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必修第二册 UNIT 6 THE ADMIRABLE(二)
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·河南济洛平许四市三模)
For most people，a minor wound will be relatively harmless.After some time the wound will heal and disappear without leaving any visible evidence on the skin.But it is not so simple for everybody.Diabetics(糖尿病患者) and elderly people with reduced blood circulation may have far greater issues when it comes to wound healing.However，scientists have introduced a new weapon against such extreme wound reactions.
Swedish scientists from Chalmers University of Technology have developed a technology which can stimulate wound healing so that it can happen more rapidly.The technique involves electrifying the skin.“Long-standing wounds make up a severe problem that we do not hear very much about，” says Associate Professor Maria Asplund from Chalmers University of Technology，who ①headed the project.“We have now found a method that can make wounds heal up to three times faster，which could be a ②gamechanger for elderly people and diabetics，who often have wounds that cannot heal.”
To test this，the Chalmers researchers made a kind of biochip(生物芯片) on which they grew skin cells.They then made small wounds in the artificial skin and tested how fast the wound healing happened when they either passed electricity through the chip or did not.The results showed the healing process happening three times faster in the presence of electricity.
The scientists will now receive funds to continue their research beyond the lab.“At the moment we are investigating how different skin cells react to electrical stimulation to take a step closer to realistic wounds，” says Asplund.“We aim to develop a concept that allows us to examine wounds and ③personalize the electrical stimulation to individual wound types.We are convinced that this is the way to help people with slow-healing wounds.”
1．Who will most benefit from the new technology
A．People who get wounded easily.
B．People who have heart attack.
C．People with high blood sugar.
D．People with high blood pressure.
2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about the test
A．Its purpose. B．Its benefits.
C．Its conditions. D．Its method.
3．What does Asplund think of wound healing with electricity
A．Debatable. B．Limited.
C．Representative. D．Hopeful.
4．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．New Technology Helps Wounded People
B．New Weapon Cures Slow-healing Wounds
C．Electricity Heals Wounds Three Times Faster
D．Diabetics and the Elderly Suffer Wound Healing
语境猜词 ①head(转)n.→v. ②gamechanger(合＋派)＝game＋change＋r ③personalize(派)＝personal＋ize
B
Scientists looking to uncover the mysteries of the underwater world have more valuable information thanks to an international team that has produced a list of species confirmed or expected to produce sounds underwater.
Led by Audrey Looby from the University of Florida，the Global Library of Underwater Biological Sounds working group collaborated with the World Register of Marine Species to ①document 729 mammals(哺乳动物)，fishes，and invertebrates(无脊椎动物) that produce active or passive sounds.In addition，the list includes another 21,911 species that are considered to likely produce sounds.
“With more than 70% of the Earth’s surface covered by water，most of the planet’s habitats are aquatic(水中的)，and there is a misconception that most aquatic organisms are silent.The newly published comprehensive digital database on what animals are known to make sounds is the first of its kind and can revolutionize marine and aquatic science，” the researchers said.
“Listening to underwater sounds can reveal a lot of information about the species that produce them and is useful for a variety of applications，ranging from fisheries management，②invasive species detection to assessing human environmental impacts，” said Looby，who also ③co-created FishSounds，which offers a collection of fish sound production research.
The team’s research was published in Scientific Data and involved 19 authors from six countries.“Understanding how marine species interact with their environments is of global importance，and this data being freely available is a major step toward that goal，” said Kieran Cox，a member of the research team.
“Most people are familiar with whale or dolphin sounds but are often surprised to learn that many fishes and invertebrates use sounds to communicate，too，” Looby said.“Our database helps demonstrate how widespread underwater sound production really is across a variety of animals，but we still have a lot to learn.”
5．Why is the data listed in paragraph 2
A．To show the types of biological sounds.
B．To show the sum of documents on animals.
C．To show the species of underwater animals.
D．To show the number of the sound-producing species.
6．What is people’s misunderstanding according to the text
A．Many mammals can live in water.
B．Most fishes cannot make sounds.
C．Different species can communicate.
D．Ocean animals can’t get onto the land.
7．What does the underlined phrase “that goal” in paragraph 5 refer to
A．To document ocean animals’ sounds.
B．To set up a free database for scientists.
C．To learn how ocean animals communicate.
D．To publish the team’s research in Scientific Data.
8．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To call on people to protect ocean animals.
B．To introduce the finding of a research team.
C．To list the animals that can produce sounds.
D．To describe the mysterious underwater world.
语境猜词 ①document(转)n.→v. ②invasive(派)＝inva(de)＋s＋ive ③co-create(派)＝co＋create
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·山东名校联盟模拟预测)
The storms in our lives often leave behind gifts if we open our eyes to see them.As the skies clear and you start to emerge from the loss，①look for the silver linings. 1
Going through difficulties requires courage and determination.You have to dig deep and find the strength you didn’t know you possessed to overcome the challenges. 2 That self-knowledge and confidence in your abilities will serve you well going forward.
Coming out the other side of troublesome times gives you a fresh outlook.Priorities shift. 3 You have a deeper appreciation for life’s simple moments and clarity about what matters.Use that insight to guide your choices and cherish each day. 4 The old way of doing things no longer works，so you must rebuild and reimagine your life.Though change is hard，it opens up possibilities for new growth and exciting adventures.Look at this as a chance for a fresh start.You can pursue new dreams or make a long-wished-for switch in your situation.The future is unwritten.
Your struggles and pain have given you understanding for what others maybe going through in their own lives.You now recognize the suffering of people around you and desire to help ease their burdens.Use your experience to be there for friends and family members facing difficulties. 5 Your sympathy can make a real difference.
A．Dramatic changes often lead to transformation.
B．They’re there if you are bent on searching for them.
C．Offer a listening ear and share your story with them.
D．Storms shape us，but the silver linings make us suffer.
E．What seemed important before now ②pales in comparison.
F．Now you know you have the inner power to ③weather storms.
G．This new perspective removed previous doubt about yourself.
语境猜词 ①look for the silver linings ②pale in comparison ③weather(熟义：n.天气) 生义(文义)：
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
My work in cancer research was generating a lot of waste every day.As our research turned to full capacity，our waste production 1 .
I went to my adviser and suggested the idea of 2 3D-printed lab tools out of some of our waste.She 3 me and then I ①secured funding to purchase recycling equipment.But after months of 4 ，the project didn’t go as I had imagined and ②progressed slowly.So it was a welcome 5 when my co-workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental 6 .
We created a group to push for greener ways to 7 .We began meeting monthly to come up with solutions.Over the following months，we 8 new recycling bins to each lab so that our plastic waste could be sorted 9 .We created rules for each device to be ③energy-efficient.I’m still disappointed that I couldn’t fully realize my 3D-printing 10 .I am stubborn enough to keep trying.But I’ve also learned that if one approach isn’t working，sometimes it’s best to 11 and look for other solutions.I’m thankful that with the help of the 12 community around me，we are able to do that.
I encourage scientists everywhere to think about ways to reduce the 13 impact of their own research.The work we do is important.But we should also do our part to be as sustainable as we can.After all，what 14 does our science have if，ultimately，there remains no 15 planet we can call our home
1．A.returned B．declined
C．stabilized D．rocketed
2．A.creating B．buying
C．borrowing D．renting
3．A.suspected B．criticized
C．encouraged D．comforted
4．A.struggle B．discussion
C．training D．confusion
5．A.source B．relief
C．target D．success
6．A.distribution B．option
C．phase D．footprint
7．A.cure B．defend
C．operate D．negotiate
8．A.commented B．introduced
C．moved D．knocked
9．A.properly B．typically
C．naturally D．annually
10．A.recipe B．prevention
C．vision D．association
11．A.set off B．speak out
C．hold on D．step back
12．A.local B．academic
C．final D．new
13．A.fundamental B．historical
C．environmental D．financial
14．A.significance B．possibility
C．fortune D．depth
15．A.broad B．supportive
C．different D．particular
语境猜词 ①secure(转)adj.→v. ②progress(转)n.→v. ③energy-efficient(合)＝energy＋efficient
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·浙江绍兴二模)
To write his own medical text，Li Shizhen ①referenced over 800 medical texts，countless books on history and geography，and works of literature.He even studied the complete works of many ancient poets，from 1. he selected a surprising number of verses about medicine.However，the greatest issue he encountered was the widespread 2. (inconsistent) in the use of drug names.Realising the importance of field research ②outweighed 3. of extensive reading，in 1565 Li travelled far and wide into the mountains and wilderness.He covered what are today’s provinces of Hunan，Jiangxi，Anhui and Jiangsu，and many other places.
After over a decade of field research，Li 4. (successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece，Bencao Gangmu，or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578.He revised 5. work at least three times right up until his death in 1593.
Since its first publication in 1596，the book 6. (receive) world-wide recognition.British naturalist Charles Darwin acknowledged the book 7. an “ancient Chinese encyclopedia”．In 2011，the book 8. (list) on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register.In 2017，an international conference was held in Beijing 9. (celebrate) Li’s 500th birthday.
Today，there are a 10. (grow) number of international exchanges centering on Li Shizhen and his book，and many people around the world can still find the wisdom of human development in this ancient classic.
语境猜词 ①reference(转)n.→v. ②outweigh(派)＝out＋weigh
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①领导，主管　②n.游戏规则改变者　③v.使个性化
B．①记录，记载　②adj.侵入的　③v.共同创建
Ⅱ.①寻找一线希望　②相形见绌；显得逊色　③v.经受住，平安度过
Ⅲ.①获得，得到　②进展　③adj.节能的，节约能源的
Ⅳ.①查阅，参考　②v.胜过
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞典科学家利用电流刺激加速伤口愈合的研究。
1．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Diabetics(糖尿病患者) and elderly people with reduced blood circulation...a new weapon against such extreme wound reactions.”可知，糖尿病患者和血液循环变差的老年人的伤口愈合得较慢，由此可知这两类人将从这项新技术中获益最多。故选C。]
2．D　[段落大意题。根据第三段“To test this，the Chalmers researchers made a kind of biochip(生物芯片) on which they grew skin cells.They then made small wounds...tested how fast...The results showed...”可知，本段主要讲述了这项测试的方法和过程。故选D。]
3．D　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中Asplund说的“We are convinced that this is the way to help people with slow-healing wounds.”可知，Asplund认为这是帮助伤口愈合缓慢的人的方法。由此推知，Asplund对用电愈合伤口抱有极大的希望。故选D。]
4．C　[标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据第三段中“The results showed the healing process happening three times faster in the presence of electricity.”可知，文章主要讲述了瑞典科学家开发的一种新技术通过电流刺激使伤口愈合速度提高三倍。由此可知，C项“电流三倍快地愈合伤口”最适合作本文标题。故选C。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是科学家创建了水下生物声音数据库，以推动海洋科学研究。
5．D　[推理判断题。根据第二段“Led by Audrey Looby...document 729 mammals(哺乳动物)，fishes，and invertebrates(无脊椎动物) that produce active or passive sounds.In addition，the list includes another 21,911 species that are considered to likely produce sounds.”可知，第二段的数据是为了说明发声物种的数量。故选D。]
6．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“there is a misconception that most aquatic organisms are silent”可知，人们误解大多数水生生物是不会发出声音的。故选B。]
7．C　[词义猜测题。根据第五段中“Understanding how marine species interact with their environments is of global importance，and this data being freely available is a major step toward that goal”可知，that goal指的是前面提到的“理解海洋物种如何与环境交流”。故选C。]
8．B　[写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容和第三段中的“The newly published comprehensive digital database on what animals are known to make sounds is the first of its kind and can revolutionize marine and aquatic science”可知，本文主要讲的是一支科研团队创建了水下生物声音数据库，以推动海洋科学研究，因此本文的主要目的是介绍研究团队的新发现，故选B。]
Ⅱ.1.B　2.F　3.E　4.A　5.C
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文讲述了作者在研究工作中意识到每日产生大量废物的问题，并和团队成员共同努力，采取了诸多措施减少环境足迹。作者还鼓励科学家们避免对地球造成伤害。
1．D　[return返回；decline下降；stabilize稳定；rocket迅速上升。根据上文“My work in cancer research was generating a lot of waste every day.As our research turned to full capacity”可知，作者的研究工作每天都会产生大量废弃物，随着他们的工作全面展开，废弃物的生产量会迅速上升。故选D。]
2．A　[create创造；buy购买；borrow借用；rent出租。根据空后“3D-printed lab tools out of some of our waste”以及“I secured funding to purchase recycling equipment”可知，作者觉得研究中产生的废弃物太多，所以他建议用这些废弃物来创造3D打印的实验室工具。故选A。]
3．C　[suspect怀疑；criticize批评；encourage鼓励；comfort安慰。根据句中“I secured funding to purchase recycling equipment”可知，作者的导师同意了他的建议，并鼓励了他，让他成功获得了购买回收设备的资金。故选C。]
4．A　[struggle努力；discussion讨论；training训练；confusion混乱。根据句中“the project didn’t go as I had imagined and progressed slowly”可知，虽然作者努力了几个月，但是这个项目进展缓慢。故选A。]
5．B　[source来源；relief(焦虑、痛苦等的)减轻；target目标；success成功。根据下文“when my co-workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental ________”可知，作者的方法并没有起作用，所以当同事们讨论其他的方法时，作者感到松了一口气。故选B。]
6．D　[distribution分布；option选项；phase阶段；footprint足迹。根据上文“I went to my adviser and suggested the idea of ________ 3D-printed lab tools out of some of our waste.”可知，同事们也提出一些减少环境足迹的方法。 “footprint”在此指的是对环境造成的影响。故选D。]
7．C　[cure治愈；defend保卫；operate实施；negotiate谈判。根据下文“we ________ new recycling bins to each lab...We created rules for each device to be energy-efficient”可知，这个小组是要推动实施更环保的方法。故选C。]
8．B　[comment评论；introduce引入；move移动；knock敲。根据空后“new recycling bins to each lab”可知，此处指在每间实验室引入了新的回收箱。故选B。]
9．A　[properly正确地；typically通常地；naturally自然地；annually每年地。根据上文“we ________ new recycling bins to each lab”可知，作者向实验室引入了新的回收箱，是为了能够正确地给塑料废弃物分类。故选A。]
10．C　[recipe配方；prevention预防；vision设想；association协会。根据上文“But after months of ________，the project didn’t go as I had imagined and progressed slowly.”可知，作者以前提出的利用废弃物进行3D打印的设想并没有实现。故选C。]
11．D　[set off出发；speak out说出；hold on继续；step back后退一步。根据下文“and look for other solutions”可知，作者的方法在努力之后依然行不通，所以他觉得有时候需要后退一步，寻找新的方法。故选D。]
12．B　[local本地的；academic学术的；final最终的；new新的。根据上文“My work in cancer research”和“co-workers”可知，作者是科研工作者，受到了同事们的帮助，所以此处指学术界的帮助。故选B。]
13．C　[fundamental基础的；historical历史的；environmental环境的；financial财政的。根据上文的“when my co-workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental _________”可知，作者鼓励科学家们要思考如何减少自己的研究对环境的影响。故选C。]
14．A　[significance意义；possibility可能性；fortune财富；depth深度。根据下文“if，ultimately，there remains no ________ planet we can call our home”可知，作者觉得如果地球都不存在了，那么科学研究就没有意义了。故选A。]
15．B　[broad宽的；supportive支持的；different不同的；particular特别的。根据全文语境可知，作者强调科研的环保和可持续性，结合常识可推知此处用“supportive planet”指能支持生命存在、适合人类居住的可持续发展的星球。故选B。]
Ⅳ.1.which　2.inconsistency　3.that　4.successfully　5.the
6．has received　7.as　8.was listed　9.to celebrate
10．growing必修第二册 UNIT 6 THE ADMIRABLE(一)
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·安徽亳州期末)
As the planet gets hotter，the need for cool living environments is becoming more urgent.But air conditioning is a major ①contributor to global warming since its units release powerful greenhouse gases and use lots of energy.
