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UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·武汉模拟）When he flagged me down， I thought he was an elder collecting a “customs fee”， the few dollars it costs to use village roads that lead to many of Samoa’s sights.He’d been sitting lazily in a greying roadside shack （棚子） built for such occasions.Normally I wouldn’t pick up a free rider.But I tried to live out a dream.
　　I’d wanted to go to Pulemelei Mound since I’d heard it mentioned in an archaeology class years ago.The “mound” is actually a pyramid 40 feet high and roughly 200 feet across at its base.So， I asked，“Do you know how to get to Pulemelei Mound？”
　　“Mmm，” he said， raising his eyebrows in the classic Polynesian gesture for “yes”.“I need to pick up my car at the mechanic but no hurry， I’ll take you there first if you want.”
　　You’d think that a giant pyramid would be a major sight， or at least something many people had heard of， but it isn’t.My accidental friend’s raise of the eyebrows was the most promising prospect I’d had in a week.
　　We drove along the road in silence for a few minutes.Then my new friend broke the silence and， meanwhile， my hopes.“I’ve never been to Pulemelei，” he said.“I’ve lived here but I never thought of going.” My heart sank.But we pressed on， crossing a stream， walking through waist-high grass， and then another mile of hot walk until we found a sign.There， barely visible， were the words：“Pulemelei Mound 150 m.” The sign marked a dark tunnel of jungle.Then the path opened to rays of sunshine.We climbed.And then， magic.We were standing on top of a Polynesian pyramid.
　　Just then， my friend， obviously awed by what he saw， turned toward me， and placed his big Samoan hands on my shoulders.In the most natural way， he bent down and kissed me gently on the cheek.
　　“Thank you，” he said.
1.What’s the purpose of the Samoan man flagging me down？（　　）
A.To thumb a ride. B.To ask for directions.
C.To collect a customs fee. D.To warn of a road accident.
2.Which of the following words can best describe the author？（　　）
A.Informed but rigid. B.Hesitant but agreeable.
C.Skeptical and reserved. D.Curious and adventurous.
3.Why did the Samoan man thank the author in the end？（　　）
A.He had lived out his dream. B.He was taken to the mechanic.
C.He enjoyed the author’s company. D.He experienced the thrill of discovery.
4.What is the passage mainly about？（　　）
A.A Polynesian village. B.A famous Samoan sight.
C.A chance encounter. D.An elder protecting local roads.
B
　　（2025·河南名校学术联盟模拟）Once you cross the over 50 mark， it’s not a time to worry about getting older or put as much emphasis on career or how much you earn.
　　It’s a golden moment in which we can pause to reflect and take stock of the most important things in life： family， friends， a more relaxed lifestyle and social connectivity.Many say it’s the best time of our lives.Our children probably have their own homes and families， in which you are undoubtedly an important part.You may feel a little lost with all this undiscovered freedom.But the truth is， it’s almost like going back to those teen years， with limitless potential for fun and enjoyment！ With the world at your fingertips once again， it’s an opportunity to live your life the way you want.Find out what you love doing and take pride in new hobbies， new passions and try new things you may not have previously had the chance to do.They all say life begins at 50， I couldn’t agree more.As an example， after I hit this milestone， I achieved some great things， including pioneering an innovative living， care and lifestyle solution with my latest venture （冒险事业） — Odyssey Lifestyle Care Communities.
　　Odyssey celebrates life’s journey and aims to provide affordable high-end permanent living arrangements， within a community setting that delivers increasing levels of care.Built around a resort style environment， the Odyssey model has set an excellent example in the industry by demonstrating the power of putting people first.
　　As a passionate advocate for consumer-directed care models of service， I think the Government’s recommendation of Australia adopting a rights-based system in their final report of the Royal Commission into Aged Care， is certainly a step in the right direction.
　　Odyssey’s model is driven by a people-centred approach that places residents at the forefront of all our decisions， which is why we decided to incorporate and invest in technologies that ensure health and safety.
5.What does the underlined phrase “take stock of” in Paragraph 2 mean？（　　）
A.Think of. B.Look for.
C.Envy. D.Praise.
6.Why do many people say over 50 is the best time of life？（　　）
A.They are more familiar with their surroundings. B.They have less burden but more free time.
C.They have stronger desire to do new things. D.They are paid much attention to.
7.What do we know about Odyssey Lifestyle Care Communities？（　　）
A.It is a research centre for the study of the old.
B.It provides part-time jobs for a community.
C.It is a department to adopt rights-based systems.
D.It offers good service at reasonable prices for the old.
8.Who is probably the author？（　　）
A.A person less than 50. B.A person in the government.
C.A staff member of Odyssey. D.A news reporter of a magazine.
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2025·武汉调研考试）When I was in third grade， my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country.It turned out to be more than just a 　9　 journey；it was a journey of discovery into our 　10　.
　　Every day， Dad 　11　 us with his trusty road map.Mom， the heart of our family， shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming 　12　.We went through diverse 　13　 from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
　　One day， while hiking through the Grand Canyon， I 　14　 a particularly rough path.Frightened， I 　15　， not knowing how to proceed.That’s when my parents 　16　.
　　As Dad showed me footholds， Mom coached me with calming 　17　 and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead.Then， I 　18　 the confidence as my feet 　19　 solid ground again.When I finally overcame my fear， I felt we became 　20　 as a family.
　　From then on， every evening， we’d gather around a campfire for what we 　21　 called “Family Reflection Time”.During these sessions， we’d share laughter， 　22　， and insights from the day’s experiences.
　　The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t merely about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route， and the family bonds formed when we face 　23　 together.
9.（　）A.crowded　　 　　　 B.physical　　 　　　 C.creative　　 D.necessary
10.（　）A.relationships B.potentials C.dreams D.inspirations
11.（　）A.guided B.encouraged C.comforted D.attracted
12.（　）A.events B.stations C.locations D.shows
13.（　）A.cultures B.landscapes C.groups D.countries
14.（　）A.imagined B.constructed C.smoothed D.encountered
15.（　）A.froze B.flew C.fell D.forgot
16.（　）A.reached down B.stood aside C.stepped in D.turned back
17.（　）A.words B.worries C.noises D.thoughts
18.（　）A.lost B.maintained C.demonstrated D.restored
19.（　）A.left B.broke C.found D.dug
20.（　）A.nicer B.tougher C.braver D.closer
21.（　）A.occasionally B.affectionately C.temporarily D.curiously
22.（　）A.sympathies B.conflicts C.tears D.profits
23.（　）A.challenges B.defeats C.oppositions D.uncertainties
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　You might have heard of 24.　　　　　　 expression “a guilty pleasure” — maybe it’s the chocolate bar you buy on the way home from work， or the new clothes that you don’t really need. It comes from the idea 25.　　　　　　 when we reward ourselves with something we like， it can sometimes leave us 26.　　　　　　 （feel） guilty. Perhaps we don’t feel we deserved it， or we don’t think it was a responsible way to spend our money. But should we feel like this？ Do we really have to feel guilty about treating 27.　　　　　　 （we）？
　　Perhaps not. Psychologists have suggested that buying things for yourself can make you feel better as it 28.　　　　　　 （provide） an opportunity to take control of your situation. It can give you social contact as well as a confidence boost from changes you make to your self-image. It’s important 29.　　　　　　 （recognize） and embrace these guilty pleasures as a way to relax， unwind， and enjoy moments of leisure without 30.　　　　　　 （judge） or criticism.
Of course， there are also examples of people turning to dangerous behaviour when 31.　　　　　　 （face） with stressful circumstances. People might spend money that they don’t have or turn to unhealthy 32.　　　　　　 （habit）. Psychologist Leon Seltzer considers the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurturing. Self-indulgence can be reckless and have negative consequences， 33.　　　　　　 self-nurturing is taking responsible decisions to satisfy our needs and take care of ourselves in ways that don’t have a significant impact.
UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和一位搭顺风车的老人一起前往普莱梅利丘的故事。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，萨摩亚人拦“我”的目的是搭顺风车。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者在考古学课上知道了普莱梅利丘这个地方，于是决定前往该地；再结合倒数第三段可知，作者是个好奇和爱冒险的人。
3.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可推知，萨摩亚人最后感谢作者是因为他经历了发现的快乐。
4.C　主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者和一位搭顺风车的老人一起前往普莱梅利丘的故事。由此可知，本文主要讲述了一次偶然的相遇。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了一家养老机构Odyssey Lifestyle Care Communities。
5.A　词义猜测题。根据上文It’s a golden moment in which we can pause to reflect可知，take stock of the most important things in life： family， friends， a more relaxed lifestyle and social connectivity表示思考生活中最重要的事情：家庭、朋友、更轻松的生活方式和社会关系。由此推知，画线短语意为“思考”。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Our children probably have their own homes and families ... it’s an opportunity to live your life the way you want.可知，50岁后，人们几乎没有家庭负担，并且有了自己的空闲时间去做自己喜欢的事情。因此，许多人说50岁是一生中最好的时光。
7.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Odyssey celebrates life’s journey and aims to provide affordable high-end permanent living arrangements， within a community setting that delivers increasing levels of care.可知，Odyssey为老年人提供高质量的服务，并且价格合理。
8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，作者是Odyssey的员工。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在一次家庭旅行中，出现突发情况。在父母共同帮助下，作者克服恐惧，重拾自信，发现与家人之间的关系更亲近了。
9.B　根据上文中的my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country可知，这既然是一次难忘的旅行，就不能仅仅是身体层面的。
10.A　根据全文内容可知，这不仅是一次身体上的旅行，更是发现我们家庭关系的探索之旅。通过旅途中的事件，让全家人关系更近了。
11.A　根据本句中的his trusty road map可知，父亲用地图的目的是指引方向。
12.C　根据本句中的shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming可知，母亲不仅分享各种民间故事，还画了关于即将到达的地点的图片。
13.B　根据本句中的from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West可知，作者全家经历了从茂密的森林到西部广阔的沙漠的各种风景，这些都属于沿途经历的风景。
14.D　根据上文中的while hiking through the Grand Canyon可知，作者徒步大峡谷时，遇到了一条特别崎岖的道路。
15.A　根据本句中的not knowing how to proceed可知，作者僵在那里，不知道如何继续前行。
16.C　根据下文中的Dad showed me footholds， Mom coached me可知，父母这个时候介入了，都在想方设法帮助作者。
17.A　根据语境可知，母亲用平静的话语指导作者，让作者忘记恐惧。
18.D　根据上文可知，母亲平静的话语安抚了作者，因此作者恢复了信心。
19.C　根据本句中的again可知，之前作者不知道如何前进，经过父母帮助，作者冷静下来，找到坚实的地面。
20.D　根据句中的When I finally overcame my fear可知，作者在父母帮助下，战胜了恐惧。经过本次事件，一家人关系更亲密了。
21.B　根据语境可知，历经此事，全家每晚都会聚集在篝火旁，亲切地称之为“家庭反思时间”。
22.C　根据上文描述的大家聚在篝火旁反思可知，全家分享欢笑和眼泪，还有一天的经历。
23.A　根据上文可知，作者经历了这次挑战，感觉与家人的关系更近了。因此得出结论：家庭纽带是在共同面对挑战时形成的。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在生活中当我们偶尔奢侈享乐时，往往会伴随一种自责情绪。作者认为，我们偶尔犒劳自己时，没必要自责。
24.the　考查冠词。这里特指后面提到的短语a guilty pleasure，因此应用定冠词the。
25.that　考查同位语从句。本空后面在解释说明前面提到的idea的具体内容，因此由连词that引导一个同位语从句。
26.feeling　考查非谓语动词。leave sb doing sth是固定用法，表示“让某人做某事或处于某种状态”。
27.ourselves　考查代词。本句主语为we，这里表示我们犒劳我们自己，因此用反身代词ourselves。
28.provides　考查时态。根据语境可知，这里在陈述一个现存的客观事实，因此应用一般现在时。
29.to recognize　考查非谓语动词。本句由代词It作形式主语，这里应用动词不定式作真正主语。
30.judg（e）ment　考查词形转换。本空前面是介词without，因此这里应用名词作其宾语。
31.faced　考查非谓语动词。be faced with是固定短语，表示“面临”。这里when faced with相当于when we are faced with。
32.habits　考查名词复数。根据语境可知，这里应用可数名词habit的复数形式。
33.while/but　考查连词。由于两个分句之间存在转折关系，因此这里应用表达转折意义的连词while/but。
3 / 3Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破
　　Born in a wealthy family， Jack has been dreaming of an adventure since he was young.At 18， Jack resolved to join an expedition advertised in the newspaper， but the leader turned him 　　　　 because he thought Jack was not qualified.Full of vigour， Jack never abandoned his dream for he was so enthusiastic 　　　　 a great voyage. 微技能热身 1.①处单词与　　　　　　 同义。 2.②处应填　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　。
resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决（问题或困难） n.决心；坚定的信念
【练通】 单句语法填空
①　　　　　　 （resolve） conflicts， we should learn to communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
【写美】 微写作
②文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家已经决定不遗余力地保护它们。
Cultural relics represent the wisdom of our ancestors， so 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
【归纳】
（1）　 决定做……
（2）resolution n.　　　　决议；解决；坚定；决心
make a resolution to do ...下定决心做……
【佳句】 The old man resolved/made a resolution that he would give away all his belongings to the abandoned children after his death.
老人决定，死后要把所有的财产都赠送给那些被遗弃的孩子们。
enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Inspired by the 　　　　　　（enthusiastic） and encouragement， David quickened his pace in high spirits.
【写美】 微写作
②尽管失败了几次，伯纳德和杰克仍然热情地做爆米花。
Bernard and Jack still made popcorn 　　　　　　　　　　　　in spite of several failures.
③他们热衷于参加慈善活动。
They 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the charity activities.
【归纳】
（1）be enthusiastic about （doing） sth 对（做）某事充满热情
（2）enthusiasm n. 热情；热忱
lack/be full of enthusiasm 缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm 热情地
（3）enthusiastically adv. 热情地；热心地
【佳句】 I am not only full of enthusiasm but also easy to get along with， which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.我不仅充满热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。
　　On a bitter cold day， Tom went aboard a massive ship bound for the Atlantic Ocean.We looked at him with envy.　　　　 （fortunate） ， the motor broke down and the ship got crushed on a huge iceberg.When the ship sank， his heart also sank.At that time， the calm captain made a 　　　　（commit） to save them and commanded them to throw away their 　　　　（belong） .Finally， they were fortunate enough to escape the ship.If it had not been for their endurance， resolution and perseverance， they would not have survived. 微技能热身 1.①处应填　　　　　　　。 2.②处应填　　　　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　　　　。 4.句④中if 引导　　　　条件句。
envy n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I envied him 　　　　　　（be） enthusiastic and full of energy and it seemed that he never felt exhausted.
②All the girls at the dance watched her 　　　　　　envy when she danced with the prince.
