资源简介

UNIT 2　Onwards and upwards
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　（2025·宁波二模）The day I met Hani Irmawati， she stood alone in the parking lot of the International school， a shy seventeen-year-old in worn clothing.Despite the school’s policy against Indonesian students， she approached me， begging to improve her English.When I inquired about her motivation， expecting a local job search， she quietly expressed her dream of attending an American university.
　　Moved by her determination， I volunteered to help her after school.Each day， Hani woke at dawn， studying on the bus to her public high school， then joining me in the afternoon， exhausted but eager to learn.Despite her struggles with college-level English， her perseverance amazed me.
　　Hani’s family lived modestly， her parents working as a custodian and a maid.Their income couldn’t support her American university aspirations， dampening my initial optimism.
　　In December 1998， a scholarship opportunity arose， but upon reviewing the requirements， I despaired.Hani lacked the extra-curricular experience and standardized test scores typical of applicants.Despite my discouragement， she remained resolute， asking me to submit her application.Unable to refuse， I completed the application， highlighting her courage and perseverance.I warned her of slim acceptance odds， but she remained steadfast.
　　In the following weeks， Hani intensified her English studies， and I arranged for her to take the Test of English Fluency.The computerized test posed a significant challenge for her.Just before departing for the test， she received a letter from the scholarship association.I began reading the letter with her， only to discover she’d been accepted.
　　Overjoyed， I celebrated while Hani stood quietly， perhaps bewildered by my shock.In that moment， I realized what Hani had known all along： success requires not just intelligence， but also the drive to persevere and the courage to believe in oneself.
1.What motivated Hani to improve her English？（　　）
A.Pressure from family members. B.Curiosity about foreign languages.
C.Job prospects in the local community. D.Ambition of entering an American university.
2.What can we infer about the difficulties that Hani had？（　　）
A.Hani’s parents were unsupportive of her dream.
B.Hani was uninterested in extra-curricular activities.
C.Hani’s application form was not submitted on time.
D.Hani was not academically qualified for the scholarship.
3.How did the author likely feel upon discovering Hani’s acceptance to the scholarship？（　　）
A.Surprised and proud. B.Relieved but envious.
C.Touched and honored. D.Shocked but concerned.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text？（　　）
A.From Shyness to Success B.A Scholar’s Journey
C.The Power of Perseverance D.Hani’s Unrealistic Dream
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　In late 2021， I began to have a little bit of a midlife crisis.When my father was 48 years old， he had a heart attack that nearly ended his life.As I 　5　 my midforties， I knew that I needed to make a change in my life.I wanted to do something 　6　 to prove to myself and everyone else around me that I wasn’t going to have the same fate.
　　As I was trying to determine what kind of 　7　 that I wanted to set， I found a 　8　 called The Rut.The Rut is a series of races that are 　9　 in Big Sky， Montana every September.There are multiple distances， but the 28-kilometer 　10　 is the most popular， as well as the most 　11　 of the entire series.This race is regularly listed in the top ten most difficult races in the world.It involves almost 8，000 feet of elevation （海拔） 　12　.This was the type of race I was 　13　.
　　I also did a detailed training 　14　.Even if I was traveling for business， I would stick to it and never 　15　 a workout （训练）.And then came the race day.
　　That day， Big Sky， Montana，was unseasonably 　16　， almost 100 degrees Fahrenheit.The race is going almost entirely above tree line，which means that you just are 　17　 to the elements （恶劣天气） nearly the entire time.Many people 　18　 out of the race halfway.But I finished it.When I reached the finish line， I was greeted by my wife and children， also friends that had traveled with us to Big Sky that day.This was the biggest challenge I had made for myself， but I 　19　 it.
5.（　）A.finished　　　　　　B.designed　　　　　　C.approached　　　　　D.changed
6.（　）A.public B.big C.equal D.dangerous
7.（　）A.record B.test C.goal D.trap
8.（　）A.race B.training C.town D.place
9.（　）A.adopted B.created C.covered D.hosted
10.（　）A.distance B.display C.competition D.game
11.（　）A.exciting B.challenging C.breathtaking D.surprising
12.（　）A.ride B.trouble C.gain D.show
13.（　）A.changing for B.leaving for C.paying for D.looking for
14.（　）A.plan B.service C.exchange D.center
15.（　）A.served B.missed C.offered D.followed
16.（　）A.hot B.cool C.mild D.common
17.（　）A.expected B.used C.exposed D.proved
18.（　）A.kept B.took C.hid D.dropped
19.（　）A.forgot B.made C.caught D.appreciated
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2025·南京联考）China plans to start building a lunar base in about four years， kicking off with bricks made of moon soil， according to scientists related to the project， the local news agency reported.Ding Lieyun， 20.　　　　　　 leading scientist at Huazhong University of Science and Technology， told local media that the first brick 21.　　　　　　 （make） from moon soil during the Chang’e 8 mission around 2028.
　　China has previously said its lunar base will 22.　　　　　　 （like） be powered by nuclear energy， and will include a lander， hopper， orbiter and rover， all of 23.　　　　　　 would be constructed by the Chang’e 6， 7 and 8 missions.It wasn’t immediately clear in the interview 24.　　　　　　 the entire base will be built with lunar soil.
　　“Eventually， building habitation 25.　　　　　　 the Earth is essential not only for all humanity’s quest for space exploration， but also for China’s 26.　　　　　　 （strategy） needs as a space power，” Ding said in a separate interview.
　　The moon is believed 27.　　　　　　 （contain） a source of waste-free nuclear energy that could meet global energy demands for 250 years， meaning potentially hundreds of billions of dollars’ worth of resources.
Yu Dengyun， from the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation， provided an 28.　　　　　　 （update） timeline for the next three Chang’e missions.Chang’e 6 will launch in 2025 to collect samples from the far side of the moon， Chang’e 7 will blast off the following year to search for water-ice，29.　　　　　 Chang’e 8 should land some two years after that.
