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必修第二册 UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY(二)
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
You’ve probably followed a few cute dogs and cats on social media.However，are you aware that AI-generated pets are also gaining popularity nowadays They are just as adorable as real dogs and cats but also show ①human-like characteristics.
Chai Dada operates an AI-created dog account on a social media platform，attracting over 10,000 followers.Her AI-generated pet Zhuangzhuang is a fluffy Shiba Inu with a big belly who likes to eat and work out.“Zhuangzhuang is actually a mirror of myself，” Chai said.“Its life and mood basically reflect my own.”
In 2023，AI tools fascinated Chai.She used them to create animal characters behaving like humans，sharing them on the social media platform for joy.Zhuangzhuang，the cutest and most representative，captured her heart.
To bring Zhuangzhuang to life，Chai ②places it in various daily life scenarios.For instance，during the recent “hui nan tian”—the super humid(潮湿的) weather in southern China—Chai shared images of Zhuangzhuang mopping a wet floor，with the words，“It’s wet everywhere at home”，vividly capturing the mood.In the comments section，many have expressed sympathy for the poor dog.
“Many scenes may seem ordinary，but when a very lifelike and adorable anthropomorphic(拟人化的) pet appears in these familiar scenes，it looks interesting，” Chai said.Since Zhuangzhuang closely is like a human in a dog’s body，many followers have come to believe in its real existence.This popularity has opened doors for Chai to cooperate with brands for product promotions.Aiming to expand her reach，Chai desires to explore deeper into AI to bring her AI pet to life in videos，not just photos.She has noticed a growing trend of AI pet bloggers，making the competition in this industry fierce.To attract more fans，bloggers are constantly learning more AI skills and brainstorming to create more interesting storylines.“I want to develop Zhuangzhuang into an intellectual property and create related cultural and creative products such as dolls and stickers，” said Chai.
1．What do we know about the AI pet Zhuangzhuang
A．It is a digital recreation of Chai’s childhood.
B．It is a virtual representation of a real Shiba Inu.
C．It ③mirrors the life and personality of its creator.
D．It has gained over one million followers online.
2．Why is the “hui nan tian” example mentioned in the text
A．To show the fun Zhuangzhuang brings to Chai.
B．To describe Zhuangzhuang’s daily struggles.
C．To suggest Zhuangzhuang’s growing fan base.
D．To illustrate how Chai humanizes Zhuangzhuang.
3．What does Chai plan to do
A．Perfect Zhuangzhuang’s features.
B．Cooperate with other AI pet creators.
C．Write a book featuring Zhuangzhuang.
D．Create lifelike videos of Zhuangzhuang.
4．What would be the best title for the passage
A．AI-generated Pets Find Followers
B．The Rise of AI Tools in Creating Animal Characters
C．Zhuangzhuang：a Realistic Dog Captivating Hearts
D．AI Pet Bloggers：Competing for Attention in the Digital World
语境猜词 ①human-like(合)＝human＋like ②place(熟义：n.地方) 生义(文义)： ③mirror(转)n.→v.
B
In a neighborhood in the east of Paris，if you walk out of your front door，you can arrive at a kindergarten in one minute and a bookstore in three minutes.A bakery It’s across the street.Actually，all key things in daily life—work，food，schools and entertainment—are within a 15-minute walk.
This neighborhood was built in this way more than 150 years ago and this old idea of having all important things close by has now evolved into an urban planning model that is gaining popularity around the world.
“A 15-minute city not only improves quality of life，but can also reduce greenhouse gases.Transportation accounts for about 20% of global ①energy-related CO2 pollution，with cars making up almost 10%，” says Carlos Moreno，a professor at University of Paris，who has been helping the city put this idea to use.“Paris should integrate the 15-minute city as part of a broader strategy to get closer to net zero goals.”
Besides reducing greenhouse gases，there are lots of “co-benefits” for people who live in 15-minute cities.Facilities that prioritize walking and biking mean less noise from cars and more safety for the people，less air pollution from cars and daily routines with more walking and biking promote health.Redesigning cities where homes are mixed in with businesses can ②drive more foot traffic to those businesses.
But one challenge to building 15-minute cities across France is financial.Many banks are still unwilling to provide loans for mixed-use developments，because they are still a relatively uncommon way to build communities.Other barriers have to do with parking in a more heavily populated area.The biggest hindrance involves public schools.When couples have kids，they often leave cities for suburbs，which they think have better schools.
“If we want regional ③sustainability，we have to look to these urban places，”Makarewicz says.“But if we want to successfully introduce a 15-minute city approach to an area，we should focus on the way people want to live.”
5．What is a feature of the so-called 15-minute city
A．Better schools are built in the suburbs.
B．People are required to walk or ride bikes.
C．All important daily things are close by.
D．Greenhouse gases are reduced to net zero.
6．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The difficulties of redesigning cities.
B．The benefits of a 15-minute city.
C．The harms of living in big cities.
D．The costs to build 15-minute cities.
7．Which of the following best explains “hindrance” underlined in paragraph 5
A．Failure. B．Plan. C．Change. D．Problem.
8．What is the key to putting Carlos Moreno’s idea into use successfully
A．Urban residents’ acceptance.
B．The available urban space.
C．People’s willingness to lend money.
D．The governmental support.
语境猜词 ①energy-related(合)＝energy＋related ②drive(熟义：v.驾驶) 生义(文义)： ③sustainability(派)＝sustainab(le)＋ility
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·新课标Ⅱ)
①Overtourism Is for Real：How Can You Help
Travel promotes understanding，expands our minds，makes us better people，and boosts local economies and communities，but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 1 Certainly not.The loss of what travel offers would be ②unacceptable in today’s world.Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
·Choose mindfully.Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason：they’re special.With so many online posts featuring the same places，it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out.Go somewhere only when the landscape，culture or food deeply draws you. 2
·Get creative.The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else.Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world，it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.That means you have tons of ③less-visited options to choose from. 3 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights
· 4 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.You’ll compete with fewer tourists，save money，experience a different side of a popular place，and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸)．Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. 5 You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A．Visit during off-peak times.
B．So，should we stop traveling
C．Travel for you and no one else.
D．Can overtourism be avoided then
E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F．You’ll find yourself virtually alone，or close to it.
G．Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
语境猜词 ①overtourism(合)＝over＋tourism ②unacceptable(派)＝un＋accept＋able ③less-visited(合)＝less＋visited
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·广东广州一模)
I was ①heading home after giving my colleague a lift.I took a 1 as the snowstorm was approaching.
Then the snow started and was coming down 2 .Within minutes I was in a white-out.The windows were 3 and getting covered with snow，so I slowed down and rolled down my driver’s side window，thinking I could better 4 the road edge and keep to a straight line.But really，I had no 5 where I was.I stopped and kept the car running to stay 6 .I called 911.The operator told me to ②wait things out for the night.
The call left me in 7 .Breathe，I told myself.An idea occurred to me.I 8 my location online and explained what I was 9 ，wishing for anyone to come to my rescue.Soon enough，people started chiming in on my post.I got a 10 from someone who was going to put me in touch with people nearby.I had never been more 11 .
Then I saw a big 12 in the dark.He had walked about 500 metres to ③get me， 13 the wind and snow each step of the way.“You’ll be OK.Follow me.” He turned around and started to trudge through the snow，sure of the 14 .I drove slowly behind him.When we reached his house，I burst into tears of 15 .
1．A.shortcut B．turn
C．look D．risk
2．A.soon B．fast
C．lightly D．suddenly
3．A.locked B．closed
C．frozen D．broken
4．A.follow B．cover
C．mark D．remember
5．A.plan B．clue
C．doubt D．problem
6．A.awake B．calm
C．warm D．still
7．A.confusion B．trouble
C．embarrassment D．panic
8．A.confirmed B．found
C．posted D．checked
9．A.looking at B．going through
C．searching for D．carrying out
10．A.tip B．view
C．like D．message
11．A.inspired B．relieved
C．convinced D．amazed
12．A.policeman B．creature
C．shadow D．figure
13．A.fighting B．avoiding
C．checking D．reporting
14．A.goal B．danger
C．depth D．direction
15．A.hope B．love
C．gratitude D．pride
语境猜词 ①head(熟义：头部) 生义(文义)： ②wait things out ③get(熟义：得到) 生义(文义)：
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Seated by the Tonghui River that runs across southern Beijing，Banbidian village 1.__________________(take) on a quite different look of quietness and is visited by few people.But 2. (actual) it is not far—about 15 minutes’ drive from the capital city’s central business district 3. ①high-rises are built everywhere.
A major reason is that Banbidian used to have factories which 4. (remove) later，leaving empty workshops and compounds，and also the village is where several railways run through.
Now，people in the village and from art universities are working together 5. (bring) ②dynamism back to Banbidian.The latest effort is Art BBD—Tonghui Riverside Public Art Season.
In cooperation with famous art schools in and outside Beijing，the village committee recently sent out an 6. (invite) to artists around the world,7. (hope) that they could contribute their creativity to enriching Banbidian’s new landscapes.Submissions—works and public art plans—began 8. March 20 and lasted till April 15，and ③finalists joined other works at several outdoor spots.
Art BBD was a cultural brand jointly 9. (launch) by Banbidian and the Central Academy of Fine Arts in 2019 to explore projects and activities that help to turn the village into 10. new destination of creativity.
语境猜词 ①high-rise(合)＝high＋rise ②dynamism(派)＝dynami(c)＋sm ③finalist(派)＝final＋ist
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①adj.像人类的　②v.放置　③反映
B．①adj.与能源相关的　②v.激励　③n.可持续性
Ⅱ.①n.过度旅游　②adj.不能接受的　③adj.游览较少的
Ⅲ.①v.前往　②等待(令人不快的)事情结束　③v.接
Ⅳ.①n.高楼　②n.活力　③n.参加决赛者
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是人工智能宠物在社交媒体上的兴起和受欢迎程度。
1．C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘Zhuangzhuang is actually a mirror of myself，’ Chai said.‘Its life and mood basically reflect my own.’”可推知，人工智能宠物壮壮反映了它的创作者的生活和个性。故选C。]
2．D　[推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“To bring Zhuangzhuang to life，Chai places it in various daily life scenarios.”以及下文举例可推知，文中提到了“回南天”的例子是为了说明Chai如何将壮壮人性化。故选D。]
3．D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Aiming to expand her reach，Chai desires to explore deeper into AI to bring her AI pet to life in videos，not just photos.”可知，她打算制作逼真的壮壮的视频。故选D。]
4．A　[标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了人工智能宠物在社交媒体上的兴起和受欢迎程度，所以A项“AI-generated Pets Find Followers”符合文章主旨，是本文的最佳标题。故选A。]
5．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Actually，all key things in daily life—work，food，schools and entertainment—are within a 15-minute walk.”以及第二段中的“this old idea of having all important things close by has now evolved into an urban planning model”可知，“15分钟城市”的特征是将日常生活所必要的设施都规划在一起。故选C。]
6．B　[段落大意题。根据第四段的主旨句“Besides reducing greenhouse gases，there are lots of ‘co-benefits’ for people who live in 15-minute cities.”及下文的具体介绍可知，本段主要讲了“15分钟城市”带来的好处。故选B。]
7．D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词前“But one challenge to building 15-minute cities across France is financial...Other barriers have to do with parking in a more heavily populated area.”及下文“When couples have kids，they often leave cities for suburbs，which they think have better schools.”可知，第五段主要介绍建设“15分钟城市”会遇到的问题。其中最大的障碍包括公共学校。所以画线单词“hindrance”意为“问题，障碍”。故选D。]
8．A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But if we want to successfully introduce a 15-minute city approach to an area，we should focus on the way people want to live.”可知，想要成功地将“15分钟城市”引入一个地区，必须符合人们想要的生活方式，也就是说获得城市居民的认可。故选A。]
Ⅱ.1.B　2.C　3.E　4.A　5.G
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一场突如其来的暴风雪中迷路并被困在车中，随后通过社交媒体发出求救信号，最终得到一位陌生人的救援，并被引领至安全之地的经历。
1．A　[shortcut近路。根据下文“as the snowstorm was approaching”及“But really，I had no ____ where I was.”可知，由于暴风雪即将来临，作者走了一条近路，结果遇到了麻烦。故选A。]
2．B　[根据下文“Within minutes I was in a white-out.”可知，雪下得很快，故选B。]
3．C　[根据下文“getting covered with snow”可知，此处说的是在暴风雪中车窗被冻住了，故选C。]
4．A　[根据下文“the road edge and keep to a straight line”可知，此处说的是作者沿着路边行驶以保持直行，故选A。]
5．B　[根据下文“I stopped and kept the car running”以及“I called 911.”可知，作者因暴风雪而迷路了，不知道自己在哪里，故选B。]
6．C　[still静止的。根据上文“I stopped and kept the car running”可知，作者停下来但保持汽车运转(开着空调)。由此可知，作者试图通过保持汽车运转的方式保暖，故选C。]
7．D　[根据上文“I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night.”可知，作者向911求救，却被告知要等一晚上，因此感到惊慌失措，故选D。]
8．C　[根据下文“Soon enough，people started chiming in on my post.”可知，作者在网上发布了自己的位置，故选C。]
9．B　[go through经历，遭遇；search for查找；carry out执行。根据下文“wishing for anyone to come to my rescue”可知，作者讲述的是自己正遭遇的事情，故选B。]
10．D　[tip建议，小费。根据下文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，作者收到了一条消息，故选D。]
11．B　[根据上文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，在困境中有陌生人试图帮助作者，这让作者感到如释重负，故选B。]
12．D　[根据下文“in the dark.He had walked about 500 metres to get me”可知，此处说的是一个身形高大的人，故选D。]
13．A　[根据上文“Then the snow started and was coming down ________.Within minutes I was in a white-out.”可知，帮助作者的人顶着暴风雪前来，分析各选项，A项“fighting(与……作斗争)”表达的含义符合语境，故选A。]
14．D　[根据上文“Follow me.”可知，前来帮忙的人知道方向，故选D。]
15．C　[gratitude感激。根据上文“But really，I had no ______ where I was.”以及“When we reached his house”可知，作者在暴风雪中迷路，被陌生人帮助。由此可知，作者心怀感激，故选C。]
Ⅳ.1.takes　2.actually　3.where　4.were removed　5.to bring　6.invitation　7.hoping　8.on　9.launched　10.a必修第二册 UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY(一)
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2023·新课标Ⅰ)
When John Todd was a child，he loved to explore the woods around his house，observing how nature solved problems.A dirty stream，for example，often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.When he got older，John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture，medicine，and fisheries in college，John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat ①cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants，he figured，maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did.He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥)．First，he constructed a series of clear ②fiberglass tanks connected to each other.Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals.He placed them in the tanks and waited.Little by little，these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.After a few weeks，John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years，John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou，a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does.“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to ③self-repair.”