Now，researchers from McGill University，UCLA and Princeton have found in a new study an inexpensive，sustainable alternative to mechanical cooling with refrigerants(制冷剂) in hot and dry climates，and a way to relieve dangerous heat waves during electricity blackouts.
The researchers set out to answer how to achieve a new benchmark(基准) in passive cooling inside naturally conditioned buildings in hot climates such as Southern California.As an attempt，they examined the use of roof materials that radiate(辐射) heat into the cold universe，even under direct sunlight，and how to combine them with temperature-driven ventilation(通风)．These cool radiator materials and coatings are often used to stop roofs overheating.Researchers have also used them to improve heat rejection from chillers.But there is untapped potential for integrating them into ②architectural design more fully，so they can not only reject indoor heat to outer space in a passive way，but also drive regular and healthy air changes.
“We found we could maintain air temperatures several degrees below the current surrounding temperature，and several degrees more below a reference ‘gold standard’ for passive cooling，” said Remy Fortin，lead author and PhD candidate at McGill University.“We did this without sacrificing healthy ventilation air changes.” This was a considerable challenge，considering air exchanges are a source of heating when the aim is to keep a room cooler than the outside.
The researchers hope the findings will be used to positively impact communities suffering from dangerous climate heating and heatwaves.“We hope that materials scientists，architects，and engineers will be interested in these results，and that our work will inspire more complete thinking for how to integrate breakthroughs in radiative cooling materials with simple but effective architectural solutions，” said Remy Fortin.
1．What might cause researchers to look for an alternative to air conditioning
A．The severe shortage of energy.
B．The greenhouse effect of air conditioning.
C．The increasing dangerous heatwaves.
D．The need for cool living environments.
2．Why did researchers examine the use of roof materials
A．To obtain ideas for their research.
B．To prevent roofs from overheating.
C．To find the best material for roofs.
D．To make roofs well ventilated.
3．What is Remy’s attitude towards the new findings
A．Uncaring. B．Disapproving.
C．Positive. D．Worried.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．An Effective Architectural Solution
B．A Major Contributor to Global Warming
C．A Sustainable Alternative to Air Conditioning
D．A More Complete Thinking for Cooling Materials
语境猜词 ①contributor(派)＝contribut(e)＋or ②architectural(合)＝architectur(e)＋al
B
(2024·湖南岳阳三模)
Rich variety exists in primates(灵长目动物)．Monkeys roll on snowy Japanese mountains，gorillas chew fruit on Sumatra，lemurs jump between trees in Madagascar，and the naked apes—humans—walk proudly on two legs worldwide.Scientists can now study the DNA differences beyond that diversity，thanks to a ①databank of genomes(基因组) from 233 species.
To understand the good and bad of human evolution—both our extraordinary adaptations and disease-causing changes—scientists must compare the genomes of Homo sapiens(智人) to our closest evolutionary relatives，the primates.But researchers investigating diverse topics，from contemporary genetic diseases to human origins，have long faced a ②roadblock when pursuing this approach：While genomic data exists from millions of people，most of the 500-plus primate species never had their genomes read.So，in 2019，Tomàs Marquès-Bonet at the Institute of Evolutionary Biology，in Barcelona，Spain，and other biologists teamed up with disease researchers at the company Illumina，determined to obtain as many primate genomes as possible.
Navigating wilderness and local permitting laws，the international researchers obtained hundreds of blood samples from wild and caged animals in South America，Africa，and Asia.Arranging DNA from these samples and adding data from previous studies，the team built a bank of 809 genomes from individual baboons，gorillas，gibbons，and more，representing nearly half the known primate species.
The data revealed insights about human origins and health，as well as primate conservation，published by more than 100 scientists across 10 papers in Science and Science Advances in June 2023.One study trained artificial intelligence to search human genomes for DNA differences likely to cause disease，based on whether nonhuman primates can live with those variants.According to Marquès-Bonet，“We now have a really good list of the ③foundations of our species and a good idea of the kind of variations that are tolerated in any primate—including humans.”
5．What can we learn from paragraph 1
A．Primates vary mainly in habitats.
B．Scientists focus on the diversity of primates.
C．There are 233 species of primates in the world.
D．Primate genomes are important for studying the DNA differences.
6．Why did the scientists build the databank of genomes
A．To cure human’s various genetic diseases.
B．To help human adapt to the environment.
C．To investigate the process of human evolution.
D．To understand the strength and drawback of human evolution.
7．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The reasons for building the databank.
B．The process of building the databank.
C．The impacts of building the databank.
D．The difficulties in building the databank.
8．What does Marquès-Bonet think of the databank
A．It still needs to be improved.
B．It is of great value to future research.
C．It is of little help to present research.
D．It is unclear whether it’s beneficial to humans.
语境猜词 ①databank(合)＝data＋bank ②roadblock(合)＝road＋block ③foundation(派)＝found＋ation
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Physicist and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman developed a clever learning method known as the Feynman Technique.It involves explaining what you’re learning to others.By teaching what you’ve learned from memory，you engage in active recall. 1 It also ensures that you understand the topic，because you can only explain an idea if you truly understand it.The technique consists of four ①repeatable steps.
To begin，choose a concept or topic you wish to fully understand. 2 The more interested you are，the faster you’ll grasp it.Moreover，a personally interesting topic will keep you motivated and ②engaged.
3 Write notes and explain it in a way that makes sense to a five-year-old.If you’d rather avoid actually teaching someone，you can just teach it to an imaginary audience.But it works much better if you use a real person.They’ll be able to let you know when something isn’t clear.
While teaching you may discover gaps in your understanding. 4 Review your notes，reread books，or seek external help to ensure you have a complete understanding of the context before moving forward.
Now that you fully grasp the concept，test your understanding by trying to teach it to another person.This will help you identify any remaining areas of uncertainty you need to revisit.
The Feynman Technique is a great way for kids and grown-ups to learn. 5 You need to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else.However，with great efforts in mastering this method，you’ll see your learning results improve quicker than ever before.
A．It is mentally demanding.
B．This helps the information stick in your mind better.
C．Teach it to a five-year-old，who would give you direct feedback.
D．Your curiosity about it will determine the pace of your learning.
E．Once you have chosen a topic，you can teach it to someone else.
F．Active engagement plays a key role in promoting deeper learning.
G．When this happens，refer back to the original material for the missing pieces.
语境猜词 ①repeatable(派)＝repeat＋able ②engage(熟义：v.从事) 生义(文义)：
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·河北邯郸三模)
Dr.Francis Collins is one of America’s leading scientists.In an interview，Dr.Collins was asked if there was any special spark or any moment in particular that 1 him to pursue a life of science.Dr.Collins 2 that in fact there was.He said that when he was in high school，on the first day of his first science course，the teacher ①handed each student a box 3 .The boxes were sealed on the outside and hollow on the inside.But each box 4 something.And as young Collins ②turned the box on its side and turned it around，he could 5 something rolling around inside.
What was it The teacher told the students that their 6 was to determine what was inside the box.They could 7 any kind of test or ask any kind of question that would lead them to find out what was inside the box.But they couldn’t 8 the box.They had to first find ways to 9 what was in the box.
“That’s what 10 is，” the teacher carefully 11 ，“being curious，and thinking of questions to ask，until you find out the answer.” Dr.Collins was 12 .He said that that day in class completely 13 his life.From then on，he was 14 to spending a life in science，where his job was to be 15 and ask lots of questions.
1．A.forced B．inspired
C．ordered D．requested
2．A.doubted B．recognized
C．imagined D．replied
3．A.carefully B．hurriedly
C．secretly D．impatiently
4．A.represented B．meant
C．contained D．told
5．A.see B．hear
C．fancy D．monitor
6．A.campaign B．desire
C．ambition D．assignment
7．A.avoid B．design
C．pass D．mark
8．A.open B．roll
C．throw D．hit
9．A.pick up B．draw on
C．figure out D．stick to
10．A.experiment B．science
C．education D．study
11．A.answered B．apologized
C．argued D．explained
12．A.attracted B．confused
C．frightened D．disappointed
13．A.controlled B．improved
C．saved D．changed
14．A.opposed B．exposed
C．committed D．used
15．A.curious B．smart
C．generous D．optimistic
语境猜词 ①hand(转)n.→v. ②turn sth on its side
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Chinese scientists have started a scientific expedition to the Mount Qomolangma.1.________________ total of 170 scientists have begun to do research on water，ecology and human activity，aiming 2. (reveal) the mechanism of environmental change and optimize the ①ecological security barrier system on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.
3． (label) as the roof of the world and water tower of Asia，the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is an essential ecological security barrier in China.It is also a natural laboratory for 4. (conduct) research on the evolution of Earth and life，and the relationship between man and Earth.5. an important part of the research，the ongoing expedition is 6. (particular) important to the study of the impact of ②climatic and environmental changes in the Mount Qomolangma region on other parts of the world.
