资源简介

UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·济南质量检测）A rising star from Virginia has secured the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking creation — a bar of soap designed to battle against skin cancer.At just 14 years old， Heman Bekele emerged as the victor of the 2023 3M Young Scientist Challenge， standing out among the ten finalists with his innovative creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap （SCTS）.
　　Bekele’s brilliant concept centers on the development of a soap that is not only affordable， but also has the potential to reactivate the body’s natural defenders of the skin to stop skin cancer.In Bekele’s own words，“Curing cancer， one bar of soap at a time.” He always has endless passion for biology and technology， and the 3M Young Scientist Challenge just provided him with the perfect platform to display his ideas.Reflecting on his inspiration， Bekele shared that his childhood played a significant role in shaping his innovative thinking.Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun， he couldn’t help but wonder how many were aware of the risks associated with constant sun exposure.
　　“I wanted to make my idea not only scientifically exceptional but also accessible to a broad audience，” Bekele expressed during an interview with the media.He received invaluable guidance from Deborah Isabelle， a product engineering specialist， who connected him with other scientists to aid him in reaching his ambitious plans.
　　During his presentation， Bekele passionately expressed his vision of turning the soap into “a symbol of hope， accessibility， and a world where skin cancer treatment is within reach for all”.
　　Over the coming five years， Bekele longs to perfect his invention and establish a nonprofit organization devoted to distributing his innovative creation to more places including undeveloped communities， offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer.
1.What made Bekele an instant hit？（　　）
A.Starting a soap fashion.
B.Overcoming skin cancer.
C.Being the youngest scientist.
D.Creating a soap against skin cancer.
2.What inspired Bekele to invent the SCTS？（　　）
A.His concern for others.
B.His adventure in childhood.
C.His enthusiasm for technology.
D.His interest in medical knowledge.
3.What will Bekele do in the near future？（　　）
A.Obtain official approval. B.Visit undeveloped areas.
C.Increase the availability of the soap. D.Update the facilities of production.
4.Which of the following can best describe Bekele？（　　）
A.Inspiring and modest. B.Humorous and positive.
C.Creative and considerate. D.Curious and independent.
B
　　（2025·沈阳质量监测）German physicist Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists of all time， the personification of a genius and the subject of a whole industry of scholarship.In The Einsteinian Revolution， two experts on Einstein’s life and his theory of relativity — Israeli physicist Hanoch Gutfreund and German historian of science Jürgen Renn — offer an original and penetrating （精辟的） analysis of Einstein’s revolutionary contributions to physics and our view of the physical world.
　　For the first time ever， by setting Einstein’s work in the long course of the evolution of scientific knowledge， Gutfreund and Renn discover the popular misconception about Einstein as an unconventional scientific genius who created modern physics single-handedly and by pure thought alone.
　　As a large part of the book explains， Einstein typically argued that science progresses through steady evolution， not through revolutionary breaks with the past.He saw his theory of relativity not as something from scratch， but a natural extension of the classical physics developed by pioneers such as Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newton in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries， as well as nineteenth-century physicists.
　　The authors highlight how classical physics cannot be separated cleanly from modern Einsteinian physics.The book also includes substantial sections on Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo， whose methods inspired Einstein.When Einstein considered himself as standing on their shoulders， he meant that， without their contributions， he would not have formulated （创立） the theory of relativity.
　　The Einsteinian Revolution is an important and thought-provoking contribution to the scholarly literature on Einstein and his surprising scientific creativity between 1905 and 1925.Gutfreund and Renn might not have given the final answer as to why Einstein， of all people， revolutionized physics in the way that he did.But they argue in fascinating detail that， to understand his genius， one must take into account not just the earlier history of physics but also the history of knowledge more broadly.Although not always an easy read， the book will interest physicists and historians alike.
5.What’s the attitude of Gutfreund and Renn to the popular viewpoint on Einstein？（　　）
A.Opposing. B.Favorable.
C.Ambiguous. D.Indifferent.
6.What does the underlined phrase “from scratch” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（　　）
A.From nothing. B.Up to a certain standard.
C.From others. D.With previous knowledge.
7.What does the author try to say by mentioning the famous physicists？（　　）
A.Their ideas were rejected by Einstein.
B.Their devotion to physics impressed Einstein.
C.Their research contributed to Einstein’s success.
D.Their hard work deserved the worldwide respect.
8.Where is the text most probably taken from？（　　）
A.A guidebook to a course.
B.An introduction to a book.
C.An essay on Albert Einstein.
D.A review of physics development.
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2025·沈阳质量监测）While enjoying my fresh lunch in a restaurant in Amsterdam， I noticed something odd.Customers coming in for something to eat ignored the person standing behind the counter， preferring to 　9　 through a smartphone.
　　What was the crazy thing about this？ They were just several centimeters apart！ 　10　， they were so close that the staff member took a quick 　11　 at his screen to get a head start on picking the right vegetables — all without any words 　12　.Now， I get it： Modern technology allows us to be more 　13　， but I might be witnessing something deeper： We prefer not to talk to each other anymore.
　　Think about it for a moment.When was the last time you naturally 　14　 a conversation with somebody you didn’t know？ The chances are that you don’t even 　15　！ Likely either you or the other person was “busy” with other things like 　16　 with a smartphone. Now， with the 　17　 of digital technologies， one can’t help but pay the 　18　 for modern efficiency： our ability to talk to strangers.
　　We shop， 　19　 a hotel， or order a taxi， all via an app. 　20　 with random strangers is becoming rarer and rarer.Yet there are surprising 　21　 of having even a short and simple conversation with strangers.You might learn something 　22　， and beyond doubt， it has the power to enrich your understanding of others and 　23　 a special bond in our modern world.
9.（　）A.talk　　　　　 B.call　　　　　 C.order　　　 D.deliver
10.（　）A.Hopefully B.Naturally C.Generally D.Actually
11.（　）A.chance B.turn C.look D.test
12.（　）A.spoken B.written C.typed D.mentioned
13.（　）A.efficient B.enthusiastic C.effective D.energetic
14.（　）A.ended up B.engaged in C.made up D.went on
15.（　）A.hear B.believe C.remember D.understand
16.（　）A.recording B.studying C.playing D.calculating
17.（　）A.idea B.aim C.problem D.rise
18.（　）A.cash B.price C.debt D.tax
19.（　）A.decorate B.book C.build D.repair
20.（　）A.Contact B.Work C.Conflict D.Reunion
21.（　）A.interests B.benefits C.disadvantages D.influences
22.（　）A.unrealistic B.unsuitable C.unreasonable D.unexpected
23.（　）A.serves as B.refers to C.accounts for D.consists of
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2025·临沂模拟）Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has spread to 196 countries and regions and gained worldwide 24.　　　　　　 （recognise） for its unique strengths in disease prevention and control and rehabilitation.
　　Chinese acupuncture， Lum medicinal bathing of Sowa Rigpa， 25.　　　　　　 Taijiquan have been included in the UNESCO Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage.Huang Di Nei Jing and Ben Cao Gang Mu， ancient Chinese 26.　　　　　　 （classic） on medicine， have been listed in the Memory of the World Register.
