packages， from military affairs to learning resources.　
adj.军事的；军用的
20. （译林必修第二册）In time， I began to look into the ancient
Chinese culture behind tai chi.I discovered that tai chi is deeply rooted in
the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang， which are believed to form the
unity of opposites.　n.哲学
21. （北师大必修第三册）What makes it striking is that it shows a thin
figure with an expression of fear — the figure’s mouth is wide open and
letting out a powerful scream.　adj.引人注目的；显著的
派生词汇识记
1. puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人
困惑的→puzzled adj.感到困惑的
2. belong vi.应在（某处）；适应→belonging n.归属；[pl.] 所有物，
财产
3. defence n.防御；保卫→defend v.防御；保卫→defensive adj.防御
的；保护的
4. legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.不合法的→legally adv.法律
上地
5. surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
→surroundings n.环境
6. evidence n.证据；证明→evident adj.明显的
7. location n.地方；地点；位置→locate vt.确定……的准确地点；找
出……的位置→located adj.坐落于；位于
8. fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinate v.使……入迷，
迷住→fascinated adj.着迷的
9. announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→announcement n.宣布；通知
→announcer n.广播员；解说员
10. generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generosity n.慷慨；大方
11. achievement n.成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.达到；实现
第一组
1. join ...to ...　　　把……和……连接或联结起来
2. break away （from sb/sth）　　脱离；背叛
3. belong to 属于
4. as well as 同（一样也）；和
5. keep your eyes open （for） 留心；留意
6. take over 接收；接管
7. have a great influence on 对……有极大影响
第二组
1. experience local culture and customs first-hand
亲身体验当地的文化和习俗
2. be referred to as Britain or Great Britain被称为英国或大不列颠
3. leave behind 留下；遗留；把……抛在后面
4. date back to Roman times 追溯到罗马时代
1. 句式：what引导宾语从句
原句：The United Kingdom， Great Britain， Britain， England —
many people are confused by what these different names mean.
联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——很多人对这些不同名称的含
义感到困惑。
2. 句式：if条件状语从句的省略形式
原句： So what is the difference between them，if any？
如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？
3. 句式：过去分词短语作后置定语
原句：They use the same flag， known as the Union Jack，as well as
share the same currency and military defence.
像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗。
4. 句式：have sth done
原句：They had castles built all around England， and made changes to
the legal system.
他们在英格兰各地建造城堡，并对法律体系进行改革。
5. 句式：with复合结构
原句：The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green
counties is a true feast for the eyes， with its rolling green hills dotted
with sheep and cattle.
“绿宝石（爱尔兰）岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起
伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
6. 句式：It is＋形容词＋that ...
原句：With all this beauty， it is not surprising that Ireland has
developed strong traditions that include music， dancing， and dining.
乡村景色如此优美，在爱尔兰形成这些浓厚的传统包括音乐、舞蹈以
及餐饮就一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
1. Confucius 孔子
2. philosophy n.哲学
3. descendant n.后裔；后代；子孙
4. kingdom n.王国；领域
5. currency n.通货；货币
6. conquer vt.占领；征服；控制
7. military adj.军事的；军用的
8. butter n.黄油；奶油
vt.涂黄油于
9. honey n.蜂蜜
10. ancestor n.祖宗；祖先
11. courtyard n.庭院；院子
12. snack n.点心；小吃
13. county n.（英国、爱尔兰的）郡；（美国的）县
14. cattle n.牛
15. roar vi.& n.吼叫；咆哮
16. scent n.气味；气息
17. pub n.酒吧；酒馆
18. wine n.葡萄酒；果酒
19. beer n.（一杯）啤酒
20. sensory adj.感觉的；感官的
核心单词练通
1. adj.单独的；个别的 n.个人
2. adj.最重要的；最高级别的 n.（公司或机构的）首领；
酋长
3. n.战役；搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗；奋斗
4. n.港口（城市）
5. n.（艺术作品的）展览馆；画廊
6. n.方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理
vi.靠近
individual　
chief　
battle　
port　
gallery　
approach　
7. vt.保证；确保；担保
8. n.位置；姿态；职位vt.安装；安置
9. （2024·1月浙江卷）She started by memorizing the location of her
classrooms and slowly expanded her knowledge to include
（附近的） hallways and common areas.
10. （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）A large （数量） of research
confirms this finding.
11. （2022·全国甲卷）There is no denying that （海洋）
conservation is of vital significance.
12. （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）At first， he refused to （收费）
me the fare.
ensure　
position　
nearby　
amount　
ocean　
charge　
拓展单词用活
1. vi.应在（某处）；适应→ n.归属；[pl.]
动产；财物
2. n.地方；地点；位置→ vt.位于；找出……
的位置→ adj.坐落于；位于
3. adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→ v.
使……入迷；迷住→ adj.着迷的
4. adj.热切的；渴望的→ adv.热切地；急切地
→ n.热切；渴望
belong　
belonging　
location　
locate　
located　
fascinating　
fascinate　
fascinated　
eager　
eagerly　
eagerness　
5. vt.问候；迎接→ n.问候；致意
6. n.人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤
→ adj.拥挤的
7. by trees and flowers， the of the
cottage are quite beautiful.（surround）
8. I hold the firm belief that you are bound to your dream of
being admitted to a key university， which will give you a wonderful
sense of .（achieve）
greet　
greeting　
crowd　
crowded　
Surrounded　
surroundings　
achieve　
achievement　
9. There was a look on the little girl’s face because