UNIT 2　Onwards and upwards
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁女孩Hani Irmawati为了自己上大学的梦想，努力学习英语，最终获得了奖学金被大学录取的故事。1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的When I inquired about ... attending an American university.可知，进入一所美国大学的抱负促使哈尼提高她的英语水平。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的Hani lacked the extra-curricular experience and standardized test scores typical of applicants.可知，哈尼在学术上不符合获得奖学金的条件。
3.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，当作者得知哈尼获得奖学金时，他感到惊讶和自豪。
4.C　标题归纳题。根据全文可知，本文主要讲述了17岁女孩Hani Irmawati为了自己上大学的梦想，努力学习英语，最终获得了奖学金被大学录取的故事。因此，C项（毅力的力量）可作文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中年危机开始时，打算作出一些改变，使自己有不同的命运，最后选择了The Rut中的一项比赛，并成功完成。5.C　第一段谈到作者在2021年年底开始有中年危机，因为其父亲48岁时，心脏病发作，几乎失去生命。所以本句指的是作者接近四十五六岁时，知道需要改变自己的生活了。
6.B　根据prove to myself and everyone else around me that I wasn’t going to have the same fate可知，作者想向自己和周围的其他人证明，他不会有同样的命运。由此可知，作者想做一些大事。
7.C　根据下文作者为了比赛而坚持训练可知，作者在决定设定哪种目标。
8.A　根据下文The Rut is a series of races可知，作者发现了一个名为The Rut的比赛项目，故用race。
9.D　根据in Big Sky， Montana every September 可知，The Rut这种比赛项目是每年九月在Montana举办。adopt采用（某方法），采取（某态度）；create创造，创作，创建；cover覆盖，包含，包括；host主持，主办。
10.A　根据There are multiple distances可知，此处是说28千米的距离是最受欢迎的。distance距离；display陈列；competition竞争，比赛；game游戏，比赛。
11.B　根据下文This race is regularly listed in the top ten most difficult races in the world.可知，这个比赛是最具有挑战性的。exciting令人兴奋的；challenging具有挑战性的；breathtaking令人兴奋的，激动人心的；surprising令人吃惊的。
12.C　根据语境可知，这里是对这个比赛的难度的说明，所以应该是“这个比赛是在海拔几乎8，000英尺的地方举行”。gain（数量或水平的）增加，升高。
13.D　根据上文I wanted to do something以及下文对作者坚持训练的介绍可知，作者认为这个比赛就是自己所寻找的目标。
14.A　根据下文I would stick to it可推知，空处说的是作者制定了详细的锻炼计划。
15.B　根据stick to可知，作者从没有错过一次训练。miss错过。
16.A　根据almost 100 degrees Fahrenheit可推知，天气很热。unseasonably表示“不合季节地，违反时令地”。
17.C　根据上文可知，比赛那天，天气异常炎热。再结合the elements （恶劣天气）可知，此处是说，比赛几乎完全沿着林木线进行，这意味着你几乎所有时间都暴露在恶劣天气下。be exposed to暴露于，为固定用法。
18.D　根据halfway可知，由于天气异常炎热，许多人半路就退出了比赛。drop out of退出。
19.B　根据but I 　19　 it可知，虽然这是作者为自己作出的最大的挑战，但最后作者成功了。make it成功。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国计划在大约四年内开始在月球上建造一个月球基地，该计划将以月球土壤制成的砖块作为开端。
20.a　考查冠词。空处表示泛指，scientist 为可数名词，且leading的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
21.would be made　考查时态和语态。make是that引导的宾语从句的谓语，它和the first brick之间为被动关系，并且make的动作发生在told 之后，则用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be made。
22.likely　考查副词。空处作状语，应用副词。故填likely。
23.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，a lander， hopper， orbiter and rover是先行词，它在从句中作主语，指物。故填which。
24.if/whether　考查从属连词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，意为“是否”。故填if/whether。
25.beyond/outside　考查介词。根据句意可知，此处应用介词，表示“在……之外”。故填beyond/outside。
26.strategic　考查形容词。此处应用形容词作定语修饰needs，意为“战略的”。故填strategic。
27.to contain　考查非谓语动词。be believed to do sth表示“被认为做某事”。故填to contain。
28.updated　考查非谓语动词。update和timeline之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用过去分词作定语，意为“最新的”。故填updated。
29.and　考查并列连词。Chang’e 6和Chang’e 7以及Chang’e 8是并列关系，应用并列连词。故填and。
3 / 3Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破
　　Everyone has a dream to realize.When you take part in a contest but you 　　　　（inform） that you fail it， you are upset.When you apply for a job but what you receive is always 　　　　（reject） ， you are not delighted.When you are enthusiastic 　　　　 doing what you think is right but you hear a lot of criticism， you may be annoyed.Nevertheless， it is time for you to persevere.Stop feeling upset.Instead， be appreciative and develop your endurance，　　　　 is certain to lead to a good outcome sooner or later. 微技能热身 1.①处but后的inform与you之间为被动关系，应填　　　　　　　　。 2.②处应填　　　　　　。 3.③处为固定短语，应填　　　　　　。 4.④处应填　　　　　　，引导　　　　　　从句。
upset adj. 心烦意乱的，烦恼的；不安的；不适的 vt. （upset， upset， upsetting） 使不安；使心烦；打翻；打乱
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（新高考Ⅱ卷） I was upset 　　　　　　　　（learn） that many sea animals eat plastic garbage， thinking it is food.
②He arrived an hour late， completely 　　　　　　（upset） our plan for the picnic.
【写美】 句型转换
③I don’t know enough words and my grammar is also poor， which upsets me.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 I don’t know enough words and that my grammar is also poor.（it作形式主语）
→　　　　　　　　　　　 I don’t know enough words and that my grammar is also poor.（what引导的主语从句）
【归纳】
（1）be upset about/over/at sth 为某事心烦/难过
be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安/难过
be upset that ... ……让人不安
（2）what upsets sb is ... 让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb to do sth/that ...　让某人心烦的是……
【佳句】 It upsets her to think about the rejection she met with in the interview. （情感描写）
一想到在面试中遭遇的拒绝，她就很心烦。
【点津】 upset充当形容词时常用作表语，不能作定语。
delighted adj. 愉快的，高兴的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①The town is in a 　　　　　　（delight） situation in a wide green valley.
②（全国甲卷） Obviously we’re all absolutely delighted 　　　　　　　　（welcome） another calf to our black rhino family.
【写美】 一句多译
③（2023·1月浙江卷） 我非常高兴能拥有此次了解我们周围植物的机会。
→I 　　　　　　　　　　　　to get the chance to get to know the plants around us.（delighted）
→　　　　　　　　， I get the chance to get to know the plants around us.（delight n.）
【归纳】
（1）be delighted at/with/by ...　对……高兴
be delighted to do sth 很高兴做某事（2）delight n.[U]高兴，快乐；[C]使人高兴的事，乐事 vt.& vi.（使）高兴
to one’s delight＝to the delight of sb 令某人高兴的是
with/in delight 高兴地，乐意地
（3）delightful adj. 令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
【佳句】 To our delight， many endangered species are being protected by the government now. （动物保护）
令我们高兴的是，许多濒危物种现在正受到政府的保护。
　　When my father was young， he got 　　　 heavy debts because of his poor family.But he helped those in need as if nothing 　　　　（happen） to him.He didn’t regret doing so.In his opinion， it’s worthwhile for him 　　　　 （care） for some people who were less fortunate than him.Only when he helped them out did he feel delighted.He had been trying to be a worthy person.At last， he set up his own company and became very rich.It was his kindness and endurance 　　　　 guaranteed him a success. 微技能热身 1.①处为固定短语，应填　　　　　　。 2.②处表示与过去事实相反，应填　　　　　　　　。 3.③处为固定句式，应填　　　　　　。 4.④处为“only＋状语从句”引起的　　　　　　。 5.⑤处应填　　　　　，构成　　　　句型。
句型公式：as if引导状语从句或表语从句
【教材原句】 I who am blind can give one hint to those who see： Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind.