Every year， a large number of international students come to China to study TCM， and TCM products and services have been 27.　　　　　　 great demand at the annual China International Fair for Trade in Services.
China will continue to promote quality traditional Chinese medicine resources and services overseas， and help build 28.　　　　　　 global community of health for all.
The three TCM patent medicines and three TCM prescriptions， 29.　　　　　　 have proved effective during the pandemic， 30.　　　　　　 （adopt） by a number of countries so far.China has also dispatched TCM experts to aid disease control work in 29 countries.
China 31.　　　　　　 （announce） a plan on Wednesday that aims to promote the culture of TCM， including 32.　　　　　　 （step） up protection and conservation of the practice， building a national digital TCM museum， launching various activities 33.　　　　　　 （raise） awareness among students and facilitating TCM-related cultural exchanges with foreign countries.
UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。14岁的Heman Bekele发明了一种抗皮肤癌肥皂，并凭借此发明在3M青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，被评为“美国顶尖青年科学家”。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Bekele因其开创性的发明——抗皮肤癌肥皂，在2023年3M青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，被评为“美国顶尖青年科学家”。由此可知，令Bekele一夜成名的是他发明了抗皮肤癌肥皂。
2.A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun ...the risks associated with constant sun exposure.可知，目睹了人们在阳光下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意识到持续暴露在阳光下的风险。由此可推知，Bekele对他人的关心激励他发明抗皮肤癌肥皂。
3.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个致力于将他的发明传播到更多地方的非营利组织，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和切实可行的解决方案。由此可知，Bekele在不久的将来会增加人们获得肥皂的可能性。
4.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的his groundbreaking creation和his innovative creation可知，Bekele创造性地发明了一种抗皮肤癌肥皂，这说明Bekele有创造力；再根据第二段中的Having witnessed people work tirelessly ...constant sun exposure和最后一段中的establish a nonprofit organization ...fight against skin cancer可知，Bekele为他人着想。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本书，在书里面两位专家对爱因斯坦所取得的辉煌成就进行了另外一种诠释——爱因斯坦所取得的成就离不开先驱者们的研究成果。
5.A　观点态度题。根据第二段可知，这两个专家首次通过整理爱因斯坦的作品，发现对于爱因斯坦大家都有一个普遍的误解，大家都错误地以为爱因斯坦单独地、完全靠个人的想法创造了现代物理学。由此推知，这两个专家对关于爱因斯坦的流行观点持否定态度。
6.A　词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，这本书有很大一部分解释了爱因斯坦认为科学的进步是通过稳定的发展，而不是对过去革命性的决裂。他认为他的相对论不是横空出世，而是一批先驱者研发的经典物理学的自然延伸。
7.C　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，爱因斯坦认为自己的相对论不是横空出世，而是十六世纪和十七世纪意大利天文学家伽利略和英国物理学家牛顿等先驱以及十九世纪物理学家发展起来的经典物理学的自然延伸。由此推断，作者提到这些著名的物理学家是为了说明爱因斯坦的成功受益于他们的研究成果。
8.B　文章出处题。根据全文尤其是第四段中的The authors highlight ...The book also includes和第五段最后一句可知，本文主要为读者介绍了The Einsteinian Revolution这本书，所以本文最有可能摘自图书导语。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了科技对人际沟通的影响。
9.C　上文说顾客们进来吃东西的时候，忽视了站在柜台后的人，此处是说他们更喜欢通过智能手机来点餐。
10.D　下文提到的they were so close是一个事实，因此这里用Actually。
11.C　根据上文they were so close及下文at his screen ...the right vegetables可知，工作人员快速看了一下顾客的手机屏幕，以提前做好准备去挑选正确的蔬菜。
12.A　根据下文We prefer not to talk to each other anymore.可知，这一切是在一句话也没有说的情况下进行的。
13.A　根据下文one can’t help ...for modern efficiency可知，现代技术使我们更加高效。
14.B　根据上文We prefer not to talk to each other anymore.可知，这里是说上一次和陌生人进行交谈的时候。engage in a conversation进行交谈。
15.C　根据上文When was the last time ...didn’t know？可知，这里是指很可能你甚至都不记得上次和陌生人说话是什么时候了。
16.C　根据上文busy和下文with a smartphone可知，人们在忙着玩手机。
17.D　根据下文modern efficiency可知，随着数字技术的兴起，人们的效率得以提高，但同时也为此付出了代价。
18.B　参见上题解析。pay the price for表示“为……付出代价”，为固定短语。
19.B　根据下文all via an app可知，我们通过应用程序购物、预订酒店或打车。
20.A　根据上文We shop ...all via an app.可知，人们通过手机应用程序完成生活中的各种事情，所以和陌生人的接触越来越少了。
21.B　根据下文You might learn something ...our modern world.可知，和陌生人交谈有很多好处。
22.D　根据语境和常识可知，和陌生人交谈可能让你学到意想不到的东西。
23.A　和陌生人交谈可以充当现代生活中的一种特殊纽带。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。中医已传播到196个国家和地区，并以其在疾病预防控制和康复方面的独特优势赢得了全世界的认可。
24.recognition　本空前面有谓语动词gained，这里需要一个名词来作其宾语。
25.and　这里列举了三种中医疗法，意义并列，因此用并列连词and连接。
26.classics　本空前面提到了《黄帝内经》和《本草纲目》两部经典著作，因此这里应用名词的复数形式。
27.in　in great demand是一个固定短语，表示“非常需要的；受欢迎的”。
28.a　本空后面的community是一个可数名词，a global community表示“一个全球性的社区”。
29.which　根据语境可知，这里是一个非限制性定语从句，因此应该用关系代词which。
30.have been adopted　这里表示药物和处方“被采用”，且时间状语为so far，因此应用现在完成时的被动语态。
31.announced　根据时间状语on Wednesday以及语境可知，这里应用一般过去时。
32.stepping　本空前的including是介词，因此这里应用动词-ing形式作其宾语。
33.to raise　这里表示开展各种活动的目的是提高学生对中医的认识，因此用动词不定式作目的状语。
3 / 4Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破
　　The doctor， 　　　　　　　　（负责急诊室） ， worked day and night to defend the hospital 　　　　 a potential outbreak. A new strain of the flu began 　　　　　　　　（infect） patients rapidly. Calm and decisive， she took effective 　　　（measure） to contain the spread of the flu and protect the staff. Her quick actions saved countless lives. 微技能热身 1.①处应填　　　　　　　　　　　。 2.②处应填　　　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　　　。 4.④处应填　　　　　　。
in charge of 主管；掌管（表状态）
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I’m going to visit the museum which doesn’t charge 　　　　　　admission tomorrow morning.
②Tears of sadness and terror poured down the boy’s cheeks， because he 　　　　　　（charge） with stealing the gold ring without solid proof.
【写美】 微写作
③我们正在寻找一个负责任和勤奋的人来负责这个项目。
We are looking for someone who is responsible and hard-working 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
【归纳】
（1）in the charge of 由……来负责；被……掌管
take charge of 负责；掌管（表动作）
free of charge 免费
（2）charge （sb） for sth （向某人）要价……
charge sb with （doing） sth指控某人（做）某事
【佳句】 I will be in charge of the English speech competition， which makes me greatly honoured.
＝The English speech competition will be in the charge of me， which makes me greatly honoured.
我将负责这次英语演讲比赛，这使我倍感荣幸。
　　Above all， the less we go out， the less likely we will come down with the deadly disease.In addition ， whenever we go out， we must wear masks outdoors.Thanks to these interventions， the threat of the epidemic in China saw a substantial decrease.What we have experienced has taught us to lead a healthy life such as drinking boiled water and avoiding raw foods.In conclusion， 　　　　　　 the leadership of the CPC， we have achieved steady success. 微技能热身 1.①处短语与本单元词汇　　　　同义。 2.②处saw意为“　　　　　　”， 此处用了　　　的修辞手法。 3.③处应填　　　　。
decrease n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.（使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Through the doctor’s efforts， the number of people who suffered from the disease 　　　　　　　　（decrease） significantly by the end of last century.
②With the traffic improving， the number of accidents is 　　　　　　the decrease.
【写美】 一句多译
③由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数量正在减少。
→Because of human activities， the number of some rare animals 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
→Because of human activities， the number of some rare animals 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　.
【归纳】
（1）on the decrease　　　　在下降；在减少
a decrease in sth 某方面的减少/下降
on the increase 在增加
（2）decrease by 减少了
decrease （from ...） to （从……）减少到
decrease in 在某方面下降
【佳句】 First， with the popularity of e-books， people find it convenient to download books on the Internet， which leads to the decrease of traditional readers.
首先，随着电子书的普及，人们发现在互联网上下载书籍很方便，这导致了传统读者的减少。
　　Whenever important exams approach， many students will 　　　　　　　　　　（感到沮丧和紧张） .They always suspect that they will fail in the coming exams.Furthermore， they always blame themselves 　　　 not studying well enough.They have no idea how to have the terrible situation 　　　　　（handle） .Thanks to the headteacher’s guidance， they can face exams bravely and confidently. 微技能热身 1.①处应填　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　。 2.②处应填　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　。 4.把句④升级为强调原因的强调句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责
【练通】 单句语法填空
①In my view， Li Hua， who broke the school rules， was 　　　　　　（blame）.
②（2024·九省联考）When Katherine， the trainer， saw this， she blamed Hilda 　　　　　　her carelessness.
【写美】 微写作
③由于被指责考试没考好，女孩忍不住掩面痛哭。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， the girl couldn’t help crying bitterly， burying her face in her hands.（情绪描写）
【归纳】
（1）blame sb for （doing） sth责备某人做了某事
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame （for） 应（为……）承担责任
（2）lay/put the blame on 把……归咎于……
take the blame for sth 承担某事的责任
【佳句】 Instead of blaming each other， we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place. （建议信）
我们应该多交流、换位思考而不是相互指责。
【点津】 be to blame 无被动语态。
句型公式：have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
【教材原句】 Accordingly， he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.
相应地，他让人把水泵的手柄拆了，这样水泵就不能用了。