The expedition focuses on major scientific 7. (issue)，such as how the extreme high-altitude environment of the Mount Qomolangma changes under the influence of global warming，according to Yao Tandong,8. is the team leader.“The expedition has realized the 9. (transform) from ‘I want to conquer you’ to ‘I want to understand you’，achieved the application of new technologies and resulted in important international influence，” he said.So far，many scientific achievements 10. (make)．
语境猜词 ①ecological(派)＝ecolog(y)＋i＋cal ②climatic(派)＝climat(e)＋ic
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①n.促成因素　②adj.建筑学的；建筑上的
B．①n.数据库　②n.路障；障碍　③n.基础
Ⅱ.①adj.可重复的　②v.吸引住(注意力)
Ⅲ.①递　②把某物翻转过来
Ⅳ.①adj.生态的，生态学的　②adj.气候的，与气候有关的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But air conditioning is a major contributor to global warming since its units release powerful greenhouse gases and use lots of energy.”可知，空调的温室效应可能促使研究人员寻找空调的替代品，故选B。]
2．A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The researchers set out to answer how to achieve...As an attempt，they examined the use of roof materials that radiate(辐射) heat into the cold universe...”可知，研究人员研究能辐射热量的屋顶材料的使用是想尝试解答如何在炎热气候下的自然条件建筑内实现被动冷却的新基准，即为他们的研究获取想法，故选A。]
3．C　[观点态度题。根据第四段中“We did this without sacrificing healthy ventilation air changes.”和最后一段中“We hope that materials scientists...be interested in these results，and that our work will inspire more complete thinking for...”可知，雷米对研究结果感到自豪，并希望更多学者对此感兴趣并进行进一步研究，由此可推知他对新发现的态度是积极的，故选C。]
4．C　[标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据第二段“Now，researchers from...found in a new study an inexpensive，sustainable alternative to mechanical cooling with refrigerants...”可知，本文主要介绍科研人员发现一种比空调更加节能环保的制冷方案。C项“空调的可持续替代品”适合作标题，故选C。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们建立灵长目动物基因组数据库来研究DNA的差异。
5．D　[推理判断题。根据第一段中“Scientists can now study the DNA differences beyond that diversity，thanks to a databank of genomes(基因组) from 233 species.”可知，有了灵长目动物的基因组数据库科学家才能研究DNA差异，所以灵长目动物的基因组对于研究DNA的差异非常重要。故选D。]
6．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“To understand the good and bad of human evolution...scientists must compare the genomes of...most of the 500-plus primate species never had their genomes read.”可知，科学家们建立基因组数据库是因为要通过与灵长目动物的对比来了解人类进化的利弊。故选D。]
7．B　[段落大意题。根据第三段“Navigating wilderness and local permitting laws，the international researchers obtained hundreds of blood samples...Arranging DNA from these samples and adding data from previous studies，the team built a bank...”可知，这段介绍的是建立数据库的过程。故选B。]
8．B　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中Marquès-Bonet说的话“We now have a really good list of the foundations of our species and a good idea of the kind of variations that are tolerated in any primate—including humans.”可推知他认为该数据库提供了关于灵长目动物的全面信息，对今后的研究具有重要的价值。故选B。]
Ⅱ.1.B　2.D　3.E　4.G　5.A
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了柯林斯博士上高中时的一堂科学课，它彻底改变了他的人生轨迹，从那时起他就致力于科学研究。
1．B　[force迫使；inspire鼓舞；order命令；request要求。根据上文“any special spark or”以及下文“him to pursue a life of science”并结合最后一段内容可知，柯林斯博士被问及是否有任何特别的火花或任何特别的时刻激励他追求科学。故选B。]
2．D　[doubt怀疑；recognize认出；imagine想象；reply回复，回答。根据上文“In an interview，Dr.Collins was asked if”可知，柯林斯博士对该问题回答说，事实上是有的。故选D。]
3．C　[carefully认真地；hurriedly匆匆地；secretly秘密地，神秘地；impatiently不耐烦地。根据下文“The teacher told the students that their ________ was to determine what was inside the box.”可知，老师让学生自己去查明盒子里有什么，可推知是神秘地递给每个学生一个盒子。故选C。]
4．C　[represent代表；mean 意味着；contain包含；tell告诉。根据下文“And as young Collins turned the box on its side and turned it around，he could ________ something rolling around inside.”可知，每个盒子里都装着东西。故选C。]
5．B　[see看；hear听；fancy想象；monitor监测。根据上文“The boxes were sealed”可知，盒子被密封了，所以只能听到里面有东西在滚动。故选B。]
6．D　[campaign战役；desire愿望；ambition抱负；assignment任务。根据下文“to determine what was inside the box”可知，老师告诉学生他们的任务是确定盒子里是什么。故选D。]
7．B　[avoid避免；design设计，构思；pass通过；mark标记。要弄清楚盒子里面到底是什么，他们可以设计任何一种测试。故选B。]
8．A　[open打开；roll滚动；throw扔；hit打击。根据But可知，他们可以用测试或提问的方式，但不能直接打开盒子。故选A。]
9．C　[pick up拾起；draw on利用；figure out弄清楚；stick to坚持。根据上文“They could ________ any kind of test or ask any kind of question that would lead them to find out what was inside the box.”可知，他们必须先想办法弄清楚盒子里是什么。故选C。]
10．B　[experiment实验；science科学；education教育；study学习。根据上文“his first science course”可知，老师在解释科学。故选B。]
11．D　[answer回答；apologize道歉；argue争论；explain解释。由上文“That’s what ________ is”和下文“being curious...the answer”可知，此处指老师认真解释道。故选D。]
12．A　[attract吸引；confuse使困惑；frighten使惊吓；disappoint使失望。根据下文“From then on，he was ____ to spending a life in science”可知，柯林斯博士之后一直从事科学，所以是被吸引住了。故选A。]
13．D　[control控制；improve提高；save挽救；change改变。根据下文“From then on，he was ________ to spending a life in science”可知，那一天彻底改变了他的生活。故选D。]
14．C　[oppose反对；expose暴露；commit犯(错误或罪行)；use使用。be committed to (doing) sth致力于(做)某事。根据下文“spending a life in science”可知，从那时起，他就致力于科学研究。故选C。]
15．A　[curious好奇的；smart聪明的；generous慷慨的；optimistic乐观的。根据上文“being curious”可知，他的工作就是保持好奇。故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.A　2.to reveal　3.Labeled/Labelled　4.conducting　5.As
6．particularly　7.issues　8.who　9.transformation
10．have been madeⅠ.阅读单词——会意
1．evil　　　　　n．邪恶之事；祸害
adj.邪恶的
2．mosquito n．蚊子
3．committee n．委员会
4．herb n．药草
5．recipe n．处方；秘诀
6．fame n．名声，名誉
7．renowned adj.著名的，有名望的
8．integrate vi.& vt.(使)结合；(使)成为一体
9．discrimination n．歧视
10．bar n．铁栅；(门、窗等的)闩
11．self-evident adj.不证自明的；显而易见的
12．nightmare n．噩梦，梦魇
13．ongoing adj.继续进行的，不断发展的
14．biography n．传记
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．career n．职业，事业
2．generation n．一代(人)
3．reform n．改革；改进
4．mankind n．人类
5．apart adj.& adv.分开；散开
6．drug n．药物，药材；毒品
7．female adj.女(性)的
8．stage n．舞台；阶段
9．award vt.授予；给予
n．奖，奖赏；奖金；奖品
10．gain vt.获得，赢得，取得；受益
n．好处；利益
11．literature n．文献资料；著述；文学
12．resource n．物力；资源
13．staff n．全体职员，员工
14．eventually adv.最终；终于
15．despite prep.尽管；虽然
16．potential n．潜力；可能性
17．protest n．& vi.& vt.抗议；反对
18．inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
19．skin n．皮肤；(植物、果实等的)外皮，壳
vt.剥去……的皮
20．further adj.更多的，进一步
adv.更远，进一步地
21．march n．示威游行，抗议游行
22．horror n．令人惊恐的事
23．regard vt.认为，看作；注视，打量
n．关注；尊重；(pl.)问候，致意
24．opportunity n．机会；时机
25．reputation n．名誉；名望
26．organisation n．组织；团体；机构
27．severe adj.很严重的
28．undertake vt.着手做，承担；允诺；答应
29．energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
30．advocate vt.拥护；主张
n．提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者
31．attitude n．看法，态度
32．summary n．概要；摘要；总结
33．daring adj.勇敢的
34．originally adv.原先，最初
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．remarkable adj.不寻常的；显著的；非凡的→remarkably adv.显著地；非凡地→remark n．& vi.& vt.评论；谈论
2．intelligent adj.聪敏的；有智慧的；智能的→intelligence n．智力；智慧
3．generous adj.无私的；慷慨的；大方的→generously adv.慷慨地→generosity n．慷慨；大方
4．creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地→creativity n．创造性，创造力→creative adj.有创造力的→create vt.创造
5．recognition n．辨认出；表彰；赞扬；认可→recognise vt.承认；公认→recognised adj.公认的，认可的
6．academy n．研究院；学会→academic adj.学术的；学业的→academically adv.学术上
7．limited adj.有限的→limiting adj.限制性的→limit vt.& n．限制→limitation n．控制；局限→limitless adj.无限的
8．promising adj.大有希望的→promise v．承诺；答应；预示 n．承诺；吉兆，迹象
9．wisdom n．知识，学问；智慧→wise adj.明智的→wisely adv.明智地
10．advance n．进步，进展；预付款 vi.前进；进展，进步 vt.提出；促进，推动；预支(钱)→advanced adj.高级的；先进的
11．independence n．独立→independent adj.独立的，自主的→independently adv.独立地
12．peaceful adj.和平的，没有暴力的→peace n．和平→peacefully adv.和平地；平静地
13．racial adj.种族的；人种的→race n．比赛，竞赛；种族 vi.& vt.(与……)比赛
14．impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的→impression n．印象→impress v．给……留下印象；使钦佩
15．passion n．强烈的爱好，热爱；激情→passionate adj.具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的
16．strike vi.& vt.突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击；打动，感动；划(火柴)；罢工；突然想到；(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；(钟)敲 n．罢工→striking adj.显著的；突出的；引人注目的
17．depression n．忧郁，沮丧，消沉；抑郁症→depress vt.使沮丧→depressed adj.沮丧的→depressing adj.令人沮丧的
18．intense adj.强烈的，剧烈的→intensity n．强烈，紧张；强度→intensify v．加剧，增强
19．design vt.& n．计划，设计→designer n．设计师
20．admirable adj.令人钦佩的；极其出色的→admire vt.钦佩；赞赏；欣赏→admiring adj.赞赏的，钦佩的→admiration n．钦佩；赞赏；羡慕
21．honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt.感到荣幸→honourable adj.值得尊敬的；品格高尚的→honoured adj.受尊敬的；感到荣幸的
22．respect n．& vt.尊敬；敬佩 n．方面→respectable adj.值得尊敬的→respectful adj.恭敬的；有礼貌的→respective adj.各自的，分别的→respectively adv.分别，各自
23．cure vt.治好(疾病)；治愈；纠正/去除(弊端等) n．疗法→curable adj.可治愈的→incurable adj.不能治愈的；无可救药的
24．justice n．公平，公正→injustice n．不公平，不公正→just adj.正义的；公正的→justify v．证明……正确(或正当、有理)；为……辩护
25．effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→ineffective adj.无效果的→effect n．效果；作用
26．awareness n．认识；意识→aware adj.意识到的；认识到的→unaware adj.没意识到的
27．disability n．伤残，残障，障碍→ability n．能力→able adj.能够的
28．judge vi.& vt.评价；判断 n．法官；裁判员→judg(e)ment n．判断→misjudge v．对(时间、距离等)判断错误
29．establish vt.建立，设立→establishment n．建立，设立
30．movement n．运动，动作，活动→move v．移动；使感动→moving adj.动人的；移动的，运动的
31．commitment n．投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺→commit v．承诺；忠于；犯(罪或错等)；投入→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
32．engage vi.参与，参加 vt.吸引；雇用，聘请→engagement n．约定；订婚→engaged adj.忙于……的；订婚的→engaging adj.迷人的
33．chemical n．化学品 adj.化学的→chemically adv.化学上；以化学方法→chemist n．化学家；药剂师→chemistry n．化学
34．novelist n．小说家→novel n．小说 adj.新颖的
35．journalist n．新闻工作者→journal n．报纸，刊物；日志
积累——构词法　学一法　会一类
1．前缀dis-：可用于构成形容词、副词、名词或动词，表示“不是；与之相对；与之相反”。如：disability是在名词ability“能力”前加dis-，其字面意义为“与能力相对”，即没有能力，也就是“伤残，障碍”。
2．后缀-ment：用于构成名词，表示“……的行为(或结果)”。如establish→establishment，move→movement。
3．表示“职业”的后缀：
(1)-ist一般表示“xx家”，一般是社会地位比较高的职业或身份。如chemist，novelist，journalist，pianist，physicist。
(2)-ian一般表示“专长于……的人，……专家”。如musician，magician。
(3)-ant/-ent表示“……者”，可以表示职业，但更倾向于表示这个职业代表的身份。如servant，patient。
(4)-er和-ee是对应的，一个表示主动，一个表示被动。如employer(雇用者)→employee(被雇用者)，trainer(训练者)→trainee(受训者)。
(1)From my point of view，we should face our drawbacks bravely rather than disown them.________________(猜加黑词义)
(2)She tried her best to discredit Peter but he is seen as one of the good guys by the majority of those around him.________________
(3)If people disregard the great works of the past，it is because these works no longer answer the needs of the present.________________
(4)A florist employs a professional writer to craft customers’ messages.________________
(5)He was an electrician by profession and he was good at diagnosing electrical faults.________________
(6)The addresser is Mr Smith and the addressee is Mr White and they have been friends for many years.________________　________________
(7)Unexpectedly，the ________________(announce) only resulted in confusion.
(8)After hearing what the eyewitness had stated，the judge kept nodding in ________________(agree)．
1．vomit/'v mIt/vi.& vt.呕吐
2．publicity/p 'blIs ti/n.宣传，推广；关注，报道
3．stunt/st nt/n.噱头
4．tsunami/ts 'nɑ mi/n.海啸
5．scandal/'sk ndl/n.丑闻
6．premature/'prem t /adj.过早的，过快的
7．shroud/ ra d/vt.隐瞒，将……保密
8．hop/h p/vi.快速或突然去某处
9．sweaty/'sweti/adj.满是汗的
10．get butterflies (in your stomach)(做某事前)情绪紧张，心里发慌
11．handicap/'h ndik p/n.残障，残疾
12．lyric/'lIrIk/n.歌词
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．put out fires灭火
2．fight for...努力争取，为……斗争
3．have...in mind心里已有……
4．apart from...除……之外
5．come across偶然发现；偶遇；被理解
6．pick out挑选
7．with the help of在……的帮助下
8．volunteer to do sth自愿做某事
9．be noted for因为……而著名
10．behind bars在牢里
11．What a shame！真遗憾！
12．the other day不久前某一天
13．be regarded as被认为，被看作
14．due to由于，因为
15．in spite of尽管……(仍……)；虽然；不顾
16．lead to导致；造成
17．be based on以……为基础
18．in support of支持
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．The woman was Tu Youyou，the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her work.(动词不定式作后置定语)
这位女士就是屠呦呦，是中国第一位被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
2．When thanking the Committee for the honour，Tu Youyou said，“This is not only an honour for myself，but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China.”(状语从句的省略)
屠呦呦感谢(诺贝尔)委员会授予她如此殊荣，她说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。”
3．Later，she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices.(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
后来，她跟随该领域的专家学习了两年半的中医学，从中对传统医学有了深刻的了解。
4．Thus，not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films，but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life.(not only...but also...的倒装结构)
因此，他不仅是《超人》电影中的超级英雄，在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。
5．So you can see，I’m too busy with living to think of giving up！(too...to...太……而不能……)
所以你可以看到，我忙于生活，无暇考虑是否放弃！
体验——析真题长句　知高考难度
(2024·浙江1月)As it has been many years since I last used one，I should hardly be surprised that there are no longer any public telephones near my house.
