资源简介

UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
写作词汇运用 词块记忆 1.a severe expression 一种严厉的表情 2.subscribe to the view赞成这个观点 3.be suspected of theft 被怀疑有偷窃行为 4.be linked to our school lives 与我们的校园生活相联系 5.a substantial change 重大变化 6.decrease the amount of rubbish减少垃圾的数量 7.my initial plan 我最初的计划 8.with so much solid proof 有这么多确凿的证据 9.be traced back to the Ming Dynasty追溯到明朝 10.as an outstanding scientist 作为一位杰出的科学家 11.a modern abstract painting 一幅现代抽象画 12.a brilliant performance 一场精彩的表演 13.admit one’s faults in public 当众承认自己的过错 14.shift nervously from one foot to another 紧张地从一只脚换到另一只脚 15.have a vivid imagination 拥有丰富的想象力 16.handle n.把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵（车辆、动物、工具等）；（用手）触碰 ①handle conflicts calmly and wisely 冷静且明智地处理冲突 ②handle with care小心搬运 ③turn the handle转动把手
语境记忆 17.besides prep.除……之外（还） adv.而且；此外；furthermore adv.此外；再者 Besides/Furthermore， China’s high-speed railway network has connected various cities effectively， greatly saving travel time and promoting economic development. （2024·全国甲卷） 此外，中国的高速铁路网络有效地连接了各个城市，大大缩短了旅行时间，促进了经济发展。 18.blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责 Rather than blaming the circumstances for his failures， he decided to reflect on his own choices and take ownership of his mistakes.（情感描写） 他没有将失败归咎于环境，而是决定反思自己的选择，并为自己的错误负责。 19.pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料） As students， we can take part by doing small things， such as collecting garbage on the seashore or avoiding pouring waste water into the oceans. （2022·全国甲卷） 作为学生，我们可以通过做一些小事来参与，比如在海边收集垃圾或避免将废水倒入海洋。
阅读词汇明义 快速一览 1.cholera n.霍乱 2.diarrhoea n.腹泻 3.dehydration n.脱水 4.contradictory adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 5.pump n.泵；抽水机；打气筒 6.water pump水泵 7.household n.一家人；家庭；同住一所（套）房子的人 8.raw adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 9.statistic n.[pl.-s] 统计数字；统计资料；统计学 10.epidemiology n.流行病学 11.microscope n.显微镜 12.protein n.蛋白质 13.cell n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房 14.vaccine n.疫苗 15.framework n.框架；结构 16.theoretical framework理论框架 17.rainbow n.彩虹 18.plasma n.血浆 19.aerospace n.航空航天工业 20.patriotic adj.爱国的 21.mechanical adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的 22.mechanic n.机械师；机械修理工
阅读词汇明义 教材例句 23.（外研选择性必修第四册）Speaking of “dirty”， do you know that there are more germs on a coin than on a toilet seat？！ n.微生物；细菌；病菌 24.（外研选择性必修第二册）But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130，000 to around 10，000， it also meant less food for the cats. n.病毒 25.（译林选择性必修第四册）Finally， understand that it is not sufficient to simply know something or to understand what you know， because for knowledge to have concrete value， it must be applied. adj.确实的；具体的
派生词汇识记 1.frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustrate vt.使懊恼；使沮丧→frustration n.沮丧；懊恼；挫败 2.infection n.感染；传染→infect vt.使感染；传染→infectious adj.感染的；传染的 3.proof n.证据；证明；检验→prove vt.证明 link v.证明是 4.intervention n.介入；出面；干涉→intervene vi.干扰；介入 5.pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→purely adv.完全地；纯粹地→purify vt.净化；使……洁净 6.transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变→transformation n.转化；转换；变换；变化 7.thinking n.思想；思维；见解→think v.认为；思考 8.finding n.发现；调查结果；（法律）判决→find v.发现 9.initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→initially adv.最初地
第一组
1.once and for all　 　　 最终地；彻底地
2.subscribe to 同意；赞同
3.thanks to 幸亏；由于
4.break out 突然开始；爆发
5.in charge of 主管；掌管
6.come down with 患（病）；染上（小病）
7.above all 最重要的是；尤其是
8.have an impact on 对……有影响
9.be to blame 负有责任
10.under one’s leadership 在某人的领导下
第二组
1.die from the disease 　 死于疾病
2.in general 总的来说；从总体上看
3.in the early 19th century 十九世纪初
4.through one’s tireless efforts 通过某人不懈的努力
5.overcome some difficulties 克服一些困难
6.receive a hero’s welcome 受到英雄般的欢迎
7.take on the challenge 接受挑战
8.be more likely to get cholera 更有可能得霍乱
1.句式：until引导的时间状语从句
原句：Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world， until a British doctor， John Snow， showed how it could be overcome.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
2.句式：so ... that ...如此……以至于……
原句：He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.