【写美】 微写作
③李明不仅学得快，而且善于用逻辑思维解决难题，这让我十分羡慕。
Not only is Li Ming quick at learning but he is also good at solving tough problems with a logical mind， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
【归纳】
（1）envy sb sth　　羡慕某人有某物
envy sb doing sth 羡慕某人做某事
（2）with envy 羡慕地；妒忌地
out of envy 出于妒忌
green with envy （妒忌地）眼红
（3）envious adj. 羡慕的；妒忌的
envious of sb/sth 羡慕/妒忌某人/某物
【佳句】 Honestly speaking， I do envy you getting the title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
老实说，我真羡慕你获得了“优秀毕业生”的称号，我应该向你学习。
句型公式：if引导虚拟条件句
【教材原句】 If it weren’t for sea animals， we would all starve.要不是有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。
【写美】 微写作
①要不是你的帮助，我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I wouldn’t have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
②如果你接受我的申请，我将不遗余力地做到让你满意。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I would spare no effort to commit myself to your satisfaction.
③如果你没有滑倒的话，你就不会把腿摔断。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， you wouldn’t have broken your leg.
【归纳】
　　if引导的虚拟条件句用法如下：
虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实 相反的假设 动词的过去式（be动词一般用were） would/could/should/might＋动词原形
与过去事实 相反的假设 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实 相反的假设 （1）动词的过去式； （2）were to＋动词原形； （3）should＋动词原形 would/could/should/might＋动词原形
Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.rough
A.汹涌的；风浪很大的　 B.崎岖的　C.粗略的 D.艰难的 E.粗鲁的
①I can’t tolerate sailing in rough seas. 　　　　　
②（2023·全国甲卷）The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came， with a rough number of 50，000 or more living alongside Native Americans. 　　　　　
③I don’t know how to release the pressure in such a rough time. 　　　　　
④The ice on the rough road has melted and it is safe to drive on it now. 　　　　　
⑤He is such a rough child that he doesn’t behave himself. 　　　　　
2.bitter
A.痛苦的　　B.激烈的　　C.寒冷的；刺骨的 D.味苦的 E.愤愤不平的
①She is very bitter about losing her job. 　　　　　
②I’ve learnt from the bitter experience not to trust what he says. 　　　　　
③Outside， a bitter east wind is accompanied by flurries of snow. 　　　　　　
④Traditional Chinese medicine usually tastes bitter and is hard to swallow. 　　　　　　
⑤With no one to resolve their dispute，the two sides are locked into a bitter conflict. 　　　　　
3.词义猜测
①She was sincere and genuine in her wish to make up for her former mistakes. 　　　　　
②Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. 　　　　　
③Boiling with extreme anger， he barked a series of questions at his crew.　　　　　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
单句语法填空
1.We have resolved 　　　　　　（reduce） our carbon footprint by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide we produce.
2.Dozens of 　　　　　　（qualify） students took part in the campaign and practised frequently with the help of some experienced writers and teachers.
3.The Tiangong Class not only broadens our horizons but also sparks our 　　　　　　（enthusiastic） for science.
4.Wang Lei is a friendly and outgoing boy， who is 　　　　　　（commit） to his work as a member of the Students’ Union.
5.Whenever I felt discouraged， you were always there to offer timely 　　　　　　（guide） and encouragement.
6.　　　　　　 （fortunate）， dozens of students didn’t seize the opportunity to finish these 　　　　　　（assign） readings ahead of time.
7.（2023·全国乙卷）We managed 　　　　　（leave） this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset.
8.According to the airline rules， we recommend you （should） switch off your mobile phone before 　　　　　　（board） the plane.
Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能
建议信——不要辍学
　　假定你是李华，你的英国好友Tom打算辍学。请你给他回复一封邮件，建议他放弃此想法。
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.得知你打算辍学，我写信来说服你不要放弃你的学业。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I am writing to persuade you not to give up your studies.
2.我必须告诉你不要冒险。否则，没有好的教育，将来你会失去许多好机会。
I must tell you not to take risks.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3.因为你才15岁，你无法想象如果你离开学校会怎样。
As you are only 15 years old， you can’t imagine 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.我强烈建议你从现在开始专注于学习。
I strongly suggest that you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.作为你忠实的朋友，我将不遗余力地提供给你及时的指导。加油！
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.Come on！
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 情感描写：bitter adj.→bitterly adv.， enthusiastic adj.→enthusiastically adv.， envy n.& v.→envious adj.， miserable， decent， cosy， selfish， good/bad-tempered， genuine， resolve v.→resolution n.， cruel adj.→cruelty n.， loyal adj.→ loyalty n.， commitment n.→committed adj.
动作描写：turn sb down， assign， sink， abandon， voyage， persevere， bark， bat， make fire， give off
美句 ①At the age of 19， I am fit and full of vigour. （人物描写） ②And when the ship sank， our hearts sank with it. （情感描写） ③Their genuine concern for others， their perseverance， and their resolve fill me with hope. （排比） ④We felt so alone and desperate. （情感描写） ⑤If it weren’t for sea animals， we would all starve. （虚拟语气） ⑥When we were finally rescued， we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. （情感描写） ⑦Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive. （主旨升华）
动作描写之“看”（一）
词汇 美句
单词 notice注意到　observe注意到；观察到 spot注意到 scan细看；察看，端详；浏览 ①Timmy’s eyes were fixed unblinkingly on Max as he swam around in the water. 蒂米一边在水里游来游去，一边目不转睛地盯着马克斯。 ②She stole a glance at Tom’s phone screen. 她偷偷瞥了一眼汤姆的手机屏幕。 ③I scanned the faces of the crowd； dozens of familiar faces from school came into my view.我端详着人群中一张张脸，学校里的几十张熟悉的面孔出现在我的视野中。 ④He looked deep into her eyes， searching for some sign of understanding or agreement. 他深深凝视着她的眼睛，寻找着某种理解或同意的迹象。
词块 ①come into view/sight 进入视野 ②lock one’s eyes on 盯着 ③fix/focus one’s eyes on 注视 ④gape at 目瞪口呆地看 ⑤eyes widen 瞪大眼睛 ⑥peep at/through 偷看 ⑦steal a glance at 偷偷瞥一眼
情境导语 我来到詹姆斯家里，给他送圣诞礼物……
第一步　完成句子
1.当我走近那幢房子时，远处有一棵枝繁叶茂的大树映入眼帘。
When I approached the house， a big leafy tree 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.我回头瞥了一眼以确保没有人跟着我。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to make sure that no one was following me.
3.看到没有人注意到我，我放下圣诞礼物并按了门铃。（分词短语作状语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I placed the Christmas present down and pounded the doorbell.
4.我飞快地躲到大树后，偷偷从树后望着门。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and peeped at the door.
5.当詹姆斯出来看到盒子时，他惊讶地瞪大了眼睛。
When James came out and spotted the box， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
6.他的目光落在那件温暖的外套上。（简单句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
7.他跳起来，眼睛闪闪发光地跑去喊他的妈妈。（独立主格结构）
He jumped/leapt to his feet， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
第二步　连句成文
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身]　1.decided/determined　2.down　3.about
1.①To resolve　②our country has resolved to spare no effort to protect them
2.①enthusiasm　②enthusiastically/with enthusiasm
③are enthusiastic about participating in
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身]　1.Unfortunately　2.commitment
3.belongings　4.虚拟
3.①being　②with　③which I am envious of
4.①If it hadn’t been for your help　②If you should accept my application　③If you hadn’t slipped and fallen
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.①A　②C　③D　④B　⑤E
2.①E　②A　③C　④D　⑤B
3.①adj.真诚的　②n.洗涤槽，水槽　③vt.厉声质问
维度二
1.to reduce　2.qualified　3.enthusiasm 　4.committed
5.guidance　6.Unfortunately； assigned　7.to leave　8.boarding
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.Learning that you are going to drop out of school
2.Otherwise， you will lose many good opportunities in the future without a good education
3.what will happen if you leave school
4.should be committed to studying from now on
5.As your loyal friend， I will spare no effort to offer you timely guidance
第二步
Dear Tom，
　　Learning that you are going to drop out of school， I am writing to persuade you not to give up your studies.