[句式分析]　本句是________句。as引导________从句，其中since引导____________从句；主句中作____________的形容词surprised后接that从句。
[尝试翻译]　
There are always admirable figures in history with wisdom and a high reputation，whatever their careers are！They can be firefighters who put out fires，leaders on the 1.____________(politics) stage who fight for justice，and those who reform economic systems for the advances of mankind.They are intelligent，generous and have all human beings’ interest in mind.Apart from that，they have gained worldwide recognition and honour.Here are some 2.____________(example)．
Renowned Tu Youyou 3.____________________(award) the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2015 and has high fame all over the world.The female medical scientist，together with her staff，found 4.__________ effective drug to cure malaria.They had looked through a lot of medical literature and studied chemical properties of various herbs before they eventually came across the recipe,5.__________ held the potential to cure malaria，despite limited medical resources.
Daring and energetic Gandhi was respected because he led India to 6.____________(independent) from the UK in a peaceful way.In spite of being behind bars，passionate Gandhi undertook 7.__________________(educate) prisoners to seize every opportunity to study.8.____________(inspire) by him，Martin Luther King established some promising organisations and organised the peaceful protests and movements against evil racial discrimination.Many people know of his impressive，remarkable and inspiring speech I Have a Dream.Many other people engage in great tasks creatively and still others advocate 9.____________(help) people with disabilities.
In summary，judging from what they have done，they are regarded as heroes and are admired from generation to generation due to their intense passion or ongoing commitment 10.____________________ their careers.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
admirable adj.令人钦佩的；极其出色的 (admire vt.钦佩；赞赏；欣赏 admiring adj.赞赏的，钦佩的 admiration n．钦佩；赞赏；羡慕)
admire sb for sth因某事而赞赏/钦佩某人 with/in admiration赞赏地，钦佩地 have/express admiration for sb/sth赞赏/钦佩某人/物
(1)(话题写作之人物描写)I admire my boss ___________ his ____________(admire) commitment to his career.Besides，we express ____________(admire) for his being generous.
(2)同学们都跑到我面前，钦佩地惊叹：“你在写作比赛中获得了一等奖。”(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
My classmates all rushed to me and _______________________________________，“You have won first prize in the writing contest.”
(3)(话题写作之传统文化)在中秋节的晚上，人们聚在一起享用盛宴并欣赏月亮。
On the evening of Mid-Autumn Day，people _______________________________________.
award vt.授予；给予 n．奖，奖赏；奖金；奖品
award sb for sth因某事颁奖给某人 award sth to sb(＝award sb sth)把某物颁发给某人 win/receive/get an award (for...)(因……而)赢得/得到/获得奖项
(1)Considering all the challenging tasks he had undertaken，it is not surprising that he got ____________ award of up to 50,000 dollars.
(2)虽然大卫是最后一个到达终点线的选手，但裁判们因为他的毅力和决心而给他颁发了鼓励奖。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
While David was the last runner to reach the finishing line，judges _________________________ for his strong will and determination.
(3)(读后续写之激动心情描写)当他因出色的表现而被授予一等奖时，他流下了激动的眼泪。(award vt.)
_____________________________________________________________________，he shed tears of excitement.
honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt.感到荣幸；尊敬 (honourable adj.值得尊敬的；品格高尚的 honoured adj.受尊敬的；感到荣幸的)
It’s an honour for sb to do sth.对某人来说做某事很荣幸。 feel it an honour to do sth为做某事感到荣幸 in honour of...为向……表示敬意；为纪念…… be/feel honoured to do sth做某事感到荣幸
(1)Zhang Zhongjing ________________________________________________(honour) as a remarkable master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty，who used various herbs to cure numerous patients of severe diseases.
(2)(话题写作之传统节日)人们庆祝端午节以纪念屈原，他是一位伟大的富有激情的中国诗人。
People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival ____________________________________ Qu Yuan，who was a great and passionate Chinese poet.
(3)我非常荣幸有机会就一个与我们大家息息相关的问题——建设低碳校园——做演讲。(2024·天津，书面表达)
________________________________________________________________________________________________ to deliver a speech on an issue that concerns us all—building a low-carbon campus.
impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的 (impression n．印象 impress v．给……留下印象；使钦佩)
leave/make a(n)．..impression on sb给某人留下……的印象 impress sb with sth 用……令某人印象深刻 impress sth on/upon sb使某人意识到某事 impress sth on/upon one’s memory 使某人铭记某事/对……印象深刻 be impressed by/with (某人)对……印象深刻 What impressed sb most was/is that...让某人印象最深的是……
(1)(话题写作之旅游景点介绍)What is the most __________(impress) about Jiuzhaigou National Park is its various waterfalls and colorful lakes.
(2)我认为您精彩的讲座会给我们留下深刻的印象，激发我们对文学作品的热情。(2024·上海1月，书面表达)
I figure that ____________________________________________________，stimulating our passion for literary works.
(3)在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”中让我印象最深刻的是文化沙龙，它帮助我一睹这两种文化的多样性和丰富性。(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作)
______________________________________________ was the cultural salon at the China-Ireland Cultural Festival，which helped me gain a glimpse into the diversity and richness of the two cultures.
respect n．& vt.尊敬；敬佩 n．方面 (respectable adj.值得尊敬的 respectful adj.恭敬的；有礼貌的 respective adj.各自的，分别的 respectively adv.分别，各自)
have/show respect for尊敬；尊重；重视 give/send one’s respects to 代某人向……问候 in every respect/in all respects在各方面 in respect of＝with respect to至于，关于；就……而言 respect sb for sth因某事而尊重某人
(1)(读后续写之动作描写)我一直带着灿烂的微笑恭恭敬敬地向每一位顾客鞠躬。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________，wearing a big smile all the time.
(2)任何时候都欢迎你来体验中国的科技进步，请代我向你的家人致意。(2024·天津3月，书面表达)
You are welcome at any time to experience the technological advances in China and ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
(3)(话题写作之人物介绍)在各方面，总有值得尊敬的人。关于我最尊敬的人，我不得不提到我的数学老师。我尊敬他是因为每当我们遇到困难时，他总能给予我们及时且慷慨的帮助。
____________________________________________，there are always ________________ people.__________________________________________________，I have to mention my maths teacher.I ______________________ his timely and generous assistance whenever we come across difficulties.
regard vt.认为，看作；注视，打量 n．关注；尊重；(pl.)问候，致意(regarding prep.关于，至于)
regard sb/sth as...把……看作…… be regarded as被看作；被当作 with/in regard to sth关于某事 give/send one’s regards (to sb)代某人(向某人)问好
(1)When you go home，please send my ____________(regard) to your parents.
(2)(议论文写作之太空探索)关于太空探索，人们意见各异。一些人认为它是解决人类面临问题的一个非凡的方法。另一方面，探索太空被认为是浪费金钱。
______________________________________________ space exploration，opinions vary from person to person.Some people ____________________________________________________ a remarkable way to solve the problems faced by mankind.On the other hand，exploring space ____________________________________ a waste of money.
awareness n．认识；意识 (aware adj.意识到的；认识到的 unaware adj.没意识到的)
raise/strengthen one’s awareness of提高/增强某人的……意识 be/become aware of/that...意识到……；明白…… as far as I’m aware据我所知
(1)The boy，totally ____________(aware) of the severe result of his movement，approached the wolf boldly.
(2)据我所知，现在越来越多的人意识到海洋目前的糟糕状况。因此，应该开展更多的活动来增强人们海洋保护的意识。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
_______________________，now more and more people _____________________.Consequently，more activities should be launched to _________________________________________.
strike vi.& vt.突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击；打动，感动；划(火柴)；罢工；突然想到；(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；(钟)敲 n．罢工 (striking adj.显著的；突出的；引人注目的)
be struck with/by被……所袭击/感动 It strikes sb that...某人觉得……；某人突然想到…… strike...into one’s heart使某人感到…… be on strike在罢工 go on strike举行罢工
(1)A good idea ____________(strike) us that we could protest the new rule by negotiating peacefully instead of being ____________ strike and I strongly believed that we could achieve ____________(strike) results.
(2)The film Jaws was so scary that it struck fear ________ people’s heart.
(3)(读后续写之心理描写)被他为我做的事情感动，我无法控制自己，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。
____________________________________________________________，I couldn’t contain myself，tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.(运用过去分词短语作状语)
(4)Gunter突然想到他可以抄近路在约定的时间把我送到目的地，我松了口气。(2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
______________________________________________________________________ to transport me to the destination at the appointed time and I sighed in relief.
design vt.& n．计划，设计(designer n．设计师)
be designed for sth/sb为……而设计 be designed to do sth旨在做……，为做……而设计 by design＝on purpose故意地
(1)We didn’t know whether the journalist did it ________ design or accident.
(2)这个讲座是专门为那些对英国文学感兴趣的学生设计的，所以我写信告诉你两个可以立即引起他们兴趣的问题。(2024·上海1月，书面表达)
________________________________________________________________________________，so I am writing to inform you of the two questions that can immediately attract their interest.
(3)我们学校将举办“快乐童年展”，旨在鼓励我们珍惜童年，用创造力追求梦想。(2023·上海6月，书面表达)
Our school will hold a Happy Childhood Exhibition _____________________________ and pursue dreams with creativity.
come across 偶遇；偶然发现；被理解
come about发生(无被动形式) come on加油；到来；得了吧 come out出版；结果是；(花)开放 come up走近；上来；被提出 come up with提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等) when it comes to...当谈及……
用come短语的适当形式填空
(应用文写作之建议信)________________________ English learning，I have the following practical suggestions to share with you.Firstly，when you ________________________________ unfamiliar words，don’t always refer to the dictionary.Besides，when teachers’ questions ____________________________ in class，you should try to ________________________ answers.Lastly，even if you fail，you must say to yourself encouragingly，“____________________！”All in all，whatever ____________________，it will eventually ____________________ that you can make progress in English with determination.
due to由于；因为(due adj.预期的；预定的；到期的；应付的；应有的)
表示“因为”的短语还有because of，on account of，owing to，thanks to等等，这些短语都不能直接作谓语。 注意：lie in，consist in，result from，account for也有“因为”的意思，但是这些短语在句中常常作谓语。 be due to do sth预定/预期做某事
(1)The train that the famous novelist takes is due ________________________(arrive) at 11：15 am.
(2)正是由于我对历史的热爱，我学到了很多人生智慧。(2023·全国甲，书面表达)
It is ___________________________________________________________________________ my love for history that I have learned a lot of life wisdom.
状语从句的省略　When thanking the Committee for the honour，Tu Youyou said，“This is not only an honour for myself，but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China.”
屠呦呦感谢(诺贝尔)委员会授予她如此殊荣，她说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。”
状语从句的省略有两种情况： 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语部分含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。 当从句的主语是it，且谓语部分含有be动词时，可将从句主语it和be动词省略。
(1)He opened his mouth as if ________________________(say) something grateful.
(2)When ____________(inform) of the good news that I got first prize in the contest，I jumped for joy.(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
(3)如果可能的话，你可以组织一次环绕北京的徒步旅行，探索绿色空间，这将让参与者体验城市公园和花园的美丽，同时促进环保交通。(2023·北京，书面表达)
________________________________________，you can organize a walking tour around Beijing to explore the green spaces，which will allow participants to experience the beauty of the city’s parks and gardens ____________________________________________________________.
not only...but also...　Thus, not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films，but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life.
因此，他不仅是《超人》电影中的超级英雄，在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。
not only...but also...“不但……而且……”连接两个平行结构。当连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则；当连接两个并列的分句且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，but also后面的句子不倒装。
(1)Not only my foreign classmates but also my head teacher ____________(be) keen on making Chinese knots.(2023·天津6月，书面表达)
(2)正如短视频所示，为了提高英语口语，社团成员不仅在课堂上说英语，而且在英语角说英语。到目前为止，不仅我而且其他每一个成员都取得了很大的进步。(2022·天津6月，书面表达)
As is shown in the short video clip，to improve oral English，club members speak English ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.So far not only I but also each of the other members ___________________________________________________.
(3)你的父母不仅会尊重你的爱好，还会给你提供一些指导。(2024·上海6月，书面表达)
Not only ________________________________________________________________________ but they also will provide you with some guidance.
too...to...　So you can see，I’m too busy with living to think of giving up! 所以你可以看到，我忙于生活，无暇考虑是否放弃！
too＋adj./adv.(for sb)＋to do sth表示否定的意义，意为“太……而不能……”。 当“too...to...”结构修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词，如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等时，表示肯定意义，意为“非常”。 can’t/can never...too...再怎么……也不过分
(话题写作之长城)我非常高兴地得知您对长城感兴趣。长城太壮观而不容错过。正如一句老话所说：“不到长城非好汉。” 因此，我怎么强调爬长城的意义都不过分。
____________________________________________________________________ you are keen on the Great Wall.The Great Wall is ____________________________________________.Just as an old saying goes，“He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” So ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
1．The boy who had rough skin① skinned② a banana and then threw its skin③ into the rubbish bin.
①________________　②________________
③________________
2．I always regard① your father as the most respectable person，who pays regard② to other people’s feelings，and I have high regard③ for him.Whenever I am frustrated，he will regard④ me with concern in his eyes，comforting and encouraging me.Therefore，please give my regards⑤ to him when you return home.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
⑤________________
3．My boss advanced① towards me，patted me on the shoulder and advanced② an idea that I should go back to college to advance③ my career，promising to advance④ my next year’s salary to me.I spared no effort to advance⑤ in my studies，swearing that I would work for the company after graduation.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
⑤________________
4．With the clock striking① nine，it struck② me that my brother would be on strike③ together with his colleagues.Although a rainstorm was striking④ the city，I put on my coat，drove my car and dashed for the spot，where my brother was unluckily struck⑤ by a tree branch on the head.What struck⑥ me most was that his workmates were rushing him to hospital.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
⑤________________　⑥________________
5．My father engaged① a tutor to improve my maths and the teacher’s teaching methods engaged② my interest.Besides，the teacher strongly suggested that I should engage③ in regular exercise.
