资源简介

UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·郑州质量预测）Robots doing housework is nothing new with the latest achievements in robotics.Recently， a robot called Mobile ALOHA caught the attention of many at the beginning of 2024， with short videos of it cooking at someone’s home becoming popular in January.
　　Developed by a team of researchers at Stanford University in the US， the robot can handle everything for a dish， whether it is cutting vegetables or cracking eggs.It also does well in various household tasks like watering plants， petting cats， cleaning the floor and doing the washing.It even knows to shake the pillow （枕头） after putting on a pillowcase.An Internet user joked under one video that as long as this thing doesn’t try to kill him while he is asleep， he is in real need of it.
　　However， a following video posted by one of the researchers， Tony Zhao， and showing Mobile ALOHA’s failures proved that the idea of having a robot servant may just be wishful thinking.In the video， Mobile ALOHA randomly broke glasses and plates， crashed into cupboards and even burned a pot.
　　It turns out that Mobile ALOHA is not a complete self-learning system that can independently deal with new environments.It relies on demonstrations by human operators in its surroundings， meaning that the robot needs to learn from human behavior before completing each task.Also， according to the team， the robot achieves a 95% success rate in removing red wine stains （污渍）， 80% in pushing chairs， and a mere 40% in frying shrimp.In short， it’s far from perfect.
　　The behavioral problems of AI robots have been bothering scientists for decades.Although AI robots do pretty well in things requiring high-level reasoning like math， they perform worse than a one-year-old child when it comes to simple tasks demanding abilities of senses， reflexes （本能反应） and mobility， among others.
　　As the team observed， the interaction between the arm and the base of Mobile ALOHA would get quite complex if more flexibility is required in a task.Even a slight deviation （偏差） in the base settings might lead to significant drift in the arms’ motions， resulting in failure to complete the task.
1.What can we learn about Mobile ALOHA according to Paragraph 2？（　　）
A.It sells well among housewives. B.It can help one to do housework.
C.It was developed by IT scientists. D.It is badly needed by Internet users.
2.Why is Tony Zhao’s video about Mobile ALOHA mentioned？（　　）
A.To prove its online popularity. B.To display its powerful functions.
C.To show it needs further improvement. D.To suggest it should work under one’s help.
3.How can Mobile ALOHA best complete a new task？（　　）
A.By operating independently. B.By imitating humans’ behavior.
C.By learning from previous tasks. D.By turning to programmers for help.
4.Which type of task may AI robots be poor at？（　　）
A.Deep learning. B.Precise calculation.
C.Logical thinking. D.Behavioral flexibility.
B
　　（2025·广州冲刺训练）Human history is full of horse stories like guiding cowboys home on foggy nights and taking wounded soldiers through battle zones.Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel， a computer scientist and roboticist， think of robots.“A horse that can take a rider home on its own would be the highest level of autonomy，” Jatel says.“You trust them with your life.” She was drawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could help improve human-robot interactions.
　　For a year， Jatel engaged herself in the horse world.She watched classes in horse training， and she also talked with students， instructors， trainers and horse owners.Along the way， Jatel even learned to ride.
　　Horses learn signals from their trainers on how to comfortably interact with people.People， too， must learn their part.Riders must learn what a horse wants or how it feels based on its behavior， and what signals to use to direct horses to perform in desired ways.Jatel found some similarities， here， to working with robots.People must learn how to direct robots to do specific tasks.They must also learn what to do when robots don’t perform as planned.The goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs from people.But like horses， autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change.For example， a self-driving car must stop to avoid hitting something， even if some human mistakenly tells it to keep going.
　　Trainers and riders work with horses to build respect.Horses show that respect by matching their pace to a human or giving someone who is leading them a safe degree of personal space.Trainers begin their work with a horse by getting them to show signs of respect in basic interactions， Jatel says.Later， trainers will develop more complex interactions.Gradually， a horse’s respect can grow into trust.
　　But that trust is not given.And there may be a similar limitation with robots.What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each other？For now， she adds， this is largely uncharted territory.But she’s looking to build a path.
5.What drew Elina Jatel’s attention to horses？（　　）
A.Horses’ amazing performance. B.Long history of horse training.
C.Horse-human interdependence. D.Her horse-riding experience.
6.What are the robots of the highest autonomy designed to do？（　　）
A.To act like real horses. B.To show respect for humans.
C.To follow instructions from humans. D.To make independent and sensible decisions.
7.What will Jatel’s future research most probably focus on？（　　）
A.The limitations of robots. B.Trust between robots and humans.
C.The path toward higher robot efficiency. D.Similarities between horses and robots.
8.What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A.History of Human-Horse Relationship B.Secrets of Human-Animal Interactions
C.The Role of Trust in Human-Robot Partnerships D.Horses as the Inspiration for Autonomous Robots
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2025·福建适应性练习）Ryan’s class at Tully Elementary School was planning a hike at Falls of the Ohio State Park.But since the site isn’t wheelchair 　9　， her mother， Shelly， tried to find a way to make sure she could 　10　.
　　Ryan had missed out on a similar class trip last year as a third grader.When Shelly 　11　 the upcoming class field trip， she 　12　 began to think about making a plan B.“I was preparing for an ‘alternate field trip day’，” she 　13　 on the “Team Ryan” online page， 　14　 for her 10-year-old daughter， diagnosed with spina bifida （脊柱裂） as a baby.
　　That is， until Jim， a teacher at the school， 　15　 to carry Ryan around on his back all day.This way she could 　16　 explore the fossil （化石） beds with the rest of her 　17　.He used a special backpack to carry the 55-pound girl on his back across the park — and the previously 　18　 Ryan became extremely excited.
　　The 　19　 meant so much to Ryan and her family that Shelly wanted to get the 　20　 out.Since she posted on the web photos of Jim and Ryan on the field trip， they have been 　21　 thousands of times.
　　“We are so 　22　 to have a whole school that never makes her feel left out，” said Shelly.“These beautiful people should be known to the world， to educate and 　23　 others.”
9.（　）A.involved　　　　 B.present　　　 C.preferable　 D.accessible
10.（　）A.reserve B.witness C.approach D.participate
11.（　）A.checked out B.learned about C.put off D.turned down
12.（　）A.casually B.proudly C.instantly D.accidentally
13.（　）A.wrote B.commented C.responded D.argued
14.（　）A.deleted B.created C.downloaded D.revealed
15.（　）A.offered B.agreed C.hesitated D.attempted
16.（　）A.calmly B.secretly C.extensively D.temporarily
17.（　）A.family B.followers C.class D.teachers
18.（　）A.nervous B.ashamed C.troublesome D.heartbroken
19.（　）A.plan B.decision C.mission D.act
20.（　）A.signal B.message C.anxiety D.intention
21.（　）A.shared B.submitted C.taken D.confirmed
22.（　）A.lucky B.eager C.willing D.desperate
23.（　）A.recommend B.inspire C.honor D.understand
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　With an admission letter from Tsinghua University in bag， Yang Yun， 24.　　　　　　 has been a postman for 21 years， was overjoyed to deliver it to 25.　　　　　　 recipient （接收者） in Tongliang district of Chongqing — his daughter.
　　“Congratulations to my daughter！ Here is your admission letter from Tsinghua University. Please sign for it！” Yang Yun said， 26.　　　　　　 （hand） Tongliang district’s first admission letter from Tsinghua University this year to his daughter Yang Yu on 27 July.