a problem her.（puzzle）
10. It was that all the we collected proved him
to be guilty.（evident）
11. Mary to her teammates that she was to marry a
Chinese boy.The of their marriage will appear in the
local newspaper next week.（announce）
puzzled　
puzzling　
puzzled　
evident　
evidence　
announced　
announcement　
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
先
写
对 1. 　把……和……连接或联结起来
2. 脱离；背叛；逃脱
3. 　　属于
4. 　　同（一样也）；和；还
5. 留心；留意
6. 　　负责；管理
7. 　　接收；接管
8. 　　把……抛在后面；留下；遗留
9. 　　对……有极大影响
join ...to ...　
break away （from sb/sth）　
belong to　
as well as　
keep your eyes open （for）　
in charge　
take over　
leave behind　
have a great influence on　
再
用
准 根据语境选用上面短语填空
1.If there is something wrong with the machine， you must report it at
once to the engineer .
2.Only then did I realise that it was so foolish of me to all of my friends and never contact them.
3.While visiting the palace， ， and you will
surely be rewarded with a feast for the eyes.
4.The organisation gives help and support to people in need，
raising money for local charities.
5.（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）If you plan on working out in a gym， that
person must the same gym.
in charge　
break away
from　
keep your eyes open　
as
well as　
belong to　
（三）破解构词密码——知规律·巧记忆
常考动词词缀
密
码
解
读 词缀 前缀en- 后缀-en
例
词 ①able→enable 使能够 ②large→enlarge 扩大 ③rich→enrich 充实；使丰富 ④danger→endanger 危及 ⑤courage→encourage 鼓励 ⑥sure→ensure 保证；确保；担保 ①dark→darken （使）变暗
②hard→harden （使）变硬
③soft→soften （使）变软
④bright→brighten （使）更明亮
⑤loose→loosen （使）变松，（使）松开
⑥worse→worsen （使）恶化，（使）更糟
即
时
演
练 1.Only by practicing day in and day out can you
（sharp） your skills.
2.The theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange
and （strength）mutual cooperation between the
countries along the Silk Road.
3.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）This mountain walk provides an insight into
the skills required for hillwalking （sure） you get the
most from future walking trips.
4.None of the setbacks could （damp） his enthusiasm
for the project.
sharpen　
strengthen　
to ensure　
dampen　
（四）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：if条件状语从句的
省略形式 教材原句：So what is the
difference between them， if
any？ 1.如果不方便，告诉我你何时方
便。
， let me know
what time suits you best.　
（2022·北京卷）
If not convenient　
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：with复合结构 教材原句：The peaceful
landscape of the “Emerald Isle”
and its many green counties is a
true feast for the eyes， with its
rolling green hills dotted with
sheep and cattle. 2.一看到这可怕的场景，他们吓得
动弹不得，心怦怦直跳。
On seeing the frightening scene，
they were too scared to move an
inch，
.　（心理描写）
with their hearts beating
wildly　
句型公式 句式仿写
3.句型公式：the way后省略
that/in which的定语从句 教材原句：They introduced the
beginnings of the English
language， and changed the way
people built houses. 3.日常生活中发生的事情会改变你
看待世界的方式。
Something that happens in your daily
life will change
.
the way you look at
the world　
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
　　With the Earth Day approaching ， our monitor
announced to us that we should take action for a 　　　　 （green）
Earth.I， as well as other students living in the 　　　 （surround） communities， volunteered to spend a day cleaning up our neighborhood， whose aim was to raise people’s awareness of protecting the environment.On that day， we were divided into four groups， each of 　　　　 had different assignments， including cleaning the windows， putting bikes in order， putting up posters and picking up amounts of trash.
微技能热身
1.①处单词approaching与短语 同义。
2.②处应填 。
3.③处应填 。
4.④处应填 。
around the corner　
greener　
surrounding　
which　
句型公式：with复合结构
【教材原句】 The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its
many green counties is a true feast for the eyes， with its rolling green
hills dotted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石（爱尔兰）岛”风光宁静秀
美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其
实的视觉盛宴。
【写美】 微写作/句式升级
①埃娃凝视着那座高耸的教学楼，想出了一个好主意，笑容在她脸上
绽放开来。
Staring at the towering teaching building， Eva came up with a good
idea， .
②Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and
embarrassment welled up in his eyes.
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，
.　（with复合结构）
with a big smile spreading across her face　
with tears of shame and
embarrassment welling up in his eyes　
【归纳】
with复合结构在句中作状语，其结构为：
（1）with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词；
（2）with＋宾语＋doing （表示主动或进行）；
（3）with＋宾语＋done （表示被动或完成）；
（4）with＋宾语＋to do （表示将来的动作）。
【佳句】 With a broad smile spreading on his face，he told me that he
was proud of my wonderful performance.　（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）
他脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容，告诉我他为我的精彩表现感到骄傲。
as well as 同（一样也）；和；还
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Our headteacher as well as five student representatives
（invite） to deliver a speech at yesterday’s coming-of-age ceremony.