　　I must tell you not to take risks.Otherwise， you will lose many good opportunities in the future without a good education.Besides， as you are only 15 years old， you can’t imagine what will happen if you leave school.So I strongly suggest that you should be committed to studying from now on.
　　As your loyal friend， I will spare no effort to offer you timely e on！
Yours，
Li Hua
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.came into view at some distance
2.I glanced back over my shoulder
3.Seeing no other people notice me
4.I hid quickly behind the big tree
5.his eyes widened in surprise
6.His eyes fell on the warm overcoat.
7.his eyes twinkling as he ran to call his mother
第二步
　　When I approached the house， a big leafy tree came into view at some distance.I glanced back over my shoulder to make sure that no one was following me.Seeing no other people notice me， I placed the Christmas present down and pounded the doorbell.After that， I hid quickly behind the big tree and peeped at the door.When James came out and spotted the box， his eyes widened in surprise.His eyes fell on the warm overcoat.Then， he jumped/leapt to his feet， his eyes twinkling as he ran to call his mother.
6 / 6(共119张PPT)
UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
高中总复习·英语 (人教版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. a weekly wage of ￡200 周薪200英镑
2. a bitter wind 一阵寒风
3. lose one’s youthful vigour 失去青春活力
4. put a blanket over the sleeping child 给熟睡的孩子盖上毯子
5. complain about his personal miserable life 抱怨他个人的悲惨生活
6. a happy， good-tempered child 一个快乐而且脾气好的孩子
7. develop a genuine sense of community 形成一种真正的社区意识
8. give a thorough cleaning to the room 把房间彻底打扫一遍
9. get rid of all the old furniture扔掉所有的旧家具
10. both cold and damp 又冷又湿
11. combine work with recreation 把工作和娱乐结合起来
12. start the motor 启动发动机
13. a large number of candidates for the job 大量申请这份工作的人
14. rough adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的；风浪很大的；崎岖的；艰难
的；粗鲁的
①according to a rough estimate 据粗略估计
②be too rough to sail 风浪太大，无法行船
③in such a rough time 在如此艰难的时刻
语境记忆
15. sink vi.沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没
When I heard the news of my grandpa’s passing away， my heart
sank， with tears rolling down my cheeks.当我听到爷爷去世的消息
时，我的心一沉，泪水顺着我的脸颊滚落下来。
16. abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃
Lacking self-discipline， they may abandon themselves to/be
abandoned to playing online games.　（2022·全国乙卷）
他们缺乏自律，可能会沉迷于玩网络游戏。
17. envy n.& vt. 羡慕；妒忌
They have always envied your good luck.They only say such unkind
things about you out of envy.
他们一直羡慕你的好运。他们纯粹出于妒忌才说你这些坏话。　（情
感描写）
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. adversity n.困境；逆境
2. expedition n.探险；远征；探险队
3. endurance n.忍耐力；耐久力
4. cupboard n.橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
5. steward n.（轮船、飞机或火车上的）乘务员；服务员
6. crush vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎 n.拥挤的人群
7. stove n.炉具；厨房灶具
8. voyage n.& vi.航海；航行
9. navy n.海军；海军部队
10. cosy adj.温馨的；舒适的
11. crew n.（轮船、飞机等上面的）全体工作人员；专业团队；
一群人
12. bark vi. & n.（狗）吠叫；吠叫声
13. bat n.球拍；蝙蝠
vi.& vt.用球板击球；挥打；拍打
14. rugby n.橄榄球运动
15. nephew n.侄子；外甥
16. navigator n.领航员；（飞机、船舶等上的）航行者
17. episode n.（人生的）一段经历；（小说的）片段；插曲
阅读词汇明义
教材例句
18. （外研选择性必修第三册）He had a decent quality of life， but he
wanted to live in a simpler way.　adj.相当不错的；得体的
19. （外研选择性必修第二册）Well， as you can see， corporate
knowledge combined with creativity has brought my humble bookstore
into the 21st century！　adj.公司的；法人的；社团的
20. （译林选择性必修第三册）These scientific and technological
advances can provide benefits to societies on the Earth in many areas
including health， energy and information technology.This should be a
strong motive for continuing to explore space.　n.动机；原因；目的
派生词汇识记
1. qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识（或技能、学历等）
→qualify v.（使）具有资格；（使）合格→qualification n.资格；资
历；资格证书
2. enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv.热情地
→enthusiasm n.热情；热忱
3. aboard adv.& prep.上（船、飞机、公共汽车等）→board v.上船
（或火车、飞机、公共汽车等）；寄宿 n.木板；董事会；伙食
4. assign vt.分派；布置；分配→assignment n.任务；作业；分配
5. envy n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌→envious adj.嫉妒的；羡慕的
6. belongings n.[pl.] 财物；动产→belong vi.属于；应在（某处）
7. selfish adj.自私的→selfishly adv.自私地→selfishness n.自私
8. perseverance n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→persevere vi.坚持；
孜孜以求
9. resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决（问题或困难） n.决心；坚定的
信念→resolution n.决议；解决；坚定；决心
10. cruel adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地
→cruelty n.残忍；残酷
第一组
1. turn sb down 拒绝（某人）
2. make fire 生火
3. give off 放出（热、光、气味或气体）
4. dream of/about 梦想
5. keep one’s spirits up 保持某人高昂的情绪
6. be enthusiastic about 对……充满热情
7. throw away 扔掉
8. cheer sb up 使某人振作起来
9. go from bad to worse 每况愈下
10. be bored with 对……厌倦
11. pay sb back 回报某人
第二组
1. apply to join the expedition 申请加入探险之旅
2. be full of vigour 朝气蓬勃
3. set off 出发
4. personal belongings 个人物品
5. make it 获得成功
6. feel low 感到沮丧
7. team spirit 团队精神
8. keep us optimistic 使我们保持乐观
9. fill me with hope 使我充满希望
10. join the navy 参加海军
1. 句式：it happened that ...
原句：Well， it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and
read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
好吧，一天早晨，我碰巧买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的招
募广告。
2. 句式：感叹句
原句：How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about
the amazing places I have been to！
等我回来时，当我告诉每个人我去过的那些神奇地方，大家该多么羡
慕我啊！
3. 句式：as ...as ...意为“和……一样”，表示同级比较
原句：How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas
Orde-Lees！
我怎么可以变得像托马斯·奥德里斯那样自私和脾气暴躁呢！
4. 读后续写之情绪描写
原句：When we were finally rescued，we felt such relief and joy that
many of us could not hide our tears.
最终获救时，我们如释重负、喜不自胜，我们许多人都无法掩饰
泪水。
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.adversity n.困境；逆境
□2.expedition n.探险；远征；探险队
□3.endurance n.忍耐力；耐久力
□4.cupboard n.橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
□5.steward n.（轮船、飞机或火车上的）乘务员；服务员
□6.crush vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎
n.拥挤的人群
□7.stove n.炉具；厨房灶具
□8.voyage n.& vi.航海；航行
□9.decent adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的
□10.cosy adj.温馨的；舒适的
□11.crew n.（轮船、飞机等上面的）全体工作人员；专业团队；
一群人
□12.bark vi.& n.（狗）吠叫；吠叫声
□13.rugby n.橄榄球运动
□14.bat n.球拍；蝙蝠
vi.& vt.用球板击球；挥打；拍打
□15.nephew n.侄子；外甥
□16.corporate adj.公司的；法人的；社团的
核心单词练通
1. n.工资
2. adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
3. n.精力；力量；活力
4. n.毯子
5. adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
6. n.海军；海军部队
7. adj.脾气好的/坏的
8. adj.潮湿的；湿气重的
wage　
bitter　
vigour　
blanket　
miserable　
navy　
good/bad-tempered
damp　
9. n.娱乐；消遣；游戏
10. adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
11. n.发动机；马达 adj.有引擎的；机动车的
12. n.候选人；应试者
13. n.动机；原因；目的
14. While we were in their home， we helped do a （彻底
的） cleaning， sweeping the floor and tidying the house.