【写美】 微写作
①即使我们已经完成作业，他也总是让我们阅读经典作品来开阔我们的视野。
Even if we have finished our homework， he always 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②我非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间，因为刚才我有一件紧急的事情要处理。
I am terribly sorry for 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， because 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　just now.
【归纳】
（1）have sth done　让别人做某事；让某事被完成
have sb do sth 让某人做某事
have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事
have sth to do 有某事要做
（2）can’t/couldn’t have sb doing sth
不允许某人做某事（否定句）
【佳句】 Last Sunday our school had us take part in a five-kilometer cross-country running race to build up our bodies.上周日我们学校让我们参加五公里越野赛跑以增强体质。
Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.subscribe to
A.订阅　 　B.同意；赞同　 　C.捐助
①He subscribes to the view that we can tackle the severe problem in this way once and for all. 　　　　　
②This is the school the outstanding and patriotic scientist subscribed to generously in the past. 　　　　　
③Using the money I earned in the holiday， I have subscribed to multiple magazines recently. 　　　　　
2.词义猜测
①（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey， Babylon Micro-Farm （BMF） shortens it even more. 　　　　　
②The engine is used for pumping water out of the mine. 　　　　　
③To my surprise， they shifted their viewpoints frequently.　　　　　
④Over twenty prisoners were crushed into a small dark cell. 　　　　　
⑤ He is determined to hire a famous lawyer to defend himself in court. 　　　　　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
单句语法填空
1.Seeing him push himself back into the corner even further when she approached with breakfast， she frowned again， feeling 　　　　　（frustrate） and broken-hearted.
2.In reality， he made a severe mistake， 　　　　　　（shift） his weight nervously from one foot to another.
3.With tears 　　　　（pour） down his cheeks， he watched the documentary film 　　　　（trace） the history of the ancient town.
4.With the application of the new technology， plastic waste can be recycled and transformed 　　　　　　building materials.
5.The 　　　　　　（gift） girl made a speech in the hall， which was quite 　　　　　　（infect） and convincing.
6.Your innovations should be linked 　　　　our school lives and be able to make our lives better and more convenient.
Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能
短文投稿——如何面对失败
　　你校英文报正在征稿，请你结合下面的名人名言，写一篇题为My Understanding of Failure的短文。
　　A man can fail many times， but he isn’t a failure until he begins to blame somebody else.
—J. Burroughs
　　内容包括：1.你对该名言的理解；
　　2.生活中的例子；
　　3.你的感悟。
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.这句名言告诉我们，面对失败时，我们应该反思自己，而不是责怪他人。（famous quote； put the blame on）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.进入高中，一些学生考试成绩很差。（省略句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.他们把责任归咎于老师而不是自己，结果成绩更差。我也不例外。（分词短语作结果状语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.我意识到抱怨没有用，开始调整自己的学习方法，每当遇到困难时就向老师求助。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.我取得了稳定的进步，这反过来又增强了我的信心。（非限制性定语从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.从这次经历中我意识到：只有勇敢地承担失败的责任，而不是责怪别人，我们才能成功。（倒装句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
My Understanding of Failure
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 人物描写：frustrated， contradictory， gifted， outstanding， brilliant， leadership
动作描写：subscribe to， suspect， blame， handle， transform， cast， defend→ defence， come down with， in charge of
美句 ①He was determined to find out why. （情感描写） ②Born in Shanghai in 1911， Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering. （人物描写） ③On 31 October 2009， the whole country was saddened by Qian’s death， and people honoured and remembered him in different ways. （拟人）
动作描写之“嘴/唇”动作
词汇 美句
动“嘴” ①open-mouthed目瞪口呆的 ②one’s mouth widens咧开嘴 ③one’s mouth drops/hangs wide open 张大嘴巴 ④cup/cover one’s mouth 捂住某人的嘴 ⑤one’s heart in one’s mouth提心吊胆 ①He was sitting at the other end of the table， tight-lipped and looking angry. 他坐在桌子的另一头，双唇紧闭，看起来很生气。 ②Serious as my mum was， a faint smile danced around the corners of her mouth. 我妈妈虽然严肃，但是她的嘴角却掠过一丝微笑。 ③My mouth started watering when I smelled the food my mum had prepared. 一闻到我妈妈做的饭菜的香味，我就开始流口水了。 ④She looked out of the window， biting her lip as if thinking about her child. 她一边看着窗外，一边咬着嘴唇，好像在想她的孩子。
动 “嘴唇” ①lick one’s lips舔嘴唇 ②purse one’s lips噘嘴 ③bite one’s lip忍住不说；抑制情感流露
情境导语 饥饿的小女孩拿起三明治刚要吃，三明治就被哥哥一把抢走……
第一步　完成句子
1.闻到三明治的香味，饥饿的小女孩开始流口水了。（mouth作主语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.她正要拿起三明治咬一口，突然一只手捂住了她的嘴。（mouth作宾语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.是她的哥哥一把抢走了三明治放入自己口中。（强调句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.她抬起头，目瞪口呆地看着他。（合成词）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.当泪水顺着脸颊流下来时，她咬住她的下嘴唇以免嘴唇发抖。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.她的哥哥捂住嘴偷笑。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二步　连句成文
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身]　1.in charge of the emergency room　2.from　3.infecting/to infect　4.measures
1.①for　②was charged　③to take charge of/be in charge of the project
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身]　1.Furthermore　2.历经　拟人　3.under
2.①had decreased　②on　③is on the decrease； is decreasing
考点新语境（三）
[微技能热身]　1.feel frustrated and nervous　2.for
3.handled　4.It is thanks to the headteacher’s guidance that they can face exams bravely and confidently.
3.①to blame　②for　③Blamed for not performing well in the examination
4.①has us read classics to broaden our horizons　②having you waiting for me for so long； I had an urgent thing to attend to
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.①B　②C　③A
2.①adj.可靠的　②vt.用泵输送　③vt.改变观点（或态度、做事方式等）　④n.牢房；小房间　⑤v.辩解，辩护
维度二
1.frustrated　2.shifting　3.pouring； tracing　4.into
5.gifted； infectious　6.to/with
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.This famous quote conveys the message that when facing failure， we should reflect on ourselves instead of putting the blame on others.
2.When entering senior high school， some students performed poorly in exams.
3.They blamed it on the teachers rather than themselves， resulting in even poorer performance.I was no exception.
4.Aware that complaining made no sense， I got down to adjusting my learning methods and turned to my teachers whenever encountering difficulties.
5.I made steady progress， which in turn boosted my confidence.
6.From the experience， I realise that only by bravely taking responsibility for failure rather than blaming others can we succeed.
第二步
My Understanding of Failure
　　This famous quote conveys the message that when facing failure， we should reflect on ourselves instead of putting the blame on others.
　　When entering senior high school， some students performed poorly in exams.They blamed it on the teachers rather than themselves， resulting in even poorer performance.I was no exception.However， aware that complaining made no sense， I got down to adjusting my learning methods and turned to my teachers whenever encountering difficulties.Gradually， I made steady progress， which in turn boosted my confidence.
　　From the experience， I realise that only by bravely taking responsibility for failure rather than blaming others can we succeed.
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.The hungry girl’s mouth started watering when she smelled the sandwich.
2.She was about to pick up the sandwich and take a bite when suddenly a hand cupped her mouth.
3.It was her brother who grabbed the sandwich and put it into his own mouth.
4.She looked up at him， open-mouthed.
5.She bit her lower lip to keep it from trembling as tears ran/streamed/rolled down her cheeks.
6.Her brother covered his mouth to hide his laugh.
第二步
　　The hungry girl’s mouth started watering when she smelled the sandwich.She was about to pick up the sandwich and take a bite when suddenly a hand cupped her mouth.It was her brother who grabbed the sandwich and put it into his own mouth.She looked up at him， open-mouthed.She bit her lower lip to keep it from trembling as tears ran/streamed/rolled down her cheeks.Meanwhile， her brother covered his mouth to hide his laugh.
5 / 6(共129张PPT)
UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
高中总复习·英语 (人教版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. a severe expression 一种严厉的表情
2. subscribe to the view赞成这个观点
3. be suspected of theft 被怀疑有偷窃行为
4. be linked to our school lives
与我们的校园生活相联系
5. a substantial change 重大变化
6. decrease the amount of rubbish减少垃圾的数量