1．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A．He was fond of traveling.
B．He enjoyed being alone.
C．He had an inquiring mind.
D．He longed to be a doctor.
2．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A．To feed the animals.
B．To build an ecosystem.
C．To protect the plants.
D．To test the eco-machine.
3．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A．To review John’s research plans.
B．To show an application of John’s idea.
C．To compare John’s different jobs.
D．To erase doubts about John’s invention.
4．What is the basis for John’s work
A．Nature can repair itself.
B．Organisms need water to survive.
C．Life on Earth is diverse.
D．Most tiny creatures live in groups.
语境猜词 ①cancer-causing(合)＝cancer＋causing ②fiberglass(合)＝fiber＋glass ③self-repair(合)＝self＋repair
B
(2024·安徽二模)
Using hypodermic needles to deliver drugs has been common for more than a century.The past hundred years have seen all manner of medical advances，yet the needle has stayed mostly unchanged.Although now available in a variety of different sizes，it remains a hollow(中空的)，pointy tube.With luck，that may soon change.Researchers around the world are looking for ways to ease the ①passage of needles into the skin.Many have been inspired by nature.
An obvious source of ideas has been mosquitoes，which manage to take their blood meals almost ②painlessly.One reason is that the insects release anaesthetic(麻醉的) chemicals when they first puncture(刺穿) the skin.But another has to do with the shape and action of their mouthparts.
The point of a mosquito’s mouthparts is serrated (锯齿状的) and softer at its tip.The insect stretches the skin of its target before biting，and shakes its mouthparts quickly as it pushes it in.All of this helps to reduce the force needed to puncture the skin.One paper，published in 2020 by a group of researchers in America and China，found that a ③mosquito-inspired needle required 27% less force than an ordinary one.And less puncture force means less pain.
Mosquito-inspired needles might also be useful for delicate procedures such as biopsies(活组织检查)．A paper from the University of Michigan，also published in 2020，found that the lower puncture force led to less movement of the sampling area，ensuring that the needles were guided accurately to the area，rather than missing the target.
For now，such devices remain restricted to labs.But there is a big market for better needles.According to the World Health Organization，around 16bn injections were given in 2018.With one person in four saying they suffer from trypanophobia，or a fear of needles，the savings on stickers and sweets for the brave souls who roll up their sleeves would be considerable.
5．What contributes to mosquitoes’ getting blood without causing pain
A．The sound they make before biting.
B．The special shape of their mouthparts.
C．The high speed of their action.
D．The small size of their mouthparts.
6．What can we learn about the mosquito-inspired needles from the text
A．They have been put on the market.
B．They require more puncture force than the ordinary ones.
C．They cause less pain when getting through the skin.
D．The lower puncture force may cause them to miss the target.
7．What is the author’s attitude towards the mosquito-inspired needles
A．Unclear. B．Tolerant.
C．Doubtful. D．Positive.
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Painless Needles Inspired by Nature
B．The Application of the Mosquito-inspired Needles
C．The Latest Medical Advances Made by Researchers
D．Mosquitoes’ Unique Way to Take the Blood Painlessly
语境猜词 ①passage(熟义：n.章节) 生义(文义)： ②painlessly(派)＝pain＋less＋ly ③mosquito-inspired(合)＝mosquito＋inspired
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Artificial Intelligence (AI) geolocation(人工智能定位技术) solutions are changing the way researchers track and ①monitor wildlife，enabling more powerful conservation efforts.These systems use advanced sensors，satellite imagery，and machine learning algorithms(算法) to gather real-time data on animal movements，habitat preferences，and migration patterns. 1
Traditional tracking methods often rely on ②non-automatic tracking or inconvenient necklace-like systems，which may cause stress and ③discomfort to the animals. 2 The devices can work as tags and the camera traps can be set up remotely，which decreases human impact on wildlife.
In addition，AI-powered devices collect and analyze data precisely.Through their assistance，scientists can gain insights into habitat choices and evaluate the effect of global warming on wild animal locations. 3 For example，by analyzing the collected data，conservationists can promote targeted habitat restoration efforts according to the patterns and connections they discovered with the help of AI geolocation devices.
4 By monitoring animals’ behavioral changes in real-time，researchers can quickly detect signs of environmental issues.Sudden changes in an animal’s movements could indicate threats or problems.Researchers can then respond immediately，potentially saving the animal’s life.
Sharing geolocation data through online platforms can also help raise awareness about protecting endangered species. 5 This help them feel more connected to the issues wildlife face in habitats.The bond promotes a sense of responsibility among individuals and encourages them to contribute to wildlife conservation efforts through various means，such as donations，volunteer work，and so on.
A．This knowledge enables them to make accurate and efficient decisions.
B．However，AI tracking does not require disturbing contact with the animals.
C．AI monitoring needs fewer battery replacements than the traditional methods.
D．The solutions have offered the following key benefits to wildlife conservation.
E．Directly engaging with conservation efforts gives people a first-hand experience.
F．The AI geolocation technology significantly reduces the need for massive fieldwork.
G．With real-time data，the AI solutions also function as an early warning for wildlife risks.
语境猜词 ①monitor(熟义：n.班长) 生义(文义)： ②non-automatic(派)＝non＋automatic ③discomfort(派)＝dis＋comfort
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
In Las Vegas，one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading has led to the creation of a groundbreaking approach in educational technology.Meet Dave Vinzant，father to 8-year-old Aubrie，who 1 difficulties in reading at school.
“It was about ①halfway through the first grade that we realized she couldn’t 2 ，” said Vinzant.Despite their efforts， 3 methods weren’t bringing about the desired results.“The 4 level was really high，” Vinzant recalled.“After an hour of trying to get through a 10－15 page little book，she was 5 .”
Determined to find a solution，Vinzant took matters into his own hands.Although 6 a ②background in computer programming，he made up his mind to develop a tool that could effectively 7 his daughter.The result A free 8 called WordStumble.
WordStumble isn’t 9 any reading app powered by artificial intelligence.The program customizes(定制) stories for each user.“What is 10 is that it can take all of those words that she knows or struggles with and it 11 a customized children’s story，” Vinzant explained.
For Vinzant，the success of WordStumble isn’t just 12 ； he wants to share with others.With his dedication and innovation，Vinzant is not only changing the landscape of reading apps but also giving 13 to countless parents and children facing similar challenges.And as WordStumble continues to 14 ，it’s clear that the power of one person’s passion can make a world of 15 for young learners everywhere.
1．A.dealt with B．ran into
C．got through D．brought about
2．A.smile B．read
C．respond D．jog
3．A.scientific B．alternative
C．creative D．traditional
4．A.surprise B．regret
C．frustration D．pleasure
5．A.crying B．joking
C．dancing D．singing
6．A.providing B．ensuring
C．lacking D．requiring
7．A.persuade B．assist
C．amuse D．rescue
8．A.brochure B．textbook
C．advertisement D．application
9．A.still B．also
C．even D．simply
10．A.familiar B．magical
C．reasonable D．strange
11．A.returns B．remembers
C．spreads D．recalls
12．A.initial B．popular
C．personal D．convenient
13．A.courage B．determination
C．hope D．imagination
14．A.improve B．survive
C．transform D．perform
15．A.instruction B．task
C．memory D．difference
语境猜词 ①halfway(合)＝half＋way ②background(合)＝back＋ground
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Three hundred years ago，merchants from Shanxi Province started a ①daring journey along the ancient tea road，spanning over 10,000 kilometers 1. (introduce) Chinese tea flavors to the world.Unknowingly，they also brought back foreign glassware craftsmanship,2._________________ developed successfully in Qixian county.
There 3. (be) 53 glassware production companies in Qixian at present，making over 8,000 product 4. (variety)．Last year，they produced 250,000 metric tons of ②glassware products valued 5. an estimated 2.3 billion yuan.Its success results from skilled craftsmanship and automation.
The workers’ attention to detail and artistic talent make Qixian’s glassware stand out in a highly 6. (compete) global market.Yet，there is the twin challenge of limited output and high production expenses.
Qixian assigns high-end and personalized creations to skilled craftsmen and leaves 7.__________________(simple) and standardization to the precision of machines.This approach maintains product quality，meets market needs，and preserves 8. unique core that sets them apart.
The journey to transform Qixian’ s glassware companies into ③time-honored brands may be a winding path,9. the persistence and innovation the businesses possess will help them get there 10. (eventual)，said Li Jiansheng，chairman of Qixian Honghai Glass Co. Ltd.