①________________　②________________
③________________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Listening to the story about how the explorer survived the whirlpool，we looked at him with _____________(admire)．
2．____________(judge) from his cheerful expression，he must have won the battle.
3．I feel greatly ____________(honour) to give a lecture about how to deal with the greenhouse effect.
4．His honesty left a deep ____________(impress) on me and that was why he was given the job.
5．The firefighters rescued many people trapped in the ruins and their bravery was really ____________(respect)．
6．Tang poetry，which is regarded ____________ a treasure in Chinese literature，has influenced generations of writers.
7．In order to arouse the public ____________(aware) of wildlife protection，the Students’ Council is going to organize an English speech contest with the theme of “Living in Harmony”．
8．____________ struck me that I could learn to conduct an experiment by observing the students ahead of me.
9．The brochure is specially designed ____________ the women living in remote villages.
10．He was awarded ____________ his great contributions to the disaster-stricken area.
11．I am writing to invite you to attend the lecture designed ____________________(improve) your interest in insects.
12．When ____________(give) a lecture about ecology，he was interrupted by scary noises.
13．To buy a vehicle，he undertook ________________(take) another part-time job to make more money.
14．To lessen economic losses，I strongly advocate ___________(make) a scientific plan in advance.
15．Engaging ____________ more colorful after-class activities proves to be rewarding and beneficial to our development.
2023·天津3月 ,假如你是晨光中学学生李津。你的英国朋友Chris正在学习中文，上周他在邮件中询问你“活雷锋”是什么意思，请根据以下提示回复邮件： 1.解释什么是“活雷锋”； 2.介绍一位你身边的活雷锋； 3.鼓励他继续学习中文。
完成句子
1．得知你不知道什么是“活雷锋”，我写信告诉你一些相关的事情。(be unaware of；现在分词短语作状语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．活雷锋不仅继承了雷锋的精神，而且在当今社会做着雷锋曾经做过的事情。(not only...but also...的倒装结构)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．当看到别人有困难时，他总是不辞辛劳地伸出援助之手，他因此赢得了同事和邻居的热烈赞扬。(状语从句的省略；“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．就我个人而言，正是由于他的慷慨和善良，我将他视作我的榜样。(due to；regard；强调句型)
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5．如果你遇到任何关于中文的问题，我非常愿意帮助你成为一个活雷锋。(too...to...)
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组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
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教材语料整合
亮词 [动作描写]　come across；pick out；strike；undertake；engage
[人物描写]　admirable；remarkable；intelligent；generous；promising；renowned；wisdom；potential； impressive；passionate；commitment；energetic；daring
美句 1.While horseback riding，he was thrown off his horse and broke his neck.(动作描写) 2．During this time，Reeve felt like he had lost all hope.Having once been a healthy and successful young man to being trapped in a broken body was like a living nightmare to him.(比喻句) 3．Reeve became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities，raising millions of dollars in support of medical research.(人物描写)
拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：惊讶
单词 open-mouthed adj.(因惊愕)张着口的，目瞪口呆的 surprise/amaze/astonish vt.使吃惊，使惊讶→surprised/amazed/astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的→surprising/amazing/astonishing adj.令人吃惊的→surprise/amazement/astonishment n．吃惊，惊讶 shock vt.使震惊n.震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的
词块 much to one’s shock/astonishment/surprise/amazement令某人十分震惊/吃惊/惊讶/惊奇的是　in disbelief难以置信地　come as a shock to sb让某人震惊　a look of surprise spreads over/flashes across one’s face某人的脸上出现惊讶的表情　have a look of surprise on one’s face某人一脸惊讶的表情　eyes widen in surprise/astonishment惊讶地睁大眼睛　stare/gaze at sb with wide eyes/stare at sb in wide-eyed amazement惊讶地睁大眼睛看着某人　one’s mouth drops/hangs open in surprise惊讶地张大嘴　gasp in astonishment吃惊得倒吸一口气　a tone/voice of surprise/a surprised tone/voice惊讶的口气/声音　give a cry of surprise吃惊得喊出声来　too surprised/astonished to utter a word/be speechless with shock惊讶得说不出话来　freeze/stand still/stop dead/be numb with shock惊呆了　shake one’s head in disbelief 难以置信地摇头　gape at张口结舌地看，目瞪口呆地凝视　one’s jaw drops/falls 张口结舌
句型 It gave me a shock when I realized I had missed my train.当我意识到我已赶不上火车时，我感到震惊。 He froze，his mouth hanging open.(独立主格)他僵住了，张着嘴。 I froze with shock，as if rooted to the ground.(状语从句的省略) 我震惊得僵住了，仿佛在地上扎了根。 I got first prize in the writing competition，with a spark of surprise flashing across my face.(with复合结构)我在写作比赛中得了一等奖，脸上闪过一丝惊喜。 Staring at her with wide eyes，I hardly believed what she had done.(现在分词短语作状语) 我睁大眼睛凝视着她，简直不敢相信她所做的一切。 Everyone gasped in astonishment as the cars came around the last bend. 当汽车驶过最后一个弯道时，每个人都惊讶得倒吸一口气。 Confused and astonished，he gaped at the wall，wide-eyed.(形容词作状语) 他既困惑又惊讶，瞪大眼睛张口结舌地望着墙壁。 After what seemed like a long time，he recovered from shock. 似乎过了很长一段时间，他才从震惊中回过神来。
语料运用　主题：追求科学
Intelligent and energetic，Jeremy desired to go on a field trip to the Museum of Natural History when he was in 6th grade，but unluckily he fell ill，①__________________________________(独立主格)．He was pressed to take medicine and fell asleep soon.②______________________(无灵主语)．When he awoke，his father asked him to meet renowned and generous Professor Helfand，who would allow him to visit his observatory.③_____________________________________(形容词作状语)．④________________________________________________________，with a smile flashing across his face.When seeing many big bright stars，he froze there，and then ⑤____________________________________________________________.When the professor invited him to join his team，he ⑥____________________________________________ and he just kept nodding his head in disbelief.
聪明又精力充沛的杰里米六年级时想去自然历史博物馆进行实地考察，但不幸的是他病了，失望的泪水顺着他的脸颊流下来。他被督促着吃了药，很快就睡着了。一想到要错过这次实地考察，绝望就笼罩了他。当他醒来时，他的父亲让他去见著名且慷慨的赫尔方教授，他允许他参观他的天文台。他又困惑又惊讶，目瞪口呆地望着教授。似乎过了很长一段时间，他才从震惊中回过神来，脸上闪过一丝微笑。当看到许多又大又亮的星星时，他愣在那里，然后惊奇地叫了一声。当教授邀请他加入他的团队时，他惊讶得一句话也说不出来，只是难以置信地不停地点着头。
答案精析
排查·基础知识
积累
(1)不承认为己所有　(2)败坏……的名声　(3)忽视，不理会
(4)花商　(5)电工，电气技师　(6)发信人；收信人
(7)announcement　(8)agreement
体验
主从复合　原因状语　时间状语　表语　由于距离我上次使用公用电话已经有很多年了，所以我对我家附近不再有公用电话几乎不感到惊讶。
词汇串记
1．political　2.examples　3.was awarded　4.an　5.which　6.independence　7.to educate　8.Inspired　9.helping　10.to
突破·核心考点
1．(1)for；admirable；admiration　(2)exclaimed with/in admiration　(3)get together to enjoy a feast and admire the moon
2．(1)an　(2)awarded him Encouragement Prize/awarded Encouragement Prize to him　(3)When (he was) awarded first prize for his excellent performance
3．(1)has been honoured　(2)in honour of　(3)It is a great honour for me to have the opportunity/I feel it a great honour to have the opportunity/I feel greatly honoured to have the opportunity
4．(1)impressive　(2)your awesome lecture will leave a deep impression on us/you will impress us with your awesome lecture/you will impress your awesome lecture on our memory/we will be impressed with your awesome lecture　(3)What impressed me most
5．(1)I bowed respectfully to every customer　(2)please give/send my respects to your family　(3)In every respect/In all respects；respectable；With respect to/In respect of the person I have respect for/respect most；respect him for
6．(1)regards　(2)With/In regard to/Regarding；regard it as；is regarded as
7．(1)unaware　(2)As far as I’m aware；are/become aware of the terrible situation of oceans at present；raise/strengthen people’s awareness of ocean protection
8．(1)struck；on；striking　(2)into　(3)Struck by/with what he had done for me　(4)It struck Gunter that he could take a shortcut
9．(1)by　(2)The lecture is specially designed for those students (who are) interested in English literature　(3)(which is) designed to inspire us to cherish our childhood
10．When it comes to；come across；come up；come up with；Come on；comes about；come out
11．(1)to arrive　(2)due to/owing to/thanks to/because of/on account of
12．(1)to say　(2)informed　(3)If possible；while promoting eco-friendly transportation
13．(1)is　(2)not only in class but also at the English corner；has made great progress　(3)will your parents respect your hobby
14．I am too pleased to learn that；too spectacular to miss；I can’t/can never stress the significance of climbing the Great Wall too much
基础达标
Ⅰ.1.①n.皮肤　②vt.剥去……的皮　③n.(植物、果实等的)外皮，壳
2．①vt.认为，看作　②n.关注　③n.尊重　④vt.注视，打量　⑤n.问候，致意
3．①vi.前进　②vt.提出　③vt.促进，推动　④vt.预支(钱)　⑤vi.进展，进步
4．①v.(钟)敲　②v.突然想到　③n.罢工　④v.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击　⑤v.打，击　⑥v.打动，感动
5．①vt.雇用，聘请　②vt.吸引　③vi.参与，参加
Ⅱ.1.admiration　2.Judging　3.honoured　4.impression
5．respectable　6.as　7.awareness　8.It　9.for　10.for
11．to improve　12.giving　13.to take　14.making　15.in
提升·写作能力　应用文增分练
参考范文
Dear Chris，
How are you？Learning that you are unaware of what “a living Lei Feng” is，I’m writing to tell you something relevant.
Lei Feng is a role model for the Chinese people because he was always willing and ready to help those in need.Not only does a living Lei Feng inherit the spirit of Lei Feng but he/she also does what Lei Feng used to do in the present society.My brother is a person like this.When seeing others in trouble，he always goes out of his way to offer a hand，for which he has won warm praises from both his workmates and neighbours.Personally，it is due to his generosity and kindness that I regard him as my role model.
I hope that my introduction may be helpful to you and that you make even greater progress in learning Chinese.If you come across any questions concerning Chinese，I am too willing to help you in being a living Lei Feng.