7. my initial plan 我最初的计划
8. with so much solid proof有这么多确凿的证据
9. be traced back to the Ming Dynasty追溯到明朝
10. as an outstanding scientist作为一位杰出的科学家
11. a modern abstract painting 一幅现代抽象画
12. a brilliant performance 一场精彩的表演
13. admit one’s faults in public当众承认自己的过错
14. shift nervously from one foot to another紧张地从一只脚换到
另一只脚
15. have a vivid imagination 拥有丰富的想象力
16. handle n.把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵（车辆、动物、工
具等）；（用手）触碰
①handle conflicts calmly and wisely冷静且明智地处理冲突
②handle with care小心搬运
③turn the handle转动把手
语境记忆
17. besides prep.除……之外（还） adv.而且；此外；furthermore
adv.此外；再者
Besides/Furthermore， China’s high-speed railway network has
connected various cities effectively， greatly saving travel time and
promoting economic development.　（2024·全国甲卷）
此外，中国的高速铁路网络有效地连接了各个城市，大大缩短了旅行
时间，促进了经济发展。
18. blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责
Rather than blaming the circumstances for his failures， he
decided to reflect on his own choices and take ownership of his
mistakes.　（情感描写）
他没有将失败归咎于环境，而是决定反思自己的选择，并为自己的错
误负责。
19. pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）
As students， we can take part by doing small things， such as collecting
garbage on the seashore or avoiding pouring waste water into the oceans.　
（2022·全国甲卷）
作为学生，我们可以通过做一些小事来参与，比如在海边收集垃圾或
避免将废水倒入海洋。
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. cholera n.霍乱
2. diarrhoea n.腹泻
3. dehydration n.脱水
4. contradictory adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的
5. pump n.泵；抽水机；打气筒
6. water pump水泵
7. household n.一家人；家庭；同住一所（套）房子的人
8. raw adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的
9. statistic n.[pl.-s] 统计数字；统计资料；统计学
10. epidemiology n.流行病学
11. microscope n.显微镜
12. protein n.蛋白质
13. cell n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房
14. vaccine n.疫苗
15. framework n.框架；结构
16. theoretical framework理论框架
17. rainbow n.彩虹
18. plasma n.血浆
19. aerospace n.航空航天工业
20. patriotic adj.爱国的
21. mechanical adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的
22. mechanic n.机械师；机械修理工
阅读词汇明义
教材例句
23. （外研选择性必修第四册）Speaking of “dirty”， do you know
that there are more germs on a coin than on a toilet seat？！　n.微生
物；细菌；病菌
24. （外研选择性必修第二册）But although the virus caused the rabbit
population to decrease from 130，000 to around 10，000， it also meant
less food for the cats.　n.病毒
25. （译林选择性必修第四册）Finally， understand that it is not
sufficient to simply know something or to understand what you know，
because for knowledge to have concrete value， it must be applied.　
adj.确实的；具体的
派生词汇识记
1. frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustrate vt.使懊恼；使沮
丧→frustration n.沮丧；懊恼；挫败
2. infection n.感染；传染→infect vt.使感染；传染→infectious adj.感
染的；传染的
3. proof n.证据；证明；检验→prove vt.证明 link v.证明是
4. intervention n.介入；出面；干涉→intervene vi.干扰；介入
5. pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→purely adv.完全地；纯粹地
→purify vt.净化；使……洁净
6. transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变→transformation n.
转化；转换；变换；变化
7. thinking n.思想；思维；见解→think v.认为；思考
8. finding n.发现；调查结果；（法律）判决→find v.发现
9. initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→initially adv.最初地
第一组
1. once and for all 最终地；彻底地
2. subscribe to 同意；赞同
3. thanks to 幸亏；由于
4. break out 突然开始；爆发
5. in charge of 主管；掌管
6. come down with 患（病）；染上（小病）
7. above all 最重要的是；尤其是
8. have an impact on 对……有影响
9. be to blame 负有责任
10. under one’s leadership 在某人的领导下
第二组
1. die from the disease 死于疾病
2. in general 总的来说；从总体上看
3. in the early 19th century 十九世纪初
4. through one’s tireless efforts 通过某人不懈的努力
5. overcome some difficulties 克服一些困难
6. receive a hero’s welcome 受到英雄般的欢迎
7. take on the challenge 接受挑战
8. be more likely to get cholera 更有可能得霍乱
1. 句式：until引导的时间状语从句
原句：Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，
until a British doctor， John Snow， showed how it could be
overcome.
在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界
上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
2. 句式：so ... that ...如此……以至于……
原句：He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak
was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.他发现在两条
特定的街上霍乱爆发是如此严重，以至于十天内死了500多人。
3. 句式：It seems that ...看起来似乎……
原句：It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much
that she had it delivered to her house every day.
看来这位妇女非常喜欢从这个泵中抽取的水，以至于每天都让人把它
送到家中。
4. 句式：have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
原句：Accordingly， he had the handle of the pump removed so that it
could not be used.
相应地，他让人把水泵的手柄拆了，这样水泵就不能用了。
5. 句式：否定副词与比较级连用表示最高级
原句：Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s
aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.
也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
6. 人物描写
原句：Born in Shanghai in 1911， Qian attended schools in Beijing and
then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical
Engineering.
钱学森1911年出生于上海，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，学
习铁道机械工程。
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.cholera n.霍乱
□2.contradictory adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的
□3.germ n.微生物；细菌；病菌
□4.multiple adj.数量多的；多种多样的
□5.pump n.泵；抽水机；打气筒
□6.household n.一家人；家庭；同住一所（套）房子的人
□7.intervention n.介入；出面；干涉
□8.substantial adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的
□9.statistic n.[pl.-s] 统计数字；统计资料；统计学
□10.microscope n.显微镜
□11.protein n.蛋白质
□12.cell n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房
□13.virus n.病毒
□14.vaccine n.疫苗
□15.framework n.框架；结构
□16.astronomy n.天文学
□17.concrete n.混凝土
adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
□18.aerospace n.航空航天工业
□19.patriotic adj.爱国的
□20.mechanic n.机械师；机械修理工
□21.missile n.导弹
□22.abstract adj.抽象的；理论上的
n.（文献等的）摘要
□23.concept n.概念；观念
1. adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的
2. n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联
3. adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的
4. n.减少；降低；减少量
vt.& vi.（使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低
核心单词练通
severe　
link　
raw　
decrease　
5. adj.最初的；开始的；第一的
6. vt.投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷
7. n.阴影；影子；背光处
8. n.彩虹
9. vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）
10. vt.追溯；追踪；查出 n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹
11. adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的
12. prep.除……之外（还） adv.而且；此外
13. adv.此外；再者
14. n.改变；转换；轮班
vi.& vt.转移；挪动；转向
initial
cast　
shadow　
rainbow　
pour　
trace　
outstanding　
besides　
furthermore　
shift　
15. From my point of view， we should also take English books and
websites into consideration， thus laying a （可靠的）
foundation for English.
16. It was a challenging and demanding job， but anyhow he managed
to （处理） it appropriately.
17. A country will have a （美好的） future when its
younger generations have ideas， ability， and a strong sense of
responsibility.
solid　
handle　
brilliant　
18. In the past 10 years， great changes have taken place in my hometown
under the （领导） of the government.
19. The managing director took the （责备） for the
accident， although it was not really his （过失）.
leadership　
blame　
fault　
拓展单词用活
1. adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→ vt.使懊
恼；使沮丧→ n.沮丧；懊恼；挫败
2. n.感染；传染→ vt.使感染；传染
→ adj.感染的；传染的
3. adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→ adv.完全地；纯
粹地→ vt.净化；使……洁净
4. vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变
→ n.（彻底的）变化；改观；转变
frustrated　
frustrate　
frustration　
infection　
infect　
infectious　
pure　
purely　
purify　
transform　
transformation　
5. n.思想；思维；见解→ v.认为；思考
6. n.发现；调查结果；（法律）判决→ v.发现
7. adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→ adv.稳定
地；持续地
8. He described what he saw in London， giving us
a picture about people’s lives there.（vivid）
9. With solid ， the lawyer can certainly that he is
innocent.（prove）
thinking　
think　
finding　
find　
steady　
steadily　
vividly　
vivid　
proof　
prove　
10. ， I entirely knew about the steps they took to
create a better campus.（initial）
11. John， an ， came to my ； that is to
say， he me in finishing the impossible task on time.
（assist）
12. To her from being hurt， I must say something in
her .（defend）
13. Lang Lang is a pianist and he has a great for
playing the piano.（gift）
Initially　
initial　
assistant　
assistance　
assisted　
defend　
defence　
gifted　
gift　
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
先
写
对 1. 最终地；彻底地 2. 　　同意；赞同 3. 　　幸亏；由于 4. 　　（战争、打斗等
不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发 5. 　　主管；掌管 6. 　患（病）；染上（小病） 7. 　　　　　　
最重要的是；尤其是
8. 　　
对……有影响
9. 负有责任
10.

