资源简介

第3讲　并列句和状语从句
考点精讲一　并列句
Xiao Ming took his cellphone to school and① played cellphone in class，so② his head teacher was very angry.He said to Xiao Ming，“Others are studying hard while③ you are playing hard.You either quit school or break the cellphone.④” Xiao Ming didn’t want to break his cellphone but⑤ he couldn’t quit school either.He thought to himself，“ Break it，or I will be dismissed.⑥” If he was dismissed，not only would his mother cry but also his father would give him a spanking①.
[规则感悟]　①and，not only...but (also)．..，both...and...，neither...nor...等表并列、顺承或递进关系。②for，so表因果关系。③while作为并列连词，强调两种情况的对比。④or，either...or...，not...but...等表选择关系。⑤but，yet，whereas等表转折关系。⑥and，or 表条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”中。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
上述所有连词在使用时，一定要注意连词所连接的成分都是同样的结构。如果连接单词则两边都是单词，如果连接句子则两边都是句子，如果连接短语则两边都是短语。不能出现一边是连接名词，另一边连接句子或动词短语等其他情况。如：
Not only can it help you improve your English，but also can help you find more friends.(×)
Not only can it help you improve your English，but also it can help you find more friends.(√)
1．not only...but also...连接的两个并列分句，可使用部分倒装，但只倒装not only 引导的分句。
Not only does she treat us with consideration but also she teaches in a humorous way.她不但对我们体贴，而且还用一种幽默的方式教学。
2．使用“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”结构时，一定要注意连词的使用，不能遗漏。
Walk straight down the road for about 300 meters，and you will see the hotel on the right.
沿着这条路直走大约三百米，你会发现那个旅馆就在你右手边。
3．when构成的句型。
when引导并列句，意为“这时，那时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚要发生或刚刚完成时，突然发生另一件事。
(1)sb be doing sth when...
某人正在做某事，这时……
(2)sb be about to do sth when...＝sb be on the point of doing sth when...
某人正要做某事，这时……
(3)sb had just done sth when...某人刚做完某事，这时……
Last Monday，I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle.
上周一，我正在街上散步，这时我突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。
We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.＝We were on the point of setting off when it suddenly began to rain.
我们正打算动身，这时突然下起雨来了。
He had just finished writing a report when the boss let him type a letter.
他刚写完一篇报告，老板就让他打印一封信件。
对点练习 1．At school，some students are active while some are shy，yet they can be good friends with one another. 2．He was about to go out when the telephone rang. 3．Follow your doctor’s advice，or your cough will get worse. 4．John plays basketball well，but/yet his favorite sport is badminton. 5．Henry is very smart，so many of his classmates like him.
考点精讲二　时间状语从句
One Saturday morning，when I was listening to my favorite songs①，my mother asked me to do my homework first.However，as soon as she left②，I turned on my MP3 again.I didn’t start to do my homework until I heard somebody opening the door.③Hardly had I taken out my pen when my mother came back.④ My mum said angrily，“Every time I go out⑤，you will do other things instead of doing your homework.It has been two hours since I left⑥.How much homework had you finished by the time I entered the room⑦？ You began to do other things the moment I stepped out of the room⑧，didn’t you？” It was half an hour before she stopped scolding me⑨.I hope I will get rid of the bad habits as time goes by⑩.I promise I will not do the same thing when she goes out next time①.
[规则感悟]　①when当……时候
②as soon as 一……就……
③not...until...直到……才……
④一……就……
⑤every time后面直接跟句子，相同用法的还有the first time，next time等
⑥since 自从……起，主句用现在完成时
⑦by the time 到……时候为止，主句常常与完成时连用
⑧the moment 后面直接跟句子，意为“一……就……”，相同用法的还有the minute，the instant，directly，immediately，instantly
⑨before到……为止，在……之前
⑩as随着　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．“by＋过去的时间”引导的时间状语从句：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；主句用将来完成时，从句用一般现在时或现在完成时。
I had remembered about 2,000 words by the time I graduated from junior high school.
