资源简介

UNIT 1　Knowing me， knowing you
阅读理解
A
　　（2025·佛山二模）Initial conversations can have a huge impact on how relationships develop over time.People are often stuck in the impressions they think they might have made the minute they finish speaking with someone for the first time： “Did they like me or were they just being polite？” “Were they deep in thought or deeply bored？”
　　To find out whether these worries are necessary， we have conducted nearly 10 years of research.In our studies， participants in the UK talked with someone they had never met before.Afterward， they were asked how much they liked their conversation partner and how much they believed that their conversation partner liked them.This allowed us to compare how much people believed they were liked to how much they were actually liked.
　　Time and time again， we found that people left their conversations with negative feelings about the impression they made.That is， people systematically underestimate how much their conversation partners like them and enjoy their company — a false belief we call the “liking gap”.
　　This bias （偏见） may seem like something that would occur only in initial interactions， but its effects extend far beyond a first impression.Surprisingly， the liking gap can constantly affect a variety of relationships， including interactions with co-workers， long after the initial conversations have taken place.Having a larger liking gap is associated with being less willing to ask workmates for help， less willing to provide workmates with open and honest feedback， and less willing to work on another project together.
　　There are numerous strategies to minimize your biased feelings.One place to start is shifting your focus of attention.Try to direct your attention to your conversation partner， be genuinely curious about them， ask them more questions， and really listen to their answers.The more you’re zeroed in on the other person， and the less you’re focused on yourself， the better your conversation will be and the less your mind will turn to all the things you think you didn’t do well.
　　
1.Why did the author carry out 10 years of research？（　　）
A.To dismiss national concerns. B.To check out a potential bias.
C.To enhance human communication. D.To develop harmonious relationships.
2.What is one effect of people’s liking gap？（　　）
A.Fewer chances of new projects. B.Underestimation of their ability.
C.Bad relationships with people around. D.Low willingness to interact with others.
3.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph？（　　）
A.Restate opinions. B.Deliver warnings.
C.Give suggestions. D.Make a summary.
4.Which might be the best title for the text？（　　）
A.Liking Gap May Influence Work Performances
B.First Impressions Rely on Initial Conversations
C.People Probably Like You More Than You Think
D.How People Like You Matters Less Than You Assume
B
　　（2025·盐城模拟）Passive-aggressive （消极抗拒） behaviour can feel “normal” — especially if it’s how we’ve grown up seeing others around us deal with relationship issues.Whether done verbally （言语上） or nonverbally， passive aggression is meant to avoid hurting someone else’s feelings， escape conflict， or show disagreement without being outspoken in it.
　　It’s a more common way of dealing with things than you might think.But why are we passive-aggressive？ What are the signs we can look out for to recognize being passive-aggressive？ And how does it affect us？
　　There are many reasons why someone might display passive-aggressive behaviour， including insecurity or fear of losing control， as well as using it as a way to handle feelings of stress， anxiety， or depression.It can also be a way to try to deal with rejection or conflict， because of feelings of under-appreciation， or due to worry that any natural feelings of anger aren’t the right response， and so it becomes an attempt to sugarcoat things.
　　We almost all exhibit signs of passive aggression from time to time， but when it becomes a habit within our relationships， it can become upsetting for the other person involved， causing a divide.And for the person exhibiting this behaviour， their inability to say what is wrong clearly can often worsen the issue as it isn’t being dealt with directly.Ultimately， passive aggression prevents change and growth， leading to more negative behaviour， the breakdown of trust， and further relationship problems.
　　Admitting that you have a problem and need to change is not just good for your relationship， but also a huge help in your life.If you’re struggling and aren’t sure where to begin， ask yourself “Could I unintentionally （or intentionally） be hurting my relationship？ Is it worth saving my relationship， or do I want to risk things getting worse？ Would I be happy if my partner acted the way I’ve been acting？”
　　Change doesn’t happen overnight， but， with time and effort， you can find new， healthier ways of communicating how you are feeling， and start to strengthen the bonds within your relationship.
5.What is the possible passive-aggressive response to displeasure？（　　）
A.Turning to rude languages. B.Displaying violent behavior.
C.Hiding his true inner feelings. D.Coming into conflict with others.
6.What can we learn about passive-aggressive people？（　　）
A.They are sometimes overconfident in themselves.
B.They believe conflicts should be resolved directly.
C.Their passive-aggressive behavior doesn’t last long.