　　Among the countless mail that Yang Yun delivered， the delivery of this admission letter was the 27.　　　　　　 （happy） moment in his postman career.
　　28.　　　　　　 （raise） in a common family in a small town， Yang Yu overcame challenges and worked diligently to become a new undergraduate in one of the top universities in China.
　　When her family moved to a county， Yang Yu could not catch up with the new classmates initially， 29.　　　　　　 her parents encouraged her to study hard and make progress naturally. With her perseverance and support from family， Yang Yu gradually gained better 30.　　　　　　 （result） at school.
　　In her last year in senior high school， the upcoming national college entrance examination， or gaokao， 31.　　　　　　 （increase） the pressure on her studies. However， with her teachers’ encouragement and her family’s company， the pressure didn’t defeat her. Yang Yu worked so hard that she improved 32.　　　　　　 （her） bit by bit and finally achieved her dream.
Yang Yu is looking forward to experiencing the charm of sciences overlapping with arts， broadening her horizons and finding her 33.　　　　　　　　 （academy） study direction in college life.
UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。最近一个名为Mobile ALOHA的机器人在2024年年初引起了许多人的注意，它在某人家里做饭的短视频在1月很受欢迎。文章对这款人工智能机器人进行了详细介绍。
1.B　根据第二段中的the robot can handle everything for a dish ...It also does well in various household tasks ...doing the washing可知，机器人Mobile ALOHA能够处理切菜、打蛋、给植物浇水、抚摸猫、清洁地板、洗衣服等家务。
2.C　根据第三段中的However，a following video posted by one of the researchers，Tony Zhao ...wishful thinking.可知，Tony Zhao发布的视频展示了Mobile ALOHA的失败，这说明这个机器人还存在不足，需要进一步改进。
3.B　根据第四段中的It turns out that Mobile ALOHA is not a complete self-learning system ...the robot needs to learn from human behavior before completing each task.可知，Mobile ALOHA并不是一个能够独立应对新环境的完整的自学系统，它依赖于人类操作员在其周围的演示，这意味着Mobile ALOHA在完成每项任务前需要从人类的行为中学习。由此可知，Mobile ALOHA通过模仿人类行为来完成新任务。
4.D　根据第五段中的they perform worse than a one-year-old child when it comes to simple tasks demanding abilities of senses，reflexes （本能反应） and mobility among others.可知，当涉及需要感官、本能反应和移动等能力的简单任务时，人工智能机器人的表现不如一岁的孩子。再结合最后一段中的the interaction between the arm and the base of Mobile ALOHA would get quite complex if more flexibility is required in a task.可知，如果一项任务需要更大的灵活性，Mobile ALOHA的手臂和底座之间的相互作用将变得非常复杂。由此可推知，人工智能机器人可能在行为的灵活性方面表现不佳。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。机器人专家埃琳娜·贾特尔从马与人的关系中获得研发自主机器人的灵感。文章主要介绍了其灵感来源以及未来的重点研究方向。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel，a computer scientist and roboticist，think of robots ...She was drawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could help improve human-robot interactions.可知，这些有判断力且训练有素的马让计算机科学家和机器人专家埃琳娜·贾特尔想到了机器人。一匹可以独自带骑手回家的马将是最高级别的自主，你可以把生命托付给它们，她很想了解这种关系是如何形成的，以及它是否有助于改善人机互动。由此可知，马的惊人表现吸引了埃琳娜·贾特尔对马的注意。
6.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的The goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs from people.But like horses，autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change.可知，其目标是编程机器人，使其能够对人类的输入做出可预测的反应。但像马一样，自主机器人也应该能够在条件变化时自行做出反应。下文关于自动驾驶汽车的例子也说明了这一点。由此可推知，最高自主的机器人被设计做出独立而明智的决定。
7.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each other？For now，she adds，this is largely uncharted territory.But she’s looking to build a path.可知，机器人和人类相互尊重和信任意味着什么？她认为目前这在很大程度上是一个未知领域，她想要开辟一条道路。由此可知，贾特尔未来的研究重点是机器人和人类之间的信任。
8.D　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，机器人专家从马与人类的关系中得到研发自主机器人的灵感，接下来重点介绍了其灵感来源以及未来的研究重点等。因此，D项（马作为自主机器人的灵感来源）最适合作为文章标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。女孩Ryan因为患有脊柱裂无法参与学校组织的户外徒步活动，但在Jim老师的帮助下，Ryan能够和其他同学一起尽情探索公园。
9.D　根据第二段的her 10-year-old daughter， diagnosed with spina bifida （脊柱裂） as a baby可知，Ryan因病坐着轮椅从而不能进入公园。
10.D　根据下文可知，母亲Shelly在想办法让女儿能够参与到公园的徒步旅行活动中。
11.B　根据上下文可知，女儿已经错过了一次类似的旅行，因此母亲Shelly一得知又有机会了便开始想办法。
12.C　参见上题解析。
13.A　根据上文的I was preparing for an “alternate field trip day”可知，引号内的内容是母亲Shelly以第一人称的口吻写出来的。
14.B　根据语境可知，是母亲Shelly需要为女儿创建一个网页才能发布求助信息。
15.A　根据上文可知，母亲Shelly为女儿创建了一个网页发布求助信息之后，有人主动提出帮助。
16.C　根据上文的to carry Ryan around on his back all day可知，Jim老师主动提出将Ryan整天背在背上参加徒步旅行，因此Ryan能够广泛地参与探索活动。
17.C　根据上文的the upcoming class field trip可知，Ryan参加的是和同学一起进行的班级实地考察。
18.D　根据上文可知，Ryan以前不能参与班级实地考察，她会感到非常伤心。
19.D　根据上文可知，Jim老师主动提出将Ryan整天背在背上参加徒步旅行，实现了Ryan的梦想，因此这一举动意义非凡。
20.B　根据下文的she posted on the web photos of Jim and Ryan on the field trip可知，母亲Shelly将Jim老师背着Ryan参加徒步旅行的照片发布在网上，也就是将这一消息传播出去，以表示感激之情。
21.A　根据常识可知，Jim老师的事迹会让很多人感动，人们会转发分享这样温馨感人的故事。
22.A　根据本句中的have a whole school that never makes her feel left out可知，整个学校都没有让她感到被冷落，因此她们是幸运的。
23.B　根据上文可知，在Jim老师和学校的帮助下，Ryan实现了梦想，Shelly希望善良的人们能为处于困境中的人带去激励，感受生活的美好。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。杨云是重庆铜梁一位从业21年的邮递员，2024年他最幸福的事是将一封清华大学录取通知书放入邮差包，送到自己女儿的手里。
24.who　考查定语从句。关系代词who引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Yang Yun。
25.the　考查冠词。这里特指下文提到的his daughter这个接收者，因此用定冠词the。
26.handing　考查非谓语动词。此处hand这一动作由逻辑主语Yang Yun发出，表主动概念，因此用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
27.happiest　考查形容词的最高级。本空前有定冠词the，再结合语境可知，这里应用形容词的最高级。
28.Raised　考查非谓语动词。这里动词raise与其逻辑主语Yang Yu之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作状语。
29.but　考查连词。本空前后两个分句之间是转折关系，因此用并列连词but。
30.results　考查名词复数。名词result在表示“成绩”时，应用复数形式。
31.increased　考查时态。本句时间状语为In her last year in senior high school，因此这里应用一般过去时。
32.herself　考查代词。这里表示“自我提升”，因此用反身代词herself。
33.academic　考查词形转换。本空后面是名词study，因此这里应用形容词作其定语。
4 / 4UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破
　　With the number of the elderly over 60 increasing， here comes an aging society in China .As a result， various household robots are designed. I’m Alice， a household robot looking more like a human 　　　　 a machine.As you can see， I have two strong arms and flexible fingers， which are bound to help me perform many household duties.I can take over most housework， including washing， mopping， cooking and fetching heavy things.In addition， I’m either programmed to accompany the elderly 　　　　 designed to read stories for babies.　　　　 satisfying life will be if every family has a household robot like me！ 微技能热身 1.①处为方位副词位于句首时的　　　　句式。 2.②处应填　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　。 4.④处应填　　　　。
句型公式：完全倒装
【写美】 微写作
①在护士站里，站着一群眼里满含喜悦泪水的护士。
Inside the nurses’ station， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　with tears of joy in their eyes.
②当大卫冲过终点线时，人群中响起雷鸣般的掌声和欢呼声。 （场景描写）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when David crossed the finish line with the thunderous applause and cheers from the crowd.
③正站在教室外的是一位男孩，他低着头，静静地哭着。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，lowering his head and crying silently.
【归纳】
（1）当out、 in、 into、 down、 up、 away、 here、 there、 now、 then等表示方位和时间的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。
（2）当作表语的介词短语、形容词、分词提到系动词前面时，句子要完全倒装，构成“介词短语/形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”的结构。
【佳句】 Under a big tree sat disappointed David， who unwillingly quit the cross-country run and tears of sadness streamed down his cheeks without control. （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）
失望的大卫坐在一棵大树下，他不情愿地放弃了越野赛，悲伤的泪水顺着他的脸颊止不住地流淌。
take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
【练通】 用take的相关短语填空
①After 　　　　　　　　the firm from his father， Tom 　　　　　　　　some scientific ideas and 　　　　　　　　some experienced and hard-working workers，which suggested that his firm would 　　　　　　　　soon.
【写美】 微写作
②我记下了他提到的事项，更加努力地投入课题中。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and poured more efforts into the project.
【归纳】
take off　　脱掉（衣服等）；起飞；事业腾飞
take down 写下；记下；拆除
take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗
take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事
take up 占有（时间/空间）；接受；继续，接下去
【佳句】 The automated system will take over most of the repetitive tasks， freeing up employees for more creative work.
自动化系统将接管大部分重复性任务，让员工腾出时间从事更有创造性的工作。
　　Linda thinks she is superior 　　　　 others and seldom treats others with dignity.One day， she entered a shop at random and bought a leather coat which a salesman recommended.When she came home， she found a few 　　　　（mud） spots on it.She went back to the shop and asked for a refund.However， a salesman turned up and declared against her requirement.It turned out that Linda had made the most absurd mistake in the world.　　　　 （step） backwards to look at the name of the shop， she found it was not the shop where she bought the coat.She felt guilty and had an urge 　　　　（disappear） immediately into the crack of the floor. 微技能热身 1.①处应填　　　　。 2.②处应填　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　。 4.④处应填　　　　。
turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