　　在某人的领导下
11. 　　
追溯到
12. 　　
在……过程中
once and for all　
subscribe to　
thanks to　
break out　
in charge of　
come down with　
above all　
have an impact on　
be to blame　
under one’s
leadership　
be traced back to　
over the course of　
再
用
准 根据语境选用上面短语填空
1. his kindness and timely assistance， I succeeded in
jumping onto the bus just before it left.
2.（2022·1月浙江卷）Aware that my partner
a serious disease， I had knots in my throat and rushed to hospital
anxiously.
3.This morning， several classmates and I the idea
that we went to pick up rubbish in the People’s Park.
4.Settling the matter is of critical importance for
them to start a new life.
Thanks to　
came down with　
subscribed to　
once and for all　
（三）破解构词密码——知规律·巧记忆
形容词后缀-ous
密
码
解
读 含义 表示“具有……性质的；充满……的” 规
则 直接
加ous 辅音之后y变i再加ous on变ous 去e再加ous 特殊
例
词 dangerous 危
险的 humorous有
幽默感的 mountainous
多山的 courageous
勇敢的 ①harmony→ harmonious
和谐的 ②envy→envi
ous 羡慕的 ③mystery→ mysterious
神秘的 ①caution→caut
ious 谨慎的 ②infection→ infectious 传
染的 ③ambition→ ambitious 有
抱负的 ①continue→conti
nuous 连续的 ②fame→famous
著名的 ③adventure→ adventurous 有
冒险精神的 ①variety→
various
各种各样的
②curiosity
→curious
好奇的
即
时
演
练 1.Her mother was an （ambition） woman and she
had great determination to get her children to enter key universities.
2.When factories pump （poison） water into the
river， creatures living in the river， such as shellfish， will absorb
poison into their bodies.
3.My English teacher is very friendly and has a great sense of
humour.She often tells us （humour） stories in
class.
4.It is our duty to make our world a more
（harmony） place to live in， so we should live in harmony with
each other.
5.We do not need to envy any other person， for our existence is
unique.Learn to be truly happy for the success of others， rather
than （envy）.
ambitious　
poisonous　
humorous　
harmonious　
envious　
（四）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：until引导的时间状语从
句 教材原句：Cholera used to be one of
the most feared diseases in the world，
until a British doctor， John Snow，
showed how it could be overcome. 1.玛丽沿着小路走着，来到
了有着宽阔草坪和蜿蜒小径
的巨大花园。
Mary walked along the
pathway
with wide lawns
and winding walks.　（环境
描写）
until she came to
huge gardens
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：so ... that ...如
此……以至于…… 教材原句：He discovered that in two
particular streets the cholera outbreak
was so severe that more than 500 people
died in ten days. 2.他是如此紧张，以至于他
感觉舌头打结，手心出汗。
He was he
felt his tongue tied and palms
sweating.　（紧张心理描
写）
so nervous that　
句型公式 句式仿写
3.句型公式：have＋宾语＋宾语补
足语 教材原句：Accordingly， he had
the handle of the pump removed so
that it could not be used. 3.我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后
让人把它们送到农民家里。
We began to help pick peaches
and then
to the farmers’ houses.
had them delivered　
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
The doctor， 　　　（负责急诊室） ， worked day
and night to defend the hospital 　　　　 a potential outbreak. A new strain of the flu began 　　　　　　　　 （infect） patients rapidly. Calm and decisive， she took effective 　　　　 （measure） to
contain the spread of the flu and protect the staff. Her quick actions saved
countless lives.
微技能热身
1.①处应填 。
2.②处应填 。
3.③处应填 。
4.④处应填 。
in charge of
the emergency room　
from　
infecting/to
infect　
measures　
in charge of 主管；掌管（表状态）
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I’m going to visit the museum which doesn’t charge
admission tomorrow morning.
②Tears of sadness and terror poured down the boy’s cheeks， because
he （charge） with stealing the gold ring without solid
proof.
for　
was charged　
【写美】 微写作
③我们正在寻找一个负责任和勤奋的人来负责这个项目。
We are looking for someone who is responsible and hard-working
.
to
take charge of/be in charge of the project　
【归纳】
（1）in the charge of　由……来负责；被……掌管
take charge of　　负责；掌管（表动作）
free of charge　　免费
（2）charge （sb） for sth　　（向某人）要价……
charge sb with （doing） sth指控某人（做）某事
【佳句】 I will be in charge of the English speech competition， which
makes me greatly honoured.
＝The English speech competition will be in the charge of me， which
makes me greatly honoured.
我将负责这次英语演讲比赛，这使我倍感荣幸。
Above all， the less we go out， the less likely we will
come down with the deadly disease.In addition ， whenever we go out， we must wear masks outdoors.Thanks to these interventions， the threat of the epidemic in China saw a substantial
decrease.What we have experienced has taught us to lead a healthy life such as drinking boiled water and avoiding raw foods.In conclusion， 　　　　　　 the leadership of the CPC， we have achieved steady success.
微技能热身
1.①处短语与本单元词汇 同义。
2.②处saw意为“ ”，
此处用了 的修辞手法。
3.③处应填 。
Furthermore　
历经　
拟人　
under　
decrease n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.（使大小、数量等）减
少；减小；降低
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Through the doctor’s efforts， the number of people who suffered
from the disease （decrease） significantly by the end
of last century.
②With the traffic improving， the number of accidents is the
decrease.
had decreased　
on　
【写美】 一句多译
③由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数量正在减少。
→Because of human activities， the number of some rare animals
.
→Because of human activities， the number of some rare animals
.
is on
the decrease　
is
decreasing　
【归纳】
（1）on the decrease　　　　在下降；在减少
a decrease in sth　　某方面的减少/下降
on the increase　　在增加
（2）decrease by　　减少了
decrease （from ...） to　　（从……）减少到
decrease in　　在某方面下降
【佳句】 First， with the popularity of e-books， people find it
convenient to download books on the Internet， which leads to the
decrease of traditional readers.
首先，随着电子书的普及，人们发现在互联网上下载书籍很方便，这
导致了传统读者的减少。
Whenever important exams approach， many students will 　　　　　　　　　　
（感到沮丧和紧张） .They always suspect that they will fail in the coming exams.Furthermore， they always blame
themselves 　　　 not studying well enough.They have no idea how to have the terrible situation 　　　　　 （handle） .Thanks to the headteacher’s guidance， they can face exams bravely and confidently.
微技能热身
1.①处应填 。
2.②处应填 。
3.③处应填 。
4.把句④升级为强调原因的强调句：