到初中毕业为止，我已经记了大约两千个单词了。
By the time you come back，we will have finished the job.
到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成了这项工作。
2．before的特殊用法。
(1)It will be＋时间段＋before从句(一般现在时)
It will be four hours before his flight arrives.
要过四个小时之后，他的航班才会抵达。
(2)It＋was＋时间段＋before从句(一般过去时)
It was ten years before the couple met again.
十年之后，这对夫妇才再次相见。
3．since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”，常用结构为“It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...”(从句用一般过去时)。
It is four years since the war broke out.
自战争爆发以来已有四年了。
4．till/until的用法。
till/until用于肯定句，表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until 可用于句首，而till 不能用于句首。
If you don’t understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you figure it out.如果你有不懂的东西，你可以研究、学习以及和其他人进行交谈，直到你把它弄明白。
She didn’t start the lesson until the pupils settled down.直到学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。
5．表示“一……就……”的连词(短语)。
(1)as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly，instantly等。
The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work，she was filled with joy.
我姑姑苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
(2)在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，when或than所在的从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
我一到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。
对点练习 1．Not until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief. 2．Air pollution is getting more and more serious，so we must take action before it is too late. 3．He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering. 4．The shopkeeper informs us that it will be a week before our package is delivered. 5．It has been ages since Jack became a member of the famous club.
考点精讲三　其他状语从句
I failed to pass the exam yesterday because I was careless①.I was so sad that tears came out of my eyes.② My teacher noticed this and called me to her office.“Though you’re clever③，you didn’t perform as well as your deskmate did this time④.Why He will make a mark where he makes a mistake⑤ and figure it out in his notebook.If you correct your mistakes⑥ as he does⑦ after the exam，you will make great progress next time.” I must learn from my deskmate so that I can pass the exam next time.⑧
[规则感悟]　①为原因状语从句
②为结果状语从句
③为让步状语从句
④为比较状语从句
⑤为地点状语从句
⑥为条件状语从句
⑦为方式状语从句
⑧为目的状语从句　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．让步状语从句
(1)although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。
Although/Though he may be troubled，he always presents a calm smiling face.尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的笑脸。
Child as/though he is，he has helped me a lot.
尽管他是个孩子，他却帮了我很多忙。
(2)although与though都可以与yet，still，nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。
Although/Though it was raining hard，yet they went on playing football.
虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。
(3)while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。
While I admit that there are problems，I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能解决。
(4)no matter who(what，when，which，how等)引导让步状语从句时，相当于“who(what，when，which，how等)＋-ever”，表示“无论何人(什么，何时，哪个/些，怎样等)”。
He keeps taking exercise no matter how cold it is.不管天气有多冷，他都坚持锻炼。
Whatever work we do，we should do our best.
不管做什么工作，我们都应尽全力。
(5)whether...or...引导让步状语从句时，意为“不管……，还是……”。
Whether he comes here or we go there，the topic of the discussion will remain unchanged.
不管他来这儿还是我们去那儿，讨论的话题都会保持不变。
(6)even if/though引导的让步状语从句
even if/though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。
Tim is in good shape physically even though/if he doesn’t get much exercise.
即使蒂姆不怎么锻炼，他的身体状况也很好。
2．目的状语从句
(1)in order that与so that引导的目的状语从句
in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后；而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
Speak louder so that/in order that the people in the hall can all hear you.
大点声讲，以便大厅里的人都能听见。
In order that we get there on time，we should set out early.
为了准时赶到那里，我们应该早点出发。
(2)for fear that与in case引导的目的状语从句
for fear that表示“唯恐；生怕”；in case表示“以免，以防”。
Leave your key with your neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day.留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。
3．结果状语从句
(1)so＋＋that从句
He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family.