【练通】 用turn的相关短语填空
①With so many difficult maths problems to handle， I must 　　　　　　　　my teacher for help.
②All the candidates must 　　　　　　the application forms and relevant materials before the deadline.
【写美】 微写作
③事实证明，帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 realise their dreams gives me more pleasure.
【归纳】
turn down　　　　　　拒绝；关小，调低
turn in 上交
turn over 翻身；移交；转变
turn to 求助于；转向
turn up 出现；调高
【佳句】 A one-day trip to an ocean park was organised last Sunday， which turned out to be an unforgettable experience for all students.
上周日，我们组织了海洋公园一日游，这对所有学生来说都是一次难忘的经历。
urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I explained to him the 　　　　　　（urgent） of catching the bus， emphasizing that otherwise I would be forced to stay overnight and buy a new ticket the next morning.
【写美】 微写作
②为了更好地保护海洋，我们必须敦促更多的人去反思他们不合适的行为并且做出改变。
To protect oceans better， we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and make changes.
【归纳】
（1）have an urge to do sth　有强烈的欲望做某事
（2）urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事
urge that ...（should） do sth
极力主张……做某事
（3）urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
urgent need 迫切需要
（4）urgency n. 紧急；催促
【佳句】 He always has an urge to help others， even if it means sacrificing his own time and energy.
他总是有一种帮助别人的冲动，即使这意味着牺牲自己的时间和精力。
Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.dismiss
A.vt.消除　　　　B.vt.解散；让（某人）离开
C.vt.解雇 D.vt.拒绝考虑
①The class was dismissed early today. 　　　　　
②He was dismissed from his job for inaction and incompetence. 　　　　　
③I gently patted him on the shoulder to dismiss his fears from his mind.　　　　　
④He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic.　　　　　
2.词义猜测
①His son lied to him by design and he exploded with anger.　　　　　
②She calculated that going to a stranger’s house was a risky move， but she decided to take the chance. 　　　　　
③（2023· 1月浙江卷）Sitting on a branch， he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.　　　　　
④（2022· 1月浙江卷）The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. 　　　　　
⑤She was declared as chairwoman of the company’s sales division. 　　　　　　
维度二 写作词汇夯实 ——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
单句语法填空
1.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable 　　　　　（week） supply of fresh greens.
2.He grew 　　　　　　（guilt） for ignoring his parents’ love for him and for what he had done today.
3.Salesmen and saleswomen are advised to have a medical examination 　　　　　　a regular basis， which is helpful to their health.
4.Tsinghua University and Peking University are clearly superior 　　　　　　other universities in China.
5.The 　　　　（divide） between the prosperous west and the impoverished east remains.
6.He performed perfectly in the speech contest and an 　　　　　　（explode） of applause came out of the audience.
Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能
倡议书——开卷有益
　　“世界读书日”即将到来，请你写一份主题为“开卷有益”的倡议书，动员同学们多读书。
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.在“世界读书日”到来之际，我在此敦促大家多读书。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.读书证明对我们有益。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.读书可以丰富我们的思想，教我们明辨是非，这为进一步学习奠定了坚实的基础。 （非限制性定语从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.正如一位著名作家所说：“读一本好书就像和一个高尚的人对话。” （非限制性定语从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.通过读书，我们可以获得智慧，来帮助我们解决日常生活中的实际问题。读书的好处是难以形容的。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.让我们行动起来，每天读书。只有通过读书，才能丰富我们的生活以及精神世界。（倒装句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear boys and girls，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 情感描写：guilty adj.→guilt n.， superior to， urge， have an urge to do， explode， stun v.→stunned adj.
动作描写：dismiss， declare， presume， calculate， take over， conflict with， fetch， fall away
美句 ①He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice， although his facial expression never changed. （人物描写） ②Although it was completely innocent， Claire felt guilty. （情感描写） ③She screamed， pushed him away， and ran to her room. （动作描写） ④It was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career. （拟人）
动作描写之“笑”（一）
词汇 美句
smile n. ①a big/broad/wide/bright smile 灿烂的笑容 ②a satisfied/warm/gentle smile 满意的/热情的/和蔼的微笑 ③cast a smile at sb 向某人一笑 ④force/manage/squeeze a smile 强颜欢笑 ⑤flash a smile 露出微笑 ⑥beam with smiles 笑逐颜开 ⑦a smile spreads/flashes across one’s face 脸上露出微笑 ⑧a smile brightens/lights up one’s face 露出灿烂的笑容/露出喜色 ①His laughter echoed through the hallway， filling the space with joy. 他的笑声在走廊里回荡，充满了欢乐。 ②He grinned from ear to ear， unable to contain his excitement. 他笑得合不拢嘴，抑制不住自己的兴奋。 ③She tried to stay serious but couldn’t help laughing. 她试图保持严肃，但还是忍不住笑了起来。 ④A warm， genuine smile spread across her face as she heard the good news. 当她听到这个好消息时，脸上露出了温暖、真诚的微笑。 ⑤The room was filled with the sound of laughter， each person sharing in the joy of the moment. 房间里充满了笑声，每个人都在分享这一刻的快乐。
smile v. ①smile sweetly/broadly/widely 嫣然一笑/咧嘴一笑 ②smile a wide/small smile咧嘴一笑/微微一笑 ③smiling face笑脸
情境导语 詹妮面带微笑，跑到妈妈屋里炫耀她的新画……
第一步　完成句子
1.詹妮嘴角挂着微笑，跑到妈妈屋里炫耀她的新画。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　， Jenny rushed to her mom’s room to show off her new painting.
2.她妈妈停下来转过脸朝她微笑。（分词作定语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.美丽的画让她妈妈激动不已，她的脸上露出灿烂的笑容。（并列句）
Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.她声音里带着笑说：“詹妮，你画得真好，我相信有一天你会成为一个著名的画家。我真为你骄傲。”
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，“Jenny， you paint really well.I’m sure you will be a famous painter one day.I’m so proud of you.”
5.当詹妮想象着自己成为一个画家时，她喜笑颜开，嘴角露出微笑。
When Jenny pictured herself becoming a painter， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
6.她笑得更加灿烂了，满怀期待地跑进自己的卧室。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二步　连句成文
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身]　1.完全倒装　2.than　3.or　4.How
1.①there stood a group of nurses　②Then came the moment　③Standing outside the classroom is a boy
2.①taking over； took in； took on； take off
②took down everything he mentioned
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身]　1.to　2.muddy　3.Stepping　4.to disappear
3.①turn to　②turn in　③It turns out that helping others
4.①urgency　②must urge more people to reflect on/must urge that more people （should） reflect on their own improper behavior
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.①B　②C　③A　④D
2.①vi.（感情的）爆发　②vt.猜测　③vi.缓慢移动
④n.好处；意外收获　⑤n.部门
维度二
1.weekly　2.guilty　3.on　4.to　5.division　6.explosion
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.With World Book Day approaching， I’m here to urge all of you to do more reading.
2.Reading turns out beneficial to us.
3.Reading can enrich our minds and teach us to distinguish between right and wrong， which lays a solid foundation for our further learning.
4.As a famous writer put it， “Reading a good book is like talking with a noble man.”
5.By reading books， we can gain the wisdom to help us solve practical problems in our daily lives.The advantages of reading are beyond description.
6.Let’s take action to read on a daily basis.Only through reading can we enrich our lives as well as our spiritual world.
第二步
Dear boys and girls，
　　With World Book Day approaching， I’m here to urge all of you to do more reading.Reading turns out beneficial to us.Firstly， it can enrich our minds and teach us to distinguish between right and wrong， which lays a solid foundation for our further learning.Furthermore， as a famous writer put it， “Reading a good book is like talking with a noble man.” By reading books， we can gain the wisdom to help us solve practical problems in our daily lives.All in all， the advantages of reading are beyond description.
　　Let’s take action to read on a daily basis.Only through reading can we enrich our lives as well as our spiritual world.
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.With a smile on her lips
2.Her mother stopped to turn a smiling face to her.
3.and a smile brightened her face
4.She said with a smile in her voice
5.her face lit up and lips curved in a smile
6.Her smile broadened， and she hurried to her bedroom with great expectations.
第二步
　　With a smile on her lips， Jenny rushed to her mom’s room to show off her new painting.Her mother stopped to turn a smiling face to her.Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting， and a smile brightened her face.She said with a smile in her voice， “Jenny， you paint really well.I’m sure you will be a famous painter one day.I’m so proud of you.” When Jenny pictured herself becoming a painter， her face lit up and lips curved in a smile.Her smile broadened， and she hurried to her bedroom with great expectations.