Yours，
Li Jin
续写积累提能练
①tears of disappointment streaming down his cheeks
②Despair seized him at the thought of missing the field trip　③Confused and astonished，he gaped at the professor，wide-eyed
④After what seemed like a long time，he recovered from shock
⑤gave a cry of surprise　⑥was too astonished to utter a word(共133张PPT)
THE ADMIRABLE
必修第二册　 UNIT 6
内容索引
排查基础知识
突破核心考点
提升写作能力
排查基础知识
Part One
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
n.邪恶之事；祸害
adj.邪恶的
n.蚊子
n.委员会
n.药草
n.处方；秘诀
1
evil
2
mosquito
3
committee
知识速记
4
herb
5
recipe
n.名声，名誉
adj.著名的，有名望的
vi.& vt.(使)结合；(使)成为一体
n.歧视
n.铁栅；(门、窗等的)闩
adj.不证自明的；显而易见的
n.噩梦，梦魇
6
fame
7
renowned
8
integrate
9
discrimination
10
bar
11
self-evident
12
nightmare
adj.继续进行的，不断发展的
n.传记
13
ongoing
14
biography
n.职业，事业
n.一代(人)
n.改革；改进
n.人类
adj.& adv.分开；散开
n.药物，药材；毒品
adj.女(性)的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1
career
2
generation
3
reform
4
mankind
5
apart
6
drug
7
female
n.舞台；阶段
vt.授予；给予
n.奖，奖赏；奖金；奖品
vt.获得，赢得，取得；受益
n.好处；利益
n.文献资料；著述；文学
n.物力；资源
8
stage
9
award
10
gain
11
literature
12
resource
n.全体职员，员工
adv.最终；终于
prep.尽管；虽然
n.潜力；可能性
n.& vi.& vt.抗议；反对
adj.鼓舞人心的
n.皮肤；(植物、果实等的)外皮，壳
vt.剥去……的皮
13
staff
14
eventually
15
despite
16
potential
17
protest
18
inspiring
19
skin
adj.更多的，进一步
adv.更远，进一步地
n.示威游行，抗议游行
n.令人惊恐的事
vt.认为，看作；注视，打量
n.关注；尊重 ；(pl.)问候，致意
n.机会；时机
20
further
21
march
22
horror
23
regard
24
opportunity
n.名誉；名望
n.组织；团体；机构
adj.很严重的
vt.着手做，承担；允诺 ；答应
adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
vt.拥护；主张
n.提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者
25
reputation
26
organisation
27
severe
28
undertake
29
energetic
30
advocate
n.看法，态度
n.概要；摘要；总结
adj.勇敢的
adv.原先，最初
31
attitude
32
summary
33
daring
34
originally
1
2
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
remarkable adj.不寻常的；显著的；非凡的
→remarkably adv.显著地；非凡地
→remark n.& vi.& vt.评论；谈论
intelligent adj.聪敏的；有智慧的；智能的
→intelligence n.智力；智慧
3
generous adj.无私的；慷慨的；大方的
→generously adv.慷慨地
→generosity n.慷慨；大方
4
creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地
→creativity n.创造性，创造力
→creative adj.有创造力的
→create vt.创造
5
6
recognition n.辨认出；表彰；赞扬 ；认可
→recognise vt.承认；公认
→recognised adj.公认的，认可的
academy n.研究院；学会
→academic adj.学术的；学业的
→academically adv.学术上
7
limited adj.有限的
→limiting adj.限制性的
→limit vt.& n.限制
→limitation n.控制；局限
→limitless adj.无限的
8
9
promising adj.大有希望的
→promise v.承诺；答应；预示 n.承诺；吉兆，迹象
wisdom n.知识，学问；智慧
→wise adj.明智的
→wisely adv.明智地
10
11
advance n.进步，进展；预付款 vi.前进；进展，进步
vt.提出 ；促进，推动 ；预支(钱)
→advanced adj.高级的；先进的
independence n.独立
→independent adj.独立的，自主的
→independently adv.独立地
12
13
peaceful adj.和平的，没有暴力的
→peace n.和平
→peacefully adv.和平地；平静地
racial adj.种族的；人种的
→race n.比赛，竞赛；种族 vi.& vt.(与……)比赛
14
15
impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的
→impression n.印象
→impress v.给……留下印象；使钦佩
passion n.强烈的爱好，热爱；激情
→passionate adj.具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的
16
strike vi.& vt.突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击；
打动，感动 ；划(火柴) ；罢工 ；突然想到 ；(雷电、
暴风雨等)袭击 ；(钟)敲 n.罢工
→striking adj.显著的；突出的；引人注目的
17
depression n.忧郁，沮丧，消沉；抑郁症
→depress vt.使沮丧
→depressed adj.沮丧的
→depressing adj.令人沮丧的
18
19
intense adj.强烈的，剧烈的
→intensity n.强烈，紧张；强度
→intensify v.加剧，增强
design vt.& n.计划，设计
→designer n.设计师
20
admirable adj.令人钦佩的；极其出色的
→admire vt.钦佩；赞赏；欣赏
→admiring adj.赞赏的，钦佩的
→admiration n.钦佩；赞赏；羡慕
21
honour n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt.感到荣幸
→honourable adj.值得尊敬的；品格高尚的
→honoured adj.受尊敬的；感到荣幸的
22
respect n.& vt.尊敬；敬佩 n.方面
→respectable adj.值得尊敬的
→respectful adj.恭敬的；有礼貌的
→respective adj.各自的，分别的
→respectively adv.分别，各自
23
cure vt.治好(疾病)；治愈；纠正/去除(弊端等) n.疗法
→curable adj.可治愈的
→incurable adj.不能治愈的；无可救药的
24
justice n.公平，公正
→injustice n.不公平，不公正
→just adj.正义的；公正的
→justify v.证明……正确(或正当、有理)；为……辩护
25
26
effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的
→ineffective adj.无效果的
→effect n.效果；作用
awareness n.认识；意识
→aware adj.意识到的；认识到的
→unaware adj.没意识到的
27
28
disability n.伤残，残障，障碍
→ability n.能力
→able adj.能够的
judge vi.& vt.评价；判断 n.法官；裁判员
→judg(e)ment n.判断
→misjudge v.对(时间、距离等)判断错误
29
30
establish vt.建立，设立
→establishment n.建立，设立
movement n.运动，动作，活动
→move v.移动；使感动
→moving adj.动人的；移动的，运动的
31
commitment n.投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺
→commit v.承诺；忠于；犯(罪或错等)；投入
→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
32
engage vi.参与，参加 vt.吸引 ；雇用，聘请
→engagement n.约定；订婚
→engaged adj.忙于……的；订婚的
→engaging adj.迷人的
33
chemical n.化学品 adj.化学的
→chemically adv.化学上；以化学方法
→chemist n.化学家；药剂师
→chemistry n.化学
34
35
novelist n.小说家
→novel n.小说adj.新颖的
journalist n.新闻工作者
→journal n.报纸，刊物；日志
1.前缀dis-：可用于构成形容词、副词、名词或动词，表示“不是；与之相对；与之相反”。如：disability是在名词ability“能力”前加dis-，其字面意义为“与能力相对”，即没有能力，也就是“伤残，障碍”。
2.后缀-ment：用于构成名词，表示“……的行为(或结果)”。如establish→establishment，move→movement。
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
3.表示“职业”的后缀：
(1)-ist一般表示“xx家”，一般是社会地位比较高的职业或身份。如chemist，novelist，journalist，pianist，physicist。
(2)-ian一般表示“专长于……的人，……专家”。如musician，magician。
(3)-ant/-ent表示“……者”，可以表示职业，但更倾向于表示这个职业代表的身份。如servant，patient。
(4)-er和-ee是对应的，一个表示主动，一个表示被动。如employer(雇用者)→employee(被雇用者)，trainer(训练者)→trainee(受训者)。
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
(1)From my point of view，we should face our drawbacks bravely rather than disown them.　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　(猜加颜色词义)
(2)She tried her best to discredit Peter but he is seen as one of the good guys by the majority of those around him.　　　　 　_______________
(3)If people disregard the great works of the past，it is because these works no longer answer the needs of the present.　　 　_____________
(4)A florist employs a professional writer to craft customers’ messages.
______
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
不承认为己所有
败坏……的名声
忽视，不理会
花商
(5)He was an electrician by profession and he was good at diagnosing electrical faults.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　_______________
(6)The addresser is Mr Smith and the addressee is Mr White and they have been friends for many years.　　　　　　　 　_______　_______
(7)Unexpectedly，the (announce) only resulted in confusion.
(8)After hearing what the eyewitness had stated，the judge kept nodding in (agree).
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
电工，电气技师
发信人
收信人
announcement
agreement
1.vomit/'v m t/ vi.& vt.呕吐
2.publicity/p 'bl s ti/ n.宣传，推广；关注，报道
3.stunt/st nt/ n.噱头
4.tsunami/ts 'nɑ mi/ n.海啸
5.scandal/'sk ndl/ n.丑闻
6.premature/'prem t / adj.过早的，过快的
1
3
——背选修词汇
拔高词汇
2
4
5
6
7.shroud/ ra d/ vt.隐瞒，将……保密
8.hop/h p/ vi.快速或突然去某处
9.sweaty/'sweti/ adj.满是汗的
10.get butterflies (in your stomach)
(做某事前)情绪紧张，心里发慌
11.handicap/'h ndik p/ n.残障，残疾
12.lyric/'l r k/ n.歌词
7
9
——背选修词汇
拔高词汇
8
10
11
12
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1
2
3
4
5
6
put out fires 灭火
fight for... 努力争取，为……斗争
have...in mind 心里已有……
apart from... 除……之外
come across 偶然发现；偶遇；被理解
pick out 挑选
with the help of 在……的帮助下
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事
be noted for 因为……而著名
behind bars 在牢里
What a shame！ 真遗憾！
the other day 不久前某一天
be regarded as 被认为，被看作
due to 由于，因为
14
15
16
17
18
in spite of 尽管……(仍……)；虽然；不顾
lead to 导致；造成
be based on 以……为基础
in support of 支持
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1
The woman was Tu Youyou，the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her work.(动词不定式作后置定语)
这位女士就是屠呦呦，是中国第一位被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
2
When thanking the Committee for the honour，Tu Youyou said，“This is not only an honour for myself，but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China.”(状语从句的省略)
屠呦呦感谢(诺贝尔)委员会授予她如此殊荣，她说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。”
3
Later，she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices.(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
后来，她跟随该领域的专家学习了两年半的中医学，从中对传统医学有了深刻的了解。
4
5
Thus，not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films，but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life.(not only...but also...的倒装结构)
因此，他不仅是《超人》电影中的超级英雄，在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。
So you can see，I’m too busy with living to think of giving up！(too...to...太……而不能……)
所以你可以看到，我忙于生活，无暇考虑是否放弃！
(2024·浙江1月)As it has been many years since I last used one，I should hardly be surprised that there are no longer any public telephones near my house.
[句式分析]　本句是 句。as引导 从句，其中since引导 从句；主句中作 的形容词surprised后接that从句。
[尝试翻译]　___________________________________________________
________________________________________
体验 —— 析真题长句　知高考难度
主从复合
原因状语
时间状语
表语
由于距离我上次使用公用电话已经有很多年了，所以我对我家附近不再有公用电话几乎不感到惊讶。
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.evil n.________________
adj._________
2.mosquito n.______
3.committee n._________
4.herb n.______
5.fame n.____________
6.integrate vi.& vt._______________________
默写
词汇句型巩固(默写练习一) 词汇默写
邪恶之事；祸害
邪恶的
蚊子
委员会
药草
名声，名誉
(使)结合；(使)成为一体
Ⅱ.重点单词
1. n.职业，事业
2. adv.最终；终于
3. n.一代(人)
4. n.改革；改进
5. n.人类
6. prep.尽管；虽然
7. n.潜力；可能性
8. n.舞台；阶段
career
eventually
generation
reform
mankind
despite
potential
stage
9. vt.授予；给予
n.奖，奖赏；奖金；奖品
10. vt.获得，赢得，取得；受益
n.好处；利益
11. n.文献资料；著述；文学
12. n.物力；资源
award
gain
literature
resource
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1. adv.创造性地；有创造力地
→ n.创造性，创造力
→ adj.有创造力的
→ vt.创造
2. n.研究院；学会
→ adj.学术的；学业的
→ adv.学术上
creatively
creativity
creative
create
academy
academic
academically
3. adj.种族的；人种的
→ n.比赛，竞赛；种族
vi.& vt.(与……)比赛
4. n.强烈的爱好，热爱；激情
→ adj.具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的
5. vi.& vt.突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；
打，击；打动，感动；划(火柴)；罢工；突然想
到；(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；(钟)敲
n.罢工
→ adj.显著的；突出的；引人注目的
racial
race
passion
passionate
strike
striking
6. n.忧郁，沮丧，消沉；抑郁症
→ vt.使沮丧
→ adj.沮丧的
→ adj.令人沮丧的
depression
depress
depressed
depressing
Ⅳ.拔高词汇
1.vomit vi.& vt.______
2.premature adj.________________
3.shroud vt.__________________
4. n.海啸
5. adj.满是汗的
呕吐
过早的，过快的
隐瞒，将……保密
tsunami
sweaty
Ⅴ.核心短语
1. 心里已有……
2. 偶然发现；偶遇；被理解
3. 在……的帮助下
4. 自愿做某事
5. 因为……而著名
6. 灭火
7. 努力争取，为……斗争
8. 除……之外
9. 挑选
have...in mind
come across
with the help of
volunteer to do sth
be noted for
put out fires
fight for...
apart from...
pick out
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Some of the audience that the celebrity was ugly，but I thought it was bad manners to make on the appearance of others and we had to admit that his performance on the stage was ___________ emotive and .(remark)
2.The explorer is such an man that all his colleagues show admiration for his .(intelligent)
3.It is of you to lend me the money and I’m appreciative of your .(generous)
词汇句型巩固(默写练习一) 语境运用
默写
remarked
remarks
remarkably
remarkable
intelligent
intelligence
generous
generously
generosity
4.Though the boy is recognized an excellent student by others，he has never got (recognize) from his father.
5.We should the use of coal because coal reserves are .We can turn to other cheap and potentially energy such as solar power.(limit)
6.He made a to stay with her forever，but couldn’t guarantee her a future.(promise)
7.Their performance left a deep on me.In other words，I was deeply by their show.(impress)
as
recognition
limit
limited
limitless
promise
promising
impressive
impression
impressed
8.The country had been fighting for its for decades and finally became in 1860.(independent)
9.Living in a village where everyone gets along with each other makes him very happy.(peace)
10.In reality，it is of you to consult Mr Black，who possesses much and he is bound to offer you some practical suggestions.(wise)
independence
independent
peaceful
peacefully
wise
wisdom
wisely
Ⅱ.单句写作，补全短文(微写作)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.我尊敬李华的原因是他有很多优点，我从中受益良多。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句) The Person I Respect
　　There are many respectable people around us.I am more than delighted to have Li Hua，a 17-year-old teenager，as my best friend，who is crazy about reading，learning and helping other people.
　　The reason why I have respect for/respect Li Hua is that he has many advantages，1._______________
.
from which I
benefit a lot
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
2.首先，他不仅让我知道如何好好学习，而且激励我读更多的书来开阔我的视野。(not only...　but also...的倒装结构) 3.最后但同样重要的是，每当我遇到困难时，他会是第一个毫不犹豫地来帮助我的人。(动词不定式作后置定语) First and foremost，2.____________________________
motivates me to read more books to broaden my horizons.Additionally，it is due to his encouragement and assistance that I can stick to my ambition rather than give up.Last but certainly not least，whenever I come across difficulties，he will be 3.________
.