他挣如此少的钱，以至于养不起家。
(2)such＋＋that从句
He is such a learned person that we all admire him very much.＝He is so learned a person that we all admire him very much.他是如此知识渊博的一个人，以至于我们都非常欣赏他。
注意：当“so＋adj./adv.”或“such＋n.”置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。
So anxious am I that I can’t sleep until deep into the night.
我是如此焦虑以至于直到深夜我才能睡着。
(3)so that也可以引导结果状语从句，从句中往往没有情态动词，而且主从句之间常用逗号隔开。
He didn’t obey the contract，so that he was fined.他没有遵守合约，因此他被罚了款。
4．条件状语从句
if，unless，so/as long as，in case，on condition that，supposing/suppose (that)等都可以引导条件状语从句。条件状语从句要注意“主将从现”的用法。
unless意义上等于if not，在应用时如果不把握可以用if not 替换一下，讲得通的话，才能使用unless。
You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard.
除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。
5．地点状语从句
where意为“在某个地方”；wherever意为“无论在哪里”。
You can sit wherever you like.
你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。
6．原因状语从句
because意为“因为”，语气强烈，表示事情发生的直接原因，常用来回答why的提问；since意为“既然，由于”，语气较弱，通常置于句首，表示说话双方都知道的原因；as表示双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，含义与since相同，但语气更弱；now that意为“既然，由于”，用已成事实的原因作为前提。
Now that you’ve grown up，you must learn to stand on your own feet.
你既然已经长大成人，就得学会独立生活。
对点练习 1．Well，I’m working on a huge assignment and if I don’t do well，it will ruin my reputation as an excellent accountant! 2．Wherever she goes，there are crowds of people waiting to see her. 3．Ugly as/though the dog is，it is quite gentle and friendly. 4．If guests are seated at the table，hosts may serve the food，or it may be passed so that each person may help himself. 5．Enjoying a fresh morning is important because/as it can set the mood for the rest of the day. 6．He speaks so slowly and strangely that it takes patience to understand what he is saying. 7．They treat her as though/if she were their daughter. 8．As long as insects happen to touch the webs，no matter how hard they try，they can’t escape.
1．In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index(体重指数) across 200 countries，the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier and that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
2．While some people are motivated by a need for success，others are motivated by a fear of failure.
3．I really enjoy listening to music because it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
4．We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.
层级一　基础达标练
1．The explosion rocked the lake with such a force that dead fish immediately began to surface.
2．In addition，forests have been decreasing rapidly because/as too many trees have been cut down.
3．If you look at the outside of a Huizhou house，it seems enclosed(封闭的) by walls，but the inside is open and broad.
4．During the past decade，he has been photographing the city，capturing its beauty and sharing these photos online and in exhibitions.
5．I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate when an old man with huge bags sat down across from me.
6．If you visit Nepal，you will find Nepalese often greet each other with the hands pressed together instead of shaking hands，while in North America and the U．K.，people greet one another by shaking hands.
7．In the state of Iowa，if you live more than a mile away from school you can get a school permit.
8．Ten years later I still keep in touch with my classmates，though/although I’ve never met them after graduation.
9．But for now，they all have to postpone their plans until/till the winter storms pass.
10．Do remember that it is unwise to trust him，whatever he says.
层级二　高考真题练
1．...Edmondson said，“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.”(2024·新课标Ⅱ)
2．Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home or you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.(2024·浙江1月)
3．During China’s dynastic period，emperors planned the city of Beijing and arranged the residential areas according to social classes.(2023·浙江1月)
4．It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn’t work，but/yet somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.(2023·全国乙)
5．To eat one，you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出)，or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue(舌头)．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)
6．Feeling fearful is healthy because it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly.(2021·天津6月)
7．We all need to get involved in saving energy whether it’s at work，at home，or at school.(2021·天津3月)
8．It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until/till the late 1980s.(2021·全国乙)
9．They kept their collection at home until it got too big or until they died，and then it was given to a museum.(2020·新课标Ⅰ)
10．When/As he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist，they smiled and pointed down the river.(2020·全国Ⅲ)
层级三　语篇提能练
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially troublesome.Many westerners 1.who/that come to China cook much less 2.than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.I still remember 3.visiting(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked 4.when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
5．While/Though/Although regularly eating out seems to have become common for many young people in recent years，it’s not without a cost.The obvious one is money；eating out once or twice a week may be affordable 6.but doing this most days adds up.There could be an even 7.higher(high) cost on your health.Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight problems.