1 / 2(共116张PPT)
UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
高中总复习·英语 (人教版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. be regarded as a man of integrity被认为是一个诚实正直的人
2. with great pride and dignity 有着极强的自豪和尊严
3. get a basic salary 领取基本薪水
4. a successful saleswoman 一位成功的女推销员
5. be published twice weekly 每周出版两次
6. as chairwoman of the student union 作为学生会女主席
7. work full-time as a salesman for a big company在一家大公司做全职
推销员
8. our superior technology我们先进的技术
9. an abundant supply of cheap labour大量的廉价劳动力供应
10. turn in a brown leather wallet上交一个棕色的皮革钱包
11. knock me backwards把我撞得往后退
12. play tennis with my niece 和我的外甥女打网球
13. go to fetch some books 去拿来一些书
14. polish his glasses with a handkerchief用手帕擦拭他的眼镜
15. turn on the lamp把灯打开
16. dismiss vt.让（某人）离开；解散；解雇；消除
①be dismissed from the post被免职
②dismiss her fears消除她的恐惧
③dismiss that possibility entirely完全排除那种可能性
语境记忆
17. pace n.速度；步伐；节奏 vt.& vi.确定速度；调整节奏
She paced up and down with anxiety， and then wandered down to the
gate and back.
她焦虑地来回踱步，然后溜达到大门口又回来。　（动作描写）
18. inch n.英寸（长度单位，等于2.54厘米）
Inch by inch， they were getting closer to the finish line.Eventually， the
real winner in my heart ran past the finish line.
一点一点地，他们离终点线越来越近。最终，我心中真正的胜利者跑
过了终点线。
19. random adj.随机的；不可思议的
As you said， you intended to match us in pairs at random.　（2023·新
课标Ⅰ卷）
就像你说的，你打算让我们随机搭配。
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. fiction n.小说；虚构的事
2. science fiction 科幻小说（或影片等）
3. ridiculous adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
4. absurd adj.荒谬的；荒唐的
5. nail n.指甲；趾甲；钉子
vt.（用钉子）钉牢；固定
6. ladder n.梯子；阶梯
7. whereas conj.然而；但是；尽管
8. rumour n.谣言；传闻
9. presume vt.& vi.假设；假定
10. fare n.车费；船费；飞机票价
11. gramme n.克（重量单位）
12. alien n.外星人（生物）；外国人
adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的
13. inaction n.无行动；不采取措施
14. lever n.操纵杆；杠杆
15. panel n.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
16. grip vt.& vi.紧握；抓紧
17. hazy adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
18. puff n.（烟、气等的）一缕；少量；喘息
19. jolt n.震动；摇晃；颠簸 vt.& vi.（使）震动；摇晃
20. maximum adj.最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度
21. stun vt.使震惊；使昏迷
22. overstatement n.夸大；夸张
阅读词汇明义
教材例句
23. （译林选择性必修第四册）Just like the “starfish boy”， you may
even inspire people around you to do the same， which is an added
bonus.　n.意外收获；奖金；红利
24. （译林选择性必修第二册）The venue where a baseball game is
played is called a ballpark.　n.活动场地（如音乐厅、会场等）
25. （外研选择性必修第四册）Following the shock of the Challenger
disaster， space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years
while the cause of the disaster was investigated， and some of the
shuttle’s components were redesigned.　vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
派生词汇识记
1. appointment n.预约；约会；委任→appoint vt.任命；委派；指定；
约定
2. guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guilt n.内疚；罪行；罪过
3. declare vt.表明；宣称；公布→declaration n.宣称；声明
4. calculate vt.计算；核算；预测→calculator n.计算器→calculation n.
计算
6. urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgent adj.
紧急的；急迫的
7. explode vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→explosion n.爆炸；（感情）爆
发；激增
5. division n.分开；分隔；差异；除（法）→divide vt.& vi.分开；分
散vt.分配；分享
第一组
1. test out 检验；测试
2. more like 更像是；更接近
3. on a ...basis 根据；以……的方式（基准）
4. pros and cons 事物的利与弊；支持与反对
5. superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹
6. take over 占上风；取而代之；接管
7. conflict with 与……冲突或抵触
8. have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事
第二组
1. on a business trip 出公差
2. feel alarmed 感到害怕
3. feel embarrassed 感到尴尬
4. treat her with dignity 有尊严地对待她
5. social position 社会地位
6. a bigger salary 一份更高的薪水
7. or rather 更准确地说，更确切地说
8. with wonder 惊奇地
1. 句式：more ...than ...与其说……倒不如说……
原句：He seemed more like a human than a machine.
他看起来不太像一个机器，而更像一个真人。
2. 句式：it be＋形容词＋that从句
原句：Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered
sympathy by a robot， but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity
and began to trust him.
克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情是十分荒谬的，但她逐渐欣赏到
了他的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。
3. 句式：完全倒装
原句：As she turned around， there stood Gladys Claffern.
当她转过身时，格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里。
4. 修辞之明喻
原句：It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road.这感觉就像
我在一条蜿蜒的路上疾驰。
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.fiction n.小说；虚构的事
□2.science fiction 科幻小说（或影片等）
□3.bonus n.意外收获；奖金；红利
□4.ridiculous adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
□5.absurd adj.荒谬的；荒唐的
□6.nail n.指甲；趾甲；钉子
vt.（用钉子）钉牢；固定
□7.suspend vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
□8.ladder n.梯子；阶梯
□9.whereas conj.然而；但是；尽管
□10.rumour n.谣言；传闻
□11.presume vt.& vi.假设；假定
□12.fare n.车费；船费；飞机票价
□13.gramme n.克（重量单位）
□14.venue n.活动场地（如音乐厅、会场等）
□15.alien n.外星人（生物）；外国人
adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的
□16.inaction n.无行动；不采取措施
□17.lever n.操纵杆；杠杆
□18.panel n.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
□19.grip vt.& vi.紧握；抓紧
□20.hazy adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
□21.overstatement n.夸大；夸张
□22.flour n.面粉；（谷物磨成的）粉
□23.handkerchief n.手帕；纸巾
□24.maximum adj.最大极限的
n.最大量；最大限度
□25.stun vt.使震惊；使昏迷
核心单词练通
1. n.诚实正直；完整；完好
2. n.庄重；庄严；尊严
3. n.女售货员；女推销员
4. n.女主席；女董事长；女委员长
5. n.售货员；推销员
6. adj.更好的；占优势的；（在级别或重要性上）
更高的
7. n.皮革；[pl.] 皮衣；皮外套
integrity
dignity
saleswoman
chairwoman　
salesman
superior　
leather　
8. adv.向后；倒着；往回
9. n.侄女；外甥女
10. n.灯；台灯
11. adj.随机的；不可思议的
12. They （消除） my fears and encouraged me to stick it
out.
13. She couldn’t wait to share what she thought with Mary and
quickened her （步伐）.
backwards　
niece　
lamp
random
dismissed　
pace　
14. It’s important to improve working environments and
（薪水） to attract more workers.
15. In the dry seasons， the villagers have to walk several miles
to （拿来） water for daily use.
16. In practice， we can experience the value of （劳动）
and expose ourselves to a wide range of practical skills.
salaries　
fetch　
labour　
拓展单词用活
1. n.预约；约会；委任→ vt.任命；委
派；指定；约定
2. vt.表明；宣称；公布→ n.宣称；声明
3. adj.每周的 n.周刊→ n.星期；周
4. vt.计算；核算；预测→ n.计算器
→ n.计算
5. There is so much on the road that you have to
walk on it with caution.（mud）
appointment　
appoint　
declare　
declaration　
weekly　
week　
calculate　
calculator　
calculation　
mud　
muddy　
6. I feel about the silly mistake I made yesterday and no words
can express my .（guilty）
7. The was caused by a leaking gas pipe， which made the
boss with anger.（explode）
8. Before the discussion， the boys and girls have been and
the is useful for their study.（divide）
guilty　
guilt　
explosion　
explode　
divided　
division　
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
先写
对 1. 　　　　检验；测试
2. 　　更像是；更接近
3. 　　根据；以……的方式（基准）
4. 　　事物的利与弊；支持与反对
5. 　　比……更好；更胜一筹
6. 　　占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
7. 　　　与……冲突或抵触
8. 　　关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
9. 　　（逐渐）减少；消失
10. 　　有强烈的欲望做某事
test out　
more like　
on a ...basis　
pros and cons　
superior to　
take over　
conflict with　
turn out　
fall away　
have an urge to　
再
用
准 根据语境选用上面短语填空
1.My parents urged me to be patient and never let negative
thoughts .
2.Bernard’s business to be successful with so many
people enjoying his popcorn.
3.It is necessary that we weigh the of including
English words in Chinese dictionaries.
4.Helen was chosen for the job because she was any
other candidate.
5.Because this project is taking so long to complete， people’s
excitement about it has really .
take over　
turned out
pros and cons　
superior to　
fallen away　
（三）破解构词密码——知规律·巧记忆
前缀over-和后缀-ward（s）
密码
解读 含义 前缀over-表示“过度；在……之上”，后缀-ward（s）表示“朝……，向……”
规则 前缀over- 后缀-ward（s）
密码
解读 例
词 ①statement陈述
→overstatement n.夸大；夸张 ②weight重量→overweight adj.
超重的 ③look看→overlook vt.俯瞰；
忽视 ④load装载→overload vt.超载 ⑤value重视→overvalue vt.过
于重视 ⑥work工作→overwork vi.& n.
过度工作 ⑦use使用→overuse vt.& n.过
度使用 ⑧eat吃→overeat vi.吃得过量 ①backward（s） adv.向
后；倒着；往回
②forward adv.向前
③upward adj.向上的 adv.
向上
④inward adj.内心的；里
面的
⑤outward adj.外表（面）
的；向外的
⑥toward（s） prep.向；对
⑦westward（s） adj.向西
的 adv.向西
⑧eastward（s） adj.向东
的 adv.向东
即
时
演
练 词义猜测（根据语境写出加蓝词的含义）
1.Hyde shifted his weight and felt himself move forward， beginning
to overbalance.　
2.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Though overtourism is described as a
problem affecting the entire world， it’s actually concentrated to a
small number of extremely popular spots.　
3.The taxi-driver tried to overcharge her， which made her very
angry.　
vi.使失去平衡　
n.过度旅游　
vt.对……要价（或收费）过高　
即
时
演
练 词义猜测（根据语境写出加蓝词的含义）