was invited　
【写美】 微写作
②“我保证会信守诺言。”我补充道，同时把我的手表和名片递
给他。
“I promise I will keep my word，” I added，
.　（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）
handing him my watch
as well as my business card　
【归纳】
（1）as well as意为“既……又……”，可连接两个平行结构，连接
并列主语时谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
（2）as well意为“也；又；还”，位于句末。
（3）may/might （just） as well do sth
最好还是做某事；不妨做某事
【佳句】 It was your efforts as well as your professional guidance that
helped me make great progress.　（感谢信）
是您的付出和专业的指导帮助我取得了很大进步。
　　When studying in the UK， I was no longer puzzled about when
England got Wales， Scotland and Ireland 　　　　 （join） to it or
when the southern part of Ireland broke away.The four countries 　　　　 （belong） to the UK use the same currency and
military 　　　　 （defend） ， but they have different legal
systems.There was a lot of evidence that showed the Great Britain was
invaded by the Romans， the Vikings as well as the Normans.
微技能热身
1.①处应填 。
2.②处应填 。
3.③处应填 。
4.句④中的that引导 从句。
joined　
belonging　
defence　
定语　
break away （from sb/sth） 脱离；背叛；逃脱
【练通】 用break的相关短语填空
①My dog suddenly me， charged at the door and
began to bark fiercely.
②In my opinion， marriage based on money is likely to .
broke away from　
break up　
【写美】 微写作
③听到这个消息，他崩溃了，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。
He ， tears pouring down his cheeks.　（神
态描写）
broke down at the news　
【归纳】
break up　　打碎；分裂；解体；（关系等）破裂
break down　　垮掉；出故障
break into　　破门而入
break in　　破门而入；打断；插话
break out 　　（战争、洪水、火灾等）爆发
【佳句】 My father carefully cut the pumpkin open， so I finally had my
head break away from it.　（动作描写）
我的父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开，所以我的头终于从南瓜中出来了。
belong to 属于；是……的成员；是……的组成部分
【练通】 单句语法填空
①The house （belong） to us was burnt to the ground，
but we didn’t lose hope and decided to rebuild it with the help of the
government.
belonging　
【写美】 微写作
②正是因为你的慷慨帮助，我很快就产生了归属感，适应了新环境。
It is because of your generous assistance
and adapted to the new surroundings.
that I soon developed a sense of
belonging　
【归纳】
belongings n. 　　　　　动产；财物
a sense of belonging　　归属感
【佳句】 Putting the book where it belonged， the boy tiptoed out of the
room as lightly as possible.　（动作描写）
男孩把书放在原处，尽可能轻地踮起脚尖出了房间。
【点津】 belong to没有被动语态和进行时态，用作非谓语时要使用动
词-ing形式。
　　I am eager 　　　　　 （visit）
the ancient city of Rome.
While 　　　　　　 （visit） ， I
plan to explore the Colosseum and
Vatican City. The stunning
architecture and art are
truly 　　　　　　 （一场视觉盛
宴） . I will stay for an extra day if
necessary， to make sure I don’t
miss any of the historic treasures this
magnificent city has to offer. 微技能热身
1.①处应填 　　　　。
2.②处应填 　　　　。
3.③处应
填 　　　　　　　　　　　。
　　I am eager 　　　　　 （visit） the ancient city of Rome.
While 　　　　　　 （visit） ， I plan to explore the Colosseum and
Vatican City. The stunning architecture and art are
truly 　　　　　　 （一场视觉盛宴） . I will stay for an extra day if
necessary， to make sure I don’t miss any of the historic treasures this magnificent city has to offer.
微技能热身
1.①处应填 　　　　。
2.②处应填 　　　　。
3.③处应填 　　　　　　　　　　　。
to visit
visiting
a feast for the eyes
eager adj.热切的；渴望的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Learning that you’re leaving for the United States soon，
I’m （eager） writing to express my heartfelt gratitude to
you for your help.
②When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday， the boy
couldn’t hide his （eager）.
eagerly　
eagerness　
【写美】 微写作
③每个人都渴望成功，但成功只属于那些意志坚定和坚持不懈的人。
， but success only belongs
to those who are determined and persevering.
Everyone is eager for success/to succeed　
【归纳】
（1）be eager to do sth　渴望做某事
be eager for sth　　渴望得到某物
（2）eagerness n.　　热切；渴望
with eagerness　　热切地；急切地
（3）eagerly adv.　　热切地；急切地
【佳句】 I ran all the way home because I was very eager to announce
the good news that I won the first prize in the writing contest to my
parents.　（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）
我一路跑回家，因为我特别渴望向我的父母宣布我在写作比赛中获得
第一名的好消息。
【联想】 “渴望”表达法：
be dying for　　　　　be thirsty for
句型公式：if条件状语从句的省略形式
【教材原句】 So what is the difference between them， if any？如果有
的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？
【写美】 微写作
①如果是这样的话，我真诚地邀请你和我的家人一起庆祝中秋节；如
果不行的话，我会向你推荐一些附近的迷人景点。
，I sincerely invite you to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
with my family. ，I will recommend some nearby fascinating
scenic spots to you.
②如果有必要，我校将为学生提供语言培训课程。
， our school will provide the students with the language
training courses.
If so　
If not　
If necessary　
【归纳】
if ever　如果有过/发生过的话
if so　　如果是这样的话
if not　　如果不是这样的话
if necessary　　如果有必要的话
if possible　　如果有可能的话
【佳句】 If we can do that， we can keep up with the times.If not， we
would always fall behind.
如果我们能做到这一点，就能跟上时代的步伐；如果我们做不到，将
永远落后。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. charge
A. vt.& vi.靠近；接近　B. vt.与……商量
C. vt.着手处理　　D. n.方法；途径
①My phone has a dead battery；please help me charge it.　
②To our shock，the shy man was charged with murdering his
wife.　