8．If you are not going to suffer this problem，then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home 9.for dinner，get a few cooking tips from her.Cooking food can be fun.You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health 10.but in your pocket.
1．not only...but (also)．..倒装
典例　(2024·北京)它们不仅缩短了人们在两地之间旅行时的确切时间，还拉近了人们彼此之间的距离。这是非常值得介绍的。
Not only do they shorten the exact time when people travel between places，but they get people closer to one another.That’s really worth introducing.
运用　(2024·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)在户外画画不仅是一种令人耳目一新的改变，还让我以一种新的角度看待颜色和形状。
Not only was painting outdoors a refreshing change，but it also allowed me to see colors and shapes in a new light.
2．祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句
典例　(2019·北京)提前从网上预订票和房间，你会有更多的时间去观光。
Book tickets and rooms online in advance，and you will have more time to go sightseeing.
运用　(2021·浙江6月)来参观展览吧，你将会享受一场视觉盛宴。
Come to the exhibition，and you will enjoy a visual feast.
3．so...that...引导结果状语从句
典例　(2024·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)户外美术课非常有趣而且令人大开眼界，让我对艺术有了新的认识。
The outdoor art class was so enjoyable and eye-opening that it gave me a new perspective on art.
运用　(2024·浙江1月)伊娃非常惊讶，她不敢相信她竟然在没有放弃的情况下跑完了一英里。
Eva was so surprised that she couldn’t believe she had actually completed the one-mile run without giving up.
4．be doing...when...
典例　(2017·浙江6月)马克正在想接下来该怎么办，正在那时，一只手把他拉进了车里。
Mac was wondering what to do next when a hand pulled him into the car.
运用　(2024·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)我正在上次我们分手的地方等着，这时Gunter把车停了下来。
I was waiting at the place where we parted last time when Gunter pulled up.
5．not until...
典例　(2023·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)直到我的老师带我到校园布告栏，在那里我看到了获奖名单，我才相信我能得奖。
Not until my teacher took me to the campus noticeboard where I saw the winner list did I believe I could win the prize.
运用　(2024·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)直到那时，我才意识到在公园里上美术课给了我一种新奇的体验，教会了我从不同的角度看世界。
Not until then did I realize that taking an art class in a park gave me a novel experience and taught me to look at the world from a different perspective.
　　你校英文报将以世界读书日为主题，向在校学生征文。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1.读书的重要性； 2.自己喜爱的书籍类型及原因。 Reading is a fundamental activity that plays a crucial role in our lives. Read various books，among which classics，novels and history books are my favourite,1.and we will expand our knowledge(我们就会拓展我们的知识)，enhance our imagination and broaden our horizons.In my opinion，classics offer revealing insights into human nature and society,2.while novels allow me to engage myself in fantastic stories(而小说则让我沉浸在奇妙的故事中)．History books，on the other hand，provide valuable lessons from the past. Overall，reading is such an invaluable hobby 3.that it can enrich our lives(以至于它能丰富我们的生活) and help us to continuously learn and grow.(共57张PPT)
第3讲　并列句和状语从句
语法专题　 专题四
内容索引
考点精讲一　并列句
考点精讲二　时间状语从句
考点精讲三　其他状语从句
考点分层演练
语法链接写作
并列句
考点精讲一
情景导入
Xiao Ming took his cellphone to school and① played cellphone in class，so② his head teacher was very angry.He said to Xiao Ming，“Others are studying hard while③ you are playing hard.You either quit school or break the cellphone.④” Xiao Ming didn’t want to break his cellphone but⑤ he couldn’t quit school either.He thought to himself，“ Break it，or I will be dismissed.⑥” If he was dismissed，not only would his mother cry but also his father would give him a spanking①.