15. （遗弃） by his owner， the little dog was leading a
miserable life.
recreation　
rough　
motor　
candidate
motive　
thorough　
Abandoned　
16. Learning that I failed in the exam， my heart （下
沉）.
17. As far as I’m concerned， the new roommate is
honest， （真诚的）， enthusiastic and full of vigour.
sank/sunk　
genuine　
拓展单词用活
1. vt.分派；布置；分配→ n.任务；作
业；分配
2. n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌→ adj.嫉妒的；羡慕的
3. n.[pl.] 财物；动产→ vi.属于；应在
（某处）
4. adj.自私的→ adv.自私地→
n.自私
assign　
assignment
envy　
envious
belongings　
belong　
selfish　
selfishly　
selfishness　
5. n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→ vi.
坚持；孜孜以求
6. vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决（问题或困难） n.决心；坚
定的信念→ n.决议
7. n.广告活动；广告业→ vt.& vi.公布；
宣传→ n.广告
8. adj.忠诚的；忠实的→ n.忠诚；忠实
9. He has educational and hence he is
well for the job as a tutor.（qualify）
perseverance　
persevere
resolve　
resolution　
advertising　
advertise　
advertisement　
loyal　
loyalty　
qualifications　
qualified　
10. Today I am as about my job as the first day and
my enables me to treat my job .
（enthusiastic）
11. Passengers were standing on the dock， waiting to
（aboard）.
12. ， he received a large from his uncle who
is warm-hearted and generous.（fortunate）
13. He himself to working day and
night.His won him a great reputation.（commit）
14. Under the of the qualified ， we traveled
around the places of interest very happily.（guide）
enthusiastic　
enthusiasm　
enthusiastically　
board　
Fortunately　
fortune　
committed　
commitment　
guidance　
guide　
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
先
写
对 1. 　　 　　拒绝（某人）
2. 　　生火
3. 　　放出（热、光、气味或气体）
4. 　　梦想
5. 　　保持某人高昂的情绪
6. 　　对……充满热情
7. 　　　陷于
turn sb down　
make fire　
give off　
dream of/about　
keep one’s spirits up　
be enthusiastic about　
become/be stuck in　
先
写
对 8. 　　扔掉
9. 　　使某人振作起来
10. 　　每况愈下
11. 　　对……厌倦
12. 　　回报某人
throw away　
cheer sb up　
go from bad to worse　
be bored with　
pay sb back　
再
用
准 根据语境选用上面短语填空
1.She tried to the disappointed child when he failed to
win the prize.
2.William wanted to join the basketball team， but the
coach him for his being short.
3.Nancy and her sister picked some branches， and
prepared dinner in the open air.
4.The man decided to quit drinking when he realised his health
was .
5.Their car the mud， and they had no choice but
to wait for help.
6.To the manager’s astonishment， all the staff
the project.
cheer up　
turned
down　
made fire　
going from bad to worse　
was stuck in　
were
enthusiastic about　
（三）破解构词密码——知规律·巧记忆
否定前缀
密
码
解
读 词缀 例词
un- ①happy→unhappy 不快乐的　　　　　　　
②finished→ unfinished 未完成的
in-
/im-
/il-
/ir- ①convenient→ inconvenient 不方便的　　
②possible→impossible 不可能的
③legal→ illegal 不合法的
④responsible →irresponsible 不负责任的
密
码
解
读 词缀 例词
dis- ①honest→ dishonest 不诚实的
②agree→ disagree 不同意
③appear→disappear 消失
④like→dislike 不喜欢
⑤approve→disapprove 不赞成
密
码
解
读 词缀 例词
mis- ①fortune → misfortune 不幸
②understand→misunderstand 误解
③lead→mislead 误导　
④read→misread 误读
non- ①smoker→non-smoker 不吸烟的人
②stop→non-stop 直达的
ab- normal→abnormal 反常的
即
时
演
练 词形转换/词义猜测（根据语境写出加蓝词的含义）
1.It’s completely normal that many people have had a cold in
such （normal） weather.
2.Among the many unsolved mysteries about dinosaurs， what
really interests me is their （appear）.
3.Before the mid-20th century， most people felt travelling into
space was an （possible） dream.
4.Traditional energy resources are non-renewable， which means
that the world will eventually run out of them.　

5.The lack of a good education might disqualify you from some
jobs.　
abnormal　
disappearance　
impossible　
adj.不可再生的　
vt.取消……的资格　
（四）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：感叹句 教材原句：How everyone will envy
me when I come back and tell them
about the amazing places I have been
to！ 1.当北极熊张开嘴向我们冲来
的时候，我们是多么害怕啊！

when the polar bear opened its
mouth and charged towards us！
How frightened we were　
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：as long as引导
条件状语从句 教材原句：It will eventually
lead to success as long as you
persevere. 2.只要我们人类肩并肩地行动起来，
“一起向未来”的口号就一定能够实
现。

shoulder to shoulder， the motto
“Together for a shared future” will
surely come true.
As long as we humans take action　
句型公式 句式仿写
3.句型公式：if引导虚拟条
件句 教材原句：If it weren’t for
sea animals， we would all
starve. 3.如果我是你，我肯定会充分利用时间
来提高我的学业成绩。
， I would certainly
make full use of the time to improve my
academic performance.
If I were you　
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
　　Born in a wealthy family， Jack has been dreaming of an adventure since he was young.At 18， Jack resolved to join an expedition
advertised in the newspaper， but the leader turned him 　　　　 because he thought Jack was not qualified.Full of vigour， Jack never abandoned his dream for he was so enthusiastic 　　　　 a great voyage.
微技能热身
1.①处单词与 同义。
2.②处应填 。
3.③处应填 。
decided/deter
mined　
down　
about　
resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决（问题或困难） n.决心；坚定的
信念
【练通】 单句语法填空
① （resolve） conflicts， we should learn to communicate
more and put ourselves in others’ place.
To resolve　
【写美】 微写作
②文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家已经决定不遗余力地
保护它们。
Cultural relics represent the wisdom of our ancestors， so
.
our country
has resolved to spare no effort to protect them　
【归纳】
（1）　 决定做……
（2）resolution n.　　　　决议；解决；坚定；决心
make a resolution to do ...　　下定决心做……
【佳句】 The old man resolved/made a resolution that he would give
away all his belongings to the abandoned children after his death.老人决
定，死后要把所有的财产都赠送给那些被遗弃的孩子们。
enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Inspired by the （enthusiastic）
and encouragement， David quickened his pace in high spirits.
enthusiasm　
【写美】 微写作
②尽管失败了几次，伯纳德和杰克仍然热情地做爆米花。
Bernard and Jack still made popcorn
in spite of several failures.
③他们热衷于参加慈善活动。
They the charity activities.
enthusiastically/with enthusiasm　
are enthusiastic about participating in　
【归纳】
（1）be enthusiastic about （doing） sth对（做）某事充满热情
（2）enthusiasm n.　　热情；热忱
lack/be full of enthusiasm　　缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm　　热情地
（3）enthusiastically adv.　　热情地；热心地
【佳句】 I am not only full of enthusiasm but also easy to get along
with， which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the
newspaper.
我不仅充满热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿
者工作。
　　On a bitter cold day， Tom went aboard a massive ship bound for the Atlantic Ocean.We looked at him with envy. 　　　 （fortunate） ， the motor broke down and the ship got crushed on a huge iceberg.When the ship sank， his heart also sank.At that time， the calm captain made a 　　　　 （commit） to save them and
commanded them to throw away their 　　　　 （belong） .Finally， they were fortunate enough to escape the ship.If it had not been for their
endurance， resolution and perseverance， they would not have survived.