他发现在两条特定的街上霍乱爆发是如此严重，以至于十天内死了500多人。
3.句式：It seems that ...看起来似乎……
原句：It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
看来这位妇女非常喜欢从这个泵中抽取的水，以至于每天都让人把它送到家中。
4.句式：have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
原句：Accordingly， he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.
相应地，他让人把水泵的手柄拆了，这样水泵就不能用了。
5.句式：否定副词与比较级连用表示最高级
原句：Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
6.人物描写
原句：Born in Shanghai in 1911， Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering.
钱学森1911年出生于上海，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，学习铁道机械工程。
3 / 3UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES
写作词汇运用 词块记忆 1.recall the happy days 记起那些快乐的日子 2.grasp my hands tightly紧紧抓住我的手 3.tuition fees and living expenses 学费和生活费 4.It can’t be denied that ...无可否认…… 5.from many different angles 从很多不同的角度 6.welcome sb sincerely 真诚地欢迎某人 7.have a very tight budget预算很紧 8.be confident of a successful outcome 对成功的结果充满信心 9.have a mature and responsible attitude to work 有一种成熟和负责的工作态度 10.with the local tourism booming 随着当地旅游业的蓬勃发展 11.firm n.公司；商行；事务所 adj.结实的；牢固的；坚定的 ①set up a law firm in the center of the city 在市中心开了一家律师事务所 ②as firm as a rock坚如磐石 ③be firm with their children 对他们的孩子要严格 ④hold the firm belief 坚信
语境记忆 12.complex adj.复杂的；难懂的；（语法）复合的 I started with easy items like scarves and gradually moved on to more complex ones like hats and sweaters. （2023·全国乙卷） 我从简单的物品开始，比如围巾，逐渐转向更复杂的物品，比如帽子和毛衣。 13.insight n.洞察力；眼光 As a guest， you are expected to share some of your insights into the way of learning English well. （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷） 作为嘉宾，我们希望你能分享一些你对学好英语的见解。 14.gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加 n.好处；增加 Undoubtedly， I gained numerous knowledge on plants and have become interested in them through this meaningful activity. （2023·1月浙江卷） 毫无疑问，通过这次有意义的活动，我获得了许多关于植物的知识，并对它们产生了兴趣。
阅读词汇明义 快速一览 1.tutor n.（英国大学中的）助教；导师；家庭教师 2.cite vt.引用；引述 3.messenger n.送信人；信使 4.edition n.（报纸、杂志）一份；（广播、电视节目）一期、一辑；版次 5.culture shock文化冲击 6.comfort zone舒适区；舒适范围 7.setting n.环境；背景；（小说等的）情节背景 8.tremendous adj.巨大的；极大的 9.perspective n.（思考问题的）角度；观点 10.envoy n.使者；使节；代表 11.outlook n.前景；可能性；观点 12.belt n.腰带；地带
教材例句 13.（译林选择性必修第三册）In the modern age， through the Belt and Road Initiative， the Silk Road is once again connecting the countries along the ancient trade routes and promoting the exchanges of different civilizations. n.倡议；新方案 14.（外研选择性必修第四册）The dark zones of the oceans may contain up to 90 per cent of the planet’s fish. n.（有别于周围的）地区；地带；区域