规则感悟
①and，not only...but (also)...，both...and...，neither...nor...等表并列、顺承或递进关系。②for，so表因果关系。③while作为并列连词，强调两种情况的对比。④or，either...or...，not...but...等表选择关系。⑤but，yet，whereas等表转折关系。⑥and，or 表条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”中。
上述所有连词在使用时，一定要注意连词所连接的成分都是同样的结构。如果连接单词则两边都是单词，如果连接句子则两边都是句子，如果连接短语则两边都是短语。不能出现一边是连接名词，另一边连接句子或动词短语等其他情况。如：
Not only can it help you improve your English，but also can help you find more friends.(×)
Not only can it help you improve your English，but also it can help you find more friends.(√)
1.not only...but also...连接的两个并列分句，可使用部分倒装，但只倒装not only 引导的分句。
Not only does she treat us with consideration but also she teaches in a humorous way.她不但对我们体贴，而且还用一种幽默的方式教学。
2.使用“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”结构时，一定要注意连词的使用，不能遗漏。
Walk straight down the road for about 300 meters，and you will see the hotel on the right.
沿着这条路直走大约三百米，你会发现那个旅馆就在你右手边。
3.when构成的句型。
when引导并列句，意为“这时，那时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚要发生或刚刚完成时，突然发生另一件事。
(1)sb be doing sth when...
某人正在做某事，这时……
(2)sb be about to do sth when...＝sb be on the point of doing sth when...
某人正要做某事，这时……
(3)sb had just done sth when...某人刚做完某事，这时……
Last Monday，I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle.
上周一，我正在街上散步，这时我突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。
We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.＝We were on the point of setting off when it suddenly began to rain.
我们正打算动身，这时突然下起雨来了。
He had just finished writing a report when the boss let him type a letter.
他刚写完一篇报告，老板就让他打印一封信件。
对点练习
1.At school，some students are active some are shy，yet they can be good friends with one another.
2.He was about to go out the telephone rang.
3.Follow your doctor’s advice， your cough will get worse.
4.John plays basketball well， his favorite sport is badminton.
5.Henry is very smart， many of his classmates like him.
while
when
or
but/yet
so
返 回
时间状语从句
考点精讲二
情景导入
One Saturday morning，when I was listening to my favorite songs①，my mother asked me to do my homework first.However，as soon as she left②，I turned on my MP3 again.I didn’t start to do my homework until I heard somebody opening the door.③Hardly had I taken out my pen when my mother came back.④ My mum said angrily，“Every time I go out⑤，you will do other things instead of doing your homework.It has been two hours since I left⑥.How much homework had you finished by the time I entered the room⑦？
You began to do other things the moment I stepped out of the room⑧，didn’t you？” It was half an hour before she stopped scolding me⑨.I hope I will get rid of the bad habits as time goes by⑩.I promise I will not do the same thing when she goes out next time①.
规则感悟
①when当……时候
②as soon as 一……就……
③not...until...直到……才……
④ 一……就……
⑤every time后面直接跟句子，相同用法的还有the first time，next time等
⑥since 自从……起，主句用现在完成时
Hardly...when...
No sooner...than...
规则感悟
⑦by the time 到……时候为止，主句常常与完成时连用
⑧the moment 后面直接跟句子，意为“一……就……”，相同用法的还有the minute，the instant，directly，immediately，instantly
⑨before到……为止，在……之前
⑩as随着
1.“by＋过去的时间”引导的时间状语从句：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；主句用将来完成时，从句用一般现在时或现在完成时。
I had remembered about 2,000 words by the time I graduated from junior high school.
到初中毕业为止，我已经记了大约两千个单词了。
By the time you come back，we will have finished the job.