我，一个盲人，可以给那些能看见的人一个忠告：要像明天即将失明一样去使用你的眼睛。
【写美】 微写作/句式升级
①汤姆在运动场上不耐烦地跑来跑去，好像正在寻找丢失的东西。
Tom is running impatiently here and there on the sports ground 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②凌晨3点42分，一切开始摇晃。似乎世界末日即将来临。 （场景描写）
At 3：42 am， everything began to shake.It 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③Tom is running impatiently here and there on the sports ground 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（用省略句改写句①）
【归纳】
as if （＝as though）在本句中引导方式状语从句，它也可用在系动词后引导表语从句。as if/though所引导的从句中的语气及时态：
as if/though
【佳句】 I felt lost and anxious， as if I had missed something of value. （心理描写）
我感觉失落、焦虑，好像我错过了有价值的东西。
worthwhile adj. 重要的；值得做的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①This article is well worth 　　　　　　（read）， but it is not worthy 　　　　　　　（translate）.
【写美】 一句多译
②（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）这幅画值得赞扬，因为它生动地展现了大自然的魅力。
→This painting 　　　　　　　　　　　　because it vividly shows the charm of nature.（worth）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 this painting because it vividly shows the charm of nature.（worthwhile）
【归纳】
（1）worthwhile常用的结构：
It’s worthwhile＋ 做某事是值得的
（2）worth常用的结构：
be worth＋钱数（表示价值的数量词） 值多少钱
sth be worth it 　　　　某事值得一做
be （well） worth doing （很）值得做……
（3）worthy常用的结构：
be worthy＋ 值得做……
【点津】 worthwhile意为“值得做的”时，既可以作表语，也可以作定语。
句型公式：“only＋状语/状语从句”置于句首的倒装句
【教材原句】 Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen.只有当黑暗再次降临到我身上时，我才意识到我还有那么多没有看到。
【写美】 微写作/一句多译
①只有这样你才能拍出反映一种文化的照片。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that are a reflection of a culture.
②只有当我在电话里听到他的声音时，我才完全体会到他对我所表现出的善意。
→Only when I heard his voice on the phone 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（倒装）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I fully appreciate the kindness he had shown me.（强调句）
【归纳】
（1）条件：only放在句首修饰状语（通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等）时，句子需要部分倒装；
（2）结构：only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词be＋主语＋其他。
【佳句】 Only then did he realize that he was equal to the job， which filled him with a sense of achievement.（人物描写）
直到那时他才意识到自己能胜任这份工作，这使他充满了成就感。
【点津】 only置于句首直接修饰主语时不倒装。
Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.upset
A.adj. 不高兴的　　　B.v. 搅乱
C.v. 使生气
（1）（全国乙卷）However， some high sugar brands， like Classic Coca Cola， have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. 　　　　　
（2）（全国Ⅲ卷） I do know how upset the shop staff can get， but I try to persuade them to keep smiling. 　　　　　
（3）（天津卷）Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems. 　　　　　
2.词义猜测
（1）He gave up his job and was in a low mood because he couldn’t stand the working pace. 　　　　　
（2）I am in debt to him for his help， so whenever he is in trouble in the future， I will assist him without hesitation. 　　　　　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.（2022·全国甲卷） Don’t get caught making an 　　　　　　（embarrass） mistake at a restaurant.
2.（北京卷）Moore is enthusiastic 　　　　　the candy she created， and she’s also positive about what the future might bring.
3.（浙江卷） Very early in the morning， Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast.“The day starts 　　　　　　dawn on my farm，” he said.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（和他的弟弟有一些共同点） and they get on well with each other.（人物介绍）
2.It was John that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（把桌子上的瓶子打翻了）.
3.We should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（感激父母无条件的爱） and selfless dedication.（倡议书）
Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能
人物介绍——我所尊敬的人
　　（全国Ⅰ卷）你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.人物简介；2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.我很高兴有李华，一个17岁的少年，作为我最好的朋友。（delighted）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.他让我知道他在读什么书，这激励我读更多的书。（keep sb informed of）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.一旦我想放弃，他会说：“坚持下去，你迟早会取得进步的。”（祈使句＋and＋陈述句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.每当别人或我因考试不及格而感到尴尬时，他会毫不犹豫地来帮助我们。（embarrassed）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.这就是我最尊敬的李华。我相信有这么一位优秀的朋友在我身边，我会变得越来越好。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
The Person I Respect
　　There are many respectable people around us.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 情感描写： debt， dread， delighted， delight， delightful， enthusiastic， upset， appreciative， gentleness， embarrassed
动作描写： persevere， elect， probe， descend
人物描写： criticism， endurance， fingertip， companionship， haunt
美句 While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part， perseverance is the key.Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you ...” （升华句）
动作描写之动“手臂”
词汇 美句
单词 动词：wave， fold， catch， grab， pull， open， throw， cross ①Henry ran one hundred metres， jumped over a 1.2-metre fence， and held out his arms to catch the falling child. （动作链） 亨利跑了一百米，跳过一个1.2米高的围栏，然后伸出双臂去接住坠落的孩子。 ②The teacher bent down， gave this little boy a warm hug and kissed him gently on the forehead. （动作链） 老师弯下腰，给了这个小男孩一个温暖的拥抱，并在他的额头上轻吻了一下。
短语 ①wave one’s arms挥动手臂 ②fold/cross one’s arms交叉双臂 ③take one’s arm挽住某人的胳膊 ④catch/grab one’s arm抓住某人的胳膊 ⑤pull sb into one’s arms把某人搂在怀里 ⑥hold out/open one’s arms伸出/张开双臂 ⑦arm in arm 臂挽着臂
情境导语 在一个晴朗的午后， Tom和Joan在公园里散步。他们之间因为一些小事发生了争吵，Joan一直板着脸，看起来很生气……
第一步　完成句子
1.她站在那里，双臂交叉，看上去很生气。
She stood there 　　　　　　　　　　　， looking very angry.（with 复合结构）
2.他微笑着伸出/张开双臂。
He 　　　　　　　　　　　　， smiling.（简单句）
3.她转过身，和他保持一定的距离。
She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. （简单句）
4.他只得走近她，伸手抓住她的左胳膊。
He had to approach her and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（动作描写）
5.他挽住她的胳膊，低声道歉说：“对不起。”
He 　　　　　　　　　　　　， whispering an apology， “I’m sorry.” （简单句）
6.他们臂挽着臂走着回家了。
They 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（简单句）
第二步　连句成文
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
UNIT 2　Onwards and upwards
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身]　1.are informed　2.rejection　3.about
4.which　非限制性定语
1.①to learn　②upsetting
③It upsets me that； What upsets me is that
2.①delightful 　②to welcome
③am more than delighted； Much to my delight
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身]　1.into　2.had happened　3.to care
4.部分倒装　5.that　强调
3.①as if he was searching for something lost
②seemed as if the world were coming to an end
③as if searching for something lost
4.①reading； of being translated/to be translated/of translation　②is worth praising； It is worthwhile praising/to praise
5.①Only in this way can you take pictures
②did I fully appreciate the kindness he had shown me； It was only when I heard his voice on the phone that
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.（1）C　（2）A　（3）B
2.（1）n.节奏　（2）n.人情债
维度二
Ⅰ.1.embarrassing　2.about　3.at
Ⅱ.1.has something in common with his brother
2.knocked over the bottle on the table
3.be appreciative of our parents’ unconditional love
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.I am more than delighted to have Li Hua， a 17-year-old teenager， as my best friend.