语境猜词 ①daring(派)＝dar(e)＋ing ②glassware(合)＝glass＋ware ③time-honored(合)＝time＋honored
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①adj.致癌的　②n.玻璃纤维　③n.自我修复
B．①n.管路，通道　②adv.无痛地　③adj.受到蚊子启发的
Ⅱ.①v.监视　②adj.非自动的　③n.不舒服；不适
Ⅲ.①adv.到一半，在中途　②n.背景；学历
Ⅳ.①adj.敢于冒险的　②n.玻璃器皿　③adj.历史悠久的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰·托德从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
1．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段可知，当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索他家周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱；根据第二段可知，在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。由此可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。]
2．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“After a few weeks，John added the sludge.”以及第四段中的“The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water.”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。]
3．B　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years，John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou，a city in southeast China.”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示关于约翰想法的一项实际应用。故选B。]
4．A　[推理判断题。根据第一段及最后一段中的“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究人员从自然界中，尤其是从蚊子的口器结构中，汲取灵感来制造无痛针头。
5．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“One reason...But another has to do with the shape and action of their mouthparts.”可知，蚊子在叮咬时几乎不引起疼痛的原因之一是它们在刺穿皮肤时释放麻醉化学物质，但另一个原因与它们口器的形状有关，故选B。]
6．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“One paper...found that a mosquito-inspired needle required 27% less force than an ordinary one.And less puncture force means less pain.”可知，受蚊子启发而制成的针头比普通针头所需的力少27%，穿刺力越小意味着疼痛越少，所以受蚊子启发而制成的针头在穿透皮肤时造成的疼痛更少。故选C。]
7．D　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中“With one person in four saying they suffer from trypanophobia，or a fear of needles，the savings on stickers and sweets for the brave souls who roll up their sleeves would be considerable.”可知，作者对受蚊子启发而制成的针头持积极态度，因为它们可以减少人们对注射的恐惧。故选D。]
8．A　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了研究人员从自然界中寻找灵感，尤其是受到蚊子口器结构的启发，来制造无痛针头，故A项“The Painless Needles Inspired by Nature”最能概括文章主题，适合作文章标题。故选A。]
Ⅱ.1.D　2.B　3.A　4.G　5.E
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位父亲为了帮助女儿赶上学校的阅读学习，为女儿开发了一款帮助阅读的应用程序的故事。
1．B　[deal with处理；run into遭遇；get through熬过；bring about引起。根据上文“one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading”可知，他的女儿遭遇了阅读困难。故选B。]
2．B　[smile微笑；read阅读；respond回答；jog慢跑。根据上文“one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading”可知，他的女儿在阅读方面有困难，故选B。]
3．D　[scientific科学的；alternative可供选择的；creative有创造力的；traditional传统的。根据上文“one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading has led to the creation of a groundbreaking approach in educational technology”可知，传统的方法没有带来预期的结果，由此出现了创新的方法。故选D。]
4．C　[surprise惊讶；regret后悔；frustration挫败；pleasure快乐。根据上文“Despite their efforts，________ methods weren’t bringing about the desired results.”可知，他们没有达到预期的结果，所以会有挫败感。故选C。]
5．A　[cry哭；joke开玩笑；dance跳舞；sing唱歌。根据上文“Despite their efforts，______ methods weren’t bringing about the desired results.”可知，在艰难读完10－15页的书时，由于没达到预期的结果，女儿感到沮丧，于是哭了。故选A。]
6．C　[provide提供；ensure确保；lack缺乏；require要求。根据上文中“Although”和下文中“made up his mind”可知，此处指他虽然缺乏计算机编程的教育背景，但还是下定决心开发一种工具。故选C。]
7．B　[persuade劝说；assist帮助；amuse使开心；rescue营救。根据上文“one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading”可知，此处指他想开发一个能够有效帮助女儿的工具。故选B。]
8．D　[brochure小册子；textbook教科书；advertisement广告；application应用程序。根据下文“any reading app powered by artificial intelligence”可知，他开发的是一个应用程序。故选D。]
9．D　[still仍然；also也；even甚至；simply仅仅。根据下文“The program customizes(定制)stories for each user.”可知，这款应用程序不仅帮助阅读，还可以为每一位使用者量身打造。故选D。]
10．B　[familiar熟悉的；magical神奇的；reasonable合理的；strange奇怪的。根据下文“it can take all of those words that she knows or struggles with and it ________a customized children’s story”可知，这款应用程序能把女儿知道的或不懂的所有单词编造成故事。由此推知，这款应用很神奇。故选B。]
11．A　[return返回；remember记得；spread传播；recall回想起。根据上文“The program customizes(定制) stories for each user.”可知，这款应用程序可以用这些词返还女儿一个定制化的故事。此处return与前面的take相对应。故选A。]
12．C　[initial开始的；popular受欢迎的；personal个人的；convenient方便的。根据下文“he wants to share with others”可知，他想与他人分享，即他认为WordStumble的成功不是个人的。故选C。]
13．C　[courage勇气；determination决心；hope希望；imagination想象。根据上文“For Vinzant，the success of WordStumble isn’t just ______； he wants to share with others.”可知，他想和大家分享这款阅读应用程序，这给那些面临类似挑战的父母和孩子带来希望。故选C。]
14．A　[improve改进；survive幸存；transform转换；perform执行。根据上文“And as WordStumble continues to”及常识可知，应用程序会不断改进。故选A。]
15．D　[instruction指示；task任务；memory记忆力；difference不同。根据语境可知，他为阅读有困难的孩子开发了一款应用程序，帮助孩子们阅读，为他们的生活带来极大的不同。故选D。]
Ⅳ.1.to introduce　2.which　3.are　4.varieties　5.at　6.competitive
7．simplicity　8.the　9.but/yet　10.eventuallyⅠ.阅读单词——会意
1．app　　　　　　　n．应用程序
2．self-focused adj.以自我为中心的；关注自我的
3．download vt.下载
4．avatar n．(网络上代表个人的)头像，虚拟替身，图标
5．identity n．身份；特征
6．2D (2-dimensional) adj.二维的
7．sex n．性别
8．sensible adj.朴素实用的；明智的，合理的
9．blog n．博客；网络日志
vi.写博客
10．hairstyle n．发型，发式
11．virtual adj.虚拟的；模拟的
12．subscribe vi.订阅，订购；(to)同意，赞成
13．VR (Virtual Reality)虚拟现实
14．AR (Augmented Reality)增强现实
15．MR (Mixed Reality)混合现实
16．software n．计算机软件
17．device n．设置，装置
18．mobile device 移动设备
19．button n．按钮；纽扣
20．gender n．性别
21．goods n．商品
22．error n．错误；失误
23．trivial adj.没有什么价值的；微不足道的
24．tablet n．平板电脑；药片；碑，牌
25．emoji n．表情符号
26．thought-provoking adj.发人深省的，令人深思的
27．authority n．权威人士；专家
28．profile n．人物简介；传略
29．sailor n．水手，海员
30．wristband n．腕带
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．impact　　 　　n．影响；作用；冲击(力)，撞击(力)
v．有影响，有作用；冲击，撞击
2．addicted adj.对……着迷的；沉迷的
3．indeed adv.确实；当然
4．super adj.极好的，了不起的
5．image n．图像；形象
6．fancy adj.花哨的，别致的；奢华的，奢侈的；昂贵的
vt.想要，想做；倾慕；认为；想象
7．experiment vi.& vt.做试验，进行实验
n．实验
8．nowadays adv.现今，现时
9．selection n．选择；供选择的同类物品
10．type vi.& vt.打；打字
n．类型，种类
11．cheat vt.欺骗；欺诈
vi.作弊
n．欺骗行为；骗子
12．view vt.看；把……视为；观看
n．(一次)观看；观点，见解，看法；视野；景色，风景
13．latest adj.最新的；最近的
14．reality n．现实；真实
15．account n．账户；账目；描述，报道
vi.(for)(数量、比例上)占；是……的原因，解释
16．ensure vt.确保，保证
17．material n．材料；素材
18．confirm vt.确认；证实
19．replace vt.取代；接替；把……放回原处
20．hug n．& vt.拥抱；紧抱
21．content n．内容；目录；含量；满意，满足
adj.满意的；满足的
v．(使)满足
22．shallow adj.肤浅的，浅薄的
23．percent n．百分比；百分数
24．opinion n．意见；看法；主张
25．maintain vt.保持；维持；维修；保养
26．smartphone n．智能手机
27．brief adj.简洁的，简明的
28．series n．系列
29．author n．作者，作家
30．amazing adj.了不起的；惊人的
31．policy n．政策，方针
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．enable vt.使可能，使发生；使能够→able adj.有能力的，能干的→disable vt.使残疾；使失去能力→disabled adj.残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n．伤残；障碍
2．convenience n．方便，便利→convenient adj.方便的，便利的→inconvenient adj.不方便的
3．personality n．个性，性格→personal adj.个人的→person n．人
4．trick vt.欺骗，诱骗，哄骗 n．诀窍，技巧；花招，骗局；戏法→tricky adj.难对付的，棘手的
5．alarm vt.使惊恐，使担心 n．恐慌；警报；警报器；闹钟→alarming adj.使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的→alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的
6．obviously adv.显而易见地，明显地→obvious adj.明显的
7．concern n．担忧，忧虑 vt.与……有关；使担心→concerned adj.关切的，关心的；担心的；有关的→concerning prep.关于
8．powerful adj.效能高的；强有力的；强壮的；有权势的→power n．能力；力量；权力；电力供应→powerless adj.无力的
9．press vt.按；催促，逼迫 n．按，压；出版社；(the press)新闻界→pressure n．压力
10．deliver vi.& vt.递送；传送；发表；接生→delivery n．递送；配送；分娩
11．harm n．& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的；导致损害的→harmless adj.无害的
12．argument n．论点；论据；争论；争辩→argue v．争论；劝说；主张
13．rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的→reward vt.& n．报答；回报；奖励
14．basis n．基础；基点；基准；准则→base n．基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基础→basic adj.基础的；基本的→basically adv.基本上
15．focus vi.& vt.集中(注意力) n．焦点→focused adj.注意力集中的
16．limiting adj.局限的，限制性的→limit vt.& n．限制→limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的；无尽的→limitation n．限制，制约
17．optional adj.可选择的；非强制的→option n．选择
18．fantasy n．幻想，想象；幻想作品→fantastic adj.极好的
19．privacy n．隐私；私密→private adj.私人的；秘密的→privately adv.私下地；秘密地
20．digitise vt.把……转变成数字形式，使……数字化→digital adj.数字的；数码的→digit n．数字
21．recommendation n．建议，提议；推荐→recommend vt.建议；推荐
22．admit vi.& vt.承认；接纳；准许……进入；接收→admitted adj.被承认了的→admittedly adv.(尤用于句首)诚然，无可否认→admission n．承认；准许进入；入场费；录取，录用
23．accommodation n．住处；住宿；工作场所→accommodate vt.为……提供住宿；容纳
24．concentrate vi.专注，专心；集中注意力→concentration n．专注；集中→concentrated adj.集中的
25．addition n．增添；添加→add v．增添；增加；补充说；(使)相加→additional adj.附加的；额外的；追加的→additionally adv.除此之外；此外
26．location n．位置；地点→located adj.位于→locate vt.找出……的位置；使……坐落(于)
27．accessible adj.可进入的；易懂的；易得到的；平易近人的→access n．通路，入径；接触的机会 v．到达，进入；访问；获取(计算机数据)
28．variety n．多样化，变化→various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的→vary vi.不同；变化→varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的→variable adj.可变的
29．favour n．恩惠；善意的行为；支持vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有利于→favourable adj.支持的；赞许的；有利的→unfavourable adj.不宜的；不顺利的
30．explore vt.探究；探讨；探险→explorer n．探险家；考察者→exploration n．探险；探索
31．creativity n．创造力；独创性→create vt.创造→creative adj.创造性的→creatively adv.创造性地
32．effect n．效应；影响；效果→effective adj.有效的；产生预期效果的；起作用的
33．imaginary adj.想象的，虚构的→imagine v．想象→imagination n．想象(力)；创造力→imaginative adj.富于想象力的；创新的
积累——构词法　学一法　会一类
1．形容词后缀-ible/-able表示“能……的；具有……性质的”。如sense→sensible，access→accessible，comfort→comfortable，enjoy→enjoyable，change→changeable，horror→horrible，terror→terrible。
2．名词后缀-or/-er表示“从事某种职业的人”。如sail→sailor，play→player，teach→teacher，act→actor，direct→director。
3．后缀-ive/-ative/-itive
(1)形容词后缀，意为“有……性质的、有……作用的、有……倾向的”。如imagine→imaginative，defense→defensive。
(2)名词后缀，可表示人或物。如native，alternative, negative。这类含有-ive后缀的名词也多数都具有对应的形容词意义。如conservative，作名词意为“保守派”，作形容词意为“保守的”。
(1)While they didn’t get the gold medal，it was a very ____________(credit) result for the team.
(2)There is no denying that successful businesses are highly ____________(adapt) to economic changes.
(3)You can depend on it that he can help you out of difficulty and after all，he is a ____________(rely) person.
(4)All of these devices can help the ____________(operate) maintain a good flight position.
(5)He is a good ____________(observe) who is accurate，patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes.
(6)____________(extend) research has been done into this disease and it is hoped that a cure for the illness will be found.
(7)He suddenly became very ____________(talk)，his face slightly flushed，his eyes much brighter.
(8)He wishes the government would be more _____________(attend) to detail in their response.
1．birthrate/'b θreIt/n.出生率
2．life expectancy预期寿命
3．harsh/hɑ /adj.严厉的，苛刻的；艰苦的
4．lenient/'li ni nt/adj.宽大的，仁慈的
5．rebellious/rI'belj s/adj.叛逆的；造反的
6．disobedience/ dIs 'bi di ns/n.不顺从，不服从，违抗
7．frustrating/fr 'streItI /adj.令人懊丧的，令人懊恼的
8．precedent/'presId nt/n.先例，前例
9．productivity/ pr d k'tIv ti/n.生产率；生产量，生产力
10．stroke/str k/n.中风
11．diabetes/ daI 'bi ti z/n.糖尿病
12．dementia/dI'men /n.痴呆
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．be addicted to沉迷
2．a variety of各种各样的
3．enable sb to do...使某人能够做……
4．instead of代替，而不是
5．more than多于；不仅仅；非常
6．look forward to盼望，期盼
7．point out指出
8．more or less或多或少
9．be concerned with关心……
10．in addition除此之外
11．focus on关注
12．compare to与……相比
13．not necessarily 不一定
14．stay in touch with 和……保持联系
15．on the move 在行进中；在移动中
16．on the basis of根据；以……为基础
17．share sth with sb和某人分享某物
18．care for照顾；喜欢
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．These digital identities，known as avatars，are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves.(过去分词短语作后置定语)
这些数字身份，被称作“虚拟形象”，是人们利用互联网进行交流和表达自己的关键部分。
2．While the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also harm friendships.(while引导让步状语从句)
虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近，但它也会损害友谊。
3．According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.(it 作形式宾语)
根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
4．You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.(“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句)
无论你在哪里，在做什么，都可以和朋友保持联系。
5．To me，this is a very thought-provoking argument，as it points out the benefits of online friendships.(as 引导原因状语从句)
对我来说，这非常发人深省，因为它指出了线上友谊的好处。
6．That’s why I believe that books about foreign cultures or imaginary worlds are the best！(That is why...)
那就是为什么我认为关于外国文化或想象世界的书是最好的！
体验——析真题长句　知高考难度
(2024·新课标Ⅰ)These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens，and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change，I wanted to know：Are they usable
[句式分析]　本句是由and连接的__________句。在第一个分句中，that...specimens是__________从句，修饰先行词the primary data；在第二个分句中，since引导__________从句，how引导________从句。
[尝试翻译]　
Nowadays，it is not unusual for a person to have such mobile devices as a smartphone or a tablet，which have a full impact on people.Obviously，social apps on them enable you 1.____________________(do) a variety of things.For example，by simply pressing buttons，you can buy super goods，ask for recommendations on hairstyles，subscribe to newspapers，and even download the latest learning materials.Some educational apps are viewed as powerful tools,2.____________ makes a series of famous teachers’ amazing thought-provoking lessons accessible to ordinary students.3.__________ these apps have indeed brought people so much convenience and have had a positive effect，we have to admit they can harm us beyond argument.Firstly，students are so addicted to social media 4.__________ neither can they concentrate on their learning nor can they explore the real world.Secondly，some are only concerned with their shallow online 5.____________(popular) and don’t maintain the rewarding friendships in reality,6.____________(make) them self-focused.In addition，people are likely to be tricked if they are too trusting(轻信的)．Evil people might create false identities and they often have several virtual avatars of different 7.____________(type)，such as sensible ones，good-looking ones and fancy ones.One cheat might be chatting with you under different images.8.________________(consequent)，do remember to protect your privacy and don’t tell your bank account to anyone unless his identity has been confirmed.Lastly，some blogs deliver 9.________________ (healthy) contents on purpose.In brief，nothing is 100 percent good.In my opinion，you must ensure that you focus on your online safety when these apps 10.________(use)．
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
admit vi.& vt.承认；接纳；准许……进入；接收 [admitted adj.被承认了的 admittedly adv.(尤用于句首)诚然，无可否认 admission n．承认；准许进入；入场费；录取，录用]
admit (to) doing/having done sth承认做过某事 admit sb/sth to be承认某人/物是…… admit (that)承认…… be admitted to/into被接收(入学/入院/入党等)；被……录取
(1)Gordon says the super HUNCH program indeed has an amazing impact on college ____________(admit) and practical life skills.