E 　
D　

③They normally charge three hundred pounds but we got it for half
price.　
④The fierce wolf， opening its bloody mouth，sprang to its feet and
charged at me as if to eat me up in one gulp.　
⑤One moment it was quiet and calm in the forest；the next， the air was
charged with tension.　
B　
F　
G 　
A. vt.& vi.靠近；接近　B. vt.与……商量
C. vt.着手处理　　D. n.方法；途径
⑥（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）Failure to provide enough chaperones will result
in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult.　
⑦I will be in charge of a theme class meeting designed to introduce
traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.　
A　
C　
A. vt.& vi.靠近；接近　B. vt.与……商量
C. vt.着手处理　　D. n.方法；途径
A. n.费用　　　　　　B. v.收费；要价
C. n.掌管；负责　　 D. v.指控；控告
E. v.充电　　 F. v.向……冲 G. v.使充满
①The students approach their teacher for advice.　
②（2024·九省联考）In a Scottish primary school，however，
Mr.Norman Lewis is taking a different approach.　
③She approached me and made a request for some water.　
④Over the years， there have been a number of techniques to help
designers approach this important problem.　
B　
D　
A　
C　
2. approach
3. 词义猜测
①（2023·全国甲卷）Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male
hobby， the research shows it is women now leading the charge.　

②With an angry roar， the bear charged towards us at full speed.　

③Nicolo and another bidder battled until Nicolo finally won the paintings
for 32.　
引
领潮流　
vi.
冲向　
vi.争夺　
④（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The wind picked up and thunder rolled.　

⑤Here’s the good news.In a wired world with constant global
communication， we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever
they appear.　
vi.
（雷或鼓）隆隆作响　
v.安置；把……放在适当位置　
维度二 写作词汇夯实　——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
单句语法填空
1. （2024·1月浙江卷）While letting her racing heart calm down and
filling her lungs with fresh air， she felt an incredible sense
of （achieve）.
2. She asked her grandfather， with a （puzzle） frown on
her face.
achievement　
puzzled　
3. The streets were （crowd） with people celebrating the
festival， creating a lively and vibrant atmosphere.
4. Now that they have made great achievements， they are looking
forward to the celebration （eager）.
5. Without your （generous） and inspiration， I would
not have made such （strike） progress.
6. （2023·全国甲卷）I would like to introduce a prominent figure in
Chinese history，Confucius，who was born in the state of Lu
（locate） in present-day Qufu， Shandong Province.
crowded　
eagerly　
generosity　
striking　
located　
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
　　假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Alex要来北京旅行，请你给他推荐
一个旅游景点。
推荐信——参观颐和园
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 我很高兴得知你对中国古代建筑很感兴趣。我热切地向你推荐颐和
园。　（delighted； eager； the Summer Palace）


Delighted to learn you are very interested in ancient Chinese architecture，
I am eager to recommend the Summer Palace to you.
2. 颐和园位于北京西北部，被誉为古代最好的皇家园林之一。 　
（be located in； ancient royal garden）


3. 早在18世纪，它就曾经是属于帝王们的避暑胜地。　（belong to；
分词短语作定语）


Located in the northwest of Beijing， the Summer Palace is known as one
of the best ancient royal gardens.
Dating back to the 18th century， it was once a summer resort belonging
to the emperors.
4. 颐和园由数百座引人注目的建筑和大厅组成。这就是它总是挤满游
客的原因。　（striking； be crowded with）


5. 如果你留心去观察，你会吃惊地发现隐藏在建筑中的中国智慧。你
可以更好地了解中国历史。　（keep your eyes open）



6. 我保证迷人的风景会让你大饱眼福。　（feast one’s eyes on sth）

The Summer Palace consists of hundreds of striking buildings and
halls.That is why it is always crowded with tourists.
If you keep your eyes open， you will be surprised to find the Chinese
wisdom hidden in architecture.You can gain a better understanding of
Chinese history.
I ensure you will feast your eyes on fascinating views.
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear Alex，


Delighted to learn you are very interested in ancient Chinese
architecture， I am eager to recommend the Summer Palace to you.









　Yours，
　Li Hua
Located in the northwest of Beijing， the Summer Palace is known as
one of the best ancient royal gardens.Dating back to the 18th century， it
was once a summer resort belonging to the emperors.The Summer Palace
consists of hundreds of striking buildings and halls.That is why it is
always crowded with tourists.If you keep your eyes open， you will be
surprised to find the Chinese wisdom hidden in
architecture.Furthermore， you can gain a better understanding of
Chinese history.
I ensure you will feast your eyes on fascinating views.
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮
词 情感描写：eager→eagerly→eagerness，
puzzle→puzzled→puzzling， fascinate→fascinating→fascinated
动作描写：break away （from sb/sth）， belong to， surround，
battle， keep your eyes open （for）， approach， greet， crowd
美
句 ①Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all， offering something for each of the senses.　（拟人）
②The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green
counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted
with sheep and cattle.　（比喻）
③On a quiet morning in the mountains， feel the sun on your skin，
and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.　（动作描写＋拟人）
情感描写之“后悔、内疚、自责”
词汇 单
词 形容词/副词：guilty， regretful， guiltily
名词/动词：guilt， regret
脸 ①have guilt written all over one’s face满脸内疚
②a guilty look on one’s face 脸上露出惭愧的表情
词汇 笑/
泪 ①a regretful smile歉意的微笑
②regretful tears悔恨的泪水
心 be full of/be consumed with guilt/regret满心愧疚/遗憾
其
他 ①drown in feelings of guilt沉浸在内疚感之中
②much to one’s regret/to one’s great regret令某人深感遗憾的是
③with deep/great regret很遗憾地
④a feeling of guilt内疚感
美句
①On hearing the bad news，she lowered down her head with
great guilt，tears of regret streaming down her cheeks.
听到这个坏消息，她非常内疚地低下了头，悔恨的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。
②So honest was the little boy that the woman was struck a great
deal， guilt written on her flushing/burning face.
小男孩诚实的品质让这位女士深受触动，她红红的脸上写满了愧疚。
美句
③Her heart sank every time she thought about it， a deep sense
of guilt overwhelming her as she wished for a chance to make
things right.
每次想到这件事，她的心都沉了下去，一种深深的负罪感压
迫着她，她希望有机会把事情纠正过来。
情境导语 今天早上，我和安发生了一场争吵……　
第一步　完成句子
1. 看着安泪流满面，我满脸愧疚。　（神态描写＋情感描写）
Looking at Ann’s face wet with tears， I
.
2. 她发出后悔的叫声：“我真傻！”
， “How silly I am！”
had guilt written all over my
face　
She let out a cry of regret　
3. 我还没来得及说话，她就冲出去了。　（动作描写）