D.Their behaviour likely leads to more negative results.
7.What do the underlined words “the issue” in Paragraph 4 refer to？（　　）
A.The behavior. B.The divide.
C.The inability. D.The habit.
8.What should you do to make a change？（　　）
A.Start with a self-reflection. B.Apologize to the other side.
C.Copy how the partner acts. D.Let time cure everything.
UNIT 1　Knowing me， knowing you
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是“好感认知差距”以及这种心态对人们社交关系的影响。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段内容以及第二段中的To find out whether these worries are necessary， we have conducted nearly 10 years of research.可知，作者进行10年的研究是为了找出潜在的偏见。
2.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，好感认知差距的一个影响是与他人互动的意愿低。
3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者在最后一段给出建议。
4.C　标题归纳题。本文主要说明了什么是“好感认知差距”以及这种心态对人们社交关系的影响。由此可知，C项（人们可能比你想象的更喜欢你）适合作文章最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了消极抗拒这种人际交往中的新现象，分析其产生的原因及其可能造成的其他后果并提出了有效解决它的建议。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，为避免伤害别人的感情，避免冲突以及间接地表现出分歧，就要隐藏人内心的真实感受。
6.D　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，消极的抗拒行为是其他负面行为的根源，他们的行为可能会导致更多负面的结果。
7.B　词义猜测题。根据第四段前两句可知，the issue这里指代的不是behavior，因为这里的behavior指代的是passive aggression，则issue应该指代的是上句中的divide （分歧），说明“让对方感到不安从而造成的分歧”带来了很多负面的结果，这通过本段最后一句由passive aggression造成的后果可以得到印证。
8.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者认为从自我反省开始才能作出改变。
2 / 2Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破
　　Generally speaking， it is hard for you to adjust yourself 　　　　 the new life every time you move to a new place.Here are two useful tips for you， which I think won’t let you 　　　　 . 　　Firstly， be helpful and friendly.When you get to a new place， it’s important for you 　　　　（show） concern for others.When they’re in trouble， you’d better try to help them out. 　　Secondly， always keep in mind that loose lips sink ships.When　　　　 （talk） to others， you do think carefully before speaking to avoid saying some words that will hurt others.If you say something that makes others 　　　　（annoy） by accident， you must apologise to them and ask them 　　　　（forgive） you as soon as possible. 微技能热身 1.①处应填介词　　　　。 2.②处应填副词　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　　　。 4.④处为状语从句的省略，应填　　　　　　。 5.⑤处作宾语补足语，表示人的感受，应填　　　　。 6.⑥处作宾语补足语，应填　　　　　　　　。
adjust v.适应，（使）习惯；调整；调节
【练通】 单句语法填空
①In this way， you may adjust yourself to 　　　　　（live） in China soon. （建议信）
②I’m writing to tell you that we have to make a few 　　　　　　（adjust） to our travelling plans.
③To my great sorrow， the height of the bicycle is barely 　　　　　　（adjust）.
【写美】 微写作
④由于我没有及时调整相关的信息，给您带来了极大的不便，我写信向您道歉。 （道歉信）
I am writing to apologise to you for 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， causing great inconvenience to you.（adjust）
【归纳】
（1）adjust ...to （doing） ... 调整……以适应（做）……
adjust oneself to ... 使自己适应……
adjust to （doing） sth 适应（做）某事
（2）adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应
make an adjustment/adjustments to ... 对……作出调整
（3）adjustable adj. 可调节的
【佳句】 Knowing that you have difficulty in adjusting （yourself） to the new school life， I’m writing to give you some tips， which I hope will be of help to you. （建议信）
得知你在适应新的学校生活方面有困难，我写信给你一些建议，希望会对你有帮助。
let down 使失望，辜负；放下，降低
【练通】 用let的相关短语填空
①He didn’t seem to be moved by those at all， 　　　　　　　　putting on a smile.
②Then she 　　　　　　　　laughter and hugged me， kissing me on both cheeks.
③Don’t 　　　　　　　　fireworks near the house.It’s dangerous.
【写美】 微写作
④如果我能被录用为一名志愿者，我不会让你失望的。 （申请信）
If I’m admitted as a volunteer， I won’t 　　　　　　　　　　.
【归纳】
let alone　　　 更不用说
let go （of） 放开，松手；放弃，摒弃（想法、态度或控制）
let off 宽恕，免除（任务或义务）；使爆炸
let out 放掉；发出（叫声等）；泄露；结束；散场
【佳句】 I am very nervous and in low spirits because I am afraid of letting my parents down. （心理描写）
因为害怕让父母失望，我非常紧张，情绪低落。
annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I was annoyed 　　　　　　my younger brother because he was often crying at night.
②I owe you an apology； you must have found my attitude very 　　　　　　（annoy）.
③I hope she won’t get annoyed 　　　　　　my careless mistakes.
【写美】 微写作
④最让我烦恼的是我的室友们经常聊天到深夜，这让我难以入眠。 （求助信）
　　　　　　　　　　 is that my roommates often chat late into night， which makes me sleepless.
【归纳】
（1）be annoyed with sb　　　　对某人感到生气
be/get annoyed at/about sth 对某事生气
be annoyed to do sth 对做某事感到生气
be annoyed that ... 对……感到生气
（2）annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气
annoying adj. 使人生气的
（3）annoyance n. 恼怒，烦恼，生气
in annoyance 恼怒地
much to one’s annoyance/to one’s great annoyance 使某人非常生气的是
【佳句】 Sally was annoyed with the children for making so loud noise， slamming her fist on the table in annoyance.莎莉对孩子们弄出这么大的响声感到很生气，她恼怒地用拳头捶桌子。
　　It is believed 　　　　 getting along well with your classmates is important.When dealing with them， you’d better not find fault 　　　　 them.When you do something wrong， you mustn’t justify yourself.When you want to let off steam， you’d better take 　　　　 deep breath first.And then try to resolve the problem in a 　　　　（peace） way.Moreover， you shouldn’t criticise them in public， for it’s hard for a person to hide his 　　　　（embarrass） ！ 微技能热身 1.①处应填　　　　　　。 2.②处应填介词　　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　　　。 4.④处修饰way，应填　　　　　　。 5.⑤处作宾语，应填　　　　。
breath n.一口气；呼吸的空气
【练通】 用breath的相关短语填空
①（外研选必四） Feeling dizzy， Zhang Yue 　　　　　　　　　　as she struggled to finish her presentation， “And that is why I need your help in turning my new and exciting business into a successful one.”