4.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）Some people will tend to overestimate， and
some to underestimate.When enough of these errors are averaged
together， they cancel each other out， resulting in a more accurate
estimate.　
5.As the government has taken proper measures， inflation （通胀）
is moving firmly downward.　
6.She behaved as if nothing had happened.Her calm expression hid
her inward panic.　
vi.过高估计；高估　
adv.向下地，下降地　
adj.内心的　
（四）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：more ...than ...
与其说……倒不如说…… 教材原句：He seemed more like
a human than a machine. 1.当她的小儿子再次对她说谎时，
与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。
She was when
her little son lied to her again.
more sad than angry
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：完全倒装 教材原句：As she turned
around， there stood Gladys
Claffern. 2.几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的
时候，传来了消息。
A few weeks later， when I almost
forgot the contest，
.
there came the
news　
句型公式 句式仿写
3.句型公式：强调句 教材原句：It was at ten o’clock
today that the first of all Time
Machines began its career. 3.是你的关心和鼓励不断增强了
我的信心。

have
continuously built up my
confidence.
It is your concern and
encouragement that　
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
　　With the number of the elderly over 60 increasing， here comes an aging society in China .As a result， various household robots are designed.
I’m Alice， a household robot looking more like a human 　　　　 a machine.As you can see， I have two strong arms and flexible fingers， which are bound to help me perform many household duties.I can take over most housework， including washing， mopping， cooking and fetching heavy things.In addition， I’m either programmed to accompany the elderly 　　　　 designed to read stories for babies. 　　　　 satisfying life will be if every family has a household robot like me！
微技能热身
1.①处为方位副词位于句首时的 句式。
2.②处应填 。
3.③处应填 。
4.④处应填 。
完全倒装　
than　
or　
How　
句型公式：完全倒装
【写美】 微写作
①在护士站里，站着一群眼里满含喜悦泪水的护士。
Inside the nurses’ station， with tears
of joy in their eyes.
②当大卫冲过终点线时，人群中响起雷鸣般的掌声和欢呼声。　（场
景描写）
when David crossed the finish line with the
thunderous applause and cheers from the crowd.
there stood a group of nurses　
Then came the moment　
③正站在教室外的是一位男孩，他低着头，静静地哭着。
， lowering his head and
crying silently.
Standing outside the classroom is a boy　
【归纳】
（1）当out、 in、 into、 down、 up、 away、 here、 there、 now、
then等表示方位和时间的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首且主语
是名词时，句子用完全倒装。
（2）当作表语的介词短语、形容词、分词提到系动词前面时，句子
要完全倒装，构成“介词短语/形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”的结构。
【佳句】 Under a big tree sat disappointed David， who unwillingly
quit the cross-country run and tears of sadness streamed down his cheeks
without control.　（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）
失望的大卫坐在一棵大树下，他不情愿地放弃了越野赛，悲伤的泪水
顺着他的脸颊止不住地流淌。
take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
【练通】 用take的相关短语填空
①After the firm from his father， Tom some
scientific ideas and some experienced and hard-working
workers，which suggested that his firm would soon.
taking over　
took in　
took on　
take off　
【写美】 微写作
②我记下了他提到的事项，更加努力地投入课题中。
I and poured more efforts into the
project.
took down everything he mentioned　
【归纳】
take off　　脱掉（衣服等）；起飞；事业腾飞
take down　　写下；记下；拆除
take in　　吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗
take on　　呈现；雇用；承担；从事
take up　　占有（时间/空间）；接受；继续，接下去
【佳句】 The automated system will take over most of the repetitive
tasks， freeing up employees for more creative work.自动化系统将接管
大部分重复性任务，让员工腾出时间从事更有创造性的工作。
　　Linda thinks she is superior 　　　　 others and seldom treats others with dignity.One day， she entered a shop at random and bought a leather coat which a salesman recommended.When she came home， she found a few 　　　　 （mud） spots on it.She went back to the shop and asked for a refund.However， a salesman turned up and declared against her requirement.It turned out that Linda had made the most absurd mistake in the world. 　　　　 （step） backwards to look at the name of the shop， she found it was not the shop where she bought the coat.She felt guilty and had an urge 　　　　 （disappear） immediately into the crack of the floor.
微技能热身
1.①处应填 。
2.②处应填 。
3.③处应填 。
4.④处应填 。
to　
muddy　
Stepping　
to
disappear　
turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
【练通】 用turn的相关短语填空
①With so many difficult maths problems to handle， I must
my teacher for help.
②All the candidates must the application forms and relevant
materials before the deadline.
turn to　
turn in　
【写美】 微写作
③事实证明，帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。
realise their dreams gives me more
pleasure.
It turns out that helping others　
【归纳】
turn down　　拒绝；关小，调低
turn in　　上交
turn over　　翻身；移交；转变
turn to　　求助于；转向
turn up　　出现；调高
【佳句】 A one-day trip to an ocean park was organised last Sunday，
which turned out to be an unforgettable experience for all students.上周
日，我们组织了海洋公园一日游，这对所有学生来说都是一次难忘的
经历。
urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I explained to him the （urgent） of catching the bus，
emphasizing that otherwise I would be forced to stay overnight and buy a
new ticket the next morning.
urgency　
【写美】 微写作
②为了更好地保护海洋，我们必须敦促更多的人去反思他们不合适的
行为并且做出改变。
To protect oceans better，we