4. 我愣住了，沉浸在对她的负罪感中。要是我没和她吵架多好啊！ 　
（非谓语动词作状语）
.If only I had not
quarreled with her！
5. 我眼里涌出悔恨的泪水，冲下楼向安道歉。　（with复合结构）
， I dashed downstairs to
apologise to Ann.
She dashed out before I could utter a word.　
I froze， drowning in feelings of guilt about her
With regretful tears welling up in my eyes　
第二步　连句成文
　　





　　 　Looking at Ann’s face wet with tears， I had guilt written all over
my face.All of a sudden， she let out a cry of regret， “How silly I
am！” Then， she dashed out before I could utter a word.I froze，
drowning in feelings of guilt about her.If only I had not quarreled with
her！ Eventually， with regretful tears welling up in my eyes， I dashed
downstairs to apologise to Ann.　
4
素养·培育落实
真题剖析，深度探究
　　（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读理解C）Reading Art：Art for Book Lovers
is a celebration of an everyday object — the book， represented here in
almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.The image
of the reader appears throughout history， in art made long before books
as we now know them came into being.In artists’ representations of
books and reading， we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond
culture and time.
In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a
way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and
cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school，
with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.Adults are
portrayed （描绘） alone in many settings and poses — absorbed in a
volume， deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.These scenes may
have been painted hundreds of years ago， but they record moments we
can all 　relate to　.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to
demonstrate the intellect （才智）， wealth or faith of the subject.Before
the wide use of the printing press， books were treasured objects and
could be works of art in their own right.More recently， as books have
become inexpensive or even throwaway， artists have used them as the
raw material for artworks — transforming covers， pages or even
complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once
believed to make the printed page outdated.From a 21st-century point of
view， the printed book is certainly ancient， but it remains as interactive
as any battery-powered e-reader.To serve its function， a book must be
activated by a user：the cover opened， the pages parted， the contents
reviewed， perhaps notes written down or words underlined.And in
contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we
consume is monitored and tracked， a printed book still offers the chance
of a wholly private， “off-line” activity.
28. Where is the text most probably taken from？（　　）
A. An introduction to a book.
B. An essay on the art of writing.
C. A guidebook to a museum.
D. A review of modern paintings.
解析：　文章出处题。根据第一段和第二段第一句可知，《阅读艺
术：书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书中展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近
300件艺术品，本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。由此可以推知，本文
最有可能是出自该书的序言。
√
29. What are the selected artworks about？（　　）
A. Wealth and intellect.
B. Home and school.
C. Books and reading.
D. Work and leisure.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，被选定的艺术品是
关于书籍和阅读的。
√
30. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean？
（　　）
A. Understand. B. Paint.
C. Seize. D. Transform.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句中的but表达的语境可
知，这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了我们现在仍然能
够理解的时刻。因此relate to意为“理解”。
√
31. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader？
（　　）
A. The printed book is not totally out of date.
B. Technology has changed the way we read.
C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D. People now rarely have the patience to read.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据本文最后一句可知，在我们日益网络化
的生活中，我们阅读的信息被监控和跟踪，相比之下，印刷书仍然能
够提供一个完全私人的、“离线”活动的机会。该句强调了印刷书的
价值，据此可知，作者提及电子书阅读器旨在说明印刷书并没有完全
过时。
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1. volume n. 卷，册
2. e-reader n. 电子阅读器
3. content n. 内容
4. review v. 回顾，复习
5. note n. 笔记
（二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇
1. representation n.[派生词] 表现，描述 （represent＋-ation）
2. interconnect v.[派生词] 相互连接 （inter-＋connect）
3. artwork n.[合成词] 艺术品 （art＋work）
4. treasured adj.[派生词] 宝贵的 [treasure＋-（e）d]
5. increasingly adv.[派生词] 日益，越来越 （increase＋-ing＋-ly）
（三）由文本积主题词块
1. a celebration of an everyday object　　对日常物品的庆祝
2. moments of shared humanity 分享人性的时刻
3. the image of the reader 读者的形象
4. demonstrate the intellect 展示才智
5. the raw material for artworks 艺术品的原材料
6. a wholly private activity 一项完全私人的活动
7. the printed book 印刷书
（四）由文本知变式运用
1. 近义替换（用文中的词汇替换）
①these relations between different eras and cultures→
②lasting developments→
connections　
continued　
2. 熟词生义 （文中生义）
①represent [熟义] v.代表； [生义] v.展示，描绘
Reading Art： Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday
object — the book， represented here in almost three hundred artworks
from museums around the world.
②cover [熟义] n.盖子vt.覆盖； [生义] n.（书刊的）封面，封皮
To serve its function， a book must be activated by a user：the cover
opened，the pages parted，the contents reviewed， perhaps notes written
down or words underlined.
③network [熟义] n.网络； [生义] v.将……连接成网络
monitor [熟义] n.班长； [生义] v.监视
And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information
we consume is monitored and tracked， a printed book still offers the
chance of a wholly private， “off-line” activity.
（五）由文本学靓丽表达
1. Before the wide use of the printing press，
（书籍是宝贵的物品） and could be works of art in their own
right.（事物介绍）
2. ...the printed book is certainly ancient，but
（它仍然具有互动性） as any battery-powered e-reader.
（事物介绍）
3. ...a printed book still （提供机会） of a
wholly private， “off-line” activity.（事物介绍）
books were treasured
objects　
it remains as
interactive　
offers the chance　
（六）由文本学长难句分析
　In artists’ representations of books and reading， we see moments of
shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
结构分析：这是一个复合句。句子的主干是 ；介
词短语In artists’ representations of books and reading为句子的
；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词 。
参考译文：