②（译林选必一）I turned up the volume and stood staring at the radio， 　　　　　　　　and waiting for the first notes of the song.
【写美】 微写作
③我们上气不接下气地到了山顶。
　　　　　　　　　　， we reached the top of the mountain.
【归纳】
（1）hold one’s breath　　　屏住呼吸
catch one’s breath 喘过气来
lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
take a （deep） breath （深）吸一口气
out of breath 喘不过气来
take sb’s breath away 令某人惊叹；使某人
大吃一惊
（2）breathe v. 呼吸
breathe in/out 吸/呼气
（3）breathless adj.喘不过气来的；气喘吁吁的
【佳句】 Running all the way to school， Ann made it to her classroom， out of breath/breathless.
安一路跑到学校，上气不接下气地到了教室。
句型公式：It＋be＋过去分词＋that ...
　【教材原句】 It is believed that EQ plays an even more important role than IQ （intelligence quotient） in people’s lives.人们认为，在生活中，情商比智商扮演着更重要的角色。
【写美】 微写作/一句多译
①人们认为阅读能拓宽我们的视野。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 reading can broaden our horizons.
②据报道，大雨导致河流冲垮了堤岸，冲走了桥梁。
→　　　　　　　　　　 the heavy rain caused rivers to break the banks and wash away bridges.（that从句）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 have caused rivers to break the banks and wash away bridges.（动词不定式）
【归纳】
It is said/reported that ...　 据说/据报道……
It is known to all that ... 众所周知……
It is hoped/thought that ... 人们希望/认为……
It is suggested that ...（should） do ...人们建议……（应该）做……
【点津】 上述句式中， It为形式主语，指代that引导的从句，除It is hoped that ...和It is suggested that ...之外，都可以转化为sb/sth is＋过去分词＋to do/to have done ...句型。
Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.sink
A.v.使（船）沉没　　　　 B.v.（心情）变得沉重
C.v.下沉 D.n.洗碗槽
（1）Naomi put a small recorder near the piano.Starts and stops and mistakes.Long pauses， heart sinking. 　　　　　
（2）（新高考Ⅰ卷）The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds.Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. 　　　　　
（3）In this book， he includes the loss of the space shuttles Challenger and Columbia， and the sinking of the Titanic.　　　　　
（4）The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. 　　　　　
2.work out
A.产生结果　　　　B.算出　　　　C.解决
D.制定出 E.锻炼
（1）To be frank， I’m just trying to work out how much I spend each month. 　　　　　
（2）Moreover， I go to the sports club and work out once a week. 　　　　　
（3）I want to follow his example but it never works out.Can you help me out？ 　　　　　
（4）Turn to your exercise teacher who can help you work out a plan. 　　　　　
（5）To work out this difficult math problem， I had to turn to my teacher. 　　　　　
3.词义猜测
（1）He spotted her steaming down the corridor towards him. 　　　　　
（2）He signalled his discontent by refusing to vote. 　　　　　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
1. （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases， the average of a large number of 　　　　　　（independence） estimates could be quite accurate.
2.（2022·全国甲卷）Knowing some tips will help 　　　　　　（sure） that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
3.He realized that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them 　　　　　　the heat.
4.Don’t be afraid or 　　　　　　（embarrass） to discuss something that is bothering you.
5.Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may 　　　　　　　（forgive） for thinking they are in a city gallery.
Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能
建议信——维系友谊
　　假定你是李华， 你的美国朋友 Jack来信向你诉说他因和朋友发生矛盾而烦恼。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
　　1.对他苦恼的心情表示理解；
　　2.自己对友谊的看法；
　　3.给出建议。
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.很遗憾听到你和你朋友之间的矛盾。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.我能理解你的痛苦，因为我以前也遇到过同样的情况。（agony）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.在我看来，与朋友发生矛盾是不可避免的。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.我们如何解决矛盾才是维系友谊的关键。（resolve）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.想想你自己的行为。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.你必须承认在一定程度上你也有错。（fault）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
7.向你的朋友道歉，并表明你想坦诚地谈一谈。（signal， frank）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
8.告诉他你为什么生气，你想和好。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
9.不要害怕尴尬。（embarrassment）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
10.我相信他也愿意和你和好。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
11.下次你们吵架的时候，说话前要三思。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
12.记住那句老话：“祸从口出。”（Loose lips sink ships.）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
13.我希望上面的建议能帮到你。（help out）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear Jack，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 情感描写：agony， let down， let off steam， sink， concern， annoyed， embarrassment， tangled， tear
动作描写：help out， take a breath， resolve， adjust， forgive， criticise， deceive
人物描写：loose， frank， independent
美句 ①I’m crazy about basketball， and pretty good at it too， which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match.（心理描写） ②Embarrassed and ashamed， I can’t concentrate on anything. （心理描写） ③Filled with anger， you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. （心理描写）
动作描写之“头部”动作
词汇 美句
单词 动词：scratch， hang， drop， lower， bend， bow， brighten， glow ①Brady lifted his head and smelled the smoky wind. 布雷迪抬起头，闻到了烟熏的风。 ②The young engineer sat down on a rock and rested his head on his hands. 年轻的工程师坐在一块石头上，双手托着头。 ③He was scratching his head over the question his teacher had asked him. 他对老师问他的问题摸不着头脑。
短语 ①drop/lower/bend/bow one’s head 低头 ②bury/put/hold one’s head in one’s hands 双手抱头 ③nod one’s head 点头 ④shake one’s head 摇头 ⑤rest one’s head on/against 把头靠在……上面 ⑥scratch one’s head 挠了挠头 ⑦throw one’s head back 头往后仰 ⑧raise/lift one’s head 仰头；抬起头