微技能热身
1.①处应填 　。
2.②处应填 。
3.③处应填 。
4.句④中if 引导 条件句。
Unfortunately
commitment　
belongings　
虚拟　
envy n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I envied him （be） enthusiastic and full of energy and it
seemed that he never felt exhausted.
②All the girls at the dance watched her envy when she danced
with the prince.
being　
with　
【写美】 微写作
③李明不仅学得快，而且善于用逻辑思维解决难题，这让我十分
羡慕。
Not only is Li Ming quick at learning but he is also good at solving tough
problems with a logical mind， .
which I am envious of　
【归纳】
（1）envy sb sth　　　　羡慕某人有某物
envy sb doing sth　　羡慕某人做某事
（2）with envy　　羡慕地；妒忌地
out of envy　　出于妒忌
green with envy　　（妒忌地）眼红
（3）envious adj.　　羡慕的；妒忌的
envious of sb/sth　　羡慕/妒忌某人/某物
【佳句】 Honestly speaking， I do envy you getting the title of the
Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.老实说，我真羡慕
你获得了“优秀毕业生”的称号，我应该向你学习。
句型公式：if引导虚拟条件句
【教材原句】 If it weren’t for sea animals， we would all starve.要不
是有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。
【写美】 微写作
①要不是你的帮助，我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。
， I wouldn’t have won the first
prize in the English Writing Competition.
②如果你接受我的申请，我将不遗余力地做到让你满意。
， I would spare no effort to
commit myself to your satisfaction.
If it hadn’t been for your help　
If you should accept my application　
③如果你没有滑倒的话，你就不会把腿摔断。
， you wouldn’t have broken your
leg.
If you hadn’t slipped and fallen　
【归纳】
　　if引导的虚拟条件句用法如下：
虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实 相反的假设 动词的过去式（be动词一
般用were） would/could/should/might
＋动词原形
与过去事实 相反的假设 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/might
＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实 相反的假设 （1）动词的过去式； （2）were to＋动词原形； （3）should＋动词原形 would/could/should/might
＋动词原形
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. rough
A. 汹涌的；风浪很大的　B. 崎岖的　C. 粗略的
D. 艰难的　　E. 粗鲁的
①I can’t tolerate sailing in rough seas.　
②（2023·全国甲卷）The western half of the U. S. was full of grizzlies
when Europeans came， with a rough number of 50，000 or more living
alongside Native Americans.　

A　
C　

③I don’t know how to release the pressure in such a rough
time.　
④The ice on the rough road has melted and it is safe to drive on it
now.　
⑤He is such a rough child that he doesn’t behave himself.　
D　
B　
E　
A. 汹涌的；风浪很大的　B. 崎岖的
C. 粗略的 D. 艰难的　　E. 粗鲁的
2. bitter
A. 痛苦的　　B. 激烈的　　C. 寒冷的；刺骨的
D. 味苦的　　E. 愤愤不平的
①She is very bitter about losing her job.　
②I’ve learnt from the bitter experience not to trust what he
says.　
③Outside，a bitter east wind is accompanied by flurries of
snow.　
E　
A　
C　
④Traditional Chinese medicine usually tastes bitter and is hard to
swallow.　
⑤With no one to resolve their dispute，the two sides are locked into a
bitter conflict.　
D　　
B　
A. 痛苦的　　B. 激烈的　　C. 寒冷的；刺骨的
D. 味苦的　　E. 愤愤不平的
3. 词义猜测
①She was sincere and genuine in her wish to make up for her former
mistakes.　
②Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of
bread.　
③Boiling with extreme anger， he barked a series of questions at his
crew.　
adj.真诚的　
n.洗涤槽，水槽　
vt.厉声质问　
维度二 写作词汇夯实　——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
单句语法填空
1. We have resolved （reduce） our carbon footprint by
restricting the amount of carbon dioxide we produce.
2. Dozens of （qualify） students took part in the campaign
and practised frequently with the help of some experienced writers and
teachers.
to reduce　
qualified　
3. The Tiangong Class not only broadens our horizons but also sparks
our （enthusiastic） for science.
4. Wang Lei is a friendly and outgoing boy， who is
（commit） to his work as a member of the Students’ Union.
5. Whenever I felt discouraged， you were always there to offer
timely （guide） and encouragement.
6. （fortunate）， dozens of students didn’t seize
the opportunity to finish these （assign） readings ahead of
time.
enthusiasm　
committed　
guidance　
Unfortunately　
assigned　
7. （2023·全国乙卷）We managed （leave） this spot to
climb higher because of the spare time until sunset.
8. According to the airline rules， we recommend you （should） switch
off your mobile phone before （board） the plane.
to leave　
boarding　
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
　　假定你是李华，你的英国好友Tom打算辍学。请你给他回复一封
邮件，建议他放弃此想法。
建议信——不要辍学
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 得知你打算辍学，我写信来说服你不要放弃你的学业。
， I am writing to
persuade you not to give up your studies.
2. 我必须告诉你不要冒险。否则，没有好的教育，将来你会失去许多
好机会。
I must tell you not to take risks.
.
Learning that you are going to drop out of school　
Otherwise， you will lose many good
opportunities in the future without a good education　
3. 因为你才15岁，你无法想象如果你离开学校会怎样。
As you are only 15 years old， you can’t imagine
.
4. 我强烈建议你从现在开始专注于学习。
I strongly suggest that you
.
5. 作为你忠实的朋友，我将不遗余力地提供给你及时的指导。加油！

.Come on！
what will happen if
you leave school　
should be committed to studying from now
on　
As your loyal friend， I will spare no effort to offer you timely
guidance
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear Tom，
　　

　　




　　 　Learning that you are going to drop out of school， I am writing to
persuade you not to give up your studies.　
　　 　I must tell you not to take risks.Otherwise， you will lose many
good opportunities in the future without a good education.Besides， as
you are only 15 years old， you can’t imagine what will happen if you
leave school.So I strongly suggest that you should be committed to
studying from now on.　
　　

　Yours，
　Li Hua
　　 　As your loyal friend， I will spare no effort to offer you timely
e on！　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮
词 情感描写：bitter adj.→bitterly adv.， enthusiastic
adj.→enthusiastically adv.， envy n.& v.→envious adj.，
miserable， decent， cosy， selfish， good/bad-tempered， genuine， resolve v.→resolution n.， cruel adj.→cruelty n.， loyal adj.→ loyalty n.， commitment n.→committed adj.
动作描写：turn sb down， assign， sink， abandon， voyage，
persevere， bark， bat， make fire， give off
美
句 ①At the age of 19， I am fit and full of vigour.　（人物描写）
②And when the ship sank，our hearts sank with it.　（情感描写）
③Their genuine concern for others， their perseverance， and their
resolve fill me with hope.　（排比）
④We felt so alone and desperate.　（情感描写）
⑤If it weren’t for sea animals， we would all starve.（虚拟语气）
⑥When we were finally rescued， we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.　（情感描写）
⑦Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in
staying alive.　（主旨升华）
动作描写之“看”（一）
词汇
单词 notice注意到　observe注意到；观察到
spot注意到　　scan细看；察看，端详；浏览
词块 ①come into view/sight 进入视野
②lock one’s eyes on 盯着
③fix/focus one’s eyes on 注视
④gape at 目瞪口呆地看
⑤eyes widen 瞪大眼睛
⑥peep at/through 偷看
⑦steal a glance at 偷偷瞥一眼
美句
①Timmy’s eyes were fixed unblinkingly on Max as he swam around
in the water.
蒂米一边在水里游来游去，一边目不转睛地盯着马克斯。
②She stole a glance at Tom’s phone screen.