we see moments　
状
语　
moments　
在艺术家对书籍和阅读的描述中，我们看到了超越文化
和时间的共享人性的时刻。　
5
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·太原模拟）It was not until photographer Rita Nannini left
New York that she grew fascinated by the city’s subways.While living in
Manhattan for some 15 years in the 1980s and early 1990s， Nannini only
commuted （通勤） on the one train — given the subway system’s bad
reputation.But after relocating to New Jersey for several years where the
subway is not an option， Nannini found that absence did make the heart
grow fonder — maybe even for pizza rats.During her visit back to New
York， Nannini nodded， noticing improvements in the subway’s
facilities.
　　While Nannini was waiting for a train， a bench on the platform
opposite caught her attention due to the ever-changing faces and
characters.They were people of different accents， colors and
beliefs.They were from all walks of life， a diverse mix of New Yorkers
all there for their own different reasons.Having learned the teenagers’
popular “End of the Line” challenge — boarding trains at random and
riding them until their final destinations， Nannini decided to visit every
first and last stop across the NY subway’s lines with her beloved camera.
　　Nannini’s “End of the Line” experience saw her traveling some
665 miles across 26 routes in New York City.She took over 8，000 photos
of the final stations， as well as the communities they served.In many
cases， she rode the routes two or three times over to ensure she got “the
shot”.“The project really shows me how important the subway is， and
how sustainable it makes our lives，” she said.
　　“It’s often said that my photos show the end of the lines — the last
stops，” she said.“But the end of the line is indeed the start for so many
people.That made me think about who the people and the communities
that live at the two ends are and what it is that the subway means to
them.” Nannini was proud of her set of images directly challenging the
traditions of story telling， which echoed both the boredom and
excitement of travel on tracks.
　　Nannini enjoyed taking her time， starting her challenge in 2013 and
only shooting the final photos last year.Her first monograph on the
terminals of the NY subway was released in April 2023.
　　“When you drive in the suburbs， you don’t have those
encounters，” she continued.“People enter your life on the
subway.That’s what strikes me most on my journey on tracks.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了摄影师Rita Nannini
重回纽约后，对纽约地铁的态度的转变过程。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了摄影师Rita Nannini
重回纽约后，对纽约地铁的态度的转变过程。
解析：　推理判断题。 根据第一段中的Nannini found that absence
did make ... noticing improvements in the subway’s facilities可知，在
Nannini重回纽约之后，Nannini对纽约地铁的设施改进表示赞赏。由
此可推知，她重返纽约后对地铁感到满意。
1. How did Nannini find the New York subway during her revisit？（　　）
A. It turned out fine.
B. It was depressing.
C. It still held the same bad reputation.
D. It would be her only commuting option.
√
2. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？（　　）
A. The diversity of New Yorkers’ daily life.
B. The inspiration for Nannini’s subway shots.
C The popularity of “End of the Line” challenge.
D. The challenges of Nannini’s job as a photographer.
解析：　段落大意题。根据第二段可知，当她在等火车的时候，那
些等车的人吸引了她的注意。还有，青少年中流行的坐火车的方式激
发了她的好奇心，所以她决定带上相机，开始坐纽约地铁从第一站到
最后一站。因此，本段主要讲了Nannini地铁拍摄的灵感来源。
√
3. What can we infer from Nannini’s “End of the Line” experience？
（　　）
A. Her way of telling stories is traditional.
B. She expressed sympathy for the subway riders.
C. Her photography is highly expected by the encounters.
D. She found life on tracks was more interesting than life on wheels.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，她认为开车的话就不会
遇到这些在地铁上偶遇的事情；当你坐地铁的时候，人们会进入你的
生活。这是她坐地铁最大的感悟。由此推知，她认为坐地铁的生活比
开车更有趣。
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. “End of the Line” Challenge：A New Trend in NY Subways
B. The Road Home：Rita Nannini’s Record of Her Subway Ride
C. Last Stop to New Start：A Photographer’s Rediscovery of NY
Subways
D. New Yorkers’ Routine：A Surprising Mixture of Boredom and
Excitement
√
解析：　标题归纳题。文章介绍了摄影师Nannini对纽约地铁态度的
改观，还提到了她从第一站坐到最后一站，拍下最后一站的经历，同
时提及她对“地铁终点站也是始发站”这一观点的思考。由此可知，
本文围绕摄影师Nannini对纽约地铁的新发现展开。因此，C项为本文
最佳标题。
B
　　（2025·安徽江南十校联考）It has become as much a part of our
daily lives as getting our to-go coffee： the screen turn.It’s the moment
when you’ve ordered your coffee， and the barista （咖啡师） turns the
payment screen toward you with a dialog box asking you for a tip.