情境导语 最后一节课，老师宣布了考试成绩。Steven很难过，放学后，他朝公共汽车站走去，他不知道到家后如何面对母亲。
第一步　完成句子
1.Steven低着头，眼里含着泪，慢慢地向公交车走去。
Steven walked slowly to the bus， 　　　　　　　　　　， tears in his eyes.（独立主格结构）
2.他的朋友John向他点头微笑。
His friend John 　　　　　　　　　　　and smiled at him.
3.尽管他心情不好，但他还是低下头来掩饰，勉强笑了一下。
Though he was in a bad mood， he 　　　　　　　　　　　　and managed a smile.
4.回到家中，他把头埋到被子底下，假装睡着了。
When he got home， he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， pretending to be asleep.
5.他母亲停下了家务活，满眼诧异地抬起头。
His mother stopped her housework， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（非谓语动词短语作状语）
6.Steven起来坐在母亲身边，将头靠在她的肩膀上，哭泣起来。
Steven rose， sat close to his mother and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， weeping.
第二步　连句成文
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
UNIT 1　Knowing me， knowing you
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身]　1.to　2.down　3.to show　4.talking
5.annoyed　6.to forgive
1.①living　②adjustments　③adjustable
④my not adjusting the relevant information in time
2.①let alone　②let out　③let off　④let you down
3.①with　②annoying　③at/about　④What annoys me most
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身]　1.that　2.with　3.a　4.peaceful
5.embarrassment
4.①took a deep breath　②holding my breath　③Out of breath
5.①It is thought/believed that
②It is reported that； The heavy rain was reported to
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.（1）B　（2）D　（3）A　（4）C
2.（1）B　（2）E　（3）A　（4）D　（5）C
3.（1）vi.快速行走；疾行　（2）vt.表达，表示
维度二
1.independent　2.ensure　3.from　4.embarrassed
5.be forgiven
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.Sorry to hear about the conflict between you and your friend.
2.I can understand your agony as I faced the same situation before.
3.In my opinion， it’s unavoidable to have conflicts with our friends.
4.It is how we resolve the conflicts that matters in maintaining friendship.
5.Think about your own behavior.
6.You have to admit that it’s partly your fault.
7.Apologize to your friend and give a signal that you want to have a frank talk.
8.Tell him why you were angry and you want to make up.
9.Don’t be afraid of embarrassment.
10.I believe he would like to make up with you， too.
11.Next time you have an argument， think twice before saying anything.
12.Bear in mind the old saying， “Loose lips sink ships.”
13.I hope the advice above can help you out.
第二步
Dear Jack，
　　Sorry to hear about the conflict between you and your friend.I can understand your agony as I faced the same situation before.
　　In my opinion， it’s unavoidable to have conflicts with our friends.It is how we resolve the conflicts that matters in maintaining friendship.Here is what you should do.
　　First， think about your own behavior.You have to admit that it’s partly your fault.Then， apologize to your friend and give a signal that you want to have a frank talk.Tell him why you were angry and you want to make up.Don’t be afraid of embarrassment.I believe he would like to make up with you， too.
　　Next time you have an argument， think twice before saying anything.Bear in mind the old saying， “Loose lips sink ships.” I hope the advice above can help you out.
Yours，
Li Hua
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.his head down
2.nodded his head
3.dropped his head to hide it
4.buried his head under the quilt
5.raising her head with surprise in her eyes
6.rested his head on her shoulder
第二步
　　Steven walked slowly to the bus， his head down， tears in his eyes.His friend John nodded his head and smiled at him.Though he was in a bad mood， he dropped his head to hide it and managed a smile.When he got home， he buried his head under the quilt， pretending to be asleep.However， his mother stopped her housework， raising her head with surprise in her eyes.Then Steven rose， sat close to his mother and rested his head on her shoulder， weeping.(共94张PPT)
UNIT 1　Knowing me， knowing you
高中总复习·英语 (外研版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. his upper lip 他的上嘴唇
2. resolve a problem 解决问题
3. work on new strategies 制订新策略
4. choose the latter 选择后者
5. keep oneself apart from other people 让自己与其他人保持距离
6. ①a loose floorboard 一块松动的地板
②loose hair 披散的头发
③a loose translation 不精确的译文
④loose arrangement 松散的安排
7. ①a battleship sunk by a torpedo 一艘被鱼雷击沉的战舰
②my heart sank 我的心一沉
③sink back into her seat 坐回到她的座位上
语境记忆
8. ensure v.确保，保证
To ensure our safety， we launched a snow clearing activity.
为了确保我们的安全，我们开展了扫雪活动。
9. duty n.职责，义务；责任
We feel it’s our duty to protect and beautify our environment.
我们觉得保护和美化我们的环境是我们的责任。 （环境保护）
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. agony n.痛楚，苦难
agony aunt 知心阿姨
2. core adj.核心的（课程、团体等）
3. tangled adj.纠结的；复杂的
4. web n.蜘蛛网；错综复杂的事物
5. weave v.编，织
6. deceive v.欺骗
7. fence n.栅栏，围栏，篱笆
教材例句
8. （译林选必四）Justify yourself with relevant examples from your
personal experience and be specific about your achievements. v.证明
（别人认为不合理的事）有道理
派生词汇识记
1. fault n.责任，过错→faulty adj.有故障的；有缺陷的
2. breath n.一口气→breathe v.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的
3. concern n.忧虑，担心→concerned adj.担心的；关切的→concerning
prep.关于
4. adjust v.适应，（使）习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的
→adjustment n.调整；调节；适应
5. criticise v.批评，指责→criticism n.批评
6. embarrassment n.尴尬，难为情→embarrass vt.使尴尬
→embarrassing adj.令人难堪的；令人窘迫的
7. frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的→frankly adv.坦率地
1.动词后缀“-fy”小结 ①just→justify 证明