2.He keeps me informed of what book he is reading， which motivates me to read more books.
3.Once I want to give up， he will say， “Keep trying and you will make progress sooner or later.”
4.Whenever others or I am embarrassed at failing the exams， he always comes to our assistance without hesitation.
5.Such is Li Hua I respect most.I have the confidence that with such an excellent friend around me， I will become better and better.
第二步
The Person I Respect
　　There are many respectable people around us.I am more than delighted to have Li Hua， a 17-year-old teenager， as my best friend.
　　First and foremost， he keeps me informed of what book he is reading， which motivates me to read more books.Additionally， once I want to give up， he will say， “Keep trying and you will make progress sooner or later.” Last but certainly not least， whenever others or I am embarrassed at failing the exams， he always comes to our assistance without hesitation.
　　Such is Li Hua I respect most.I have the confidence that with such an excellent friend around me， I will become better and better.
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.with her arms crossed/folded
2.held out/opened his arms
3.turned around and kept him at arm’s length
4.reached out to catch/grab her left arm
5.took her arm
6.walked home arm in arm
第二步
　　She stood there with her arms crossed/folded， looking very angry.He held out/opened his arms， smiling.She turned around and kept him at arm’s length.He had to approach her and reached out to catch/grab her left arm.He took her arm， whispering an apology， “I’m sorry.” Finally， they walked home arm in arm.(共107张PPT)
UNIT 2　Onwards and upwards
高中总复习·英语 (外研版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. have read some English classics
读过一些英文名著
2. worthy of being attended 值得参加
3. in heavy debt 负债累累
4. an electric blanket 一张电热毯
5. greet the dawn 迎接黎明
6. a permanent job 一份长久的工作
7. a literary prize 文学奖
8. ①guarantee success in the next exam
保证下次考试成功
②under guarantee 在保修期内
9. ①a steady pace 稳定的速度
②the relaxed pace of life in the country
乡间悠闲的生活节奏
10. ①dread being ill 害怕生病
②fill me with dread 使我充满恐惧
语境记忆
11. upset adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的
One day， as it started snowing， Maggie stood by a pond behind their
house， feeling upset.
一天，当开始下雪时，玛吉站在他们房子后面的池塘边，感到心烦意
乱。 （心理描写）
12. contest n.比赛，竞赛
There’ll be a short video contest with the theme of the worldwide
influence of traditional Chinese culture next month in my school.
下个月，我们学校将举办一个以中国传统文化的世界影响为主题的短
视频比赛。 （告知信）
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. manuscript n.手稿，底稿
2. rye n.黑麦
3. best-seller n.畅销书；畅销产品
4. laureate n.重要奖项获得者
5. companionship n.友谊；友好交往
6. perfume n.香味
7. intoxicate v.使兴奋，使陶醉
8. pageant n.盛大的（露天）演出
9. probe v.调查；探究
10. revelation n.展现，显示
11. workaday adj.平凡的；平淡的
12. amid prep.在……之中
13. haunt n.（某人）常去的地方
14. descend v.降临；来临
15. mighty adj.强有力的；雄伟的
16. tactile adj.触觉的
17. relish n.享受，乐趣
18. morsel n.（尤指食物的）一小片，一小块
教材例句
19. （北师大必修一） There are no shortcuts — no one can become a
long-distance runner overnight！ adv.突然，一下子
20. （人教选必一） In this sense， the home of tomorrow is already the
home of today.Nevertheless， it will take some years before most new
homes begin to use this new technology. adv.然而，不过
21. （译林选必四） As soon as I received the next assignment， I
headed straight for the library to find the reference books I needed for my
research， and then created an outline followed by a draft. n.提纲，大纲
派生词汇识记
1. inform v.通知，告知→information n.信息
2. rarely adv.很少，难得→rare adj.稀少的
3. rejection n.拒绝，否决→reject v.拒绝；排斥
4. persevere v.锲而不舍，坚持不懈→perseverance n.坚持不懈；耐性
5. criticism n.批评；指责→criticise v.批评
6. endurance n.（忍）耐力→endure v.忍耐，容忍
7. delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的→delight n.使人高兴的事 vt.& vi.使
高兴→delightful adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
8. enthusiastic adj.热心的， 热衷的→enthusiasm n.热情，热忱
→enthusiast n.热衷者
9. elect v.选举，推选→election n.选举
10. blessing n.幸事，幸运→bless vt.祝福；保佑
11. appreciative adj.感激的→appreciate vt.感激，欣赏→appreciation
n.感激
12. mere adj.仅仅，只不过→merely adv.仅仅，只不过
13. gentleness n.和蔼，温和→gentle adj.温和的
14. embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→embarrass v.使尴尬
→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassment n.窘迫，难堪
1.字母组合aw发/ /音汇总 ①dawn n.黎明，破晓 ②yawn v.打哈欠 ③awkward adj.令人尴尬
的，使人难堪的 ④awful adj.让人讨厌的，
糟糕的；骇人听闻的 ⑤jaw n.颌，颚；下巴 ⑥strawberry n.草莓 2.归类记忆法：“说”法荟萃 ①inform vt.通知，告知 ②whisper vi.& vt.小声说；耳语 ③chat vi.& n.聊天；闲聊 ④announce vt.宣告；宣布 ⑤declare vt.宣布；声明 3.“动词＋down”短
语荟萃
①turn down 拒绝
②put down 写下；镇压
③set down 记下；写
下；登记
④settle down 定居；
平静下来
⑤cut down 砍倒
⑥calm down 平静下来
第一组
1. regret to do sth 很遗憾要做某事（还没有做）
2. take ...for example 以……为例
3. have ...in common 有……共同点
4. along with 和……一起
5. turn down 拒绝
6. have a positive effect on 对……有积极的影响
7. be proud of 以……为豪
8. worthy of 值得……的
9. care about 关心
第二组
10. be appreciative of 感激
11. in particular 特别，尤其
12. be aware of 意识到
13. knock over 撞倒
14. all too often 有太多时候，太过频繁
15. live life to the full 过充实的生活
16. build character 磨炼意志；塑造品格
17. develop personal fitness 增强个人身体素质
18. a cross-country run 越野赛跑
19. a journal entry 日记
1. 句式：only修饰状语从句且放在句首时，句子用部分倒装
原句：Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I
realize how much I had left unseen.
只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才意识到，我还有那么多没有看到。
2. 句式：祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句
原句：Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are
delighted to inform you ...”
坚持下去，你终会收到这样的回复：“我们高兴地通知您……”
3. 句式：have sth done 意为“让某事被做；使……遭遇不幸”
原句：Emily Bront had to pay to have her poetry published.
艾米莉·勃朗特不得不花钱出版她的诗。
4. 句式：as if引导方式状语从句
原句：I who am blind can give one hint to those who see：Use your eyes
as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind.我，一个盲人，可以给看得
见的人一个忠告：要像明天即将失明一样去使用你的眼睛。
　　Good morning， my dear friends！ Today， I want to talk about
dreams.
　　My dream is to become a successful writer.I know that it is not an
easy path.There will be rejections and setbacks along the
way.Nevertheless， I believe that with perseverance and hard work， I
can make my dream come true.