她偷偷瞥了一眼汤姆的手机屏幕。
③I scanned the faces of the crowd； dozens of familiar faces from
school came into my view.我端详着人群中一张张脸，学校里的几十
张熟悉的面孔出现在我的视野中。
④He looked deep into her eyes， searching for some sign of
understanding or agreement.
他深深凝视着她的眼睛，寻找着某种理解或同意的迹象。
情境导语 我来到詹姆斯家里，给他送圣诞礼物……　
第一步　完成句子
1. 当我走近那幢房子时，远处有一棵枝繁叶茂的大树映入眼帘。
When I approached the house， a big leafy tree
.
2. 我回头瞥了一眼以确保没有人跟着我。
to make sure that no one was
following me.
came into view at some
distance　
I glanced back over my shoulder　
3. 看到没有人注意到我，我放下圣诞礼物并按了门铃。　（分词短语
作状语）
， I placed the Christmas present
down and pounded the doorbell.
4. 我飞快地躲到大树后，偷偷从树后望着门。
and peeped at the door.
5. 当詹姆斯出来看到盒子时，他惊讶地瞪大了眼睛。
When James came out and spotted the box，
.
Seeing no other people notice me　
I hid quickly behind the big tree
his eyes widened in
surprise　
6. 他的目光落在那件温暖的外套上。
　（简单句）
7. 他跳起来，眼睛闪闪发光地跑去喊他的妈妈。　（独立主格结构）
He jumped/leapt to his feet，
.
His eyes fell on the warm overcoat.　
his eyes twinkling as he ran to call his
mother　
　　







　　 　When I approached the house， a big leafy tree came into view at
some distance.I glanced back over my shoulder to make sure that no one
was following me.Seeing no other people notice me， I placed the
Christmas present down and pounded the doorbell.After that， I hid
quickly behind the big tree and peeped at the door.When James came out
and spotted the box， his eyes widened in surprise.His eyes fell on the
warm overcoat.Then， he jumped/leapt to his feet， his eyes twinkling as
he ran to call his mother.　
第二步　连句成文
4
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·武汉模拟）When he flagged me down， I thought he was an
elder collecting a “customs fee”， the few dollars it costs to use village
roads that lead to many of Samoa’s sights.He’d been sitting lazily in a
greying roadside shack （棚子） built for such occasions.Normally I
wouldn’t pick up a free rider.But I tried to live out a dream.
　　I’d wanted to go to Pulemelei Mound since I’d heard it mentioned
in an archaeology class years ago.The “mound” is actually a pyramid
40 feet high and roughly 200 feet across at its base.So， I asked，“Do
you know how to get to Pulemelei Mound？”
　　“Mmm，” he said， raising his eyebrows in the classic Polynesian
gesture for “yes”.“I need to pick up my car at the mechanic but no
hurry， I’ll take you there first if you want.”
　　You’d think that a giant pyramid would be a major sight， or at least
something many people had heard of， but it isn’t.My accidental
friend’s raise of the eyebrows was the most promising prospect I’d had
in a week.
　　We drove along the road in silence for a few minutes.Then my new
friend broke the silence and， meanwhile， my hopes.“I’ve never been
to Pulemelei，” he said.“I’ve lived here but I never thought of
going.” My heart sank.But we pressed on， crossing a stream， walking
through waist-high grass， and then another mile of hot walk until we
found a sign.There， barely visible， were the words： “Pulemelei
Mound 150 m.”The sign marked a dark tunnel of jungle.Then the path
opened to rays of sunshine.We climbed.And then， magic.We were
standing on top of a Polynesian pyramid.
　　Just then， my friend， obviously awed by what he saw， turned
toward me， and placed his big Samoan hands on my shoulders.In the
most natural way， he bent down and kissed me gently on the cheek.
　　“Thank you，” he said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和一位搭顺风
车的老人一起前往普莱梅利丘的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和一位搭顺风
车的老人一起前往普莱梅利丘的故事。
1. What’s the purpose of the Samoan man flagging me down？（　　）
A. To thumb a ride.
B. To ask for directions.
C. To collect a customs fee.
D. To warn of a road accident.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，萨摩亚人拦“我”的目的
是搭顺风车。
√
2. Which of the following words can best describe the author？（　　）
A. Informed but rigid.
B. Hesitant but agreeable.
C. Skeptical and reserved.
D. Curious and adventurous.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者在考古学课上知道了
普莱梅利丘这个地方，于是决定前往该地；再结合倒数第三段可知，
作者是个好奇和爱冒险的人。
√
3. Why did the Samoan man thank the author in the end？（　　）
A. He had lived out his dream.
B. He was taken to the mechanic.
C. He enjoyed the author’s company.
D. He experienced the thrill of discovery.
解析：　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可推知，萨摩亚人最后感谢
作者是因为他经历了发现的快乐。
√
4. What is the passage mainly about？（　　）
A. A Polynesian village.
B. A famous Samoan sight.
C. A chance encounter.
D. An elder protecting local roads.
解析：　主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者和一位
搭顺风车的老人一起前往普莱梅利丘的故事。由此可知，本文主要讲
述了一次偶然的相遇。
√
B
　　（2025·河南名校学术联盟模拟）Once you cross the over 50
mark， it’s not a time to worry about getting older or put as much
emphasis on career or how much you earn.
　　It’s a golden moment in which we can pause to reflect and take
stock of the most important things in life： family， friends， a more
relaxed lifestyle and social connectivity.Many say it’s the best time of
our lives.Our children probably have their own homes and families， in
which you are undoubtedly an important part.You may feel a little lost
with all this undiscovered freedom.But the truth is， it’s almost like
going back to those teen years， with limitless potential for fun and
enjoyment！ With the world at your fingertips once again， it’s an
opportunity to live your life the way you want.
Find out what you love doing and take pride in new hobbies， new
passions and try new things you may not have previously had the chance to
do.They all say life begins at 50， I couldn’t agree more.As an example，
after I hit this milestone， I achieved some great things， including
pioneering an innovative living， care and lifestyle solution with my latest
venture （冒险事业） — Odyssey Lifestyle Care Communities.
　　Odyssey celebrates life’s journey and aims to provide affordable
high-end permanent living arrangements， within a community setting that
delivers increasing levels of care.Built around a resort style
environment， the Odyssey model has set an excellent example in the
industry by demonstrating the power of putting people first.
　　As a passionate advocate for consumer-directed care models of
service， I think the Government’s recommendation of Australia
adopting a rights-based system in their final report of the Royal
Commission into Aged Care， is certainly a step in the right direction.
　　Odyssey’s model is driven by a people-centred approach that places
residents at the forefront of all our decisions， which is why we decided to
incorporate and invest in technologies that ensure health and safety.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了一家养老机构
Odyssey Lifestyle Care Communities。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了一家养老机构
Odyssey Lifestyle Care Communities。
5. What does the underlined phrase “take stock of” in Paragraph 2
mean？（　　）
A. Think of. B. Look for.
C. Envy. D. Praise.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据上文It’s a golden moment in which we
can pause to reflect可知， 　take stock of　 the most important things in
life： family， friends， a more relaxed lifestyle and social connectivity
表示思考生活中最重要的事情：家庭、朋友、更轻松的生活方式和社
会关系。由此推知，画线短语意为“思考”。
√
6. Why do many people say over 50 is the best time of life？（　　）
A. They are more familiar with their surroundings.
B. They have less burden but more free time.
C. They have stronger desire to do new things.
D. They are paid much attention to.
√
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Our children probably have
their own homes and families ... it’s an opportunity to live your life the
way you want.可知，50岁后，人们几乎没有家庭负担，并且有了自己
的空闲时间去做自己喜欢的事情。因此，许多人说50岁是一生中最好
的时光。
7. What do we know about Odyssey Lifestyle Care Communities？（　）
A. It is a research centre for the study of the old.
B. It provides part-time jobs for a community.
C. It is a department to adopt rights-based systems.
D. It offers good service at reasonable prices for the old.
√
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Odyssey celebrates life’s
journey and aims to provide affordable high-end permanent living
arrangements， within a community setting that delivers increasing levels
of care.可知，Odyssey为老年人提供高质量的服务，并且价格合理。
8. Who is probably the author？（　　）
A. A person less than 50.
B. A person in the government.
C. A staff member of Odyssey.
D. A news reporter of a magazine.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，作者是Odyssey的员工。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2025·武汉调研考试）When I was in third grade， my family and
I took on an unforgettable trip across the country.It turned out to be more
than just a 　9　 journey；it was a journey of discovery into our 　10　.