and make changes.
must urge more people to reflect on/must
urge that more people （should） reflect on their own improper
behavior　
【归纳】
（1）have an urge to do sth　有强烈的欲望做某事
（2）urge sb to do sth　　催促某人做某事
urge that ...（should） do sth　　极力主张……做某事
（3）urgent adj.　　紧急的；迫切的
urgent need　　迫切需要
（4）urgency n.　　紧急；催促
【佳句】 He always has an urge to help others， even if it means
sacrificing his own time and energy.他总是有一种帮助别人的冲动，即
使这意味着牺牲自己的时间和精力。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. dismiss
A. vt.消除　　B. vt.解散；让（某人）离开
C. vt.解雇　　D. vt.拒绝考虑
①The class was dismissed early today.　
②He was dismissed from his job for inaction and
incompetence.　
B　
C　

③I gently patted him on the shoulder to dismiss his fears from his
mind.　
④He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic.　
A　
D　
A. vt.消除　　B. vt.解散；让（某人）离开
C. vt.解雇　　D. vt.拒绝考虑
2. 词义猜测
①His son lied to him by design and he exploded with anger.　

②She calculated that going to a stranger’s house was a risky move， but
she decided to take the chance.　
③（2023·1月浙江卷）Sitting on a branch， he inched towards it and
blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.　
vi.（感
情的）爆发　
vt.猜测　
vi.缓慢移动　
④（2022· 1月浙江卷）The benefits of regular exercise are well
documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing
list.　
⑤She was declared as chairwoman of the company’s sales
division.　
n.好处；意外收获　
n.部门　
维度二 写作词汇夯实　——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
单句语法填空
1. （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）The innovative design requires little effort to
achieve a reliable （week） supply of fresh greens.
2. He grew （guilt） for ignoring his parents’ love for him
and for what he had done today.
weekly　
guilty　
3. Salesmen and saleswomen are advised to have a medical
examination a regular basis， which is helpful to their health.
4. Tsinghua University and Peking University are clearly superior
other universities in China.
5. The （divide） between the prosperous west and the
impoverished east remains.
6. He performed perfectly in the speech contest and an
（explode） of applause came out of the audience.
on　
to　
division　
explosion　
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
　　“世界读书日”即将到来，请你写一份主题为“开卷有益”的倡
议书，动员同学们多读书。
倡议书——开卷有益
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 在“世界读书日”到来之际，我在此敦促大家多读书。


2. 读书证明对我们有益。

With World Book Day approaching， I’m here to urge all of you to do
more reading.
Reading turns out beneficial to us.
3. 读书可以丰富我们的思想，教我们明辨是非，这为进一步学习奠定
了坚实的基础。　（非限制性定语从句）


4. 正如一位著名作家所说：“读一本好书就像和一个高尚的人对
话。” 　（非限制性定语从句）


Reading can enrich our minds and teach us to distinguish between right
and wrong， which lays a solid foundation for our further learning.
As a famous writer put it， “Reading a good book is like talking with a
noble man.”
5. 通过读书，我们可以获得智慧，来帮助我们解决日常生活中的实际
问题。读书的好处是难以形容的。



6. 让我们行动起来，每天读书。只有通过读书，才能丰富我们的生活
以及精神世界。　（倒装句）


By reading books， we can gain the wisdom to help us solve practical
problems in our daily lives.The advantages of reading are beyond
description.
Let’s take action to read on a daily basis.Only through reading can we
enrich our lives as well as our spiritual world.
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear boys and girls，
　　







　　

　　 　With World Book Day approaching， I’m here to urge all of you
to do more reading.Reading turns out beneficial to us.Firstly， it can
enrich our minds and teach us to distinguish between right and wrong，
which lays a solid foundation for our further learning.Furthermore， as a
famous writer put it， “Reading a good book is like talking with a noble
man.” By reading books， we can gain the wisdom to help us solve
practical problems in our daily lives.All in all， the advantages of reading
are beyond description.　
　　 　Let’s take action to read on a daily basis.Only through reading
can we enrich our lives as well as our spiritual world.　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮
词 情感描写：guilty adj.→guilt n.， superior to， urge，have an urge to do， explode，stun v.→stunned adj.
动作描写：dismiss， declare， presume， calculate， take over，
conflict with， fetch， fall away
美
句 ①He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice，
although his facial expression never changed.　（人物描写）
②Although it was completely innocent， Claire felt guilty.　（情感描写）
③She screamed， pushed him away， and ran to her room.　（动作描写）
④It was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.　（拟人）
动作描写之“笑”（一）
词汇
smile n. ①a big/broad/wide/bright smile 灿烂的笑容
②a satisfied/warm/gentle smile
满意的/热情的/和蔼的微笑
③cast a smile at sb 向某人一笑
④force/manage/squeeze a smile 强颜欢笑
⑤flash a smile 露出微笑
⑥beam with smiles 笑逐颜开
⑦a smile spreads/flashes across one’s face脸上露出微笑
⑧a smile brightens/lights up one’s face露出灿烂的笑容/露出喜色
词汇
smile v. ①smile sweetly/broadly/widely 嫣然一笑/咧嘴一笑
②smile a wide/small smile 咧嘴一笑/微微一笑
③smiling face笑脸
美句
①His laughter echoed through the hallway， filling the space with joy.
他的笑声在走廊里回荡，充满了欢乐。
②He grinned from ear to ear， unable to contain his excitement.
他笑得合不拢嘴，抑制不住自己的兴奋。
③She tried to stay serious but couldn’t help laughing.
她试图保持严肃，但还是忍不住笑了起来。
④A warm， genuine smile spread across her face as she heard the
good news.当她听到这个好消息时，脸上露出了温暖、真诚的微笑。
⑤The room was filled with the sound of laughter， each person
sharing in the joy of the moment.
房间里充满了笑声，每个人都在分享这一刻的快乐。
情境导语 詹妮面带微笑，跑到妈妈屋里炫耀她的新画……　
第一步　完成句子
1. 詹妮嘴角挂着微笑，跑到妈妈屋里炫耀她的新画。
， Jenny rushed to her mom’s room to show
off her new painting.
2. 她妈妈停下来转过脸朝她微笑。　（分词作定语）

With a smile on her lips　
Her mother stopped to turn a smiling face to her.　
3. 美丽的画让她妈妈激动不已，她的脸上露出灿烂的笑容。　
（并列句）
Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting，
.
4. 她声音里带着笑说：“詹妮，你画得真好，我相信有一天你会成为
一个著名的画家。我真为你骄傲。”
，“Jenny， you paint really
well.I’m sure you will be a famous painter one day.I’m so proud of
you.”
and a smile
brightened her face　
She said with a smile in her voice　
5. 当詹妮想象着自己成为一个画家时，她喜笑颜开，嘴角露出微笑。
When Jenny pictured herself becoming a painter，
.
6. 她笑得更加灿烂了，满怀期待地跑进自己的卧室。


her face lit up and
lips curved in a smile　
Her smile broadened， and she hurried to her bedroom with great
expectations.
第二步　连句成文
　　