　　I know that the road to success is never easy， but I am willing to put
in the effort and endure any challenges.I am confident that with
endurance and determination， I can guarantee a delightful outcome.
　　In conclusion， it’s worthwhile having a dream as it gives us
purpose and passion in life.Let us all be enthusiastic and appreciative of
our dreams， and work towards making them a reality.Thank you.
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.overnight adv.突然，一下子
□2.nevertheless adv.然而，不过
□3.manuscript n.手稿，底稿
□4.rye n.黑麦
□5.best-seller n.畅销书；畅销产品
□6.laureate n.重要奖项获得者
□7.companionship n.友谊；友好交往
□8.outline n.外形，轮廓
□9.intoxicate v.使兴奋，使陶醉
□10.pageant n.盛大的（露天）演出
□11.probe v.调查；探究
□12.revelation n.展现，显示
□13.workaday adj.平凡的；平淡的
□14.mighty adj.强有力的；雄伟的
□15.tactile adj.触觉的
□16.perfume n.香味
核心单词练通
1. n.速度；进度
2. n.名著；经典作品
3. adj.重要的；值得做的
4. n.毯子，毛毯
5. adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的
6. n.黎明，破晓
7. adj.长久的；永久的
8. I guarantee to pay off my （债务） on time， no matter what
happens.
pace　
classic　
worthwhile　
blanket　
worthy　
dawn　
permanent　
debts　
9. With free Chinese movies and songs available， the app
is （保证） to make you immersed in the charm of
language.
10. All these （结果） are compared with predictions
made by the well-known scientist.
11. It is said that only two students will be elected to take part in the
coming English speech （比赛）.
12. I was so （心烦意乱的） that I got into bed， pulled the
covers over my head and cried.
guaranteed　
outcomes　
contest　
upset　
拓展单词用活
1. n.拒绝，否决→ v.拒绝；排斥
2. n.批评；指责→ v.批评
3. n.（忍）耐力→ v.忍耐，容忍
4. adj.热心的， 热衷的→ n.热情，热
忱→ n.热衷者
5. v.选举，推选→ n.选举
6. n.幸事，幸运→ vt.祝福；保佑
7. adj.感激的→ vt.感激，欣赏
→ n.感激
8. adj.仅仅，只不过→ adv.仅仅，只不过
9. n.和蔼，温和→ adj.温和的
rejection　
reject　
criticism　
criticise　
endurance　
endure　
enthusiastic　
enthusiasm　
enthusiast　
elect　
election　
blessing　
bless　
appreciative　
appreciate　
appreciation　
mere　
merely　
gentleness　
gentle　
拓展单词用活
10. To be honest， my brain can’t hold so much
（inform） at one time.
11. Anger is （rare） looked upon as a beneficial character
trait， and we are usually advised to reduce it.
12. He took great in proving others wrong.When he did it，
he felt .But I don’t think what he did is .
（delight）
information　
rarely　
delight　
delighted
delightful　
13. It is natural that you should feel when
an thing happens.（embarrass）
14. Great is needed in in teaching and
staying with her pupils in this remote mountain area.（persevere）
embarrassed　
embarrassing　
perseverance　
persevering　
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
先 写 对
第 一 组 1. 　很遗憾要做某事（还没有做）
2. 以……为例
3. 　有相同的特征（或特点等）
4. 　　梦想
5. 　　和……一起
6. 　　拒绝
7. 　　由于
8. 　　对……有积极的影响
regret to do sth　
take for example　
have ...in common　
dream of　
along with　
turn down　
due to　
have a positive effect on　
再 用 准
1.Though Lucy and Lily are twins， they little with each other.
2.I inform you that your contract will not be renewed.
3.Surprisingly， your staff my request rudely and even denied the poor quality of the book.
4.As a child， he growing up to be a surgeon， but he
set off on a musical path as a teenager.
5.A woman rescued after being buried for about 132 hours
the building collapse was found alive.
in common have 　
regret to　
turned down
dreamed of　
due to　
先 写 对
第 二 组 1. 　　　以……自豪
2. 　　值得……的
3. 　　　　关心
4. 　　感激
5. 　　特别，尤其
6. 　　意识到
7. 　　给……一个提示
8. 　　撞倒
be proud of　
worthy of　
care about　
appreciative of　
in particular　
be aware of　
give one hint to　
knock over　
再 用 准
1.I think the proposal he put forward makes sense and is
being tried.
2.So excited did she become that she accidentally the
box in an attempt to get closer.
3.What the parents is that their daughter is admitted into her dream university.
4. ， you should pay more attention to the mistakes.
worthy of　
knocked over　
are proud of　
In particular　
（三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：have sth done 意
为“让某事被做；使……遭遇
不幸” 教材原句： Emily Brontё had to
pay to have her poetry
published. 1.为了环保，我们最好将这些废品
进行回收利用。 （倡议书）
For environmental protection，
we’d better
.
have these wastes
recycled　
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：祈使句＋and/or＋
陈述句 教材原句：Keep trying and
eventually you will read the words
“We are delighted to inform
you ...” 2.不要放弃，迟早你会实现你的梦
想。 （建议信）


Don’t give up and you’ll realize
your dream sooner or later.
句型公式 句式仿写
3.句型公式：only修饰副词、介
词短语或状语从句且放在句首
时，句子用部分倒装 教材原句：Only when darkness
had again descended upon me
should I realize how much I had
left unseen. 3.只有展示真实的成绩，我们才能
知道下一步努力的方向。 （告知
信）

the direction of our
next effort.
Only by showing our real grades
can we know　
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
　　 Everyone has a dream to realize.When you take part in a contest but you 　　　　 （inform） that you fail it， you are upset.When you apply for a job but what you receive is always 　　　　 （reject） ， you are not delighted.When you are enthusiastic 　　　　 doing what you think is right but you hear a lot of criticism， you may be annoyed.Nevertheless， it is time for you to persevere.Stop feeling upset.Instead， be appreciative and develop your endurance， 　　　　 is certain to lead to a good outcome sooner or later.
微技能热身
1. ①处but后的inform与you之间为被动关系，应填 。
2. ②处应填 。
3. ③处为固定短语，应填 。
4. ④处应填 ，引导 从句。
are informed　
rejection　
about　
which　
非限制性定语　
upset adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的；不安的；不适的 vt.（upset，
upset， upsetting） 使不安；使心烦；打翻；打乱
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（新高考Ⅱ卷） I was upset （learn） that many sea
animals eat plastic garbage， thinking it is food.
②He arrived an hour late， completely （upset） our plan
for the picnic.
to learn　
upsetting　
【写美】 句型转换
③I don’t know enough words and my grammar is also poor， which
upsets me.
→ I don’t know enough words and that my
grammar is also poor.（it作形式主语）
→ I don’t know enough words and that my
grammar is also poor.（what引导的主语从句）
It upsets me that　
What upsets me is that　
【归纳】
（1）be upset about/over/at sth　为某事心烦/难过
be upset to do sth　　 对做某事感到不安/难过
be upset that ...　　……让人不安
（2）what upsets sb is ...　　　让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb to do sth/that ...　　让某人心烦的是……
【佳句】 It upsets her to think about the rejection she met with in the
interview. （情感描写）
一想到在面试中遭遇的拒绝，她就很心烦。
【点津】 upset充当形容词时常用作表语，不能作定语。
delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①The town is in a （delight） situation in a wide green
valley.