（别人认为不合理的
事）有道理；为……辩护 ②beauty→beautify 美化 ③simple→simplify 简化 ④diversity→diversify
使多样化 2.克服“缺点，弱点” ①fault 责任，过错，
缺点，弱点 ②weakness 缺点，不足；弱点 ③disadvantage 缺点，不利条件 ④shortcoming 缺点，短处 ⑤drawback 缺点，不利因素 3.“by＋名词”短语集锦
①by accident 偶然，意外地
②by chance 偶然，碰巧
③by tradition 按照传统
④by origin 就来源而言
⑤by design 故意地
第一组
1. help out 帮一把
2. let down 使失望，辜负
3. be angry with sb 生某人的气
4. be sure to do sth 一定要做某事
5. apologise to sb 向某人道歉
6. communicate with sb 与某人交流
7. look down on 轻视，瞧不起
8. by accident 偶然，意外地
9. settle down 定居下来，过安定的生活
第二组
10. protect ...from ... 保护……免受……
11. to what extent 在多大程度上
12. in a mess 陷入困境，混乱，杂乱
13. let off steam 发泄怒火，宣泄情绪
14. take a breath 吸一口气
15. pull one’s weight 做好分内事，尽责
16. tell a lie 说谎
17. tell the truth 说实话
18. fit in with 与……相适应/协调
1. 句式：形容词短语作状语
原句：Embarrassed and ashamed， I can’t concentrate on anything.
我既尴尬又羞愧，做什么事都无法集中精力。
2. 句式：whatever引导宾语从句
原句：Filled with anger， you tend to say whatever comes to your
mind.
满腔怒火的时候，你往往想到什么就说什么。
3. 句式：It＋be＋过去分词＋that ...
原句： It is believed that EQ plays an even more important role than IQ
（intelligence quotient） in people’s lives.
人们认为，在生活中，情商比智商扮演着更重要的角色。
　　John sometimes told a lie to Ted and even let off steam.Ted thought
it was his duty to help John to become a better person， so he pointed out
Ted’s shortcomings.To Ted’s disappointment，John misunderstood
that Ted was finding fault with him，which made him annoyed.John no
longer played with Ted and distanced himself from Ted.Resolving to
repair their relationship， Ted apologised to John and adjusted his
strategy.He expressed his opinions more politely instead of criticising
him directly.John forgave Ted and the two became closer than before.
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.agony n.痛楚，苦难
□2.core adj.核心的（课程、团体等）
□3.tangled adj.纠结的；复杂的
□4.web n.蜘蛛网；错综复杂的事物
□5.weave v.编，织
□6.deceive v.欺骗
□7.justify v.证明（别人认为不合理的事）有道理；为……辩护
□8.fence n.栅栏，围栏，篱笆
核心单词练通
1. n.蒸汽，水蒸气
2. adj.说话随便（轻率）的
3. n.拳击（运动）
4. n.（嘴）唇
5. v.解决（问题、困难）
6. n.计谋，策略；行动计划
7. n.职责，义务；责任
8. n.后者
9. adv.此外，而且
steam　
loose　
boxing　
lip　
resolve　
strategy　
duty　
latter　
moreover　
10. Standing with your arms folded can send out a （信号）
that you are defensive.
11. A group of specialists were sent to look into what （使沉
没） the ship.
12. She tore the box open， amazed but moved， （泪水）
streaming down her face.
13. Having （确保） that the little monkey was in good
condition， we let it go.
signal　
sunk　
tears　
ensured　
拓展单词用活
1. n.责任，过错→ adj.有错误的，有缺点的
2. n.忧虑，担心→ adj.担心的；关切的
→ prep.关于
3. v.适应，（使）习惯→ adj.可调整的，可
调节的→ n.调整，调节；适应
4. n.复杂性，错综复杂→ adj.复杂的
5. v.批评，指责→ n.批评→ n.批
评家，评论员→ adj.批判的，挑剔的；极重要的
fault　
faulty　
concern　
concerned　
concerning　
adjust　
adjustable　
adjustment　
complexity　
complex　
criticise　
criticism　
critic　
critical　
6. n.尴尬，难为情→ v.使尴尬
→ adj.令人尴尬的→ adj.难堪的，
尴尬的
7. adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的→ adv.坦
率地
8. Yesterday， I climbed the mountain to the fresh
air.Although I became when I was on the top，
the of fresh air was worth it.（breath）
embarrassment　
embarrass　
embarrassing　
embarrassed　
frank　
frankly　
breathe　
breathless　
breath　
9. It him that his wife had spent too much money on her
clothes.For most men， it was really an thing.（annoy）
10. You can choose to someone who has hurt you even if he
does not deserve or ask for .（forgive）
11. Since the country gained its ， it has
been of any powerful country.（independence）
12. The main type of injuries was from
traffic ， fall， burns for the children aged 0－14 years.
（accident）
annoyed　
annoying　
forgive　
forgiveness　
independence　
independent　
accidental　
accidents　
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
先 写 对
第 一 组 1. 　 帮一把
2. 　　使失望，辜负
3. 　　发泄怒火，宣泄情绪
4. 　　吸一口气
5. 　　生某人的气
6. 　　一定要做某事
7. 　　向某人道歉
8. 　　与……交流
help out　
let down　
let off steam　
take a breath　
be angry with sb　
be sure to do sth　
apologise to sb　
communicate with　
再 用 准
1.We were getting so busy with different tasks that we soon needed someone to .
2.The whole team counts on Cristiano Ronaldo， and he seldom his team.
3.When I was in a bad mood， I would go for a run to .
4.He went onto the stage with his legs trembling， and began his speech.
5.I misunderstood him a moment ago， so I should make a call to him.
help out　
lets down　
let off steam　
took a breath　
apologise to
先 写 对
第 二 组 1. 　　做好分内事，尽责
2. 　　轻视，瞧不起
3. 　　偶然，意外地
4. 　　定居下来，过安定的生活
5. 　　保护……免受……
6. 　　说实话
7. 　　在多大程度上
8. 　　陷入困境，混乱，杂乱
9. 　　与……相适应/协调
pull one’s weight　
look down on　
by accident　
settle down　
protect ...from ...　
tell the truth　
to what extent　
in a mess　
fit in with　
再 用 准
1.You can’t succeed unless you keep working hard.
2.In my opinion， is not only a good quality but
our duty.
3.He suddenly left without explanation， leaving things .
4. will future scientific discoveries make the prolonging of human life possible？
5.I have never done this type of work before； I’m not sure how to the other people.
by accident　
pulling our weight
in a mess　
To what extent　
fit in with
（三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：形容词短语作
状语 教材原句：Embarrassed
and ashamed， I can’t
concentrate on anything. 1.他对我的小礼物感到满意，表达了对
我的感激之情。（情绪描写）
， he
expressed his gratitude to me.
Pleased with my little gift　
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：It＋be＋过去
分词＋that ... 教材原句： It is believed that
EQ plays an even more
important role than IQ
（intelligence quotient） in
people’s lives. 2.我们相信，通过我们的共同努力，
我们会创造一个更美丽的世界。