　　 　With a smile on her lips， Jenny rushed to her mom’s room to
show off her new painting.Her mother stopped to turn a smiling face to
her.Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting， and a smile
brightened her face.She said with a smile in her voice， “Jenny， you
paint really well.I’m sure you will be a famous painter one day.I’m so
proud of you.” When Jenny pictured herself becoming a painter， her
face lit up and lips curved in a smile.Her smile broadened， and she
hurried to her bedroom with great expectations.　
4
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·郑州质量预测）Robots doing housework is nothing new
with the latest achievements in robotics.Recently， a robot called Mobile
ALOHA caught the attention of many at the beginning of 2024， with
short videos of it cooking at someone’s home becoming popular in
January.
　　Developed by a team of researchers at Stanford University in the
US， the robot can handle everything for a dish， whether it is cutting
vegetables or cracking eggs.It also does well in various household tasks
like watering plants， petting cats， cleaning the floor and doing the
washing.It even knows to shake the pillow （枕头） after putting on a
pillowcase.An Internet user joked under one video that as long as this
thing doesn’t try to kill him while he is asleep， he is in real need of it.
　　However， a following video posted by one of the researchers，
Tony Zhao， and showing Mobile ALOHA’s failures proved that the
idea of having a robot servant may just be wishful thinking.In the video，
Mobile ALOHA randomly broke glasses and plates， crashed into
cupboards and even burned a pot.
　　It turns out that Mobile ALOHA is not a complete self-learning
system that can independently deal with new environments.It relies on
demonstrations by human operators in its surroundings， meaning that the
robot needs to learn from human behavior before completing each
task.Also， according to the team， the robot achieves a 95％ success
rate in removing red wine stains （污渍）， 80％ in pushing chairs， and
a mere 40％ in frying shrimp.In short， it’s far from perfect.
　　The behavioral problems of AI robots have been bothering scientists
for decades.Although AI robots do pretty well in things requiring high-
level reasoning like math， they perform worse than a one-year-old child
when it comes to simple tasks demanding abilities of senses， reflexes
（本能反应） and mobility among others.
　　As the team observed， the interaction between the arm and the base
of Mobile ALOHA would get quite complex if more flexibility is required
in a task.Even a slight deviation （偏差） in the base settings might lead
to significant drift in the arms’ motions， resulting in failure to complete
the task.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。最近一个名为Mobile ALOHA的机器
人在2024年年初引起了许多人的注意，它在某人家里做饭的短视频
在1月很受欢迎。文章对这款人工智能机器人进行了详细介绍。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。最近一个名为Mobile ALOHA的机器
人在2024年年初引起了许多人的注意，它在某人家里做饭的短视频
在1月很受欢迎。文章对这款人工智能机器人进行了详细介绍。
1. What can we learn about Mobile ALOHA according to Paragraph 2？
（　　）
A. It sells well among housewives.
B. It can help one to do housework.
C. It was developed by IT scientists.
D. It is badly needed by Internet users.
√
解析：　根据第二段中的the robot can handle everything for a
dish ...It also does well in various household tasks ...doing the washing
可知，机器人Mobile ALOHA能够处理切菜、打蛋、给植物浇水、抚
摸猫、清洁地板、洗衣服等家务。
2. Why is Tony Zhao’s video about Mobile ALOHA mentioned？（　　）
A. To prove its online popularity.
B. To display its powerful functions.
C. To show it needs further improvement.
D. To suggest it should work under one’s help.
√
解析：　根据第三段中的However，a following video posted by one of
the researchers，Tony Zhao ...wishful thinking.可知，Tony Zhao发布
的视频展示了Mobile ALOHA的失败，这说明这个机器人还存在不
足，需要进一步改进。
3. How can Mobile ALOHA best complete a new task？（　　）
A. By operating independently.
B. By imitating humans’ behavior.
C. By learning from previous tasks.
D. By turning to programmers for help.
√
解析：　根据第四段中的It turns out that Mobile ALOHA is not a
complete self-learning system ...the robot needs to learn from human
behavior before completing each task.可知，Mobile ALOHA并不是一个
能够独立应对新环境的完整的自学系统，它依赖于人类操作员在其周
围的演示，这意味着Mobile ALOHA在完成每项任务前需要从人类的
行为中学习。由此可知，Mobile ALOHA通过模仿人类行为来完成新
任务。
4. Which type of task may AI robots be poor at？（　　）
A. Deep learning. B. Precise calculation.
C. Logical thinking. D. Behavioral flexibility.
√
解析：　根据第五段中的they perform worse than a one-year-old child
when it comes to simple tasks demanding abilities of senses，reflexes
（本能反应） and mobility among others.可知，当涉及需要感官、本
能反应和移动等能力的简单任务时，人工智能机器人的表现不如一岁
的孩子。再结合最后一段中的the interaction between the arm and the
base of Mobile ALOHA would get quite complex if more flexibility is
required in a task.可知，如果一项任务需要更大的灵活性，Mobile
ALOHA的手臂和底座之间的相互作用将变得非常复杂。由此可推
知，人工智能机器人可能在行为的灵活性方面表现不佳。
B
　　（2025·广州冲刺训练）Human history is full of horse stories like
guiding cowboys home on foggy nights and taking wounded soldiers
through battle zones.Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina
Jatel， a computer scientist and roboticist， think of robots.“A horse
that can take a rider home on its own would be the highest level of
autonomy，”Jatel says.“You trust them with your life.” She was
drawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could help improve
human-robot interactions.
　　For a year， Jatel engaged herself in the horse world.She watched
classes in horse training， and she also talked with students，
instructors， trainers and horse owners.Along the way， Jatel even
learned to ride.
　　Horses learn signals from their trainers on how to comfortably interact
with people.People， too， must learn their part.Riders must learn what a
horse wants or how it feels based on its behavior， and what signals to use
to direct horses to perform in desired ways.Jatel found some similarities，
here， to working with robots.People must learn how to direct robots to
do specific tasks.They must also learn what to do when robots don’t
perform as planned.The goal is to program robots that will respond
predictably to inputs from people.But like horses， autonomous robots
also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change.For
example， a self-driving car must stop to avoid hitting something， even
if some human mistakenly tells it to keep going.
　　Trainers and riders work with horses to build respect.Horses show
that respect by matching their pace to a human or giving someone who is
leading them a safe degree of personal space.Trainers begin their work
with a horse by getting them to show signs of respect in basic
interactions， Jatel says.Later， trainers will develop more complex
interactions.Gradually， a horse’s respect can grow into trust.
　　But that trust is not given.And there may be a similar limitation with
robots.What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each
other？For now， she adds， this is largely uncharted territory.But
she’s looking to build a path.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。机器人专家埃琳娜·贾特尔从马与人
的关系中获得研发自主机器人的灵感。文章主要介绍了其灵感来源
以及未来的重点研究方向。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。机器人专家埃琳娜·贾特尔从马与人
的关系中获得研发自主机器人的灵感。文章主要介绍了其灵感来源
以及未来的重点研究方向。
5. What drew Elina Jatel’s attention to horses？（　　）
A. Horses’ amazing performance.
B. Long history of horse training.
C. Horse-human interdependence.
D. Her horse-riding experience.
√
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Such sensible and highly
trained horses made Elina Jatel， a computer scientist and roboticist，
think of robots ...She was drawn to learning how such relationships form