到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成了这项工作。
2.before的特殊用法。
(1)It will be＋时间段＋before从句(一般现在时)
It will be four hours before his flight arrives.
要过四个小时之后，他的航班才会抵达。
(2)It＋was＋时间段＋before从句(一般过去时)
It was ten years before the couple met again.
十年之后，这对夫妇才再次相见。
3.since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”，常用结构为“It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...”(从句用一般过去时)。
It is four years since the war broke out.
自战争爆发以来已有四年了。
4.till/until的用法。
till/until用于肯定句，表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until 可用于句首，而till 不能用于句首。
If you don’t understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you figure it out.如果你有不懂的东西，你可以研究、学习以及和其他人进行交谈，直到你把它弄明白。
She didn’t start the lesson until the pupils settled down.直到学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。
5.表示“一……就……”的连词(短语)。
(1)as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly，instantly等。
The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work，she was filled with joy.
我姑姑苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
(2)在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，when或than所在的从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
我一到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。
对点练习
1.Not we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief.
2.Air pollution is getting more and more serious，so we must take action _______ it is too late.
3.He had no sooner finished his speech the students started cheering.
4.The shopkeeper informs us that it will be a week our package is delivered.
5.It has been ages Jack became a member of the famous club.
返 回
until
before
than
before
since
其他状语从句
考点精讲三
情景导入
I failed to pass the exam yesterday because I was careless①.I was so sad that tears came out of my eyes.② My teacher noticed this and called me to her office.“Though you’re clever③，you didn’t perform as well as your deskmate did this time④.Why He will make a mark where he makes a mistake⑤ and figure it out in his notebook.If you correct your mistakes⑥ as he does⑦ after the exam，you will make great progress next time.” I must learn from my deskmate so that I can pass the exam next time.⑧
规则感悟
①为原因状语从句
②为结果状语从句
③为让步状语从句
④为比较状语从句
⑤为地点状语从句
⑥为条件状语从句
⑦为方式状语从句
⑧为目的状语从句
1.让步状语从句
(1)although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。
Although/Though he may be troubled，he always presents a calm smiling face.尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的笑脸。
Child as/though he is，he has helped me a lot.
尽管他是个孩子，他却帮了我很多忙。
(2)although与though都可以与yet，still，nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。
Although/Though it was raining hard，yet they went on playing football.
虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。
(3)while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。
While I admit that there are problems，I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能解决。
(4)no matter who(what，when，which，how等)引导让步状语从句时，相当于“who(what，when，which，how等)＋-ever”，表示“无论何人(什么，何时，哪个/些，怎样等)”。
He keeps taking exercise no matter how cold it is.不管天气有多冷，他都坚持锻炼。
Whatever work we do，we should do our best.
不管做什么工作，我们都应尽全力。
(5)whether...or...引导让步状语从句时，意为“不管……，还是……”。
Whether he comes here or we go there，the topic of the discussion will remain unchanged.
不管他来这儿还是我们去那儿，讨论的话题都会保持不变。
(6)even if/though引导的让步状语从句
even if/though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。
Tim is in good shape physically even though/if he doesn’t get much exercise.
即使蒂姆不怎么锻炼，他的身体状况也很好。
2.目的状语从句
(1)in order that与so that引导的目的状语从句
in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后；而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
Speak louder so that/in order that the people in the hall can all hear you.
大点声讲，以便大厅里的人都能听见。
In order that we get there on time，we should set out early.
为了准时赶到那里，我们应该早点出发。
(2)for fear that与in case引导的目的状语从句
for fear that表示“唯恐；生怕”；in case表示“以免，以防”。
Leave your key with your neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day.留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。
3.结果状语从句
(1)so＋
形容词/副词
形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数
many/much/few/little(少)＋
名词
＋that从句
He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family.