②（全国甲卷） Obviously we’re all absolutely delighted
（welcome） another calf to our black rhino family.
delightful　
to
welcome　
【写美】 一句多译
③（2023·1月浙江卷） 我非常高兴能拥有此次了解我们周围植物的
机会。
→I to get the chance to get to know the plants
around us.（delighted）
→ ， I get the chance to get to know the plants
around us.（delight n.）
am more than delighted　
Much to my delight　
【归纳】
（1）be delighted at/with/by ...　对……高兴
be delighted to do sth　　很高兴做某事
（2）delight n.[U]高兴，快乐；[C]使人高兴的事，乐事 vt.& vi.
（使）高兴
to one’s delight＝to the delight of sb 令某人高兴的是
with/in delight　　高兴地，乐意地
（3）delightful adj.　　令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
【佳句】 To our delight， many endangered species are being protected
by the government now. （动物保护）
令我们高兴的是，许多濒危物种现在正受到政府的保护。
　 　When my father was young， he got 　　　　 heavy debts
because of his poor family.But he helped those in need as if nothing 　　　　（happen） to him.He didn’t regret doing so.In his opinion， it’s worthwhile for him 　　　　 （care） for some people who were less fortunate than him.Only when he helped them out did he feel delighted.He had been trying to be a worthy person.At last， he set up his own company and became very rich.It was his kindness and
endurance 　　　　 guaranteed him a success.
微技能热身
1. ①处为固定短语，应填 。
2. ②处表示与过去事实相反，应填 。
3. ③处为固定句式，应填 。
4. ④处为“only＋状语从句”引起的 。
5. ⑤处应填 ，构成 句型。
into　
had happened　
to care　
部分倒装　
that　
强调　
句型公式：as if引导状语从句或表语从句
【教材原句】 I who am blind can give one hint to those who see： Use
your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind.
我，一个盲人，可以给那些能看见的人一个忠告：要像明天即将失明
一样去使用你的眼睛。
【写美】 微写作/句式升级
①汤姆在运动场上不耐烦地跑来跑去，好像正在寻找丢失的东西。
Tom is running impatiently here and there on the sports ground
.
②凌晨3点42分，一切开始摇晃。似乎世界末日即将来临。 （场景
描写）
At 3：42 am， everything began to shake.It
.
③Tom is running impatiently here and there on the sports ground
.（用省略句改写句①）
as if he
was searching for something lost　
seemed as if the world
were coming to an end　
as if
searching for something lost　
【归纳】
as if （＝as though）在本句中引导方式状语从句，它也可用在系动词
后引导表语从句。as if/though所引导的从句中的语气及时态：
as if/though
【佳句】 I felt lost and anxious， as if I had missed something of value.
（心理描写）
我感觉失落、焦虑，好像我错过了有价值的东西。
worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①This article is well worth （read）， but it is not
worthy （translate）.
reading　
of being translated/to be translated/of translation　
【写美】 一句多译
②（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）这幅画值得赞扬，因为它生动地展现了大自
然的魅力。
→This painting because it vividly shows the charm
of nature.（worth）
→ this painting because it vividly
shows the charm of nature.（worthwhile）
is worth praising　
It is worthwhile praising/to praise　
【归纳】
（1）worthwhile常用的结构：
It’s worthwhile＋ 做某事是值得的
（2）worth常用的结构：
be worth＋钱数（表示价值的数量词） 值多少钱
sth be worth it 　　 　　某事值得一做
be （well） worth doing　　（很）值得做……
（3）worthy常用的结构：
be worthy＋ 值得做……
【点津】 worthwhile意为“值得做的”时，既可以作表语，也可以作
定语。
句型公式：“only＋状语/状语从句”置于句首的倒装句
【教材原句】 Only when darkness had again descended upon me
should I realize how much I had left unseen.
只有当黑暗再次降临到我身上时，我才意识到我还有那么多没有
看到。
【写美】 微写作/一句多译
①只有这样你才能拍出反映一种文化的照片。
that are a reflection of a
culture.
②只有当我在电话里听到他的声音时，我才完全体会到他对我所表现
出的善意。
→Only when I heard his voice on the phone
.（倒装）
→ I fully
appreciate the kindness he had shown me.（强调句）
Only in this way can you take pictures　
did I fully appreciate the
kindness he had shown me　
It was only when I heard his voice on the phone that　
【归纳】
（1）条件：only放在句首修饰状语（通常是副词、介词短语或状语
从句等）时，句子需要部分倒装；
（2）结构：only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词be＋主语＋其他。
【佳句】 Only then did he realize that he was equal to the job， which
filled him with a sense of achievement. （人物描写）
直到那时他才意识到自己能胜任这份工作，这使他充满了成就感。
【点津】 only置于句首直接修饰主语时不倒装。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. upset
A. adj.不高兴的 B. v.搅乱 C. v.使生气
（1）（全国乙卷）However， some high sugar brands， like Classic
Coca Cola， have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for
fear of upsetting consumers.
C　
（2）（全国Ⅲ卷） I do know how upset the shop staff can get， but I
try to persuade them to keep smiling.
（3）（天津卷）Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset
ecosystems.
A　
B　
2. 词义猜测
（1）He gave up his job and was in a low mood because he couldn’t
stand the working pace.
（2）I am in debt to him for his help， so whenever he is in trouble in the
future， I will assist him without hesitation.
n.节奏　
n.人情债　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. （2022·全国甲卷） Don’t get caught making an
（embarrass） mistake at a restaurant.
2. （北京卷）Moore is enthusiastic the candy she created，
and she’s also positive about what the future might bring.
3. （浙江卷） Very early in the morning， Uncle Paul woke us up to
have breakfast.“The day starts dawn on my farm，” he said.
embarrassing　
about　
at　
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. He （和他的弟弟有一
些共同点） and they get on well with each other. （人物介绍）
2. It was John that （把桌子上
的瓶子打翻了）.
3. We should
（感激父母无条件的爱） and selfless dedication. （倡议书）
has something in common with his brother　
knocked over the bottle on the table　
be appreciative of our parents’ unconditional love　
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
人物介绍——我所尊敬的人
　　（全国Ⅰ卷）你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和
爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.人物简介；2.尊敬和
爱戴的原因。
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 我很高兴有李华，一个17岁的少年，作为我最好的朋友。
（delighted）


I am more than delighted to have Li Hua， a 17-year-old teenager， as my
best friend.
2. 他让我知道他在读什么书，这激励我读更多的书。（keep sb
informed of）


3. 一旦我想放弃，他会说：“坚持下去，你迟早会取得进步的。”
（祈使句＋and＋陈述句）


He keeps me informed of what book he is reading， which motivates me
to read more books.
Once I want to give up， he will say， “Keep trying and you will make
progress sooner or later.”
4. 每当别人或我因考试不及格而感到尴尬时，他会毫不犹豫地来帮助
我们。（embarrassed）


5. 这就是我最尊敬的李华。我相信有这么一位优秀的朋友在我身边，
我会变得越来越好。


Whenever others or I am embarrassed at failing the exams， he always
comes to our assistance without hesitation.