feel
frustrated and
nervous　
for　
handled　
It is thanks to the
headteacher’s
guidance that they can
face exams
and confidently.
bravely
blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责
【练通】 单句语法填空
①In my view， Li Hua， who broke the school rules， was
（blame）.
②（2024·九省联考）When Katherine， the trainer， saw this， she
blamed Hilda her carelessness.　
to blame　
for　
【写美】 微写作
③由于被指责考试没考好，女孩忍不住掩面痛哭。
， the girl
couldn’t help crying bitterly， burying her face in her hands.　（情绪
描写）
Blamed for not performing well in the examination　
【归纳】
（1）blame sb for （doing） sth　责备某人做了某事
blame sth on sb 　　把某事归咎于某人
be to blame （for）　　应（为……）承担责任
（2）lay/put the blame on 　　把……归咎于……
take the blame for sth　　承担某事的责任
【佳句】 Instead of blaming each other， we should communicate more
and put ourselves in others’ place.　（建议信）
我们应该多交流、换位思考而不是相互指责。
【点津】 be to blame 无被动语态。
句型公式：have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
【教材原句】 Accordingly， he had the handle of the pump removed
so that it could not be used.
相应地，他让人把水泵的手柄拆了，这样水泵就不能用了。
【写美】 微写作
①即使我们已经完成作业，他也总是让我们阅读经典作品来开阔我们
的视野。
Even if we have finished our homework， he always
.
②我非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间，因为刚才我有一件紧急的事情要
处理。
I am terribly sorry for ，
because just now.
has us read classics
having you waiting for me for so long　
I had an urgent thing to attend to　
to broaden our horizons　
【归纳】
（1）have sth done　　让别人做某事；让某事被完成
have sb do sth　　让某人做某事
have sb doing sth　　让某人一直做某事
have sth to do　　有某事要做
（2）can’t/couldn’t have sb doing sth
　　不允许某人做某事（否定句）
【佳句】 Last Sunday our school had us take part in a five-kilometer
cross-country running race to build up our bodies.上周日我们学校让我们
参加五公里越野赛跑以增强体质。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. subscribe to
A. 订阅　 　B. 同意；赞同　 　C. 捐助
①He subscribes to the view that we can tackle the severe problem in this
way once and for all.　
B　
②This is the school the outstanding and patriotic scientist subscribed to
generously in the past.　
③Using the money I earned in the holiday， I have subscribed to
multiple magazines recently.　
C　
A　
2. 词义猜测
①（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to
reduce the journey， Babylon Micro-Farm （BMF） shortens it even
more.　
adj.可靠的　
②The engine is used for pumping water out of the mine.