(2)(读后续写之情绪描写)他含着眼泪承认他在期末考试中使用最新的移动设备作弊了，并保证再也不会这样做了。
With tears in his eyes，he admitted ______________________________________________ using the latest mobile device and he promised that never would he do that again.
(3)(应用文写作之祝贺信)得知你已被北京大学——一所公认的中国顶尖大学——录取，我写信向你表示诚挚的祝贺。
Learning that _____________________________________________________________，I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you.
concern n．担忧，忧虑 vt.与……有关；使担心 (concerned adj.关切的，关心的；担心的；有关的 concerning prep.关于)
show/express concern for/about对……表示担忧/关切 as far as...be concerned就……而言 be concerned about对……担心/关心 be concerned with关心……；与……有关
(1)The instant I heard that my partner was ill，I was _____________(concern) about him.To express my concern ____________ him，I bought some fruits and strode to the hospital.(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
(2)我写信是想邀请你参加我们关于如何提高英语写作的在线谈话。在我看来，作为一个母语为英语的人，你可以给我们一些实用的建议。(2022·北京，书面表达)
I am writing to invite you to our online talk ______________________________________.
________________________________________________________________________，as a native speaker，you can offer us some sensible recommendations.
view vt.看；观看；把……视为 n．(一次)观看；观点，见解，看法；视野；景色，风景
view...as...认为……是…… in view of鉴于；由于；考虑到 in one’s view(＝from one’s point of view) 在某人看来 come into view进入视野；看得见 have a good view of清楚地看到；饱览
(1)As soon as I pressed the button，a beautiful virtual picture came ____________ view.
(2)最后简爬到了顶端，在那里她可以清楚地看到山脉和森林。
Finally，Jane climbed to the top where she could ____________________________________.
(3)考虑到我家庭的窘境，我最终决定上交我挣的所有的钱，因此我疾步跑回家，想着爸爸一定会认为我是一个体贴的孩子。(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)
__________________________________________________________________，I finally determined to hand in all the money I earned，so I sprinted home，thinking that my father would definitely ________________________________________________.
(4)(读后续写之升华句)尽管这个礼物不值多少钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来，真正重要的是其中所包含的爱。
Although this present isn’t worth much，I value it very much.__________________________.(强调句型)
favour n．恩惠；善意的行为；支持 vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有利于 (favourable adj.支持的；赞许的；有利的 unfavourable adj.不宜的；不顺利的)
ask sb a favour＝ask a favour of sb 求某人帮一个忙 do a favour for sb＝do sb a favour帮某人一个忙 owe sb a favour欠某人一个人情 in favour of赞成；支持 in sb’s favour对某人有利
(1)In reality，I am ____________ favour of the creative suggestion on how to create a ____________(favour) learning environment in our class.
(2)当我请出租车司机帮个忙时，他毫不犹豫地帮助了我，我感动得一句话也说不出来了。我欠他一个人情。(2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
When I _______________________________________________________________________，he assisted me without hesitation and so moved was I that I couldn’t utter a word；I _______________________________________________.
(3)(应用文写作之求助信)我写这封信是希望您能够就即将到来的面试帮助我。在您的帮助下，整个形势会对我有利。
I’m writing this letter in the hope that ___________________________________________.With the help of you，the whole situation will ______________________________________________.
harm n．& vt.伤害；损害(harmful adj.有害的；导致损害的harmless adj.无害的)
do harm to sb＝do sb harm伤害某人 There is no harm in doing...做……无害处。 be harmful to对……有害
(1)我很高兴收到你的电子邮件说你已经决定摆脱对电子游戏的瘾，它对你有害。(2022·天津4月，书面表达)
How delighted I am to receive your e-mail saying that you have determined to get rid of your addiction to video games，_________________________________________________.
(2)我的老师给了我一个鼓励的微笑，说：“在我看来，参加写作比赛并没有什么坏处。”(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
My teacher cast me an encouraging smile，saying，“In my opinion，____________________________________________________________________________________________________________.”
argument n．论点；论据；争论；争辩(argue v．争论；劝说；主张)
beyond argument 无可争辩 argue with sb about/over sth与某人争论某事 argue for/against (doing) sth据理支持/反对(做)某事 argue sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事 argue that...提出理由说明；主张……
(1)(话题写作之在线学习)最近，我们学生就我们是否应该在线学习互相争论。一方面，一些学生支持在线学习。他们说明自己可以接触到各种各样的资源。此外，无可争辩的是，他们可以在任何时间和地点学习。另一方面，其他人因为网上的太多不健康信息而反对在线学习。
Recently we students have _______________________________________________ whether we should study online.On the one hand，some students ________________________________.They ________________________ they can be exposed to a variety of resources. In addition，it is ____________________________________that they can study at any time and place.On the other hand，others ________________________ online learning on account of too much unhealthy information on the Internet.
(2)令我非常高兴的是，我终于说服了大卫参加越野跑，它被认为是一项有益的活动。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
To my great joy，I finally ______________________________________________________，which was viewed as a rewarding activity.
replace vt.取代；接替；把……放回原处
replace A with/by B　用B替代A take the place of＝take one’s place取替；替代 in place of＝instead of代替
(1)在老师的鼓励和指导下，我内心的紧张和恐惧终于被对写作比赛的兴趣所取代。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
With my teacher’s encouragement and guidance，my inner nervousness and fear ___________ interest in the writing contest.
(2)(议论文写作之新技术的利弊)如今，已经证实智能手机和平板电脑不能完全取代老师。
Nowadays it has been confirmed that smartphones and tablets __________________.
(3)首先，为了建设绿色北京，我们应该呼吁人们使用公共交通工具代替私家车。(2023·北京，书面表达)
First and foremost，to build a Green Beijing，we ought to appeal to people to use public transportation ________________________________________________________________.
rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的(reward vt.& n．报答；回报；奖励)
reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事而奖励/酬谢某人 reward sb with sth用某物奖励/回报某人 in reward for为奖励……；为报答…… as a reward for作为对……的奖励/回报
(1)I hugged him tightly，whispering，“You will be rewarded ____________ your generosity in the future.”
(2)通过这次有益的经历，除了服务时间，我得到了更有价值的回报：每一个微小的善举都会产生影响。(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)
Through ______________________________________________________________，apart from the service hours，I ______________________________________： Every small action of kindness makes an effect.
(3)我转身向出租车司机挥手告别，心里想着我要给他买一份礼物，以回报他对我的慷慨帮助。(2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
I turned around and waved goodbye to the taxi driver，thinking in my mind that I would buy him a gift ________________________________________________________________________.
basis n．基础；基点；基准；准则(base n．基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基础 basic adj.基础的；基本的 basically adv.基本上)
on the basis of在……的基础上 on a daily/regular basis每天/定期 base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上 be based on/upon以……为根据/基础
(1)(应用文写作之告知信)I am writing to inform you of some ____________(base) table manners，which can ensure that your visit to your friend is enjoyable.
(2)正如你在短视频中看到的，英语口语社的成员养成了每天用英语彼此交流的习惯。基于大量的练习，他们逐渐讲出了一口流利的英语。(2022·天津6月，书面表达)
As you see in the short video clip，Spoken English Club members make it a habit to communicate with each other in English __________________._________________________________，they have gradually spoken fluent English.
focus vi.& vt.集中(注意力) n．焦点 (focused adj.注意力集中的)
focus(...)on/upon...(把……)集中于…… the focus of ……的焦点/中心
(1)____________(focus) and delighted，I chose to paint a beautiful sunset casting its glow over trees against the sky.(2024·新课标Ⅰ & Ⅱ，应用文写作)
(2)(应用文写作之建议信)Take a deep breath and relax yourself instead of focusing your attention ____________ what brings you stress，and you will fall asleep soon.
(3)头发打结，南瓜肉盖着鼻子，我成了观看这条发布在网上的视频的那些人关注的焦点。(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)
Hair in knots and nose covered by pumpkin pulp，I _____________________________ of those who viewed the video posted online.
(4)(读后续写之动作描写)那么多眼睛盯着我，我的脸涨得通红，开始结结巴巴地进行我的演讲。
With so many eyes ________________________________________________，I blushed and began to stumble over my speech.
用法点拨　表示“集中注意力/精力于……”的短语还有be absorbed in，put one’s heart into，be buried in，apply oneself to等。
While 引导让步状语从句　 While the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also harm friendships.虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近，但它也会损害友谊。
while既可用作连词，也可用作名词。 表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句； 表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though或although； 表示“而；却”，是并列连词，构成并列句； 用作名词，表示“一会儿；一段时间”。
(1)正如古老谚语所说：“趁热打铁。”
As the old saying goes，“__________________________________________________________.”
(2)(读后续写之升华句)尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么，但我们可以用决心和爱指引自己。
______________________________________________________________________________，we can guide ourselves with determination and love.
(3)参观这次展览的时候，我们不仅可以欣赏民间艺术品，而且可以学到很多东西。
________________________________________________________________________，we can not only enjoy the folk artworks but also learn a lot.
(4)根据上面的图表，18%的学生更喜欢阅读英语书籍，而12%的学生访问英语学习网站。(2022·全国乙，书面表达)
On the basis of the above chart，__________________________________________.
用法点拨　(1)while表示“虽然”时，不和连词but连用。
(2)while还可以引导省略结构，后直接跟现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。
it 作形式宾语　According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语，构成的句型主要有： consider/think/suppose/feel/find/make/believe＋ it＋adj./n.＋to do sth/that... like/dislike/hate/love/appreciate/enjoy/prefer＋ it＋when/if从句 take it for granted that...认为……理所当然 owe it to sb that...把……归功于某人 see to it that...确保…… depend/rely on it that...指望……
(1)The author’s brief introduction made it possible for us _______________________(learn) about the content of the book.
(2)我曾经理所当然地认为父母应该在我需要的时候给我钱，但在那个时候我觉得我有责任为家庭尽我的一份力。
I used to ____________________________________________________________ whenever I needed it，but at that point __________________________________________________________ for the family.(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)
(3)如果您能考虑我关于如何改善我们英语口语学习氛围的建议，我将不胜感激。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
__________________________________________________________________________________ on how to improve the learning atmosphere of our oral English.
(4)如果你和父母推心置腹地谈谈，我可以确保他们会允许你自己做饭的。(2024·上海6月，书面表达)
I can ___________________________________________________________________________ if you have a heart-to-heart talk with them.
(5)他被认为是一个活雷锋，很明显，你可以相信他会在必要的时候帮助你。(2023·天津3月，书面表达)
He is viewed as a living Lei Feng and obviously，you can _________________________ whenever necessary.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
1．The wealthy lady fancied① wearing a simple black dress，nothing fancy②，and she didn’t want to eat at fancy③ restaurants with fancy④ prices.So you couldn’t fancy⑤ what kind of person she was.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
⑤________________
2．Not only does the teenager cheat① old people out of money but he also cheats② in examinations.The teenage cheat③ will be punished for his cheat④.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
3．In my view①，to view② the best view③，we must climb to the top of the mountain，which is viewed④ as the highest one in our province.Then，we posted some breathtaking photos we shot online，which unexpectedly gained 10,000 views⑤.In conclusion，the mountain-climbing activity not only broadened our view⑥ but also strengthened our body.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
⑤________________　⑥________________
4．With content①，I am reading the table of contents②，the preface，the chapter heading，etc.The main content③ of the book is introducing the sugar or salt content④ of daily foods and I am so content⑤ with the book that I decide to buy it without hesitation.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
⑤________________
5．I am writing to inform you of some tricks① of getting along well with others.What is the most significant is that you should never play tricks② on those around you.Meanwhile，never trick③ others by telling lies.
①________________　②________________
③________________
6．My alarm① went off at five and I suddenly saw the smoke rising from the kitchen，which alarmed② me so much that I screamed.Then I sounded the alarm③.
①________________　②________________
③________________
7．We three gained access① through a side door into an Internet bar，where we could get access② to computers.We instantly accessed③ the Internet，accessed④ information we needed，and then left as quickly as possible.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.In general，adults’ words and behavior have great effects ____________ their children.
2．He swallowed hard and finally admitted to ________________________(make) such a serious mistake.
3．Learning that he was no longer in favor __________ the project，I was heartbroken and disappointed.
4．As far as I’m _________(concern)，it is not appropriate to wear jeans for such an important occasion.
5．Red roses represent love，while yellow roses are often viewed ____________ a symbol of friendship.
6．He felt ____________(power) when he failed after making all efforts to realize his dream.
7．On the ____________(base) of the current political affairs，the authorities have determined to take the following effective measures.