他挣如此少的钱，以至于养不起家。
(2)such＋
a/an＋形容词＋可数名词
单数
形容词＋可数名词复数/
不可数名词
a lot of/lots of＋名词
＋that从句
He is such a learned person that we all admire him very much.＝He is so learned a person that we all admire him very much.他是如此知识渊博的一个人，以至于我们都非常欣赏他。
注意：当“so＋adj./adv.”或“such＋n.”置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。
So anxious am I that I can’t sleep until deep into the night.
我是如此焦虑以至于直到深夜我才能睡着。
(3)so that也可以引导结果状语从句，从句中往往没有情态动词，而且主从句之间常用逗号隔开。
He didn’t obey the contract，so that he was fined.他没有遵守合约，因此他被罚了款。
4.条件状语从句
if，unless，so/as long as，in case，on condition that，supposing/suppose (that)等都可以引导条件状语从句。条件状语从句要注意“主将从现”的用法。
unless意义上等于if not，在应用时如果不把握可以用if not 替换一下，讲得通的话，才能使用unless。
You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard.
除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。
5.地点状语从句
where意为“在某个地方”；wherever意为“无论在哪里”。
You can sit wherever you like.
你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。
6.原因状语从句
because意为“因为”，语气强烈，表示事情发生的直接原因，常用来回答why的提问；since意为“既然，由于”，语气较弱，通常置于句首，表示说话双方都知道的原因；as表示双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，含义与since相同，但语气更弱；now that意为“既然，由于”，用已成事实的原因作为前提。
Now that you’ve grown up，you must learn to stand on your own feet.
你既然已经长大成人，就得学会独立生活。
对点练习
1.Well，I’m working on a huge assignment and I don’t do well，it will ruin my reputation as an excellent accountant!
2. she goes，there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
3.Ugly the dog is，it is quite gentle and friendly.
4.If guests are seated at the table，hosts may serve the food，or it may be passed so each person may help himself.
5.Enjoying a fresh morning is important it can set the mood for the rest of the day.
if
Wherever
as/though
that
because/as
6.He speaks so slowly and strangely it takes patience to understand what he is saying.
7.They treat her as she were their daughter.
8.As long as insects happen to touch the webs，no matter hard they try，they can’t escape.
that
though/if
how
解题策略
解题策略
1.In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index(体重指数) across 200 countries，the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
2. some people are motivated by a need for success，others are motivated by a fear of failure.
3.I really enjoy listening to music it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
4.We need to get to the root of the problem we can solve it.
返 回
and
While
because
before
考点分层演练
Part Four
1.The explosion rocked the lake with such a force dead fish immediately began to surface.
2.In addition，forests have been decreasing rapidly too many trees have been cut down.
3.If you look at the outside of a Huizhou house，it seems enclosed(封闭的) by walls， the inside is open and broad.
4.During the past decade，he has been photographing the city，capturing its beauty sharing these photos online and in exhibitions.
层级一
基础达标练
that
because/as
but
and
5.I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate _____
an old man with huge bags sat down across from me.
6.If you visit Nepal，you will find Nepalese often greet each other with the hands pressed together instead of shaking hands， in North America and the U.K.，people greet one another by shaking hands.
7.In the state of Iowa， you live more than a mile away from school you can get a school permit.
when
while
if
8.Ten years later I still keep in touch with my classmates，_______________
I’ve never met them after graduation.
9.But for now，they all have to postpone their plans the winter storms pass.
10.Do remember that it is unwise to trust him， he says.
though/although
until/till
whatever
1....Edmondson said，“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language _____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” (2024·新课标Ⅱ)
2.Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. (2024·浙江1月)
3.During China’s dynastic period，emperors planned the city of Beijing _____ arranged the residential areas according to social classes.
(2023·浙江1月)
层级二
高考真题练
and
or
and
4.It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn’t work，____________
somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
(2023·全国乙)
5.To eat one，you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出)， to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue(舌头).
(2023·新课标Ⅰ)
6.Feeling fearful is healthy it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly. (2021·天津6月)
but/yet
or
because
7.We all need to get involved in saving energy it’s at work，at home，or at school. (2021·天津3月)
8.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept the late 1980s.