Such is Li Hua I respect most.I have the confidence that with such an
excellent friend around me， I will become better and better.
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
The Person I Respect
　　There are many respectable people around us.

I am more than
delighted to have Li Hua， a 17-year-old teenager， as my best friend.　
　　





　　

　　 　First and foremost， he keeps me informed of what book he is
reading， which motivates me to read more books.Additionally， once I
want to give up， he will say， “Keep trying and you will make progress
sooner or later.” Last but certainly not least， whenever others or I am
embarrassed at failing the exams， he always comes to our assistance
without hesitation.　
　　 　Such is Li Hua I respect most.I have the confidence that with such
an excellent friend around me， I will become better and better.　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮 词 情感描写： debt， dread， delighted， delight， delightful，
enthusiastic， upset， appreciative， gentleness， embarrassed
动作描写： persevere， elect， probe， descend
人物描写： criticism， endurance， fingertip， companionship，
haunt
美 句 While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part， perseverance
is the key.Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you ...” （升华句）
动作描写之动“手臂”
词汇
单 词 动词：wave， fold， catch， grab， pull， open， throw， cross
短 语 ①wave one’s arms挥动手臂
②fold/cross one’s arms交叉双臂
③take one’s arm挽住某人的胳膊
④catch/grab one’s arm抓住某人的胳膊
⑤pull sb into one’s arms把某人搂在怀里
⑥hold out/open one’s arms伸出/张开双臂
⑦arm in arm 臂挽着臂
美句
①Henry ran one hundred metres， jumped over a 1.2-metre fence，
and held out his arms to catch the falling child. （动作链）
亨利跑了一百米，跳过一个1.2米高的围栏，然后伸出双臂去接
住坠落的孩子。
②The teacher bent down， gave this little boy a warm hug and
kissed him gently on the forehead. （动作链）
老师弯下腰，给了这个小男孩一个温暖的拥抱，并在他的额头上
轻吻了一下。
情境导语 在一个晴朗的午后， Tom和Joan在公园里散步。他们之间
因为一些小事发生了争吵，Joan一直板着脸，看起来很生气……
第一步　完成句子
1. 她站在那里，双臂交叉，看上去很生气。
She stood there ， looking very angry.
（with 复合结构）
2. 他微笑着伸出/张开双臂。
He ， smiling.（简单句）
with her arms crossed/folded　
held out/opened his arms　
3. 她转过身，和他保持一定的距离。
She . （简单句）
4. 他只得走近她，伸手抓住她的左胳膊。
He had to approach her and .
（动作描写）
5. 他挽住她的胳膊，低声道歉说：“对不起。”
He ， whispering an apology， “I’m sorry.” （简
单句）
6. 他们臂挽着臂走着回家了。
They .（简单句）
turned around and kept him at arm’s length　
reached out to catch/grab her left arm　
took her arm　
walked home arm in arm　
第二步　连句成文
　　




　　 　She stood there with her arms crossed/folded， looking very
angry.He held out/opened his arms， smiling.She turned around and kept
him at arm’s length.He had to approach her and reached out to
catch/grab her left arm.He took her arm， whispering an apology，
“I’m sorry.” Finally， they walked home arm in arm.　
4
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　（2025·宁波二模）The day I met Hani Irmawati， she stood alone
in the parking lot of the International school， a shy seventeen-year-old in
worn clothing.Despite the school’s policy against Indonesian students，
she approached me， begging to improve her English.When I inquired
about her motivation， expecting a local job search， she quietly
expressed her dream of attending an American university.
　　Moved by her determination， I volunteered to help her after
school.Each day， Hani woke at dawn， studying on the bus to her public
high school， then joining me in the afternoon， exhausted but eager to
learn.Despite her struggles with college-level English， her perseverance
amazed me.
　　Hani’s family lived modestly， her parents working as a custodian
and a maid.Their income couldn’t support her American university
aspirations， dampening my initial optimism.
　　In December 1998， a scholarship opportunity arose， but upon
reviewing the requirements， I despaired.Hani lacked the extra-curricular
experience and standardized test scores typical of applicants.Despite my
discouragement， she remained resolute， asking me to submit her
application.Unable to refuse， I completed the application， highlighting
her courage and perseverance.I warned her of slim acceptance odds， but
she remained steadfast.
　　In the following weeks， Hani intensified her English studies， and I
arranged for her to take the Test of English Fluency.The computerized test
posed a significant challenge for her.Just before departing for the test，
she received a letter from the scholarship association.I began reading the
letter with her， only to discover she’d been accepted.
　　Overjoyed， I celebrated while Hani stood quietly， perhaps
bewildered by my shock.In that moment， I realized what Hani had
known all along： success requires not just intelligence， but also the
drive to persevere and the courage to believe in oneself.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁女孩Hani
Irmawati为了自己上大学的梦想，努力学习英语，最终获得了奖学金
被大学录取的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁女孩Hani
Irmawati为了自己上大学的梦想，努力学习英语，最终获得了奖学金
被大学录取的故事。
1. What motivated Hani to improve her English？（　　）
A. Pressure from family members.
B. Curiosity about foreign languages.
C. Job prospects in the local community.
D. Ambition of entering an American university.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的When I inquired about ...
attending an American university.可知，进入一所美国大学的抱负促使
哈尼提高她的英语水平。
√
2. What can we infer about the difficulties that Hani had？（　　）
A. Hani’s parents were unsupportive of her dream.
B. Hani was uninterested in extra-curricular activities.
C. Hani’s application form was not submitted on time.
D. Hani was not academically qualified for the scholarship.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段中的Hani lacked the extra-
curricular experience and standardized test scores typical of applicants.可
知，哈尼在学术上不符合获得奖学金的条件。
√
3. How did the author likely feel upon discovering Hani’s acceptance to
the scholarship？（　　）
A. Surprised and proud.
B. Relieved but envious.
C. Touched and honored.
D. Shocked but concerned.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，当作者得知哈尼获得奖
学金时，他感到惊讶和自豪。
√
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. From Shyness to Success
B. A Scholar’s Journey
C. The Power of Perseverance
D. Hani’s Unrealistic Dream
解析：　标题归纳题。根据全文可知，本文主要讲述了17岁女孩
Hani Irmawati为了自己上大学的梦想，努力学习英语，最终获得
了奖学金被大学录取的故事。因此，C项（毅力的力量）可作文章
最佳标题。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　In late 2021， I began to have a little bit of a midlife crisis.When my
father was 48 years old， he had a heart attack that nearly ended his
life.As I 　5　 my midforties， I knew that I needed to make a change in
my life.I wanted to do something 　6　 to prove to myself and everyone
else around me that I wasn’t going to have the same fate.
　　As I was trying to determine what kind of 　7　 that I wanted to
set， I found a 　8　 called The Rut.The Rut is a series of races that
are 　9　 in Big Sky， Montana every September.There are multiple
distances， but the 28-kilometer 　10　 is the most popular， as well as
the most 　11　 of the entire series.This race is regularly listed in the top
ten most difficult races in the world.It involves almost 8，000 feet of
elevation （海拔） 　12　.This was the type of race I was 　13　.