　　Every day， Dad 　11　 us with his trusty road map.Mom， the
heart of our family， shared folk tales and painted pictures about the
upcoming 　12　.We went through diverse 　13　 from the thick forests
to the vast deserts of the West.
　　One day， while hiking through the Grand Canyon， I 　14　 a
particularly rough path.Frightened， I 　15　， not knowing how to
proceed.That’s when my parents 　16　.
　　As Dad showed me footholds， Mom coached me with
calming 　17　 and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay
ahead.Then， I 　18　 the confidence as my feet 　19　 solid ground
again.When I finally overcame my fear， I felt we became 　20　 as a
family.
　　From then on， every evening， we’d gather around a campfire for
what we 　21　 called “Family Reflection Time”.During these
sessions， we’d share laughter， 　22　， and insights from the day’s
experiences.
　　The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t merely about
reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the
route， and the family bonds formed when we face 　23　 together.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在一次家庭旅行中，出现突发情
况。在父母共同帮助下，作者克服恐惧，重拾自信，发现与家人之
间的关系更亲近了。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在一次家庭旅行中，出现突发情
况。在父母共同帮助下，作者克服恐惧，重拾自信，发现与家人之
间的关系更亲近了。
9. A. crowded B. physical
C. creative D. necessary
解析：　根据上文中的my family and I took on an unforgettable trip
across the country可知，这既然是一次难忘的旅行，就不能仅仅是身体
层面的。
√
10. A. relationships B. potentials
C. dreams D. inspirations
√
解析：　根据全文内容可知，这不仅是一次身体上的旅行，更是
发现我们家庭关系的探索之旅。通过旅途中的事件，让全家人关
系更近了。
11. A. guided B. encouraged
C. comforted D. attracted
解析：　根据本句中的his trusty road map可知，父亲用地图的目的
是指引方向。
√
12. A. events B. stations
C. locations D. shows
解析：　根据本句中的shared folk tales and painted pictures about the
upcoming可知，母亲不仅分享各种民间故事，还画了关于即将到达的
地点的图片。
√
13. A. cultures B. landscapes
C. groups D. countries
解析：　根据本句中的from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the
West可知，作者全家经历了从茂密的森林到西部广阔的沙漠的各种风
景，这些都属于沿途经历的风景。
√
14. A. imagined B. constructed
C. smoothed D. encountered
解析：　根据上文中的while hiking through the Grand Canyon可知，
作者徒步大峡谷时，遇到了一条特别崎岖的道路。
√
15. A. froze B. flew C. fell D. forgot
解析：　根据本句中的not knowing how to proceed可知，作者僵在那
里，不知道如何继续前行。
√
16. A. reached down B. stood aside
C. stepped in D. turned back
解析：　根据下文中的Dad showed me footholds， Mom coached me
可知，父母这个时候介入了，都在想方设法帮助作者。
√
17. A. words B. worries
C. noises D. thoughts
解析：　根据语境可知，母亲用平静的话语指导作者，让作者忘记
恐惧。
√
18. A. lost B. maintained
C. demonstrated D. restored
解析：　根据上文可知，母亲平静的话语安抚了作者，因此作者恢
复了信心。
√
19. A. left B. broke C. found D. dug
解析：　根据本句中的again可知，之前作者不知道如何前进，经过
父母帮助，作者冷静下来，找到坚实的地面。
√
20. A. nicer B. tougher
C. braver D. closer
解析：　根据句中的When I finally overcame my fear可知，作者在父
母帮助下，战胜了恐惧。经过本次事件，一家人关系更亲密了。
√
21. A. occasionally B. affectionately
C. temporarily D. curiously
解析：B　根据语境可知，历经此事，全家每晚都会聚集在篝火旁，
亲切地称之为“家庭反思时间”。
√
22. A. sympathies B. conflicts
C. tears D. profits
解析：　根据上文描述的大家聚在篝火旁反思可知，全家分享欢笑
和眼泪，还有一天的经历。
√
23. A. challenges B. defeats
C. oppositions D. uncertainties
解析：　根据上文可知，作者经历了这次挑战，感觉与家人的关系
更近了。因此得出结论：家庭纽带是在共同面对挑战时形成的。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　You might have heard of 24. 　　　　　　 expression “a guilty
pleasure” — maybe it’s the chocolate bar you buy on the way home
from work， or the new clothes that you don’t really need. It comes
from the idea 25. 　　　　　　 when we reward ourselves with
something we like， it can sometimes leave us 26. 　　　　　　
（feel） guilty. Perhaps we don’t feel we deserved it， or we don’t
think it was a responsible way to spend our money. But should we feel
like this？ Do we really have to feel guilty about treating
27. 　　　　　　 （we）？
　　Perhaps not. Psychologists have suggested that buying things for
yourself can make you feel better as it 28. 　　　　　　 （provide） an
opportunity to take control of your situation. It can give you social contact
as well as a confidence boost from changes you make to your self-image.
It’s important 29. 　　　　　　 （recognize） and embrace these guilty
pleasures as a way to relax， unwind， and enjoy moments of leisure
without 30. 　　　　　　 （judge） or criticism.
　　Of course， there are also examples of people turning to dangerous
behaviour when 31. 　　　　　　 （face） with stressful circumstances.
People might spend money that they don’t have or turn to unhealthy
32. 　　　　　　 （habit）. Psychologist Leon Seltzer considers the
difference between self-indulgence and self-nurturing. Self-indulgence can
be reckless and have negative consequences， 33. 　　　　　　 self-
nurturing is taking responsible decisions to satisfy our needs and take care
of ourselves in ways that don’t have a significant impact.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在生活中当我们偶尔奢侈享乐时，
往往会伴随一种自责情绪。作者认为，我们偶尔犒劳自己时，没必
要自责。
24. the　考查冠词。这里特指后面提到的短语a guilty pleasure，因此
应用定冠词the。
25. that　考查同位语从句。本空后面在解释说明前面提到的idea的具
体内容，因此由连词that引导一个同位语从句。
26. feeling　考查非谓语动词。leave sb doing sth是固定用法，表示
“让某人做某事或处于某种状态”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在生活中当我们偶尔奢侈享乐时，
往往会伴随一种自责情绪。作者认为，我们偶尔犒劳自己时，没必
要自责。
27. ourselves　考查代词。本句主语为we，这里表示我们犒劳我们自
己，因此用反身代词ourselves。
28. provides　考查时态。根据语境可知，这里在陈述一个现存的客观
事实，因此应用一般现在时。
29. to recognize　考查非谓语动词。本句由代词It作形式主语，这里应
用动词不定式作真正主语。
30. judg（e）ment　考查词形转换。本空前面是介词without，因此这
里应用名词作其宾语。
31. faced　考查非谓语动词。be faced with是固定短语，表示“面
临”。这里when faced with相当于when we are faced with。
32. habits　考查名词复数。根据语境可知，这里应用可数名词habit的
复数形式。
33. while/but　考查连词。由于两个分句之间存在转折关系，因此这
里应用表达转折意义的连词while/but。
演示完毕 感谢观看 !

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