　　Tipping is on the rise across the US as more and more businesses have
started asking for a little extra： fast food restaurants， grocery stores，
online stores， stadiums， and even self-checkout machines are now
asking for a tip these days.
　　Social media is filled with people who are confused about
tipping.One woman posted a video online after being asked to tip for her
Subway sandwich.“Do we tip at Subway？” she asks.“Is that a
thing？ Tell me！” Another woman has also expressed shock over being
asked to tip at a self-checkout station at an airport.“I don’t want to be
the person who doesn’t tip，” she says.“But who am I tipping？”
　　Sean Jung， a professor at Boston University， realized tipping had
fundamentally changed when he was grabbing a take-out burrito （玉米馅
饼） one afternoon.Jung was getting ready to pay， when the cashier
turned the screen around， asking for a tip.“Suddenly， I’m looking at
this screen， and I’m literally pressing a 20％ tip for a burrito，” Jung
recalls.“I remember thinking this is strange.You would never expect to
pay a tip at a quick service restaurant.”
　　How， exactly， did we get to the place where we’re tipping 20％
for our takeout burritos？ “It goes back to the pandemic，” says
Shubhranshu Singh， a professor at Johns Hopkins Carey Business
School.He says during the pandemic， we started tipping more than usual
as a way to support essential workers at a time of crisis.“The pandemic
went away，” says Singh， “but the tips didn’t.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国各地小费逐渐
失控的现象，许多场所开始提示给小费，消费者对此感到困惑。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国各地小费逐渐
失控的现象，许多场所开始提示给小费，消费者对此感到困惑。
5. The barista’s purpose of turning the screen is 　　　　.（　　）
A. to show some commercials
B. to promote new coffee options
C. to speed up the ordering process
D. to require extra money
√
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的It’s the moment when
you’ve ordered your coffee， and the barista （咖啡师） turns the
payment screen toward you with a dialog box asking you for a tip.可知，
咖啡师转动屏幕的目的是要额外的钱。
6. What caused the two women’s confusion in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A. They were not used to tipping.
B. They had no idea how much to tip.
C. They didn’t see the necessity of tipping.
D. They didn’t receive good service.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，这两位女士之所以感到困
惑，是因为她们认为在某些情况下给小费是没有必要的。
√
7. Why did the pandemic make people tip more？（　　）
A. Customers had more available money.
B. Customers used more remote payments.
C. Customers were more grateful for the service.
D. Customers expected the crisis to be over soon.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的He says during the
pandemic， we started tipping more than usual as a way to support
essential workers at a time of crisis.可知，流行病会让人们付更多小费
是因为顾客对非常时期的服务更加感激。
√
8. What would be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A. Tipping Culture Going out of Control
B. Online Videos about Tipping
C. An Academic Look into Tipping Culture
D. Reasons Why We Should Tip More
解析：　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国各地小
费逐渐失控的现象，许多场所开始提示给小费，消费者对此感到困
惑。因此，A项（小费文化失控）为文章最佳标题。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2025·无锡模拟）Maureen Stanko always felt her son， Nick，
had so much to give.Nick is 20 and is suffering from autism.Despite
her 　9　 he had so much to give， what he would do after
graduation 　10　 his mom up at night.
　　In Pennsylvania， where they live， students with disabilities
are 　11　 to stay in school until they are 22 years old.Stanko says
she’s 　12　 from many parents of kids with disabilities that they worry
about their kids’ 　13　.
　　She brought her worry to Nick’s therapist， Tyler Kammerle， who
told her he had a 　14　 of opening a restaurant to 　15　 people with
disabilities.They teamed up with philanthropist Kathy Opperman to make
that 　16　 a reality， and about two years later， “so much to give”
was no longer just Stanko’s saying.It was a 　17　.
　　They opened the So Much To Give Inclusive Cafe in Pennsylvania in
January 2023.They employ 63 people — 80％ of employees have
a 　18　.But the cafe is not only a place to 　19　， it’s become a safe
space for others with disabilities to dine.
　　Stanko didn’t know if Nick would be able to work at the cafe
because of his disability.But he’s exceeded her 　20　 and helps out at
the cafe before it opens， 　21　 the tables before diners arrive.
　　Stanko didn’t stop at the cafe and she opened up the Inspiration