8．Being addicted to alcohol did harm ____________ his health and he passed away because of cancer.
9. Immediately the retired man got access __________ the free Wi-Fi，he was attached to it.
10．Because there were more female guests in the party，the host replaced beer ____________ soft drinks thoughtfully.
11．Though teaching the teenagers takes much energy and patience，I find it ____________(reward) and meaningful.
12．I was tricked ____________ selling my treasure at a low price and tears of sadness rolled down my cheeks.
13．Now that the retired couple have more spare time，they can focus their attention ____________ cuisine to satisfy the appetite of their grandson.
14．Since I was fortunate to get the job，I would concentrate ____________ doing the job perfectly.
15．The old man found ____________ impossible to get rid of his accent thoroughly.
2024·天津3月 ,假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，一位外国游客近日在网站上发布短视频，赞叹中国科技在中国人购物、旅游、学习等方面的广泛应用，一名网友 Chris在评论区询问是否属实，请你根据以下提示留言： 1 回答他短视频内容确实属实； 2 介绍科技在你的生活中的应用； 3 邀请外国友人来亲身体验。
完成句子
1．作为一名来自中国的高中生，我可以保证你在视频中所看到的是完全正确的。(see to it that...)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．毫无疑问，随着信息技术的快速发展，中国的生活方式正在经历重大变化。(beyond argument)
________________________________________________________________________
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3．基于购物应用程序和人工智能技术，人们不仅可以购买自己想要的东西，还可以虚拟“试穿”衣服或鞋子。(basis；not only...but also...的倒装句)
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4．一些传统的教科书被智能的教科书取代，而且学生可以听著名教育家的精彩讲座，极大地促进了教育平等。(replace；access；现在分词短语作状语)
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5．虽然你已经看到了中国取得的巨大科技进步，但我仍然强烈建议你到中国来，亲身体验这些进步。(while引导让步状语从句)
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组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
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教材语料整合
亮词 [动作描写]　admit；trick；experiment；type；cheat；view；press；deliver；hug；concentrate；focus
[人物描写]　self-focused；addicted；sensible；powerful；concerned；creative；imaginary；accessible
美句 1.However，nearly all avatars are tall，young and nice-looking，so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life.(外貌描写) 2．The avatars in online worlds can talk，walk and fly around，meet people，go shopping and attend classes.(动作描写) 3．Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.(情感描写)
拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：尴尬与羞愧
单词 awkward adj.令人尴尬的，使人难堪的→awkwardness n．尴尬；难堪　embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情→embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人难堪的；令人窘迫的→embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的 ashamed adj.感到羞愧，感到羞耻→shame n．羞愧，羞耻
词块 blush/flush with embarrassment/shame因尴尬/羞愧而脸上发红　blood rushes to one’s face 脸通红　in an embarrassed voice/tone用一种尴尬的声音/语气　hear the embarrassment in one’s voice 听到某人声音中的尴尬　give an embarrassed cough尴尬地咳了一声　hang/drop/lower/bow one’s head in shame/embarrassment 羞愧/尴尬地低下头　an awkward/embarrassed silence/moment/pause尴尬的沉默/一瞬/停顿　one’s face burns/cheeks brun(尴尬得)脸发烫
句型 So ashamed did she feel that she was close to tears.(倒装句)她感到非常羞愧，几乎要哭了。 Feeling terribly embarrassed，she could even feel the blood rushing to her face.(现在分词短语作状语) 她感到非常尴尬，甚至能感觉到血液涌到脸上。 She felt ashamed of her foolish behavior，with her face burning with shame.(with的复合结构) 她为自己的愚蠢行为感到羞愧，羞愧得脸发烫。 All the air seemed to disappear and she felt as if the whole world were watching her.(夸张句) 所有的空气似乎都消失了，她觉得仿佛整个世界都在看着她。 He lowered his head and hesitated for a moment，wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment.(现在分词短语作状语)他低下头，犹豫了一会儿，想知道如何掩饰内心的尴尬。
语料运用　主题：从虚拟到现实
①____________________________________(形容词作状语)，my husband tapped me on the shoulder，begging me not to be addicted to the online game，but I just looked over my shoulder and shrugged my shoulders，②________________________________________________(现在分词短语作状语)．One day when I looked through my web feed，a friend’s post popped up.She wrote，“Let go of anything unrealistic and all activities that do not mirror your brightest intentions for yourself.” The post touched my soul so much that I felt ashamed of my foolish behavior，③____________________________________________________________(with复合结构)．Finally，④_______________________________________________________________(倒装句)．My husband sat next to me and hugged me tightly，comforting me.I snuggled up against his shoulder，murmuring ⑤___________________________________________________________，“I will focus on our real life instead of the virtual world from now on.”
我丈夫既担心又焦虑，轻拍我的肩膀，恳求我不要再沉迷于在线游戏，但我只是回头耸耸肩，无视他明智的建议。有一天，当我浏览我的网页推送时，一个朋友的帖子弹出。她写道：“放弃任何不现实的事情，放弃所有不能反映你最光明的意图的活动。”这篇帖子深深地触动了我的灵魂，我为自己的愚蠢行为感到羞愧，羞愧得脸都发烫。最后，我羞愧得几乎要掉眼泪了。我丈夫坐在我旁边，紧紧地拥抱着我，安慰我。我依偎在他的肩膀上，用尴尬的声音喃喃自语：“从现在开始，我要把精力集中在我们的现实生活，而不是虚拟世界。”
答案精析
排查·基础知识
积累
(1)creditable　(2)adaptable　(3)reliable　(4)operator
(5)observer　(6)Extensive　(7)talkative　(8)attentive
体验
并列复合　定语　原因状语　宾语　这些观察现在多于来自实体标本的原始数据，由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种对全球变化的反应，我想知道：它们可用吗？
词汇串记
1．to do　2.which　3.While/Though/Although　4.that
5．popularity　6.making　7.types　8.Consequently
9．unhealthy　10.are used
突破·核心考点
1．(1)admissions　(2)(to) cheating/having cheated/that he had cheated in the end-of-term examination　(3)you have been admitted into/to Peking University (which/that is) admitted widely to be a top university in China
2．(1)concerned；for/about　(2)concerning/which is concerned with how to improve English writing；As far as I am concerned
3．(1)into　(2)have a good view of the mountains and forests
(3)In view of my family’s awkward situation；view me as a caring child　(4)From my point of view/In my view，it’s the love contained in it that really counts
4．(1)in；favourable　(2)asked the taxi driver a favour/asked a favour of the taxi driver；owed him a favour　(3)you can do me a favour/do a favour for me with my coming interview；be in my favour
5．(1)which does you harm/is harmful to/does harm to/harms you　(2)there is no harm in entering a writing contest
6．(1)argued with each other about/over；argue for studying online；argue that；beyond argument；argue against
(2)argued David into taking part in the cross-country run
7．(1)were finally replaced with/by　(2)can’t replace/take the place of teachers/take teachers’ place completely　(3)in place of/instead of private cars
8．(1)for　(2)the rewarding experience；was rewarded with something more valuable　(3)in reward for/as a reward for his generous help to me
9．(1)basic　(2)on a daily basis；On the basis of/Based on/upon much practice
10．(1)Focused　(2)on/upon　(3)became the focus of the attention　(4)focused on/upon me
11．(1)Strike while the iron is hot　(2)While we can’t predict what will happen in the future　(3)While (we are) visiting this exhibition　(4)18% of the students prefer to read English books while 12% access English learning websites
12．(1)to learn　(2)take it for granted that parents should give me money；I felt it my duty to do my part　(3)I would appreciate it if you could consider my suggestions　(4)see to it that your parents will allow/permit you to cook on your own　(5)depend/rely on it that he will come to your aid
基础达标
Ⅰ.1.①vt.想要，想做　②adj.花哨的，别致的　③adj.奢华的，奢侈的　④adj.昂贵的　⑤vt.想象
2．①vt.欺骗　②vi.作弊　③n.骗子　④n.欺骗行为
3．①n.观点，见解，看法　②vt.看　③n.景色，风景　④vt.把……视为　⑤n.(一次)观看　⑥n.视野
4．①n.满意，满足　②n.目录　③n.内容　④n.含量　⑤adj.满意的，满足的
5．①n.诀窍，技巧　②n.花招，骗局　③vt.欺骗，哄骗
6．①n.闹钟　②vt.使惊恐，使担心　③n.警报
7．①n.通路，入径　②n.接触的机会　③v.访问　④v.获取(计算机数据)
Ⅱ.1.on/upon　2.making/having made　3.of　4.concerned
5．as　6.powerless　7.basis　8.to　9.to 　10.with/by　11.rewarding　12.into　13.on/upon　14.on/upon　15.it
提升·写作能力　应用文增分练
参考范文
I noticed your message posted below the video clip.Being a senior high school student from China，I can see to it that what you have witnessed in the video is entirely accurate.
It is beyond argument that with the rapid development of information technology，lifestyles in China are undergoing significant changes.For example，on the basis of shopping apps and AI technology，not only can people purchase what they desire but also they can “try on” clothes or shoes virtually.Additionally，some traditional textbooks are replaced by intelligent ones，and students gain access to awesome lectures from famous educators，greatly promoting educational equality.
As far as I am concerned，while you have seen the tremendous scientific and technological progress China has made，I still highly recommend that you visit China and experience these advancements firsthand.Just as the old saying goes，“Only by tasting a pear can you learn its flavor.”
Looking forward to your response.