(2021·全国乙)
9.They kept their collection at home until it got too big until they died，and then it was given to a museum. (2020·新课标Ⅰ)
10. he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist，they smiled and pointed down the river. (2020·全国Ⅲ)
whether
until/till
or
When/As
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially troublesome.Many westerners 1.________ come to China cook much less 2. in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.I still remember 3._______
(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked 4. I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
层级三
语篇提能练
who/that
than
visiting
when
5. regularly eating out seems to have become common for many young people in recent years，it’s not without a cost.The obvious one is money；eating out once or twice a week may be affordable 6. doing this most days adds up.There could be an even 7._______(high) cost on your health.Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight problems.
While/Though/Although
but
higher
8. you are not going to suffer this problem，then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home 9. dinner，get a few cooking tips from her.Cooking food can be fun.You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health 10. in your pocket.
If
for
but
返 回
语法链接写作
Part Five
写作增分亮句
1.not only...but (also)...倒装
运用　(2024·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)在户外画画不仅是一种令人耳目一新的改变，还让我以一种新的角度看待颜色和形状。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
典例　(2024·北京)它们不仅缩短了人们在两地之间旅行时的确切时间，还拉近了人们彼此之间的距离。这是非常值得介绍的。
Not only do they shorten the exact time when people travel between places，but they get people closer to one another.That’s really worth introducing.
Not only was painting outdoors a refreshing change，but it also allowed me to see colors and shapes in a new light.
2.祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句
运用　(2021·浙江6月)来参观展览吧，你将会享受一场视觉盛宴。
典例　(2019·北京)提前从网上预订票和房间，你会有更多的时间去观光。
Book tickets and rooms online in advance，and you will have more time to go sightseeing.
_______________________________________________________________
Come to the exhibition，and you will enjoy a visual feast.
3.so...that...引导结果状语从句
运用　(2024·浙江1月)伊娃非常惊讶，她不敢相信她竟然在没有放弃的情况下跑完了一英里。
典例　(2024·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)户外美术课非常有趣而且令人大开眼界，让我对艺术有了新的认识。
The outdoor art class was so enjoyable and eye-opening that it gave me a new perspective on art.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Eva was so surprised that she couldn’t believe she had actually completed the one-mile run without giving up.
4.be doing...when...
运用　(2024·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)我正在上次我们分手的地方等着，这时Gunter把车停了下来。
典例　(2017·浙江6月)马克正在想接下来该怎么办，正在那时，一只手把他拉进了车里。
Mac was wondering what to do next when a hand pulled him into the car.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was waiting at the place where we parted last time when Gunter pulled up.
5.not until...
运用　(2024·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)直到那时，我才意识到在公园里上美术课给了我一种新奇的体验，教会了我从不同的角度看世界。
_______________________________________________________________________________and taught me to look at the world from a different perspective.
典例　(2023·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)直到我的老师带我到校园布告栏，在那里我看到了获奖名单，我才相信我能得奖。
Not until my teacher took me to the campus noticeboard where I saw the winner list did I believe I could win the prize.
Not until then did I realize that taking an art class in a park gave me a novel experience
语篇写作运用
你校英文报将以世界读书日为主题，向在校学生征文。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1.读书的重要性；
2.自己喜爱的书籍类型及原因。
Reading is a fundamental activity that plays a crucial role in our lives.
Read various books，among which classics，novels and history books are my favourite,1. (我们就会拓展我们的知识)，enhance our imagination and broaden our horizons.In my opinion，classics offer revealing insights into human nature and society,2. (而小说则让我沉浸在奇妙的故事中).History books，on the other hand，provide valuable lessons from the past.
and we will expand our knowledge
while novels allow me to engage myself in fantastic stories
Overall，reading is such an invaluable hobby 3.__________________
__________(以至于它能丰富我们的生活) and help us to continuously learn and grow.
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that it can enrich
our lives

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