派生词汇识记 1.qualification n.（通过考试或学习课程取得的）资格；学历→qualify vt.& vi.（使）具备资格；（使）合格→qualified adj.有资格的；称职的 2.ambition n.追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的 3.adaptation n.适应；改编本→adapt vt.（使）适应；改编 4.comfort n.安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰→comfortable adj.令人舒适的；舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 5.participate vi.参加；参与→participation n.参加；参与→participant n.参与者 6.presentation n.报告；陈述；出示；拿出→present vt.颁发；赠送；呈递 n.礼物 adj.现在的；出席的 7.engage vi.参加；参与（活动） vt.吸引（注意力、兴趣）；（使）参加；雇用→engaged adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的→engagement n.订婚；约定 8.involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；（使）参加→involved adj.参与的；投入的→involvement n.参与 9.motivated adj.积极的；主动的→motivation n.动力；积极性；动机→motivate vt.成为……的动机；激发；激励 10.advisor n.顾问→advise vt.& vi.建议；劝告→advice n.建议；忠告 11.reasonable adj.有道理的；合情理的→reasonably adv.有理地；合理地→reason n.原因；道理 vi.推理 vt.推断→unreasonable adj.不合理的；不公正的 12.expectation n.期望；预期；期待→expect vt.预料；期望 13.applicant n.申请人→apply vi.申请 vt.应用；适用；涂；敷→application n.申请；申请书→app n.应用程序 14.exposure n.接触；体验；暴露；揭露→expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于（险境） 15.departure n.离开；启程；出发→depart vi.& vt.离开；启程；出发 16.behave vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌→behaviour/behavior n.行为；举止 17.surroundings n.[pl.] 环境；周围的事物→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surround vt.包围；围绕 18.depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→depress vt.使沮丧；使忧愁→depression n.沮丧；抑郁 19.strengthen vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固→strong adj.强壮的→strength n.体力；优点 20.optimistic adj.乐观的→optimism n.乐观主义 21.competence n.能力；胜任；本领→competent adj.有能力的；称职的 22.cooperate vi.合作；协作；配合→cooperation n.合作；协作
第一组
1.participate in　　 参加；参与
2.speak up 大声点说；明确表态
3.feel at home 舒服自在；不拘束
4.engage in （使）从事；参与
5.get involved in 参与；卷入；与……有关联
6.cost an arm and a leg （使）花一大笔钱
7.side with 支持；站在……的一边
8.as far as I know 据我所知
9.as far as I am concerned 就我而言；依我看来
10.in summary 总的来说；总之
11.generally speaking 一般来说
第二组
1.say goodbye to her family and friends
告别她的家人和朋友
2.board a plane for London
登上去伦敦的飞机
3.a year-long exchange programme
为期一年的交流项目
4.set up a business 创办企业
5.get used to a whole new life
适应全新的生活
6.be keen to learn about China
渴望了解中国
7.build a bridge between us
在我们之间架起一座桥梁
8.face great economic pressure
面对巨大的经济压力
9.suffer from culture shock
遭受文化冲击
10.encounter problems with personal safety
遇到个人安全问题
11.improve your general competence
提高你的综合能力
12.cooperate with people from diverse cultural backgrounds 与来自不同文化背景的人合作
1.句式： it is/was the first time （that） sb ...这是某人第一次……
原句：It was the first time that she had left China.这是她第一次离开中国。
2.句式：疑问词＋动词不定式
原句：I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn’t know the English names for.