续写积累提能练
①Concerned and anxious　②ignoring his sensible advice
③with my face burning with shame　④so ashamed did I feel that I was close to tears　⑤in an embarrassed voice(共133张PPT)
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
必修第二册　 UNIT 4
内容索引
排查基础知识
突破核心考点
提升写作能力
排查基础知识
Part One
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
n.应用程序
adj.以自我为中心的；关注自我的
vt.下载
n.(网络上代表个人的)头像，虚拟替身，图标
n.身份；特征
adj.二维的
1
app
2
self- focused
3
download
4
avatar
知识速记
5
identity
6
2D (2- dimensional)
n.性别
adj.朴素实用的；明智的，合理的
n.博客；网络日志
vi.写博客
n.发型，发式
adj.虚拟的；模拟的
vi.订阅，订购；(to)同意，赞成
7
sex
8
sensible
9
blog
10
hairstyle
11
virtual
12
subscribe
(Virtual Reality)虚拟现实
(Augmented Reality)增强现实
(Mixed Reality)混合现实
n.计算机软件
n.设置，装置
移动设备
n.按钮；纽扣
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VR
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AR
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MR
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software
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device
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mobile device
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button
n.性别
n.商品
n.错误；失误
adj.没有什么价值的；微不足道的
n.平板电脑；药片 ；碑，牌
n.表情符号
adj.发人深省的，令人深思的
20
gender
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goods
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error
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trivial
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tablet
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emoji
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thought- provoking
n.权威人士；专家
n.人物简介；传略
n.水手，海员
n.腕带
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authority
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profile
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sailor
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wristband
n.影响；作用；冲击(力)，撞击(力)
v.有影响，有作用；冲击，撞击
adj.对……着迷的；沉迷的
adv.确实；当然
adj.极好的，了不起的
n.图像；形象
adj.花哨的，别致的；奢华的，奢侈的 ；昂贵的
vt.想要，想做；倾慕；认为；想象
1
impact
2
addicted
3
indeed
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
4
super
5
image
6
fancy
vi.& vt.做试验，进行实验
n.实验
adv.现今，现时
n.选择；供选择的同类物品
vi.& vt.打；打字
n.类型，种类
7
experiment
8
nowadays
9
selection
10
type
vt.欺骗；欺诈
vi.作弊
n.欺骗行为；骗子
vt.看；把……视为；观看
n.(一次)观看；观点，见解，看法；视野 ；景色，风景
adj.最新的；最近的
n.现实；真实
12
view
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latest
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reality
11
cheat
n.账户；账目；描述，报道
vi.(for)(数量、比例上)占；是……的原因，解释
vt.确保，保证
n.材料；素材
vt.确认；证实
vt.取代；接替；把……放回原处
n.& vt.拥抱；紧抱
16
ensure
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material
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confirm
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replace
15
account
20
hug
n.内容；目录 ；含量 ；满意，满足
adj.满意的；满足的
v.(使)满足
adj.肤浅的，浅薄的
n.百分比；百分数
n.意见；看法；主张
vt.保持；维持；维修；保养
n.智能手机
22
shallow
23
percent
24
opinion
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maintain
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content
26
smartphone
adj.简洁的，简明的
n.系列
n.作者，作家
adj.了不起的；惊人的
n.政策，方针
28
series
29
author
30
amazing
31
policy
27
brief
1
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
enable vt.使可能，使发生；使能够
→able adj.有能力的，能干的
→disable vt.使残疾；使失去能力
→disabled adj.残疾的；丧失能力的
→disability n.伤残；障碍
2
3
convenience n.方便，便利
→convenient adj.方便的，便利的
→inconvenient adj.不方便的
personality n.个性，性格
→personal adj.个人的
→person n.人
5
4
trick vt.欺骗，诱骗，哄骗 n.诀窍，技巧 ；花招，骗局；戏法
→tricky adj.难对付的，棘手的
alarm vt.使惊恐，使担心 n.恐慌；警报；警报器 ；闹钟
→alarming adj.使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的
→alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的
7
6
obviously adv.显而易见地，明显地
→obvious adj.明显的
concern n.担忧，忧虑 vt.与……有关；使担心
→concerned adj.关切的，关心的；担心的；有关的
→concerning prep.关于
9
8
powerful adj.效能高的；强有力的；强壮的；有权势的
→power n.能力；力量；权力；电力供应
→powerless adj.无力的
press vt.按；催促，逼迫 n.按，压；出版社 ；(the press)新闻界
→pressure n.压力
11
10
deliver vi.& vt.递送；传送；发表 ；接生
→delivery n.递送；配送；分娩
harm n.& vt.伤害；损害
→harmful adj.有害的；导致损害的
→harmless adj.无害的
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12
argument n.论点；论据；争论；争辩
→argue v.争论；劝说；主张
rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的
→reward vt.& n.报答；回报；奖励
15
14
basis n.基础；基点；基准；准则
→base n.基地，大本营 ；基础 vt.以……为基础
→basic adj.基础的；基本的
→basically adv.基本上
focus vi.& vt.集中(注意力) n.焦点
→focused adj.注意力集中的
16
limiting adj.局限的，限制性的
→limit vt.& n.限制
→limited adj.有限的
→limitless adj.无限的；无尽的
→limitation n.限制，制约
17
18
optional adj.可选择的；非强制的
→option n.选择
fantasy n.幻想，想象；幻想作品
→fantastic adj.极好的
19
20
privacy n.隐私；私密
→private adj.私人的；秘密的
→privately adv.私下地；秘密地
digitise vt.把……转变成数字形式，使……数字化
→digital adj.数字的；数码的
→digit n.数字
21
22
recommendation n.建议，提议；推荐
→recommend vt.建议；推荐
admit vi.& vt.承认；接纳 ；准许……进入；接收
→admitted adj.被承认了的
→admittedly adv.(尤用于句首)诚然，无可否认
→admission n.承认；准许进入；入场费 ；录取，录用
23
24
accommodation n.住处；住宿；工作场所
→accommodate vt.为……提供住宿；容纳
concentrate vi.专注，专心；集中注意力
→concentration n.专注；集中
→concentrated adj.集中的
25
addition n.增添；添加
→add v.增添；增加；补充说 ；(使)相加
→additional adj.附加的；额外的；追加的
→additionally adv.除此之外；此外
26
27
location n.位置；地点
→located adj.位于
→locate vt.找出……的位置；使……坐落(于)
accessible adj.可进入的；易懂的 ；易得到的；平易近人的
→access n.通路，入径；接触的机会
v.到达，进入；访问 ；获取(计算机数据)
28
variety n.多样化，变化
→various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的
→vary vi.不同；变化
→varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的
→variable adj.可变的
29
30
favour n.恩惠；善意的行为；支持 vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有利于
→favourable adj.支持的；赞许的；有利的
→unfavourable adj.不宜的；不顺利的
explore vt.探究；探讨；探险
→explorer n.探险家；考察者
→exploration n.探险；探索
31
32
creativity n.创造力；独创性
→create vt.创造
→creative adj.创造性的
→creatively adv.创造性地
effect n.效应；影响；效果
→effective adj.有效的；产生预期效果的；起作用的
33
imaginary adj.想象的，虚构的
→imagine v.想象
→imagination n.想象(力)；创造力
→imaginative adj.富于想象力的；创新的
1.形容词后缀- ible/ -able表示“能……的；具有……性质的”。如sense→ sensible，access→accessible，comfort→comfortable，enjoy→enjoyable，change→changeable，horror→horrible，terror→terrible。
2.名词后缀- or/ -er表示“从事某种职业的人”。如sail→sailor，play→player，teach→teacher，act→actor，direct→director。
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
3.后缀- ive/ -ative/ -itive
(1)形容词后缀，意为“有……性质的、有……作用的、有……倾向的”。如imagine→imaginative，defense→defensive。
(2)名词后缀，可表示人或物。如native，alternative, negative。这类含有- ive后缀的名词也多数都具有对应的形容词意义。如conservative，作名词意为“保守派”，作形容词意为“保守的”。
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
(1)While they didn’t get the gold medal，it was a very (credit) result for the team.
(2)There is no denying that successful businesses are highly _________
(adapt) to economic changes.
(3)You can depend on it that he can help you out of difficulty and after all，he is a (rely) person.
(4)All of these devices can help the (operate) maintain a good flight position.
creditable
adaptable
reliable
operator
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
(5)He is a good (observe) who is accurate，patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes.
(6) (extend) research has been done into this disease and it is hoped that a cure for the illness will be found.
(7)He suddenly became very (talk)，his face slightly flushed，his eyes much brighter.
(8)He wishes the government would be more (attend) to detail in their response.
observer
Extensive
talkative
attentive
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
birthrate/'b θreIt/ n.出生率
life expectancy 预期寿命
harsh/hɑ / adj.严厉的，苛刻的；艰苦的
lenient/'li ni nt/ adj.宽大的，仁慈的
rebellious/rI'belj s/ adj.叛逆的；造反的
disobedience/ dIs 'bi di ns/ n.不顺从，不服从，违抗
1
3
——背选修词汇
拔高词汇
2
4
5
6
frustrating/fr 'streItI / adj.令人懊丧的，令人懊恼的
precedent/'presId nt/ n.先例，前例
productivity/ pr d k'tIv ti/ n.生产率；生产量，生产力
stroke/str k/ n.中风
diabetes/ daI 'bi ti z/ n.糖尿病
dementia/dI'men / n.痴呆
7
9
——背选修词汇
拔高词汇
8
10
11
12
1
2
be addicted to 沉迷
a variety of 各种各样的
enable sb to do... 使某人能够做……
instead of 代替，而不是
more than 多于；不仅仅；非常
look forward to 盼望，期盼
point out 指出
more or less 或多或少
3
4
5
6
Ⅳ.背核心短语
7
8
be concerned with 关心……
in addition 除此之外
focus on 关注
compare to 与……相比
not necessarily 不一定
stay in touch with 和……保持联系
on the move 在行进中；在移动中
on the basis of 根据；以……为基础
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
share sth with sb 和某人分享某物
care for 照顾；喜欢
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1
These digital identities，known as avatars，are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves.(过去分词短语作后置定语)
这些数字身份，被称作“虚拟形象”，是人们利用互联网进行交流和表达自己的关键部分。
While the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also harm friendships.(while引导让步状语从句)
虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近，但它也会损害友谊。
2
3
According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.(it 作形式宾语)
根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.(“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句)
无论你在哪里，在做什么，都可以和朋友保持联系。
4
5
To me，this is a very thought -provoking argument，as it points out the benefits of online friendships.(as 引导原因状语从句)
对我来说，这非常发人深省，因为它指出了线上友谊的好处。
That’s why I believe that books about foreign cultures or imaginary worlds are the best！(That is why...)
那就是为什么我认为关于外国文化或想象世界的书是最好的！
6
(2024·新课标Ⅰ)These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens，and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change，I wanted to know：Are they usable
[句式分析]　本句是由and连接的 句。在第一个分句中，that...specimens是 从句，修饰先行词the primary data；在第二个分句中，since引导 从句，how引导 从句。
[尝试翻译]　___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________？
并列复合
定语
原因状语
体验 —— 析真题长句　知高考难度
这些观察现在多于来自实体标本的原始数据，由于我们越来越
宾语
多地使用观察数据来研究物种对全球变化的反应，我想知道：它们可用吗
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.self -focused adj.__________________________
2.download vt._____
3.identity n.___________
4.sensible adj.___________________________
5.blog n._______________
vi.______
以自我为中心的；关注自我的
下载
身份；特征
朴素实用的；明智的，合理的
博客；网络日志
写博客
默写
词汇句型巩固(默写练习一) 词汇默写
6.hairstyle n.___________
7.virtual adj.______________
8.subscribe vi.__________________________
9.software n.___________
10.mobile device ________
发型，发式
虚拟的；模拟的
订阅，订购；(to)同意，赞成
计算机软件
移动设备
Ⅱ.重点单词
1. v.冲击(力)，撞击(力)；影响；作用
v.有影响，有作用；冲击，撞击
2. adv.确实；当然
3. adj.极好的，了不起的
4. n.图像；形象
5. vi.& vt.做试验，进行实验
n.实验
6. adv.现今，现时
impact
indeed
super
image
experiment
nowadays
7. n.选择；供选择的同类物品
8. vi.& vt.打；打字
n.类型，种类
9. vt.欺骗；欺诈
vi.作弊
n.欺骗行为；骗子
10. adj.最新的；最近的
selection
type
cheat
latest
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1. n.个性，性格
→ adj.个人的
→ n.人
2. vt.欺骗，诱骗，哄骗
n.诀窍，技巧；花招，骗局；戏法
→ adj.难对付的，棘手的
personality
personal
person
trick
tricky
3. vt.使惊恐，使担心
n.恐慌；警报；警报器；闹钟
→ adj.使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的
→ adj.担心的；害怕的
4. adv.显而易见地，明显地
→ adj.明显的
alarm
alarming
alarmed
obviously
obvious
5. vt.按；催促，逼迫
n.按，压；出版社；新闻界
→ n.压力
6. n.& vt.伤害；损害
→ adj.有害的；导致损害的
→ adj.无害的
press
pressure
harm
harmful
harmless
Ⅳ.拔高词汇
1.birthrate n._______
2.rebellious adj._______________
3.precedent n.___________
4.stroke n._____
5.dementia n._____
出生率
叛逆的；造反的
先例，前例
中风
痴呆
Ⅴ.核心短语
1. 沉迷
2. 各种各样的
3. 代替，而不是
4. 多于；不仅仅；非常
5. 或多或少
6. 盼望，期盼
7. 指出
8. 使某人能够做……
9. 关心……
be addicted to
a variety of
instead of
more than
more or less
look forward to
point out
enable sb to do...
be concerned with
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Even if the teenager is faced with an situation，he still looks forward to making a impression on people，so the expert willingly does him a .(favour)
2.Immediately he came to ，he carried out the most __________
policies to thoroughly transform the company.(power)
3.For reasons，our school organizes of activities throughout the academic year， from basketball matches to English speech competitions.(vary)
favourable
favour
power
powerful
various
unfavourable
varieties
词汇句型巩固(默写练习一) 语境运用
默写
varying
4.It was for me to accompany you to the nearby studio yesterday afternoon and I wonder if it is for you on Friday morning.Please reply at your earliest .(convenient)
5.The (effect) measures taken by the government on the eve of the Spring Festival have already had great effects people’s life.
6.The man made great efforts to all the goods free of charge within 48 hours.(deliver)
7.Mr White lost his patience and set about with his wife but ___________couldn’t solve their problem.(argue)
inconvenient
convenience
effective
on/upon
delivery
convenient
deliver
arguing
arguments
8.A terrible traffic accident the man two years ago and he suffered from his .However，to his joy，his new facility _________him to be able (walk) better.(able)
9.The public are about food safety，because it ___________
people’s health.It is hoped that the authorities can really do something about the issue public health.(concern)
10.From my point of view，a artist should have and imagination which can help him awesome works____________.
(create)
disabled
enables
to walk
disability
concerns
concerned
concerning
creative
creativity
(to) create
creatively
Ⅱ.单句写作，补全短文(微写作)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.我们承认，网络学习使学生更容易获得有益的在线课程，但是许多学生沉迷于网络游戏，这对他们的身心健康有害。(it作形式宾语) It is beyond argument that online learning has become an important way to learn，but it has both advantages and disadvantages.We admit that online learning 1.________________
________________________________________，but many students are addicted to online games，which does harm to their physical and mental health.
makes it easier for
students to have access to beneficial online courses
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
2.虽然这个问题很难处理，但我们没有必要太担心它。(while引导让步状语从句) 3.在我看来，在网上获得的优秀学习资源使我们更有效地学习。(过去分词短语作后置定语) 2._______________________________
_______，there is no need for us to be too concerned about it.From my point of view，excellent learning resources 3._____________ enable us to study more efficiently.All in all，whether we can be smart online learners depends on ourselves.