　　I also did a detailed training 　14　.Even if I was traveling for
business， I would stick to it and never 　15　 a workout （训练）.And
then came the race day.
　　That day， Big Sky， Montana，was unseasonably 　16　， almost
100 degrees Fahrenheit.The race is going almost entirely above tree line，
which means that you just are 　17　 to the elements （恶劣天气）
nearly the entire time.Many people 　18　 out of the race halfway.But I
finished it.When I reached the finish line， I was greeted by my wife and
children， also friends that had traveled with us to Big Sky that day.This
was the biggest challenge I had made for myself， but I 　19　 it.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中年危机开
始时，打算作出一些改变，使自己有不同的命运，最后选择了The
Rut中的一项比赛，并成功完成。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中年危机开
始时，打算作出一些改变，使自己有不同的命运，最后选择了The
Rut中的一项比赛，并成功完成。
5. A. finished B. designed
C. approached D. changed
解析：　第一段谈到作者在2021年年底开始有中年危机，因为其父
亲48岁时，心脏病发作，几乎失去生命。所以本句指的是作者接近四
十五六岁时，知道需要改变自己的生活了。
√
6. A. public B. big C. equal D. dangerous
解析：　根据prove to myself and everyone else around me that I
wasn’t going to have the same fate可知，作者想向自己和周围的其他
人证明，他不会有同样的命运。由此可知，作者想做一些大事。
7. A. record B. test C. goal D. trap
解析：C根据下文作者为了比赛而坚持训练可知，作者在决定设定
哪种目标。
√
√
8. A. race B. training C. town D. place
解析：　根据下文The Rut is a series of races可知，作者发现了一个
名为The Rut的比赛项目，故用race。
9. A. adopted B. created
C. covered D. hosted
解析：　根据in Big Sky， Montana every September 可知，The Rut
这种比赛项目是每年九月在Montana举办。adopt采用（某方法），采
取（某态度）；create创造，创作，创建；cover覆盖，包含，包括；
host主持，主办。
√
√
10. A. distance B. display
C. competition D. game
解析：　根据There are multiple distances可知，此处是说28千米的距
离是最受欢迎的。distance距离；display陈列；competition竞争，比
赛；game游戏，比赛。
√
11. A. exciting B. challenging
C. breathtaking D. surprising
解析：　根据下文This race is regularly listed in the top ten most
difficult races in the world.可知，这个比赛是最具有挑战性的。
exciting令人兴奋的；challenging具有挑战性的；breathtaking令人兴奋
的，激动人心的；surprising令人吃惊的。
√
12. A. ride B. trouble C. gain D. show
解析：　根据语境可知，这里是对这个比赛的难度的说明，所以应
该是“这个比赛是在海拔几乎8，000英尺的地方举行”。gain（数量
或水平的）增加，升高。
13. A. changing for B. leaving for
C. paying for D. looking for
解析：　根据上文I wanted to do something以及下文对作者坚持训练
的介绍可知，作者认为这个比赛就是自己所寻找的目标。
√
√
14. A. plan B. service
C. exchange D. center
解析：　根据下文I would stick to it可推知，空处说的是作者制定了
详细的锻炼计划。
15. A. served B. missed
C. offered D. followed
解析：　根据stick to可知，作者从没有错过一次训练。miss错过。
√
√
16. A. hot B. cool C. mild D. common
解析：　根据almost 100 degrees Fahrenheit可推知，天气很热。
unseasonably表示“不合季节地，违反时令地”。
17. A. expected B. used
C. exposed D. proved
解析：　根据上文可知，比赛那天，天气异常炎热。再结合the
elements （恶劣天气）可知，此处是说，比赛几乎完全沿着林木线进
行，这意味着你几乎所有时间都暴露在恶劣天气下。be exposed to暴
露于，为固定用法。
√
√
18. A. kept B. took C. hid D. dropped
解析：　根据halfway可知，由于天气异常炎热，许多人半路就退出
了比赛。drop out of退出。
19. A. forgot B. made
C. caught D. appreciated
解析：　根据but I 　19　 it可知，虽然这是作者为自己作出的最大
的挑战，但最后作者成功了。make it成功。
√
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2025·南京联考）China plans to start building a lunar base in
about four years， kicking off with bricks made of moon soil， according
to scientists related to the project， the local news agency reported.Ding
Lieyun， 20. 　　　　　　 leading scientist at Huazhong University of
Science and Technology， told local media that the first brick
21. 　　　　　　 （make） from moon soil during the Chang’e 8
mission around 2028.
　　China has previously said its lunar base will 22. 　　　　　　（like）
be powered by nuclear energy， and will include a lander， hopper， orbiter and rover， all of 23. 　　　　　　 would be constructed by the Chang’e 6， 7 and 8 missions.It wasn’t immediately clear in the interview 24. 　　　　　　 the entire base will be built with lunar soil.
　　“Eventually， building habitation 25. 　　　　　　 the Earth is
essential not only for all humanity’s quest for space exploration， but
also for China’s 26. 　　　　　　 （strategy） needs as a space
power，” Ding said in a separate interview.
　　The moon is believed 27. 　　　　　　 （contain） a source of
waste-free nuclear energy that could meet global energy demands for 250
years， meaning potentially hundreds of billions of dollars’ worth of
resources.
　　Yu Dengyun， from the China Aerospace Science and Technology
Corporation， provided an 28. 　　　　　　 （update） timeline for the
next three Chang’e missions.Chang’e 6 will launch in 2025 to collect
samples from the far side of the moon， Chang’e 7 will blast off the
following year to search for water-ice，29. 　　　　　　 Chang’e 8
should land some two years after that.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国计划在大约
四年内开始在月球上建造一个月球基地，该计划将以月球土壤制成
的砖块作为开端。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国计划在大约
四年内开始在月球上建造一个月球基地，该计划将以月球土壤制成
的砖块作为开端。
20. a　考查冠词。空处表示泛指，scientist 为可数名词，且leading的
发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
21. would be made　考查时态和语态。make是that引导的宾语从句的
谓语，它和the first brick之间为被动关系，并且make的动作发生在told
之后，则用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be made。
22. likely　考查副词。空处作状语，应用副词。故填likely。
23. which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定
语从句，a lander， hopper， orbiter and rover是先行词，它在从句中作
主语，指物。故填which。
24. if/whether　考查从属连词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从
句，意为“是否”。故填if/whether。
25. beyond/outside　考查介词。根据句意可知，此处应用介词，表示
“在……之外”。故填beyond/outside。
26. strategic　考查形容词。此处应用形容词作定语修饰needs，意为
“战略的”。故填strategic。
27. to contain　考查非谓语动词。be believed to do sth表示“被认为做
某事”。故填to contain。
28. updated　考查非谓语动词。update和timeline之间为逻辑上的动宾
关系，因此使用过去分词作定语，意为“最新的”。故填updated。
29. and　考查并列连词。Chang’e 6和Chang’e 7以及Chang’e 8是
并列关系，应用并列连词。故填and。
演示完毕 感谢观看 !

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