我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英语名字的东西。
3.句式：时间名词作连词
原句：The first time that she had to write an essay， her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas， but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought！
她第一次写论文时，导师跟她解释说，如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明，不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的。
4.句式：find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
原句：At first， Xie Lei had no idea what she should say， but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
刚开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么。但使她惊奇的是，没过几周，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。
5.句式：动词-ing形式作主语
原句：Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives us more insight into our own culture.与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同的视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深的了解。
4 / 4UNIT 3　FOOD AND CULTURE
写作词汇运用 词块记忆 1.a bold young man 一位大胆自信的年轻人 2.be stuffed with books堆满了书 3.look beautiful and elegant看上去美丽优雅 4.a minimum charge最低收费 5.lose one’s temper 发脾气 6.have lunch in the canteen 在食堂里吃午饭 7.set off for the cafeteria 动身去自助餐厅 8.somewhat excited and curious 有点激动和好奇 9.be high in calorie 高卡路里 10. be full of vitamins and fibre 富含维生素和纤维 11.be admitted to an ideal university 被一所理想的大学录取 12.a fundamental key to healthy eating 健康饮食的基本要诀 13.trick n.诀窍；计谋；把戏 vt.欺骗 ①play a trick on sb捉弄某人 ②tell me the trick of making dumplings 告诉我包水饺的诀窍 ③trick sb into doing sth欺骗某人做某事
语境记忆 14.consist vi.组成；在于；一致 The committee consists of five members， each representing a different department. 15.quantity n.数量；数额 They donated a large quantity of books to the local library to support education in the community. 16.overall adv.总体上；大致上 adj.全面的；综合的 Contrary to popular belief， reading the English newspaper Youth doesn’t waste my time； on the contrary， it improves my overall competence. 与普遍的看法相反，读英文报《青春》没有浪费我的时间；恰恰相反，它提高了我的综合能力。
阅读词汇明义 快速一览 1.cuisine n.菜肴；风味；烹饪 2.pepper n.甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉 3.chef n.厨师；主厨 4.peppercorn n.胡椒粒 5.vinegar n.醋 6.slice n.（切下的食物）薄片 vt.把……切成薄片 7.onion n.洋葱；葱头 8.lamb n.羊羔肉；羔羊 9.lamb kebab烤羊肉串 10.dim sum n.点心（中国食品） 11.vegetarian n.素食者 12.junk n.无用的东西 13.junk food （＝junk）垃圾食品 14.garlic n.蒜 15.bacon n.熏猪肉；咸肉 16.sausage n.香肠；腊肠 17.cabbage n.甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜 18.bean curd n.（＝tofu）豆腐 19.olive n.油橄榄；橄榄树 20.dough n.生面团 21.haggis n.（苏格兰）羊杂碎肚 22.bun n.圆面包；小圆甜饼 23.chilli n.（NAmE＝chili）[pl.-es]辣椒 24.pork n.猪肉 25.red braised pork红烧肉 26.pearl n.珍珠 27.vitamin n.维生素 28.dairy adj.奶制的；乳品（业）的 n.乳制品；乳品店；牛奶厂 29.moderation n.适度；合理 30.chew vi.& vt.咀嚼；嚼碎 n.咀嚼
教材例句 31.（外研选择性必修第一册）Like Twain， but on the other side of the world， the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his unique brand of humour. n.品牌 32.（外研选择性必修第一册）To my surprise， she tasted them and said they weren’t bad！ I guess love is indeed a magical ingredient. n.（尤指烹饪）材料；成分 33.（译林必修第三册）She collected over 2，000 traditional Chinese medical recipes for malaria treatment and made hundreds of extracts from different herbs. n.烹饪法；食谱
派生词汇识记 1.prior adj.先前的；优先的→priority n.优先事项；优先权 2.consist vi.组成；在于；一致→consistent adj.一致的；连续的 3.exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的；杰出的→except prep.除……外→exception n.例外 4.consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→consumer n.消费者；用户；客户→consumption n.消费；消耗 5.stable adj.稳定的；稳重的→stability n.稳定（性）；固定（性） 6.association n.协会；关联→associate vt.把……联系起来；交往 adj.副的
第一组
1.prior to　　　　　　 在……之前的
2.consist of 由……组成（或构成）
3.slice ...off 切下
4.regardless of 不管；不顾
5.relate ...to ... 把……与……联系起来
6.in many ways 在许多方面
7.on the other hand 另一方面
8.go hand in hand 手拉手
9.in other words 换言之
10.be up to sb 由某人决定
第二组
1.put more simply 　　 简单地说，简而言之
2.suit American tastes 适合美国人的口味
3.over an open fire 在篝火上
4.make up a healthy diet 构成健康饮食
5.cut down on desserts 少吃甜点
6.cut out sweet drinks 停止喝甜饮料
7.a fundamental rule of maths 一条基本的数学法则
8.a modest amount of food 适量的食物
1.句式：形容词（短语）作状语
原句：Tired， hungry， and not knowing a word of Chinese， we had no idea how to order， so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。
2.句式：what引导主语从句
原句：The food was wonderful and different， but what was even more important was the friendship offered us.食物精美且与众不同，不过更重要的是为我们提供的友情。
3.句式：by the time引导时间状语从句
原句：They had finished their dinner by the time Sam joined them.