through our joint
efforts.
It is believed that we will create a
more beautiful world　
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
　 　Generally speaking， it is hard for you to adjust yourself 　　 the new life every time you move to a new place.Here are two useful tips for you， which I think won’t let you 　　　　 .
　　Firstly， be helpful and friendly.When you get to a new place，
it’s important for you 　　　　 （show） concern for others.When
they’re in trouble， you’d better try to help them out.
　　Secondly， always keep in mind that loose lips sink
ships.When 　　　　 （talk） to others， you do think carefully before
speaking to avoid saying some words that will hurt others.If you say
something that makes others 　　　　 （annoy） by accident， you
must apologise to them and ask them 　　　　 （forgive） you as soon
as possible.
微技能热身
1. ①处应填介词 。
2. ②处应填副词 。
3. ③处应填 。
4. ④处为状语从句的省略，应填 。
5. ⑤处作宾语补足语，表示人的感受，应填 。
6. ⑥处作宾语补足语，应填 。
to　
down　
to show　
talking　
annoyed　
to forgive　
adjust v.适应，（使）习惯；调整；调节
【练通】 单句语法填空
①In this way， you may adjust yourself to （live） in China
soon. （建议信）
②I’m writing to tell you that we have to make a few
（adjust） to our travelling plans.
③To my great sorrow， the height of the bicycle is barely
（adjust）.
living　
adjustments　
adjustable　
【写美】 微写作
④由于我没有及时调整相关的信息，给您带来了极大的不便，我写信
向您道歉。 （道歉信）
I am writing to apologise to you for
， causing great inconvenience to you.（adjust）
my not adjusting the relevant
information in time　
【归纳】
（1）adjust ...to （doing） ... 调整……以适应（做）……
adjust oneself to ...　　使自己适应……
adjust to （doing） sth　　适应（做）某事
（2）adjustment n.　　调整；调节；适应
make an adjustment/adjustments to ...　　对……作出调整
（3）adjustable adj.　　可调节的
【佳句】 Knowing that you have difficulty in adjusting （yourself） to
the new school life， I’m writing to give you some tips， which I hope
will be of help to you. （建议信）
得知你在适应新的学校生活方面有困难，我写信给你一些建议，希望
会对你有帮助。
let down 使失望，辜负；放下，降低
【练通】 用let的相关短语填空
①He didn’t seem to be moved by those at all， putting on
a smile.
②Then she laughter and hugged me， kissing me on both
cheeks.
③Don’t fireworks near the house.It’s dangerous.
let alone　
let out　
let off　
【写美】 微写作
④如果我能被录用为一名志愿者，我不会让你失望的。 （申请
信）
If I’m admitted as a volunteer， I won’t .
let you down　
【归纳】
let alone　　更不用说
let go （of）　　放开，松手；放弃，摒弃（想法、态度或控制）
let off　　宽恕，免除（任务或义务）；使爆炸
let out 　　放掉；发出（叫声等）；泄露；结束；散场
【佳句】 I am very nervous and in low spirits because I am afraid of
letting my parents down. （心理描写）
因为害怕让父母失望，我非常紧张，情绪低落。
annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I was annoyed my younger brother because he was often
crying at night.
②I owe you an apology； you must have found my attitude
very （annoy）.
③I hope she won’t get annoyed my careless mistakes.
with　
annoying　
at/about　
【写美】 微写作
④最让我烦恼的是我的室友们经常聊天到深夜，这让我难以入眠。
（求助信）
is that my roommates often chat late into
night， which makes me sleepless.
What annoys me most　
【归纳】
（1）be annoyed with sb　　　　对某人感到生气
be/get annoyed at/about sth　　对某事生气
be annoyed to do sth　　对做某事感到生气
be annoyed that ...　　对……感到生气
（2）annoy vt.　　使恼怒，使生气
annoying adj.　　使人生气的
（3）annoyance n.　　恼怒，烦恼，生气
in annoyance　　恼怒地
much to one’s annoyance/to one’s great annoyance　　使某人非常生
气的是
【佳句】 Sally was annoyed with the children for making so loud
noise， slamming her fist on the table in annoyance.莎莉对孩子们弄出
这么大的响声感到很生气，她恼怒地用拳头捶桌子。
　 　 It is believed 　　　　 getting along well with your
classmates is important.When dealing with them， you’d better not find fault 　　　　 them.When you do something wrong， you mustn’t justify yourself.When you want to let off steam， you’d better
take 　　　　 deep breath first.And then try to resolve the problem in
a 　　　　 （peace） way.Moreover， you shouldn’t criticise them
in public， for it’s hard for a person to hide his 　　　 （embarrass） ！
微技能热身
1. ①处应填 。
2. ②处应填介词 。
3. ③处应填 。
4. ④处修饰way，应填 。
5. ⑤处作宾语，应填 。
that　
with　
a　
peaceful　
embarrassment　
breath n.一口气；呼吸的空气
【练通】 用breath的相关短语填空
①（外研选必四） Feeling dizzy， Zhang Yue as
she struggled to finish her presentation， “And that is why I need your
help in turning my new and exciting business into a successful one.”
②（译林选必一）I turned up the volume and stood staring at the
radio， and waiting for the first notes of the song.
took a deep breath　
holding my breath　
【写美】 微写作
③我们上气不接下气地到了山顶。
， we reached the top of the mountain.
Out of breath　
【归纳】
（1）hold one’s breath　 屏住呼吸
catch one’s breath　　喘过气来
lose one’s breath　　喘不过气来
take a （deep） breath　　（深）吸一口气
out of breath　　喘不过气来
take sb’s breath away　　令某人惊叹；使某人大吃一惊
（2）breathe v.　　呼吸
breathe in/out　　吸/呼气
（3）breathless adj.喘不过气来的；气喘吁吁的
【佳句】 Running all the way to school， Ann made it to her classroom，
out of breath/breathless.
安一路跑到学校，上气不接下气地到了教室。
句型公式：It＋be＋过去分词＋that ...
　【教材原句】 It is believed that EQ plays an even more important role
than IQ （intelligence quotient） in people’s lives.人们认为，在生活
中，情商比智商扮演着更重要的角色。
【写美】 微写作/一句多译
①人们认为阅读能拓宽我们的视野。
reading can broaden our horizons.
②据报道，大雨导致河流冲垮了堤岸，冲走了桥梁。
→ the heavy rain caused rivers to break the banks
and wash away bridges.（that从句）
→ have caused rivers to break the
banks and wash away bridges.（动词不定式）
It is thought/believed that　
It is reported that　
The heavy rain was reported to　
【归纳】
It is said/reported that ...　　据说/据报道……
It is known to all that ...　　众所周知……
It is hoped/thought that ...　　人们希望/认为……
It is suggested that ...（should） do ... 人们建议……（应该）
做……
【点津】 上述句式中， It为形式主语，指代that引导的从句，除It is
hoped that ...和It is suggested that ...之外，都可以转化为sb/sth is＋
过去分词＋to do/to have done ...句型。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. sink
A. v.使（船）沉没　　　 B. v.（心情）变得沉重
C. v.下沉　 D. n.洗碗槽
（1）Naomi put a small recorder near the piano.Starts and stops and
mistakes.Long pauses， heart sinking.
（2）（新高考Ⅰ卷）The pan was too hot and the bread turned black
within seconds.Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the
other slice of bread.
B　
D　
（3）In this book， he includes the loss of the space shuttles Challenger
and Columbia， and the sinking of the Titanic.
（4）The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna
Forest.
A　
C　
2. work out
A. 产生结果　 B. 算出 C. 解决 D. 制定出　　E. 锻炼
（1）To be frank， I’m just trying to work out how much I spend each
month.
（2）Moreover， I go to the sports club and work out once a
week.
（3）I want to follow his example but it never works out.Can you help
me out？
B　
E　
A　
（4）Turn to your exercise teacher who can help you work out a
plan.
（5）To work out this difficult math problem， I had to turn to my
teacher.
D　
C　
3. 词义猜测
（1）He spotted her steaming down the corridor towards him.