Studio， where they teach music， life skills， crafts and other 　22　
for people with disabilities.She believed what she had done was 　23　，
which gave her a sense of achievement.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Maureen Stanko的儿子Nick患有自闭
症，作为母亲的她和其他爱心人士一起专门开了一家招聘残疾人的
餐厅。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Maureen Stanko的儿子Nick患有自闭
症，作为母亲的她和其他爱心人士一起专门开了一家招聘残疾人的
餐厅。
9. A. guessing B. doubting
C. knowing D. proving
解析：　根据文章首句可知，作为母亲的Maureen Stanko知道儿子
Nick虽然患有自闭症，但他可以做很多事。
√
10. A. made B. took C. turned D. kept
√
解析：　本句以Despite开头，暗示下半句陈述的是与上半句相反的
情形。上半句说明母亲对儿子的自信，下半句则说明母亲的担心。
keep sb up at night表示“让某人晚上无法入睡”。
11. A. expected B. demanded
C. allowed D. proposed
解析：　在宾夕法尼亚州，残疾学生被允许留在学校，直到22岁。
√
12. A. heard B. received
C. requested D. consulted
√
解析：　下文提到的they worry about their kids’是Stanko从很多残
疾孩子家长那里听说的信息。
13. A. health B. future
C. scores D. lessons
解析：　根据上文what he would do after graduation可知，这里讨论
的是残疾孩子的未来。
√
14. A. goal B. concept
C. method D. belief
√
解析：　下文提到的opening a restaurant是Tyler Kammerle的一
个目标。
15. A. change B. treat
C. train D. employ
解析：　根据第四段中They employ 63 people — 80％ of
employees ...可知，他们开餐厅的目的是招聘残疾人就业。
√
16. A. dream B. view
C. chance D. scene
√
解析：　他们与慈善家Kathy Opperman一起合作，把开餐厅这个梦
想变成现实。
17. A. school B. store
C. restaurant D. factory
解析：　大约两年后，“so much to give”不仅仅是Stanko的一句口
号，而是一家实实在在的餐厅。
√
18. A. hobby B. disability
C. skill D. diploma
√
解析：　根据上文可知，他们开餐厅的初衷是帮助残疾人，因此该
餐厅里有80％的员工都是身体有残疾的。
19. A. play B. relax C. study D. work
解析：　上文提到残疾人在该餐厅工作的情况，这里指出该餐厅不
仅仅是残疾人工作的地方，还是他们就餐的地方。
√
20. A. conditions B. requirements
C. opinions D. expectations
√
解析：　根据下文可知，事实上Nick超出了母亲的期望。
21. A. looking over B. setting up
C. turning down D. coming across
解析：　在餐厅开业前Nick就来帮忙了，他在客人到来之前摆放好
桌子。set up表示“摆放”。
√
22. A. classes B. topics
C. choices D. fields
√
解析：　上文提到的music， life skills， crafts等都是Stanko所创办
的灵感工作室教授的一些课程。
23. A. difficult B. typical
C. rewarding D. efficient
解析：　根据下文which gave her a sense of achievement可知，Stanko
认为自己所做的事是值得的。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　Many people go to Beijing’s traditional temple fairs during the
Spring Festival for ritual praying， entertainment， snacks， and buying
crafts. It is a great opportunity 24. 　　　　　　 （experience） local
culture and traditions.
　　Temple fairs in Old Beijing were 25. 　　　　　 （regular） held
around large and well-known temples， which had their particular flavors
and styles. Visiting temple fairs was a major pastime in the lives of Beijing
residents.
　　According to 1930 statistics， there 26. 　　　　 （be） 20
temples， 16 in the suburbs and two in downtown area. The most famous
temple fairs were the White Pagoda Temple Fair， Huguo Temple Fair，
and Longfu Temple Fair.
　　Temple fairs were entertainment venues for ordinary people.
Therefore， everything in them was closely related 27. 　　　　　　
daily life. Yet temple fairs also stood out beyond everyday life， thus
28. 　　　　　　 （give） both physical and spiritual pleasure to
visitors， be they male or female， young or old.
　　Traditional Beijing temple fairs are a type of folk activity along with
Beijing leisure culture. Family members， especially the kids are excited
to play various games 29. 　　　　　　 （offer） in temple fairs and
watch folk performances. The reason 30. 　　　　　　 Beijing temple
fairs have been passed on is that they adapt to the needs of society. The
initial formation and development of temple fairs is about the religious
31. 　　　　　　 （activity） inside the temples. Over time， temple
fairs 32. 　　　　　　 （become） the main markets for people， which
are mainly to meet the needs of 33. 　　　　　　 general public.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了北京庙会这一中国
传统民俗文化活动。
24. to experience　考查非谓语动词。opportunity to do sth是固定用
法，表示“做某事的机会”，动词不定式短语作后置定语。
25. regularly　考查词形转换。本空后面是谓语动词held，因此这里应
用一个副词来修饰它。
26. were　考查时态和主谓一致。本空后面是复数形式20 temples且陈
述过去的事实，因此用were。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了北京庙会这一中国
传统民俗文化活动。
27. to　考查介词。be related to是固定短语，表示“与……有关
系”。
28. giving　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，这里逗号后面部
分是状语，且本句主语temple fairs与动词give之间是主动关系，因此
用动词-ing形式。
29. offered　考查非谓语动词。这里名词games与后面动词offer之间是
被动关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语。
30. why　考查定语从句。本空前面的The reason是先行词，这里由关
系副词why引导一个定语从句，why在从句中作状语。
31. activities　考查名词复数。根据语境可知，这里应该指“各种宗
教活动”，因此用可数名词activity的复数形式。
32. have become　考查时态。本句时间状语为Over time，表示“随着
时间的推移和延续”，应用现在完成时。
33. the　考查冠词。the （general） public是固定用法，表示“大
众”。

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