当萨姆加入他们时，他们已经吃完饭了。
4.句式：倍数表达法
原句：And in America， people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.
在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。
5.句式：it is up to sb to do sth由某人决定做某事
原句：It is up to you to decide how you want to live， and to make the right decisions about your diet.
由你决定你想要怎样生活，并在你的饮食方面作出正确决定。
3 / 3UNIT 4　JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
写作词汇运用 词块记忆 1.enjoy the awesome scenery 欣赏令人惊叹的风景 2.the highlight of the summer camp 夏令营最精彩的部分 3.a bunch of roses一束玫瑰花 4.be scared by the thunder 被雷声吓了一跳 5.pull back the curtains 拉开窗帘 6.volunteer to enrol in the 800 meters race 自告奋勇去报名参加800米长跑 7.contrary to my initial thought 与我最初的想法相反 8.alongside the coast沿着海岸线 9. proceed to the finals of the competition 进入比赛的决赛 10.at dusk 在傍晚 11.with a thick accent带有浓重的口音 12.toast to freedom为自由干杯 13.bound adj.准备前往（某地）；一定会 vi.跳跃；跳跃着前进 ①be bound to succeed 一定会成功 ②be bound for Shanghai前往上海 ③one’s heart bounds with joy 高兴地心怦怦直跳
语境记忆 14.arise vi.起身；出现；由……引起 The conflict arose from a lack of trust and communication between the two parties. 冲突的产生源于双方之间缺乏信任和沟通。 15.idiom n.习语；成语 This time， we will talk about the origins of some interesting idioms. （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷） 这一次，我们将讨论一些有趣习语的起源。 16.owe vt.欠（账、债、情等）；归因于，归功于 I owe an apology to you for failing to go outing with you this Saturday. （道歉信） 本周六我未能和你去郊游，我得向你道歉。
阅读词汇明义 快速一览 1.airline n.航空公司 2.bay n.（海或湖的）湾 3.literally adv.字面上；真正地 4.massive adj.巨大的； 非常严重的 5.spectacular adj.壮观的；壮丽的；惊人的 n.壮丽的场面；精彩的表演 6.goat n.山羊 7.grizzly bear n.灰熊 8.drill vi.& vt.钻（孔）；打（眼） n.钻（头）；训练；演习 9.mall n.购物商场；购物广场 10.frost n.霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt.使蒙上霜 vi.结霜 11.duration n.持续时间；期间 12.harbour n.（海）港；港口 13.quarry n.采石场 14.steel n.钢；钢铁工业 15.cobblestone adj.铺有鹅卵石的 16.coherent adj.有条理的；清楚易懂的
教材例句 17.（外研选择性必修第三册）What’s more， inspired to follow in his father’s footsteps， Mr Wang’s son now has also taken up repairing antique clocks. adj.古老的；古董的 18.（外研选择性必修第三册）Each generation conscientiously learnt their craft and undertook ambitious projects， many of which took years to complete. n.手艺；工艺；技艺 19.（译林选择性必修第二册）If an advertisement is placed on a popular website or on TV at peak times， a huge number of people will know about the product or service it is advertising. n.顶峰
派生词汇识记 1.pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的→please vt.& vi.（使）高兴；（使）满意→pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→pleasing adj.令人愉快的→pleasure n.快乐；乐趣 2.breath n.呼吸的空气；呼吸→breathe vt.& vi.呼吸 3.freeze vi.& vt.结冰；（使）冻住→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的→frozen adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的 4.astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→astonishing adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishment n.惊讶 5.mist n.薄雾；水汽→misty adj.多雾的；模糊的 6.advertisement n.广告；启事→advertise vi.& vt. （为……）做广告/宣传；征聘 7.photographer n.摄影师；拍照者→photograph n.照片 vi.& vt.（为……）拍照→photography n.摄影；摄影术