　　Such is Li Hua，whom I respect most.I have the confidence that with such an excellent friend around me，I will become better and better.
not only does he make me know
how to study well but he also
the first
person to come to my assistance without hesitation
默写
词汇句型巩固(默写练习二) 词汇默写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.discrimination n._____
2.self-evident adj.________________________
3.nightmare n.____________
4.ongoing adj.________________________
5.biography n._____
歧视
不证自明的；显而易见的
噩梦，梦魇
继续进行的，不断发展的
传记
Ⅱ.重点单词
1. n.& vi.& vt.抗议；反对
2. adj.鼓舞人心的
3. n.令人惊恐的事
4. vt.着手做，承担；允诺；答应
5. n.示威游行，抗议游行
6. adj.勇敢的
7. n.机会；时机
8. n.名誉；名望
9. n.组织；团体；机构
protest
inspiring
horror
undertake
march
daring
opportunity
reputation
organisation
10. adv.原先，最初
11. adj.很严重的
12. adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
13. vt.拥护；主张
n.提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者
14. n.看法，态度
15. n.概要；摘要；总结
originally
severe
energetic
advocate
attitude
summary
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1. adj.强烈的，剧烈的
→ n.强烈，紧张；强度
→ v.加剧，增强
2. vt.治好(疾病)；治愈；纠正/去除(弊端等)
n.疗法
→ adj.可治愈的
→ adj.不能治愈的；无可救药的
intense
intensity
intensify
cure
curable
incurable
3. n.公平，公正
→ n.不公平，不公正
→ adj.正义的；公正的
4. adj.有效的，产生预期效果的
→ adj.无效果的
→ n.效果；作用
5. n.伤残，残障，障碍
→ n.能力
→ adj.能够的
justice
injustice
just
effective
ineffective
effect
disability
ability
able
6. vt.建立，设立
→ n.建立，设立
7. n.运动，动作，活动
→ v.移动；使感动
→ adj.动人的；移动的，运动的
8. vi.参与，参加
vt.吸引；雇用，聘请
→ n.约定；订婚
→ adj.忙于……的；订婚的
→ adj.迷人的
establish
establishment
movement
move
moving
engage
engagement
engaged
engaging
9. n.化学品
adj.化学的
→ n.化学
→ adv.化学上；以化学方法
→ n.化学家；药剂师
10. n.新闻工作者
→ n.报纸，刊物；日志
chemical
chemistry
chemically
chemist
journalist
journal
Ⅳ.拔高词汇
1.publicity n.________________________
2.hop vi.__________________
3.get butterflies (in your stomach) ____________________________
4. n.丑闻
5. n.歌词
6. n.噱头
宣传，推广；关注，报道
快速或突然去某处
(做某事前)情绪紧张，心里发慌
scandal
lyric
stunt
Ⅴ.核心短语
1. 不久前某一天
2. 由于，因为
3. 导致；造成
4. 以……为基础
5. 支持
6. 被认为，被看作
7. 尽管……(仍……)；虽然；不顾
the other day
due to
lead to
be based on
in support of
be regarded as
in spite of
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.When the 14-year-old girl got full marks in the match，even her competitors her and gave her an look.Her performance was really .(admire)
2.People from all careers are .We are just making contributions in fields，so we should be to others.(respect)
3.We are fully aware how important it is to raise the (aware) of environmental protection.
词汇句型巩固(默写练习二) 语境运用
默写
admired
admiring
admirable
respectable
respective
respectful
of
awareness
4. from his expression，the his brother made about the problem obviously made him dissatisfied.(judge)
5.I feel greatly to invite the specialist，who will deliver a lecture on how to protect wildlife from being destroyed.(honor)
6. to education，he every minute to studying and teaching，so his finally paid off.(commit)
7.The other day，I had the opportunity to meet the in a stadium nearby whose enjoy great popularity.(novel)
8.The hard-working had successfully the modern building，and a wave of excitement washed over him.(design)
Judging
judg(e)ment
honored
honorable
Committed
committed
commitment
novelist
novels
designer
designed
Ⅱ.单句写作，补全短文(微写作)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.在国内外有许多著名的科学家，他们在各个领域为世界做出了杰出的贡献，其中林巧稚是我最钦佩的一个。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句) 　　Good morning，ladies and gentlemen!
　　There are many renowned scientists at home and abroad who have made outstanding contributions to the world in various fields，1.______________________
.
among whom Lin Qiaozhi
is the one I admire most
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
2.虽然面临当时国内医疗技术的落后，但她太忙于提高妇女的健康而无法给自己留出时间。(状语从句的省略；too...to...) 　　Known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”，Lin Qiaozhi was a pioneer in medicine who devoted all her life to becoming a kind healer.During her lifetime，she delivered more than 50,000 babies，including Yuan Longping，the “father of hybrid rice”. Although 2.______________________________________________
，she 3._____________________
.It was her dedication that saved countless patients in clinical practice and she also achieved a significant breakthrough in scientific research.
　　Lin Qiaozhi’s story has inspired the youth through generations. Her perseverance and innovation have set a good example for each of us.
faced with/facing the backwardness of domestic
medical technology at that time
was too busy improving
women’s health to spare any time for herself
There are always admirable figures in history with wisdom and a high reputation，whatever their careers are！They can be firefighters who put out fires，leaders on the 1. (politics) stage who fight for justice，and those who reform economic systems for the advances of mankind.They are intelligent，generous and have all human beings’ interest in mind.Apart from that，they have gained worldwide recognition and honour.Here are some 2. (example).
词汇串记
political
examples
Renowned Tu Youyou 3. (award) the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2015 and has high fame all over the world.The female medical scientist，together with her staff，found 4. effective drug to cure malaria.They had looked through a lot of medical literature and studied chemical properties of various herbs before they eventually came across the recipe，5. held the potential to cure malaria，despite limited medical resources.
was awarded
an
which
Daring and energetic Gandhi was respected because he led India to 6._____________(independent) from the UK in a peaceful way.In spite of being behind bars，passionate Gandhi undertook 7. (educate) prisoners to seize every opportunity to study.8. (inspire) by him，Martin Luther King established some promising organisations and organised the peaceful protests and movements against evil racial discrimination.Many people know of his impressive，remarkable and inspiring speech I Have a Dream.Many other people engage in great tasks creatively and still others advocate 9. (help) people with disabilities.
In summary，judging from what they have done，they are regarded as heroes and are admired from generation to generation due to their intense passion or ongoing commitment 10. their careers.
independence
to educate
Inspired
helping
to
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提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
突破核心考点
Part Two
adj.令人钦佩的；极其出色的(admire vt.钦佩；赞赏；欣赏 admiring adj.赞赏的，钦佩的 admiration n.钦佩；赞赏；羡慕)
admirable
1
·admire sb for sth因某事而赞赏/钦佩某人
·with/in admiration赞赏地，钦佩地
　have/express admiration for sb/sth赞赏/钦佩某人/物
(1)(话题写作之人物描写)I admire my boss his (admire) commitment to his career.Besides，we express (admire) for his being generous.
(2)同学们都跑到我面前，钦佩地惊叹：“你在写作比赛中获得了一等奖。”
(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
My classmates all rushed to me and ，“You have won first prize in the writing contest.”
(3)(话题写作之传统文化)在中秋节的晚上，人们聚在一起享用盛宴并欣赏月亮。
On the evening of Mid-Autumn Day，people _______________________
.
for
admirable
admiration
exclaimed with/in admiration
get together to enjoy a
feast and admire the moon
vt.授予；给予n.奖，奖赏；奖金；奖品
award
·award sb for sth因某事颁奖给某人
　award sth to sb(＝award sb sth)把某物颁发给某人
·win/receive/get an award (for...)(因……而)赢得/得到/获得奖项
2
(1)Considering all the challenging tasks he had undertakeny，it is not surprising that he got award of up to 50,000 dollars.
an
(2)虽然大卫是最后一个到达终点线的选手，但裁判们因为他的毅力和决心而给他颁发了鼓励奖。
While David was the last runner to reach the finishing line，judges ______________________________________________________________ for his strong will and determination.
(3)(读后续写之激动心情描写)当他因出色的表现而被授予一等奖时，他流下了激动的眼泪。(award vt.)
，he shed tears of excitement.
awarded him Encouragement Prize/awarded Encouragement Prize to him
When (he was) awarded first prize for his excellent performance
n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸vt.感到荣幸；尊敬(honourable adj.值得尊敬的；品格高尚的honoured adj.受尊敬的；感到荣幸的)
honour
·It’s an honour for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事很荣幸。
　feel it an honour to do sth为做某事感到荣幸
　in honour of...为向……表示敬意；为纪念……
·be/feel honoured to do sth做某事感到荣幸
3
(1)Zhang Zhongjing (honour) as a remarkable master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty，who used various herbs to cure numerous patients of severe diseases.
has been honoured
(2)(话题写作之传统节日)人们庆祝端午节以纪念屈原，他是一位伟大的富有激情的中国诗人。
People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival Qu Yuan，who was a great and passionate Chinese poet.
(3)我非常荣幸有机会就一个与我们大家息息相关的问题——建设低碳校园——做演讲。　　　　　　　　　　 　(2024·天津，书面表达)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ to deliver a speech on an issue that concerns us all—building a low-carbon campus.
in honour of
It is a great honour for me to have the opportunity/I feel it a great honour to have the opportunity/I feel greatly honoured to have the opportunity
adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的(impression n.印象 impress v.给……留下印象；使钦佩)
impressive
·leave/make a(n)...impression on sb给某人留下……的印象
·impress sb with sth 用……令某人印象深刻
　impress sth on/upon sb使某人意识到某事
　impress sth on/upon one’s memory 使某人铭记某事/对……印象深刻
　be impressed by/with (某人)对……印象深刻
　What impressed sb most was/is that...让某人印象最深的是……
4
(1)(话题写作之旅游景点介绍)What is the most (impress) about Jiuzhaigou National Park is its various waterfalls and colorful lakes.
impressive
(2)我认为您精彩的讲座会给我们留下深刻的印象，激发我们对文学作品的热情。　　　　　　　　　　　　　(2024·上海1月，书面表达)
I figure that ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________，stimulating our passion for literary works.
(3)在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”中让我印象最深刻的是文化沙龙，它帮助我一睹这两种文化的多样性和丰富性。(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作)
was the cultural salon at the China-Ireland Cultural Festival，which helped me gain a glimpse into the diversity and richness of the two cultures.
　　　　　　your awesome lecture will leave a deep impression on us/you will impress us with your awesome lecture/you will impress your awesome lecture on our memory/we will be impressed with your awesome lecture
What impressed me most
n.& vt.尊敬；敬佩n.方面(respectable adj.值得尊敬的respectful adj.恭敬的；有礼貌的respective adj.各自的，分别的respectively adv.分别，各自)
respect
5
·have/show respect for尊敬；尊重；重视
　give/send one’s respects to 代某人向……问候
　in every respect/in all respects在各方面
　in respect of＝with respect to至于，关于；就……而言
·respect sb for sth因某事而尊重某人
(1)(读后续写之动作描写)我一直带着灿烂的微笑恭恭敬敬地向每一位顾客鞠躬。
，wearing a big smile all the time.
(2)任何时候都欢迎你来体验中国的科技进步，请代我向你的家人致意。
(2024·天津3月，书面表达)
You are welcome at any time to experience the technological advances in China and .
I bowed respectfully to every customer
please give/send my respects to your family
(3)(话题写作之人物介绍)在各方面，总有值得尊敬的人。关于我最尊敬的人，我不得不提到我的数学老师。我尊敬他是因为每当我们遇到困难时，他总能给予我们及时且慷慨的帮助。
，there are always people. _____________________________________________________________，I have to mention my maths teacher.I his timely and generous assistance whenever we come across difficulties.
In every respect/In all respects
respectable
With respect to/In respect of the person I have respect for/respect most
respect him for
vt.认为，看作；注视，打量n.关注；尊重；(pl.)问候，致意(regarding prep.关于，至于)
regard
·regard sb/sth as...把……看作……
　be regarded as被看作；被当作
·with/in regard to sth关于某事
　give/send one’s regards (to sb)代某人(向某人)问好
6
(1)When you go home，please send my (regard) to your parents.
(2)(议论文写作之太空探索)关于太空探索，人们意见各异。一些人认为它是解决人类面临问题的一个非凡的方法。另一方面，探索太空被认为是浪费金钱。
space exploration，opinions vary from person to person.Some people a remarkable way to solve the problems faced by mankind.On the other hand，exploring space ______________ a waste of money.
regards
With/In regard to/Regarding
regard it as
is regarded as
n.认识；意识(aware adj.意识到的；认识到的unaware adj.没意识到的)
awareness
·raise/strengthen one’s awareness of提高/增强某人的……意识
·be/become aware of/that...意识到……；明白……
　as far as I’m aware据我所知
7
(1)The boy，totally (aware) of the severe result of his movement，approached the wolf boldly.
(2)据我所知，现在越来越多的人意识到海洋目前的糟糕状况。因此，应该开展更多的活动来增强人们海洋保护的意识。
(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
，now more and more people __________________
.Consequently，more activities should be launched to __________________________________________
.
unaware
As far as I’m aware
are/become aware of
the terrible situation of oceans at present
raise/strengthen people’s awareness of ocean
protection
vi.& vt.突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击；打动，感动；划(火柴)；罢工；突然想到；(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；(钟)敲n.罢工(striking adj.显著的；突出的；引人注目的)
strike
8
·be struck with/by被……所袭击/感动
　It strikes sb that...某人觉得……；某人突然想到……
　strike...into one’s heart使某人感到……
·be on strike在罢工
　go on strike举行罢工
(1)A good idea (strike) us that we could protest the new rule by negotiating peacefully instead of being strike and I strongly believed that we could achieve (strike) results.
(2)The film Jaws was so scary that it struck fear people’s heart.
(3)(读后续写之心理描写)被他为我做的事情感动，我无法控制自己，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。
，I couldn’t contain myself，tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.(运用过去分词短语作状语)
struck
on
striking
into
Struck by/with what he had done for me
(4)Gunter突然想到他可以抄近路在约定的时间把我送到目的地，我松了口气。(2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
to transport me to the destination at the appointed time and I sighed in relief.
It struck Gunter that he could take a shortcut
vt.& n.计划，设计(designer n.设计师)
design
·be designed for sth/sb为……而设计
　be designed to do sth旨在做……，为做……而设计
·by design＝on purpose故意地
9
(1)We didn’t know whether the journalist did it design or accident.
by
(2)这个讲座是专门为那些对英国文学感兴趣的学生设计的，所以我写信告诉你两个可以立即引起他们兴趣的问题。
(2024·上海1月，书面表达)
___________________________________________________________________________________，so I am writing to inform you of the two questions that can immediately attract their interest.
(3)我们学校将举办“快乐童年展”，旨在鼓励我们珍惜童年，用创造力追求梦想。　　　　　　　　　　　　　(2023·上海6月，书面表达)
Our school will hold a Happy Childhood Exhibition _________________
and pursue dreams with creativity.