（2）He signalled his discontent by refusing to vote.

vi.快速行走；疾行　
vt.表达，表示　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
1. （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）The experiment of estimation he conducted
showed that in some cases， the average of a large number
of （independence） estimates could be quite accurate.
2. （2022·全国甲卷）Knowing some tips will help
（sure） that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no
matter where you are in the world.
independent　
ensure　
3. He realized that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect
them the heat.
4. Don’t be afraid or （embarrass） to discuss
something that is bothering you.
5. Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions
may （forgive） for thinking they are in a city gallery.
from　
embarrassed　
be forgiven　
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
建议信——维系友谊
　　假定你是李华， 你的美国朋友 Jack来信向你诉说他因和朋友发生
矛盾而烦恼。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
　　1. 对他苦恼的心情表示理解；
　　2. 自己对友谊的看法；
　　3. 给出建议。
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 很遗憾听到你和你朋友之间的矛盾。

2. 我能理解你的痛苦，因为我以前也遇到过同样的情况。（agony）

3. 在我看来，与朋友发生矛盾是不可避免的。

4. 我们如何解决矛盾才是维系友谊的关键。（resolve）

Sorry to hear about the conflict between you and your friend.
I can understand your agony as I faced the same situation before.
In my opinion， it’s unavoidable to have conflicts with our friends.
It is how we resolve the conflicts that matters in maintaining friendship.
5. 想想你自己的行为。

6. 你必须承认在一定程度上你也有错。（fault）

7. 向你的朋友道歉，并表明你想坦诚地谈一谈。（signal， frank）


8. 告诉他你为什么生气，你想和好。

Think about your own behavior.
You have to admit that it’s partly your fault.
Apologize to your friend and give a signal that you want to have a frank
talk.
Tell him why you were angry and you want to make up.
9. 不要害怕尴尬。（embarrassment）

10. 我相信他也愿意和你和好。

11. 下次你们吵架的时候，说话前要三思。

12. 记住那句老话：“祸从口出。”（Loose lips sink ships.）

13. 我希望上面的建议能帮到你。（help out）

Don’t be afraid of embarrassment.
I believe he would like to make up with you， too.
Next time you have an argument， think twice before saying anything.
Bear in mind the old saying， “Loose lips sink ships.”
I hope the advice above can help you out.
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear Jack，
　　

　　


　　 　Sorry to hear about the conflict between you and your friend.I can
understand your agony as I faced the same situation before.　
　　 　In my opinion， it’s unavoidable to have conflicts with our
friends.It is how we resolve the conflicts that matters in maintaining
friendship.Here is what you should do.　
　　




　　


Yours，
Li Hua
　　 　First， think about your own behavior.You have to admit that it’s
partly your fault.Then， apologize to your friend and give a signal that
you want to have a frank talk.Tell him why you were angry and you want
to make up.Don’t be afraid of embarrassment.I believe he would like to
make up with you， too.　
　　 　Next time you have an argument， think twice before saying
anything.Bear in mind the old saying， “Loose lips sink ships.” I hope
the advice above can help you out.　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮 词 情感描写：agony， let down， let off steam， sink， concern，
annoyed， embarrassment， tangled， tear
动作描写：help out， take a breath， resolve， adjust， forgive，
criticise， deceive
人物描写：loose， frank， independent
美 句 ①I’m crazy about basketball， and pretty good at it too， which is
probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match.（心理描写）
②Embarrassed and ashamed， I can’t concentrate on anything.
（心理描写）
③Filled with anger， you tend to say whatever comes to your mind.
（心理描写）
动作描写之“头部”动作
词汇
单 词 动词：scratch， hang， drop， lower， bend， bow， brighten，
glow
短 语 ①drop/lower/bend/bow one’s head 低头
②bury/put/hold one’s head in one’s hands 双手抱头
③nod one’s head 点头
④shake one’s head 摇头
⑤rest one’s head on/against 把头靠在……上面
⑥scratch one’s head 挠了挠头
⑦throw one’s head back 头往后仰
⑧raise/lift one’s head 仰头；抬起头
美句
①Brady lifted his head and smelled the smoky wind.
布雷迪抬起头，闻到了烟熏的风。
②The young engineer sat down on a rock and rested his head on his hands.
年轻的工程师坐在一块石头上，双手托着头。
③He was scratching his head over the question his teacher had asked him.
他对老师问他的问题摸不着头脑。
情境导语 最后一节课，老师宣布了考试成绩。Steven很难过，放学
后，他朝公共汽车站走去，他不知道到家后如何面对母亲。
第一步　完成句子
1. Steven低着头，眼里含着泪，慢慢地向公交车走去。
Steven walked slowly to the bus， ， tears in his eyes.
（独立主格结构）
2. 他的朋友John向他点头微笑。
His friend John and smiled at him.
his head down　
nodded his head　
3. 尽管他心情不好，但他还是低下头来掩饰，勉强笑了一下。
Though he was in a bad mood， he and
managed a smile.
4. 回到家中，他把头埋到被子底下，假装睡着了。
When he got home， he ， pretending
to be asleep.
5. 他母亲停下了家务活，满眼诧异地抬起头。
His mother stopped her housework，
.（非谓语动词短语作状语）
dropped his head to hide it　
buried his head under the quilt　
raising her head with surprise in
her eyes　
6. Steven起来坐在母亲身边，将头靠在她的肩膀上，哭泣起来。
Steven rose， sat close to his mother and
， weeping.
rested his head on her
shoulder　
第二步　连句成文
　　