第一组
1.take sb’s breath away 令人惊叹
2.freezing cold 极冷的；冻僵的
3.a bunch of 一束；一串；一群；大量
4.contrary to 相反的；相对立的
5.proceed to sth 进而做（参加）
6.owe sth to sb 欠（某人情）；把……归功于某人
7.in contrast to 相比之下
8.go up 上升；增加
9.go downtown 去市区
第二组
1.take a pleasant hike　　　　 进行一次愉快的徒步旅行
2.see spectacular mountain peaks and forests
欣赏壮丽的山峰和森林
3.go through two wheat-growing provinces
穿过两个小麦种植省份
4.stand in the distance 站在远处
5.speak English with an accent 说英语有口音
1.句式：rather than 与其；不愿；而不是，连接两个并列成分
原句：Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way， they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.
没有选择一路坐商务航班旅行，她们决定先飞往温哥华，然后乘坐火车。
2.句式：as引导非限制性定语从句
原句：During their first day， as is typical of Vancouver， it rained.她们在这里的第一天就下雨了，这是温哥华的典型现象。
3.句式：too＋形容词/副词 （＋for sb）＋to do sth
原句：Since it can be too cold to go outdoors， Edmonton is home to many shopping malls.
因为天太冷不能去户外，埃德蒙顿成了许多购物广场的所在地。
4.句式：it is/was not until ... that ...强调句
原句：It was not until 9：30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario， Toronto.直到上午9：30，她们才最终抵达安大略的省会多伦多。
5.读后续写之环境描写
原句：Standing in the distance， they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls， which is on the south side of the lake.
她们站在远处眺望，看到湖的南边从尼亚加拉大瀑布上升腾起的水雾，感到非常震撼。
3 / 3UNIT 5　FIRST AID
写作词汇运用 词块记忆 1.know basic first-aid techniques 了解基本的急救技能 2.an innocent victim 一位无辜的受害者 3.swallow your pride and turn to others for help 放下自尊，向别人求助 4.wrap up the wound 包扎伤口 5.have a hot bath 洗个热水澡 6. slip over on the ice 在冰上滑倒 7.an elderly couple 一对老年夫妇 8.be covered by a carpet of snow 被一层厚厚的雪覆盖 9.call an ambulance 叫救护车 10. slap one’s face hard 狠狠给了某人一个耳光 11.shake one’s fist at sb 朝某人挥舞拳头 12.manage to grab her hand 设法抓住她的手 13.be concerned about the child’s welfare 关心那个孩子的幸福 14.collapse in the street 昏倒在大街上 15.desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的 ①fight a desperate battle to save the little girl’s life 为拯救小女孩的生命而殊死搏斗 ②be desperate for a job 迫切需要一份工作 ③in such a desperate position 处于如此绝望的境地
语境记忆 16.delay vi.& vt.推迟；延期（做某事） vt.耽误；耽搁 n.延误；耽搁（的时间）；推迟 Due to a big storm， my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷） 由于一场大风暴，我的航班被推迟了一个半小时。 17.panic vi.& vt.（使）惊慌n.惊恐；恐慌 Jane got into a panic， and her heart beat so violently that she felt nearly choked. （情感描写） 简陷入恐慌，她的心跳动得如此剧烈，以至于她感觉快要窒息了。 18.scream vi.& vt.（因愤怒或恐惧）高声喊；大声叫 n.尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音 When seeing a hungry grizzly bear walking towards me on a freezing cold winter night， I screamed with horror.在一个寒冷的冬夜，看到一只饥饿的灰熊向我走来，我惊恐地尖叫起来。