③To my surprise， they shifted their viewpoints frequently.

④Over twenty prisoners were crushed into a small dark cell.

⑤ He is determined to hire a famous lawyer to defend himself in
court.　
vt.用泵输送　
vt.改变观点（或态度、做事方式等）　
n.牢房；小房间　
v.辩解，辩护　
维度二 写作词汇夯实　——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
单句语法填空
1. Seeing him push himself back into the corner even further when she
approached with breakfast， she frowned again， feeling
（frustrate） and broken-hearted.
2. In reality， he made a severe mistake， （shift） his
weight nervously from one foot to another.
frustrated　
shifting　
3. With tears （pour） down his cheeks， he watched the
documentary film （trace） the history of the ancient town.
4. With the application of the new technology， plastic waste can be
recycled and transformed building materials.
5. The （gift） girl made a speech in the hall， which was
quite （infect） and convincing.
6. Your innovations should be linked our school lives and be
able to make our lives better and more convenient.
pouring　
tracing　
into　
gifted　
infectious　
to/with　
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
短文投稿——如何面对失败
　　你校英文报正在征稿，请你结合下面的名人名言，写一篇题为
My Understanding of Failure的短文。
　　A man can fail many times， but he isn’t a failure until he begins to
blame somebody else.　—J. Burroughs
　　1. 你对该名言的理解；
　　2. 生活中的例子；
　　3. 你的感悟。
　　内容包括：
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 这句名言告诉我们，面对失败时，我们应该反思自己，而不是责怪
他人。　（famous quote； put the blame on）


2. 进入高中，一些学生考试成绩很差。　（省略句）


This famous quote conveys the message that when facing failure， we
should reflect on ourselves instead of putting the blame on others.
When entering senior high school， some students performed poorly in
exams.
3. 他们把责任归咎于老师而不是自己，结果成绩更差。我也不例外。　
（分词短语作结果状语）


4. 我意识到抱怨没有用，开始调整自己的学习方法，每当遇到困难时
就向老师求助。



They blamed it on the teachers rather than themselves， resulting in even
poorer performance.I was no exception.
Aware that complaining made no sense， I got down to adjusting my
learning methods and turned to my teachers whenever encountering
difficulties.
5. 我取得了稳定的进步，这反过来又增强了我的信心。　（非限制性
定语从句）

6. 从这次经历中我意识到：只有勇敢地承担失败的责任，而不是责怪
别人，我们才能成功。　（倒装句）


I made steady progress， which in turn boosted my confidence.
From the experience， I realise that only by bravely taking responsibility
for failure rather than blaming others can we succeed.
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
My Understanding of Failure
　　

　　 　This famous quote conveys the message that when facing failure，
we should reflect on ourselves instead of putting the blame on others.　
　　






　　

　　 　When entering senior high school， some students performed
poorly in exams.They blamed it on the teachers rather than themselves，
resulting in even poorer performance.I was no exception.However，
aware that complaining made no sense， I got down to adjusting my
learning methods and turned to my teachers whenever encountering
difficulties.Gradually， I made steady progress， which in turn boosted
my confidence.　
　　 　From the experience， I realise that only by bravely taking
responsibility for failure rather than blaming others can we succeed.　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮
词 人物描写：frustrated， contradictory， gifted， outstanding，
brilliant， leadership
动作描写：subscribe to， suspect， blame， handle， transform， cast， defend→ defence， come down with， in charge of
美
句 ①He was determined to find out why.　（情感描写）
②Born in Shanghai in 1911， Qian attended schools in Beijing and
then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway
Mechanical Engineering.　（人物描写）
③On 31 October 2009， the whole country was saddened by Qian’s death， and people honoured and remembered him in different ways.　（拟人）
动作描写之“嘴/唇”动作
词汇 动
“嘴” ①open-mouthed目瞪口呆的
②one’s mouth widens咧开嘴
③one’s mouth
drops/hangs wide open张大嘴巴
④cup/cover one’s mouth捂住某人的嘴
⑤one’s heart in one’s mouth提心吊胆
动
“嘴唇” ①lick one’s lips舔嘴唇
②purse one’s lips噘嘴
③bite one’s lip忍住不说；抑制情感流露
美句
①He was sitting at the other end of thetable， tight-lipped and looking angry.
他坐在桌子的另一头，双唇紧闭，看起来很生气。
②Serious as my mum was， a faint smile danced around the corners of her mouth.
我妈妈虽然严肃，但是她的嘴角却掠过一丝微笑。
③My mouth started watering when I smelled the food my mum had
prepared.
一闻到我妈妈做的饭菜的香味，我就开始流口水了。
④She looked out of the window， biting her lip as if thinking about her child.
她一边看着窗外，一边咬着嘴唇，好像在想她的孩子。
情境导语 饥饿的小女孩拿起三明治刚要吃，三明治就被哥哥一把抢
走……　
第一步　完成句子
1. 闻到三明治的香味，饥饿的小女孩开始流口水了。　（mouth
作主语）