While the problem is difficult to
handle
gained online
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.button n.___________
2.gender n._____
3.trivial adj.__________________________
4.error n.__________
5.tablet n.______________________
6.authority n._______________
按钮；纽扣
性别
没有什么价值的；微不足道的
错误；失误
平板电脑；药片；碑，牌
权威人士；专家
默写
词汇句型巩固(默写练习二) 词汇默写
7.profile n.______________
8.emoji n.________
9.thought -provoking adj._______________________
10.wristband n.____
人物简介；传略
表情符号
发人深省的，令人深思的
腕带
Ⅱ.重点单词
1._______ vt.确保，保证
2.___________ n.智能手机
3._______ vt.确认；证实
4._______ vt.取代；接替；把……放回原处
5._______ adj.肤浅的，浅薄的
6._______ n.意见；看法；主张
ensure
smartphone
confirm
replace
shallow
opinion
7.________ vt.保持；维持；维修；保养
8._____ adj.简洁的，简明的
9.______ n.作者，作家
10.______ n.政策，方针
maintain
brief
author
policy
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1. n.幻想，想象；幻想作品
→ adj.极好的
2. vi.& vt.集中(注意力)
n.焦点
→ adj.注意力集中的
3. n.位置；地点
→ adj.位于
→ vt.找出……的位置；使……坐落(于)
fantasy
fantastic
focus
focused
location
located
locate
4. adj.可选择的；非强制的
→ n.选择
5. adj.想象的，虚构的
→ v.想象
→ n.想象(力)；创造力
→ adj.富于想象力的；创新的
6. vt.把……转变成数字形式，使……数字化
→ adj.数字的；数码的
→ n.数字
7. n.住处；住宿；工作场所
→ vt.为……提供住宿；容纳
optional
option
imaginary
imagine
imagination
imaginative
digitise
digital
digit
accommodation
accommodate
Ⅳ.拔高词汇
1.harsh adj._______________________
2.disobedience n.______________________
3.productivity n._______________________
4.diabetes n._______
5. adj.令人懊丧的，令人懊恼的
严厉的，苛刻的；艰苦的
不顺从，不服从，违抗
生产率；生产量，生产力
糖尿病
frustrating
Ⅴ.核心短语
1. 与……相比
2. 不一定
3. 和……保持联系
4. 在行进中；在移动中
5. 根据；以……为基础
6. 除此之外
7. 关注
8. 和某人分享某物
compare to
not necessarily
stay in touch with
on the move
on the basis of
in addition
focus on
share sth with sb
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He had to that it was through great efforts that he finally gained __________to the Buckingham Palace.(admit)
2.The young man was as manager of the big company thanks to the letter of the kind- hearted retired professor.(recommend)
3.Many are the unknown area and their _____________
may thoroughly change our former opinion of the place.(explore)
admission
recommended
recommendation
explorers
admit
exploring
exploration(s)
词汇句型巩固(默写练习二) 语境运用
默写
4.My father walked downstairs and told me to protect others’
_______.(private)
5.Though I was not with money，I felt it to take part in the awesome event.(reward)
6.In class，the naughty boy in school uniform has little power of _____________(concentrate).As a result，he can not concentrate what his teacher says.
7.I attach great value to free Internet at home，which is a huge step in making online education to everybody.(access)
privately
rewarded
rewarding
concentration
on
privacy
access
accessible
8.The sign “＋” stands for and you should add the first number ___the second one. ，you can use the sum to subtract the third number.(add)
9.We based our theory practice，considering some (base) factors.
10.To achieve our goal is not easy.For one thing，time is .For another，lacking money is also a factor.(limit)
addition
Additionally
to
on/upon
basic
limited
limiting
Ⅱ.单句写作，补全短文(微写作)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.因为现代农民使用尖端技术和设备进行农业生产，效率大大提高，国家的粮食安全得到了保证。(as 引导原因状语从句) Dear Mike，
Learning you’re going to sign up for the short video competition with the theme of “Amazing China”，I’m writing to share my ideas with you.
If I were you，I would not hesitate to shoot a short video about China’s intelligent agriculture.1.___________
________________________________________________________________________，the efficiency is greatly improved and the country’s grain security is guaranteed.
farmers use cutting- edge technologies and devices for
As modern
agricultural production
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
2.因此，这就是中国农业巨大变化将对观众有很大吸引力的原因。(That is why...) 3.无论你拍什么，我真诚地希望你的参赛作品在比赛中脱颖而出！(no matter＋特殊疑问词) Therefore,2.___________________________
_______________________________________________________________.
3. ，I sincerely hope that your entry will stand out in the competition!
Yours，
Li Hua
changes in Chinese agriculture will hold
that’s why the enormous
much appeal for the viewers
No matter what you shoot
Nowadays，it is not unusual for a person to have such mobile devices as a smartphone or a tablet，which have a full impact on people.Obviously，social apps on them enable you 1. (do) a variety of things.For example，by simply pressing buttons，you can buy super goods，ask for recommendations on hairstyles，subscribe to newspapers，and even download the latest learning materials.Some educational apps are viewed as powerful tools,2. makes a series of famous teachers’ amazing thought- provoking lessons accessible to ordinary students.
to do
which
词汇串记
3. these apps have indeed brought people so much convenience and have had a positive effect，we have to admit they can harm us beyond argument.Firstly，students are so addicted to social media 4. neither can they concentrate on their learning nor can they explore the real world.Secondly，some are only concerned with their shallow online 5. (popular) and don’t maintain the rewarding friendships in reality,6. (make) them self -focused.In addition，people are likely to be tricked if they are too trusting(轻信的).
While/Though/Although
that
popularity
making
Evil people might create false identities and they often have several virtual avatars of different 7. (type)，such as sensible ones，good-looking ones and fancy ones.One cheat might be chatting with you under different images.8. (consequent)，do remember to protect your privacy and don’t tell your bank account to anyone unless his identity has been confirmed.Lastly，some blogs deliver 9.___________ (healthy) contents on purpose.In brief，nothing is 100 percent good.In my opinion，you must ensure that you focus on your online safety when these apps 10. (use).
返 回
types
Consequently
unhealthy
are used
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
突破核心考点
Part Two
vi.& vt.承认；接纳；准许……进入；接收 [admitted adj.被承认了的 admittedly adv.(尤用于句首)诚然，无可否认 admission n.承认；准许进入；入场费；录取，录用]
admit
admit (to) doing/having done sth承认做过某事
admit sb/sth to be承认某人/物是……
admit (that)承认……
be admitted to/into被接收(入学/入院/入党等)；被……录取
1
(1)Gordon says the super HUNCH program indeed has an amazing impact on college (admit) and practical life skills.
admissions
(2)(读后续写之情绪描写)他含着眼泪承认他在期末考试中使用最新的移动设备作弊了，并保证再也不会这样做了。
With tears in his eyes，he admitted _____________________________
________________________________________using the latest mobile device and he promised that never would he do that again.
(3)(应用文写作之祝贺信)得知你已被北京大学——一所公认的中国顶尖大学——录取，我写信向你表示诚挚的祝贺。
Learning that _______________________________________________
______________________________________________________，I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you.
(to) cheating/having cheated/that
he had cheated in the end- of -term examination
you have been admitted into/to Peking University
(which/that is) admitted widely to be a top university in China
concern
·show/express concern for/about对……表示担忧/关切
·as far as...be concerned就……而言
be concerned about对……担心/关心
be concerned with关心……；与……有关
n.担忧，忧虑
vt.与……有关；使担心 (concerned adj.关切的，关心的；担心的；有关的 concerning prep.关于)
(1)The instant I heard that my partner was ill，I was (concern) about him.To express my concern him，I bought some fruits and strode to the hospital. (2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
2
concerned
for/about
(2)我写信是想邀请你参加我们关于如何提高英语写作的在线谈话。在我看来，作为一个母语为英语的人，你可以给我们一些实用的建议。
(2022·北京，书面表达)
I am writing to invite you to our online talk _____________________________
________________________________. ，as a native speaker，you can offer us some sensible recommendations.
concerning/which is concerned
with how to improve English writing
As far as I am concerned
view
·view...as...认为……是……
·in view of鉴于；由于；考虑到
in one’s view(＝from one’s point of view) 在某人看来
come into view进入视野；看得见
have a good view of清楚地看到；饱览
vt.看；观看；把……视为n.(一次)观看；观点，见解，看法；视野；景色，风景
(1)As soon as I pressed the button，a beautiful virtual picture came ___
view.
into
3
(2)最后简爬到了顶端，在那里她可以清楚地看到山脉和森林。
Finally，Jane climbed to the top where she could ___________________
_______________________.
(3)考虑到我家庭的窘境，我最终决定上交我挣的所有的钱，因此我疾步跑回家，想着爸爸一定会认为我是一个体贴的孩子。
(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)
_____________________________________，I finally determined to hand in all the money I earned，so I sprinted home，thinking that my father would definitely_______________________.
the mountains and forests
In view of my family’s awkward situation
have a good view of
view me as a caring child
(4)(读后续写之升华句)尽管这个礼物不值多少钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来，真正重要的是其中所包含的爱。
Although this present isn’t worth much，I value it very much.________
_____________________________________________________________.
(强调句型)
point of view/In my view，it’s the love contained in it that really counts
From my
favour
ask sb a favour＝ask a favour of sb 求某人帮一个忙
do a favour for sb＝do sb a favour帮某人一个忙
owe sb a favour欠某人一个人情
in favour of赞成；支持
in sb’s favour对某人有利
n.恩惠；善意的行为；支持
vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有利于 (favourable adj.支持的；赞许的；有利的 unfavourable adj.不宜的；不顺利的)
(1)In reality，I am favour of the creative suggestion on how to create a (favour) learning environment in our class.
in
4
favourable
(2)当我请出租车司机帮个忙时，他毫不犹豫地帮助了我，我感动得一句话也说不出来了。我欠他一个人情。 (2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
When I ，he assisted me without hesitation and so moved was I that I couldn’t utter a word；I .
(3)(应用文写作之求助信)我写这封信是希望您能够就即将到来的面试帮助我。在您的帮助下，整个形势会对我有利。
I’m writing this letter in the hope that _____________________________
___________________________________.With the help of you，the whole situation will ______________.
asked the taxi driver a favour/asked a favour of the taxi driver
owed him a favour
favour for me with my coming interview
you can do me a favour/do a
be in my favour
harm
·do harm to sb＝do sb harm伤害某人
There is no harm in doing...做……无害处。
·be harmful to对……有害
n.& vt.伤害；损害(harmful adj.有害的；导致损害的harmless
adj.无害的)
(1)我很高兴收到你的电子邮件说你已经决定摆脱对电子游戏的瘾，它对你有害。　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (2022·天津4月，书面表达)
How delighted I am to receive your e -mail saying that you have determined to get rid of your addiction to video games，_____________
_______________________________________.
5
harm/is harmful to/does harm to/harms you
which does you
(2)我的老师给了我一个鼓励的微笑，说：“在我看来，参加写作比赛并没有什么坏处。” (2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
My teacher cast me an encouraging smile，saying，“In my opinion，_______________________________________.”
there is no harm in entering a writing contest
argument
·beyond argument 无可争辩
·argue with sb about/over sth与某人争论某事
argue for/against (doing) sth据理支持/反对(做)某事
argue sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事
argue that...提出理由说明；主张……
n.论点；论据；争论；争辩(argue v.争论；劝说；主张)
6
(1)(话题写作之在线学习)最近，我们学生就我们是否应该在线学习互相争论。一方面，一些学生支持在线学习。他们说明自己可以接触到各种各样的资源。此外，无可争辩的是，他们可以在任何时间和地点学习。另一方面，其他人因为网上的太多不健康信息而反对在线学习。
Recently we students have whether
we should study online.On the one hand，some students _____________
______________.They they can be exposed to a variety of resources. In addition，it is that they can study at any time and place.On the other hand，others online learning on account of too much unhealthy information on the Internet.
argued with each other about/over
studying online
argue that
beyond argument
argue against
argue for
(2)令我非常高兴的是，我终于说服了大卫参加越野跑，它被认为是一项有益的活动。 (2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
To my great joy，I finally ______________________________________
_______________，which was viewed as a rewarding activity.
argued David into taking part in the
cross -country run
replace
·replace A with/by B　用B替代A
·take the place of＝take one’s place取替；替代
in place of＝instead of代替
vt.取代；接替；把……放回原处
7
(1)在老师的鼓励和指导下，我内心的紧张和恐惧终于被对写作比赛的兴趣所取代。 (2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
With my teacher’s encouragement and guidance，my inner nervousness and fear interest in the writing contest.
were finally replaced with/by
(2)(议论文写作之新技术的利弊)如今，已经证实智能手机和平板电脑不能完全取代老师。
Nowadays it has been confirmed that smartphones and tablets ________
________________________________________________________.
(3)首先，为了建设绿色北京，我们应该呼吁人们使用公共交通工具代替私家车。 (2023·北京，书面表达)
First and foremost，to build a Green Beijing，we ought to appeal to people to use public transportation .
replace/take the place of teachers/take teachers’ place completely
in place of/instead of private cars
can’t
rewarding
·reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事而奖励/酬谢某人
reward sb with sth用某物奖励/回报某人
·in reward for为奖励……；为报答……
as a reward for作为对……的奖励/回报
adj.有益的；有意义的(reward vt.& n.报答；回报；奖励)
8
(1)I hugged him tightly，whispering，“You will be rewarded your generosity in the future.”
for
(2)通过这次有益的经历，除了服务时间，我得到了更有价值的回报：每一个微小的善举都会产生影响。 (2022·浙江6月，读后续写)
Through ，apart from the service hours，I ________________________________________Every small action of kindness makes an effect.
(3)我转身向出租车司机挥手告别，心里想着我要给他买一份礼物，以回报他对我的慷慨帮助。 (2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
I turned around and waved goodbye to the taxi driver，thinking in my mind that I would buy him a gift _________________________________
_________________.
the rewarding experience
in reward for/as a reward for his
was rewarded with something more valuable:
generous help to me
basis
·on the basis of在……的基础上
on a daily/regular basis每天/定期
·base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon以……为根据/基础
n.基础；基点；基准；准则(base n.基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基础 basic adj.基础的；基本的 basically adv.基本上)
9
(1)(应用文写作之告知信)I am writing to inform you of some (base) table manners，which can ensure that your visit to your friend is enjoyable.
basic
(2)正如你在短视频中看到的，英语口语社的成员养成了每天用英语彼此交流的习惯。基于大量的练习，他们逐渐讲出了一口流利的英语。
(2022·天津6月，书面表达)
As you see in the short video clip，Spoken English Club members make it a habit to communicate with each other in English _______________.