　　 　Steven walked slowly to the bus， his head down， tears in his
eyes.His friend John nodded his head and smiled at him.Though he was in
a bad mood， he dropped his head to hide it and managed a smile.When
he got home， he buried his head under the quilt， pretending to be
asleep.However， his mother stopped her housework， raising her head
with surprise in her eyes.Then Steven rose， sat close to his mother and
rested his head on her shoulder， weeping.　
4
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
阅读理解
A
　　（2025·佛山二模）Initial conversations can have a huge impact on
how relationships develop over time.People are often stuck in the
impressions they think they might have made the minute they finish
speaking with someone for the first time： “Did they like me or were
they just being polite？” “Were they deep in thought or deeply
bored？”
　　To find out whether these worries are necessary， we have conducted
nearly 10 years of research.In our studies， participants in the UK talked
with someone they had never met before.Afterward， they were asked
how much they liked their conversation partner and how much they
believed that their conversation partner liked them.This allowed us to
compare how much people believed they were liked to how much they
were actually liked.
　　Time and time again， we found that people left their conversations
with negative feelings about the impression they made.That is， people
systematically underestimate how much their conversation partners like
them and enjoy their company — a false belief we call the “liking gap”.
　　This bias （偏见） may seem like something that would occur only
in initial interactions， but its effects extend far beyond a first
impression.Surprisingly， the liking gap can constantly affect a variety of
relationships， including interactions with co-workers， long after the
initial conversations have taken place.Having a larger liking gap is
associated with being less willing to ask workmates for help， less willing
to provide workmates with open and honest feedback， and less willing to
work on another project together.
　　There are numerous strategies to minimize your biased feelings.One
place to start is shifting your focus of attention.Try to direct your attention
to your conversation partner， be genuinely curious about them， ask
them more questions， and really listen to their answers.The more
you’re zeroed in on the other person， and the less you’re focused on
yourself， the better your conversation will be and the less your mind will
turn to all the things you think you didn’t do well.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是“好感认知
差距”以及这种心态对人们社交关系的影响。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是“好感认知
差距”以及这种心态对人们社交关系的影响。
1. Why did the author carry out 10 years of research？（　　）
A. To dismiss national concerns.
B. To check out a potential bias.
C. To enhance human communication.
D. To develop harmonious relationships.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段内容以及第二段中的To find out
whether these worries are necessary， we have conducted nearly 10 years
of research.可知，作者进行10年的研究是为了找出潜在的偏见。
√
2. What is one effect of people’s liking gap？（　　）
A. Fewer chances of new projects.
B. Underestimation of their ability.
C. Bad relationships with people around.
D. Low willingness to interact with others.
解析：　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，好感认知差
距的一个影响是与他人互动的意愿低。
√
3. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph？（　　）
A. Restate opinions. B. Deliver warnings.
C. Give suggestions. D. Make a summary.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者在最后一段给
出建议。
√
4. Which might be the best title for the text？（　　）
A. Liking Gap May Influence Work Performances
B. First Impressions Rely on Initial Conversations
C. People Probably Like You More Than You Think
D. How People Like You Matters Less Than You Assume
解析：　标题归纳题。本文主要说明了什么是“好感认知差距”以
及这种心态对人们社交关系的影响。由此可知，C项（人们可能比你
想象的更喜欢你）适合作文章最佳标题。
√
B
　　（2025·盐城模拟）Passive-aggressive （消极抗拒） behaviour
can feel “normal” — especially if it’s how we’ve grown up seeing
others around us deal with relationship issues.Whether done verbally （言
语上） or nonverbally， passive aggression is meant to avoid hurting
someone else’s feelings， escape conflict， or show disagreement
without being outspoken in it.
　　It’s a more common way of dealing with things than you might
think.But why are we passive-aggressive？ What are the signs we can
look out for to recognize being passive-aggressive？ And how does it
affect us？
　　There are many reasons why someone might display passive-
aggressive behaviour， including insecurity or fear of losing control， as
well as using it as a way to handle feelings of stress， anxiety， or
depression.It can also be a way to try to deal with rejection or conflict，
because of feelings of under-appreciation， or due to worry that any
natural feelings of anger aren’t the right response， and so it becomes an
attempt to sugarcoat things.
　　We almost all exhibit signs of passive aggression from time to time，
but when it becomes a habit within our relationships， it can become
upsetting for the other person involved， causing a divide.And for the
person exhibiting this behaviour， their inability to say what is wrong
clearly can often worsen the issue as it isn’t being dealt with
directly.Ultimately， passive aggression prevents change and growth，
leading to more negative behaviour， the breakdown of trust， and further
relationship problems.
　　Admitting that you have a problem and need to change is not just
good for your relationship， but also a huge help in your life.If you’re
struggling and aren’t sure where to begin， ask yourself “Could I
unintentionally （or intentionally） be hurting my relationship？ Is it
worth saving my relationship， or do I want to risk things getting worse？
Would I be happy if my partner acted the way I’ve been acting？”
　　Change doesn’t happen overnight， but， with time and effort，
you can find new， healthier ways of communicating how you are
feeling， and start to strengthen the bonds within your relationship.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了消极抗拒这种人际交往
中的新现象，分析其产生的原因及其可能造成的其他后果并提出了
有效解决它的建议。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了消极抗拒这种人际交往
中的新现象，分析其产生的原因及其可能造成的其他后果并提出了
有效解决它的建议。
5. What is the possible passive-aggressive response to displeasure？
（　　）
A. Turning to rude languages.
B. Displaying violent behavior.
C. Hiding his true inner feelings.
D. Coming into conflict with others.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，为避免伤害别人
的感情，避免冲突以及间接地表现出分歧，就要隐藏人内心的真
实感受。
√
6. What can we learn about passive-aggressive people？（　　）
A. They are sometimes overconfident in themselves.
B. They believe conflicts should be resolved directly.
C. Their passive-aggressive behavior doesn’t last long.
D. Their behaviour likely leads to more negative results.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，消极的抗拒行为
是其他负面行为的根源，他们的行为可能会导致更多负面的结果。
√
7. What do the underlined words “the issue” in Paragraph 4 refer to？
（　　）
A. The behavior. B. The divide.
C. The inability. D. The habit.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第四段前两句可知，the issue这里指代的
不是behavior，因为这里的behavior指代的是passive aggression，则
issue应该指代的是上句中的divide （分歧），说明“让对方感到不安
从而造成的分歧”带来了很多负面的结果，这通过本段最后一句由
passive aggression造成的后果可以得到印证。
√
8. What should you do to make a change？（　　）
A. Start with a self-reflection.
B. Apologize to the other side.
C. Copy how the partner acts.
D. Let time cure everything.
解析：　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者认为从自我
反省开始才能作出改变。
√
演示完毕 感谢观看 !

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