The lecture is specially designed for those students (who are) interested in English literature
(which is) designed
to inspire us to cherish our childhood
偶遇；偶然发现；被理解
come across
come about发生(无被动形式)
come on加油；到来；得了吧
come out出版；结果是；(花)开放
come up走近；上来；被提出
come up with提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等)
when it comes to...当谈及……
10
用come短语的适当形式填空
(应用文写作之建议信) English learning，I have the following practical suggestions to share with you.Firstly，when you ____________ unfamiliar words，don’t always refer to the dictionary. Besides，when teachers’ questions in class，you should try to _______________ answers.Lastly，even if you fail，you must say to yourself encouragingly，“ ！”All in all，whatever ，it will eventually that you can make progress in English with determination.
When it comes to
come across
come up
come up with
Come on
comes about
come out
由于；因为(due adj.预期的；预定的；到期的；应付的；应有的)
due to
·表示“因为”的短语还有because of，on account of，owing to，thanks to等等，这些短语都不能直接作谓语。
注意：lie in，consist in，result from，account for也有“因为”的意思，但是这些短语在句中常常作谓语。
·be due to do sth预定/预期做某事
11
(1)The train that the famous novelist takes is due (arrive) at 11：15 am.
(2)正是由于我对历史的热爱，我学到了很多人生智慧。
(2023·全国甲，书面表达)
It is my love for history that I have learned a lot of life wisdom.
to arrive
due to/owing to/thanks to/because of/on account of
When thanking the Committee for the honour，Tu Youyou said，“This is not only an honour for myself，but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China.”
屠呦呦感谢(诺贝尔)委员会授予她如此殊荣，她说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。”
状语从句的省略
状语从句的省略有两种情况：
·当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语部分含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。
·当从句的主语是it，且谓语部分含有be动词时，可将从句主语it和be动词省略。
12
(1)He opened his mouth as if (say) something grateful.
(2)When (inform) of the good news that I got first prize in the contest，I jumped for joy.　　　　　 　(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
(3)如果可能的话，你可以组织一次环绕北京的徒步旅行，探索绿色空间，这将让参与者体验城市公园和花园的美丽，同时促进环保交通。
(2023·北京，书面表达)
，you can organize a walking tour around Beijing to explore the green spaces，which will allow participants to experience the beauty of the city’s parks and gardens __________________________________
.
to say
informed
If possible
while promoting eco-friendly
transportation
Thus，not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films，but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life.因此，他不仅是《超人》电影中的超级英雄，在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。
not only...
but also...
not only...but also...“不但……而且……”连接两个平行结构。当连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则；当连接两个并列的分句且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，but also后面的句子不倒装。
13
(1)Not only my foreign classmates but also my head teacher (be) keen on making Chinese knots.　　　　　　　(2023·天津6月，书面表达)
is
(2)正如短视频所示，为了提高英语口语，社团成员不仅在课堂上说英语，而且在英语角说英语。到目前为止，不仅我而且其他每一个成员都取得了很大的进步。　　　　　　　　(2022·天津6月，书面表达)
As is shown in the short video clip，to improve oral English，club members speak English . So far not only I but also each of the other members ________________
.
(3)你的父母不仅会尊重你的爱好，还会给你提供一些指导。
(2024·上海6月，书面表达)
Not only but they also will provide you with some guidance.
not only in class but also at the English corner
has made great
progress
will your parents respect your hobby
So you can see，I’m too busy with living to think of giving up!所以你可以看到，我忙于生活，无暇考虑是否放弃！
too...to...
·too＋adj./adv.(for sb)＋to do sth表示否定的意义，意为“太……而不能……”。
·当“too...to...”结构修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词，如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等时，表示肯定意义，意为“非常”。
·can’t/can never...too...再怎么……也不过分
14
(话题写作之长城)我非常高兴地得知您对长城感兴趣。长城太壮观而不容错过。正如一句老话所说：“不到长城非好汉。”因此，我怎么强调爬长城的意义都不过分。
you are keen on the Great Wall.The Great Wall is .Just as an old saying goes，“He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” So _____________________
.
I am too pleased to learn that
too spectacular to miss
I can’t/can never stress
the significance of climbing the Great Wall too much
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
1.The boy who had rough skin① skinned② a banana and then threw its skin③ into the rubbish bin.
①_______　②_______________　③___________________________
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
基础达标
n.皮肤
vt.剥去……的皮
n.(植物、果实等的)外皮，壳
2.I always regard① your father as the most respectable person，who pays regard② to other people’s feelings，and I have high regard③ for him.Whenever I am frustrated，he will regard④ me with concern in his eyes，comforting and encouraging me.Therefore，please give my regards⑤ to him when you return home.
①_______________　②________　③________　④_______________　⑤_______________
vt.认为，看作
n.关注
n.尊重
vt.注视，打量
n.问候，致意
3.My boss advanced① towards me，patted me on the shoulder and advanced② an idea that I should go back to college to advance③ my career，promising to advance④ my next year’s salary to me.I spared no effort to advance⑤ in my studies，swearing that I would work for the company after graduation.
①_________　②_________　③________________　④_____________　⑤_______________
vi.前进
vt.提出
vt.促进，推动
vt.预支(钱)
vi.进展，进步
4.With the clock striking① nine，it struck② me that my brother would be on strike③ together with his colleagues.Although a rainstorm was striking④ the city，I put on my coat，drove my car and dashed for the spot，where my brother was unluckily struck⑤ by a tree branch on the head.What struck⑥ me most was that his workmates were rushing him to hospital.
①________　②___________　③______　④______________________　⑤_________　⑥_____________
v.(钟)敲
v.突然想到
n.罢工
v.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击
v.打，击
v.打动，感动
5.My father engaged① a tutor to improve my maths and the teacher’s teaching methods engaged② my interest.Besides，the teacher strongly suggested that I should engage③ in regular exercise.
①_____________　②________　③______________
vt.雇用，聘请
vt.吸引
vi.参与，参加
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.Listening to the story about how the explorer survived the whirlpool，we looked at him with (admire).
2. (judge) from his cheerful expression，he must have won the battle.
3.I feel greatly (honour) to give a lecture about how to deal with the greenhouse effect.
4.His honesty left a deep (impress) on me and that was why he was given the job.
admiration
Judging
honoured
impression
5.The firefighters rescued many people trapped in the ruins and their bravery was really (respect).
6.Tang poetry，which is regarded a treasure in Chinese literature，has influenced generations of writers.
7.In order to arouse the public (aware) of wildlife protection，the Students’ Council is going to organize an English speech contest with the theme of “Living in Harmony”.
8. struck me that I could learn to conduct an experiment by observing the students ahead of me.
9.The brochure is specially designed the women living in remote villages.
respectable
as
awareness
It
for
10.He was awarded his great contributions to the disaster-stricken area.
11.I am writing to invite you to attend the lecture designed ___________ (improve) your interest in insects.
12.When (give) a lecture about ecology，he was interrupted by scary noises.
13.To buy a vehicle，he undertook (take) another part-time job to make more money.
14.To lessen economic losses，I strongly advocate (make) a scientific plan in advance.
15.Engaging more colorful after-class activities proves to be rewarding and beneficial to our development.
for
to improve
giving
to take
making
in
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提升写作能力
Part Three
应用文增分练
人物介绍
(2023·天津3月)，假如你是晨光中学学生李津。你的英国朋友Chris正在学习中文，上周他在邮件中询问你“活雷锋”是什么意思，请根据以下提示回复邮件：
1.解释什么是“活雷锋”；
2.介绍一位你身边的活雷锋；
3.鼓励他继续学习中文。
1.得知你不知道什么是“活雷锋”，我写信告诉你一些相关的事情。(be unaware of；现在分词短语作状语)
_____________________________________________________________
2.活雷锋不仅继承了雷锋的精神，而且在当今社会做着雷锋曾经做过的事情。(not only...but also...的倒装结构)
_____________________________________________________________
3.当看到别人有困难时，他总是不辞辛劳地伸出援助之手，他因此赢得了同事和邻居的热烈赞扬。(状语从句的省略；“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
_____________________________________________________________
应用文增分练
完成句子
4.就我个人而言，正是由于他的慷慨和善良，我将他视作我的榜样。(due to；regard；强调句型)
_____________________________________________________________
5.如果你遇到任何关于中文的问题，我非常愿意帮助你成为一个活雷锋。(too...to...)
_____________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
应用文增分练
组句成篇
Dear Chris，
How are you？Learning that you are unaware of what “a living Lei Feng” is，I’m writing to tell you something relevant.
Lei Feng is a role model for the Chinese people because he was always willing and ready to help those in need.Not only does a living Lei Feng inherit the spirit of Lei Feng but he/she also does what Lei Feng used to do in the present society.My brother is a person like this.When seeing others in trouble，he always goes out of his way to offer a hand，for which he has won warm praises from both his workmates and neighbours.
应用文增分练
参考范文
Personally，it is due to his generosity and kindness that I regard him as my role model.
I hope that my introduction may be helpful to you and that you make even greater progress in learning Chinese.If you come across any questions concerning Chinese，I am too willing to help you in being a living Lei Feng.
Yours，
Li Jin
续写积累提能练
教材语料整合
亮 词 [动作描写]　come across；pick out；strike；undertake；engage
[人物描写]　admirable；remarkable；intelligent；generous；promising；renowned；wisdom；potential；impressive；passionate；commitment；energetic；daring
美 句 1.While horseback riding，he was thrown off his horse and broke his neck.(动作描写)
2.During this time，Reeve felt like he had lost all hope.Having once been a healthy and successful young man to being trapped in a broken body was like a living nightmare to him.(比喻句)
3.Reeve became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities，raising millions of dollars in support of medical research.(人物描写)
续写积累提能练
拓展语料积累
情感细节描写：惊讶
单 词 open-mouthed adj.(因惊愕)张着口的，目瞪口呆的
surprise/amaze/astonish vt.使吃惊，使惊讶→surprised/amazed/ astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的→surprising/amazing/astonishing adj.令人吃惊的→surprise/amazement/astonishment n.吃惊，惊讶
shock vt.使震惊n.震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的
词 块 much to one’s shock/astonishment/surprise/amazement令某人十分震惊/吃惊/惊讶/惊奇的是　in disbelief难以置信地　come as a shock to sb让某人震惊　a look of surprise spreads over/flashes across one’s face某人的脸上出现惊讶的表情　have a look of surprise on one’s face某人一脸惊讶的表情　eyes widen in surprise/astonishment惊讶地睁大眼睛　stare/gaze at sb with wide eyes/stare at sb in wide-eyed amazement惊讶地睁大眼睛看着某人　one’s mouth drops/ hangs open in surprise惊讶地张大嘴　gasp in astonishment吃惊得倒吸一口气　a tone/voice of surprise/a surprised tone/voice惊讶的口气/声音　give a cry of surprise吃惊得喊出声来　too surprised/astonished to utter a word/be speechless with shock惊讶得说不出话来　freeze/stand still/stop dead/be numb with shock惊呆了　shake one’s head in disbelief 难以置信地摇头　gape at张口结舌地看，目瞪口呆地凝视　one’s jaw drops/falls 张口结舌
句 型 It gave me a shock when I realized I had missed my train.
当我意识到我已赶不上火车时，我感到震惊。
He froze，his mouth hanging open.(独立主格)他僵住了，张着嘴。
I froze with shock，as if rooted to the ground.(状语从句的省略)
我震惊得僵住了，仿佛在地上扎了根。
I got first prize in the writing competition，with a spark of surprise flashing across my face.(with复合结构)我在写作比赛中得了一等奖，脸上闪过一丝惊喜。
Staring at her with wide eyes，I hardly believed what she had done.(现在分词短语作状语)我睁大眼睛凝视着她，简直不敢相信她所做的一切。
Everyone gasped in astonishment as the cars came around the last bend.
当汽车驶过最后一个弯道时，每个人都惊讶得倒吸一口气。
Confused and astonished，he gaped at the wall，wide-eyed.(形容词作状语)
他既困惑又惊讶，瞪大眼睛张口结舌地望着墙壁。
After what seemed like a long time，he recovered from shock.
似乎过了很长一段时间，他才从震惊中回过神来。
主题：追求科学
Intelligent and energetic，Jeremy desired to go on a field trip to the Museum of Natural History when he was in 6th grade，but unluckily he fell ill，① (独立主格). He was pressed to take medicine and fell asleep soon.②_______________
(无灵主语).
聪明又精力充沛的杰里米六年级时想去自然历史博物馆进行实地考察，但不幸的是他病了，失望的泪水顺着他的脸颊流下来。他被督促着吃了药，很快就睡着了。一想到要错过这次实地考察，绝望就笼罩了他。
续写积累提能练
语料运用
tears of disappointment streaming down his cheeks
Despair seized
him at the thought of missing the field trip
When he awoke，his father asked him to meet renowned and generous Professor Helfand，who would allow him to visit his observatory.
③______________________________________________________(形容词作状语).④ ，with a smile flashing across his face.
当他醒来时，他的父亲让他去见著名且慷慨的赫尔方教授，他允许他参观他的天文台。他又困惑又惊讶，目瞪口呆地望着教授。似乎过了很长一段时间，他才从震惊中回过神来，脸上闪过一丝微笑。
Confused and astonished，he gaped at the professor，wide-eyed
After what seemed like a long time，he recovered from shock
When seeing many big bright stars，he froze there，and then ⑤_______
.When the professor invited him to join his team，he ⑥______________________________ and he just kept nodding his head in disbelief.
当看到许多又大又亮的星星时，他愣在那里，然后惊奇地叫了一声。当教授邀请他加入他的团队时，他惊讶得一句话也说不出来，只是难以置信地不停地点着头。
gave a
cry of surprise
was too astonished to utter a word
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