_______________________________________，they have gradually spoken fluent English.
on a daily basis
On the basis of/Based on/upon much practice
focus
10
·focus(...)on/upon...(把……)集中于……
·the focus of ……的焦点/中心
vi.& vt.集中(注意力) n.焦点 (focused adj.注意力集中的)
(1) (focus) and delighted，I chose to paint a beautiful sunset casting its glow over trees against the sky.
(2024·新课标Ⅰ & Ⅱ，应用文写作)
Focused
(2)(应用文写作之建议信)Take a deep breath and relax yourself instead of focusing your attention what brings you stress，and you will fall asleep soon.
(3)头发打结，南瓜肉盖着鼻子，我成了观看这条发布在网上的视频的那些人关注的焦点。 (2021·浙江1月，读后续写)
Hair in knots and nose covered by pumpkin pulp，I ________________
___________________of those who viewed the video posted online.
on/upon
focus of the attention
became the
(4)(读后续写之动作描写)那么多眼睛盯着我，我的脸涨得通红，开始结结巴巴地进行我的演讲。
With so many eyes ，I blushed and began to stumble over my speech.
用法点拨　表示“集中注意力/精力于……”的短语还有be absorbed in，put one’s heart into，be buried in，apply oneself to等。
focused on/upon me
While 引导让步状语从句
11
while既可用作连词，也可用作名词。
·表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句；
·表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though或although；
·表示“而；却”，是并列连词，构成并列句；
·用作名词，表示“一会儿；一段时间”。
While the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also harm friendships.虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近，但它也会损害友谊。
(1)正如古老谚语所说：“趁热打铁。”
As the old saying goes，“________________________.”
Strike while the iron is hot
(2)(读后续写之升华句)尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么，但我们可以用决心和爱指引自己。
，we can guide ourselves with determination and love.
(3)参观这次展览的时候，我们不仅可以欣赏民间艺术品，而且可以学到很多东西。
，we can not only enjoy the folk artworks but also learn a lot.
While we can’t predict what will happen in the future
While (we are) visiting this exhibition
(4)根据上面的图表，18%的学生更喜欢阅读英语书籍，而12%的学生访问英语学习网站。 (2022·全国乙，书面表达)
On the basis of the above chart,__________________________________
___________________________________________________.
用法点拨　(1)while表示“虽然”时，不和连词but连用。
(2)while还可以引导省略结构，后直接跟现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。
18% of the students prefer to read
English books while 12% access English learning websites
it 作形式宾语
12
当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语，构成的句型主要有：
·consider/think/suppose/feel/find/make/believe＋it＋adj./n.＋to do
sth/that...
·like/dislike/hate/love/appreciate/enjoy/prefer＋it＋when/if从句
·take it for granted that...认为……理所当然
owe it to sb that...把……归功于某人
·see to it that...确保……
depend/rely on it that...指望……
According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
(1)The author ’s brief introduction made it possible for us (learn) about the content of the book.
to learn
(2)我曾经理所当然地认为父母应该在我需要的时候给我钱，但在那个时候我觉得我有责任为家庭尽我的一份力。
I used to __________________________________________________whenever I needed it，but at that point ____________________________for the family. (2021·浙江6月，读后续写)
take it for granted that parents should give me money
I felt it my duty to do my part
(3)如果您能考虑我关于如何改善我们英语口语学习氛围的建议，我将不胜感激。 (2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
on how to improve the learning atmosphere of our oral English.
I would appreciate it if you could consider my suggestions
(4)如果你和父母推心置腹地谈谈，我可以确保他们会允许你自己做饭的。
(2024·上海6月，书面表达)
I can ________________________________________________________
____ if you have a heart- to- heart talk with them.
see to it that your parents will allow/permit you to cook on your
own
(5)他被认为是一个活雷锋，很明显，你可以相信他会在必要的时候帮助你。 (2023·天津3月，书面表达)
He is viewed as a living Lei Feng and obviously，you can ____________
______________________________whenever necessary.
on it that he will come to your aid
depend/rely
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
1.The wealthy lady fancied① wearing a simple black dress，nothing fancy②，and she didn’t want to eat at fancy③ restaurants with fancy④ prices.So you couldn’t fancy⑤ what kind of person she was.
① 　 ②__________________　
③ 　 ④____________ 　
⑤_______
vt.想要，想做
adj.花哨的，别致的
adj.奢华的，奢侈的
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
基础达标
adj.昂贵的
vt.想象
2.Not only does the teenager cheat① old people out of money but he also cheats② in examinations.The teenage cheat③ will be punished for his cheat④.
①________　
②_______　
③______　
④________ _
vt.欺骗
vi.作弊
n.骗子
n.欺骗行为
3.In my view①，to view② the best view③，we must climb to the top of the mountain，which is viewed④ as the highest one in our province.Then，we posted some breathtaking photos we shot online，which unexpectedly gained 10,000 views⑤.In conclusion，the mountain- climbing activity not only broadened our view⑥ but also strengthened our body.
① 　 ②_____　
③ 　 ④_____________　
⑤ 　 ⑥______
n.观点，见解，看法
vt.看
n.景色，风景
vt.把……视为
n.(一次)观看
n.视野
4.With content①，I am reading the table of contents②，the preface，the chapter heading，etc.The main content③ of the book is introducing the sugar or salt content④ of daily foods and I am so content⑤ with the book that I decide to buy it without hesitation.
① 　 ②______　
③ 　 ④_______　
⑤__________________
n.满意，满足
n.目录
n.内容
n.含量
adj.满意的，满足的
5.I am writing to inform you of some tricks① of getting along well with others.What is the most significant is that you should never play tricks② on those around you.Meanwhile，never trick③ others by telling lies.
①____________　
②____________　
③_____________
n.诀窍，技巧
n.花招，骗局
vt.欺骗，哄骗
6.My alarm① went off at five and I suddenly saw the smoke rising from the kitchen，which alarmed② me so much that I screamed.Then I sounded the alarm③.
①______　
②____________ _ 　
③______
n.闹钟
vt.使惊恐，使担心
n.警报
7.We three gained access① through a side door into an Internet bar，where we could get access② to computers.We instantly accessed③ the Internet，accessed④ information we needed，and then left as quickly as possible.
①____________　
②____________　
③______　
④____________ ___
n.通路，入径
n.接触的机会
v.访问
v.获取(计算机数据)
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
In general，adults ’ words and behavior have great effects _________
their children.
2.He swallowed hard and finally admitted to (make) such a serious mistake.
3.Learning that he was no longer in favor the project，I was heartbroken and disappointed.
4.As far as I’m (concern)，it is not appropriate to wear jeans for such an important occasion.
on/upon
making/having made
of
concerned
5.Red roses represent love，while yellow roses are often viewed a symbol of friendship.
6.He felt (power) when he failed after making all efforts to realize his dream.
7.On the (base) of the current political affairs，the authorities have determined to take the following effective measures.
8.Being addicted to alcohol did harm his health and he passed away because of cancer.
9.Immediately the retired man got access the free Wi- Fi，he was attached to it.
as
powerless
basis
to
to
10.Because there were more female guests in the party，the host replaced beer soft drinks thoughtfully.
11.Though teaching the teenagers takes much energy and patience，I find it (reward) and meaningful.
12.I was tricked selling my treasure at a low price and tears of sadness rolled down my cheeks.
13.Now that the retired couple have more spare time，they can focus their attention cuisine to satisfy the appetite of their grandson.
14.Since I was fortunate to get the job，I would concentrate _________
doing the job perfectly.
15.The old man found impossible to get rid of his accent thoroughly.
with/by
返 回
rewarding
into
on/upon
on/upon
it
提升写作能力
Part Three
应用文增分练
中国科技
(2024·天津3月)
假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，一位外国游客近日在网站上发布短视频，赞叹中国科技在中国人购物、旅游、学习等方面的广泛应用，一名网友 Chris在评论区询问是否属实，请你根据以下提示留言：
(1)回答他短视频内容确实属实；
(2)介绍科技在你的生活中的应用；
(3)邀请外国友人来亲身体验。
1.作为一名来自中国的高中生，我可以保证你在视频中所看到的是完全正确的。(see to it that...)
_____________________________________________________________
2.毫无疑问，随着信息技术的快速发展，中国的生活方式正在经历重大变化。(beyond argument)
_____________________________________________________________
3.基于购物应用程序和人工智能技术，人们不仅可以购买自己想要的东西，还可以虚拟“试穿”衣服或鞋子。(basis；not only...but also...的倒装句)
_____________________________________________________________
应用文增分练
完成句子
4.一些传统的教科书被智能的教科书取代，而且学生可以听著名教育家的精彩讲座，极大地促进了教育平等。(replace；access；现在分词短语作状语)
_____________________________________________________________
5.虽然你已经看到了中国取得的巨大科技进步，但我仍然强烈建议你到中国来，亲身体验这些进步。(while引导让步状语从句)
_____________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
应用文增分练
组句成篇
I noticed your message posted below the video clip.Being a senior high school student from China，I can see to it that what you have witnessed in the video is entirely accurate.
It is beyond argument that with the rapid development of information technology，lifestyles in China are undergoing significant changes.For example，on the basis of shopping apps and AI technology，not only can people purchase what they desire but also they can “try on” clothes or shoes virtually. Additionally，some traditional textbooks are replaced by intelligent ones，and students gain access to awesome lectures from famous educators，greatly promoting educational equality.
应用文增分练
参考范文
As far as I am concerned，while you have seen the tremendous scientific and technological progress China has made，I still highly recommend that you visit China and experience these advancements firsthand.Just as the old saying goes，“Only by tasting a pear can you learn its flavor.”
Looking forward to your response.
亮词 [动作描写]　admit；trick；experiment；type；cheat；view；press；deliver；hug；concentrate；focus
[人物描写]　self -focused；addicted；sensible；powerful；concerned；creative；imaginary；accessible
续写积累提能练
教材语料整合
美句 1.However，nearly all avatars are tall，young and nice -looking，so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life.(外貌描写)
2.The avatars in online worlds can talk，walk and fly around，meet people，go shopping and attend classes.(动作描写)
3.Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.(情感描写)
情感细节描写：尴尬与羞愧
单词 awkward adj.令人尴尬的，使人难堪的→awkwardness n.尴尬；难堪　embarrassment n.尴尬，难为情→embarrass vt.使尴尬→ embarrassing adj.令人难堪的；令人窘迫的→embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的 ashamed adj.感到羞愧，感到羞耻→shame n.羞愧，羞耻
续写积累提能练
拓展语料积累
词块 blush/flush with embarrassment/shame因尴尬/羞愧而脸上发红　blood rushes to one’s face 脸通红　in an embarrassed voice/tone用一种尴尬的声音/语气　hear the embarrassment in one’s voice 听到某人声音中的尴尬　give an embarrassed cough尴尬地咳了一声　hang/drop/lower/bow one’s head in shame/embarrassment 羞愧/尴尬地低下头　an awkward/embarrassed silence/moment/pause尴尬的沉默/一瞬/停顿　one’s face burns/cheeks brun(尴尬得)脸发烫
句型 So ashamed did she feel that she was close to tears.(倒装句)她感到非常羞愧，几乎要哭了。
Feeling terribly embarrassed，she could even feel the blood rushing to her face.(现在分词短语作状语)
她感到非常尴尬，甚至能感觉到血液涌到脸上。
She felt ashamed of her foolish behavior，with her face burning with shame.(with的复合结构)
她为自己的愚蠢行为感到羞愧，羞愧得脸发烫。
句型 All the air seemed to disappear and she felt as if the whole world were watching her.(夸张句)
所有的空气似乎都消失了，她觉得仿佛整个世界都在看着她。
He lowered his head and hesitated for a moment，wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment.(现在分词短语作状语)他低下头，犹豫了一会儿，想知道如何掩饰内心的尴尬。
主题：从虚拟到现实
① (形容词作状语)，my husband tapped me on the shoulder，begging me not to be addicted to the online game，but I just looked over my shoulder and shrugged my shoulders，②__________
____ ___ (现在分词短语作状语).
我丈夫既担心又焦虑，轻拍我的肩膀，恳求我不要再沉迷于在线游戏，但我只是回头耸耸肩，无视他明智的建议。
续写积累提能练
语料运用
Concerned and anxious
sensible advice
ignoring his
One day when I looked through my web feed，a friend’s post popped up.She wrote，“Let go of anything unrealistic and all activities that do not mirror your brightest intentions for yourself.” The post touched my soul so much that I felt ashamed of my foolish behavior，③___________
______________________ (with复合结构).
有一天，当我浏览我的网页推送时，一个朋友的帖子弹出。她写道：“放弃任何不现实的事情，放弃所有不能反映你最光明的意图的活动。”这篇帖子深深地触动了我的灵魂，我为自己的愚蠢行为感到羞愧，羞愧得脸都发烫。
face burning with shame
with my
Finally，④ (倒装句).My husband sat next to me and hugged me tightly，comforting me.I snuggled up against his shoulder，murmuring ⑤__________________ ，“I will focus on our real life instead of the virtual world from now on.”
最后，我羞愧得几乎要掉眼泪了。我丈夫坐在我旁边，紧紧地拥抱着我，安慰我。我依偎在他的肩膀上，用尴尬的声音喃喃自语：“从现在开始，我要把精力集中在我们的现实生活，而不是虚拟世界。”
返 回
so ashamed did I feel that I was close to tears
in an embarrassed voice

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