and if it could help improve human-robot interactions.可知，这些有判断
力且训练有素的马让计算机科学家和机器人专家埃琳娜·贾特尔想到了
机器人。一匹可以独自带骑手回家的马将是最高级别的自主，你可以
把生命托付给它们，她很想了解这种关系是如何形成的，以及它是否
有助于改善人机互动。由此可知，马的惊人表现吸引了埃琳娜·贾特尔
对马的注意。
6. What are the robots of the highest autonomy designed to do？（　　）
A. To act like real horses.
B. To show respect for humans.
C. To follow instructions from humans.
D. To make independent and sensible decisions.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中的The goal is to program robots
that will respond predictably to inputs from people.But like horses，
autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as
conditions change.可知，其目标是编程机器人，使其能够对人类的输
入做出可预测的反应。但像马一样，自主机器人也应该能够在条件变
化时自行做出反应。下文关于自动驾驶汽车的例子也说明了这一点。
由此可推知，最高自主的机器人被设计做出独立而明智的决定。
7. What will Jatel’s future research most probably focus on？（　　）
A. The limitations of robots.
B. Trust between robots and humans.
C. The path toward higher robot efficiency.
D. Similarities between horses and robots.
√
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的What would it mean for
robots and people to respect and trust each other？For now，she adds，
this is largely uncharted territory.But she’s looking to build a path.可
知，机器人和人类相互尊重和信任意味着什么？她认为目前这在很大
程度上是一个未知领域，她想要开辟一条道路。由此可知，贾特尔未
来的研究重点是机器人和人类之间的信任。
8. What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A. History of Human-Horse Relationship
B. Secrets of Human-Animal Interactions
C. The Role of Trust in Human-Robot Partnerships
D. Horses as the Inspiration for Autonomous Robots
解析：　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，机器人专家从马与人类的关
系中得到研发自主机器人的灵感，接下来重点介绍了其灵感来源以及
未来的研究重点等。因此，D项（马作为自主机器人的灵感来源）最
适合作为文章标题。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2025·福建适应性练习）Ryan’s class at Tully Elementary School
was planning a hike at Falls of the Ohio State Park.But since the site
isn’t wheelchair 　9　， her mother， Shelly， tried to find a way to
make sure she could 　10　.
　　Ryan had missed out on a similar class trip last year as a third
grader.When Shelly 　11　 the upcoming class field trip， she 　12　
began to think about making a plan B. “I was preparing for an
‘alternate field trip day’，” she 　13　 on the “Team Ryan” online
page， 　14　 for her 10-year-old daughter， diagnosed with spina bifida
（脊柱裂） as a baby.
　　That is， until Jim， a teacher at the school， 　15　 to carry Ryan
around on his back all day.This way she could 　16　 explore the fossil
（化石） beds with the rest of her 　17　.He used a special backpack to
carry the 55-pound girl on his back across the park — and the
previously 　18　 Ryan became extremely excited.
　　The 　19　 meant so much to Ryan and her family that Shelly wanted
to get the 　20　 out.Since she posted on the web photos of Jim and Ryan
on the field trip， they have been 　21　 thousands of times.
　　“We are so 　22　 to have a whole school that never makes her feel
left out，” said Shelly.“These beautiful people should be known to the
world， to educate and 　23　 others.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。女孩Ryan因为患有脊柱裂无法参与
学校组织的户外徒步活动，但在Jim老师的帮助下，Ryan能够和其他
同学一起尽情探索公园。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。女孩Ryan因为患有脊柱裂无法参与
学校组织的户外徒步活动，但在Jim老师的帮助下，Ryan能够和其他
同学一起尽情探索公园。
9. A. involved B. present
C. preferable D. accessible
√
解析：　根据第二段的her 10-year-old daughter， diagnosed with
spina bifida （脊柱裂） as a baby可知，Ryan因病坐着轮椅从而不能进
入公园。
10. A. reserve B. witness
C. approach D. participate
解析：　根据下文可知，母亲Shelly在想办法让女儿能够参与到公园
的徒步旅行活动中。
√
11. A. checked out　　B　.learned about
C. put off D. turned down
√
解析：　根据上下文可知，女儿已经错过了一次类似的旅行，因此
母亲Shelly一得知又有机会了便开始想办法。
12. A. casually B. proudly
C. instantly D. accidentally
解析：　参见上题解析。
√
13. A. wrote B. commented
C. responded D. argued
√
解析：　根据上文的I was preparing for an “alternate field trip day”
可知，引号内的内容是母亲Shelly以第一人称的口吻写出来的。
14. A. deleted B. created
C. downloaded D. revealed
解析：　根据语境可知，是母亲Shelly需要为女儿创建一个网页才能
发布求助信息。
√
15. A. offered B. agreed
C. hesitated D. attempted
√
解析：　根据上文可知，母亲Shelly为女儿创建了一个网页发布求助
信息之后，有人主动提出帮助。
16. A. calmly B. secretly
C. extensively D. temporarily
解析：　根据上文的to carry Ryan around on his back all day可知，
Jim老师主动提出将Ryan整天背在背上参加徒步旅行，因此Ryan能够
广泛地参与探索活动。
√
17. A. family B. followers
C. class D. teachers
√
解析：　根据上文的the upcoming class field trip可知，Ryan参加的是
和同学一起进行的班级实地考察。
18. A. nervous B. ashamed
C. troublesome D. heartbroken
解析：　根据上文可知，Ryan以前不能参与班级实地考察，她会感
到非常伤心。
√
19. A. plan B. decision
C. mission D. act
√
解析：　根据上文可知，Jim老师主动提出将Ryan整天背在背上参加
徒步旅行，实现了Ryan的梦想，因此这一举动意义非凡。
20. A. signal B. message
C. anxiety D. intention
解析：　根据下文的she posted on the web photos of Jim and Ryan on
the field trip可知，母亲Shelly将Jim老师背着Ryan参加徒步旅行的照片
发布在网上，也就是将这一消息传播出去，以表示感激之情。
√
21. A. shared B. submitted
C. taken D. confirmed
√
解析：　根据常识可知，Jim老师的事迹会让很多人感动，人们会转
发分享这样温馨感人的故事。
22. A. lucky B. eager
C. willing D. desperate
解析：　根据本句中的have a whole school that never makes her feel
left out可知，整个学校都没有让她感到被冷落，因此她们是幸运的。
√
23. A. recommend B. inspire
C. honor D. understand
解析：　根据上文可知，在Jim老师和学校的帮助下，Ryan实现了梦
想，Shelly希望善良的人们能为处于困境中的人带去激励，感受生活
的美好。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　With an admission letter from Tsinghua University in bag， Yang
Yun， 24. 　　　　　　 has been a postman for 21 years， was
overjoyed to deliver it to 25. 　　　　　　 recipient （接收者） in
Tongliang district of Chongqing — his daughter.
　　“Congratulations to my daughter！ Here is your admission letter
from Tsinghua University. Please sign for it！” Yang Yun said，
26. 　　　　　　 （hand） Tongliang district’s first admission letter
from Tsinghua University this year to his daughter Yang Yu on 27 July.
　　Among the countless mail that Yang Yun delivered， the delivery of
this admission letter was the 27. 　　　　　　 （happy） moment in his
postman career.
　　28. 　　　　　　 （raise） in a common family in a small town，
Yang Yu overcame challenges and worked diligently to become a new
undergraduate in one of the top universities in China.
　　When her family moved to a county， Yang Yu could not catch up
with the new classmates initially， 29. 　　　　　　 her parents
encouraged her to study hard and make progress naturally. With her
perseverance and support from family， Yang Yu gradually gained better
30. 　　　　　　 （result） at school.
　　In her last year in senior high school， the upcoming national college
entrance examination， or gaokao， 31. 　　　　　　 （increase） the
pressure on her studies. However， with her teachers’ encouragement
and her family’s company， the pressure didn’t defeat her. Yang Yu
worked so hard that she improved 32. 　　　　　　 （her） bit by bit
and finally achieved her dream.
　　Yang Yu is looking forward to experiencing the charm of sciences
overlapping with arts， broadening her horizons and finding her
33. 　　　　　　 （academy） study direction in college life.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。杨云是重庆铜梁一位从业21年的邮
递员，2024年他最幸福的事是将一封清华大学录取通知书放入邮差
包，送到自己女儿的手里。
24. who　考查定语从句。关系代词who引导一个非限制性定语从句，
修饰先行词Yang Yun。
25. the　考查冠词。这里特指下文提到的his daughter这个接收者，因
此用定冠词the。
26. handing　考查非谓语动词。此处hand这一动作由逻辑主语Yang
Yun发出，表主动概念，因此用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。杨云是重庆铜梁一位从业21年的邮
递员，2024年他最幸福的事是将一封清华大学录取通知书放入邮差
包，送到自己女儿的手里。
27. happiest　考查形容词的最高级。本空前有定冠词the，再结合语
境可知，这里应用形容词的最高级。
28. Raised　考查非谓语动词。这里动词raise与其逻辑主语Yang Yu之
间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作状语。
29. but　考查连词。本空前后两个分句之间是转折关系，因此用并列
连词but。
30. results　考查名词复数。名词result在表示“成绩”时，应用复数
形式。
31. increased　考查时态。本句时间状语为In her last year in senior high
school，因此这里应用一般过去时。
32. herself　考查代词。这里表示“自我提升”，因此用反身代词
herself。
33. academic　考查词形转换。本空后面是名词study，因此这里应用
形容词作其定语。
演示完毕 感谢观看 !

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