阅读词汇明义 快速一览 1.leaflet n.散页印刷品；传单；小册子 2.ray n.光线；光束；（热、电等）射线 3.acid n.酸 adj.酸的；酸性的 4.millimetre n.毫米；千分之一米 5.layer n.层；表层；层次 6.blister n.（皮肤上因摩擦、烫伤等引起的）水疱；（金属等表面的）气泡、水泡 7.underneath prep.& adv.在……底下；隐藏在下面 8.nerve n.神经 9.fabric n.织物；布料；（社会、机构等的）结构 10.paramedic n.急救医生；护理人员 11.bathtub n.浴缸；浴盆 12.IV needle静脉注射针 13.vital sign生命体征 14.ward n.病房 15.sprain vt.扭伤（关节） n.扭伤 16.ankle n.踝；踝关节 17.diner n.（尤指餐馆的）就餐者 18.steak n.牛排；肉排 19.obstruction n.阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物 20.motion n.运动；移动 21.manual n.使用手册；说明书 adj.用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的 22.membership n.会员身份；全体会员；会员人数
教材例句 23.（北师大选择性必修第四册）Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to staging operations to replace diseased organs with donated ones. n.（人或动植物的）器官 24.（外研选择性必修第二册）Fortunately， I have shelter， because the landing capsule protects me from the deadly radiation outside. n.辐射；放射线 25.（外研必修第三册）Living in the open air， we became breakfast， lunch and dinner for the mosquitos. n.蚊子
派生词汇识记 1.minor adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的→minority n.少数；少数民族 2.electric adj.电的；用电的；电动的→electrical adj.与电有关的→electricity n.电；电学 3.swollen adj.（身体部位）肿起的；肿胀的→swell vi.膨胀；肿胀 4.loose adj.松的；未系紧的；宽松的→loosely adv.松散地；粗略地→loosen vi.& vt.（使）变松 5.urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的→urge vt.力劝；敦促；强烈要求 n.强烈的欲望 6.ease vi.& vt.使（宽慰）；减轻；缓解 n.容易；舒适；自在→easy adj.容易的→easily adv.容易地 7.operator n.电话接线员；操作员→operate vt.操作；运转；动手术→operation n.运转；手术 8.bleeding n.流血；失血→bleed vi.流血；失血→blood n.血液；血 9.interrupt vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断→interruption n.打扰 10.practical adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的→practice n.练习；实践；惯例 v.练习→practically adv.几乎；差不多；实际上 11.tightly adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→tight adj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的 adv.紧紧地；牢固地→tighten v.（使）变紧；（使）更加严格
第一组
1.help sb to one’s feet　 帮助某人站起身来
2.face up/down 面朝上（朝下）
3.sleep in 迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉
4.out of shape 健康状况不好
5.stand by 袖手旁观
6.give first aid 实施急救
7.a variety of 各种各样的
8.without delay 马上
第二组
1.a barrier against disease 一道阻挡疾病的屏障
2.control your body temperature 调节你的体温
3.sense of touch 触觉
4.be divided into three types 分为三种类型
5.reduce the pain and swelling　 减轻疼痛和肿胀
6.stick to the burnt skin 粘贴在烧伤的皮肤上
7.within the first ten minutes 在前十分钟内
8.cause infection 造成感染
9.slap the victim’s back 拍打患者的背部
1.句式：as引导非限制性定语从句
原句：As you can imagine， getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.
正如你想象的那样，皮肤烧伤会导致非常严重的伤害。
2.句式：unless引导条件状语从句
原句：Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary， unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
除非衣服粘贴在烧伤的皮肤上，否则都要清除，必要时可使用剪刀。
3.句式：there is a need to do sth有必要做某事
原句：If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns， there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.
如果伤者是二度或三度烧伤，就需要立即送他/她去医院。
4.句式：with复合结构
原句：He was now holding his throat with his face turning red， while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back.他现在正掐着喉咙，脸憋得通红，而绝望的朋友们则拍着他的背。
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