The hungry girl’s mouth started watering when she smelled the
sandwich.
2. 她正要拿起三明治咬一口，突然一只手捂住了她的嘴。　（mouth
作宾语）


3. 是她的哥哥一把抢走了三明治放入自己口中。　（强调句）


4. 她抬起头，目瞪口呆地看着他。　（合成词）

She was about to pick up the sandwich and take a bite when suddenly a
hand cupped her mouth.
It was her brother who grabbed the sandwich and put it into his own
mouth.
She looked up at him， open-mouthed.　
5. 当泪水顺着脸颊流下来时，她咬住她的下嘴唇以免嘴唇发抖。


6. 她的哥哥捂住嘴偷笑。

She bit her lower lip to keep it from trembling as tears ran/streamed/rolled
down her cheeks.
Her brother covered his mouth to hide his laugh.
第二步　连句成文
　　






　　 　The hungry girl’s mouth started watering when she smelled the
sandwich.She was about to pick up the sandwich and take a bite when
suddenly a hand cupped her mouth.It was her brother who grabbed the
sandwich and put it into his own mouth.She looked up at him， open-
mouthed.She bit her lower lip to keep it from trembling as tears
ran/streamed/rolled down her cheeks.Meanwhile， her brother covered his
mouth to hide his laugh.　
4
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·济南质量检测）A rising star from Virginia has secured the
title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking
creation — a bar of soap designed to battle against skin cancer.At just 14
years old， Heman Bekele emerged as the victor of the 2023 3M Young
Scientist Challenge， standing out among the ten finalists with his
innovative creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap （SCTS）.
　　Bekele’s brilliant concept centers on the development of a soap that
is not only affordable， but also has the potential to reactivate the body’s
natural defenders of the skin to stop skin cancer.In Bekele’s own
words， “Curing cancer， one bar of soap at a time.” He always has
endless passion for biology and technology， and the 3M Young Scientist
Challenge just provided him with the perfect platform to display his
ideas.Reflecting on his inspiration， Bekele shared that his childhood
played a significant role in shaping his innovative thinking.Having
witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun， he couldn’t help but
wonder how many were aware of the risks associated with constant sun
exposure.
　　“I wanted to make my idea not only scientifically exceptional but
also accessible to a broad audience，” Bekele expressed during an
interview with the media.He received invaluable guidance from Deborah
Isabelle， a product engineering specialist， who connected him with
other scientists to aid him in reaching his ambitious plans.
　　During his presentation， Bekele passionately expressed his vision of
turning the soap into “a symbol of hope， accessibility， and a world
where skin cancer treatment is within reach for all”.
　　Over the coming five years， Bekele longs to perfect his invention
and establish a nonprofit organization devoted to distributing his
innovative creation to more places including undeveloped communities，
offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。14岁的Heman Bekele发明了一种抗
皮肤癌肥皂，并凭借此发明在3M青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，被
评为“美国顶尖青年科学家”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。14岁的Heman Bekele发明了一种抗
皮肤癌肥皂，并凭借此发明在3M青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，被
评为“美国顶尖青年科学家”。
1. What made Bekele an instant hit？（　　）
A. Starting a soap fashion.
B. Overcoming skin cancer.
C. Being the youngest scientist.
D. Creating a soap against skin cancer.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Bekele因其开创性的发
明——抗皮肤癌肥皂，在2023年3M青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，
被评为“美国顶尖青年科学家”。由此可知，令Bekele一夜成名的是
他发明了抗皮肤癌肥皂。
√
2. What inspired Bekele to invent the SCTS？（　　）
A. His concern for others.
B. His adventure in childhood.
C. His enthusiasm for technology.
D. His interest in medical knowledge.
√
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Having witnessed people work
tirelessly under the sun ...the risks associated with constant sun
exposure.可知，目睹了人们在阳光下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道
有多少人意识到持续暴露在阳光下的风险。由此可推知，Bekele对他
人的关心激励他发明抗皮肤癌肥皂。
3. What will Bekele do in the near future？（　　）
A. Obtain official approval.
B. Visit undeveloped areas.
C. Increase the availability of the soap.
D. Update the facilities of production.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，在接下来的五年里，
Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个致力于将他的发明传播到更多
地方的非营利组织，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和切实可行的解决方案。
由此可知，Bekele在不久的将来会增加人们获得肥皂的可能性。
√
4. Which of the following can best describe Bekele？（　　）
A. Inspiring and modest.
B. Humorous and positive.
C. Creative and considerate.
D. Curious and independent.
√
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第一段中的his groundbreaking creation和
his innovative creation可知，Bekele创造性地发明了一种抗皮肤癌肥
皂，这说明Bekele有创造力；再根据第二段中的Having witnessed
people work tirelessly ...constant sun exposure和最后一段中的establish
a nonprofit organization ...fight against skin cancer可知，Bekele为他人
着想。
B
　　（2025·沈阳质量监测）German physicist Albert Einstein is one of
the most famous scientists of all time， the personification of a genius and
the subject of a whole industry of scholarship.In The Einsteinian
Revolution， two experts on Einstein’s life and his theory of relativity —
Israeli physicist Hanoch Gutfreund and German historian of science Jürgen
Renn — offer an original and penetrating （精辟的） analysis of
Einstein’s revolutionary contributions to physics and our view of the
physical world.
　　For the first time ever， by setting Einstein’s work in the long
course of the evolution of scientific knowledge， Gutfreund and Renn
discover the popular misconception about Einstein as an unconventional
scientific genius who created modern physics single-handedly and by pure
thought alone.
　　As a large part of the book explains， Einstein typically argued that
science progresses through steady evolution， not through revolutionary
breaks with the past.He saw his theory of relativity not as something from
scratch， but a natural extension of the classical physics developed by
pioneers such as Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist
Isaac Newton in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries， as well as
nineteenth-century physicists.
　　The authors highlight how classical physics cannot be separated
cleanly from modern Einsteinian physics.The book also includes
substantial sections on Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and
Galileo， whose methods inspired Einstein.When Einstein considered
himself as standing on their shoulders， he meant that， without their
contributions， he would not have formulated （创立） the theory of
relativity.
　　The Einsteinian Revolution is an important and thought-provoking
contribution to the scholarly literature on Einstein and his surprising
scientific creativity between 1905 and 1925.Gutfreund and Renn might not
have given the final answer as to why Einstein， of all people，
revolutionized physics in the way that he did.But they argue in fascinating
detail that， to understand his genius， one must take into account not just
the earlier history of physics but also the history of knowledge more
broadly.Although not always an easy read， the book will interest
physicists and historians alike.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本书，在书里面
两位专家对爱因斯坦所取得的辉煌成就进行了另外一种诠释——爱
因斯坦所取得的成就离不开先驱者们的研究成果。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本书，在书里面
两位专家对爱因斯坦所取得的辉煌成就进行了另外一种诠释——爱
因斯坦所取得的成就离不开先驱者们的研究成果。
5. What’s the attitude of Gutfreund and Renn to the popular viewpoint
on Einstein？（　　）
A. Opposing. B. Favorable.
C. Ambiguous. D. Indifferent.
√
解析： 　观点态度题。根据第二段可知，这两个专家首次通过整理
爱因斯坦的作品，发现对于爱因斯坦大家都有一个普遍的误解，大家
都错误地以为爱因斯坦单独地、完全靠个人的想法创造了现代物理
学。由此推知，这两个专家对关于爱因斯坦的流行观点持否定态度。
6. What does the underlined phrase “from scratch” in Paragraph 3
probably mean？（　　）
A. From nothing.
B. Up to a certain standard.
C. From others.
D. With previous knowledge.
√
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，这本书有很大一部分解释
了爱因斯坦认为科学的进步是通过稳定的发展，而不是对过去革命性
的决裂。他认为他的相对论不是横空出世，而是一批先驱者研发的经
典物理学的自然延伸。
7. What does the author try to say by mentioning the famous physicists？
（　　）
A. Their ideas were rejected by Einstein.
B. Their devotion to physics impressed Einstein.
C. Their research contributed to Einstein’s success.
D. Their hard work deserved the worldwide respect.
√
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，爱因斯坦认为自己的相对
论不是横空出世，而是十六世纪和十七世纪意大利天文学家伽利略和
英国物理学家牛顿等先驱以及十九世纪物理学家发展起来的经典物理
学的自然延伸。由此推断，作者提到这些著名的物理学家是为了说明
爱因斯坦的成功受益于他们的研究成果。
8. Where is the text most probably taken from？（　　）
A. A guidebook to a course.
B. An introduction to a book.
C. An essay on Albert Einstein.
D. A review of physics development.
解析： 　文章出处题。根据全文尤其是第四段中的The authors
highlight ...The book also includes和第五段最后一句可知，本文主要
为读者介绍了The Einsteinian Revolution这本书，所以本文最有可能摘
自图书导语。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2025·沈阳质量监测）While enjoying my fresh lunch in a
restaurant in Amsterdam， I noticed something odd.Customers coming in
for something to eat ignored the person standing behind the counter，
preferring to 　9　 through a smartphone.
　　What was the crazy thing about this？ They were just several
centimeters apart！ 　10　， they were so close that the staff member
took a quick 　11　 at his screen to get a head start on picking the right
vegetables — all without any words 　12　.Now， I get it： Modern
technology allows us to be more 　13　， but I might be witnessing
something deeper： We prefer not to talk to each other anymore.
　　Think about it for a moment.When was the last time you
naturally 　14　 a conversation with somebody you didn’t know？ The
chances are that you don’t even 　15　！ Likely either you or the other
person was “busy” with other things like 　16　 with a smartphone.
Now， with the 　17　 of digital technologies， one can’t help but pay
the 　18　 for modern efficiency： our ability to talk to strangers.
　　We shop， 　19　 a hotel， or order a taxi， all via an app. 　20　
with random strangers is becoming rarer and rarer.Yet there are
surprising 　21　 of having even a short and simple conversation with
strangers.You might learn something 　22　， and beyond doubt， it has
the power to enrich your understanding of others and 　23　 a special
bond in our modern world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了科技对人际沟通的
影响。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了科技对人际沟通的
影响。
9. A. talk B. call C. order D. deliver
解析： 　上文说顾客们进来吃东西的时候，忽视了站在柜台后的
人，此处是说他们更喜欢通过智能手机来点餐。
√
10. A. Hopefully B. Naturally
C. Generally D. Actually
√
解析： 　下文提到的they were so close是一个事实，因此这里用
Actually。
11. A. chance B. turn C. look D. test
解析： 　根据上文they were so close及下文at his screen ...the right
vegetables可知，工作人员快速看了一下顾客的手机屏幕，以提前做好
准备去挑选正确的蔬菜。
√
12. A. spoken B. written
C. typed D. mentioned
√
解析： 　根据下文We prefer not to talk to each other anymore.可知，
这一切是在一句话也没有说的情况下进行的。
13. A. efficient B. enthusiastic
C. effective D. energetic
解析： 　根据下文one can’t help ...for modern efficiency可知，现
代技术使我们更加高效。
14. A. ended up B. engaged in
C. made up D. went on
√
√
解析： 　根据上文We prefer not to talk to each other anymore.可知，
这里是说上一次和陌生人进行交谈的时候。engage in a conversation进
行交谈。
15. A. hear B. believe
C. remember D. understand
解析： 　根据上文When was the last time ...didn’t know？可知，这
里是指很可能你甚至都不记得上次和陌生人说话是什么时候了。
√
16. A. recording B. studying
C. playing D. calculating
√
解析： 　根据上文busy和下文with a smartphone可知，人们在忙着玩
手机。
17. A. idea B. aim C. problem D. rise
解析： 　根据下文modern efficiency可知，随着数字技术的兴起，人
们的效率得以提高，但同时也为此付出了代价。
√
18. A. cash B. price C. debt D. tax
√
解析： 　参见上题解析。pay the price for表示“为……付出代价”，
为固定短语。
19. A. decorate B. book
C. build D. repair
解析： 　根据下文all via an app可知，我们通过应用程序购物、预订
酒店或打车。
√
20. A. Contact B. Work
C. Conflict D. Reunion
√
解析： 　根据上文We shop ...all via an app.可知，人们通过手机应
用程序完成生活中的各种事情，所以和陌生人的接触越来越少了。
21. A. interests B. benefits
C. disadvantages D. influences
解析： 　根据下文You might learn something ...our modern world.可
知，和陌生人交谈有很多好处。
√
22. A. unrealistic B. unsuitable
C. unreasonable D. unexpected
√
解析： 　根据语境和常识可知，和陌生人交谈可能让你学到意想不
到的东西。
23. A. serves as B. refers to
C. accounts for D. consists of
解析： 　和陌生人交谈可以充当现代生活中的一种特殊纽带。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
　（2025·临沂模拟）Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has
spread to 196 countries and regions and gained worldwide
24. 　　　　　　 （recognise） for its unique strengths in disease
prevention and control and rehabilitation.
　　Chinese acupuncture， Lum medicinal bathing of Sowa Rigpa，
25. 　　　　　　 Taijiquan have been included in the UNESCO Lists of
Intangible Cultural Heritage.Huang Di Nei Jing and Ben Cao Gang Mu，
ancient Chinese 26. 　　　　　　 （classic） on medicine， have been
listed in the Memory of the World Register.
Every year， a large number of international students come to China
to study TCM， and TCM products and services have been
27. 　　　　　　 great demand at the annual China International Fair for
Trade in Services.
China will continue to promote quality traditional Chinese medicine
resources and services overseas， and help build 28. 　　　　　　 global
community of health for all.
The three TCM patent medicines and three TCM prescriptions，
29. 　　　　　　 have proved effective during the pandemic，
30. 　　　　　　 （adopt） by a number of countries so far.China has
also dispatched TCM experts to aid disease control work in 29 countries.
China 31. 　　　　　　 （announce） a plan on Wednesday that
aims to promote the culture of TCM， including 32. 　　　　　　
（step） up protection and conservation of the practice， building a
national digital TCM museum， launching various activities
33. 　　　　　　 （raise） awareness among students and facilitating
TCM-related cultural exchanges with foreign countries.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。中医已传播到196个国家和地区，并
以其在疾病预防控制和康复方面的独特优势赢得了全世界的认可。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。中医已传播到196个国家和地区，并
以其在疾病预防控制和康复方面的独特优势赢得了全世界的认可。
24. recognition　本空前面有谓语动词gained，这里需要一个名词来作
其宾语。
25. and　这里列举了三种中医疗法，意义并列，因此用并列连词and
连接。
26. classics　本空前面提到了《黄帝内经》和《本草纲目》两部经典
著作，因此这里应用名词的复数形式。
27. in　in great demand是一个固定短语，表示“非常需要的；受欢迎
的”。
28. a　本空后面的community是一个可数名词，a global community表
示“一个全球性的社区”。
29. which　根据语境可知，这里是一个非限制性定语从句，因此应该
用关系代词which。
30. have been adopted　这里表示药物和处方“被采用”，且时间状语
为so far，因此应用现在完成时的被动语态。
31. announced　根据时间状语on Wednesday以及语境可知，这里应用
一般过去时。
32. stepping　本空前的including是介词，因此这里应用动词-ing形式
作其宾语。
33. to raise　这里表示开展各种活动的目的是提高学生对中医的认
识，因此用动词不定式作目的状语。
演示完毕 感谢观看 !

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